EP3587741A1 - Bague segmentée destinée au montage dans une turbomachine - Google Patents

Bague segmentée destinée au montage dans une turbomachine Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3587741A1
EP3587741A1 EP19182753.4A EP19182753A EP3587741A1 EP 3587741 A1 EP3587741 A1 EP 3587741A1 EP 19182753 A EP19182753 A EP 19182753A EP 3587741 A1 EP3587741 A1 EP 3587741A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
segment
ring
segment ring
radially
joint
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19182753.4A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3587741B1 (fr
Inventor
Manfred Feldmann
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
MTU Aero Engines AG
Original Assignee
MTU Aero Engines AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by MTU Aero Engines AG filed Critical MTU Aero Engines AG
Publication of EP3587741A1 publication Critical patent/EP3587741A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3587741B1 publication Critical patent/EP3587741B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/001—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between stator blade and rotor
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/003—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages by packing rings; Mechanical seals
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/005—Sealing means between non relatively rotating elements
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D11/00—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages
    • F01D11/08—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator
    • F01D11/12—Preventing or minimising internal leakage of working-fluid, e.g. between stages for sealing space between rotor blade tips and stator using a rubstrip, e.g. erodible. deformable or resiliently-biased part
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D9/00—Stators
    • F01D9/02—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles
    • F01D9/04—Nozzles; Nozzle boxes; Stator blades; Guide conduits, e.g. individual nozzles forming ring or sector
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/10—Stators
    • F05D2240/11—Shroud seal segments
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
    • F05D—INDEXING SCHEME FOR ASPECTS RELATING TO NON-POSITIVE-DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, GAS-TURBINES OR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
    • F05D2240/00—Components
    • F05D2240/55—Seals

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a segment ring for mounting in a turbomachine.
  • the turbomachine can, for example, be a jet engine, e.g. B. a turbofan engine.
  • the fluid machine is functionally divided into a compressor, combustion chamber and turbine.
  • the air drawn in is compressed by the compressor and burned in the downstream combustion chamber with added kerosene.
  • the resulting hot gas a mixture of combustion gas and air, flows through the downstream turbine and is expanded in the process.
  • the turbine is typically subdivided into several modules, so it can have, for example, a high-pressure and a low-pressure turbine module.
  • Each of the turbine modules then generally comprises a number of stages, each stage being composed of a guide vane ring and a rotor blade ring which follows downstream.
  • the segment ring in question is intended for assembly in a turbomachine, for example in a turbine module. It can be attached to a housing part, for example, and then carry a jacket ring segment arranged radially on the inside of the housing part. Such a jacket ring segment limits the gas channel to the outside at the axial height of a rotor blade ring; it can be equipped radially on the inside, for example, with a sealing system or an inlet lining. This is intended to illustrate the present subject matter or a preferred application thereof, but initially not to restrict it in its generality (the segment ring can also perform another assembly function in the turbomachine).
  • the present invention is based on the technical problem of specifying a particularly advantageous segment ring.
  • segment ring according to claim 1.
  • This is designed for assembly or assembly from the radially inside to the outside and is divided into segments all round.
  • a sealing insert is used to reduce leakage at a joint where two circumferentially adjacent segments adjoin each other.
  • a pocket which is open towards the joint is formed in each of the two segments and the sealing insert is located therein. It is held axially in the pockets and bridges the shock, thus blocking gap flows and increasing tightness.
  • One of the mutually facing pockets is also open not only towards the butt, but also in a radial direction.
  • This is advantageous with regard to the radial assembly of the segment ring, in particular complete and / or closed segment ring, namely the corresponding segment can be pushed radially onto the sealing insert, in particular without a simultaneous displacement in a non-radial direction and / or for the sliding on would be required in the axial direction and / or in particular to provide the complete and / or closed segment ring.
  • the segmentation and the assembly from the radially inside on the one hand open up interesting assembly options, on the other hand, by additionally sealing a joint between two segments, any leakage can nevertheless be limited. Due to the inventive design of the pockets, the joint can be closed with a sealing insert, which offers an efficient seal, but assembly from the radially inside remains possible.
  • axially generally relates to the ring axis of the segment ring.
  • the ring axis typically coincides with the longitudinal axis of the turbomachine or the axis of rotation about which the rotor blade rings rotate.
  • “Radial” relates to the radial directions perpendicular to the ring or longitudinal axis, pointing away therefrom, and a “revolution” or “circumferential” or the “revolution direction” concern the rotation about the axis.
  • “Front” and “rear” refer to the axial flow direction component of the hot gas, so this passes “front” parts axially in front of “rear” parts.
  • the segment ring or its segments can be produced from a forged ring, for example, by turning and milling.
  • the segments can also be cast parts (in connection with post-processing of the functional surfaces).
  • additive manufacturing is also possible, ie the segment ring or segments can be constructed additively layer by layer from a previously formless or neutral material.
  • the pockets can already be taken into account in the original design, but they can also be inserted to remove material, e.g. eroded (spark eroding).
  • the corresponding segment can be pushed radially onto the sealing insert.
  • the pocket is aligned in the direction of insertion in which the segment or segments are assembled.
  • the direction of insertion can generally also have an axial component (for example when viewed in an axial section they are not tilted by more than 30 ° to the radial direction), and is preferably perpendicular to the axial direction.
  • the radially open pocket can also be opened radially inwards (and closed radially outwards); during assembly, this segment would then be placed first and then the other segment together with the sealing insert, which would be arranged in its closed pocket and would slide into the pocket which is open radially inwards.
  • the radially open pocket is open radially outwards and closed radially inwards.
  • the segment with this pocket can accordingly be pushed onto the sealing insert from the radial inside, which is already positioned in the pocket of the other segment.
  • the sealing insert in contrast to a pocket that is open radially inwards, is then secured in both pockets against falling out inwards and outwards, since the open pocket is directed against the housing wall.
  • the radially closed pocket is closed radially inwards and radially outwards.
  • the radially open pocket is therefore preferably opened in exactly one radial direction, preferably radially outwards, and the other pocket is closed in both radial directions.
  • the sealing insert is thus kept largely captive even before the segments are assembled in the closed pocket.
  • a grease can generally be used during assembly, which holds the sealing insert like an adhesive.
  • the closed pocket is dimensioned in a preferred embodiment such that its depth taken perpendicular to the joint corresponds to at least 0.1 times its height taken parallel to the joint.
  • the pocket is dimensioned in such a way that the sealing insert cannot unscrew before the segments are assembled.
  • Further preferred lower limits of the Depths are at least 0.2, 0.3 or 0.4 times the height, with possible (independent) upper limits at z. B. at most 2, 1.5, 1 or 0.8 times the height.
  • the sealing insert is a sealing plate.
  • the sealing insert in particular the sealing plate, which is, for example, a planar sealing plate, preferably seals off the joint and / or a segment gap between the circumferentially adjacent segments in the axial direction.
  • the axial direction is preferably normal to or substantially normal to the sheet plane, i.e. with a maximum deviation of 10 °, in particular 5 °, for exactly normal orientation.
  • a securing ring is provided, on which the segments of the segment ring are supported in a radially inward manner.
  • the locking ring can extend uninterrupted in the circumferential direction.
  • the locking ring is preferably pressed axially into a receptacle in the segment ring and held by an interference fit.
  • the segment ring preferably forms a radially protruding projection on the receptacle, behind which the retaining ring is held in an axially positive manner.
  • the projection is dimensioned such that the locking ring can be pressed in axially, but is then secured axially in the opposite direction. This is preferably supported by an inclined flank (sawtooth profile), along which the locking ring slides when pressed in.
  • one of two adjoining segments has abutting edges which are parallel to one another and thus to an insertion direction of this segment (viewed in the axial direction).
  • Such a segment can be pushed in radially outwards, even if the two adjacent segments are already positioned.
  • the mutually parallel abutting edges are preferably oriented in such a way that they or their extensions border the ring axis in the center towards the opposite side of the segment ring.
  • such a segment with abutting edges parallel to one another, has a pocket on both circumferential sides, each with a sealing insert therein.
  • These two pockets are preferably each open radially outwards and closed radially inwards.
  • every second segment has mutually parallel abutting edges in the circumferential direction.
  • the segments are or are set up in such a way that the segment ring can ideally be constructed from only a single segment ring type.
  • one of the segments adjoining the joint has an abutting edge oblique to the radial direction.
  • the oblique butt edge forms an angle ⁇ of at least 85 ° and at most 110 ° with a connecting line that extends diagonally through the segment to the outer corner of the oblique butt edge.
  • Further preferred upper limits are at most 100 ° or 95 °, further preferred lower limits are (irrespective of this) at least 88 ° or 90 ° (in the order in which they are mentioned increasingly preferred).
  • the segment can also be used when the circumferentially next-adjacent segments are already arranged in their assembly position.
  • the segment can first be brought into position with the opposite butt edge and then, as it were, turned into a system with the oblique butt edge, cf. Figure 4 for illustration.
  • the segment on this oblique abutting edge is equipped with the pocket which is open radially outwards (and closed radially inwards).
  • Such a segment can, as described in the previous paragraph, first be hooked in with the opposite abutting edge and then screwed into its mounting position, the sealing insert sliding into the radially open pocket of the segment.
  • All segments are preferably of identical construction, that is to say rotationally symmetrical about the ring or longitudinal axis. Handling only a single segment ring type can simplify assembly and storage.
  • the invention also relates to a segment ring arrangement with a segment ring disclosed here and a mounting part, preferably a housing part.
  • the segment ring is or is axially positively mounted on the mounting part, specifically a form-locking element thereof.
  • the individual segments are each assembled radially outward with the form-locking element.
  • a jacket ring segment is preferably mounted radially on the inside of the housing part, see also the comments at the beginning.
  • the segment ring is used for the assembly of the jacket ring segment; the segment ring is mounted on the housing part, and the jacket ring segment is then supported on it radially inwards.
  • This structure can be advantageous with regard to the thermal gradients (in particular in the housing area), and assembly and disassembly from the front axially is also possible.
  • the invention also relates to a turbine module with such a segment ring arrangement, a rotor blade ring being arranged radially within the jacket ring segment.
  • the segment ring arrangement is preferably provided at the axially front end of the turbine module.
  • the modules can be separated from one another comparatively easily on the one hand, so that they are then also accessible from the front axially; on the other hand, the components arranged axially at the front can also be particularly stressed and therefore need to be overhauled.
  • the invention also relates to the use of a turbine module or a segment ring or a corresponding segment ring arrangement in a turbomachine, in particular in a jet engine, for example a turbofan engine.
  • Fig. 1 shows a turbomachine 1, specifically a turbofan engine, in an axial section.
  • the flow machine 1 is functionally divided into a compressor 1a, a combustion chamber 1b and a turbine 1c.
  • Both the compressor 1a and the turbine 1c are each made up of several stages, each stage being composed of a guide vane ring and a subsequent rotor blade ring.
  • the rotor blades rotate during operation about the longitudinal axis 2 of the turbomachine 1.
  • the air sucked in is compressed in the compressor 1a and then burned in the downstream combustion chamber 1b with added kerosene.
  • the hot gas flows through the hot gas duct 3 and drives the rotor blades, which rotate about the longitudinal axis 2.
  • Fig. 2 shows a jacket ring arrangement 20, which is provided as part of a module of the turbine 1c. It has a housing part 21 and a jacket ring segment 22 a seal 23 is arranged radially on the inside, in the present case a honeycomb seal.
  • the jacket ring segment 22 surrounds the blades 24 radially outward.
  • a segment ring 25 is provided, which is divided into a plurality of segments in the circumferential direction (cf. Fig. 3 and 4 ).
  • the individual segments of the segment ring 25 are assembled from the inside radially with a form-locking element 26 of the housing part 21.
  • the form-locking element 26 is provided in the present case as a radially inwardly projecting housing web onto which the segments of the segment ring 25 are pushed and are then held in an axially positive manner.
  • the segment ring 25 forms a support 27 which supports the jacket ring segment 22 radially inward at its axially front end.
  • a locking ring 28 is used to hold the segments of the segment ring 25 radially in position. This extends circumferentially without interruption and is pressed axially into a receptacle 29 of the segment ring 25. In the receptacle 29, it is held axially positively behind a projection 30.
  • a bore 31 is provided in the form-locking element 26 or the housing web of the housing part 21, which can be used (and is optional) for supplying a cooling fluid.
  • the shielding plates 32 arranged radially between the housing part 21 and the casing ring segment 22 are optional; the approach according to the invention could also be realized with an insulating material or the like between the housing part 21 and the casing ring segment 22.
  • Fig. 3 shows the segment ring 25 in a section perpendicular to the longitudinal axis 2 (for the sake of clarity without hatching), namely a section of the segment ring 25 with segments 35, 36 Butt 45, a sealing insert 46 is provided, namely a sealing plate. A pocket 50, 51 is formed on the joint 45 in each of the segments 35, 36 for receiving it. (The sealing insert 46 is also in accordance with the section Fig. 2 recognizable.)
  • the pocket 51 in the segment 36 is closed radially inwards and outwards Sealing insert 46 is inserted in the direction of rotation.
  • the pocket 50 in the segment 35 is only closed radially inwardly, but is open radially outwards.
  • the segment 36 with the sealing insert 46 is first positioned, then the segment 35 with its mutually parallel abutting edges 35a can be inserted from the radially inside, the sealing insert 46 sliding into the pocket 50 which is open radially outwards.
  • the segment 35 is constructed symmetrically, that is to say has a further pocket which is open radially at the other end on the circumferential side.
  • Fig. 4 shows one too Fig. 3 alternative design of segments 40, in which case the entire segment ring 25 can be constructed from a single segment ring type.
  • an abutting edge 40a of the segment 40 lies at an angle to a connecting line 41 such that the angle ⁇ is approximately 90 °.
  • a sealing insert 46 is arranged in a segment 40 in a pocket 50 that is open radially outwards and in the other segment 40 in a radially closed pocket 51 on a respective joint 45 at which two segments 40 adjoin one another the sealing insert 46 is positioned, then the other segment 40, as in FIG Fig. 4 shown, rotated into its mounting position.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Structures Of Non-Positive Displacement Pumps (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)
EP19182753.4A 2018-06-28 2019-06-27 Bague segmentée destinée au montage dans une turbomachine Active EP3587741B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102018210601.0A DE102018210601A1 (de) 2018-06-28 2018-06-28 Segmentring zur montage in einer strömungsmaschine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3587741A1 true EP3587741A1 (fr) 2020-01-01
EP3587741B1 EP3587741B1 (fr) 2021-08-11

Family

ID=67105798

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19182753.4A Active EP3587741B1 (fr) 2018-06-28 2019-06-27 Bague segmentée destinée au montage dans une turbomachine

Country Status (4)

Country Link
US (1) US11125097B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3587741B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102018210601A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2887231T3 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN113898420A (zh) * 2021-10-10 2022-01-07 中国航发沈阳发动机研究所 一种压气机静子内环及其静子结构

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US20200003067A1 (en) 2020-01-02
ES2887231T3 (es) 2021-12-22
US11125097B2 (en) 2021-09-21
EP3587741B1 (fr) 2021-08-11
DE102018210601A1 (de) 2020-01-02

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