EP3585586B1 - Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de pièces moulées en matière plastique renforcées par des fibres - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de pièces moulées en matière plastique renforcées par des fibres Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3585586B1
EP3585586B1 EP18704010.0A EP18704010A EP3585586B1 EP 3585586 B1 EP3585586 B1 EP 3585586B1 EP 18704010 A EP18704010 A EP 18704010A EP 3585586 B1 EP3585586 B1 EP 3585586B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
powder
air
fibre
chamber
venturi nozzle
Prior art date
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Active
Application number
EP18704010.0A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3585586A1 (fr
Inventor
Maximilian Schadhauser
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KraussMaffei Technologies GmbH
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KraussMaffei Technologies GmbH
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Publication of EP3585586A1 publication Critical patent/EP3585586A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/15—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor incorporating preformed parts or layers, e.g. extrusion moulding around inserts
    • B29C48/154—Coating solid articles, i.e. non-hollow articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/17—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C45/18—Feeding the material into the injection moulding apparatus, i.e. feeding the non-plastified material into the injection unit
    • B29C45/1816—Feeding auxiliary material, e.g. colouring material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B15/00—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00
    • B29B15/08—Pretreatment of the material to be shaped, not covered by groups B29B7/00 - B29B13/00 of reinforcements or fillers
    • B29B15/10—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step
    • B29B15/12—Coating or impregnating independently of the moulding or shaping step of reinforcements of indefinite length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/58—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/60—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material
    • B29B7/603—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations for feeding, e.g. end guides for the incoming material in measured doses, e.g. proportioning of several materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/82—Heating or cooling
    • B29B7/826—Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C45/00—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C45/0005—Injection moulding, i.e. forcing the required volume of moulding material through a nozzle into a closed mould; Apparatus therefor using fibre reinforcements
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/287—Raw material pre-treatment while feeding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/285—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder
    • B29C48/288—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules
    • B29C48/2886—Feeding the extrusion material to the extruder in solid form, e.g. powder or granules of fibrous, filamentary or filling materials, e.g. thin fibrous reinforcements or fillers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/793—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling upstream of the plasticising zone, e.g. heating in the hopper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/30—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/34—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices
    • B29B7/38—Mixing; Kneading continuous, with mechanical mixing or kneading devices with movable mixing or kneading devices rotary
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29B—PREPARATION OR PRETREATMENT OF THE MATERIAL TO BE SHAPED; MAKING GRANULES OR PREFORMS; RECOVERY OF PLASTICS OR OTHER CONSTITUENTS OF WASTE MATERIAL CONTAINING PLASTICS
    • B29B7/00—Mixing; Kneading
    • B29B7/80—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29B7/88—Adding charges, i.e. additives
    • B29B7/90—Fillers or reinforcements, e.g. fibres
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C2791/00—Shaping characteristics in general
    • B29C2791/004—Shaping under special conditions
    • B29C2791/006—Using vacuum
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/022—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the choice of material
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/14—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration
    • B29C48/143—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor characterised by the particular extruding conditions, e.g. in a modified atmosphere or by using vibration at a location before or in the feed unit, e.g. influencing the material in the hopper
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
    • B29C48/00—Extrusion moulding, i.e. expressing the moulding material through a die or nozzle which imparts the desired form; Apparatus therefor
    • B29C48/25—Component parts, details or accessories; Auxiliary operations
    • B29C48/78—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling
    • B29C48/79—Thermal treatment of the extrusion moulding material or of preformed parts or layers, e.g. by heating or cooling of preformed parts or layers
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2105/00—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped
    • B29K2105/06—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts
    • B29K2105/08—Condition, form or state of moulded material or of the material to be shaped containing reinforcements, fillers or inserts of continuous length, e.g. cords, rovings, mats, fabrics, strands or yarns
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
    • B29K—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASSES B29B, B29C OR B29D, RELATING TO MOULDING MATERIALS OR TO MATERIALS FOR MOULDS, REINFORCEMENTS, FILLERS OR PREFORMED PARTS, e.g. INSERTS
    • B29K2307/00—Use of elements other than metals as reinforcement
    • B29K2307/04—Carbon

Definitions

  • the shaping device can be an injection molding tool or an extrusion tool.
  • the plasticizing device can be designed differently.
  • the plasticizing device can be designed, for example, as a twin screw extruder with axially non-displaceable screws, and the material can be introduced into the injection molding tool by means of a downstream injection unit. It is also known to provide a screw pre-plasticization with a single screw and to introduce the material into the injection molding tool by means of a downstream injection unit.
  • the screw can be axially fixed during the screw preplasticization or it can also be designed as a push screw. In the latter case, both a rotary drive and a linear drive are provided.
  • the plasticizing device can also only be designed with a push screw, ie the plasticizing and the injection take place with one and the same screw.
  • the plasticizing device can be designed as a single-screw or as a multi-screw extruder, for example as a twin-screw extruder.
  • Known plasticizing devices from the aforementioned types are disclosed, for example, in US Pat EP1144174B1 , EP1306187B1 and DE423662C2 .
  • the ionized air is passed through the porous plate and through the powder.
  • powder is lifted from the porous plate and, together with the ionized air, forms a powder-air mixture at a distance above the porous plate. If a fiber strand is moved through this powder-air mixture, powder is deposited on the fiber strand. The fiber strand is then moved through an oven in order to melt the powder and achieve good adhesion of the powder to the fiber strand. Fiber strands coated in this way are then fed to a roll, where the fiber strands are wound up and a supply of coated fiber material is ultimately formed.
  • U.S. 5,370,911 A discloses a method for coating fiber strands, wherein a powder is sucked in from a storage container using a venturi nozzle and conveyed to the fiber strands to be coated by means of an air stream.
  • the powder particles are electrostatically charged before they hit the earthed fiber strands and form a coating there.
  • the document U.S. 5,213,843 A discloses another method of coating fiber strands with a powder material.
  • air is sucked into a coating chamber via the fiber inlet opening using a vacuum and powder from a storage container is added to the air flow.
  • the fiber strands can be introduced into the coating chamber in an electrostatically charged state.
  • the US 2004/231598 A1 also discloses a method for powder coating fibers, the powder being sucked into a venturi nozzle by means of an ionized air stream from a storage container and then blown onto the fiber strand via a nozzle.
  • the workpieces to be coated can be those workpieces which essentially, that is to say for example at least 50 percent by weight, preferably at least 75 percent by weight or consist exclusively of carbon fibers.
  • carbon fibers covers individual fibers or threads, but also knitted fabrics, braids, knitted fabrics, woven fabrics, scrims or the like formed from them.
  • the powder can be applied comparatively homogeneously to fiber strands.
  • the layer thickness or the powder content per unit of quantity of fiber strand e.g. per kg of fiber strand
  • the invention is based on the object of specifying a method and a device for producing fiber-reinforced plastic molded parts, wherein the plastic molded parts are mixed with fibers which have a defined proportion of coating material.
  • a core idea of the invention can be seen in the fact that the fiber strands are homogeneously coated with a defined amount of powder per unit of time or per unit of fiber length.
  • an air stream of ionized air is first generated to coat the fiber strands and passed through a Venturi nozzle, that powder is removed from a storage container by means of a screw conveyor and fed to the Venturi nozzle, that a stream is emitted in the direction of flow behind the Venturi nozzle a powder-air mixture and this current is introduced into a chamber, that earthed or opposite to the powder ionized fiber strands are moved through the chamber and through the powder-air mixture flowing through the chamber, with powder particles being deposited on the fiber strands and the fiber strands led out of the chamber thus have a coating with a defined amount of powder per unit of time or per unit of fiber length.
  • the fiber strands coated in this way are fed to a plasticizing device, in which the fiber strands are drawn in by a single screw or a double screw and incorporated into a melted plastic material, a mixture of plastic melt and fiber material being produced and this mixture being fed to a shaping device.
  • the on Fiber-reinforced molded plastic parts produced in this way are characterized in that the fibers present in the molded plastic part have a defined proportion of coating material.
  • two variants are therefore provided in order to achieve sufficient adhesion of the powder material to the fiber strands.
  • the first variant only the powder is ionized and the fiber material is grounded. If a higher adhesion is desired or should be necessary, a second variant can provide that the powder is ionized positively and the fiber strands negatively (or vice versa).
  • the coating material was chosen so that the viscosity of the plastic melted in the plasticizing device in the immediate vicinity of the supplied fiber strand provided with the coating material is greatly reduced, the wetting of the individual filaments of the fiber strand provided with coating material can be significantly facilitated.
  • these coated filaments are impregnated with this plastic material on the first contact with the plastic material melted in the plasticizing device, before they can be compacted into agglomerates. This early avoidance of agglomerate formation also eliminates the need to break down these agglomerates, for example by means of strongly shear dispersion zones. The elimination of strongly shear zones in turn leads to a higher average fiber length in the component, which is then positively reflected in the mechanical properties.
  • the screw conveyor is preferably operated with a lining. In cooperation with the Venturi nozzle and the negative pressure prevailing there, a closed system is formed. This has the advantage that the chamber into which the powder particles are metered forms sufficient space for a turbulent flow profile, since the space is not filled by deposited powder particles. The turbulent flow profile in turn leads to an even application of the powder to all surfaces of the fiber strand that is passed through.
  • the air can be heated before it is passed through the venturi nozzle. This helps to ensure that the air is as dry as possible when the powder-air mixture is formed. In addition, this also heats the fiber strands and consequently the plastic material melted in the plasticizing device, into which the coated fiber strands are introduced, does not solidify on the first contact with the fibers. The wetting of the fibers is improved accordingly.
  • the air is heated to a temperature at which the powder particles are melted. Depending on the material used, this is the case at temperatures of more or less above 110 ° C.
  • a device essentially comprises a fiber coating device, a plasticizing device with a single or double screw and a shaping device.
  • the fiber coating device has a chamber through which fiber strands can be moved and through which a flow of a powder-air mixture can be passed.
  • the device according to the invention is characterized, among other things, in that the fiber coating device has an air duct connected to the chamber and equipped with a Venturi nozzle, through which ionized air can be passed to and through the Venturi nozzle, and also in that the fiber coating device has a powder storage container with a screw conveyor, the outlet end of the screw conveyor being arranged such that powder conveyed by the screw conveyor can flow into the venturi nozzle and mix with the ionized air in order to be able to generate a flow of a powder-air mixture.
  • the chamber can have a membrane on its upper side which is permeable to air but is impermeable to the powder from the powder storage container. This is advantageous so that the air necessary for the uniform transport of the powder can escape from the chamber, but it is also ensured that the metered amount of powder also is completely applied to the fibers and does not escape from the chamber in parts together with the air.
  • a heating device can preferably be provided in the air duct, which heating device is preferably arranged in the air duct in front of the Venturi nozzle in the direction of flow. This allows the air to be dried and heated. The heating device makes it possible to heat the air to a temperature at which the powder particles are melted. This improves the adhesion of the coating material to the surface of the fiber strands.
  • a suitable ionization device known per se can be provided in order to be able to generate ionized air and introduce it into the air duct. This saves the installation of ionization devices in the air duct itself.
  • An extrusion tool or an injection molding tool can be provided as the shaping device.
  • a so-called injection molding compounder with a single screw or a co-rotating twin screw extruder can be provided as the injection molding machine.
  • the Figure 1 shows schematically the structure of a device according to the invention.
  • the reference number 1 denotes an injection molding machine or an extrusion machine, as they are each known per se (see e.g. EP1144174B1 , EP1306187B1 or DE4236662C2 ); a more detailed description can therefore be omitted at this point.
  • the reference symbol 2b denotes fiber strands which are already coated and which are fed to the plasticizing unit of the injection molding machine or the extrusion machine 1.
  • the fiber coating device provided overall with the reference symbol 3 essentially comprises a chamber 4 which is closed off with an air-permeable membrane 5. An air duct 6 is connected to the underside of the chamber 4.
  • the air duct 6 is equipped with several devices, namely a fan 7, a heater 8 and one Venturi nozzle 9.
  • a funnel 10 is provided on the upper side of the venturi nozzle 9, through which the coating material present as powder 11 is introduced into the venturi nozzle 9.
  • the powder 11 is kept ready in a storage container 12 and discharged from the storage container via a screw conveyor 13.
  • the exit end of the screw conveyor 13 is arranged in such a way that powder 11 conveyed by the screw conveyor 13 can fall into the funnel 10 and thus flow into the Venturi nozzle 9 and mix there with the ionized air. Downstream of the Venturi nozzle 9 there is thus a flow of a powder-air mixture.
  • a device known per se for ionizing air is not shown.
  • the arrow P1 is only intended to indicate that air is introduced into the channel 6 which has previously been ionized. At the arrow P2, the air has already passed the heater 8 and is correspondingly heated.
  • Uncoated fiber strands 2a are kept ready on a supply roll 14 or the like and drawn off from there. The removal takes place by means of the screw or the screws of the plasticizing device in the machine 1.
  • the fiber strands 2a should be earthed.
  • the chamber 4 has suitable inlet and outlet devices 15, 16 in order to be able to pull the fiber strands 2a into the interior of the chamber 4 with as little friction as possible and to be able to lead the coated fiber strands 2b out of the chamber 4.
  • these inlet and outlet devices can be funnel-shaped, as shown in FIG Figure 1 is indicated.
  • the operation of the device according to the invention is as follows. Ionized air is sucked into the air duct 6 by means of the fan 7, as indicated by the arrow P1, heated by the heating device 8 and passed through the Venturi nozzle 9. A precisely measured amount of powder per unit of time is introduced into the funnel 10 and thus into the Venturi nozzle 9 from the storage container 12 by means of the screw conveyor 13 in the underfed operation. The air flow in the air duct 6 is thus mixed with a precisely measured amount of powder per unit of time and the powder is charged by the ionized air. This powder-air mixture flows on through the air duct 6 and enters the chamber 4 on the underside thereof. As indicated by the arrows P3, the air is discharged through the membrane 5 into the open.
  • the fiber strands are passed transversely through the chamber 4, one im essential horizontal position of the fiber strands is preferred.
  • the direction of flow of the powder-air mixture is oriented essentially vertically. While the fiber strands are moved through the chamber 4, they are continuously exposed to the powder-air mixture and the charged powder can be deposited on the earthed fiber strands. A precisely measured amount of powder per unit of time is applied to the fiber strands.
  • the fiber strands 2b coated in this way are fed to the plasticizing device of the machine 1 or drawn in by the latter and incorporated into a melted plastic material. In this way, a mixture of plastic melt and fiber material is produced and this mixture is then fed to a shaping device.
  • the Figure 2 differs from that Figure 1 to the effect that, in this variant, a connection for a pipe 17 is provided on the bottom of the chamber 4, which connection extends to the plasticizing device of the machine 1.
  • a connection for a pipe 17 is provided on the bottom of the chamber 4, which connection extends to the plasticizing device of the machine 1.
  • powder deposits on the bottom of the chamber 4 can be conveyed via the pipe 17 into the fiber intake opening of the plasticizing device of the machine 1.
  • This has the advantage that possible deposits of powder material on the bottom of the chamber 4 can be prevented. It can thus be ensured that an exactly desired amount of powder 11 is located in the finished, fiber-reinforced plastic molding.
  • the amount of powder 11 in this plastic molding is then composed of powder 11 or powder material, which is present as a coating material on the fibers of the coated fiber strand 2b, and powder 11 or rather.
  • the escape of air from this additional opening in the chamber 4 could be reduced to a minimum if the pipe has a very thin flow cross-section but a great length.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Extrusion Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Reinforced Plastic Materials (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Moulding By Coating Moulds (AREA)
  • Injection Moulding Of Plastics Or The Like (AREA)
  • Electrostatic Spraying Apparatus (AREA)

Claims (10)

  1. Procédé pour la fabrication de pièces moulées en matière plastique renforcées par des fibres, dans lequel des faisceaux de fibres (2a, 2b) sont revêtus et dirigés vers un dispositif de plastification, dans lequel les faisceaux de fibres (2b) sont passés par une vis sans fin unique ou une vis sans fin double et usinés en un matériau plastique fondu, dans lequel un mélange de fonte de plastique et de matériau de fibres est produit et ce mélange est dirigé vers un dispositif de moulage,
    caractérisé en ce que
    pour revêtir les faisceaux de fibres (2a), un écoulement d'air constitué d'air ionisé est d'abord produit puis dirigé au travers d'un tube de venturi (9), que de la poudre (11) est prélevée d'un réservoir (12) au moyen d'un convoyeur à vis sans fin (13) puis dirigée vers le tube de venturi (9), qu'un écoulement constitué d'un mélange poudre-air se forme derrière le tube de venturi (9) dans le sens d'écoulement et cet écoulement est introduit dans une chambre (4), que des faisceaux de fibres (2a) mis à la terre ou ionisés inversement à la poudre sont amenés au travers de la chambre (4) et au travers du mélange poudre-air traversant la chambre (4), dans lequel des particules de poudre (11) sont déposées sur les faisceaux de fibres (2a) et les faisceaux de fibres (2b) sortis de la chambre (4) présentent un revêtement et que les faisceaux de fibres (2b) ainsi revêtus sont dirigés vers le dispositif de plastification.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le transporteur à vis sans fin (13) est entraîné sous-alimenté.
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 1 ou 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'air est chauffé avant qu'il ne soit dirigé à travers le tube de venturi (9).
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'air est chauffé à une température à laquelle les particules de poudre sont fondues.
  5. Dispositif pour exécuter le procédé selon l'une des revendications précédentes, comprenant un dispositif de revêtement de fibres (3), un dispositif de plastification avec une vis sans fin unique ou une vis sans fin double ainsi qu'un dispositif de moulage,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de revêtement de fibres (3) présente une chambre (4) à travers laquelle des faisceaux de fibres (2a) peuvent être dirigés et à travers laquelle un écoulement constitué d'un mélange poudre-air peut être dirigé, que le dispositif de revêtement de fibres (3) présente en outre un canal d'air (6) raccordé à la chambre (4) et doté d'un tube de venturi (9), à travers lequel de l'air ionisé peut être dirigé vers le tube de venturi (9) et peut être dirigé à travers celui-ci, et que le dispositif de revêtement de fibres (3) présente un réservoir de poudre (12) avec un convoyeur à vis sans fin (13), dans lequel l'extrémité de sortie du convoyeur à vis sans fin (13) est ainsi agencée que de la poudre (11) transportée par le convoyeur à vis sans fin (13) peut pénétrer dans le tube de venturi (9) et peut se mélanger à l'air ionisé pour produire un écoulement constitué d'un mélange poudre-air.
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5,
    caractérisé en ce que
    la chambre (4) présente une membrane (5) sur sa face supérieure, laquelle est perméable à l'air, mais est imperméable à la poudre (11) sortant du réservoir de poudre (12).
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 5 à 6,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    un dispositif de chauffage (8) est prévu dans ou sur le canal d'air (6), lequel est disposé de préférence avant le tube de venturi (9) dans le sens d'écoulement.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 à 7,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    un dispositif d'ionisation est prévu pour pouvoir produire de l'air ionisé.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 à 8,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de moulage présente un outil d'extrusion ou un outil de moulage par injection.
  10. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications 5 à 9,
    caractérisé en ce qu'
    un tube (17) est prévu, dont l'une extrémité est posée sur le fond de la chambre (4) et dont l'autre extrémité opposée débouche dans une ouverture du dispositif de plastification, de préférence dans l'ouverture de passage des fibres.
EP18704010.0A 2017-02-23 2018-02-08 Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de pièces moulées en matière plastique renforcées par des fibres Active EP3585586B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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DE102017103757.8A DE102017103757B4 (de) 2017-02-23 2017-02-23 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Herstellung von faserverstärkten Kunststoff-Formteilen
PCT/EP2018/053193 WO2018153682A1 (fr) 2017-02-23 2018-02-08 Procédé et dispositif pour la fabrication de pièces moulées en matière plastique renforcées par des fibres

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DE102021001601A1 (de) 2021-03-26 2022-09-29 Blach Verwaltungs GmbH + Co. KG Vorrichtung zum Einzug eines Schüttgut aufweisenden Materials dessen Gleit- und/oder Rutschhemmung erhöht wird sowie Verfahren zur Erhöhung der Gleit- und/oder Rutschhemmung

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DE102017103757B4 (de) 2019-07-18
CN110382197B (zh) 2021-11-02
JP2020510544A (ja) 2020-04-09
DE102017103757A1 (de) 2018-08-23
US11186025B2 (en) 2021-11-30
US20190381713A1 (en) 2019-12-19
WO2018153682A1 (fr) 2018-08-30
EP3585586A1 (fr) 2020-01-01
CN110382197A (zh) 2019-10-25

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