Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
  • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
  • F42B12/04—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type
  • F42B12/10—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge
  • F42B12/16—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect of armour-piercing type with shaped or hollow charge in combination with an additional projectile or charge, acting successively on the target
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B1/00—Explosive charges characterised by form or shape but not dependent on shape of container
  • F42B1/02—Shaped or hollow charges
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B12/00—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material
  • F42B12/02—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect
  • F42B12/36—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information
  • F42B12/46—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances
  • F42B12/50—Projectiles, missiles or mines characterised by the warhead, the intended effect, or the material characterised by the warhead or the intended effect for dispensing materials; for producing chemical or physical reaction; for signalling ; for transmitting information for dispensing gases, vapours, powders or chemically-reactive substances by dispersion
  • F42B12/52—Fuel-air explosive devices
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
  • F42B—EXPLOSIVE CHARGES, e.g. FOR BLASTING, FIREWORKS, AMMUNITION
  • F42B15/00—Self-propelled projectiles or missiles, e.g. rockets; Guided missiles

Definitions

• the invention relates to a cumulative-thermobaric shot to be used in combat actions (hostilities) to destroy all types of armored and motorized transport equipment, the enemy's live force and firing equipment located in open areas, in trenches and field shelters, in brick and concrete facilities/structures.
• a tandem-cumulative ammunition is known, being the subject of Patent US 5 415 105, whose structure includes a housing with a primary cumulative charge fitted in it with a cumulative concavity oriented toward the front of the housing.
• Patent publication DE3942841 disclosing a tandem munition where the primary charge has a piezoelectric impact blower, which contains a contact/impact shock sensor, designed to generate the ignition voltage needed to ignite the detonator.
• the ignition voltage of the detonator occurs when, in a collision at (with) the target, the emerging shock wave triggers the contact impact sensor.
• the piezo-elements in the impact blower are used as sensors.
• Patent publications DE 114 5522 or US 289 4457, are known, related to a piezoelectric contact blower, which describe the way a piezoelectric contact blower operates.
• tandem-cumulative warhead known, subject of BG 63851 Bl patent publication, related to a tandem-cumulative warhead, the construction of which comprises of a composite housing, hosting the forearm and the primary warhead, with two co-axial cumulative charges comprising two autonomous, not inter-dependent piezoelectric explosive devices, located in the inner space of the housing of the cumulative warhead; the rear end of the housing has a drive mechanism connected to it - the mechanism has a motor and starting gunpowder charge and stabilizers.
• the disadvantage of the invention is the small distance between the forearm and the primaiy warhead, as a result of which the detonation products of the forearm have a significant, dominant influence on the time and the manner of forming the cumulative jet flow (spurt) caused by the actuation of the primary cumulative charge.
• the utility model's task is to provide/offer a cumulative-thermobaric shot of simplified and production-related technology construction, an increased range of shooting and of better accuracy when hitting the targets, by ensuring effective destruction of all types of armored and motorized transport equipment, the enemy's live force (soldiers) and firing equipment located in open areas, trenches and concealments of field-like type or in brick and concrete structures.
• a cumulative-thermobaric shot which includes a composite housing comprising of fairing and a cumulative warhead located behind it, with a piezoelectric generator located in the inner space of the warhead housing; the piezoelectric generator is electrically connected to the bottom blasting device of the cumulative warhead, and an actuator consisting of a jet engine and a starter gunpowder charge with stabilizers is mounted to the rear end of the warhead housing.
• the cumulative and therrnobaric warheads are located together in the composite housing; and the cumulative warhead is rigidly connected by a coupling bushing to the coupling cone and mounted in the inner space of the theraiobaric warhead to the bottom of which the jet engine is connected to, while the piezoelectric generator is connected to a current-conducting element located in the coupling cone.
• a sealing plug located in the inner space of the theraiobaric warhead is rigidly mounted at the rear end of the cumulative warhead.
• the cumulative warhead is located coaxially inside the thermobaric warhead.
• the coupling bushing is formed gradually, in a cylindrical form, and the fairing, the housing of the cumulative warhead and the coupling cone of the thermobaric warhead are rigidly fixed to it.
• the conducting element has a conical shape; the fairing and the coupling cone are rigidly fixed to the coupling bushing at the rear end of which the cumulative warhead is rigidly mounted to.
• the cumulative-thermobaric warhead consists of a housing, a coupling cone and a fairing, all coupled in one by a coupling bushing, and a threaded opening is formed in front of the fairing, and the piezoelectric generator of the bottom blasting device is mounted to it - connected by the means of a electricity-conducting element located in the internal space of the fairing and the coupling cone, and a cumulative unit (consisting of a cumulative funnel with a conductor with an opening angle of 60° and with a variable wall thickness progressively increasing from the top to the base) is air-tightly mounted in the rear part of the coupling bushing.
• the internal volume of the thermobaric warhead includes a conical-spherical screen made of inert material mounted behind the cumulative funnel, pressed together into the explosive substance.
• the cumulative-thermobaric warhead is suitable to be filled with a caliber of not more than 105 mm, while the cumulative warhead has a caliber of not more than 60 mm.
• the cumulative-thermobaric shot has significant advantages in terms of simplified technological design (construction) and improved effectiveness in terms of target hitting. Incorporating the cumulative unit in the thermobaric warhead, on the one hand, enables the cumulative unit to be used as the trigger element for the thermobaric mix from the thermobaric - when the shot encounters with the hit target, and on the other hand, it constructively provides a double - cumulative and thermobaric - action when hitting the targets.
• thermobaric warheads by means of the coupling bushing whose bond is suitable to be rigid. These qualities of it allow it to bear the deformation effects of the contact action when encountering with the target and at the same time to generate an electrical impulse from the piezoelectric generator and to launch the bottom explosive device; the formed detonation pulse on the one hand forms a cumulative airflow from the cumulative warhead, and from the other side, it detonates the thermobaric mix, located in the space between the housing of the cumulative warhead and the inner space of the housing of the thermobaric warhead.
• another advantage of the cumulative-thermobaric shot is related to the improved aerodynamic parameters of the structure whose stabilization on the trajectory is mainly due to the rigid connection between the housing of the thermobaric warhead to the jet engine and the starter gunpowder charge with the stabilizers.
• the starter gunpowder motor with stabilizers launches (shoots) the cumulative- thermobaric shot from a grenade launcher under the influence of a dynamo-reactive force, whereby, thanks to the stabilizer located at the rear part of the shot, the flight gets stabilized along its trajectory through the resulting stabilizing torque and the angular speed, while the jet engine accelerates the shot during (in) the active stretch of the trajectory.
• thermobaric warhead A high degree of airtightness of the cumulative unit and of the thermobaric warhead as a whole is constructively provided in the proposed cumulative-thermobaric warhead, thus achieving effective functionality as well as the intended/provided usage and utilization.
• Fig.l general view of the cumulative-thermobaric shot, subject of the invention.
• Fig.2 general view of the cumulative-thermobaric shot in flight mode.
• Fig.3 general view with a partial section of the cumulative-thermobaric warhead.
• the cumulative-thermobaric shot - according to the invention - consists of a cumulative- thermobaric warhead 1, and an actuator (drive) unit is connected to the rear part of it.
• the unit consists of a jet engine 2 and a starter gunpowder engine 3 connected to it, comprising of a stabilizer 4 ( Figures 1, 2).
• the cumulative-thermobaric warhead 1 has been made as a compound housing, comprising of a fairing 5 located in the front part, and a cumulative warhead 6 is located behind it.
• the warhead 6 is mounted - using a coupling bushing 7 - to a coupling cone 8, while the bushing 7 is located in the inner space of the conical-cylindrical housing of the thermobaric warhead 9, and the jet engine 2 is connected to the bottom part of it (9).
• the coupling bushing 7 has been made gradually, having a cylindrical shape at various levels, made with inner and outer threading - respectively. In its essence, this is a connecting element between the cumulative warhead 6, the coupling cone 8 and the housing of the thermobaric warhead 9.
• the coupling cone 8 is rigidly connected to the housing 9, made in a cylindrical-conical shape, and the cumulative warhead 6 is located in its (9) inner space.
• Such a construction forming of the coupling bushing 7 allows the forming of a rigid, firm connection between the aforesaid elements, and at time of shot they are burdened and carry the dynamic deformation effects when encountering with the cumulative-thermobaric shot with the target.
• the threading units in the construction of the cumulative-thermobaric warhead have been designed in a way to provide airtightness of the units and the construction as a whole - by means of sealing rings.
• the cumulative warhead 6 has been made in a caliber of up to 60 mm and consists of a piezoelectric generator 10 (located in its frontal part), connected to a current-conducting element 11, located in the fairing 5 and the coupling cone 8. It is preferable, if the current-conducting element 11 and the fairing 5 have a conical shape (Figure 3).
• the fairing 5 is rigidly connected to the coupling bushing 7, and the housing of the thermobaric warhead 9 is mounted to it - and a cumulative unit (comprising of a cumulative funnel with a conductor 12 and a screen 13, pressed within the explosive substance 14) is located in its inner space.
• the cumulative funnel 12 has been made with a variable wall thickness progressively increasing from the top to the base, and the screen 13 is located behind it.
• the screen 13 is symmetrically pressed in the explosive substance 14.
• the bottom blasting device 15 is mounted behind the screen 13, while the sealing plug 16 is mounted at the rear part of the cumulative warhead 6, providing the necessary airtightness of the cumulative warhead 6 in regards to the thermobaric mix 17, located in the thermobaric warhead 9, closed in its rear part by an airtight plug 19.
• the screen 13 is located between the cumulative funnel with the conductor 12 and the detonator of the bottom blasting device 15.
• the geometrical parameters and the conical-spherical shape of the screen 13 have taken into consideration its functional purpose of use, and in combination with the configuration of the cumulative funnel with the conductor 12, the housing 9, the type of the explosive substance 14, its energy/power parameters and their mutual location, it deforms and manages the front of the detonation wave, formed by the detonation of the explosive substance 14, thus forming a cumulative airflow of certain geometrical and energy/power parameters.
• the screen 13 is suitably to be made of an inert material with the option (possibility) of deformation; its purpose of use is to change and manage the front of the detonation wave, formed with the launch of the explosive substance 14.
• the so formed front of the detonation wave is similar closely to the parallel of the profile of the outer one formed by the cumulative funnel with the conductor 12, and dynamically deforming it, thus enhances the forming of a cumulative airflow from the cumulative warhead 6 of certain kinetic and energy/power parameters; and in parallel to this, it detonates the thermobaric mix 17 - at the place of contact an area of high pressure and high temperature is formed.
• the cumulative-thermobaric warhead 1 should preferably have a caliber not larger than 105 mm, while the cumulative warhead 6 is made with a caliber of up to 60 mm. It is preferable to use explosive substance 14, characterized with density of (from) 1.76 to 1.8 g/cm 3 and detonation speed of not less than 8000 m/s.
• the bulletproofness of the cumulative warhead 4 on a homogeneous armored steel is not less than 300 mm.
• the use of the described cumulative-thermobaric shot may be presented the following way: after placing the cumulative-thermobaric shot in the grenade launcher and producing a shot, a dynamo-reactive force is created as a result of the gases generated by the gunpowder starter engine 3. This force drives the cumulative-thermobaric shot forward in the direction of the target.
• a rotary motion with an angular velocity of 7...8 turns/sec. and an initial take-off speed from the grenade launcher mouth of not less than 70 m/s is transmitted to the shot.
• the pyro-delay ignition device of the jet engine 2 is triggered, and as a result of the reactive force thus created, the shot accelerates and reaches a maximum speed in the active area of its trajectory of approximately 70...80 meters from the launch and having the shot reach the target and the cumulative-thermobaric warhead 1 hit it (the target).
• the operation of the jet engine 2 is approximately 0.7...074 s in a temperature range of - 50°C to + 50°C. When observing these parameters, one has a straight shot provided at a distance of not less than 250 m.
• the piezoelectric generator 10 of the cumulative warhead 6 When the cumulative-thermobaric shot meets with the barrier, the piezoelectric generator 10 of the cumulative warhead 6 generates an electrical impulse which over an electric circuit (a conductive cone 11, a cumulative funnel with a conductor 12, upper contact of the bottom blasting device 19 on the one hand, and on the other, the chain consists of the fairing 5, the coupling bushing 7, the housing 9 of the cumulative warhead and a pressing nut of the bottom blasting device 7, not shown in the figures, and the housing of the bottom blasting device 15), is transmitted to a spark electric detonator (not shown in the figures) of the bottom blasting device 15, and then a detonating impulse is transmitted to the explosive substance 14 of the cumulative charge.
• an electric circuit a conductive cone 11, a cumulative funnel with a conductor 12, upper contact of the bottom blasting device 19 on the one hand, and on the other, the chain consists of the fairing 5, the coupling bushing 7, the housing 9 of the cumulative warhead and a pressing nut of
• the thus-formed spherical front of the detonation wave is spread along the bursting charge, perambulating the conical-spherical shape of the screen 13, thereby altering its shape and parameters.
• the formed new front of the detonation wave front fits (perambulates) quite closely to the profile of the cumulative funnel 12 by dynamically deforming it and forming a cumulative airflow.
• the formed cumulative airflow interacts with the barrier and breaks it through.
• the released from the detonation products of the cumulative warhead 6 energy detonates the thermobaric mix 17 contained in the housing 9.
• a high pressure and temperature front is formed in the area of operation as part of the thermobaric effect penetrates through the opening created by the cumulative warhead 6 when interacting with the target. The remaining part affects the outer area of the target thus creating double cumulative-thermobaric action.
• thermobaric effect on the cumulative action of the cumulative warhead 6 is determined by the differences in the speeds of the running processes, the cumulative airflow being formed at a speed in the range of 10...12 km/s, while the formed detonation wave front for initiation of the thermobaric mix from the detonation of the bottom blasting device 15 and the explosive substance 14 spreads with a detonation speed of 7.6...8 km/s.
• thermobaric warhead 18 - Airtight plug of the thermobaric warhead

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
• Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
• Dispersion Chemistry (AREA)
• Aerodynamic Tests, Hydrodynamic Tests, Wind Tunnels, And Water Tanks (AREA)
• Radar Systems Or Details Thereof (AREA)
• Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Priority Applications (2)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Publications (2)

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• 2018
  • 2018-01-31 EP EP18705815.1A patent/EP3577413B1/de active Active
  • 2018-01-31 PL PL18705815.1T patent/PL3577413T3/pl unknown
  • 2018-01-31 ES ES18705815T patent/ES2966359T3/es active Active
  • 2018-01-31 SI SI201831034T patent/SI3577413T1/sl unknown
  • 2018-01-31 RS RS20231123A patent/RS64923B1/sr unknown
  • 2018-01-31 EA EA201991773A patent/EA201991773A1/ru unknown
  • 2018-01-31 WO PCT/BG2018/000009 patent/WO2018141031A1/en not_active Ceased

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