EP3570984B1 - Two-fluid nozzle, spray head and method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a two-substance nozzle atomizing a mixture of spraying agent and spray air, which is connected to at least one supply channel, via which the mixture or the spraying agent can be supplied to the two-substance nozzle, a valve being arranged between this supply channel and a nozzle outlet of the two-substance nozzle. The invention also relates to a spray head for cooling lubrication of at least one die of a forming machine having a lower die and an upper die, in particular a die forging press, which is introduced between two working strokes in a working space between the lower and upper die and which carries at least one corresponding two-component nozzle. In addition, the invention relates to a method for atomizing a mixture of spray and spray air by means of a two-substance nozzle, in which the mixture or the spray medium is fed to the two-substance nozzle via a feed channel and a valve and is sprayed out via a nozzle outlet of the two-substance nozzle.

Such spray heads and two-fluid nozzles are for example from the US6691932 , of the FR 2 115 663 A5 , DE 10 2006 004 107 B1 or also from the DE 195 11 272 A1 known. In the latter two arrangements, the spray heads are essentially constructed from a multi-layer plate arrangement, through which separate supply channels for the spraying agent and the spray air as well as corresponding valves, in particular diaphragm valves, and supply channels for control fluid, by means of which the diaphragm valves can be controlled, are provided. The plate-like spray heads are relatively narrow, so that they can also get into smaller spaces between the dies. However, the variability in the use of these spray heads is limited.

A spray head, which the US 2004/217212 A1 discloses, since the individual two-substance nozzles are individually and individually adjustable here.

The still unpublished approach reveals a completely different approach in this regard PCT / DE2016 / 100316 , in which the individual nozzles cannot be adjusted separately, but spray heads with individually aligned two-substance nozzles can be provided quickly and easily by a very simple manufacturing process. In addition, solutions are disclosed there by means of which dripping or other undesired fluid accumulations are to be avoided. This includes in particular a valve, which is arranged in the immediate vicinity of the respective two-substance nozzles and, apart from the movable assemblies, is ultimately formed in one piece with the respective two-substance nozzle. As a result, the disadvantages of US 2004/217212 A1 can be avoided in which there is a considerable path between an associated valve and the associated nozzle outlet, transitions between different assemblies also having to be overcome here.

It is an object of the present invention to provide a generic two-substance nozzle and a corresponding spray head and a method for atomizing a mixture of spray and spray air by means of a two-substance nozzle, in which the two-substance nozzle can be provided as simply and reliably as possible and can also be operated reliably with regard to dripping.

The object of the invention is achieved by a two-substance nozzle, a spray head and a method with the features of the independent claims. Further, possibly also independent, advantageous configurations can be found in the subclaims and the following description.

Thus, a two-substance nozzle atomizing a mixture of spray agent and spray air, which is connected to at least one feed channel, via which the mixture or the spray agent can be fed to the two-substance nozzle, a valve being arranged between this feed channel and a nozzle outlet of the two-substance nozzle that the two-component nozzle has a one-piece nozzle body and comprises the nozzle outlet and a movable assembly of the valve is fastened to the nozzle body by means of a fastening body and / or is clamped against the nozzle body by means of a spring device. On the one hand, such a configuration enables the advantages which are present in the arrangement according to FIG PCT / DE2016 / 100316 are disclosed in that a nozzle can be provided simply and reliably in accordance with the individual requirements, but a high level of tightness is achieved by fastening the movable assembly of the valve by means of the separate fastening body or by tensioning the movable assembly of the valve by means of a spring device against the nozzle body guaranteed and in particular dripping can be reduced to a minimum.

Also a spray head for cooling lubrication of at least one die and a forming machine having a lower die and an upper die, in particular a die forging press, which between two working strokes into a working space between Lower and upper die is introduced and carries at least one such two-component nozzle, can be provided in a correspondingly simple and reliable manner and can also be operated reliably with regard to dripping.

A two-substance nozzle can also be provided as simply and reliably as possible and can also be operated reliably with regard to dripping if there is a method for atomizing a mixture of spraying agent and spray air by means of a two-substance nozzle, in which the mixture or the spraying agent is supplied to the two-substance nozzle via a supply channel and a valve and is sprayed out via a nozzle outlet of the two-substance nozzle, characterized in that a movable assembly of the valve is pressed against the nozzle body by means of a fastening body and / or by means of a spring device.

Moving away from the solution after the PCT / DE2016 / 100316 , which essentially relies on a one-piece design of the nozzle body and the valve, apart from the movable assembly, in the present case the movable assembly is pressed against the nozzle body by means of a separate fastening body or fastened to the nozzle body. This results in a considerable simplification of assembly, since the movable assembly can only be introduced after the nozzle body has been formed, the movable assembly then being able to be fastened to the nozzle body by means of the fastening body. It goes without saying that such a fastening preferably still allows sufficient flexibility of the assembly that it can still fulfill its intended function as a movable assembly of the valve, for example sufficient opening and closing.

It goes without saying here that when the fastening bodies are produced as a separate assembly, they can easily be molded simultaneously with the nozzle body or with the rest of the spray head, so that ultimately no additional process step or only minimal additional process steps are necessary during production.

The movable assembly can be fastened or pressed on by means of the fastening body, in particular, in such a way that the movable assembly lies in a sealing area on the nozzle body, in order, for example, to remove the feed channel which leads the mixture or the spray to the nozzle outlet via the valve a space in which, for example, a control fluid can be found. On the other hand, it is conceivable that the movable assembly is fastened relatively loosely to the nozzle body by the fastening body, while sealing measures, for example, are necessary Separation of the mixture or the spraying agent of the two-substance nozzle supply channel from other channels or spaces are provided elsewhere.

If the movable assembly is tensioned or pressed against the nozzle body by means of a spring device, depending on the specific configuration of the spring force and the spring device, the movable assembly of the valve can be pressed sufficiently tightly against the nozzle body in all operating situations, so that any dimensional accuracy or tolerances only limited consideration is required. On the other hand, the spring forces or the spring device can be selected in such a way that a valve actuation, for example by a control fluid, is supported or that the valve can open or close independently against the pressure in the feed channel supplying the mixture or the spraying agent to the two-substance nozzle . Depending on the specific configuration, this can simplify the actuation of the valve, for example by using smaller cross-sections for control lines or by using extremely expedient control methods.

In particular, the fastening body can fasten the spring device to the nozzle body, since spring devices, in particular if they are provided via a 3D printing method, can only be provided in the relaxed state and then still have to be tensioned in one assembly step. Accordingly, it is conceivable to design the spring device and the fastening body in one piece and, when fastening the fastening body to the nozzle body, also to fasten the spring device there and to preload them accordingly. Conversely, it is also conceivable to design the spring device in one piece with the nozzle body and then to pretension it by the fastening device, in that the movable assembly is then attached to the spring device.

In this respect, it is advantageous if the fastening body absorbs opposing forces from the spring device. This can also be a gas pressure, for example, if a gas pressure spring is used. Likewise, these can be directly acting spring forces when mechanical springs are used. It does not matter whether these mechanical springs are designed as a separate assembly or in one piece with the fastening body.

The valve, which is arranged between the feed channel feeding the mixture or the spraying agent of the two-substance nozzle and the nozzle outlet of the two-substance nozzle, can preferably be opened and closed by a pressure in this feed channel, which can be implemented in particular if a corresponding movable assembly, such as a Valve cover or a valve membrane, from the other side with a corresponding spring pressure. This spring pressure is then preferably selected such that at a selected spray pressure, which is supplied in the feed channel through which the mixture or the spray medium is fed to the two-component nozzle, there is a sufficiently high pressure that exceeds a selected limit pressure, so that the valve opens, and that Valve closes when the pressure falls below this limit. In this way, the valve can be controlled by controlling the pressure in this supply channel, so that a separate supply channel for control fluid, which also has to be controlled accordingly for opening and closing via a separate valve, can be dispensed with. If necessary, a gas pressure spring can also be used as the spring device, which is operated, for example, at a certain pressure of a control fluid. If the pressure in the feed channel, via which the mixture or the spray medium is fed to the two-component nozzle, then exceeds the pressure of the control fluid, the movable assembly of the valve can accordingly be opened. It closes when the pressure drops again.

It goes without saying that the spring device can also only be used in a supporting manner in addition to the use of a switched control fluid, so that only lower pressures and consequently also lower volume flows are required for the control fluid, which can then also necessitate correspondingly smaller valves for the control fluid.

Depending on the specific implementation, in particular, for example, when using a control fluid, it may be desirable to connect the fastening body to the nozzle body in a sufficiently gas-tight or sealed manner, which may require reworking, since the surfaces are relatively rough, for example, in 3D printing are. As an alternative to this, for example sealing elements, such as sealing rings or the like, or also sealing means or adhesives can be brought between the nozzle body and the fastening body in order in this way to produce sufficient tightness. Since in many specific embodiments the fastening body no longer needs to be removed from the nozzle body after assembly, adhesive connections which can no longer be undone without destruction can certainly be used in this regard.

In addition, it is also conceivable that the fastening body is or is not detachably connected to the nozzle body in a non-destructive manner.

In particular, the two-component nozzle and the valve, apart from the movable assemblies of the valve and the fastening body, and any adhesives or sealants, such as for example, a sealing ring can be formed in one piece. This necessitates a particularly simple possibility of manufacturing the two-component nozzle or a corresponding spray head, in particular also by means of 3D printing.

As already explained above, it is advantageous if the fastening body is tightly connected to the nozzle body. This applies in particular when the valve is to be switched with a control fluid or against the gas pressure of a control fluid, so that the fastening body can have a sealing effect here against an escape of the control fluid. As already mentioned above, sealants or adhesives can be used for this purpose.

The movable assembly is preferably a valve cover of the valve, which can in particular also be designed as a membrane. The movable assembly can also be a pressure spring, by means of which, for example, a further movable assembly, such as the valve cover, can be pressed against the nozzle body.

In order to avoid possible dripping as effectively as possible, or to minimize the risk of such dripping, it is advantageous if the distance between the nozzle outlet and the valve is not more than 10 times the maximum diameter of the nozzle outlet. In this way, the amount of water remaining between the valve and the nozzle outlet is relatively small when the valve is closed. Such a small amount of water can then be removed, for example, by the negative pressure which can still be provided in the two-component nozzle by the spray air or by the second stream of the two-component nozzle. Further dripping is then effectively prevented by the valve or its effect is minimized.

Dripping can also be avoided or the risk of dripping minimized if the two-substance nozzle between the valve and the nozzle outlet has a straight path for the mixture or the spraying agent, so that the risk of any fluid accumulation of the spraying agent in the path between the valve and the nozzle outlet, the could possibly lead to undesired dripping, can be minimized.

Overall, it is advantageous if the individual two-substance nozzles are designed to be as small as possible, so that the spray pattern can be selected very individually. Such a small configuration also ensures corresponding advantages in the tightness of the valve with a simple configuration of the two-component nozzle. Larger arrangements are subject to much more complex boundary conditions. Accordingly, it is advantageous if the The diameter of the nozzle outlet is less than 20 mm. This means that the diameter of the spray medium outlet is accordingly preferably less than 18 mm.

Cumulatively or alternatively, it is advantageous if the diameter of the nozzle outlet is greater than 0.5 mm, since in the case of smaller arrangements a more complex nozzle structure may appear necessary in order to ensure atomization via the two-substance nozzle in a sufficiently reliable manner. In this respect, it is accordingly advantageous if the spray agent outlet has a diameter greater than 0.4 mm.

It goes without saying that the features of the solutions described above or in the claims can also be combined, if appropriate, in order to be able to implement the advantages in a correspondingly cumulative manner.

Figur 1

einen Sprühkopf in perspektivischer Ansicht mit mehreren Zweistoffdüsen;

Figur 2

einen schematischen Schnitt durch eine der Zweistoffdüsen des Sprühkopfs nach Figur 1; und

Figur 3

eine schematische Seitenansicht einer als Gesenkschmiedepresse ausgebildeten Umformmaschine mit einem an einem Sprüharm befindlichen Sprühkopf.

Further advantages, aims and properties of the present invention are explained on the basis of the following description of exemplary embodiments, which are also shown in particular in the attached drawing. The drawing shows:

Figure 1

a spray head in perspective view with several two-substance nozzles;

Figure 2

a schematic section through one of the two-component nozzles of the spray head Figure 1 ; and

Figure 3

is a schematic side view of a forming machine designed as a drop forging press with a spray head located on a spray arm.

The in Figure 1 The spray head 10 shown has an upper side 12 and an underside 14, on the one hand comprising a two-part housing 70 which in a first part has two-substance nozzles 30 and corresponding feed channels 40 and in a second part two-substance nozzles 30 and corresponding feed channels 40 , on the other hand has a spray head foot 50 which carries a plurality of supply connections 55, these corresponding to the required control option being combined in the spray head foot 50 starting from the housing 70.

In the present specific exemplary embodiment, the feed channels 40 serve as spray medium channels 45, spray air channels 46 or control channels 47 (see Figure 2 ), in the spray head foot 50 the control channels 47 and spray air channels 46 are combined for the upper part of the housing 70 and the lower part of the housing 70 in the supply connections 55 and the spray medium ducts 45 are led out individually as supply connections 55, so that these are individually and can be pressurized with a spray medium pressure via separate valves.

The two parts of the housing 17 each have a substantially semicircular mist nozzle 80, which serves to secure the spray head 10 if it is exposed to high temperatures.

The individual two-substance nozzles 30 are each designed as Laval nozzles 31 and comprise a one-piece nozzle body 32, which in each case forms a spray air outlet 33 and a spray medium outlet 34 of the Laval nozzle 31 and merges in one piece into the feed channels 40, which have a spray medium channel 45, a spray air channel 46 and a control channel 47 each include. The spray air channels 46 and the control channels 47 are each brought together in the spray head 10.

A valve 60 is formed on the nozzle body 32, which has a membrane-like valve cover 65, which is pressed against the nozzle body by a fastening body 61 and a spring device 69 or is fastened to the latter.

A sealing ring 62 is provided between the fastening body 61 and the nozzle body 32, so that the fastening body 61 closes the control channel 47 on the one hand and thus provides a spring device 69 acting as a gas spring and on the other hand presses the valve cover 65 on the outside of the valve cover 65 tightly against the nozzle body 32 .

If the pressure in the spray medium channel 45 now exceeds the pressure in the control channel 47, the valve cover 65 opens against the gas pressure of the spring device 69. If the pressure is reduced accordingly, the valve 60 closes due to the higher pressure in the control channel 47 or in the spring device 69.

It goes without saying that instead of designing the spring device 69 as a gas pressure spring, a conventional spiral spring or a plate spring can also be used at this point, for example. The corresponding mechanical spring can then be pressed against the valve cover 65, for example by the fastening body 61, in order in this way to provide the spring force. It goes without saying that the fastening body 61 and the mechanical spring device can then also be formed in one piece with one another if necessary.

In a different embodiment, the control duct 47 can also be separated from the spray air duct 46. Then, if necessary, the spray medium channels 45 are preferably combined to form a common or two supply connections 55, in order to be able to lead out the control channels 47 individually and to control them in a targeted manner.

As in Figure 2 As can be seen, the spray air outlet 33 also defines a nozzle outlet 35 with a diameter 36, the distance 39 between the nozzle outlet 35 and the valve 60 being approximately 3 times the diameter 36 of the nozzle outlet 35. Depending on the specific implementation, the distance 39 can be selected between 0.5 times and 10 times the diameter 36 of the nozzle outlet 35.

The spray head 10 can, for example, in the Figure 3 schematically shown forming machine 24 are used, which is designed as a drop forging press and comprises two dies 20, a lower die 21 and an upper die 22, which can be moved towards and away from one another by means of a press cylinder 25.

For this purpose, the forming machine 24 comprises a lower yoke 26 and an upper yoke 27, which are spaced apart from one another via tie rods 28, the tie rods 28 being able to counteract the press forces which the press cylinder 25 applies.

A movable yoke 29 is guided on the tie rods 28, which can be moved accordingly by the press cylinder 25 for pressing and to which the upper die 22 is fastened, so that the upper die 22 is attached to the lower die 21 with each working stroke, which is arranged on the lower yoke 26 , pressing can be lowered.

As can be seen immediately, there is a working space 23 between two working strokes between the lower and upper dies 21, 22.

Depending on the specific configuration, what is known per se, the tools, in particular the dies 20, must be lubricated and / or blown out, in particular if workpieces are produced in a continuously repeating manner, in order to ensure proper functioning.

The spray head 10, which can be inserted into the working space 23 via a spray arm 18, is then used for this purpose. Reference symbol list: 10th spray nozzle 35 Nozzle outlet 12th Top 36 Diameter of the nozzle outlet 35 14 bottom 39 Distance between nozzle outlet 35 and valve 60 18th Spray arm 20 Die 40 Feed channel (numbered as an example) 21 Lower die 45 Spray channel 22 Upper die 46 Spray air duct 23 working space 47 Control channel 24th Forming machine 25th Press cylinder 50 Spray head foot 26 Unterjoch 55 Supply connection 27 Oberjoch 28 Tie rod 60 Valve 29 movable yoke 61 Fastening body 62 Sealing ring 30th Two-component nozzle (numbered as an example) 65 Valve cover 69 Spring device 31 Laval nozzle 32 Nozzle body 70 casing 33 Spray air outlet 34 Spray agent outlet 80 Mist nozzle

Claims (9)

1. A two-substance nozzle (30) that atomizes a mixture comprised of a spray means and spray air, which is connected with a feed channel (40), via which the mixture or the spray means can be supplied to the two-substance nozzle (30), and which serves as a spray means channel (45) and/or a spray air channel (46), wherein a valve (60) is arranged between this feed channel (40) and a nozzle outlet (35) of the two-substance nozzle (30), characterized in that the two-substance nozzle (30) has an integrally designed nozzle body (32) that comprises the nozzle outlet (35), and a movable assembly of the valve (60) is secured to the nozzle body (32) by means of a fastening body (61) that presses the movable assembly against the nozzle body (32) and/or is tensioned against the nozzle body (32) by means of a spring mechanism (69).
2. A spray head (10) for the cooling lubrication of at least one die (20) of a forming machine (25) having a lower die (21) and an upper die (22), in particular a drop forging press, which is introduced between two working strokes into a work area (23) between the lower and upper dies (21, 22), and carries at least one two-substance nozzle (30) according to claim 1.
3. A method for atomizing a mixture comprised of spray means and spray air using a two-substance nozzle (30), in which the mixture or the spray means is supplied via a feed channel (40) that serves as a spray means channel (45) and/or as a spray air channel (46), and a valve (60) of the two-substance nozzle (30), and atomized via a nozzle outlet (35) of the two-substance nozzle (30), characterized in that a movable assembly of the valve (60) is pressed by means of a fastening body (61) and/or by means of a spring mechanism (69) against an integrally designed nozzle body (32) of the two-substance nozzle (30) comprising the nozzle outlet (35).
4. The two-substance nozzle (30), spray head (10) or method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening body (61) absorbs counter-forces of the spring mechanism (69), and in particular the fastening body (61) and the spring mechanism (69) are integrally designed.
5. The two-substance nozzle (30), spray head (10) or method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the valve (60) arranged between the feed channel (40) that supplies the mixture or spray means to the two-substance nozzle (30) and the nozzle outlet (35) of the two-substance nozzle (30) is opened and closed by a pressure in this feed channel (40).
6. The two-substance nozzle (30), spray head (10) or method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the two-substance nozzle (30) and the valve (60) are internally designed, except for the movable assemblies of the valve (60) and the fastening body (61), and any adhesives or sealants, for example a sealing ring (62).
7. The two-substance nozzle (30), spray head (10) or method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the fastening body (61) is tightly connected with the nozzle body, and/or that the movable assembly is a valve cover (65) and/or a compression spring.
8. The two-substance nozzle (30), spray head (10) or method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the distance between the nozzle outlet (35) and the valve (60) measures no more than 10 times the maximum diameter (36) of the nozzle outlet (35), and/or that the two-substance nozzle (30) has a straight path between the valve (60) and the nozzle outlet (35) for the mixture or the spray means.
9. The two-substance nozzle (30), spray head (10) or method according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the diameter of the nozzle outlet (35) is greater than 0.5 mm and/or less than 20 mm.

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