EP3569397A1 - Device and method for separating materials of varying flowability that are mixed together - Google Patents

Device and method for separating materials of varying flowability that are mixed together Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3569397A1
EP3569397A1 EP19175061.1A EP19175061A EP3569397A1 EP 3569397 A1 EP3569397 A1 EP 3569397A1 EP 19175061 A EP19175061 A EP 19175061A EP 3569397 A1 EP3569397 A1 EP 3569397A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hollow drum
press belt
separate
drum
drive
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP19175061.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3569397B8 (en
EP3569397B1 (en
Inventor
Reinhard Evers
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Nordischer Maschinenbau Rud Baader GmbH and Co KG
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Nordischer Maschinenbau Rud Baader GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3569397A1 publication Critical patent/EP3569397A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3569397B1 publication Critical patent/EP3569397B1/en
Publication of EP3569397B8 publication Critical patent/EP3569397B8/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/24—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using an endless pressing band
    • B30B9/241—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using an endless pressing band co-operating with a drum or roller

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for separating substances mixed with different flowability, comprising a frame, a circumferentially drivable and mounted on the frame hollow drum with perforated lateral surface M, an externally to this under wraps a portion of the circumference of the hollow drum anpressbares, endless press belt, the is rotatably driven, a product-Einzugskeil for supplying a product flow, and a support device for the press belt with at least one support member which is arranged on the opposite side of the hollow drum of the press belt.
  • the invention also relates to a method for separating substances of different flowability mixed with one another, comprising the steps of feeding mixed substances, the separate, into a product-pulling wedge, which is passed through a hollow drum with perforated lateral surface M and a press belt, which is located on the outside of the hollow drum is wrapped around a portion of the circumference, is formed, circulating driving the hollow drum and the press belt for drawing the Separats between the hollow drum and the press belt, wherein the easier flowing components of the separate by means of the press belt through the perforation of the lateral surface M in the inner cavity of Hollow drum pressed and discharged, while the heavier flowing components of the separate remain outside on the lateral surface M of the hollow drum and are discharged separately.
  • Such devices and methods are used in various industries, but especially in the food processing industry.
  • various substances can undergo a Separierlui.
  • the substances to be separated so the pressed material or separating material, which is also referred to as Separate, from the outside by means of the endless press belt pressed against the perforated lateral surface of the hollow drum.
  • the more easily flowing constituents of the pressed material are pressed and discharged through the perforation of the lateral surface into the inner cavity of the rotating hollow drum, while the heavier flowing constituents of the pressed material remain outside on the lateral surface of the hollow drum and are dispensed separately.
  • Accessible to such a separation are substances, materials or products that differ in their composition or by their divergent flow behavior.
  • the possibility and / or necessity of separating mixed substances of different flowability consists e.g. in the utilization of animal carcasses (such as the separation of meat as a light flowing component of the skin, tendons, bones etc. as heavy-flowing constituents) or parts thereof, in the exploitation of fruits and vegetables (such as the separation of the pulp as easily flowing constituent of husk, stalks, kernels, etc. as heavier flowing constituents), in the recovery of improperly packaged foods (such as the separation of butter or cheese as lighter-flowing constituents of the packaging material as a heavier flowing ingredient) or the like.
  • Specific application examples are e.g. the recovery of leftover meat from carcasses or parts thereof, the removal of seeds from dates or the unpacking of foil-wrapped cheese slices.
  • a product stream namely the separate, is conveyed from a product feed area via the product infeed wedge between the press belt and the hollow drum to a product discharge area.
  • the substances of different flowability are separated, in which the lighter-flowing substances, for example, the utilization of the carcasses or parts thereof, the meat, at least partially pressed into the hollow drum and discharged from there.
  • the heavier flowing substances again using the example of the utilization of carcasses or parts thereof, the bones, tendons, skin, etc., are collected in the transport direction T of the product stream behind the hollow drum in the product output area and removed.
  • the drivable press belt which can be driven directly or indirectly, for example, via the support element, is pressed in the region of the loop with a preselected or preset pressure against the lateral surface M of the hollow drum.
  • the hollow drum and the press belt are driven circumferentially.
  • Known devices for separating the separate have for this purpose a common drive for the hollow drum and the press belt. As a result, a predetermined and during operation of the device unchangeable differential speed is set.
  • a differential speed not equal to zero is required in the operating state of the device, ie in the event that Separat between the hollow drum and the press belt is because by the differential speed, eg speed V 1, the hollow drum is low speed V 2nd the press belt, which is rubbed seperately into the perforation of the hollow drum.
  • V 1 the differential speed
  • V 2nd the press belt
  • a different speed of the hollow drum and press belt leads to an uneven running of the device and correspondingly to increased wear, in particular of the press belt.
  • the speed difference leads to an increased load on the support element during idling of the device, whereby the wear of the support element is accelerated.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object to provide a low-wear device with improved performance and Artstown_zu and propose a corresponding method.
  • a device of the type mentioned above comprises at least two separate drives, wherein a drive of the hollow drum and a drive is assigned to the press belt. Due to the separate drive concept, the hollow drum and the press belt can each be driven individually.
  • speed differences between the hollow drum and the press belt not equal to zero and zero can be achieved with the solution according to the invention, on the one hand improved performance and Artstown_der device, ie a higher yield to achieve and on the other hand to reduce the wear, in particular of the press belt and the Stützimplantations_zu.
  • both drives are designed as a geared motor.
  • geared motors a reliable driving of the hollow drum and the press belt is realized at synchronous speed or at different speeds.
  • An expedient embodiment is characterized in that the device comprises a control and / or regulating device, by means of which the drives are separately controllable, such that the hollow drum at a speed V 1 and the press belt at a speed V 2 is drivable.
  • the control and / or regulating device makes it possible to adjust the differential speed individually as a function of external boundary conditions, such as the operating state of the device and / or the amount of the separator and / or the size of the distance between the hollow drum and the press belt.
  • the differential speed is selected to be equal to zero, for example, the speed V 2 of the press belt greater than the speed V 1 of the hollow drum selected to the Separat by means of the faster running press belt in the openings / holes, so to rub the perforation of the hollow drum to achieve a higher yield.
  • the device comprises a detection element which is designed and arranged for detecting the distance between the hollow drum and the press belt, wherein the detection element is connected to the control and / or regulating device.
  • the detection element for example an optical sensor, it can be determined at any time during operation of the device whether and how much is separate between the hollow drum and the press belt so as to individually control and / or accelerate the speeds V 1 and V 2 regulate.
  • the press belt is guided around a plurality of deflection elements, wherein a deflection element is designed and set up as a drive roller.
  • a deflection element is designed and set up as a drive roller.
  • the support element is a support chain which is guided around the drive roller and at least one additional deflection element.
  • a preferred development is characterized in that the support chain for adjusting the pressure from the press belt to the hollow drum is designed and set adjustable. Thus, the wear resistance of the press belt is improved by the press belt is supported flat.
  • the object is also achieved by a method with the steps mentioned above in that the drive speeds V 1 and V 2 of the hollow drum on the one hand and the press belt on the other hand separately and independently controlled and / or regulated.
  • the differential speed V ⁇ between V 1 and V 2 is preferably controlled and / or regulated as a function of the size of the distance between the hollow drum and the press belt in the region of the loop.
  • a particularly preferred development is characterized in that the hollow drum and the press belt at a small distance between hollow drum and press belt, ie in particular idle the device without separate between hollow drum and press belt, rotate at a synchronous speed, while the hollow drum and the press belt at a larger Distance between hollow drum and press belt, so in particular in the operating state with Separate between hollow drum and press belt, rotate at different speeds.
  • the method is carried out with a device according to one or more of claims 1 to 8.
  • the device shown in the drawing is used to separate a Separate, which consists mainly of meat, fat, cartilage, tendons, bones (residues), etc., wherein in particular the meat and fat are considered as more easily flowing components and the cartilage, the Tendons and the bones (residues) are considered as heavier flowing constituents.
  • a Separate which consists mainly of meat, fat, cartilage, tendons, bones (residues), etc., wherein in particular the meat and fat are considered as more easily flowing components and the cartilage, the Tendons and the bones (residues) are considered as heavier flowing constituents.
  • the device is equally applicable for separating other separations and combinations of separations.
  • the illustrated device 10 is designed and arranged for separating substances mixed with different flowability and comprises a frame 11, a circumferentially drivable and mounted on the frame 11 hollow drum 12 with perforated lateral surface M, an externally to this under wrapping a portion of the circumference of the hollow drum 12 pressable, endless press belt 13 which is driven in rotation, a product-Einzugskeil 14 for supplying a product stream, and a support device 15 for the press belt 13 with at least one support member 16 which is disposed on the hollow drum 12 opposite side of the press belt 13.
  • the frame 11 may be a closed or at least partially closed housing, a profile construction or the like. Preferably, the housing is closed on all sides.
  • stripping elements can be arranged in the input area, ie above the product intake wedge 14, and / or in the discharge area, ie in the transport direction T behind the hollow drum 12, which is also referred to as a perforated drum. These stripping elements can be rigid, ie with a fixed distance from the hollow drum 12, or variably controllable, that is variable at a distance from the hollow drum 12, be formed.
  • the hollow drum 12 or perforated drum has holes / openings that can be arranged in different patterns. The number and arrangement of the openings forming the pattern depend in particular on the substances to be processed.
  • This device 10 is inventively characterized in that the device 10 comprises at least two separate drives 17, 18, wherein a drive 17 of the hollow drum 12 and a drive 18 associated with the press belt 13.
  • both drives 17, 18 are designed as geared motors.
  • the device 10 preferably comprises a control and / or regulating device 19, by means of which the drives 17, 18 can be controlled separately, such that the hollow drum 12 can be driven at a speed V 1 and the press belt 13 at a speed V 2 .
  • the control and / or regulating device 19 can be integrated in the device 10 or be part of a superordinate arrangement.
  • the drives 17, 18 are wireless or wired connected to the control and / or regulating device 19.
  • the differential speed ⁇ V can be controlled and / or regulated by individually setting the speeds V 1 and V 2 on the basis of different parameters.
  • the differential speed can be controlled and / or regulated with knowledge of the quantity or the volume of the supplied separate.
  • the distance between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 represents another preferred parameter for controlling and / or regulating the differential speed. If the press belt 13 abuts against the hollow drum 12 (ie, no distance) or has only a small distance, there is little or no no separate between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13, so that a synchronous speed of hollow drum 12 and press belt 13 is preferred. If the distance is greater, that is separate between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 12, a differential speed ⁇ zero is preferred.
  • V 2 > V 1 is then particularly preferred, so that the separator is rubbed through the openings in the lateral surface M of the hollow drum 12. Whether a distance is classified as low (-er) or large (larger) can be determined, for example, via empirical values and stored in a database, which in turn can be in operative connection with the control and / or regulating device 19.
  • the device 10 preferably comprises at least one detection element 20, which is designed and arranged to detect the distance between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13, wherein the detection element 20 is connected to the control and / or regulating device 19.
  • the control and / or regulating device 19 may also include the database.
  • an optical sensor which sends information about the size of the distance to the control and / or regulating device 19 can serve as the detection element 20.
  • other known detection means 20 are also usable.
  • a sensor can also be arranged in the region of the product intake wedge 14 in order to monitor whether and how much is supplied separately.
  • the press belt 13 is guided by a plurality of deflection elements 21, wherein a deflection element 21 is formed and arranged as a drive roller 22.
  • the press belt 13 can be driven directly or be.
  • the drive 18 is assigned to the drive roller 22 directly or via a transmission.
  • the drive roller 22 (in the view according to FIG. 1 ) driven counterclockwise.
  • the drive 17 is the hollow drum 12 also assigned directly or via a transmission.
  • the hollow drum 12 (in the view according to FIG. 1 ) driven clockwise.
  • the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 in the region of the wrap on the same direction of transport.
  • the drive roller 22 is simultaneously formed and set up as a pressure roller for the press belt 13.
  • the drive roller is adjustable.
  • the support member 16 is a support chain 23 which is guided around the drive roller 22 and at least one additional deflection element 24.
  • the drive 18 drives the drive roller 22 and thus the support chain 23.
  • the press belt 13, which rests against the support chain 23 in frictional engagement, is then indirectly driven.
  • the support element 16 serves to press the press belt 13, which is preferably made of an elastic material, against the perforated hollow drum 12.
  • a flat pressure zone is formed in the region of the looping of the hollow drum 12 from the press belt 13.
  • the amount of pressure with which the pressing belt 13 is pressed against the hollow drum 12 or in the direction of the hollow drum (in the case that is separate between the hollow drum 12 and the pressing belt 13) is preferably variable.
  • the support chain 23 by means of the pressure roller for adjusting the pressure from the press belt 13 to the hollow drum 12 is adjustable and set up.
  • the drive roller 22 is also formed as a pressure roller, the adjustment of the position of the pressure roller for Change the contact pressure lead.
  • the adjustment can be linear.
  • a pivot mechanism is provided. This may for example comprise a rocker or the like, which the drive roller 22 is arranged.
  • Other adjusting mechanisms for changing the pressure from the press belt 13 to the hollow drum 12 are also usable.
  • the detection element 20 for determining the size of the distance between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 may also be arranged in the area of the rocker, e.g. to draw conclusions about the change in the position of the rocker conclusions on the distance or to determine.
  • the method according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing: The method is used to separate mixed substances of different flowability.
  • the product intake wedge 14 is formed by a hollow drum 12 with perforated lateral surface M and a press belt 13, which rests from the outside on the hollow drum 12 while wrapping a part of the circumference.
  • the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 are driven in rotation (in the region of the loop, the hollow drum 12 and the press belt on the same direction of transport, so are the same direction with respect to the running direction).
  • the separator is drawn between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13.
  • the press belt 13 deviates and forms a gap in which the separator is located.
  • the pressure of the press belt 13 the more easily flowing constituents of the separator are pressed and removed by means of the press belt 13 through the perforation of the lateral surface M into the inner cavity of the hollow drum 12, while the heavier flowing components of the separate remain on the outer surface M of the hollow drum 12 and be dispensed separately.
  • the method is inventively characterized in that the drive speeds V 1 and V 2 of the hollow drum 12 on the one hand and the press belt 13 on the other hand separately and independently controlled and / or be managed.
  • the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 are each driven by a separate drive 17, 18 circumferentially.
  • the differential speed V ⁇ between V 1 and V 2 is controlled and / or regulated as a function of the size of the distance between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 in the region of the loop. In other words, the size of the distance between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 is determined in the region of the pressing zone.
  • the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 At a small distance between the hollow drum 12 and press belt 13, ie in particular at idle the device 10 without (or little) separate between the hollow drum 12 and press belt 13, the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 at synchronous speed, while the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 at a greater distance between the hollow drum 12 and press belt 13, so in particular in the operating state with separate between the hollow drum 12 and press belt 13, rotate at different speeds.
  • the speeds V 1 and V 2 are thus controlled and / or regulated individually.
  • the method is carried out with a device 10 according to one or more of claims 1 to 8.
  • This device 10 has been described in detail above, and reference is therefore made to avoid repetition on the description of the device 10.

Abstract

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung (10) zum Trennen von miteinander vermischten Stoffen unterschiedlicher Fließfähigkeit, umfassend ein Rahmengestell (11), eine umlaufend antreibbare und am Rahmengestell (11) gelagerte Hohltrommel (12) mit perforierter Mantelfläche M, ein von außen an diese unter Umschlingung eines Teils des Umfangs der Hohltrommel (12) anpressbares, endloses Pressband (13), das umlaufend antreibbar ist, einen Produkt-Einzugskeil (14) zum Zuführen eines Produktstroms, sowie eine Stützvorrichtung (15) für das Pressband (13) mit wenigstens einem Stützelement (16), das auf der der Hohltrommel (12) entgegengesetzten Seite des Pressbandes (13) angeordnet ist, die sich dadurch auszeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (10) mindestens zwei separate Antriebe (17, 18) umfasst, wobei ein Antrieb (17) der Hohltrommel (12) und ein Antrieb (18) dem Pressband (13) zugeordnet ist. Die Erfindung betrifft des Weiteren ein entsprechendes Verfahren.The invention relates to a device (10) for separating mixed materials of different flowability, comprising a frame (11), a circumferentially drivable hollow drum (12) with a perforated outer surface M, which is mounted on the frame (11), and wrapped around it from the outside a part of the circumference of the hollow drum (12) pressable, endless press belt (13) which can be driven circumferentially, a product intake wedge (14) for supplying a product stream, and a support device (15) for the press belt (13) with at least one support element (16), which is arranged on the side of the press belt (13) opposite the hollow drum (12), which is characterized in that the device (10) comprises at least two separate drives (17, 18), one drive (17) the hollow drum (12) and a drive (18) is assigned to the press belt (13). The invention also relates to a corresponding method.

Description

Die Erfindung betrifft eine Vorrichtung zum Trennen von miteinander vermischten Stoffen unterschiedlicher Fließfähigkeit, umfassend ein Rahmengestell, eine umlaufend antreibbare und am Rahmengestell gelagerte Hohltrommel mit perforierter Mantelfläche M, ein von außen an diese unter Umschlingung eines Teils des Umfangs der Hohltrommel anpressbares, endloses Pressband, das umlaufend antreibbar ist, einen Produkt-Einzugskeil zum Zuführen eines Produktstroms, sowie eine Stützvorrichtung für das Pressband mit wenigstens einem Stützelement, das auf der der Hohltrommel entgegengesetzten Seite des Pressbandes angeordnet ist.The invention relates to a device for separating substances mixed with different flowability, comprising a frame, a circumferentially drivable and mounted on the frame hollow drum with perforated lateral surface M, an externally to this under wraps a portion of the circumference of the hollow drum anpressbares, endless press belt, the is rotatably driven, a product-Einzugskeil for supplying a product flow, and a support device for the press belt with at least one support member which is arranged on the opposite side of the hollow drum of the press belt.

Die Erfindung betrifft auch ein Verfahren zum Trennen von miteinander vermischten Stoffen unterschiedlicher Fließfähigkeit, umfassend die Schritte: Zuführen von miteinander vermischten Stoffen, dem Separat, in einen Produkteinzugskeil, der durch eine Hohltrommel mit perforierter Mantelfläche M und ein Pressband, das von außen an der Hohltrommel unter Umschlingung eines Teils des Umfangs anliegt, gebildet ist, umlaufendes Antreiben der Hohltrommel und des Pressbandes zum Einziehen des Separats zwischen die Hohltrommel und das Pressband, wobei die leichter fließenden Bestandteile des Separats mittels des Pressbandes durch die Perforation der Mantelfläche M in den inneren Hohlraum der Hohltrommel gepresst und abgeführt werden, während die schwerer fließenden Bestandteile des Separats außen auf der Mantelfläche M der Hohltrommel verbleiben und separat abgegeben werden.The invention also relates to a method for separating substances of different flowability mixed with one another, comprising the steps of feeding mixed substances, the separate, into a product-pulling wedge, which is passed through a hollow drum with perforated lateral surface M and a press belt, which is located on the outside of the hollow drum is wrapped around a portion of the circumference, is formed, circulating driving the hollow drum and the press belt for drawing the Separats between the hollow drum and the press belt, wherein the easier flowing components of the separate by means of the press belt through the perforation of the lateral surface M in the inner cavity of Hollow drum pressed and discharged, while the heavier flowing components of the separate remain outside on the lateral surface M of the hollow drum and are discharged separately.

Solche Vorrichtungen und Verfahren kommen in verschiedenen Industriebereichen, insbesondere jedoch in der Lebensmittel verarbeitenden Industrie zum Einsatz. Mit den zuvor beschriebenen Vorrichtungen, die auch als Trenneinrichtungen oder Separatoren bezeichnet werden, lassen sich verschiedenartige Stoffe einem Separierprozess unterziehen. Dazu werden die zu trennenden Stoffe, also das Pressgut bzw. Trenngut, das auch als Separat bezeichnet wird, von außen mittels des endlosen Pressbandes gegen die perforierte Mantelfläche der Hohltrommel gedrückt. Unter diesem Druck werden die leichter fließenden Bestandteile des Pressguts durch die Perforation der Mantelfläche in den inneren Hohlraum der rotierenden Hohltrommel gepresst und abgeführt, während die schwerer fließenden Bestandteile des Pressgutes außen auf der Mantelfläche der Hohltrommel verbleiben und separat ausgegeben werden.Such devices and methods are used in various industries, but especially in the food processing industry. With the devices described above, which are also referred to as separators or separators, various substances can undergo a Separierprozess. For this purpose, the substances to be separated, so the pressed material or separating material, which is also referred to as Separate, from the outside by means of the endless press belt pressed against the perforated lateral surface of the hollow drum. Under this pressure, the more easily flowing constituents of the pressed material are pressed and discharged through the perforation of the lateral surface into the inner cavity of the rotating hollow drum, while the heavier flowing constituents of the pressed material remain outside on the lateral surface of the hollow drum and are dispensed separately.

Einer solchen Trennung zugänglich sind Stoffe, Materialien bzw. Produkte, die sich bzw. deren Zusammensetzung sich durch ihr voneinander abweichendes Fließverhalten unterscheiden. Die Möglichkeit und/oder Notwendigkeit der Trennung von miteinander vermischten Stoffen unterschiedlicher Fließfähigkeit besteht z.B. bei der Verwertung von Tierkörpern (etwa der Abtrennung des Fleisches als leichter fließender Bestandteil von der Haut, Sehnen, Knochen bzw. Gräten etc. als schwerer fließende Bestandteile) oder Teilen davon, bei der Verwertung von Obst und Gemüse (etwa der Abtrennung des Fruchtfleisches als leichter fließender Bestandteil von Schale, Stielen, Kernen bzw. Steinen etc. als schwerer fließende Bestandteile), bei der Aufarbeitung von fehlverpackten Lebensmitteln (etwa der Abtrennung von Butter oder Käse als leichter fließende Bestandteile vom Verpackungsmaterial als schwerer fließender Bestandteil) oder dergleichen. Konkrete Anwendungsbeispiele sind z.B. das Gewinnen von Restfleisch von Tierkarkassen oder Teilen davon, das Entkernen von Datteln oder das Entpacken von in Folie verpackten Käsescheiben.Accessible to such a separation are substances, materials or products that differ in their composition or by their divergent flow behavior. The possibility and / or necessity of separating mixed substances of different flowability consists e.g. in the utilization of animal carcasses (such as the separation of meat as a light flowing component of the skin, tendons, bones etc. as heavy-flowing constituents) or parts thereof, in the exploitation of fruits and vegetables (such as the separation of the pulp as easily flowing constituent of husk, stalks, kernels, etc. as heavier flowing constituents), in the recovery of improperly packaged foods (such as the separation of butter or cheese as lighter-flowing constituents of the packaging material as a heavier flowing ingredient) or the like. Specific application examples are e.g. the recovery of leftover meat from carcasses or parts thereof, the removal of seeds from dates or the unpacking of foil-wrapped cheese slices.

Bei der Fleischgewinnung, dem Entkernen oder Entpacken oder jedem anderen entsprechenden Separieren wird ein Produktstrom, nämlich das Separat, ausgehend von einem Produktzuführbereich über den Produkt-Einzugskeil zwischen dem Pressband und der Hohltrommel hindurch zu einem Produktausgabebereich gefördert. Dabei werden die Stoffe unterschiedlicher Fließfähigkeit getrennt, in dem die leichter fließenden Stoffe, am Beispiel der Verwertung der Tierkörper oder Teilen davon das Fleisch, mindestens teilweise in die Hohltrommel gedrückt und von dort abgeführt werden. Die schwerer fließenden Stoffe, wiederum am Beispiel der Verwertung von Tierkörpern oder Teilen davon die Knochen, Sehnen, Haut etc., werden in Transportrichtung T des Produktstroms hinter der Hohltrommel im Produktausgabebereich gesammelt und abgeführt.In meat production, coring or unpacking or any other appropriate separation, a product stream, namely the separate, is conveyed from a product feed area via the product infeed wedge between the press belt and the hollow drum to a product discharge area. The substances of different flowability are separated, in which the lighter-flowing substances, for example, the utilization of the carcasses or parts thereof, the meat, at least partially pressed into the hollow drum and discharged from there. The heavier flowing substances, again using the example of the utilization of carcasses or parts thereof, the bones, tendons, skin, etc., are collected in the transport direction T of the product stream behind the hollow drum in the product output area and removed.

Das antreibbare Pressband, das direkt oder indirekt z.B. über das Stützelement angetrieben werden kann, ist im Bereich der Umschlingung mit einem vorgewählten bzw. voreingestellten Druck gegen die Mantelfläche M der Hohltrommel gedrückt. Um das Separat in den Pressbereich, der im Bereich der Umschlingung der Hohltrommel durch das Pressband gebildet ist, zwischen die Hohltrommel und das Pressband zu führen und für den eigentlichen Trennvorgang zu sorgen, sind die Hohltrommel und das Pressband umlaufend angetrieben. Bekannte Vorrichtungen zum Trennen des Separats weisen hierfür einen gemeinsamen Antrieb für die Hohltrommel und das Pressband auf. Dadurch ist eine vorbestimmte und während des Betriebs der Vorrichtung unveränderbare Differenzgeschwindigkeit eingestellt. Für die optimale Ausbeute des Trennprozesses ist im Betriebszustand der Vorrichtung, also für den Fall, dass sich Separat zwischen der Hohltrommel und dem Pressband befindet, eine Differenzgeschwindigkeit ungleich Null erforderlich, da durch die Differenzgeschwindigkeit, z.B. Geschwindigkeit V1 der Hohltrommel ist kleiner Geschwindigkeit V2 des Pressbandes, das Separat quasi in die Perforation der Hohltrommel gerieben wird. Im Leerlauf der Vorrichtung, also für den Fall, dass sich kein Separat zwischen der Hohltrommel und dem Pressband befindet, führt eine unterschiedliche Geschwindigkeit von Hohltrommel und Pressband zu einem unruhigen Lauf der Vorrichtung und entsprechend zu einem erhöhten Verschleiß insbesondere des Pressbandes. Die Geschwindigkeitsdifferenz führt im Leerlauf der Vorrichtung auch zu einer erhöhten Belastung des Stützelementes, wodurch der Verschleiß des Stützelementes beschleunigt wird.The drivable press belt, which can be driven directly or indirectly, for example, via the support element, is pressed in the region of the loop with a preselected or preset pressure against the lateral surface M of the hollow drum. Around the Separate in the pressing region, which is formed in the region of the looping of the hollow drum through the press belt to lead between the hollow drum and the press belt and to ensure the actual separation process, the hollow drum and the press belt are driven circumferentially. Known devices for separating the separate have for this purpose a common drive for the hollow drum and the press belt. As a result, a predetermined and during operation of the device unchangeable differential speed is set. For the optimum yield of the separation process, a differential speed not equal to zero is required in the operating state of the device, ie in the event that Separat between the hollow drum and the press belt is because by the differential speed, eg speed V 1, the hollow drum is low speed V 2nd the press belt, which is rubbed seperately into the perforation of the hollow drum. When the device is idling, ie in the event that there is no separation between the hollow drum and the press belt, a different speed of the hollow drum and press belt leads to an uneven running of the device and correspondingly to increased wear, in particular of the press belt. The speed difference leads to an increased load on the support element during idling of the device, whereby the wear of the support element is accelerated.

Um diesen Verschleiß möglichst gering zu halten, wäre im Leerlauf zur Verbesserung der Laufruhe entsprechend eine Voreinstellung mit einer Differenzgeschwindigkeit gleich Null erforderlich. Mit den bekannten Vorrichtungen und Verfahren ist entsprechend nur eine Kompromisslösung realisiert, die weder eine optimale Ausbeute gewährleistet noch einen minimierten Verschleiß sicherstellt. Im Übrigen sind mit den bekannten Vorrichtungen, die nur einen gemeinsamen Antrieb aufweisen, Differenzgeschwindigkeiten ungleich Null nur schwer zu realisieren. Ein weiterer Nachteil der bekannten Vorrichtungen besteht darin, dass die auftretenden Kräfte bei der Kopplung der Hohltrommel einerseits und des Pressbandes andererseits mit dem gemeinsamen Antrieb nur noch schwer zu kontrollieren sind und unter Umständen zur Blockade bzw. Stillstand der Vorrichtung führen, bis hin zur Zerstörung des Antriebssystems oder Teilen davon.In order to keep this wear as low as possible, a default setting with a differential speed equal to zero would be required in idling to improve the smoothness. With the known devices and methods, only a compromise solution is accordingly realized that ensures neither optimum yield nor ensures minimized wear. Incidentally, with the known devices which have only one common drive, differential speeds not equal to zero are difficult to realize. Another disadvantage of the known devices is that the forces occurring in the coupling of the hollow drum on the one hand and the press belt on the other hand with the common drive are difficult to control and may lead to blockade or stoppage of the device, to the destruction of the Drive system or parts thereof.

Der Erfindung liegt somit die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine verschleißarme Vorrichtung mit verbesserter Leistungsfähigkeit und Produktqualität_zu schaffen sowie ein entsprechendes Verfahren vorzuschlagen.The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a low-wear device with improved performance and Produktqualität_zu and propose a corresponding method.

Diese Aufgabe wird durch eine Vorrichtung der eingangs genannten Art dadurch gelöst, dass die Vorrichtung mindestens zwei separate Antriebe umfasst, wobei ein Antrieb der Hohltrommel und ein Antrieb dem Pressband zugeordnet ist. Durch das separate Antriebskonzept können die Hohltrommel und das Pressband jeweils individuell angetrieben werden. Während des Betriebs der Vorrichtung, also während der Verarbeitung von Separat und während des Leerlaufs, können mit der erfindungsgemäßen Lösung Geschwindigkeitsdifferenzen zwischen der Hohltrommel und dem Pressband ungleich Null und gleich Null erreicht werden, um einerseits eine verbesserte Leistungsfähigkeit und Produktqualität_der Vorrichtung, also eine höhere Ausbeute, zu erzielen und andererseits den Verschleiß insbesondere des Pressbandes und des Stützelementes_zu reduzieren.This object is achieved by a device of the type mentioned above in that the device comprises at least two separate drives, wherein a drive of the hollow drum and a drive is assigned to the press belt. Due to the separate drive concept, the hollow drum and the press belt can each be driven individually. During operation of the device, ie during the processing of Separate and during idling, speed differences between the hollow drum and the press belt not equal to zero and zero can be achieved with the solution according to the invention, on the one hand improved performance and Produktqualität_der device, ie a higher yield to achieve and on the other hand to reduce the wear, in particular of the press belt and the Stützelementes_zu.

Bevorzugt sind beide Antriebe als Getriebemotor ausgebildet. Mit den Getriebemotoren ist ein zuverlässiges Antreiben der Hohltrommel und des Pressbandes mit synchroner Geschwindigkeit oder mit unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten realisiert.Preferably, both drives are designed as a geared motor. With the geared motors a reliable driving of the hollow drum and the press belt is realized at synchronous speed or at different speeds.

Eine zweckmäßige Ausführungsform ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung eine Steuer- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung umfasst, mittels der die Antriebe separat ansteuerbar sind, derart, dass die Hohltrommel mit einer Geschwindigkeit V1 und das Pressband mit einer Geschwindigkeit V2 antreibbar ist. Damit ist eine besonders einfache und zuverlässige Steuerung bzw. Regelung der Geschwindigkeiten der Hohltrommel und des Pressbandes gewährleistet. Insbesondere ermöglicht die Steuer- und/oder Regelungsvorrichtung das individuelle Anpassen bzw. Verändern der Differenzgeschwindigkeit in Abhängigkeit äußerer Randbedingungen, wie z.B. des Betriebszustands der Vorrichtung und/oder der Menge des Separats und/oder der Größe des Abstandes zwischen der Hohltrommel und dem Pressband.An expedient embodiment is characterized in that the device comprises a control and / or regulating device, by means of which the drives are separately controllable, such that the hollow drum at a speed V 1 and the press belt at a speed V 2 is drivable. For a particularly simple and reliable control or regulation of the velocities of the hollow drum and the press belt is ensured. In particular, the control and / or regulating device makes it possible to adjust the differential speed individually as a function of external boundary conditions, such as the operating state of the device and / or the amount of the separator and / or the size of the distance between the hollow drum and the press belt.

Besonders bevorzugt ist die Differenzgeschwindigkeit VΔ zwischen V1 und V2 im Betrieb der Vorrichtung steuerbar und/oder regelbar, wobei VΔ = 0 oder ≠ 0 sein kann. Damit kann unmittelbar auf Veränderungen der Randbedingungen eingegangen werden, so dass eine maximale Ausbeute erzielt und ein minimaler Verschleiß erreicht wird. Ist z.B. der Abstand zwischen der Hohltrommel und dem Pressband größer, ist also Separat zwischen der Hohltrommel und dem Pressband, wird die Differenzgeschwindigkeit ungleich Null gewählt, z.B. die Geschwindigkeit V2 des Pressbandes größer der Geschwindigkeit V1 der Hohltrommel gewählt, um das Separat mittels des schneller laufenden Pressbandes in die Öffnungen/Löcher, also die Perforation der Hohltrommel zu reiben, um eine höhere Ausbeute zu erzielen. Ist der Abstand gering, also wenig oder kein Separat zwischen der Hohltrommel und dem Pressband, werden die Hohltrommel und das Pressband mit V1 = V2 angetrieben, also Differenzgeschwindigkeit ΔV=0, um das Pressband zu schonen und einen ruhigen Lauf der Vorrichtung zu gewährleisten.Particularly preferably, the differential speed V Δ between V 1 and V 2 in the operation of the device is controllable and / or regulated, wherein V Δ = 0 or ≠ 0 may be. This can be addressed directly to changes in the boundary conditions, so that maximum yield achieved and minimal wear is achieved. For example, if the distance between the hollow drum and the press belt is greater, so is separate between the hollow drum and the press belt, the differential speed is selected to be equal to zero, for example, the speed V 2 of the press belt greater than the speed V 1 of the hollow drum selected to the Separat by means of the faster running press belt in the openings / holes, so to rub the perforation of the hollow drum to achieve a higher yield. If the distance is small, ie little or no separation between the hollow drum and the press belt, the hollow drum and the press belt are driven with V 1 = V 2 , ie differential speed ΔV = 0, in order to protect the press belt and to ensure smooth running of the device ,

Eine bevorzugte Weiterbildung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Vorrichtung ein Detektionselement umfasst, das zum Detektieren des Abstandes zwischen der Hohltrommel und dem Pressband ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist, wobei das Detektionselement an die Steuer- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung angeschlossen ist. Mit dem Detektionselement, beispielsweise einem optischen Sensor, kann während des Betriebs der Vorrichtung zu jeder Zeit ermittelt werden, ob und wieviel Separat sich zwischen der Hohltrommel und dem Pressband befindet, um so die Geschwindigkeiten V1 und V2 individuell zu steuern und/oder zu regeln.A preferred development is characterized in that the device comprises a detection element which is designed and arranged for detecting the distance between the hollow drum and the press belt, wherein the detection element is connected to the control and / or regulating device. With the detection element, for example an optical sensor, it can be determined at any time during operation of the device whether and how much is separate between the hollow drum and the press belt so as to individually control and / or accelerate the speeds V 1 and V 2 regulate.

Vorteilhafterweise ist das Pressband um mehrere Umlenkelemente geführt, wobei ein Umlenkelement als Antriebswalze ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist. Damit ist das umlaufende Antreiben des Pressbandes und insbesondere das individuelle und von der Hohltrommel unabhängige Antreiben des Pressbandes auf einfache Weise realisiert.Advantageously, the press belt is guided around a plurality of deflection elements, wherein a deflection element is designed and set up as a drive roller. Thus, the circumferential driving of the press belt and in particular the individual and independent of the hollow drum driving the press belt is realized in a simple manner.

Zweckmäßigerweise ist das Stützelement eine Stützkette, die um die Antriebswalze und mindestens ein zusätzliches Umlenkelement geführt ist. Eine bevorzugte Weiterbildung zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass die Stützkette zur Einstellung des Drucks vom Pressband an die Hohltrommel verstellbar ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist. Damit wird die Verschleißfestigkeit des Pressbandes verbessert, indem das Pressband flächig unterstützt wird.Conveniently, the support element is a support chain which is guided around the drive roller and at least one additional deflection element. A preferred development is characterized in that the support chain for adjusting the pressure from the press belt to the hollow drum is designed and set adjustable. Thus, the wear resistance of the press belt is improved by the press belt is supported flat.

Die Aufgabe wird auch durch ein Verfahren mit den eingangs genannten Schritten dadurch gelöst, dass die Antriebsgeschwindigkeiten V1 und V2 von der Hohltrommel einerseits und dem Pressband andererseits separat und unabhängig voneinander gesteuert und/oder geregelt werden.The object is also achieved by a method with the steps mentioned above in that the drive speeds V 1 and V 2 of the hollow drum on the one hand and the press belt on the other hand separately and independently controlled and / or regulated.

Vorzugsweise wird die Differenzgeschwindigkeit VΔ zwischen V1 und V2 in Abhängigkeit der Größe des Abstandes zwischen der Hohltrommel und dem Pressband im Bereich der Umschlingung gesteuert und/oder geregelt.The differential speed V Δ between V 1 and V 2 is preferably controlled and / or regulated as a function of the size of the distance between the hollow drum and the press belt in the region of the loop.

Eine besonders bevorzugte Weiterbildung ist dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hohltrommel und das Pressband bei einem geringen Abstand zwischen Hohltrommel und Pressband, also insbesondere im Leerlauf der Vorrichtung ohne Separat zwischen Hohltrommel und Pressband, mit synchroner Geschwindigkeit umlaufen, während die Hohltrommel und das Pressband bei einem größeren Abstand zwischen Hohltrommel und Pressband, also insbesondere im Betriebszustand mit Separat zwischen Hohltrommel und Pressband, mit unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten umlaufen.A particularly preferred development is characterized in that the hollow drum and the press belt at a small distance between hollow drum and press belt, ie in particular idle the device without separate between hollow drum and press belt, rotate at a synchronous speed, while the hollow drum and the press belt at a larger Distance between hollow drum and press belt, so in particular in the operating state with Separate between hollow drum and press belt, rotate at different speeds.

Besonders bevorzugt wird das Verfahren mit einer Vorrichtung nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 durchgeführt.Particularly preferably, the method is carried out with a device according to one or more of claims 1 to 8.

Die sich daraus ergebenden Vorteile wurden bereits im Zusammenhang mit der Vorrichtung ausführlich beschrieben, weshalb zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf die entsprechenden Ausführungen verwiesen wird.The resulting advantages have already been described in detail in connection with the device, which is why reference is made to the corresponding statements to avoid repetition.

Weitere zweckmäßige und/oder vorteilhafte Merkmale und Weiterbildungen der Vorrichtung ergeben sich aus den Unteransprüchen und der Beschreibung. Besonders bevorzugte Ausführungsformen der Vorrichtung sowie das Verfahren werden anhand der beigefügten Zeichnung näher erläutert. In der Zeichnung zeigt:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung einer erfindungsgemäßen Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung mit einem Pressband als Presselement und separaten Antrieben für die Hohltrommel und das Pressband.
Further expedient and / or advantageous features and developments of the device will become apparent from the dependent claims and the description. Particularly preferred embodiments of the device and the method will be explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the drawing shows:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of an embodiment of the invention device with a press belt as a pressing element and separate drives for the hollow drum and the press belt.

Die in der Zeichnung dargestellte Vorrichtung dient zum Trennen eines Separats, das überwiegend aus Fleisch, Fett, Knorpeln, Sehnen, Knochen(-resten) etc. besteht, wobei insbesondere das Fleisch und das Fett als leichter fließende Bestandteile betrachtet werden und die Knorpel, die Sehnen und die Knochen(-reste) als schwerer fließende Bestandteile angesehen werden. Die Vorrichtung ist jedoch in gleicher Weise zum Trennen anderer Separate und Kombinationen von Separaten einsetzbar.The device shown in the drawing is used to separate a Separate, which consists mainly of meat, fat, cartilage, tendons, bones (residues), etc., wherein in particular the meat and fat are considered as more easily flowing components and the cartilage, the Tendons and the bones (residues) are considered as heavier flowing constituents. However, the device is equally applicable for separating other separations and combinations of separations.

Die dargestellte Vorrichtung 10 ist zum Trennen von miteinander vermischten Stoffen unterschiedlicher Fließfähigkeit ausgebildet und eingerichtet und umfasst ein Rahmengestell 11, eine umlaufend antreibbare und am Rahmengestell 11 gelagerte Hohltrommel 12 mit perforierter Mantelfläche M, ein von außen an diese unter Umschlingung eines Teils des Umfangs der Hohltrommel 12 anpressbares, endloses Pressband 13, das umlaufend antreibbar ist, einen Produkt-Einzugskeil 14 zum Zuführen eines Produktstroms, sowie eine Stützvorrichtung 15 für das Pressband 13 mit wenigstens einem Stützelement 16, das auf der der Hohltrommel 12 entgegengesetzten Seite des Pressbandes 13 angeordnet ist.The illustrated device 10 is designed and arranged for separating substances mixed with different flowability and comprises a frame 11, a circumferentially drivable and mounted on the frame 11 hollow drum 12 with perforated lateral surface M, an externally to this under wrapping a portion of the circumference of the hollow drum 12 pressable, endless press belt 13 which is driven in rotation, a product-Einzugskeil 14 for supplying a product stream, and a support device 15 for the press belt 13 with at least one support member 16 which is disposed on the hollow drum 12 opposite side of the press belt 13.

Das Rahmengestell 11 kann ein geschlossenes oder mindestens teilweise geschlossenes Gehäuse, eine Profilkonstruktion oder dergleichen sein. Bevorzugt ist das Gehäuse allseitig geschlossen. Optional können im Eingabebereich, also oberhalb des Produkt-Einzugskeils 14, und/oder im Ausgabebereich, also in Transportrichtung T hinter der Hohltrommel 12, die auch als Lochtrommel bezeichnet wird, Abstreifelemente angeordnet sein. Diese Abstreifelemente können starr, also mit einem festen Abstand zur Hohltrommel 12, oder variabel steuerbar, also im Abstand zur Hohltrommel 12 veränderlich, ausgebildet sein. Die Hohltrommel 12 oder auch Lochtrommel weist Bohrungen/Öffnungen auf, die in unterschiedlichen Mustern angeordnet sein können. Die Anzahl und Anordnung der Öffnungen, die das Muster bilden, hängen insbesondere von den zu verarbeitenden Stoffen ab.The frame 11 may be a closed or at least partially closed housing, a profile construction or the like. Preferably, the housing is closed on all sides. Optionally, in the input area, ie above the product intake wedge 14, and / or in the discharge area, ie in the transport direction T behind the hollow drum 12, which is also referred to as a perforated drum, stripping elements can be arranged. These stripping elements can be rigid, ie with a fixed distance from the hollow drum 12, or variably controllable, that is variable at a distance from the hollow drum 12, be formed. The hollow drum 12 or perforated drum has holes / openings that can be arranged in different patterns. The number and arrangement of the openings forming the pattern depend in particular on the substances to be processed.

Diese Vorrichtung 10 zeichnet sich erfindungsgemäß dadurch aus, dass die Vorrichtung 10 mindestens zwei separate Antriebe 17, 18 umfasst, wobei ein Antrieb 17 der Hohltrommel 12 und ein Antrieb 18 dem Pressband 13 zugeordnet ist.This device 10 is inventively characterized in that the device 10 comprises at least two separate drives 17, 18, wherein a drive 17 of the hollow drum 12 and a drive 18 associated with the press belt 13.

Die im Folgenden beschriebenen Merkmale und Weiterbildungen stellen für sich betrachtet oder in Kombination miteinander bevorzugte Ausführungsformen dar. Es wird ausdrücklich darauf hingewiesen, dass Merkmale, die in den Ansprüchen und/oder der Beschreibung und/oder der Zeichnung zusammengefasst oder in einer gemeinsamen Ausführungsform beschrieben sind, auch funktional eigenständig die weiter oben beschriebene Vorrichtung 10 weiterbilden können.The features and further developments described below represent individually or in combination with each other preferred embodiments. It is expressly understood that features that are summarized in the claims and / or the description and / or the drawings or described in a common embodiment , even functionally independently can further develop the apparatus 10 described above.

Optional sind beide Antriebe 17, 18 als Getriebemotor ausgebildet. In anderen Weiterbildungen können auch andere bekannte Antriebsmittel eingesetzt werden. Bevorzugt umfasst die Vorrichtung 10 eine Steuer- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung 19, mittels der die Antriebe 17, 18 separat ansteuerbar sind, derart, dass die Hohltrommel 12 mit einer Geschwindigkeit V1 und das Pressband 13 mit einer Geschwindigkeit V2 antreibbar ist. Die Steuer- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung 19 kann in die Vorrichtung 10 integriert oder Bestandteil einer übergeordneten Anordnung sein. Die Antriebe 17, 18 sind drahtlos oder drahtgebunden mit der Steuer- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung 19 verbunden. Vorzugsweise ist die Differenzgeschwindigkeit VΔ zwischen V1 und V2 im Betrieb der Vorrichtung steuerbar und/oder regelbar, wobei VΔ = 0 oder ≠ 0 sein kann. Das bedeutet, dass die Differenzgeschwindigkeit ΔV insbesondere auch während der Verarbeitung von Separat steuerbar und/oder regelbar ist.Optionally, both drives 17, 18 are designed as geared motors. In other developments, other known drive means can be used. The device 10 preferably comprises a control and / or regulating device 19, by means of which the drives 17, 18 can be controlled separately, such that the hollow drum 12 can be driven at a speed V 1 and the press belt 13 at a speed V 2 . The control and / or regulating device 19 can be integrated in the device 10 or be part of a superordinate arrangement. The drives 17, 18 are wireless or wired connected to the control and / or regulating device 19. Preferably, the differential speed V Δ between V 1 and V 2 in the operation of the device is controllable and / or regulated, wherein V Δ = 0 or ≠ 0 may be. This means that the differential speed ΔV can also be controlled and / or regulated during the processing of Separate.

Die Differenzgeschwindigkeit ΔV kann über das individuelle Einstellen der Geschwindigkeiten V1 und V2 anhand bzw. auf der Basis unterschiedlicher Parameter gesteuert und/oder geregelt werden. Beispielsweise lässt sich die Differenzgeschwindigkeit in Kenntnis der Menge oder des Volumens des zugeführten Separats steuern und/oder regeln. Der Abstand zwischen der Hohltrommel 12 und dem Pressband 13 stellt einen weiteren bevorzugten Parameter zur Steuerung und/oder Regelung der Differenzgeschwindigkeit dar. Liegt das Pressband 13 an der Hohltrommel 12 an (also kein Abstand) oder weist nur einen geringen Abstand auf, ist wenig oder kein Separat zwischen der Hohltrommel 12 und dem Pressband 13, so dass eine synchrone Geschwindigkeit von Hohltrommel 12 und Pressband 13 bevorzugt ist. Ist der Abstand größer, ist also Separat zwischen der Hohltrommel 12 und dem Pressband 12, ist eine Differenzgeschwindigkeit ≠ Null bevorzugt. Besonders bevorzugt ist dann V2 > V1, damit das Separat durch die Öffnungen in der Mantelfläche M der Hohltrommel 12 gerieben wird. Ob ein Abstand als gering(-er) oder groß (größer) eingestuft wird, kann z.B. über Erfahrungswerte ermittelt und in einer Datenbank hinterlegt sein, die wiederum mit der Steuer- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung 19 in Wirkverbindung stehen kann.The differential speed ΔV can be controlled and / or regulated by individually setting the speeds V 1 and V 2 on the basis of different parameters. For example, the differential speed can be controlled and / or regulated with knowledge of the quantity or the volume of the supplied separate. The distance between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 represents another preferred parameter for controlling and / or regulating the differential speed. If the press belt 13 abuts against the hollow drum 12 (ie, no distance) or has only a small distance, there is little or no no separate between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13, so that a synchronous speed of hollow drum 12 and press belt 13 is preferred. If the distance is greater, that is separate between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 12, a differential speed ≠ zero is preferred. V 2 > V 1 is then particularly preferred, so that the separator is rubbed through the openings in the lateral surface M of the hollow drum 12. Whether a distance is classified as low (-er) or large (larger) can be determined, for example, via empirical values and stored in a database, which in turn can be in operative connection with the control and / or regulating device 19.

Zur Ermittlung der Größe des Abstandes umfasst die Vorrichtung 10 bevorzugt mindestens ein Detektionselement 20, das zum Detektieren des Abstandes zwischen der Hohltrommel 12 und dem Pressband 13 ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist, wobei das Detektionselement 20 an die Steuer- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung 19 angeschlossen ist. Die Steuer- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung 19 kann auch die Datenbank umfassen. Als Detektionselement 20 kann z.B. ein optischer Sensor dienen, der Informationen über die Größe des Abstandes an die Steuer- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung 19 sendet. Andere bekannte Detektionsmittel 20 sind aber ebenfalls einsetzbar. Beispielsweise kann ein Sensor auch im Bereich des Produkt-Einzugskeils 14 angeordnet sein, um zu überwachen, ob und wieviel separat zugeführt wird.To determine the size of the distance, the device 10 preferably comprises at least one detection element 20, which is designed and arranged to detect the distance between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13, wherein the detection element 20 is connected to the control and / or regulating device 19. The control and / or regulating device 19 may also include the database. For example, an optical sensor which sends information about the size of the distance to the control and / or regulating device 19 can serve as the detection element 20. However, other known detection means 20 are also usable. For example, a sensor can also be arranged in the region of the product intake wedge 14 in order to monitor whether and how much is supplied separately.

Bei der in der Figur 1 dargestellten Ausführungsform der Vorrichtung 10 ist das Pressband 13 um mehrere Umlenkelemente 21 geführt, wobei ein Umlenkelement 21 als Antriebswalze 22 ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist. Mit der Antriebswalze 22 kann das Pressband 13 direkt angetrieben werden bzw. sein. Vorzugsweise ist das Umlenkelement 21, das in Transportrichtung T hinter der Hohltrommel 12 platziert ist, die Antriebswalze 22, um das Pressband 13 und damit das Separat ziehend an der Hohltrommel 12 vorbeizuführen. Der Antrieb 18 ist der Antriebswalze 22 direkt oder über ein Getriebe zugeordnet. Bevorzugt ist die Antriebswalze 22 (in der Ansicht gemäß Figur 1) gegen den Uhrzeigersinn angetrieben. Der Antrieb 17 ist der Hohltrommel 12 ebenfalls direkt oder über ein Getriebe zugeordnet. Bevorzugt ist die Hohltrommel 12 (in der Ansicht gemäß Figur 1) im Uhrzeigersinn angetrieben. Dadurch weisen die Hohltrommel 12 und das Pressband 13 im Bereich der Umschlingung die gleiche Transportrichtung auf. Bevorzugt ist die Antriebswalze 22 gleichzeitig als Andruckwalze für das Pressband 13 ausgebildet und eingerichtet. Dazu ist die Antriebswalze verstellbar.When in the FIG. 1 illustrated embodiment of the device 10, the press belt 13 is guided by a plurality of deflection elements 21, wherein a deflection element 21 is formed and arranged as a drive roller 22. With the drive roller 22, the press belt 13 can be driven directly or be. Preferably, the deflecting element 21, which is placed in the transport direction T behind the hollow drum 12, the drive roller 22 to pass the press belt 13 and thus the drawing separately on the hollow drum 12. The drive 18 is assigned to the drive roller 22 directly or via a transmission. Preferably, the drive roller 22 (in the view according to FIG FIG. 1 ) driven counterclockwise. The drive 17 is the hollow drum 12 also assigned directly or via a transmission. Preferably, the hollow drum 12 (in the view according to FIG FIG. 1 ) driven clockwise. As a result, the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 in the region of the wrap on the same direction of transport. Preferably, the drive roller 22 is simultaneously formed and set up as a pressure roller for the press belt 13. For this purpose, the drive roller is adjustable.

In der dargestellten Ausführungsform ist das Stützelement 16 eine Stützkette 23, die um die Antriebswalze 22 und mindestens ein zusätzliches Umlenkelement 24 geführt ist. In diesem Fall treibt der Antrieb 18 die Antriebswalze 22 und damit die Stützkette 23 an. Das Pressband 13, das im Reibschluss an der Stützkette 23 anliegt, ist dann indirekt angetrieben. Das Stützelement 16 dient dazu, das vorzugsweise aus einem elastischen Werkstoff bestehende Pressband 13 gegen die perforierte Hohltrommel 12 zu drücken. Anstelle der Stützkette 23 können auch Walzen oder Stützbänder vorgesehen sein. Durch die bevorzugte Stützkette 23 wird im Bereich der Umschlingung der Hohltrommel 12 vom Pressband 13 eine flächige Druckzone gebildet. Die Höhe des Druckes, mit dem das Pressband 13 an die Hohltrommel 12 bzw. in Richtung der Hohltrommel (für den Fall, das sich Separat zwischen der Hohltrommel 12 und dem Pressband 13 befindet) gedrückt wird, ist vorzugsweise variabel. Vorzugsweise ist die Stützkette 23 mittels der Andruckwalze zur Einstellung des Drucks vom Pressband 13 an die Hohltrommel 12 verstellbar ausgebildet und eingerichtet. Da in der bevorzugten Ausführungsform die Antriebswalze 22 auch als Andruckwalze ausgebildet ist, kann die Verstellung der Position der Andruckwalze zur Veränderung des Anpressdrucks führen. Die Verstellung kann linear erfolgen. Bevorzugt ist jedoch ein Schwenkmechanismus vorgesehen. Dieser kann beispielsweise eine Schwinge oder dergleichen umfassen, den dem die Antriebswalze 22 angeordnet ist._Andere Stellmechanismen zur Veränderung des Drucks vom Pressband 13 an die Hohltrommel 12 sind ebenfalls einsetzbar.In the illustrated embodiment, the support member 16 is a support chain 23 which is guided around the drive roller 22 and at least one additional deflection element 24. In this case, the drive 18 drives the drive roller 22 and thus the support chain 23. The press belt 13, which rests against the support chain 23 in frictional engagement, is then indirectly driven. The support element 16 serves to press the press belt 13, which is preferably made of an elastic material, against the perforated hollow drum 12. Instead of the support chain 23 and rollers or support bands may be provided. By the preferred support chain 23, a flat pressure zone is formed in the region of the looping of the hollow drum 12 from the press belt 13. The amount of pressure with which the pressing belt 13 is pressed against the hollow drum 12 or in the direction of the hollow drum (in the case that is separate between the hollow drum 12 and the pressing belt 13) is preferably variable. Preferably, the support chain 23 by means of the pressure roller for adjusting the pressure from the press belt 13 to the hollow drum 12 is adjustable and set up. Since in the preferred embodiment, the drive roller 22 is also formed as a pressure roller, the adjustment of the position of the pressure roller for Change the contact pressure lead. The adjustment can be linear. Preferably, however, a pivot mechanism is provided. This may for example comprise a rocker or the like, which the drive roller 22 is arranged. Other adjusting mechanisms for changing the pressure from the press belt 13 to the hollow drum 12 are also usable.

Für den Fall, dass die Antriebswalze 22, die auch gleichzeitig die Andruckwalze darstellt, an einer Schwinge angeordnet ist, kann das Detektionselement 20 zur Ermittlung der Größe des Abstandes zwischen der Hohltrommel 12 und dem Pressband 13 auch im Bereich der Schwinge angeordnet sein, um z.B. über die Winkelveränderung der Stellung der Schwinge Rückschlüsse auf den Abstand zu ziehen bzw. zu ermitteln.In the event that the drive roller 22, which is also the pressure roller at the same time, is arranged on a rocker, the detection element 20 for determining the size of the distance between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 may also be arranged in the area of the rocker, e.g. to draw conclusions about the change in the position of the rocker conclusions on the distance or to determine.

Im Folgenden wird das erfindungsgemäße Verfahren anhand der Zeichnung näher erläutert:
Das Verfahren dient zum Trennen von miteinander vermischten Stoffen unterschiedlicher Fließfähigkeit. Zunächst werden die miteinander vermischten Stoffe, die das Separat bilden, einem Produkt-Einzugskeil 14 zugeführt. Der Produkt-Einzugskeil 14 ist durch eine Hohltrommel 12 mit perforierter Mantelfläche M und ein Pressband 13 gebildet, das von außen an der Hohltrommel 12 unter Umschlingung eines Teils des Umfangs anliegt. Die Hohltrommel 12 und das Pressband 13 werden umlaufend angetrieben (im Bereich der Umschlingung weisen die Hohltrommel 12 und das Pressband die gleiche Transportrichtung auf, sind also bezüglich der Laufrichtung gleichlaufend). Dadurch wird das Separat zwischen die Hohltrommel 12 und das Pressband 13 gezogen. Durch das zwangsweise in den Bereich der Umschlingung geführte Separat, also das Leiten des Separats in die Presszone, weicht das Pressband 13 aus und bildet einen Spalt, in dem sich das Separat befindet. Durch den Druck des Pressbandes 13 werden die leichter fließenden Bestandteile des Separats mittels des Pressbandes 13 durch die Perforation der Mantelfläche M in den inneren Hohlraum der Hohltrommel 12 gepresst und abgeführt, während die schwerer fließenden Bestandteile des Separats außen auf der Mantelfläche M der Hohltrommel 12 verbleiben und separat abgegeben werden.The method according to the invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the drawing:
The method is used to separate mixed substances of different flowability. First, the intermixed substances which form the separate are fed to a product intake wedge 14. The product intake wedge 14 is formed by a hollow drum 12 with perforated lateral surface M and a press belt 13, which rests from the outside on the hollow drum 12 while wrapping a part of the circumference. The hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 are driven in rotation (in the region of the loop, the hollow drum 12 and the press belt on the same direction of transport, so are the same direction with respect to the running direction). As a result, the separator is drawn between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13. As a result of the separator which is forced into the area of the loop, that is to say the separation of the separator into the press zone, the press belt 13 deviates and forms a gap in which the separator is located. As a result of the pressure of the press belt 13, the more easily flowing constituents of the separator are pressed and removed by means of the press belt 13 through the perforation of the lateral surface M into the inner cavity of the hollow drum 12, while the heavier flowing components of the separate remain on the outer surface M of the hollow drum 12 and be dispensed separately.

Das Verfahren zeichnet sich erfindungsgemäß dadurch aus, dass die Antriebsgeschwindigkeiten V1 und V2 von der Hohltrommel 12 einerseits und dem Pressband 13 andererseits separat und unabhängig voneinander gesteuert und/oder geregelt werden. Die Hohltrommel 12 und das Pressband 13 werden jeweils mit einem eigenen Antrieb 17, 18 umlaufend angetrieben. Besonders bevorzugt wird die Differenzgeschwindigkeit VΔ zwischen V1 und V2 in Abhängigkeit der Größe des Abstandes zwischen der Hohltrommel 12 und dem Pressband 13 im Bereich der Umschlingung gesteuert und/oder geregelt. Mit anderen Worten wird die Größe des Abstandes zwischen der Hohltrommel 12 und dem Pressband 13 im Bereich der Presszone ermittelt. Bei einem geringen Abstand zwischen Hohltrommel 12 und Pressband 13, also insbesondere im Leerlauf der Vorrichtung 10 ohne (oder mit wenig) Separat zwischen Hohltrommel 12 und Pressband 13, laufen die Hohltrommel 12 und das Pressband 13 mit synchroner Geschwindigkeit um, während die Hohltrommel 12 und das Pressband 13 bei einem größeren Abstand zwischen Hohltrommel 12 und Pressband 13, also insbesondere im Betriebszustand mit Separat zwischen Hohltrommel 12 und Pressband 13, mit unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten umlaufen. Die Geschwindigkeiten V1 und V2 werden also individuell gesteuert und/oder geregelt.The method is inventively characterized in that the drive speeds V 1 and V 2 of the hollow drum 12 on the one hand and the press belt 13 on the other hand separately and independently controlled and / or be managed. The hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 are each driven by a separate drive 17, 18 circumferentially. Particularly preferably, the differential speed V Δ between V 1 and V 2 is controlled and / or regulated as a function of the size of the distance between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 in the region of the loop. In other words, the size of the distance between the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 is determined in the region of the pressing zone. At a small distance between the hollow drum 12 and press belt 13, ie in particular at idle the device 10 without (or little) separate between the hollow drum 12 and press belt 13, the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 at synchronous speed, while the hollow drum 12 and the press belt 13 at a greater distance between the hollow drum 12 and press belt 13, so in particular in the operating state with separate between the hollow drum 12 and press belt 13, rotate at different speeds. The speeds V 1 and V 2 are thus controlled and / or regulated individually.

Besonders bevorzugt wird das Verfahren mit einer Vorrichtung 10 nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 durchgeführt wird. Diese Vorrichtung 10 wurde weiter oben ausführlich beschrieben, weshalb zur Vermeidung von Wiederholungen auf die Beschreibung der Vorrichtung 10 verwiesen wird.Particularly preferably, the method is carried out with a device 10 according to one or more of claims 1 to 8. This device 10 has been described in detail above, and reference is therefore made to avoid repetition on the description of the device 10.

Claims (12)

Vorrichtung (10) zum Trennen von miteinander vermischten Stoffen unterschiedlicher Fließfähigkeit, umfassend ein Rahmengestell (11), eine umlaufend antreibbare und am Rahmengestell (11) gelagerte Hohltrommel (12) mit perforierter Mantelfläche M, ein von außen an diese unter Umschlingung eines Teils des Umfangs der Hohltrommel (12) anpressbares, endloses Pressband (13), das umlaufend antreibbar ist, einen Produkt-Einzugskeil (14) zum Zuführen eines Produktstroms, sowie eine Stützvorrichtung (15) für das Pressband (13) mit wenigstens einem Stützelement (16), das auf der der Hohltrommel (12) entgegengesetzten Seite des Pressbandes (13) angeordnet ist, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (10) mindestens zwei separate Antriebe (17, 18) umfasst, wobei ein Antrieb (17) der Hohltrommel (12) und ein Antrieb (18) dem Pressband (13) zugeordnet ist.Apparatus (10) for separating substances of different flowability mixed with one another, comprising a frame (11), a hollow drum (12) with perforated lateral surface M mounted circumferentially drivable and mounted on the frame (11), an outer periphery of which surrounds part of the circumference the hollow drum (12) anpressbares, endless press belt (13) which is driven in rotation, a product-Einzugskeil (14) for supplying a product stream, and a support device (15) for the press belt (13) with at least one support element (16) which is arranged on the side of the press belt (13) opposite the hollow drum (12), characterized in that the device (10) comprises at least two separate drives (17, 18), wherein a drive (17) of the hollow drum (12) and a drive (18) associated with the press belt (13). Vorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 1, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass beide Antriebe (17, 18) als Getriebemotor ausgebildet sind.Device (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that both drives (17, 18) are designed as geared motor. Vorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (10) eine Steuer- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung (19) umfasst, mittels der die Antriebe (17, 18) separat ansteuerbar sind, derart, dass die Hohltrommel (12) mit einer Geschwindigkeit V1 und das Pressband (13) mit einer Geschwindigkeit V2 antreibbar ist.Device (10) according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the device (10) comprises a control and / or regulating device (19) by means of which the drives (17, 18) are separately controllable, such that the hollow drum ( 12) at a speed V 1 and the press belt (13) can be driven at a speed V 2 . Vorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 3, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Differenzgeschwindigkeit VΔ zwischen V1 und V2 im Betrieb der Vorrichtung steuerbar und/oder regelbar ist, wobei VΔ = 0 oder ≠ 0 sein kann.Device (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that the differential speed V Δ between V 1 and V 2 in the operation of the device can be controlled and / or regulated, wherein V Δ = 0 or ≠ 0 may be. Vorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 3 oder 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Vorrichtung (10) ein Detektionselement (20) umfasst, das zum Detektieren des Abstandes zwischen der Hohltrommel (12) und dem Pressband (13) ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist, wobei das Detektionselement (20) an die Steuer- und/oder Regelungseinrichtung (19) angeschlossen ist.Device (10) according to claim 3 or 4, characterized in that the device (10) comprises a detection element (20) which is designed and arranged for detecting the distance between the hollow drum (12) and the press belt (13), wherein the Detection element (20) to the control and / or regulating device (19) is connected. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Pressband (13) um mehrere Umlenkelemente (21) geführt ist, wobei ein Umlenkelement (21) als Antriebswalze (22) ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist.Device (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that the press belt (13) around a plurality of deflection elements (21) is guided, wherein a deflection element (21) as a drive roller (22) is formed and arranged. Vorrichtung (10) nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass das Stützelement (16) eine Stützkette (23) ist, die um die Antriebswalze (22) und mindestens ein zusätzliches Umlenkelement (23) geführt ist.Device (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that the support element (16) is a support chain (23) which is guided around the drive roller (22) and at least one additional deflecting element (23). Vorrichtung (10) nach Anspruch 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Stützkette (23) zur Einstellung des Drucks vom Pressband (13) an die Hohltrommel (12) verstellbar ausgebildet und eingerichtet ist.Device (10) according to claim 7, characterized in that the support chain (23) for adjusting the pressure from the press belt (13) to the hollow drum (12) is adjustably designed and set up. Verfahren zum Trennen von miteinander vermischten Stoffen unterschiedlicher Fließfähigkeit, umfassend die Schritte: - Zuführen von miteinander vermischten Stoffen, dem Separat, in einen Produkteinzugskeil (14), der durch eine Hohltrommel (12) mit perforierter Mantelfläche M und ein Pressband (13), das von außen an der Hohltrommel (12) unter Umschlingung eines Teils des Umfangs anliegt, gebildet ist, - umlaufendes Antreiben der Hohltrommel (12) und des Pressbandes (13) zum Einziehen des Separats zwischen die Hohltrommel (12) und das Pressband (13), - wobei die leichter fließenden Bestandteile des Separats mittels des Pressbandes (13) durch die Perforation der Mantelfläche M in den inneren Hohlraum der Hohltrommel (12) gepresst und abgeführt werden, während die schwerer fließenden Bestandteile des Separats außen auf der Mantelfläche M der Hohltrommel (12) verbleiben und separat abgegeben werden, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Antriebsgeschwindigkeiten V1 und V2 von der Hohltrommel (12) einerseits und dem Pressband (13) andererseits separat und unabhängig voneinander gesteuert und/oder geregelt werden.Method for separating mixed substances of different flowability, comprising the steps: - Feeding of intermixed substances, the Separate, in a Produktinzugskeil (14) by a hollow drum (12) with perforated lateral surface M and a press belt (13) from the outside to the hollow drum (12) while wrapping a portion of the circumference is present, is formed, - Circulating driving of the hollow drum (12) and the press belt (13) for drawing the Separate between the hollow drum (12) and the press belt (13), - Wherein the more easily flowing components of the separate by means of the press belt (13) through the perforation of the lateral surface M in the inner cavity of the hollow drum (12) are pressed and removed, while the heavier flowing components of the outside of the outer surface of the hollow drum (12 ) remain and be sold separately, characterized in that the drive speeds V 1 and V 2 of the hollow drum (12) on the one hand and the press belt (13) on the other hand separately and independently controlled and / or regulated. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Differenzgeschwindigkeit VΔ zwischen V1 und V2 in Abhängigkeit der Größe des Abstandes zwischen der Hohltrommel (12) und dem Pressband (13) im Bereich der Umschlingung gesteuert und/oder geregelt wird.A method according to claim 9, characterized in that the differential speed V Δ between V 1 and V 2 in dependence of the size of the distance between the hollow drum (12) and the press belt (13) in the region of the looping controlled and / or regulated. Verfahren nach Anspruch 9 oder 10, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Hohltrommel (12) und das Pressband (13) bei einem geringen Abstand zwischen Hohltrommel (12) und Pressband (13), also insbesondere im Leerlauf der Vorrichtung (10) ohne Separat zwischen Hohltrommel (12) und Pressband (13), mit synchroner Geschwindigkeit umlaufen, während die Hohltrommel (12) und das Pressband (13) bei einem größeren Abstand zwischen Hohltrommel (12) und Pressband (13), also insbesondere im Betriebszustand mit Separat zwischen Hohltrommel (12) und Pressband (13), mit unterschiedlichen Geschwindigkeiten umlaufen.A method according to claim 9 or 10, characterized in that the hollow drum (12) and the press belt (13) at a small distance between the hollow drum (12) and press belt (13), ie in particular during idling of the device (10) without separate between the hollow drum (12) and press belt (13), rotate at synchronous speed, while the hollow drum (12) and the press belt (13) at a greater distance between the hollow drum (12) and press belt (13), ie in particular in the operating state with separate between hollow drum ( 12) and press belt (13), rotate at different speeds. Verfahren nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 9 bis 11, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass es mit einer Vorrichtung (10) nach einem oder mehreren der Ansprüche 1 bis 8 durchgeführt wird.Method according to one or more of claims 9 to 11, characterized in that it is carried out with a device (10) according to one or more of claims 1 to 8.
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US11794434B2 (en) 2019-11-08 2023-10-24 Provisur Technologies, Inc. Separating machine
US11832623B2 (en) 2019-11-08 2023-12-05 Provisur Technologies, Inc. Separating machine with feeding wheel

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DE102018112040A1 (en) 2019-11-21
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