EP3566008B1

EP3566008B1 - Energy distribution system

Info

Publication number: EP3566008B1
Application number: EP17826225.9A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Jonathan Karlsson; Frantisek ARNOST
Original assignee: Innenco Technology Ltd
Current assignee: Innenco Technology Ltd
Priority date: 2016-12-22
Filing date: 2017-12-20
Publication date: 2023-07-12
Anticipated expiration: 2037-12-20
Also published as: ES2951699T3; WO2018115193A3; CN110945291B; EP3566008A2; WO2018115193A2; EP3566008C0; SE1651733A1; CN110945291A; SE542610C2

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

The present invention relates to an energy distribution system for heating or cooling of at least part of a space. The energy distribution system is at least part of a floor, wall or ceiling or an air ventilating system for heating or cooling at least parts of the space.

BACKGROUND ART

Different ways of heating and/or cooling spaces are known using various types of distribution systems or installations by which water and/or air is heated using for instance electrical heaters immersed in the water or placed in air flow paths or burners fuelled with gas or oil or by which systems water and/or air is cooled by heat exchange or the like. Such systems comprises units/devices for subsequently guiding the heated or cooled fluid, e.g. water or air, along diverse paths, commonly various types of tubing or conduits, to heating radiators or ceiling or floor heating arrangements or air treatment devices for the spaces. These heating and/or cooling systems with heated or cooled fluid then transfer heat to surroundings and/or colder ambient air or absorb heat of the surroundings and/or warmer ambient air in such spaces in a controllable way. The space, such as at least a part of a structural unit in the form of a house, normally has its own (domestic) heating and/or cooling system with which at least parts of the space and/or rooms of the structural unit is heated and/or cooled in response to energy demand.
Examples of heating systems are central or district heating units used to heat a number of heating radiators that directly heat ambient air or use one or more heat exchangers arranged in a structural unit, such as a residential building, to exchange heat with colder fluid in the building to warm the fluid and thereby warm up a space/room or the whole building. Such systems are known, where hot water is guided along heating conduits arranged in a structural part, for instance one or more floors, walls or ceilings. The hot water heats the structural part, which in turn transmits the heat to ambient air. A type of system is known as floor and/or ceiling heating system that means a system in which the heating conduits are arranged in a structural part other than the floor, for instance in a wall and/or ceiling of the space/room.
A floor heating system is usually provided with hot fluid, such as water via an above mentioned central heating unit, a district heating system or a domestic heating installation. To provide this hot water, there is a tube or pipe network of the central heating unit, the district heating or the domestic heating installation to which at least one distributor is in fluid communication to guide the incoming hot water to the heating conduits where the actual heat exchange occur in an entity, i.e. the space to be heated, and from which entity at least one other distributor receives the relatively cold return flow of water after the heat exchange and guide it back to the pipe network of the central heating unit, the district heating or the domestic heating installation. Then, the relatively cold water is heated again and/or mixed with supplied hot water coming from the central heating system, the district heating system or the domestic heating installation and returned back to the space if heating is demanded. Commonly, prior art systems utilize about 35°C for heating and about 12°C for cooling.
Today's technique of distribution systems in the field of heating, ventilation and/or air conditioning (HVAC industry), such as cooling, heating, collectors and/or energy storage are based on levels of certain adjustments. These adjustments for example of floor heating or heating radiators are controlled by regulators and the regulators ensure the desired indoor temperature in each premise. Distribution systems, such as floor heating with constant flow and non-regulation processes, have been tested in different purposes and in minor scale. Their disadvantages have been too high flow rate, too low temperatures (biologic growth) and un-adjustability complications as balance valves have been used to compensate for flow, pressure and/or temperature variations, which have been done unsatisfactorily. Examples of distribution systems are described in for example EP 1 630 479 A2 and DE 26 14 694 A1 , Distributors for controlling distribution are known from for example DE 201 11 656 U1 and KR 2009 0029992 A . Distributors are further known in other fields such as paper-making machines or boilers from for example US 6 083 351 A1 and DE 20 2009 003191 U1 . Other prior art examples can be found for instance in EP 0 501 567 A1 , GB 350 632 A and US 5 707 007 A .

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

One object of the present invention is to provide an energy distribution system, which is cost and energy efficient in its construction and functionality.
Another object of the present invention is to provide an energy distribution system enabling quicker switch/change of current heat exchange in response to a new demand on supplied or withdrawn energy in at least a part of a space to be heated or cooled compared to prior art.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide an energy distribution system that stabilizes the total decrease in pressure in distributors achieving a self-regulating/-adjusting system with self-acting redistribution of heat and/or cold in a space, in principle automatically without need of valves or other regulators in this context. Moreover, no externally controlled and empowered valves or other regulators are required for the inventive self-acting energy distribution of the system according to the invention.
One more object of the present invention is to provide an energy distribution system comprising at least one heating/cooling source, which energy distribution system in itself, i.e. inherently is able to regulate the indoor climate (as well as any energy storage and any collector) by means of the heating/cooling source without any need of external control or regulators. The effects are higher energy efficiency and better temperature gradients (comfort) due to utilization of lower temperature differences in the surroundings compared to prior art. The inventive energy distribution system utilizes about 25°C for heating and about 20°C for cooling compared to prior art systems utilizing about 35°C for heating and about 12°C for cooling. This means that the invention works in more narrow temperature intervals that hitherto have not been considered realistic and actually useful before the inventors unexpectantly realised this.
Yet another object of the present invention is to provide an energy distribution system with very low energy loss, whereby the need of any valves in any of its distributors for compensating or balancing variation in pressure and/or temperature and/or fluid flow through the system, its tubing and any of its distributors is eliminated.
Still another object of the present invention is to provide a very simple pressure stabilizer, which is adjustably arranged, inside at least one distributor, i.e. a manifold, of the energy distribution system to ensure correct fluid flow to each tube/pipe of the system eliminating the need of any valves in any of its distributors, not even at any of the in- and/or outlets of the distributor, for compensating, i.e. balancing variation in pressure and/or temperature and/or fluid flow through the system and any of its distributors and associated components, such as its tubing for heat exchange.
One other object of the invention is to provide corresponding/substantially the same (within the technical field)/the same/equal length of the tubing or each tube/pipe of the energy distribution system to make sure that losses/falls/decreases in pressure are the same in each tube having the same specific length being between about 20 to 40 m or exactly between 20 to 40 m.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a secure fluid/water sealing at one or more or each of the in- and/or outlets of at least one or more or each, i.e. all distributors of the energy distribution system to ensure minor fluid/water leakage therefrom.
One object of the invention is to provide one or more distributors of the energy distribution system with as many inlet/outlet connections as possible to make regulation in the system as simple, quick and reliable as possible due to a relatively bigger difference in size/volume/area between each individual in-/outlet and the whole distributor compared to prior art.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide an energy distribution system with tubing configured to be laid out in at least a part of the space to be heated or cooled, wherein the tubing comprises at least 5 - 12 m of tubing per m² of space/area to be heated/cooled compared to standardized systems using about 2 - 4 m/m², whereby the inventive system enables using a totally higher flow and a lower temperature difference achieves using pattern of tubing with varying density/compactness for varying heat exchange depending on differing energy demands in a space to be heated or cooled. This enables using a denser pattern of laid out tubing for one part of the space and a less dense pattern of laid out tubing for another part of the same space to optionally achieve heat exchange that is adapted to differing energy demands in different parts of the space to be heated or cooled.
Still another object of present invention is to provide an energy distribution system utilizing a lower temperature range and temperature difference for heat exchange, i.e. about 2-6 K (ΔT) compared to prior art systems utilizing about 10-15 K (ΔT), achieving an energy distribution system that is very interesting for use in future heat pump industry and low energy buildings.
According to the present invention, above objects are achieved by an energy distribution system for heating or cooling a space, at least partly, by means of fluid distribution for heat exchange between distributed fluid and at least a part of the space, comprising at least one first distributor comprising a main inlet adapted for receiving heating or cooling fluid by means of a fluid inlet for fluid inflow, at least one second distributor comprising a main outlet adapted for discharging heating or cooling fluid by means of a fluid return outlet for fluid outflow, and tubing connected between outlets of the first distributor and inlets of the second distributor to create a fluid flow path between the distributors to enable exchange of heat between the heating or cooling fluid flowing through the tubing laid out in the space and the space, wherein the tubing comprises tubes of substantially same length, and wherein the at least one distributor comprises at least one rail arranged inside the distributor, the rail being configured to compensate varying pressure in the fluid flow through the distributor by decreasing its inner volume in the fluid flow direction from its first in- or outlet to its last in- or outlet in relation to the size of each in- or outlet, and wherein the rail is at least partly movable inside the distributor by means of a mechanism in a direction towards or from the in- or outlets of the distributor to decrease the inner distributor volume in response to pressure varying from the first in- or outlet to the last in- or outlet of the distributor.
According to the present invention above objects are achieved by an energy distribution system comprising at least one first distributor comprising an inlet adapted for receiving heating or cooling fluid by means of a fluid inlet for fluid inflow, at least one second distributor comprising an outlet adapted for discharging heating or cooling fluid by means of a fluid return outlet for fluid outflow, and tubing connecting outlets of the first distributor and inlets of the second distributor to create a fluid flow path between the distributors to enable exchange of energy between the heating/cooling fluid flowing through the tubing laid out in at least a part of the space, wherein the tubing comprises tubes of corresponding or substantially the same or equal or same length.
In one embodiment, the tubing comprises at least 5 to 12 m or 6 to 12 m of tubing, preferably at least 6 to 9 m of tubing, more preferably 6 to 8 m of tubing, or most preferred 6.5 to 7.5 m of tubing per m² of at least the part of the space to be heated or cooled. The ranges of tubing length per m² are applicable for a whole space or more than one space if a space is one room and another space is another room. The lengths being the same for each tube are equally applicable in larger spaces having more than one zone for heating or cooling, e.g. one zone with one set of distributors and tubing and at least another zone with another set of distributors and tubing.
In another embodiment, the tubing comprises at least one or more tubes having an inner diameter smaller than 10 mm; preferably smaller than 7 to 9 mm; more preferably smaller than 6 to 7 mm; or most preferably smaller than or about or equal to 5 to 6 mm or 4 to 5 mm or 3 to 4 mm or 4 mm. Optionally, each tube of the tubing is within any of above inner diameter ranges or has the above inner diameter, preferably, 5 mm. Alternatively, each tube of the tubing is most preferably smaller than 6 mm or about or equal to 5 to 6 mm, 4 to 5 mm, 3 to 4 mm or 4 mm, or preferably has an inner diameter of about 5 mm.
In one embodiment, the tubing comprises at least one or more tubes having an inner diameter larger than 2 or 3 mm; preferably larger than 4 mm; or more preferably larger than 4.5 mm; or more preferably about 5 mm or larger than about 5 mm, but not necessarily much larger than 5.5 to 6 or 7 mm. Optionally, each tube of the tubing is within any of the above inner diameter ranges or has any of the above inner diameters.
According to the invention, the rail is at least partly movable inside the distributor by means of a mechanism in a direction towards or from the in- or outlets of the distributor to decrease the inner distributor volume in response to pressure varying from the first in-/outlet to the last in-/outlet of the distributor. This mechanism may be adjustable manually or by means of bias/power means, such as an electrical motor or a spring or the like, optionally by means of wireless control, such as Bluetooth^® utilized by a user to control the electrical motor. According to an embodiment, the rail is linearly movable inside the distributor to decrease the inner distributor volume when the rail is moved towards the distributor in-/outlets. According to yet a further embodiment, each distributor of the system comprises at least one pressure compensating rail.
In another embodiment, the tubing comprises tubes of substantially the same length or equal length or same length being between about 20 to 40 m.
In yet another embodiment, the space is a residential building, a ship or a swimming pool. Optionally, one or more or each rail of the distributor is formed with a straight/linear extension/shape or a bent or curved shape or comprises a combination of such shapes and/or comprises a shape with a varying curve and/or bend and/or is shaped as a wedge with any of these shapes or a combination of these shapes creating an angled inner wall of the distributor past which fluid flows and/or is the rail adjustable/movable so that it is configured to be arranged at different positions creating varying angles and/or shapes/sizes of the inner volume of the distributor through which fluid flows.
According to a further embodiment of the energy distribution system as above, one or more but one and the same distributor comprises at least two rows of in- or outlets. Hence, one or more inventive distributors are usable in the system and one and the same distributor comprises at least two or more rows of in- and/or outlets. The rows and/or in-/outlets of the distributor do not have to be exactly aligned or extend exactly in parallel with each other.
Advantages/Effects of the above solutions thereto are for example the below: Valves in the distributor/-s of the system are eliminated reducing the number of pressure loss increasing components. As valves in the distributor/-s of the system is/are eliminated one or more valveless distributors are created.
As the inventive energy distribution system may utilize the same length for each tube/tube loop being between about 20 to 40 m (within the tolerances of this technical field), a stabilisation of the total decrease/fall of pressure in its distributors, in combination with other inventive features, is achieved that accomplish a self-regulating/-adjusting effect. This same length of the tubing in the inventive energy distribution system provides the self-regulating/-adjusting effect corresponding to a self-acting or automatic functionality in regard of heat and/or cold regulation and redistribution within a space for climate control thereof, e.g. in regard of temperature. The resulting effect is that the energy distribution system of the invention is dynamically stabilised in a self-acting way, in principle automatically, without the need of external control, i.e. the system is provided with an inherent self-control, especially when using very small temperature differences. This enables exploiting the surrounding thermal storage/layer (e.g. concrete and other types of screed) more effectively than is done in prior art systems. This makes it possible to use a higher temperature sensitivity, i.e. instead of using a temperature sensitivity with a precision of about 1°C as traditionally, i.e. in prior art systems, the inventive system is able to use a temperature sensitivity with a precision of less than 0.1°C by use of the same tube length as explained above and below. This in combination with correct dimensions and pressures as above and below give a uniqueness in the self-regulating pressure and temperature distribution, the same length of the tube loops being between 20 to 40 m as above and below and the low temperatures obtained.
The advantageous functionality is applicable for both heating and cooling of a space by means of the energy distribution system of the invention. This means that a low/lower temperature for heating, i.e. less than 28°C (< 28°C), preferably about or less than about 25°C, is possible to use in the supply line/pipe/tube to the distributors compared to prior art. This means that a high/higher temperature for cooling, i.e. higher than 19°C (> 19°C), preferably about or more than about 20°C, is possible to use in the supply line/pipe to the distributors compared to prior art. The resulting effect of high/higher fluid temperature in the supply line/pipe to cool and low/lower fluid temperature in the supply line/pipe to heat is that the energy distribution system of the invention in a self-acting way, i.e. automatically without use of external control or regulation, has the ability to exploit overtemperatures in the surrounding/-s continuously and dynamically. As an example, solar incident radiation on a floor in which the inventive energy distribution system is installed, which floor only is warmed up to just above 30°C, and its incurred heat has the ability to be transmitted in a direction downwards and be redistributed in the remaining part or surface/volume of the floor (or where the tube loops are placed) due to the same length in each tube of 20 - 40 m and same pressure in the tube loops.
Another advantage of the energy distribution system of the invention is that heat pumps and refrigerating machines increase their efficiency by means of this inventive principle above and below from the in prior art commonly/traditionally achieved efficiency in terms of Coefficient of Performance (COP) of 4 to up to more than or higher than 6 (> 6) for the invention.
Additional advantages by means of the functionality accomplished by using the same length of tube loops of 20 to 40 m is that large decreases/falls of pressure are coped with using an inner diameter of 5 mm for each tube and that the total rate of turnover in regard of exchanged energy in an area/a space is about 120 times per hour while a prior art and traditional system has a rate of turnover of about 12 times per hour. Hence, more energy is heat exchanged per m2 as there also are more tube loops per m2, whereby a higher rate of turnover is achieved compared to prior art systems.
By use of corresponding and/ or equal and/or same length for the tubing of the inventive system, i.e. 10 to 50 m or more preferably 20 to 40 m, an equal/compensated/corresponding pressure is enabled in the tubing for energy exchange, i.e. equal/same pressure is achieved in the tubing of the inventive system. Hence, an equal/compensated/corresponding pressure in the tubes of the tubing for energy exchange, i.e. equal/same pressure is achieved in each tube of the tubing in the system.
A more efficient fluid flow, i.e. full flow of fluid through the inventive system is enabled as the size, dimension, and/or diameter (inner and/or outer diameter) of tubing and each individual in- and/or outlet of the/each distributor is smaller in relation to prior art.
By using one or more inner rails in the distributor, a lesser fluid pressure loss/variation is generated from a first in- and/or outlet to another in- and/or outlet up to the last in-/outlet in the direction of fluid flow through the distributor. Hence, an optimal pressure and fluid distribution is achieved within the distributor. The rail is adjustable/movable so that it is configured to be arranged at different positions and/or angles it is easy to vary its angle and the inner volume of the distributor at the correct and optimal positions where fluid flows to facilitate the optimal pressure and fluid distribution even further depending on the need of the system application. This is further enhanced by providing the distributor with the mechanism for adjustment of the position and/or angle of the inner rail.
A more efficient fluid flow, i.e. full flow of fluid through the inventive system comprising at least one or more inventive distributors or each distributor is an inventive one is enabled as the size, dimension, and/or diameter (inner and/or outer diameter) of tubing and each individual in- and/or outlet of the/each distributor is smaller in relation to prior art.
A larger inner volume of at least one or each distributor in relation to the size, dimension, and/or diameter of each individual in- and/or outlet of the/each distributor is achieved, as each in-/outlet of the/each distributor of the invention is smaller in relation to prior art. This enables arranging a larger number of in- and/or outlets on the distributor, i.e. a higher density of in-/outlets on the inventive distributor is achieved compared to prior art.
By arranging at least one or more distributors with smaller size, dimension and/or diameter of each of its individual in- and/or outlets a larger inner volume of at least one/each distributor in relation to its individual in- and/or outlets a lesser pressure loss/variation is generated from a first in- and/or outlet to another in- and/or outlet up to the last in-/outlet, i.e. step-wise, in the direction of fluid flow through the/each distributor, whereby a lesser step and loss of energy between each in-/outlet of each distributor in the fluid flow direction is achieved and the fluid flow is more evenly distributed between all and each in-/outlet of each distributor and is prevented from flowing the "easiest" way in this context.
By arranging at least one or more or all distributors with smaller size, dimension and/or diameter of each of its individual in- and/or outlets a larger inner volume of at least one/each distributor in relation to its individual in- and/or outlets is achieved, whereby an equal or compensated or corresponding fluid pressure and/or pressure variation and/or pressure loss through the distributor is generated. Hence, a self-regulating ability of the energy exchange between at least part of a space to be heated and/or cooled and the tubing with hot/cold fluid of the system is achieved. This together with at least one valveless distributor generate an equal and compensated fluid pressure, pressure variation, and pressure loss through the at least one distributor and tubing of the system, and creates a self-regulating ability of the energy exchange between the space to be heated/cooled and the tubing of the system.
By use of the substantially same or the same or exactly the same length for the tubing of the inventive system faster flow of fluid through the system is achieved.
By use of smaller sized tubing in the inventive energy distribution system, such as smaller diameter, i.e. smaller inner and/or outer diameter of tubes of the tubing of the system, compared to prior art a faster flow of fluid through the system is utilized, and a quicker switch between varying/different energy demands and quicker response to variation in energy demands of a space to be heated/cooled are accomplished. The chosen size, i.e. the smaller tube diameter used in the invention depends on tube thickness, type of tubes and tube material.
Use of faster flow of fluid through the inventive system with or without an inventive distributor enables use of a lower fluid temperature, whereby energy loss is reduced in the inventive system. This also means that less insulation is required around/in the inventive system. Moreover, this enables faster switch between present energy exchange and a new one due to a change of demand for energy.
Use of lower fluid temperature in the inventive system achieves a lower use of energy and less loss of energy due to lesser rate of heat dissipation/radiation.
Use of faster flow of fluid through the inventive system achieves better comfort to residents of a space being heated and/or cooled by use of the inventive system due to quicker switching, i.e. response to varying energy demand by means of the inventive distributor and by the system when comprising at least one such distributor.
By use of equal/same length for the tubing of the inventive system a higher pressure of fluid through the system is achieved.
Use of higher fluid pressure throughout the system enables use of a lower fluid temperature and faster fluid flow, whereby energy loss is reduced in the inventive system. Hence, less insulation is required around/in the system. Hence, a faster switch between present energy exchange and a new one due to a change of demand for energy according to the inventive system is enabled. This also achieves a lower use of energy.
Use of higher fluid pressure through the inventive system achieves better comfort to residents of a space being heated and/or cooled by use of the inventive system due to quicker response, i.e. switching to varying energy demand by means of the distributor and the system comprising at least one such distributor.
The present invention relates to an energy distribution system for heating or cooling or both of at least one or more parts/zones of a space, such as a residential or industrial building, a ship and/or a swimming pool. The energy distribution system is utilized in at least one or more parts/zones of a floor, wall and/or ceiling and/or an air ventilating system of the space. The present invention relates to one or more distributors adapted for use in such floor, wall, ceiling and/or air ventilating systems, and to such an energy distribution system with or without at least one such distributor. In some aspects, the inventive energy distribution system comprising fluid carrying tubing and at least one inventive distributor is used to heat and/or cool surfaces and/or volumes, e.g. by the tubing enclosed in at least one or more parts/zones of floors, walls and/or ceilings of the space directly or to indirectly cool and/or heat the space by heating and/or cooling ventilating air coming into or being withdrawn out of the space by passing the air through/past the tubing for heat exchange. The features of the inventive distributor is freely combinable with the inventive energy distribution system as the distributor is easily added to the inventive energy distribution system to improve its abilities, however, the inventive energy distribution system is possible to use with other distributors.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

In the following detailed portion of the present description, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to the different aspects shown in the drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is a perspective depiction of at least a part of a space to be heated or cooled by means of aspects of the present invention.
Fig 2 is a sectional view from above of a part of the space in Fig. 1, i.e. as seen in a direction substantially perpendicular to the plane of a surface of the space, such as a floor in a room, according to aspects of the present invention, which surface is shown as a horizontal floor in this Fig 2 but may likewise be part of a vertical wall or part of an upper ceiling of the space (not shown).
Fig. 3A is a side view of a part of the space in Fig 1, where components to the right in Fig 1 and in the lower left corner of Fig 2 of the present invention are shown in more detail.
Fig. 3B is a side view of a part of the space in Fig 1, where components to the right in Fig 1 and in the lower left corner of Fig 2 of the present invention are shown in more detail.
Fig 4A is a side view of at least one component of Figs. 1, 2, and 3B being partially shown in section to reveal its inside with a mechanism according to one aspect of the present invention.
Fig 4B is a perspective partial view of at least one component of Figs. 1, 2, and 3B partially shown in section to reveal its inside in an example not forming part of the invention.
Fig. 5 shows a side view of the component not forming part of the invention.
Fig. 6 shows side views of the components in Figs. 1, 2, 3A and 3B to better reveal aspects and principle according to the present invention.
Fig 7A is a view of the lower end/part of at least one component in Figs. 1 to 6 according to one aspect of the present invention.
Fig 7B is a view of the lower end/part of at least one component in Figs. 1 to 6 according to another aspect of the present invention.
Fig 8 is a perspective view of the lower end/part of the component shown in Figs. 7A and 7B in more detail according to aspects of the present invention.
Fig 9 is a partly sectional and perspective view of the lower end/part of the component shown in Figs. 7A, 7B and 8 in more detail for illustration of location of a device of the component according to aspects of the present invention.

DETAILED DESCRIPTION

Figures 1 to 4A and 6 to 9 show an energy distribution system 1 and associated components according to the invention. This system 1 is in energy communication/exchange with at least a part or zone 7 of a space 6 that is either to be heated or cooled by means of the inventive system 1 in response to the energy demand of at least a part or zone 7 of the space. The type of space 6 is of no importance to the invention, the space 6 may be large or small or more than one or be one large space divided into zones 7 or sections or groups or similar. The space 6 is commonly at least part of a residential or industrial building (not shown) or at least part of a ship or at least part of a swimming pool to be heated or cooled. The part 7 of the space 6 is at least part of a floor or wall or ceiling (not shown) of the space 6 or at least part of an air ventilating system (not shown).
The inventive energy distribution system 1 has a purpose of heating/cooling the space 6 by means of fluid distribution for energy exchange between fluid and structural entities, directly or indirectly, and/or between fluid and ambient air directly or indirectly via the structural entity. Therefore, the system 1 comprises a heating and/or cooling source or system or unit 8 configured to heat and/or cool fluid, such as water or a mix of water and substance for preventing ice formation if low temperatures of fluid are utilised. The heating and/or cooling unit 8 is for instance a district heating or central heating unit or domestic heating unit, when used for heating fluid, or a heat pump for fluid or an air heat pump when cooling the fluid. The type of heating/cooling unit 8 is not of great importance in relation to the invention, its purpose is to supply warmer or colder fluid to at least the part/zone 7 of the space 6 for heat exchange therewith and to receive warmer or colder fluid from the zone/part 7 of the space 6 after the heat exchange and to heat or cool the fluid that is returned from the space, in response to the energy demand of the space 6, and to supply fluid, either colder or warmer, anew to the space if demanded. The essence of the heating/cooling unit 8 is to supply heated or cooled fluid within a low temperature range and in a higher pressure range and/or higher flow rate, e.g. water/fluid flow rate boundaries reaching from 0.8 to 1.4 l/min of each tube of tubing of the inventive system having a denser pattern of tubes, i.e. the invention uses more tubing per unit area than in prior art, which tubes actualize heat exchange with the space 6 to be heated or cooled means that more fluid per unit of time is passed through the space during heat exchange according to the invention compared to prior art. As an example is at least 5 m of tubing used for the same zone/space/area where about 2 m of tubing is used in prior art. Hence, the difference at a utilized fluid flow of 1.2 l/min is for the invention = 5 · 1.2 · 60 = 360 l/h (1.2 l/min and 5 m tubing) versus 2 · 0.85 · 60 = 102 l/h for the prior art (0.85 l/min and 2 m tubing). This is commonly translated into a total fluid flow per m², as following, i.e. 0.8 - 1.4 l/min is translated to 10 - 20 l/(m² · h) for the invention while prior art uses 4-6 l/(m² · h). This distinguishing difference between the invention and prior art in combination with utilization of a low/lower temperature range of 2 to 6 K (ΔT) according to the invention compared to prior art systems utilizing about 10-15 K (ΔT) have the effect that more than 100 times of turnover per hour are achieved by use of the inventive energy distribution system compared to less than 20 turnovers per hour for prior art systems.
As shown in figures 1 to 9, the energy distribution system 1 comprises at least one or more distributors 10, 20. A first distributor 10 comprises at least one main inlet 12 for receiving heated and/or cooled fluid via a fluid inlet 4 for fluid inflow 2 downstream of/from a heating or cooling system/unit 8. The warm/heated or cold/cooled fluid is lead from the first distributor further into tubing or tubes or conduits 30 of the system 1. Tubing 30 enables the fluid to exchange heat with at least a part 7 of the space 6. The energy distribution system 1 comprises at least one second distributor 20. The second distributor 20 comprises a main outlet 22 for discharging the heated or cooled fluid via a fluid return outlet 5 for fluid outflow 3 after the heat exchange in the space 6 and back to the heating/cooling unit 8. The system 1 comprises at least one pump 9 for biasing the fluid through the system and its tubing 30 and distributors 10, 20 and the heating/cooling 8. System 1 comprises further components, e.g. different types of valves, such as shutoff valves, and/or more than one pump 9 as applicable, and conduits and tube/pipe fittings and regulators, such as thermostats 70 and the like, being empowered by electrical means to be functional and controlled by at least one control unit, however, such components and control of energy distribution systems are well known to the skilled person and will not be explained in detail. One or more thermostats is applicable, such as one indoor thermostat 70 in the space to the left in Fig. 1 and/or one outdoor thermostat 70 to the right in Fig. 1. One or more or all thermostats 70 is in operative connection with the heating/cooling source 8 and any control unit (not shown) by means of wiring or wireless communication for enabling the functionality of the energy distribution system 1.
According to system 1 shown in figs. 3 to 9, tubing 30 is detachably connected between outlets 13, 13', X, X' of the first distributor 10 and inlets 23, 23', X", X‴ of the second distributor 20. This enables a communicating fluid flow between distributors to enable energy exchange between the warm/cool fluid flowing through the tubing and the space 6. According to the invention, tubing 30 comprises tubes of corresponding length L (see fig. 6).
According to another aspect of the invention, tubing 30 comprises tubes of equal length L (see fig. 6), and in yet another aspect of the invention, tubing 30 comprises tubes having substantially the same length L (see fig. 6). According to one more aspect of the invention, tubing 30 comprises tubes having the same length L (see fig. 6). According to one aspect of the invention, the tubing 30 comprises tubes of which all tubes are of corresponding length L (see fig. 6) or each tube has a length L corresponding to the other tubes. According to an aspect of the invention, tubing 30 comprises tubes of which all tubes have equal length L (see fig. 6) or each tube has equal length L. According to another aspect of the invention, tubing 30 comprises tubes which all tubes have the substantially same length L or the same length, i.e. each tube has substantially the same length or the same length L as the other tubes. The above and below length L of each tube is between about 20 to 40 m or between exactly 20 to 40 m. Each tube loop has exactly the same length L in the system 1. Hence, either each tube length/loop is 20 m or 40 m in each system 1 or has the same length L being anywhere between those lengths in each system 1 or each zone 7 of the system/-s 1 and/or space/-s 6 to be heated/cooled. Each tube for each distributor 10, 20 has the same length L as the other tubes of the whole tubing 30. In some aspects, one zone of the space 6 comprises two or more distributors depending on heat/cooling need in the space and/or the area of the space to be heated or cooled. If for example four or more distributors 10, 20 are used for the space 6, each pair of distributors 10, 20 is either arranged or working in one separate zone each or both pairs of distributors 10, 20 are arranged or working in one and the same zone of the space. If at least one further pair of distributors 10, 20 is used, each further distributor pair is either arranged or working in a separate zone of itself or cooperating in a common zone with either one of the other pairs or cooperating with both pairs or with more than two pairs or with all of the other pairs of distributors 10, 20 of one or more zones and/or spaces 6. One zone of the space 6 comprises at least one pair of distributors 10, 20 or more than one pair. The energy system 1 comprises a heating and/or cooling source or system or unit 8 configured to heat and/or cool fluid, such as water or a mix of water and substance for preventing ice formation if low temperatures of fluid are utilised. The heating and/or cooling unit 8 is for instance a district heating or a central heating unit or a domestic heating unit, when used for heating fluid, or a heat pump for fluid or an air heat pump or an air conditioning unit. The type of heating/cooling unit 8 is in principle not of importance in relation to the invention, its purpose is to supply low temperature fluid to at least the part 7 of the space 6 for heat exchange therewith and to receive warmer or colder fluid from the part of the space after the heat exchange and to heat or cool the fluid that is returned, in response to the energy demand of the space 6, and to supply fluid anew to the space if demanded.
For simplicity, the following description of the inventive system 1 will focus on heating and/or cooling of at least part of a floor or one or more floors of the space 6, but is equally applicable if heating and/or cooling of at least part of a wall or one or more walls of the space 6 and/or if heating and/or cooling of at least part of a ceiling or one or more ceilings of the space is to be performed. The fluid used for this is preferably low temperature water. As seen in figs. 1 to 6, heated or cooled water is supplied from the heating and/or cooling unit 8 by means of at least one water pump 9 via conduits as a fluid inflow 2 into the first distributor 10 and guided via this first distributor 10 through its inlet 12 and fluid inlet 4 and its inner volume to its outlets 13, 13', X, X' and lead further to the tubing 30, i.e. a number of conduits Y arranged in the floor 7 of the space 6 that is a residential building (see fig 1). Then, the "warm" or "cold" water, but still at low temperature, of the tubing 30 arranged in the floor exchanges heat with the floor 7. The floor either radiates heat and heats ambient air, if the space 6 is to be heated, or absorbs heat and cools ambient air/surroundings, if the space 6 is to be cooled, whereby the thereafter warmer or colder water flows further and into the second distributor 20 via its inlets 23, 23', X", X‴ after the heat exchange. The water is then lead through the inner volume of the distributor 20 and out through its outlet 22 and return outlet 5 as a fluid outflow 3 via conduits back to the heating/cooling unit 8. Tubing 30 are arranged as fluid carrying channels arranged in for example a concrete floor or the covering of the floor provided thereon or clamped to an intermediate or upper layer of the floor 7 depending on the floor configuration.
The energy distribution system 1 comprises one or more first and/or second distributors 10, 20 of fluid. The energy distribution system 1 is characterised in that the tubing 30 comprises tubes of substantially the same or equal or exactly the same length L being between about 20 to 40 m. The length L of tubing 30 is at least 5 to 12 m or 6 to 12 m of tubing 30 per m² of at least the part 7 of the space 6 or the whole space to be heated and/or cooled. The length L of tubing 30 is preferably at least 6 to 9 m of tubing per m² of at least the part 7 of the space 6 or the whole space to be heated and/or cooled. The length L of tubing 30 is more preferably 6 to 8 m of tubing per m² of at least the part 7 of the space 6 or the whole space to be heated and/or cooled. The length L of tubing 30 is most preferred 6.5 to 7.5 m of tubing per m² of at least the part 7 of the space 6 or the whole space to be heated and/or cooled.
One or more or each distributor 10, 20 comprise/-s at least one or more inner rails 11, 21 to compensate for varying pressure in the fluid flow through the distributor by enabling altering, i.e. decreasing the inner distributor volume in the fluid flow direction from its first in- and/or outlet 12, 13, 23 to its last in- and/or outlet 22, X, X'. The pressure compensation is achieved in that the larger inner distributor volume in relation to the size of each in-/outlet is decreased along the flow direction there through. The rail 11, 21 is at least partly movable inside its associated distributor 10, 20 by means of a mechanism 60 in a direction towards or from the in- or outlets 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴ of the distributor to decrease its inner volume in response to pressure varying from its first in- and/or outlet 12, 13, 23 to the last in- and/or outlet 22, X, X' of the distributor. In an aspect not forming part of the invention, the rail 11, 21 is fixedly arranged inside one or more distributors 10, 20 to decrease its inner volume in response to fluid pressure varying from its first in- and/or outlet 12, 13, 23 to its last in-/outlet 22, X, X'. Optionally, the system 1 comprises one or more distributors 10, 20 with a fixedly attached rail 11, 21 in an aspect not forming part of the invention and/or one or more distributors 10, 20 with a movable/ adjustable rail 11, 21 or comprises distributors 10, 20 of which each distributor comprises at least one pressure compensating rail 11, 21 that may be either fixed in an aspect not forming part of the invention or adjustable.
One or more of the distributors 10, 20 comprises at least two or more rows 14, 15, 24, 25 of in- or outlets 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴. Each and/or one and the same distributor 10, 20 comprises at least two or more rows 14, 15, 24, 25 of in- or outlets 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴. For one or more or each distributor 10, 20, the in- and/or outlets 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴ of one in- and/or outlet row 14, 24, 15, 25 are displaced at a distance D, D' from the in- and/or outlets of another row of in- and/or outlets in a direction substantially perpendicular to and/or in parallel with the longitudinal direction of the associated distributor. In one or more or each distributor 10, 20, each in- or outlet 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴ of each in- or outlet row 14, 24, 15, 25 is displaced at corresponding or equal or same distance D, D' from each other along each row. In one or more or each distributor 10, 20, the in- or outlets 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴ of the at least two in-/outlet rows 14, 24, 15, 25 are arranged so that a zigzag and/or staggered pattern of the in-/outlets along the distributor is achieved. In one or more or each distributor 10, 20, the at least two in- or outlet rows 14, 24, 15, 25 are displaced at a distance Dʺʺ from each other in a direction substantially perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the associated distributor. In one or more or each distributor 10, 20, its or their connecting part 100, 200 comprise/-s at least 2 to 8 in- or outlets 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴ per 50 mm length of the distributor 10, 20. In one or more or each distributor 10, 20, its/their connecting part 100, 200 comprise/-s preferably at least 3 to 7 in- or outlets per 50 mm length of the distributor 10, 20. In one or more or each distributor 10, 20, its/their connecting part 100, 200 comprise/-s more preferred at least 3 to 6 in- or outlets per 50 mm length of distributor 10, 20. In one or more or each distributor 10, 20, its/their connecting part 100, 200 comprise/-s most preferred 3 to 5 or 3 to 4 in- or outlets per 50 mm length of distributor 10, 20. In- or outlets 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴ of the distributor 10, 20 are arranged along the length L_D and width of the distributor in the following way (see figs. 7A and 7B). The in-/ outlets 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴ of the distributor 10, 20 are arranged at a distance D" and/or D‴ from the edge/ends of the distributor along the length L_D and/or width of the distributor.
The distances D or D' in figs. 7A and 7B between in- or outlets 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴ along the length of the distributor 10, 20 is dimensioned with corresponding/equal/the same distance or different distances, i.e. distance D is either different to distance D' or corresponds to or is equal/same distance. The distance D" from any end of the distributor 10, 20 to the first or last in-/ outlet 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴ along the length of the distributor is laid out with corresponding/equal/ same distance or a different distance as distances D and D' (distance D" is only shown as measured from one end of the distributor but may be measured from either end or both distributor ends). The arrangement of the distances D, D', D" along the length of the distributor 10, 20 is uniform or regularly or equally divided to achieve an optimal inner pressure distribution. The distances are also dimensioned, i.e. adapted to the length L_D of the distributor. The distances D‴ or Dʺʺ in figs. 7A and 7B between in- or outlets 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴ along the width of the distributor 10, 20 is laid out with corresponding or equal or the same distance or different distances, i.e. distance D‴ is either different to distance Dʺʺ or corresponds to or is equal/same distance. The length L_D of the distributor 10, 20 is expressed in the following equation L_D = 2 · D" + Σ x · (D or D')/2 where x is the number of in- or outlets 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴. Some aspects of the invention gives distance D" = 30-50 mm and D and/or D' = 10 - 30 mm or preferably 12 - 25 mm and distance D‴ and/or Dʺʺ to be between 10 - 25 mm or preferably 12 - 20 mm. Above distances depend on available space and correct pressure distribution, e.g. the distributor/- s 10, 20 must fit into a standard cabinet.
One or more or each distributor 10, 20 comprises at its/their inside the rail 11, 21 fixedly arranged in an aspect not forming part of the invention and/or comprises at its/their inside the rail as at least partly movable by means of the mechanism 60 (see fig 4A) in relation to the in- and/or outlets 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴. The inner rail 11, 21 of any distributor 10, 20 is an internal split that adjusts the liquid pressure for optimal pressure distribution through the distributor and to the pipe/tube connectors. This rail in combination with the arrangement of distances D, D', D" and/or D‴ and/or Dʺʺ along the length and/or width of the distributor 10, 20 further improves the optimal pressure distribution.
Examples of patterns of the laid out tubing 30 according to the invention are shown in figs. 1 and 2. Any of these patterns of laid out tubing 30 is combinable with any other pattern of laid out tubing according to the invention if, e.g. two spaces 6 are present and are to be heated and/or cooled, such as two rooms side-by-side. More than two first and second distributors 10, 20 would then be used and additional equipment added in proportion to this making the energy distribution system 1 in principle, or at least functionally, and in number of associated components almost or twice as big. If more than two rooms 6 comprising one or more zones are to be heated and/or cooled, the number of distributors and associated equipment are in an aspect multiplied proportionally to the number of spaces/rooms 6 and zones.
Another aspect not forming part of the invention, concerns a method of laying out tubing 30 of the energy distribution system 1 for heating and/or cooling at least a part 7 of the space 6 or the whole space if applicable. The method is adapted to be utilized in e.g. a residential building, ship or swimming pool according to any of the above aspects. The method comprises laying out the tubing 30 with varying distance, such as a distance between centers C/C of the tubes (see Figs. 1 and 2). The method comprises laying out the tubing 30 in differing patterns as required to differing energy demands of the space 6, optionally in combination with varying distance C/C between each tube of the tubing (see Figs. 1 and 2). The method comprises laying out the tubing 30 in differing patterns as required to differing energy demands of the space 6, optionally, i.e. if required, in combination with varying distance C/C between each tube of the tubing and/or along each individual or separate path or winding of each individual tube of the tubing 30 (see Figs. 1 and 2).This distance C/C is smaller in areas of the space having a higher energy demand, such as at a window W or door with or without a window W, creating a more dense pattern of tubing in that/those area/areas. This distance C/C is larger in areas of the space 6 having a lower energy demand creating a less dense pattern of tubing 30 in that/those area/areas, such as at an inner wall not directly connected to the outdoor or a colder part of a building. The energy or power demand of each m² depends on or is due to the distance center to center (C/C) between tubes and between the winding/-s of one and the same tube of the tubing 30. Referring to figs. 1 and 2, the tubing closer to the window W has a C/C of 50 - 100 mm, while the tubing on the remains of the floor/part 7 of the space has a C/C of 100 - 300 mm. This gives a mixed piping or tubing 30 exposition/layout compared to prior art where tubing is laid out with the same distance center to center (C/C) between tubes. The inventive lay-out patterns of the invention create a pressure balance in the energy distribution system 1 and enable the system to self-regulate.
The method according to the above comprises connecting a first end 31 of each tube of the tubing 30 to an associated outlet 13, 13', X, X" of a first distributor 10. The method comprises adapting (e.g. by cutting) the length of each individual tube of tubing 30 into corresponding or substantially the same or equal or the same length L as the other tubes, i.e. into L = from about 20 to 40 m or any length therebetween. This adaption of tube length is done either before connecting the first end 31 of each tube of the tubing 30 to the associated outlet 13, 13', X, X" of the first distributor 10 or after. This tube length is fitted so that the tubing 30 is enabled to be laid out at/over/on a floor, wall or a roof in a pattern with different layout for each of the tubes in at least a part 7 of the space 6 to be heated and/or cooled. The method comprises laying out each tube of the tubing 30 in the pattern adapted to the required demand on heating/cooling of the space. The method comprises connecting the second end 32 of each tube of the tubing 30, Y to an associated inlet 23, 23', X', X‴ of a second distributor 20 before or after the layout thereof.
The method of laying out tubing 30, Y of the system 1 according to above aspects comprises connecting the first end 31 of a first tube of the tubing 30 detachably to the first outlet 13, 13' of the first distributor 10. The method comprises adapting (e.g. by cutting) the length L of the first tube of the tubing into a length L corresponding to or being substantially the same or being equal or same length L as the other tubes before or after connecting the first end 31 of the first tube of the tubing 30 detachably to the first outlet 13, 13' of the first distributor, such that the length L is between 20 to 40 m depending on shape, size and energy demand of the space. The tube length L is fitted to be laid out at/over/on/in a floor, wall or a roof in a first pattern in the space 6. The method comprises laying out the first tube of tubing 30 in the first pattern adapted to the required energy demand of the space. The method comprises detachably connecting the second end 32 of the first tube of the tubing 30 to the first inlet 23, 23' of the second distributor 20 before or after the layout thereof. The method comprises detachably connecting a first end 31 of a next tube Y of the tubing 30 to a next outlet X, X" of the first distributor 10. The method comprises adapting (e.g. by cutting) the next tube Y of tubing into a length L that corresponds to or is substantially the same or is equal to the length L of the first laid-out tube of the tubing before or after connecting the first end 31 of the next tube Y of tubing detachably to the next outlet X, X" of the first distributor. The tube length L is fitted to be laid out at/over/on a floor, wall or a roof in a next pattern in the space. The method comprises laying out the next tube Y of the tubing 30 in the next pattern adapted to the required energy demand of the space. The method comprises connecting the second end 32 of the next tube Y of tubing 30 detachably to another inlet X', X‴ of the second distributor 20 before or after the layout of one or more tubes or the whole tubing. The method comprises repeating the above steps until all tubes Y of the tubing 30 are laid out and connected to the distributors 10, 20.
In accordance with the inventive system 1 and its layout method and inherent advantages, such as using tubing 30 that do not have tubes of different lengths, any valves in at least one or each distributor 10, 20 are eliminated meaning that the distributor is valveless. One effect of the inventive system 1 and its method is that each of the distributors 10, 20 is made valveless. Figs. 5 and 6 show the inventive principle where two distributors 10, 20 are arranged so that the tubes of the tubing 30 is visualized more clearly with their lengths L that correspond or are substantially the same or equal or the same if the tubes were connected to the distributors before being laid/spread out at least partly in the space 6 shown in Figs. 1 and 2.
One and the same distributor 10, 20 in the inventive system 1 comprises at least two rows of in- and/or outlets 13, 23, X, X' being aligned substantially in parallel along the length of the distributor. The rail/internal split/ pressure rail 11, 21 of the distributor 10, 20 is movable to be able to adjust the inner volume of its associated distributor.
The rail 11, 21 may be movably attached inside the distributor 10, 20 by means of a hinge, or pivot at one end so that its adjustability/movability is performed by changing its angle α by rotating the rail around a rotational axis, whereby its angle α in relation to the longitudinal direction of the distributor is variable. The right end of the rail closest to main inlet 12 of the distributor in fig 4A is the fixed point around which the rail is adapted to move/swirl. This angle α is between 5° to 40° or is variable between 5° to 40° in relation to the longitudinal direction of the distributor 10, 20 or the horizontal (see Figs. 4A and 6). The angle of the rail enables it to function as a wall similar to an anvil that the oncoming fluid moves along, so that pressure variation along the length of the distributor is compensated, i.e. balanced. The rail 11, 21 is arranged so that the inner volume of the first distributor 10 decreases from its inlet 12 or first outlet 13, 13' to its last outlet X, X' for the first distributor 10. Optionally, a rail 11, 21 is arranged so that the inner volume of the second distributor 20 decreases from its first inlet 23, 23' to the outlet 22 and its last inlet X", X‴. Each distributor optionally comprises one or more rails 11, 21 or only one distributor comprises one or more rails. If more than two distributors 10, 20 are utilised in the system 1, as an option, only one, only two or more distributors may be equipped with one or more pressure compensating rails 11, 21. The angle α for the rail 11, 21 is measured in relation to or from the upper part of the distributor opposite its in- and/or outlets 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴ (see Figs. 3B, 4A, 4B, and 6). Rail 11, 21 is either a linear or linearly straight element (see Figs. 4A and 6) or a bent or curved with a certain constant radius R or bent/curved with a varying radius R from a larger radius at the inlet 12, 22 of the first or second distributor to a smaller radius at the last outlet X, X' of the first distributor/last inlet X", X‴ of the second distributor (see Figs. 3B and 4A).
The rail 11, 21 may be attached by means of linear guides at each end, which guides are connected to or a part of the inside of the distributor 10, 20, so that rail adjustability, i.e. rail movability is performed by moving the rail linearly along the guides in a direction inside the distributor being substantially perpendicular to or substantially in parallel with the length, i.e. the longitudinal extension of the distributor towards or from the in-/outlets of the distributor.
The rail 11, 21 may be fixedly integrated inside at least one, two or more distributors 10, 20 in an aspect not forming part of the invention. The rail 11, 21 is in some aspects linearly movable inside the distributor 10, 20, whereby the inner distributor volume is decreased when the rail is moved towards the in-/ outlets 13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴ along and/or perpendicularly to the length of the distributor, i.e. its longitudinal axis. Hence, the rail 11, 21 is configured to be move axially and/or radially in relation to the longitudinal extension of any distributor 10, 20. Independently if a fixed or adjustable/ movable rail 11, 21 is used, such a rail may be arranged/integrated inside at least one, two or more distributors 10, 20, e.g. only in the first distributor 10 or only in the second distributor 20 or in both.

NOMENCLATURE

1 Energy distribution system
2 Fluid inflow
3 Fluid outflow
4 Fluid inlet
5 Fluid return outlet
6 Space to be heated/cooled, e.g. residential/industrial building, ship, swimming pool
7 Area/Part/Zone of the space to be heated and/or cooled
8 Heating and/or cooling system/unit
9 Pump for fluid
10 First distributor/distributing pipe/manifold
11 Inner volume reducing/increasing/pressure compensating member/rail of first manifold
12 Fluid main inlet of the first distributor
13, 13' First fluid outlet of first and second row of outlets of the first distributor
X, X' Arbitrary/Last fluid outlet of first/second row of outlets of first distributor
14 First row of outlets 13, X of the first distributor
15 Second row of outlets 13', X' of the first distributor
20 Second distributor/distributing pipe/manifold
21 Inner volume reducing/increasing/pressure compensating member/rail of second manifold
22 Fluid main outlet of the second distributor
23, 23' First fluid inlet of first and second row of inlets of the second distributor
X", X‴ Arbitrary/Last fluid inlet of first/second row of inlets of second distributor
24 First row of inlets 23, X" of the second distributor
25 Second row of inlets 23', X‴ of the second distributor
30 Tubes/Tubing/Hoses of EPDM ethylene-propylene rubber/Cross-linked Polyethylene (PEX)
31 First end of a tube
32 Second end of a tube
33 Female member at end of a tube, e.g. a groove.
Y Arbitrary/Last tube of the tubing
40 Female section, e.g. in the form of a groove, at connecting part of a distributor
50 Sealing, e.g. an o-ring, packing, packing ring, performed packing
60 Device/Mechanism for adjusting/moving the pressure compensating rail
70 Device for control of the heating/cooling, such as a thermostat
100 Tube/Hose connecting/coupling part of the first distributor
200 Tube/Hose connecting/coupling part of the second distributor
D, D', D", D‴, D"" Distance between distributor ends and in-/outlets and between in-/outlets
R radius of rail if bent/curved
α angle between upper inner part of distributor and rail
W Window or door (with or without window) facing/leading to a roof/balcony/terrace
X Number of in- or outlets of the distributor
L Length of tubes of tubing
L_D Length of the distributor

Claims

Energy distribution system (1) for heating or cooling a space (6), at least partly, by means of fluid distribution for heat exchange between distributed fluid and at least a part (7) of the space, comprising
- at least one first distributor (10) comprising a main inlet (12) adapted for receiving heating or cooling fluid by means of a fluid inlet (4) for fluid inflow (2),

- at least one second distributor (20) comprising a main outlet (22) adapted for discharging heating or cooling fluid by means of a fluid return outlet (5) for fluid outflow (3), and

- tubing (30) connected between outlets (13, 13', X, X') of the first distributor (10) and inlets (23, 23', X", X‴) of the second distributor (20) to create a fluid flow path between the distributors to enable exchange of heat between the heating or cooling fluid flowing through the tubing laid out in the space (6) and the space,

characterised in that the tubing (30) comprises tubes of substantially same length (L), and

that at least one distributor (10, 20) comprises at least one rail (11, 21) arranged inside the distributor, the rail being configured to compensate varying pressure in the fluid flow through the distributor by decreasing its inner volume in the fluid flow direction from its first in- or outlet (12, 13, 23) to its last in- or outlet (22, X, X') in relation to the size of each in- or outlet, and

that the rail (11, 21) is at least partly movable inside the distributor (10, 20) by means of a mechanism (60) in a direction towards or from the in- or outlets (13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴) of the distributor to decrease the inner distributor volume in response to pressure varying from the first in- or outlet (12, 13, 23) to the last in- or outlet (22, X, X') of the distributor.
Energy distribution system (1) according to claim 1, wherein the tubing (30) comprises at least one or more tubes having an inner diameter smaller than 10 mm..
Energy distribution system (1) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the tubing is configured to be laid out in at least a part (7) of the space (6) to be heated or cooled, wherein the tubing (30) comprises 5 to 12 m of tubing (30) per m2 of at least the part (7) of the space (6) to be heated or cooled, preferably 6 to 9 m of tubing per m2 of at least the part (7) of the space (6) to be heated or cooled, more preferably 6 to 8 m of tubing per m2 of at least the part (7) of the space (6) to be heated or cooled, or most preferred 6.5 to 7.5 m of tubing per m2 of at least the part (7) of the space (6) to be heated or cooled.
Energy distribution system (1) according to any preceding claim, wherein the tubing (30) comprises at least one or more tubes having an inner diameter larger than 2; preferably larger than 4 mm; or more preferably larger than 4.5 mm.
Energy distribution system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the rail (11, 21) is linearly movable inside the distributor (10, 20), whereby the inner distributor volume is decreased when the rail is moved towards the in- or outlets (13, 13', 23, 23', X, X', X", X‴).
Energy distribution system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein each distributor (10, 20) of the system (1) comprises at least one pressure compensating rail (11, 21).
Energy distribution system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the tubing (30) comprises tubes of substantially the same length or equal length or same length being between about 20 to 40 m.
Energy distribution system (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the space is a residential building, a ship or a swimming pool.