EP3559542B1 - Dispositif, système et procédé de régulation de la pression pour un réservoir de stockage de gaz naturel liquéfié - Google Patents

Dispositif, système et procédé de régulation de la pression pour un réservoir de stockage de gaz naturel liquéfié Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3559542B1
EP3559542B1 EP17825592.3A EP17825592A EP3559542B1 EP 3559542 B1 EP3559542 B1 EP 3559542B1 EP 17825592 A EP17825592 A EP 17825592A EP 3559542 B1 EP3559542 B1 EP 3559542B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
gas
tank
boil
pressure
heat exchanger
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17825592.3A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3559542A1 (fr
Inventor
Hicham GUEDACHA
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Engie SA
Original Assignee
Engie SA
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Priority to PL17825592T priority Critical patent/PL3559542T3/pl
Publication of EP3559542A1 publication Critical patent/EP3559542A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3559542B1 publication Critical patent/EP3559542B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/02—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment
    • F17C13/025—Special adaptations of indicating, measuring, or monitoring equipment having the pressure as the parameter
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0332—Safety valves or pressure relief valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F17C2205/0335—Check-valves or non-return valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0626—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/044—Avoiding pollution or contamination
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/04—Reducing risks and environmental impact
    • F17C2260/046—Enhancing energy recovery
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/03—Treating the boil-off
    • F17C2265/032—Treating the boil-off by recovery
    • F17C2265/033—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling
    • F17C2265/034—Treating the boil-off by recovery with cooling with condensing the gas phase
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a device, system and method for regulating the pressure for a liquefied natural gas storage tank. It applies, in particular, to the field of transporting liquefied natural gas by a vehicle or to any mobile or stationary cryogenic storage tank, pressurized or non-pressurized.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • Vaporized LNG is called “evaporative gas” (translated from English “boil-off gas”, abbreviated “BOG”). This evaporative gas is also called “gas sky” in an LNG tank. The temporal accumulation of evaporative gas causes an increase in pressure inside the tank as the LNG is transported.
  • the evaporating gas contained in the tank consisting of nitrogen and methane, is discharged into the atmosphere in order to avoid degrade the mechanical integrity of the tank.
  • the present invention aims to remedy all or part of these drawbacks.
  • the evaporating gas can be cooled and / or liquefied by a heat exchanger instead of being dispersed in the atmosphere when the pressure in the tank is too high. This makes it possible to keep the reservoir close to a predetermined pressure setpoint.
  • the evaporating gas acts as a hot body in the heat exchanger, the cold body being formed from liquid nitrogen, the flow rate of liquid nitrogen depending on the flow rate of the evaporating gas entering the heat exchanger. the exchanger and / or a temperature of the evaporating gas leaving the exchanger.
  • the device which is the subject of the present invention comprises an evaporation means configured to evaporate part of the liquid nitrogen in the tank so as to increase the pressure inside the tank to cause the flow. liquid nitrogen to the heat exchanger.
  • the device that is the subject of the present invention comprises an outlet for the liquid nitrogen evaporated into the atmosphere.
  • the device that is the subject of the present invention comprises, downstream of at least one overflow valve, a non-return valve.
  • the device that is the subject of the present invention comprises, downstream of the first overflow, a micro-compressor for the evaporating gas.
  • the micro-compressor makes it possible to ensure the flow of gas towards the storage volume up to the maximum storage pressure of this volume, that is to say the calibration pressure of the second regulator, P 2 .
  • the function of the storage volume is to temporarily store a volume of gas, making it possible to delay the use of the cold fluid and to limit intermittent or “plug” cooling of gas.
  • the device that is the subject of the present invention comprises an auxiliary heat exchanger, downstream of the heat exchanger, on the path traveled by the cold fluid, configured to vaporize the heated cold fluid in the heat exchanger. heat.
  • regulator is used to refer to a valve whose purpose is to reduce the pressure of a network to the intended working pressure of the system. Such a regulator is mounted in series between the pressure source and the user station. An upstream pressure regulator or regulator is intended to limit a pressure in a pipe in the event of pressure variations. It has the same function as a relief valve.
  • Such a regulator can be replaced by an assembly formed by a valve, a pressure sensor upstream of the valve and a pressure sensor downstream of the valve, the valve being activated when the pressure sensed is greater than the limit pressure value corresponding to the operating pressure of the equivalent overflow valve and when the pressure picked up downstream is less than the pressure picked up upstream of the valve.
  • cold fluid is used to refer to a fluid the temperature of which is lower than the temperature of liquefied natural gas at a given pressure and capable of partially or totally cooling or liquefying the gas evaporating liquefied natural gas.
  • the transfer line 105 is fixed, for example, by screwing in fixing plates positioned in contact with one another and provided with at least one thread for the passage of screws.
  • a seal is positioned between the two plates, this seal having an annular structure. This fixation can be undone.
  • This attachment is removable, which allows the device 100 to be removed from the reservoir 200.
  • the first regulator 110 is configured to let the evaporating gas pass when the pressure in the reservoir 200 is greater than the first predetermined limit value, P 1 .
  • This predetermined limit value is chosen so as never to exceed the maximum operating pressure for which the reservoir 200 has been dimensioned and varies according to the reservoir 200 to which the device 100 is attached.
  • This first predetermined limit value can be set during the manufacture of the device 100 or during the fixing of the device 100 to the reservoir 200 by an operator via a control interface of the first overflow device 110.
  • This control interface can be mechanical or digital and , depending on an interaction between the interface and the operator, varying the value of the first limit value.
  • the reservoir 200 preferably comprises a usual vent 201 for any gas capacity in order to avoid overpressures liable to damage the reservoir 200.
  • the first predetermined limit value is less than the activation value of the vent 201.
  • the exchanger 115 is, for example, a plate exchanger whose plate acts as a heat exchange medium between the hot evaporating gas and a cold fluid, such as liquid nitrogen or a liquefied inert gas.
  • the exchanger 115 is a tubular exchanger, or a plate exchanger or a coiled exchanger.
  • the exchanger 115 is dimensioned, and the cold fluid chosen, such that at a given flow rate of evaporation gas in the exchanger 115, the evaporation gas is liquefied at the outlet.
  • the fixing of the return pipe 120 is achieved, for example, by screwing fixing plates positioned in contact with one another and provided with at least one thread for the passage of screws.
  • a seal is positioned between the two plates, this seal having an annular structure. This fixation can be undone.
  • This attachment is removable, which allows the device 100 to be removed from the reservoir 200.
  • the cold fluid storage volume 135 is sized in order to have enough cold fluid to cool / liquefy the evaporating gas from the volume 125 and to guarantee the absence of emissions during the total duration of a trip from the tank 200 a minimum.
  • the second regulator 130 is configured to allow the evaporation gas contained in the storage volume 125 to pass through when the pressure in this volume 125 is greater than the second predetermined limit value P 2 .
  • This second predetermined limit value is chosen such that it is greater than the sum of the first predetermined limit value P 1 , of the pressure drop caused by the circulation of gas in the pipes, 105 and 120, of the pressure drop in l. heat exchanger 115.
  • this second predetermined limit value varies according to the reservoir 200 to which the device 100 is attached. A margin corresponding to the estimated pressure drop of the circuit must be added to this sum to guarantee a sufficient injection flow rate inside the circuit. tank 200.
  • the volume 125 preferably comprises a usual vent 126 for any gas capacity in order to avoid overpressures liable to damage the volume 125.
  • the second predetermined limit value is less than the activation value of the vent 126.
  • This second predetermined limit value can be set during the manufacture of the device 100 or during the fixing of the device 100 to the reservoir 200 by an operator via a control interface of the second overflow 130.
  • This control interface can be mechanical or digital and , depending on an interaction between the interface and the operator, varying the value of the second limit value.
  • this regulator is actuated as a function of an evaporating gas pressure measured downstream of the regulator 630, this pressure being representative of the pressure of the evaporating gas in the exchanger 115 or of the gas pressure in the tank 200.
  • the evaporating gas acts as a hot body in the heat exchanger, the cold body being formed of liquid nitrogen, the flow of liquid nitrogen depending on the flow of evaporating gas entering the exchanger 115 and / or a temperature of the evaporating gas at the outlet of the exchanger 115.
  • the device 100 comprises an evaporation means 145 configured to evaporate a portion of the liquid nitrogen in the tank 135 so as to increase the pressure inside the tank to cause the flow of liquid nitrogen towards the tank. 'heat exchanger.
  • the evaporation means 145 is formed, for example, of a pipe for extracting liquid nitrogen contained in the tank 135, of a heat exchanger with a hot fluid, relative to the liquid nitrogen, such as air or water or an electrical resistance for example, to vaporize the liquid nitrogen and a pipe for injecting the vaporized liquid nitrogen into the tank 135.
  • the device 100 comprises an outlet 150 for the liquid nitrogen evaporated into the atmosphere.
  • the device 100 comprises, downstream of at least one overflow valve, 110 and / or 130, a non-return valve, 155 and / or 160.
  • the device 100 comprises, downstream of the first overflow 110, a micro-compressor 165 for the evaporating gas.
  • This micro-compressor 165 can be equipped with a recycling pipe to ensure, at the inlet of the micro-compressor, a minimum flow rate allowing the implementation of said micro-compressor.
  • This micro-compressor is configured to bring the evaporating gas to a pressure between the activation pressure of the first regulator 110 and the activation pressure of the second regulator 130 or 630.
  • the device object of the present invention comprises, an auxiliary heat exchanger 116, downstream of the heat exchanger 115, on the path traveled by the cold fluid, configured to vaporize the cold fluid heated in the heat exchanger 115 .
  • the objective of the auxiliary heat exchanger 116 is to vaporize and heat the cold fluid residues at the outlet of the exchanger 115.
  • This method 400 is carried out, for example, by the implementation of the device 100 as described with reference to the figure 1 or device 600 as described with reference to figure 1 .

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP17825592.3A 2016-12-21 2017-12-15 Dispositif, système et procédé de régulation de la pression pour un réservoir de stockage de gaz naturel liquéfié Active EP3559542B1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL17825592T PL3559542T3 (pl) 2016-12-21 2017-12-15 Urządzenie, układ i sposób regulacji ciśnienia w zbiorniku do magazynowania skroplonego gazu ziemnego

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1663065A FR3060708B1 (fr) 2016-12-21 2016-12-21 Dispositif, systeme et procede de regulation de la pression pour un reservoir de stockage de gaz naturel liquefie
PCT/FR2017/053614 WO2018115661A1 (fr) 2016-12-21 2017-12-15 Dispositif, système et procédé de régulation de la pression pour un réservoir de stockage de gaz naturel liquéfié

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3559542A1 EP3559542A1 (fr) 2019-10-30
EP3559542B1 true EP3559542B1 (fr) 2021-01-27

Family

ID=58347620

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17825592.3A Active EP3559542B1 (fr) 2016-12-21 2017-12-15 Dispositif, système et procédé de régulation de la pression pour un réservoir de stockage de gaz naturel liquéfié

Country Status (9)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3559542B1 (pl)
KR (1) KR20190100928A (pl)
CY (1) CY1124145T1 (pl)
DK (1) DK3559542T3 (pl)
ES (1) ES2870206T3 (pl)
FR (1) FR3060708B1 (pl)
PL (1) PL3559542T3 (pl)
PT (1) PT3559542T (pl)
WO (1) WO2018115661A1 (pl)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3141451A1 (fr) * 2022-11-02 2024-05-03 Fives Cryomec Ag Procédé de contrôle de la pression intérieure d’un réservoir cryogénique

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2841963B1 (fr) * 2002-07-05 2005-07-01 Air Liquide Procede de regulation en pression d'un reservoir de fluide cryogenique, et reservoir correspondant
JP5148319B2 (ja) * 2008-02-27 2013-02-20 三菱重工業株式会社 液化ガス再液化装置、これを備えた液化ガス貯蔵設備および液化ガス運搬船、並びに液化ガス再液化方法
GB201105823D0 (en) * 2011-04-06 2011-05-18 Liquid Gas Eqipment Ltd Method of cooling boil off gas and an apparatus therefor
JP2014224553A (ja) * 2013-05-15 2014-12-04 株式会社Ihi 低温液化ガスタンク
US20150219391A1 (en) * 2014-02-05 2015-08-06 Air Liquide Industrial U.S. Lp Method and apparatus for recovery of condensable gases from liquid storage tanks

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
DK3559542T3 (da) 2021-04-26
EP3559542A1 (fr) 2019-10-30
CY1124145T1 (el) 2022-05-27
ES2870206T3 (es) 2021-10-26
FR3060708A1 (fr) 2018-06-22
FR3060708B1 (fr) 2019-10-25
KR20190100928A (ko) 2019-08-29
PL3559542T3 (pl) 2021-09-27
PT3559542T (pt) 2021-04-22
WO2018115661A1 (fr) 2018-06-28

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