EP3556921B1 - Flat knitting machine and method for producing a filigrane knit - Google Patents

Flat knitting machine and method for producing a filigrane knit Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3556921B1
EP3556921B1 EP18167511.7A EP18167511A EP3556921B1 EP 3556921 B1 EP3556921 B1 EP 3556921B1 EP 18167511 A EP18167511 A EP 18167511A EP 3556921 B1 EP3556921 B1 EP 3556921B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
thread
needles
filigree
pattern
knitting machine
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EP18167511.7A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3556921A1 (en
Inventor
Stefan Mayer
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Karl Mayer Stoll R&D GmbH
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Karl Mayer Stoll R&D GmbH
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Priority to EP18167511.7A priority Critical patent/EP3556921B1/en
Priority to CN201910303700.0A priority patent/CN110387636B/en
Publication of EP3556921A1 publication Critical patent/EP3556921A1/en
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Publication of EP3556921B1 publication Critical patent/EP3556921B1/en
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    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/102—Patterned fabrics or articles with stitch pattern
    • D04B1/104—Openwork fabric, e.g. pelerine fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B1/00—Weft knitting processes for the production of fabrics or articles not dependent on the use of particular machines; Fabrics or articles defined by such processes
    • D04B1/10—Patterned fabrics or articles
    • D04B1/12—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material
    • D04B1/126—Patterned fabrics or articles characterised by thread material with colour pattern, e.g. intarsia fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B15/00—Details of, or auxiliary devices incorporated in, weft knitting machines, restricted to machines of this kind
    • D04B15/32—Cam systems or assemblies for operating knitting instruments
    • D04B15/36—Cam systems or assemblies for operating knitting instruments for flat-bed knitting machines
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B7/00—Flat-bed knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B7/24—Flat-bed knitting machines with independently-movable needles for producing patterned fabrics
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D04—BRAIDING; LACE-MAKING; KNITTING; TRIMMINGS; NON-WOVEN FABRICS
    • D04B—KNITTING
    • D04B7/00—Flat-bed knitting machines with independently-movable needles
    • D04B7/24—Flat-bed knitting machines with independently-movable needles for producing patterned fabrics
    • D04B7/26—Flat-bed knitting machines with independently-movable needles for producing patterned fabrics with colour patterns

Definitions

  • the EP 2 025 785 A1 relates to a flat knitting machine to enable a warp thread insert in certain knitted fabric areas with a warp thread bar, whereby the edge needles of areas in which a warp thread is to be inserted are withdrawn earlier than the needles in between, so that a flatter angle of the warp thread between the edge needles results, what the Warp thread insert into the needles in between facilitated.
  • the JP 52-8215 describes a lock for a hand knitting machine for the production of a filigree knit.
  • the different threads are fed by thread guides arranged one above the other.
  • the needles of the front needle bed receive the binding and the pattern thread while the needles of the rear needle bed only receive the binding thread.
  • the needles of the two needle beds are driven out to different extents.
  • the present invention is based on the object of developing a flat knitting machine in such a way that it is also possible to produce filigree knits with only one knitting lock.
  • the object is achieved by a flat knitting machine with the features of claim 1.
  • the knitting cam By providing two spatially spaced selection points in the knitting cam and providing different withdrawal curves for the selected first and second needles, it is possible to guide the first and second needles into different withdrawal curves. Which of the withdrawal curves is selected determines whether both a binding thread and a pattern thread or just a binding thread can be inserted into a needle.
  • the binding threads and pattern threads are fed from different thread guides, which are arranged one after the other and thus also insert a thread into the needles at different points on the knitting lock. It is thus possible to produce a filigree knitted fabric or another knitted fabric such as a lining knitted fabric or a knitted fabric with a plating pattern with a single knitting lock. A breakthrough pattern or filigree knit results when the binding thread is much thinner than the pattern thread.
  • the filigree knitting lock can preferably have an adjustable lock part with which the first needles in the first withdrawal curve and the second needles can be guided into the second withdrawal curve.
  • the adjustable lock part can preferably be a handle lock part. With such a cam part it is possible to push the needles into the knitting cam at different depths, so that a needle butt provided on the needle can be inserted into different cam curves that are located at different depths of the cam.
  • the first withdrawal curve can hold the first needles longer at a thread insert height than those in the second withdrawal curve guided second needles.
  • both the thread guide with the at least one binding thread and the trailing thread guide with the at least one pattern thread can insert a thread into the first needles.
  • the second needles on the other hand, can be withdrawn before reaching the thread guide with the pattern thread or threads.
  • a limit lock part is provided and the first trigger curve runs above the limit lock part and the second trigger curve runs below the limit lock part.
  • the limiting lock part thus forms both a limitation of the first withdrawal curve and a limitation of the second withdrawal curve.
  • the first and second withdrawal curve can also run identically in sections. During the retraction movement from the maximum ejection position to the thread insert height, no separation of the two withdrawal curves is necessary. The complete retraction of the needle to knock off the old stitches can also be done in the same way for the first and second needles. The two withdrawal curves can therefore also overlap in this section.
  • the variety of fabricable patterns of the knitted fabric can be further increased in that more than two thread guides can be provided for feeding the at least one binding thread and the at least one pattern thread. By holding the needles at the thread insertion level for a correspondingly longer period, more than two threads can thus also be inserted into the selected first needles.
  • the thread guides can be thread guides driven by a slide of the flat knitting machine and / or independently driven thread guides.
  • the invention also relates to a method for producing a knitted fabric, in particular a filigree knitted fabric, on a flat knitting machine with the features of claim 10.
  • a needle can either form a stitch with at least one binding thread and one pattern thread, or only with at least one binding thread.
  • breakthrough patterns can be generated if the binding thread is significantly thinner than the pattern thread.
  • Tying and pattern threads can also differ in material and color. However, it is of course also possible to use the same thread sizes and the same materials for the two thread types. In this way, in addition to knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics with plating patterns or knitted lining fabrics can also be produced.
  • the patterns produced by the method can extend over the entire width of a row of stitches or only over part of it. In this way, intarsia patterns can also be created in the knitted fabric. The use of intarsia thread guides is not necessary.
  • Intermediate slides are used to expel the needles, the intermediate slides being brought into a first position at the first selection point if first needles are to be selected for making stitches from binding and pattern threads, and are brought into a second position at the second selection point, if second Needles for making stitches should only be selected with the binding thread.
  • the needle selection is controlled via intermediate slides, for which one or more cam locks can also be provided.
  • the first needles selected at the first selection point can be pushed out of the knitting system by half a needle foot height and thereby guided into the first withdrawal curve.
  • the second position of the intermediate slide there is no pressurization of the needles by the handle cam, the feet of which can thereby be guided into a lower-lying second trigger curve.
  • first and second needles can be driven out in a manner known per se to such an extent that stitches already in the needles slide behind an open needle tongue of the needles. Subsequently, binding and / or pattern threads can be inserted into the open and empty needle hook.
  • the first and second needles can then be withdrawn to such an extent that the stitches previously formed by these needles are knocked off.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the production of a row of stitches of a knitted piece 11, which is knitted using a filigree technique according to a method according to the invention.
  • the row of stitches in filigree technique is followed by a row of stitches of a basic knit G.
  • the basic knitted fabric can consist of a smooth knitted fabric, rib knitted fabric or other knitted fabric.
  • the area to be knitted using the filigree technique can be placed at any point on the knitted fabric 11.
  • Fig. 1 only one row of stitches of the basic knit G and one row of stitches of the filigree area are shown.
  • the subsequent courses of stitches in the filigree area are produced in a similar way to the course shown.
  • the section shown consists of seven stitches 1-7, of which stitches 1, 2, 4, 6 and 7 consist of both a binding thread B and a pattern thread M.
  • the stitches 3 and 5 consist only of the binding thread B.
  • the pattern thread M runs as a float thread over the legs of these stitches 3 and 5.
  • the filigree knitting lock 100 shown is part of a knitting lock of a flat knitting machine according to the invention, not shown, which has been modified for the production of knitted pieces using filigree technology.
  • the filigree knitting lock 100 differs from a conventional knitting lock by modifications to a knitting drive part 10, a rope limiting part 20 and a handle lock part 30. These modifications mean that the stitch transfer, stitch transfer and catching functions can no longer be carried out with this knitting lock 100. For these functions, another cam lock on the flat knitting machine must be used.
  • the knitting lock 100 has two selection points A1 and A2 arranged one after the other, which are only indicated symbolically here.
  • two thread guides FB and FM arranged one behind the other in the knitting direction SR, are provided for supplying at least one binding thread B and one pattern thread M.
  • the supply of the binding thread B therefore takes place at an earlier point in time than the supply of the pattern thread M.
  • FIGS Figures 2a and 2b only lock curves for needles SN1, SN2 involved in the knitting processes and of intermediate slides SZ for needle selection are shown.
  • Fig. 2a illustrates a knitting process in which both threads B and M are inserted into the hooks of the needles SN1 selected for this purpose.
  • first needles SN1 are activated at the selection point A1 by means of intermediate slides, which run into the knitting lock 100 and are driven out with the knitting drive-out part 10 at mesh height.
  • the intermediate slides SZ have been moved to position 2 for this purpose.
  • the stitches in the hooks of the first needles SN1 are behind the open needle tongue.
  • the first needles SN1 are then withdrawn on a first withdrawal curve K1 up to a first insertion position EB, and in this position a binding thread B supplied by the thread guide FB into the hooks of the first
  • Needles SN1 inserted.
  • the actuating feet, not shown here, of the first needles SN1 are then pushed out of the system 100 by half the foot height by the intermediate slide SZ and a modified handle lock part 30.
  • the feet of the first needle SN1 get into a first cam cam in which they are held in the thread insertion position until an insertion position EM is reached.
  • a pattern thread M is additionally inserted into the hooks of the first needles SN1 by the thread guide FM.
  • the first needles SN 1 are pulled off the pull-off part 40 located downstream in the knitting direction SR, with the old stitches of the needles SN1 located behind the needle tongue being knocked off.
  • FIG 2b describes how stitches are made with binding thread B only.
  • the needles SN2 used for this purpose are selected at the selection point A2 by means of intermediate slides SZ, the intermediate slides SZ being set to a position 1 and thus taking a lock curve below the pusher part 30 through the knitting lock 100.
  • the second selected at selection point A2 Needles SN2 are driven out to stitch height by means of the knitting drive-out part 10, so that the stitches in their hooks slide behind the opened needle tongue.
  • the second needles SN2 retract, they also reach the thread insertion position EB, in which the thread guide FB inserts a binding thread B into the hooks of the second needles SN2.
  • the needles SN2 are immediately withdrawn further on a second withdrawal curve K2 running below the knitting delimitation part 20, so that the thread guide FM cannot insert a pattern thread M into its hooks.
  • the second needles SN2 on the take-off part 40 are also withdrawn to the desired countertop depth, thereby knocking off the old stitches on the second needles SN2.
  • Figures 3a-3c show various knitted fabrics which can be produced with a flat knitting machine according to the invention and a method according to the invention.
  • the binding thread is knitted in over the entire row of stitches, while the pattern thread can only be inserted over parts of the row of stitches, such as the knitted fabric 12 in FIG Fig. 3a made clear.
  • the pattern thread which appears lighter, is inserted into a round area in every second needle. In the intervening needles and outside the round area, however, only the binding thread knits, which is identical to the thread of the basic knit.
  • FIG. 3b a knitted piece 13 is shown in which a pattern thread has been inserted over the entire knitted piece 13 into every second needle.
  • the pattern thread was floated over one or two needles at certain intervals, ie no pattern thread was inserted into this needle / s. This results in the two strip-shaped pattern areas.
  • Figure 3c a knitted piece 14 is shown in which the pattern thread was also inserted over the entire course, but by varying the spacing of the needles per course in which the pattern thread is not knitted, the different effects of the areas 110-140 are achieved.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Textile Engineering (AREA)
  • Knitting Machines (AREA)
  • Knitting Of Fabric (AREA)

Description

Es ist bereits seit längerem möglich, so genannte Filigrangestricke mit Durchbruchmustern auf Stickmaschinen herzustellen. Bei einem ersten Verfahren zur Herstellung solcher Gestricke werden Maschen oder Maschengruppen so umgehängt, dass Öffnungen in vorbestimmten Bereichen des Gestricks entstehen. Durch die für die Umhängevorgänge notwendigen Leerhübe des Schlittens einer Flachstrickmaschine ist dieses Verfahren jedoch wenig rationell. Außerdem verliert das Gestrick durch die Umhängevorgänge an Stabilität.It has long been possible to produce so-called filigree ropes with breakthrough patterns on embroidery machines. In a first method for producing such knitted fabrics, stitches or groups of stitches are reassigned in such a way that openings are created in predetermined areas of the knitted fabric. However, due to the idle strokes of the carriage of a flat knitting machine necessary for the transfer processes, this method is not very efficient. In addition, the knitted fabric loses stability as a result of the hanging processes.

Es wurde daher bereits in der DE 23 63 161 A1 vorgeschlagen, Durchbruchmustereffekte dadurch zu erzeugen, dass ein dünner Bindefaden zusammen mit einem dickeren Musterfaden derart verarbeitet wird, dass einzelne Maschen oder Maschengruppen nur mit dem dünnen Bindefaden gebildet werden.It was therefore already in the DE 23 63 161 A1 proposed to generate breakthrough pattern effects in that a thin binding thread is processed together with a thicker pattern thread in such a way that individual stitches or groups of stitches are only formed with the thin binding thread.

Zur Herstellung solcher Filigrangestricke waren bisher Strickschlösser mit einem vorlaufenden und einem nachlaufenden Stricksystem erforderlich, wie in der EP 2 671 989 B1 beschrieben. Mit dem vorlaufenden Stricksystem wird ein relativ dünner Bindefaden als Fang in einzelne Nadeln eingelegt. Die auf diesen Nadeln vorhandenen Maschen werden jedoch nicht abgeschlagen. Sie blieben auf der Zunge der Nadeln liegen, bevor im jeweils nachlaufendem Stricksytem der Musterfaden in ausgewählte Nadeln eingelegt wird. Anschließend werden die Nadeln kuliert, wodurch die Nadeln, in die entweder nur der Bindefaden oder beide Fäden eingelegt wurden, Maschen ausbilden.To produce such filigree knits, knitting locks with a leading and a trailing knitting system were required, as in FIG EP 2 671 989 B1 described. With the leading knitting system, a relatively thin binding thread is inserted into individual needles as a catch. However, the stitches present on these needles are not knocked off. They remained on the tongue of the needles before the pattern thread is inserted into selected needles in the subsequent knitting system. The needles are then calibrated, so that the needles, into which either only the binding thread or both threads have been inserted, form loops.

Die EP 2 025 785 A1 betrifft eine Flachstrickmaschine zur Ermöglichung einer Kettfadeneinlage in bestimmte Gestrickbereiche mit einer Kettfadenbarre, wobei die Randnadeln von Bereichen, in die ein Kettfaden eingelegt werden soll, früher abgezogen werden als die dazwischenliegenden Nadeln, damit sich ein flacherer Winkel des Kettfadens zwischen den Randnadeln ergibt, was die Kettfadeneinlage in die dazwischenliegenden Nadeln erleichtert.the EP 2 025 785 A1 relates to a flat knitting machine to enable a warp thread insert in certain knitted fabric areas with a warp thread bar, whereby the edge needles of areas in which a warp thread is to be inserted are withdrawn earlier than the needles in between, so that a flatter angle of the warp thread between the edge needles results, what the Warp thread insert into the needles in between facilitated.

Aus der JP H07 324259 A sind ein Verfahren und ein Strickschloss zur Verbindung von Intarsiabereichen eines Gestricks bekannt. Die letzte Nadel eines gerade gebildeten Intarsia-Bereichs wird länger in einem ausgetriebenen Zustand gehalten, damit diese Nadel vom Faden des nächsten Intarsia-Bereichs umschlungen werden kann.From the JP H07 324259 A a method and a knitting lock for connecting intarsia areas of a knitted fabric are known. The last needle of a newly formed intarsia area is kept longer in an expelled state so that this needle can be looped around by the thread of the next intarsia area.

Die JP 52-8215 beschreibt ein Schloss für eine Handstrickmaschine zur Herstellung eines Filigrangestricks. Die unterschiedlichen Fäden werden durch übereinander angeordnete Fadenführer zugeführt. Die Nadeln des vorderen Nadelbetts erhalten den Binde- und den Musterfaden, während die Nadeln des hinteren Nadelbetts nur den Bindefaden erhalten. Dazu werden die Nadeln der beiden Nadelbetten unterschiedlich weit ausgetrieben.the JP 52-8215 describes a lock for a hand knitting machine for the production of a filigree knit. The different threads are fed by thread guides arranged one above the other. The needles of the front needle bed receive the binding and the pattern thread while the needles of the rear needle bed only receive the binding thread. For this purpose, the needles of the two needle beds are driven out to different extents.

Der vorliegenden Erfindung liegt die Aufgabe zugrunde, eine Flachstrickmaschine derart weiterzubilden, dass auch die Herstellung von Filigrangestricken mit nur einem Strickschloss möglich ist. Die Aufgabe wird gelöst durch eine Flachstrickmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 1.The present invention is based on the object of developing a flat knitting machine in such a way that it is also possible to produce filigree knits with only one knitting lock. The object is achieved by a flat knitting machine with the features of claim 1.

Durch das Vorsehen von zwei räumlich voneinander beabstandeten Auswahlstellen im Strickschloss sowie das Vorsehen von unterschiedlichen Abzugskurven für die ausgewählten ersten und zweiten Nadeln, ist es möglich, die ersten und zweiten Nadeln in unterschiedliche Abzugskurven zu leiten. Welche der Abzugskurven gewählt wird, bestimmt, ob in eine Nadel sowohl ein Bindefaden als auch ein Musterfaden oder nur ein Bindefaden eingelegt werden kann. Die Bindefäden und Musterfäden werden dabei von unterschiedlichen Fadenführern zugeführt, die nacheinander angeordnet sind und somit auch an unterschiedlichen Stellen des Strickschlosses einen Faden in die Nadeln einlegen. Damit ist es möglich, mit einem einzigen Strickschloss ein Filigrangestrick bzw. ein anderes Gestrick wie beispielsweise ein Futtergestrick oder ein Gestrick mit Plattiermuster herzustellen. Ein Durchbruchsmuster oder Filigrangestrick ergibt sich dann, wenn der Bindefaden sehr viel dünner ist als der Musterfaden.By providing two spatially spaced selection points in the knitting cam and providing different withdrawal curves for the selected first and second needles, it is possible to guide the first and second needles into different withdrawal curves. Which of the withdrawal curves is selected determines whether both a binding thread and a pattern thread or just a binding thread can be inserted into a needle. The binding threads and pattern threads are fed from different thread guides, which are arranged one after the other and thus also insert a thread into the needles at different points on the knitting lock. It is thus possible to produce a filigree knitted fabric or another knitted fabric such as a lining knitted fabric or a knitted fabric with a plating pattern with a single knitting lock. A breakthrough pattern or filigree knit results when the binding thread is much thinner than the pattern thread.

Das Filigran-Strickschloss kann vorzugsweise ein verstellbares Schlossteil aufweisen, mit dem die ersten Nadeln in die erste Abzugskurve und die zweiten Nadeln in die zweite Abzugskurve leitbar sind. Dabei kann das verstellbare Schlossteil vorzugsweise ein Drückerschlossteil sein. Mit einem solchen Schlossteil ist es möglich, die Nadeln unterschiedlich tief in das Strickschloss hineinzudrücken, sodass ein an der Nadel vorgesehener Nadelfuß in unterschiedliche Schlosskurven, die sich in unterschiedlichen Tiefen des Schlosses befinden, einzuführen.The filigree knitting lock can preferably have an adjustable lock part with which the first needles in the first withdrawal curve and the second needles can be guided into the second withdrawal curve. The adjustable lock part can preferably be a handle lock part. With such a cam part it is possible to push the needles into the knitting cam at different depths, so that a needle butt provided on the needle can be inserted into different cam curves that are located at different depths of the cam.

Bevorzugt kann die erste Abzugskurve dabei die ersten Nadeln länger in einer Fadeneinlagehöhe halten, als die in der zweiten Abzugskurve geführten zweiten Nadeln. Durch das längere Halten in der Fadeneinlagehöhe kann sowohl der Fadenführer mit dem mindestens einen Bindefaden als auch der nachlaufende Fadenführer mit dem mindestens einen Musterfaden einen Faden in die ersten Nadeln einlegen. Die zweiten Nadeln können dagegen bereits vor Erreichens des Fadenführers mit dem oder den Musterfäden abgezogen werden.Preferably, the first withdrawal curve can hold the first needles longer at a thread insert height than those in the second withdrawal curve guided second needles. As a result of the longer holding at the thread insert height, both the thread guide with the at least one binding thread and the trailing thread guide with the at least one pattern thread can insert a thread into the first needles. The second needles, on the other hand, can be withdrawn before reaching the thread guide with the pattern thread or threads.

Weitere Vorteile ergeben sich, wenn ein Begrenzungsschlossteil vorgesehen ist und die erste Abzugskurve oberhalb des Begrenzungsschlossteils und die zweite Abzugskurve unterhalb des Begrenzungsschlossteils verläuft. Das Begrenzungsschlossteil bildet somit sowohl eine Begrenzung der ersten Abzugskurve als auch eine Begrenzung der zweiten Abzugskurve.Further advantages result if a limit lock part is provided and the first trigger curve runs above the limit lock part and the second trigger curve runs below the limit lock part. The limiting lock part thus forms both a limitation of the first withdrawal curve and a limitation of the second withdrawal curve.

Die erste und zweite Abzugskurve können dabei auch abschnittsweise identisch verlaufen. Bei der Rückzugsbewegung von der maximalen Austriebsposition bis zur Fadeneinlagehöhe ist keine Trennung der beiden Abzugskurven erforderlich. Auch das vollständige Zurückziehen der Nadel zum Abschlagen der alten Maschen kann in gleicher Weise für die ersten und zweiten Nadeln erfolgen. Auch in diesem Abschnitt können sich daher die beiden Abzugskurven überlagern.The first and second withdrawal curve can also run identically in sections. During the retraction movement from the maximum ejection position to the thread insert height, no separation of the two withdrawal curves is necessary. The complete retraction of the needle to knock off the old stitches can also be done in the same way for the first and second needles. The two withdrawal curves can therefore also overlap in this section.

Die Vielfalt der herstellbaren Muster des Gestricks lässt sich noch dadurch erhöhen, dass mehr als zwei Fadenführer zur Zuführung des mindestens einen Bindefadens und des mindestens einen Musterfadens vorgesehen sein können. Durch ein entsprechend längeres Halten der Nadeln in Fadeneinlegehöhe können somit auch mehr als zwei Fäden in die ausgewählten ersten Nadeln eingelegt werden. Dabei können die Fadenführer durch einen Schlitten der Flachstrickmaschine angetriebene Fadenführer und/oder autark angetriebene Fadenführer sein.The variety of fabricable patterns of the knitted fabric can be further increased in that more than two thread guides can be provided for feeding the at least one binding thread and the at least one pattern thread. By holding the needles at the thread insertion level for a correspondingly longer period, more than two threads can thus also be inserted into the selected first needles. The thread guides can be thread guides driven by a slide of the flat knitting machine and / or independently driven thread guides.

Weiter ist es selbstverständlich möglich, mehrere Filigran-Strickschlösser an der Flachstrickmaschine vorzusehen. Diese Strickschlösser können dabei sowohl dem vorderen Nadelbett als auch dem hinteren Nadelbett zugeordnet werden.It is of course also possible to provide several filigree knitting locks on the flat knitting machine. These knitting locks can be assigned to both the front needle bed and the rear needle bed.

Die Erfindung betrifft außerdem ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gestricks, insbesondere eines Filigrangestricks auf einer Flachstrickmaschine mit den Merkmalen des Anspruchs 10.The invention also relates to a method for producing a knitted fabric, in particular a filigree knitted fabric, on a flat knitting machine with the features of claim 10.

Je nachdem an welcher Auswahlstelle eine Nadel ausgewählt wird, kann sie entweder mit wenigstens einem Binde- und einem Musterfaden eine Masche bilden, oder nur mit wenigstens einem Bindefaden. Auf diese Weise lassen sich beispielsweise Durchbruchmuster erzeugen, wenn der Bindefaden deutlich dünner ist, als der Musterfaden. Binde- und Musterfaden können sich außerdem im Material und in der Farbe unterscheiden. Es ist selbstverständlich jedoch auch möglich, gleiche Fadenstärken und gleiche Materialien für die beiden Fadentypen zu verwenden. Auf diese Weise lassen sich außer Durchbruchgestricken auch Gestricke mit Plattiermustern oder Futtergestricke herstellen. Die nach dem Verfahren erzeugten Muster können sich über die gesamte Breite einer Maschenreihe erstrecken oder auch nur über einen Teil davon. Auf diese Weise lassen sich auch Intarsia-Musterungen im Gestrick erzeugen. Der Einsatz von Intarsia-Fadenführern ist dabei nicht nötig.Depending on the selection point at which a needle is selected, it can either form a stitch with at least one binding thread and one pattern thread, or only with at least one binding thread. In this way, for example, breakthrough patterns can be generated if the binding thread is significantly thinner than the pattern thread. Tying and pattern threads can also differ in material and color. However, it is of course also possible to use the same thread sizes and the same materials for the two thread types. In this way, in addition to knitted fabrics, knitted fabrics with plating patterns or knitted lining fabrics can also be produced. The patterns produced by the method can extend over the entire width of a row of stitches or only over part of it. In this way, intarsia patterns can also be created in the knitted fabric. The use of intarsia thread guides is not necessary.

Zum Austrieb der Nadeln werden Zwischenschieber eingesetzt, wobei die Zwischenschieber an der ersten Auswahlstelle in eine erste Position gebracht werden, wenn erste Nadeln zur Herstellung von Maschen aus Binde- und Musterfäden ausgewählt werden sollen, und an der zweiten Auswahlstelle in eine zweite Position gebracht werden, wenn zweite Nadeln zur Herstellung von Maschen nur mit dem Bindefaden ausgewählt werden sollen. So wird die Nadelauswahl über Zwischenschieber gesteuert, für die ebenfalls eine oder mehrere Schlosskurven vorgesehen sein können.Intermediate slides are used to expel the needles, the intermediate slides being brought into a first position at the first selection point if first needles are to be selected for making stitches from binding and pattern threads, and are brought into a second position at the second selection point, if second Needles for making stitches should only be selected with the binding thread. The needle selection is controlled via intermediate slides, for which one or more cam locks can also be provided.

Dabei kann mit den Zwischenschiebern in der ersten Position und mit einem Drückerschlossteil die an der ersten Auswahlstelle ausgewählten ersten Nadeln um eine halbe Nadelfußhöhe aus dem Stricksystem herausgedrückt und dadurch in die erste Abzugskurve geleitet werden. In der zweiten Position der Zwischenschieber erfolgt dagegen keine Druckbeaufschlagung der Nadeln durch das Drückerschlossteil, deren Füße dadurch in eine tieferliegende zweite Abzugskurve geleitet werden können.With the intermediate slides in the first position and with a handle lock part, the first needles selected at the first selection point can be pushed out of the knitting system by half a needle foot height and thereby guided into the first withdrawal curve. In the second position of the intermediate slide, on the other hand, there is no pressurization of the needles by the handle cam, the feet of which can thereby be guided into a lower-lying second trigger curve.

Weiter können die ersten und zweiten Nadeln in an sich bekannter Weise so weit ausgetrieben werden, dass bereits in den Nadeln befindliche Maschen hinter eine geöffnete Nadelzunge der Nadeln gleiten. Anschließend können in den geöffneten und leeren Nadelhaken Binde- und/oder Musterfäden eingelegt werden.Furthermore, the first and second needles can be driven out in a manner known per se to such an extent that stitches already in the needles slide behind an open needle tongue of the needles. Subsequently, binding and / or pattern threads can be inserted into the open and empty needle hook.

Die ersten und zweiten Nadeln können anschließend soweit abgezogen werden, dass die durch diese Nadeln zuvor gebildeten Maschen abgeschlagen werden.The first and second needles can then be withdrawn to such an extent that the stitches previously formed by these needles are knocked off.

Nachfolgend werden ein bevorzugtes Ausführungsbeispiel eines Filigran-Strickschlosses sowie mit diesem Filigran-Strickschloss herstellbare Gestricke mit Bezug auf die Zeichnung näher beschrieben.A preferred embodiment of a filigree knitting lock and knitted fabrics that can be produced with this filigree knitting lock are described in more detail below with reference to the drawing.

Es zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausschnitts zweier Maschenreihen eines Filigrangestricks;
Fig. 2a, 2b
Draufsichten auf ein Filigran-Strickschloss mit Durchgangskurven für erste und zweite ausgewählte Nadeln;
Fig. 3a - 3c
Ansichten von verschiedenen Gestricken, die mit einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren herstellbar sind.
Show it:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of a section of two rows of stitches of a filigree knit;
Figures 2a, 2b
Top views of a filigree knitting lock with passage curves for first and second selected needles;
Figures 3a-3c
Views of various knitted fabrics that can be produced with a method according to the invention.

Fig. 1 verdeutlicht die Herstellung einer Maschenreihe eines Gestrickstücks 11, welches nach einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren in Filigrantechnik gestrickt wird. Die Maschenreihe in Filigrantechnik schließt sich an eine Maschenreihe eines Grundgestricks G an. Das Grundgestrick kann aus einem Glattgestrick, Rippgestrick oder sonstigem Gestrick bestehen. Der in Filigrantechnik zu strickende Bereich kann an jeder beliebigen Stelle des Gestricks 11 platziert werden. In Fig. 1 sind jeweils nur eine Maschenreihe des Grundgestricks G und eine Maschenreihe des Filigranbereichs dargestellt. Die darauffolgenden Maschenreihen des Filigranbereichs werden in ähnlicher Weise hergestellt wie die gezeigte Maschenreihe. Fig. 1 illustrates the production of a row of stitches of a knitted piece 11, which is knitted using a filigree technique according to a method according to the invention. The row of stitches in filigree technique is followed by a row of stitches of a basic knit G. The basic knitted fabric can consist of a smooth knitted fabric, rib knitted fabric or other knitted fabric. The area to be knitted using the filigree technique can be placed at any point on the knitted fabric 11. In Fig. 1 only one row of stitches of the basic knit G and one row of stitches of the filigree area are shown. The subsequent courses of stitches in the filigree area are produced in a similar way to the course shown.

Der dargestellte Ausschnitt besteht aus sieben Maschen 1 - 7, von denen die Maschen 1, 2, 4, 6 und 7 sowohl aus einem Bindefaden B als auch aus einem Musterfaden M bestehen. Die Maschen 3 und 5 bestehen nur aus dem Bindefaden B. Der Musterfaden M verläuft dabei als Flottfaden über die Schenkel dieser Maschen 3 und 5. Durch wahlweises Stricken von Maschen mit einem Musterfaden M und einem Bindefaden B oder nur mit einem Bindefaden B, lassen sich beliebige Muster in Filigrantechnik herstellen. Durch die Verwendung sowohl eines Bindefadens B als auch eines Musterfadens M lässt sich ein gleichmäßiges, verzugsfreies Gestrick erzeugen, wobei der dünne Bindefaden B eine Art Gerüst, d. h. ein Basisgestrick bildet, welches dem Gestrick die gewünschte Stabilität gibt. Der Musterfaden M, der in der Regel dicker ausgeführt ist, aber auch dünner oder andersfarbig als der Bindefaden B sein kann, bildet die sichtbare Struktur des Gestrickmusters aus.The section shown consists of seven stitches 1-7, of which stitches 1, 2, 4, 6 and 7 consist of both a binding thread B and a pattern thread M. The stitches 3 and 5 consist only of the binding thread B. The pattern thread M runs as a float thread over the legs of these stitches 3 and 5. By optionally knitting stitches with a pattern thread M and a binding thread B or only with a binding thread B, any pattern can be produced using the filigree technique. By using both a binding thread B and a pattern thread M, a uniform, warp-free knitted fabric can be produced, the thin binding thread B forming a type of framework, ie a basic knitted fabric, which gives the knitted fabric the desired stability. The pattern thread M, which is usually made thicker, but can also be thinner or of a different color than the binding thread B, forms the visible structure of the knitted pattern.

Das in Fig. 2a und Fig. 2b dargestellte Filigran-Strickschloss 100 ist Teil eines Strickschlosses einer nicht weiter dargestellten Flachstrickmaschine gemäß der Erfindung, das für die Herstellung von Gestrickstücken in Filigrantechnik modifiziert wurde. Das Filigran-Strickschloss 100 unterscheidet sich von einem herkömmlichen Strickschloss dabei durch Modifikationen an einem Strickaustriebsteil 10, einem Strickbegrenzungsteil 20 sowie einem Drückerschlossteil 30. Durch diese Modifikationen sind die Funktionen Maschenübergabe, Maschenübernahme und Fang mit diesem Strickschloss 100 nicht mehr ausführbar. Für diese Funktionen muss ein anderes Strickschloss der Flachstrickmaschine eingesetzt werden.This in Figures 2a and 2b The filigree knitting lock 100 shown is part of a knitting lock of a flat knitting machine according to the invention, not shown, which has been modified for the production of knitted pieces using filigree technology. The filigree knitting lock 100 differs from a conventional knitting lock by modifications to a knitting drive part 10, a rope limiting part 20 and a handle lock part 30. These modifications mean that the stitch transfer, stitch transfer and catching functions can no longer be carried out with this knitting lock 100. For these functions, another cam lock on the flat knitting machine must be used.

Das Strickschloss 100 weist zwei nacheinander angeordnete Auswahlstellen A1 und A2 auf, die hier lediglich symbolisch angedeutet sind. Außerdem sind zwei in Strickrichtung SR hintereinander angeordnete Fadenführer FB und FM zur Zufuhr wenigstens eines Bindefadens B und eines Musterfadens M vorgesehen. Die Zufuhr des Bindefadens B erfolgt daher zu einem früheren Zeitpunkt, als die Zufuhr des Musterfadens M. Zur Vereinfachung der Darstellung sind in Fig. 2a und Fig. 2b lediglich Schlosskurven für an den Strickprozessen beteiligte Nadeln SN1, SN2 und von Zwischenschiebern SZ für die Nadelauswahl dargestellt.The knitting lock 100 has two selection points A1 and A2 arranged one after the other, which are only indicated symbolically here. In addition, two thread guides FB and FM, arranged one behind the other in the knitting direction SR, are provided for supplying at least one binding thread B and one pattern thread M. The supply of the binding thread B therefore takes place at an earlier point in time than the supply of the pattern thread M. To simplify the illustration, FIGS Figures 2a and 2b only lock curves for needles SN1, SN2 involved in the knitting processes and of intermediate slides SZ for needle selection are shown.

Fig. 2a verdeutlicht ein Strickverfahren, bei dem beide Fäden B und M in die Haken der hierfür ausgewählten Nadeln SN1 eingelegt werden. Dazu werden an der Auswahlstelle A1 mittels Zwischenschiebern erste Nadeln SN1 aktiviert, die in das Strickschloss 100 einlaufen und mit dem Strickaustriebsteil 10 auf Maschenhöhe ausgetrieben werden. Die Zwischenschieber SZ sind dazu auf eine Position 2 verschoben worden. Nach dem Austrieb befinden sich die in den Haken der ersten Nadeln SN1 befindlichen Maschen hinter der geöffneten Nadelzunge. Anschließend werden die ersten Nadeln SN1 auf einer ersten Abzugskurve K1 bis zu einer ersten Einlegeposition EB abgezogen, und in dieser Position ein vom Fadenführer FB zugeführter Bindefaden B in die Haken der ersten Fig. 2a illustrates a knitting process in which both threads B and M are inserted into the hooks of the needles SN1 selected for this purpose. For this purpose, first needles SN1 are activated at the selection point A1 by means of intermediate slides, which run into the knitting lock 100 and are driven out with the knitting drive-out part 10 at mesh height. The intermediate slides SZ have been moved to position 2 for this purpose. After the sprouting, the stitches in the hooks of the first needles SN1 are behind the open needle tongue. The first needles SN1 are then withdrawn on a first withdrawal curve K1 up to a first insertion position EB, and in this position a binding thread B supplied by the thread guide FB into the hooks of the first

Nadeln SN1 eingelegt. Anschließend werden die hier nicht gezeigten Betätigungsfüße der ersten Nadeln SN1 durch die Zwischenschieber SZ und einem modifizierten Drückerschlossteil 30 um die halbe Fußhöhe aus dem System 100 herausgedrückt. Dadurch gelangen die Füße der ersten Nadel SN1 in eine erste Schlosskurve, in der sie bis zum Erreichen einer Einlegeposition EM in der Fadeneinlegeposition gehalten werden. In der Einlegeposition EM wird durch den Fadenführer FM zusätzlich ein Musterfaden M in die Haken der ersten Nadeln SN1 eingelegt. Anschließend werden die ersten Nadeln SN 1 am in Strickrichtung SR nachgeordneten Abzugsteil 40 in die gewünschte Kuliertiefe abgezogen, wobei die alten, sich jeweils hinter der Nadelzunge befindlichen Maschen der Nadeln SN1 abgeschlagen werden.Needles SN1 inserted. The actuating feet, not shown here, of the first needles SN1 are then pushed out of the system 100 by half the foot height by the intermediate slide SZ and a modified handle lock part 30. As a result, the feet of the first needle SN1 get into a first cam cam in which they are held in the thread insertion position until an insertion position EM is reached. In the insertion position EM, a pattern thread M is additionally inserted into the hooks of the first needles SN1 by the thread guide FM. Subsequently, the first needles SN 1 are pulled off the pull-off part 40 located downstream in the knitting direction SR, with the old stitches of the needles SN1 located behind the needle tongue being knocked off.

In Fig. 2b wird beschrieben, wie Maschen nur mit dem Bindefaden B hergestellt werden. Die dazu eingesetzten Nadeln SN2 werden an der Auswahlstelle A2 mittels Zwischenschiebern SZ ausgewählt, wobei die Zwischenschieber SZ auf eine Position 1 eingestellt werden und damit eine Schlosskurve unterhalb des Drückerteils 30 durch das Strickschloss 100 hindurch nehmen. Auch die an der Auswahlstelle A2 ausgewählten zweiten Nadeln SN2 werden mittels des Strickaustriebsteils 10 auf Maschenhöhe ausgetrieben, sodass die in ihren Haken befindlichen Maschen hinter die geöffnete Nadelzunge gleiten. Beim Rückzug der zweiten Nadeln SN2 erreichen diese ebenfalls die Fadeneinlageposition EB, in der der Fadenführer FB einen Bindefaden B in die Haken der zweiten Nadeln SN2 einlegt. Anschließend werden die Nadeln SN2 jedoch auf einer unterhalb des Strickbegrenzungsteils 20 verlaufenden zweiten Abzugskurve K2 sofort weiter abgezogen, sodass der Fadenführer FM keinen Musterfaden M in ihre Haken einlegen kann. Anschließend werden auch die zweiten Nadeln SN2 am Abzugsteil 40 in die gewünschte Kuliertiefe abgezogen und dadurch die alten Maschen auf den zweiten Nadeln SN2 abgeschlagen.In Figure 2b describes how stitches are made with binding thread B only. The needles SN2 used for this purpose are selected at the selection point A2 by means of intermediate slides SZ, the intermediate slides SZ being set to a position 1 and thus taking a lock curve below the pusher part 30 through the knitting lock 100. Also the second selected at selection point A2 Needles SN2 are driven out to stitch height by means of the knitting drive-out part 10, so that the stitches in their hooks slide behind the opened needle tongue. When the second needles SN2 retract, they also reach the thread insertion position EB, in which the thread guide FB inserts a binding thread B into the hooks of the second needles SN2. Subsequently, however, the needles SN2 are immediately withdrawn further on a second withdrawal curve K2 running below the knitting delimitation part 20, so that the thread guide FM cannot insert a pattern thread M into its hooks. Subsequently, the second needles SN2 on the take-off part 40 are also withdrawn to the desired countertop depth, thereby knocking off the old stitches on the second needles SN2.

Fig. 3a - Fig. 3c zeigen verschiedene Gestricke, die mit einer erfindungsgemäßen Flachstrickmaschine und einem erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hergestellt werden können. In den Musterbereichen wird der Bindefaden jeweils über die gesamte Maschenreihe eingestrickt, während der Musterfaden auch nur über Teile der Maschenreihe eingelegt werden kann, wie beispielsweise das Gestrick 12 in Fig. 3a verdeutlicht. Der heller erscheinende Musterfaden wird in einem runden Bereich in jede zweite Nadel eingelegt. In den dazwischenliegenden Nadeln und außerhalb des runden Bereichs strickt dagegen nur der Bindefaden, der hier identisch mit dem Faden des Grundgestricks ist. Figures 3a-3c show various knitted fabrics which can be produced with a flat knitting machine according to the invention and a method according to the invention. In the pattern areas, the binding thread is knitted in over the entire row of stitches, while the pattern thread can only be inserted over parts of the row of stitches, such as the knitted fabric 12 in FIG Fig. 3a made clear. The pattern thread, which appears lighter, is inserted into a round area in every second needle. In the intervening needles and outside the round area, however, only the binding thread knits, which is identical to the thread of the basic knit.

In Fig. 3b ist ein Gestrickstück 13 dargestellt, bei dem ein Musterfaden über das komplette Gestrickstück 13 in jede zweite Nadel eingelegt wurde. Zusätzlich wurde in jeder Strickreihe in bestimmten Abständen der Musterfaden über eine bis zwei Nadel/n geflottet, d. h. in diese Nadel/n kein Musterfaden eingelegt. Dadurch ergeben sich die beiden streifenförmigen Musterbereiche.In Figure 3b a knitted piece 13 is shown in which a pattern thread has been inserted over the entire knitted piece 13 into every second needle. In addition, in each row of knitting, the pattern thread was floated over one or two needles at certain intervals, ie no pattern thread was inserted into this needle / s. This results in the two strip-shaped pattern areas.

In Fig. 3c ist ein Gestrickstück 14 dargestellt, bei dem der Musterfaden ebenfalls über die gesamte Maschenreihe eingelegt wurde, wobei jedoch durch Variation der Abstände der Nadeln pro Maschenreihe, in dem nicht mit dem Musterfaden gestrickt wird, die unterschiedlichen Effekte der Bereiche 110 - 140 erzielt werden.In Figure 3c a knitted piece 14 is shown in which the pattern thread was also inserted over the entire course, but by varying the spacing of the needles per course in which the pattern thread is not knitted, the different effects of the areas 110-140 are achieved.

Claims (14)

  1. Flat knitting machine comprising at least one cam assembly which has at least one single-system filigree cam assembly (100) for producing knitted fabrics (11-14) formed from at least one binding thread (B) and at least one pattern thread (M), in particular filigree knitted fabrics, the at least one binding thread (B) and the at least one pattern thread (M) being able to be fed in by separate thread guides (FB, FM) arranged one after the other in the knitting direction (SR), characterized in that the filigree cam assembly (100) has two selection points (A1, A2) arranged one after the other in the knitting direction, intermediate sliders (SZ) being brought into a first position (2) at the first selection point (A1) when first needles (SN1) for forming stitches with the at least one binding thread (B) and the at least one pattern thread (M) are to be selected, and being brought into a second position (1) at the second selection point (A2) when second needles (SN2) for forming stitches with only the at least one binding thread (B) are to be selected, and in that the filigree cam assembly (100) is provided with two different withdrawal curves (K1, K2) for the first and second needles (SN1, SN2), the first withdrawal curve (K1) withdrawing the first needles (SN1) into a first and a second thread insertion position (EB, EM) and the second withdrawal curve (K2) withdrawing the second needles (SN2) only into the first thread insertion position (EB).
  2. Flat knitting machine according to claim 1, characterized in that the filigree cam assembly (100) has an adjustable cam part (30) by means of which the first needles (SN1) can be guided in the first withdrawal curve (K1) and the second needles (SN2) can be guided in the second withdrawal curve (K2).
  3. Flat knitting machine according to claim 2, characterized in that the adjustable cam part (30) is a presser cam part.
  4. Flat knitting machine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first withdrawal curve (K1) holds the first needles (SN1) longer at a thread insertion height than the second needles (SN2) guided in the second withdrawal curve (K2).
  5. Flat knitting machine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that a limiting cam part (20) is provided and the first withdrawal curve (K1) extends above the limiting cam (20) and the second withdrawal (K2) extends below the limiting cam (20).
  6. Flat knitting machine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first and second withdrawal curves (K1, K2) are identical in portions.
  7. Flat knitting machine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that more than two thread guides (FB, FM) are provided for feeding in the at least one binding thread (B) and the at least one pattern thread (M).
  8. Flat knitting machine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the thread guides (FB, FM) are thread guides driven by a carriage of the flat knitting machine and/or independently driven thread guides.
  9. Flat knitting machine according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has a plurality of filigree cam assemblies (100).
  10. Method for producing a knitted fabric, in particular a filigree knitted fabric, on a flat knitting machine comprising at least one cam assembly which has at least one single-system filigree cam assembly (100) for producing knitted fabrics (11-14) formed from at least one binding thread (B) and at least one pattern thread (M), wherein the at least one binding thread (B) and the at least one pattern thread (M) are fed in by separate thread guides (FB, FM) arranged one after the other in the knitting direction (SR), wherein, in order to form stitches with the at least one binding thread (B) and the at least one pattern thread (M), first needles (SN1) are selected and driven out by intermediate slides (SZ) brought into a first position (2) at a first selection point (A1) of the filigree cam assembly (100), and the first needles (SN1) are then withdrawn on a first withdrawal curve (K1) as far as a thread insertion height at which they are held until first the binding thread (B), by means of a first thread guide (FB), and then the pattern thread (M), by means of a second thread guide (FM), can be inserted into their needle hooks before the first needles (SN1) are completely withdrawn, and wherein, in order to form stitches only with the binding thread(s) (B), second needles (SN2) are selected and driven out by intermediate slides (SZ) brought into a second position (1) at a second selection point (A2), downstream of the first selection point, of the same filigree cam assembly (100), which second needles are then withdrawn on a second withdrawal curve (K2) as far as the thread insertion height, at which they are only held until at least the binding thread (B) can be inserted into their needle hooks by means of the first thread guide (FB) and then withdrawn again before they reach the second thread guide (FM) with the pattern thread (M).
  11. Method according to claim 10, characterized in that the first needles (SN1) selected at the first selection point (A1) are pushed out of the filigree cam assembly (100) by half a needle foot height by means of the intermediate slides (SZ) in the first position (2) and by means of a presser cam part (30) and are thereby guided in the first withdrawal curve (K1).
  12. Method according to either claim 10 or claim 11, characterized in that the first and second needles (SN1, SN2) are driven out so far that the stitches already in the first and second needles (SN1, SN2) slide behind an open needle latch of the needles (SN1, SN2).
  13. Method according to any of claims 10 to 12, characterized in that the first and second needles (SN1, SN2) are withdrawn to such an extent that the stitches previously formed by these needles (SN1, SN2) are knocked off.
  14. Method according to any of claims 10 to 13, characterized in that binding and pattern threads (B, M) which are different or identical in terms of material, color or thickness are used to form the knitted fabric (11-14).
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EP3556921A1 (en) 2019-10-23
CN110387636B (en) 2021-10-01
CN110387636A (en) 2019-10-29

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