EP3546125B1 - Aluminium-scandium alloy containing blasting material for blast cleaning of body containing al and/or mg - Google Patents

Aluminium-scandium alloy containing blasting material for blast cleaning of body containing al and/or mg Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3546125B1
EP3546125B1 EP19165209.8A EP19165209A EP3546125B1 EP 3546125 B1 EP3546125 B1 EP 3546125B1 EP 19165209 A EP19165209 A EP 19165209A EP 3546125 B1 EP3546125 B1 EP 3546125B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
component
alloy
blasting
blasting medium
particles
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EP19165209.8A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3546125A1 (en
Inventor
Frank Palm
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Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
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Airbus Defence and Space GmbH
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C11/00—Selection of abrasive materials or additives for abrasive blasts
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F1/00—Metallic powder; Treatment of metallic powder, e.g. to facilitate working or to improve properties
    • B22F1/05—Metallic powder characterised by the size or surface area of the particles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/10—Sintering only
    • B22F3/105—Sintering only by using electric current other than for infrared radiant energy, laser radiation or plasma ; by ultrasonic bonding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C3/00—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants
    • B24C3/32—Abrasive blasting machines or devices; Plants designed for abrasive blasting of particular work, e.g. the internal surfaces of cylinder blocks
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C23/00—Alloys based on magnesium
    • C22C23/02—Alloys based on magnesium with aluminium as the next major constituent
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/66—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up by mechanical means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/60—Treatment of workpieces or articles after build-up
    • B22F10/68—Cleaning or washing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F3/00—Manufacture of workpieces or articles from metallic powder characterised by the manner of compacting or sintering; Apparatus specially adapted therefor ; Presses and furnaces
    • B22F3/24—After-treatment of workpieces or articles
    • B22F2003/247—Removing material: carving, cleaning, grinding, hobbing, honing, lapping, polishing, milling, shaving, skiving, turning the surface
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • B22F2009/0848—Melting process before atomisation
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2301/05—Light metals
    • B22F2301/052—Aluminium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2301/00—Metallic composition of the powder or its coating
    • B22F2301/05—Light metals
    • B22F2301/058—Magnesium
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F2304/00—Physical aspects of the powder
    • B22F2304/10—Micron size particles, i.e. above 1 micrometer up to 500 micrometer
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F9/00—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof
    • B22F9/02—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes
    • B22F9/06—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material
    • B22F9/08—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying
    • B22F9/082—Making metallic powder or suspensions thereof using physical processes starting from liquid material by casting, e.g. through sieves or in water, by atomising or spraying atomising using a fluid
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22C—ALLOYS
    • C22C21/00—Alloys based on aluminium
    • C22C21/06—Alloys based on aluminium with magnesium as the next major constituent

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a blasting agent for blasting a component, the component comprising Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, a method for blasting a component, the component comprising Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, a method for producing a blasting medium, and a method for producing a blasted component.
  • powder residues adhering to the machine should be removed after production, which in further processing can be disadvantageous, for example due to the roughness produced in this way.
  • the corresponding blasting agents differ from the material of the component and can lead to contamination if, for example, blasting agents get stuck in the surface and/or abrasion occurs on the surfaces of the Al or Mg components chemically stressed with foreign alloy material, which can lead to corrosion problems or strength problems.
  • This is particularly the case when high-strength alloys such as AlMgSc alloys, such as Scalmalloy ® alloys, are blasted.
  • a further pickling step can therefore follow in order to remove this blasting material.
  • a corresponding step is associated with additional effort.
  • the CN 104846239A discloses an aluminum alloy shot, and a method of making the same.
  • the object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for blasting a component that contains Al and/or Mg, and also a blasting material that can be used in such a method.
  • this object is achieved by a blasting agent with the features of patent claim 1, by a method with the features of patent claim 6, by a method with the features of patent claim 12, and by a method with the features of patent claim 14.
  • the component comprising Al and/or Mg is blasted with a blasting agent which comprises an AlSC alloy, the blasting agent comprising particles of the AlSc alloy with a size of 45 ⁇ m or more, i.e. the blasting agent of the same species or is at least similar to the material of the component, whereby contamination can be reduced or even avoided.
  • a blasting agent also referred to as blasting material
  • blasting material is an auxiliary material that can be used in blasting. It comprises a large number of particles, which usually all essentially consist of the same material.
  • the shape of the particles of the blasting agent is not particularly restricted within the scope of the invention, with regard to the blasting agent according to the invention and the method according to the invention, and the particles can be round, angular and/or angular and are, for example, angular and angular.
  • the blasting medium usually has a higher hardness than the component to be blasted, in particular so that it can also perform its function.
  • the blasting agent according to the invention consists of an alloy or a plurality of alloys, in particular an alloy, ie includes in particular no ceramic parts.
  • the blasting agent is used in particular for cleaning and/or surface smoothing, ie it is a cleaning and/or surface smoothing blasting agent.
  • the blasting agent according to the invention is chemically inert to the material of the component to be blasted, ie it does not damage the component, for example through corrosion.
  • the present invention relates to a blasting agent for blasting a component, the component comprising Al and/or Mg, in particular an Aland/or Mg alloy, the blasting agent comprising an AlSc alloy, the blasting agent particles of AlSc -Alloy with a size of 45 ⁇ m or more.
  • the component is not particularly limited here, provided it includes Al and/or Mg, in particular Al, and can have any shape and configuration.
  • at least one surface of the component to be blasted comprises Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, for example an alloy comprising Al and Mg.
  • the component consists essentially of an Al and/or Mg or Mg alloy or consists of the Al and/or Mg alloy.
  • the Al and/or Mg alloy is not particularly restricted here and can, for example, be an alloy of Al with a suitable material, ie for example a 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx or 8xxx alloy.
  • the component comprises Sc, in particular in an amount of 0.3% by weight or more, preferably 0.5% by weight or more, for example 0.5-3% by weight Sc, for example 0.7-0. 8 wt% Sc.
  • the component comprises an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, and the component preferably consists of an AISc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, in particular with an Sc content of 0.3% by weight or more, preferably 0 .5% by weight or more, for example 0.5-3% by weight, for example 0.7-0.8% by weight.
  • the component in particular in addition to Sc, can also include other alloying components, which are not particularly restricted.
  • the component includes Zr and/or Mn.
  • the component comprises an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, which comprises Zr and/or Mn, in particular Zr, and consists in particular of such an alloy.
  • the ratio of Zr to Sc is in particular in a range from 1:10 to 2:1, preferably 1:7 to 1:1, more preferably 1:5 to 1:2.
  • unavoidable impurities can also be contained according to certain embodiments.
  • the component is produced by a powder melting process or a powder sintering process, preferably by a laser powder bed melting process.
  • the powder melting method and the powder sintering method are not particularly limited, and examples of such methods include selective laser sintering, electron beam melting or selective laser melting, which methods are not particularly limited.
  • the device is manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Melting (LBP-S), such as that used for 3D printing.
  • LBP-S Laser Powder Bed Melting
  • the method itself is again not particularly limited.
  • the production takes place with powders having a particle size of 20 to 75 ⁇ m, preferably 20 to 65 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 to 45 ⁇ m.
  • Corresponding powder fractions can be obtained correspondingly with a sieve analysis with corresponding Sieves with mesh sizes of 20 ⁇ m, 45 ⁇ m, 65 ⁇ m and 75 ⁇ m, depending on the desired fraction.
  • the blasting agent is not particularly limited as long as it comprises an AISc alloy, wherein the blasting agent comprises particles of the AlSc alloy having a size of 45 ⁇ m or more.
  • a powder for the production of the blasting agent can be produced by conventional methods for producing powders for powder metallurgy and/or for powder melting methods or powder sintering methods, preferably laser powder bed melting methods, which are not particularly restricted.
  • the powder for producing the blasting agent can be produced by atomizing a metal melt or a melt of a metal alloy and separating off a suitable particle fraction.
  • the powder for the abrasive is produced by the same process as the material for the production of the component.
  • the powder for the blasting agent and the powder for producing the component are produced in the same process, in particular in the same process step, e.g.
  • a powder production campaign so that, for example, both powders from the production campaign can be separated from one another, for example by screening.
  • particles of the powder produced are used for the production of the blasting medium, which are not used for the production of the component, for example due to the particle size.
  • the particles for producing the blasting agent are larger than the particles for producing the component.
  • the blasting agent comprises Sc, in particular in an amount of 0.3% by weight or more, preferably 0.5% by weight or more, for example 0.5-3
  • the blasting agent comprises an AISc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, and the component preferably consists of an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, in particular with an Sc content of 0.3% by weight or more, preferably 0. 5 wt% or more, e.g. 0.5 - 3 wt%, e.g. 0.7 - 0.8 wt%.
  • the advantage of using such an alloy is, in particular, that chemically it can essentially behave like pure aluminum.
  • the blasting agent can also include other alloy components, which are not particularly restricted.
  • the blasting agent comprises Zr and/or Mn.
  • the blasting agent comprises an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, which comprises Zr and/or Mn, in particular Zr, and consists in particular of such an alloy.
  • the ratio of Zr to Sc is in particular in a range from 1:10 to 2:1, preferably 1:7 to 1:1, more preferably 1:5 to 1:2.
  • unavoidable impurities can also be contained according to certain embodiments.
  • the blasting agent comprises particles of the Al and/or Mg alloy with a size of 45 ⁇ m or more, preferably 65 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 75 ⁇ m or more, even more preferably at least 80 ⁇ m, for example with a particle size x of 45 ⁇ m ⁇ x ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, preferably 65 ⁇ m ⁇ x ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 75 ⁇ m ⁇ x ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, even more preferably 80 ⁇ m ⁇ x ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably it consists of these.
  • Corresponding particles can in turn be obtained, for example, by means of a sieve analysis with sieves with mesh sizes of 45 ⁇ m, 65 ⁇ m, 75 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m, depending on the desired fraction. If the abrasive particles are too small, they will not produce enough blasting effect. If the particles are too large, they are more difficult to accelerate sufficiently to radiate to have an appropriate effect.
  • the blasting agent was heated by a heat treatment at a temperature of 250°C - 400°C, preferably 275°C - 350°C, more preferably 300 - 325°C, e.g. 325°C, and/or in a period of 15 - 6000 min, preferably 60 to 240 min, more preferably 90 to 150 min, eg 120 min.
  • the blasting agent can be further solidified compared to untreated particles.
  • the blasting agent comprises Al and Sc, preferably Al, Mg and Sc, precipitation hardening of the Sc can take place here, so that a coherent Al3Sc phase can form.
  • an Al3ScZr phase can also form, which can further contribute to the hardness of the blasting abrasive.
  • the blasting agent was preferably treated by heat treatment at a temperature of 250°C - 400°C, preferably 275°C - 350°C, more preferably 300 - 325°C, e.g. 325°C, for a period of 15 - 6000 min. preferably cured for 60 to 240 minutes, more preferably 90 to 150 minutes, for example 120 minutes.
  • the higher the temperature of the heat treatment the shorter the period of time is preferably.
  • the blasting agent has a hardness of >150 HB.
  • the hardness can be suitably determined here, for example according to Brinell, for example according to EN ISO 6506 (EN ISO 6506-1 to EN ISO 6506-4).
  • Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for blasting a component, the component comprising Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, the blasting agent comprising an AlSc alloy, the blasting agent particles of AlSc alloy with a size of 45 ⁇ m or more includes, wherein the component is blasted with the blasting medium.
  • the blasting agent in this method is the blasting agent according to the invention.
  • the blasting agent comprises an AISc alloy, preferably an AlMgSc alloy.
  • the blasting agent comprises particles with a size of preferably 65 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 75 ⁇ m or more, even more preferably at least 80 ⁇ m, for example with a particle size x of 45 ⁇ m ⁇ x ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, preferably 65 ⁇ m ⁇ x ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 75 ⁇ m ⁇ x ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, even more preferably 80 ⁇ m ⁇ x ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, and particularly preferably it consists of these.
  • Corresponding particles can in turn be obtained, for example, by means of a sieve analysis with sieves with mesh sizes of 45 ⁇ m, 65 ⁇ m, 75 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m, depending on the desired fraction.
  • the Sc content in the steel shot is at least 0.5% by weight, based on the shot.
  • the blasting agent was heated by a heat treatment at a temperature of 250°C - 400°C, preferably 275°C - 350°C, more preferably 300 - 325°C, e.g. 325°C, and/or in a period of 15 - 6000 min, preferably 60 to 240 min, more preferably 90 to 150 min, eg 120 min.
  • the blasting agent has a hardness of >150 HB.
  • the component was produced by a powder melting process or a powder sintering process, preferably by a laser powder bed melting process.
  • the component consists of a material of the same type and/or similar to the blasting agent.
  • the component preferably consists of the same material as the blasting medium.
  • an AlSc alloy is atomized from a melt and a particle fraction is screened out of the particles produced in this way, with particles having a size of 45 ⁇ m being screened out of the particles produced as blasting agent.
  • particles with a size of preferably 65 ⁇ m or more, more preferably 75 ⁇ m or more, even more preferably at least 80 ⁇ m for example with a particle size x of 45 ⁇ m ⁇ x ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, preferably 65 ⁇ m ⁇ x ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, more preferably 75 ⁇ m ⁇ x ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, even more preferably 80 ⁇ m ⁇ x ⁇ 200 ⁇ m, screened out from the particles produced as blasting agent.
  • Corresponding particles can be obtained, for example, by sieving with sieves with mesh sizes of 45 ⁇ m, 65 ⁇ m, 75 ⁇ m, 80 ⁇ m and 200 ⁇ m, depending on the desired fraction.
  • the sieved particles are at a temperature of 250 ° C - 400 ° C, preferably 275 ° C - 350 ° C, more preferably 300 - 325 ° C, for example 325 ° C, and / or in a period of 15 - 6000 min, preferably 60 to 240 min, more preferably 90 to 150 min, for example 120 min, cured.
  • the particles screened out are preferably treated by heat treatment at a temperature of 250° C.-400° C., preferably 275° C.-350° C., more preferably 300-325° C., eg 325° C., for a period of 15-6000 minutes , preferably 60 to 240 min, more preferably 90 to 150 min, for example 120 min, cured.
  • the particles for the production of the component can be screened out from the remaining particles, for example as indicated above.
  • One advantage of this method according to the invention is that after the component has been blasted, the blasting agent can again be separated off by sieving and can therefore be reused, for example in a new blasting process or blasting method.
  • the present invention relates to a method for producing a blasted component, the component comprising Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, the component being produced by a powder melting process or a powder -Sintering process is produced and is blasted with the blasting agent according to the invention.
  • the component is not particularly limited here, provided it includes Al and/or Mg, in particular Al, and can have any shape and configuration.
  • at least one surface of the component to be blasted comprises Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, for example an alloy comprising Al and Mg.
  • the component consists essentially of an Al and/or Mg or Mg alloy or consists of the Al and/or Mg alloy.
  • the Al and/or Mg alloy is not particularly restricted here and can, for example, be an alloy of Al with a suitable material, ie for example a 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx or 8xxx alloy.
  • the component comprises Sc, in particular in an amount of 0.3% by weight or more, preferably 0.5% by weight or more, for example 0.5 - 3 wt% Sc, for example 0.7 - 0.8 wt% Sc.
  • the component comprises an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, and the component preferably consists of an AISc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, in particular with an Sc content of 0.3% by weight or more. preferably 0.5% by weight or more, for example 0.5-3% by weight, for example 0.7-0.8% by weight.
  • the component in particular in addition to Sc, can also include other alloying components, which are not particularly restricted.
  • the component includes Zr and/or Mn.
  • the component comprises an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, which comprises Zr and/or Mn, in particular Zr, and consists in particular of such an alloy.
  • the ratio of Zr to Sc is in particular in a range from 1:10 to 2:1, preferably 1:7 to 1:1, more preferably 1:5 to 1:2.
  • the component is produced by a powder melting process or a powder sintering process, preferably by a laser powder bed melting process.
  • the powder melting method and the powder sintering method are not particularly limited, and examples of such methods include selective laser sintering, electron beam melting or selective laser melting, which methods are not particularly limited.
  • the device is manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Melting (LBP-S), such as that used for 3D printing. In this case, the method itself is again not particularly limited.
  • the production takes place with powders having a particle size of 20 to 75 ⁇ m, preferably 20 to 65 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 to 45 ⁇ m.
  • Corresponding powder fractions can be analyzed with a sieve analysis are obtained with appropriate sieves with mesh sizes of 20 ⁇ m, 45 ⁇ m, 65 ⁇ m and 75 ⁇ m, depending on the desired fraction.
  • the powder for the abrasive is produced by the same process as the material for the production of the component.
  • the powder for the blasting agent and the powder for producing the component are produced in the same process, in particular in the same process step, e.g. a powder production campaign, so that, for example, both powders from the production campaign can be separated from one another, for example by screening.
  • particles of the powder produced are used for the production of the blasting medium, which are not used for the production of the component, for example due to the particle size.
  • the particles for producing the blasting agent are larger than the particles for producing the component.
  • a component is described and not according to the invention, the component comprising Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, the component being produced by a powder melting process or a powder sintering process and with the blasting agent according to the invention is blasted.
  • the component is again not particularly limited, provided it comprises Al and/or Mg, in particular Al, and can have any shape and configuration.
  • at least one surface of the component to be blasted comprises Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, for example an alloy comprising Al and Mg.
  • the component consists essentially of an Al and/or Mg alloy or consists of the Al and/or Mg alloy.
  • the Al and / or Mg alloy is not particularly limited and can, for example an alloy of Al with a suitable material, for example a 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx or 8xxx alloy.
  • the component comprises Sc, in particular in an amount of 0.3% by weight or more, preferably 0.5% by weight or more, for example 0.5-3% by weight Sc, for example 0.7-0. 8 wt% Sc.
  • the component comprises an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, and the component preferably consists of an AISc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, in particular with an Sc content of 0.3% by weight or more. preferably 0.5% by weight or more, for example 0.5-3% by weight, for example 0.7-0.8% by weight.
  • the component in particular in addition to Sc, can also include other alloying components, which are not particularly restricted.
  • the component includes Zr and/or Mn.
  • the component comprises an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, which comprises Zr and/or Mn, in particular Zr, and consists in particular of such an alloy.
  • the ratio of Zr to Sc is in particular in a range from 1:10 to 2:1, preferably 1:7 to 1:1, more preferably 1:5 to 1:2.
  • the component is produced by a powder melting process or a powder sintering process, preferably by a laser powder bed melting process.
  • the powder melting method and the powder sintering method are not particularly limited, and examples of such methods include selective laser sintering, electron beam melting or selective laser melting, which methods are not particularly limited.
  • the component is manufactured by laser powder bed melting (LBP-S), such as that shown in FIG used for 3D printing. In this case, the method itself is again not particularly limited.
  • the production takes place with powders having a particle size of 20 to 75 ⁇ m, preferably 20 to 65 ⁇ m, more preferably 20 to 45 ⁇ m.
  • Corresponding powder fractions can be obtained with a sieve analysis using appropriate sieves with mesh sizes of 20 ⁇ m, 45 ⁇ m, 65 ⁇ m and 75 ⁇ m, depending on the desired fraction.
  • the powder for the abrasive is produced by the same process as the material for the production of the component.
  • the powder for the blasting agent and the powder for producing the component are produced in the same process, in particular in the same process step, e.g. a powder production campaign, so that, for example, both powders from the production campaign can be separated from one another, for example by screening.
  • particles of the powder produced are used for the production of the blasting medium, which are not used for the production of the component, for example due to the particle size.
  • the particles for producing the blasting agent are larger than the particles for producing the component.
  • FIG. 1 shows a schematic sequence of how an exemplary component and an exemplary blasting agent can be produced in a method and how the component can be blasted with the blasting agent.
  • a melt comprising Al, Mg and Sc is produced in a first step 1 .
  • An example of such a melt is a melt of AlMg 4.5 SC 0.75 Zr 0.3 , which can be produced at a temperature of approx. 800° C., for example.
  • the melt comprising Al, Mg and Sc for example the AlMg 4.5 Sc 0.75 Zr 0.3 melt, is then atomized, which is not particularly restricted. This results in a powder of the alloy, which is referred to below as AlMgSc powder.
  • the AlMgSc powder produced is separated and screened out.
  • a component can then be produced in step 4 using a first powder fraction and a further powder fraction can be provided for the production of a blasting agent.
  • a fraction with a particle size of less than 20 ⁇ m can be separated from the AlMgSc powder, which fraction can be fed back to step 1, for example, since the particles of the fraction can be too small for the production of a component.
  • a further fraction can, for example, have a particle size in a range from 20 to ⁇ 65 ⁇ m, which is used to produce a component by means of a laser powder bed melting process (which is not particularly restricted).
  • a further, third fraction of the powder with a particle size of, for example, 65 ⁇ m and more, for example 75 ⁇ m-200 ⁇ m, can then be used to produce a blasting medium.
  • this additional, third powder fraction is then hardened to produce the blasting agent, for example at a temperature of 325°C for a period of 120 minutes. This makes the blasting agent harder than the component, making it well suited for abrasive cleaning blasting.
  • step 6 the component produced in step 4 is blasted with the blasting agent produced in step 5, for example for a cleaning and/or smoothing blasting and/or shot peening of the component manufactured using the laser powder bed melting process.
  • This production step 6 can be followed by an optional step 7 in which the blasting agent is reused or is used again, for example by being separated again by sieving after blasting.

Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Strahlmittel zum Strahlen eines Bauteils, wobei das Bauteil Al und/oder Mg, insbesondere eine Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung, umfasst, ein Verfahren zum Strahlen eines Bauteils, wobei das Bauteil Al und/oder Mg, insbesondere eine Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung, umfasst, ein Verfahren zum Herstellen eines Strahlmittels, sowie ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gestrahlten Bauteils.The present invention relates to a blasting agent for blasting a component, the component comprising Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, a method for blasting a component, the component comprising Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, a method for producing a blasting medium, and a method for producing a blasted component.

Insbesondere bei Bauteilen, welche Aluminium oder Magnesium enthalten, beispielsweise Al- und/oder Mg-Legierungen, und die insbesondere mittels eines Pulver-Schmelzverfahren oder ein Pulver-Sinterverfahren hergestellt wurden, sollten nach der Herstellung in der Maschine anhaftende Pulverreste entfernt werden, welche in einer Weiterverarbeitung nachteilig sein können, beispielsweise aufgrund der so erzeugten Rauigkeit.Particularly in the case of components which contain aluminum or magnesium, for example Al and/or Mg alloys, and which were produced in particular by means of a powder melting process or a powder sintering process, powder residues adhering to the machine should be removed after production, which in further processing can be disadvantageous, for example due to the roughness produced in this way.

Üblicherweise werden Oberflächen von solchen Bauteilen mittels Sandstrahlen oder Strahlen mit Korund gereinigt. Als Alternative können auch Materialien auf Keramikbasis oder Kies zum Strahlen verwendet werden, wie auch beispielsweise Materialien auf Basis von Eisenlegierungen, wie beispielsweise in der US2016375549 beschrieben.Surfaces of such components are usually cleaned by means of sandblasting or blasting with corundum. As an alternative, materials based on ceramics or gravel can also be used for blasting, as well as, for example, materials based on iron alloys, as for example in US Pat US2016375549 described.

Die entsprechenden Strahlmittel unterscheiden sich aber bei Bauteilen, welche Aluminium oder Magnesium, insbesondere Al, enthalten, vom Material des Bauteils und können zu Kontaminationen führen, wenn beispielsweise Strahlmittel in der Oberfläche hängen bleiben und/oder Abrieb die Oberflächen der Al- oder Mg-Bauteile chemisch mit Fremdlegierungsmaterial belastet, was zu Korrosionsproblemen oder Festigkeitsproblemen führen kann. Dies ist insbesondere der Fall, wenn hochfeste Legierungen wie AlMgSc-Legierungen, beispielsweise Scalmalloy®-Legierungen, gestrahlt werden. Deshalb kann sich hierbei noch ein weiterer Beizschritt anschließen, um dieses Strahlmaterial zu entfernen. Ein entsprechender Schritt ist jedoch mit weiterem Aufwand verbunden.However, in the case of components that contain aluminum or magnesium, in particular Al, the corresponding blasting agents differ from the material of the component and can lead to contamination if, for example, blasting agents get stuck in the surface and/or abrasion occurs on the surfaces of the Al or Mg components chemically stressed with foreign alloy material, which can lead to corrosion problems or strength problems. This is particularly the case when high-strength alloys such as AlMgSc alloys, such as Scalmalloy ® alloys, are blasted. A further pickling step can therefore follow in order to remove this blasting material. However, a corresponding step is associated with additional effort.

Die CN 104846239 A offenbart ein Aluminiumlegierung-Strahlmittel, und ein Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung.the CN 104846239A discloses an aluminum alloy shot, and a method of making the same.

Vor diesem Hintergrund liegt der vorliegenden Erfindung die Aufgabe zugrunde, ein verbessertes Verfahren zum Strahlen eines Bauteils, welches Al und/oder Mg enthält, bereitzustellen, sowie ein Strahlmaterial, welches in einem solchen Verfahren eingesetzt werden kann.Against this background, the object of the present invention is to provide an improved method for blasting a component that contains Al and/or Mg, and also a blasting material that can be used in such a method.

Erfindungsgemäß wird diese Aufgabe gelöst durch ein Strahlmittel mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 1, durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 6, durch einen Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 12, und durch ein Verfahren mit den Merkmalen des Patentanspruchs 14.According to the invention, this object is achieved by a blasting agent with the features of patent claim 1, by a method with the features of patent claim 6, by a method with the features of patent claim 12, and by a method with the features of patent claim 14.

Die der vorliegenden Erfindung zugrunde liegende Idee besteht darin, dass das Bauteil umfassend Al und/oder Mg mit einem Strahlmittel gestrahlt wird, welches eine AlSC-Legierung umfasst, wobei das Strahlmittel Partikel der AlSc-Legierung mit einer Größe von 45 µm oder mehr umfasst, also das Strahlmittel artgleich oder zumindest ähnlich zum Material des Bauteils ist, wodurch eine Kontamination verringert oder sogar vermieden werden kann.The idea on which the present invention is based is that the component comprising Al and/or Mg is blasted with a blasting agent which comprises an AlSC alloy, the blasting agent comprising particles of the AlSc alloy with a size of 45 μm or more, i.e. the blasting agent of the same species or is at least similar to the material of the component, whereby contamination can be reduced or even avoided.

Vorteilhafte Ausgestaltungen und Weiterbildungen ergeben sich aus den weiteren Unteransprüchen sowie aus der Beschreibung unter Bezugnahme auf die Figuren.Advantageous refinements and developments result from the further dependent claims and from the description with reference to the figures.

Definitionendefinitions

So nicht anderweitig definiert haben hierin verwendete technische und wissenschaftliche Ausdrücke dieselbe Bedeutung, wie sie von einem Fachmann auf dem Fachgebiet der Erfindung gemeinhin verstanden wird.Unless otherwise defined, technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one skilled in the art of the invention.

Mengenangaben im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung beziehen sich auf Gew.%, soweit nicht anderweitig angegeben oder aus dem Kontext ersichtlich ist. Im erfindungsgemäßen Strahlmittel ergänzen sich die Gew.%-Anteile auf 100 Gew.%, so nicht aus dem Kontext anderweitig ersichtlich.Quantities in the context of the present invention relate to % by weight, unless stated otherwise or is apparent from the context. In the blasting agent according to the invention, the percentages by weight add up to 100% by weight, unless otherwise apparent from the context.

Im Rahmen der Erfindung ist ein Strahlmittel, auch als Strahlgut bezeichnet, ein Hilfsstoff, der beim Strahlen eingesetzt werden kann. Es umfasst eine Vielzahl von Partikeln, welche üblicherweise alle im Wesentlichen aus demselben Material bestehen. Die Form der Partikel des Strahlmittels ist im Rahmen der Erfindung, als hinsichtlich des erfindungsgemäßen Strahlmittels wie auch der erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren, nicht besonders beschränkt, und die Partikel können rund, eckig und/oder kantig sein und sind beispielsweise eckig und kantig. In den erfindungsgemäßen Verfahren hat das Strahlmittel üblicherweise eine höhere Härte als das zu strahlende Bauteil, insbesondere damit es auch seine Funktion wahrnehmen kann. Insbesondere besteht das erfindungsgemäße Strahlmittel aus einer Legierung oder mehreren Legierungen, insbesondere einer Legierung, umfasst also insbesondere keine keramischen Anteile. Das Strahlmittel wird insbesondere zur Reinigung und/oder Oberflächenglättung verwendet, ist also ein Reinigungs- und/oder Oberflächenglättungs-Strahlmittel. Insbesondere verhält sich das erfindungsgemäße Strahlmittel gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen chemisch inert zum Material des zu strahlenden Bauteils, schädigt also das Bauteil nicht, beispielsweise durch Korrosion.In the context of the invention, a blasting agent, also referred to as blasting material, is an auxiliary material that can be used in blasting. It comprises a large number of particles, which usually all essentially consist of the same material. The shape of the particles of the blasting agent is not particularly restricted within the scope of the invention, with regard to the blasting agent according to the invention and the method according to the invention, and the particles can be round, angular and/or angular and are, for example, angular and angular. In the method according to the invention, the blasting medium usually has a higher hardness than the component to be blasted, in particular so that it can also perform its function. In particular, the blasting agent according to the invention consists of an alloy or a plurality of alloys, in particular an alloy, ie includes in particular no ceramic parts. The blasting agent is used in particular for cleaning and/or surface smoothing, ie it is a cleaning and/or surface smoothing blasting agent. In particular, according to certain embodiments, the blasting agent according to the invention is chemically inert to the material of the component to be blasted, ie it does not damage the component, for example through corrosion.

In einem ersten Aspekt betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Strahlmittel zum Strahlen eines Bauteils, wobei das Bauteil Al und/oder Mg, insbesondere eine Alund/oder Mg-Legierung, umfasst, wobei das Strahlmittel eine AlSc-Legierung umfasst, wobei das Strahlmittel Partikel der AlSc-Legierung mit einer Größe von 45 µm oder mehr umfasst.In a first aspect, the present invention relates to a blasting agent for blasting a component, the component comprising Al and/or Mg, in particular an Aland/or Mg alloy, the blasting agent comprising an AlSc alloy, the blasting agent particles of AlSc -Alloy with a size of 45 µm or more.

Das Bauteil ist hierbei nicht besonders beschränkt, sofern es Al und/oder Mg, insbesondere Al, umfasst, und kann jegliche Form und Ausgestaltung haben. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst zumindest eine zu strahlende Oberfläche des Bauteils Al und/oder Mg, insbesondere eine Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung, beispielsweise eine Legierung umfassend Al und Mg. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen besteht das Bauteil im Wesentlichen aus einer Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung oder besteht aus der Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung. Die Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung ist hierbei nicht besonders beschränkt und kann beispielsweise eine Legierung von Al mit einem geeigneten Material sein, also beispielsweise eine 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx oder 8xxx-Legierung.The component is not particularly limited here, provided it includes Al and/or Mg, in particular Al, and can have any shape and configuration. According to certain embodiments, at least one surface of the component to be blasted comprises Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, for example an alloy comprising Al and Mg. According to certain embodiments, the component consists essentially of an Al and/or Mg or Mg alloy or consists of the Al and/or Mg alloy. The Al and/or Mg alloy is not particularly restricted here and can, for example, be an alloy of Al with a suitable material, ie for example a 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx or 8xxx alloy.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Bauteil Sc, insbesondere in einer Menge von 0,3 Gew.% oder mehr, bevorzugt 0,5 Gew.% oder mehr, beispielsweise 0,5 - 3 Gew.% Sc, beispielsweise 0,7 - 0,8 Gew.% Sc. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Bauteil eine AlSc-Legierung, insbesondere eine AlMgSc-Legierung, und bevorzugt besteht das Bauteil aus einer AISc-Legierung, insbesondere einer AlMgSc-Legierung, insbesondere mit einem Sc-Anteil von 0,3 Gew.% oder mehr, bevorzugt 0,5 Gew.% oder mehr, beispielsweise 0,5 - 3 Gew.%, beispielsweise 0,7 - 0,8 Gew.%.According to certain embodiments, the component comprises Sc, in particular in an amount of 0.3% by weight or more, preferably 0.5% by weight or more, for example 0.5-3% by weight Sc, for example 0.7-0. 8 wt% Sc. According to certain According to one embodiment, the component comprises an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, and the component preferably consists of an AISc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, in particular with an Sc content of 0.3% by weight or more, preferably 0 .5% by weight or more, for example 0.5-3% by weight, for example 0.7-0.8% by weight.

Neben Al und/oder Mg kann das Bauteil, insbesondere neben Sc, noch weitere Legierungsbestandteile umfassen, welche nicht besonders beschränkt sind. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Bauteil Zr und/oder Mn. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Bauteil eine AlSc-Legierung, insbesondere eine AlMgSc-Legierung, welche Zr und/oder Mn, insbesondere Zr, umfasst, und besteht insbesondere aus einer solchen Legierung. Das Verhältnis von Zr zu Sc ist hierbei insbesondere in einem Bereich von 1: 10 bis 2:1, bevorzugt 1:7 bis 1: 1, weiter bevorzugt 1:5 bis 1:2. Auch können natürlich gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen unvermeidbare Verunreinigungen enthalten sein.In addition to Al and/or Mg, the component, in particular in addition to Sc, can also include other alloying components, which are not particularly restricted. According to certain embodiments, the component includes Zr and/or Mn. According to specific embodiments, the component comprises an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, which comprises Zr and/or Mn, in particular Zr, and consists in particular of such an alloy. The ratio of Zr to Sc is in particular in a range from 1:10 to 2:1, preferably 1:7 to 1:1, more preferably 1:5 to 1:2. Of course, unavoidable impurities can also be contained according to certain embodiments.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen ist das Bauteil durch ein Pulver-Schmelzverfahren oder ein Pulver-Sinterverfahren, bevorzugt durch ein Laser-Pulverbett-Schmelzverfahren, hergestellt. Das Pulver-Schmelzverfahren und das Pulver-Sinterverfahren sind dabei nicht besonders beschränkt, und als Beispiele für solche Verfahren sind das selektive Lasersintern, das Elektronenstrahlschmelzen oder das selektive Laserschmelzen zu nennen, wobei die Verfahren nicht besonders beschränkt sind. Insbesondere wird das Bauteil durch ein Laser-Pulverbett-Schmelzen (LBP-S) hergestellt, wie es beispielsweise zum 3D-Drucken verwendet wird. Das Verfahren selbst ist hierbei wiederum nicht besonders beschränkt. Insbesondere erfolgt die Herstellung mit Pulvern mit einer Partikelgröße von 20 bis 75 µm, bevorzugt 20 bis 65 µm, weiter bevorzugt 20 bis 45 µm. Entsprechende Pulverfraktionen können entsprechend mit einer Siebanalyse erhalten werden mit entsprechenden Sieben mit Maschenweiten von 20 µm, 45 µm, 65 µm, und 75 µm, entsprechend der gewünschten Fraktion.According to certain embodiments, the component is produced by a powder melting process or a powder sintering process, preferably by a laser powder bed melting process. The powder melting method and the powder sintering method are not particularly limited, and examples of such methods include selective laser sintering, electron beam melting or selective laser melting, which methods are not particularly limited. In particular, the device is manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Melting (LBP-S), such as that used for 3D printing. In this case, the method itself is again not particularly limited. In particular, the production takes place with powders having a particle size of 20 to 75 μm, preferably 20 to 65 μm, more preferably 20 to 45 μm. Corresponding powder fractions can be obtained correspondingly with a sieve analysis with corresponding Sieves with mesh sizes of 20 µm, 45 µm, 65 µm and 75 µm, depending on the desired fraction.

Auch das Strahlmittel ist nicht besonders beschränkt, sofern es eine AISc-Legierung umfasst, wobei das Strahlmittel Partikel der AlSc-Legierung mit einer Größe von 45 µm oder mehr umfasst.Also, the blasting agent is not particularly limited as long as it comprises an AISc alloy, wherein the blasting agent comprises particles of the AlSc alloy having a size of 45 μm or more.

Ein Pulver für die Herstellung des Strahlmittels kann durch übliche Verfahren zur Herstellung von Pulvern für die Pulvermetallurgie und/oder für Pulver-Schmelzverfahren oder Pulver-Sinterverfahren, bevorzugt Laser-Pulverbett-Schmelzverfahren, hergestellt werden, welche nicht besonders beschränkt sind. Beispielsweise kann das Pulver für die Herstellung des Strahlmittels durch Zerstäubung einer Metallschmelze bzw. einer Schmelze einer Metalllegierung und Abtrennung einer geeigneten Partikelfraktion erzeugt werden. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen wird das Pulver für das Strahlmittel durch dasselbe Verfahren hergestellt wie das Material für die Herstellung des Bauteils. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen werden das Pulver für das Strahlmittel und das Pulver zur Herstellung des Bauteils im selben Verfahren, insbesondere im selben Verfahrensschritt, z.B. einer Pulverherstellungskampagne, hergestellt, sodass beispielsweise beide Pulver aus der Herstellungskampagne voneinander getrennt werden können, beispielsweise durch Aussieben. Insbesondere werden für die Herstellung des Strahlmittels dabei Partikel des erzeugten Pulvers verwendet, welche nicht für die Herstellung des Bauteils verwendet werden, beispielsweise aufgrund der Partikelgröße. Insbesondere sind die Partikel zur Herstellung des Strahlmittels größer als die Partikel zur Herstellung des Bauteils.A powder for the production of the blasting agent can be produced by conventional methods for producing powders for powder metallurgy and/or for powder melting methods or powder sintering methods, preferably laser powder bed melting methods, which are not particularly restricted. For example, the powder for producing the blasting agent can be produced by atomizing a metal melt or a melt of a metal alloy and separating off a suitable particle fraction. According to certain embodiments, the powder for the abrasive is produced by the same process as the material for the production of the component. According to certain embodiments, the powder for the blasting agent and the powder for producing the component are produced in the same process, in particular in the same process step, e.g. a powder production campaign, so that, for example, both powders from the production campaign can be separated from one another, for example by screening. In particular, particles of the powder produced are used for the production of the blasting medium, which are not used for the production of the component, for example due to the particle size. In particular, the particles for producing the blasting agent are larger than the particles for producing the component.

Gemäß der Erfindung umfasst das Strahlmittel Sc, insbesondere in einer Menge von 0,3 Gew.% oder mehr, bevorzugt 0,5 Gew.% oder mehr, beispielsweise 0,5 - 3According to the invention, the blasting agent comprises Sc, in particular in an amount of 0.3% by weight or more, preferably 0.5% by weight or more, for example 0.5-3

Gew.% Sc, beispielsweise 0,7 - 0,8 Gew.% Sc. Das Strahlmittel umfasst eine AISc-Legierung, insbesondere eine AlMgSc-Legierung, und bevorzugt besteht das Bauteil aus einer AlSc-Legierung, insbesondere einer AlMgSc-Legierung, insbesondere mit einem Sc-Anteil von 0,3 Gew.% oder mehr, bevorzugt 0,5 Gew.% oder mehr, beispielsweise 0,5 - 3 Gew.%, beispielsweise 0,7 - 0,8 Gew.%. Der Vorteil in der Verwendung einer solchen Legierung besteht insbesondere darin, dass sie sich chemisch im Wesentlichen wie reines Aluminium verhalten kann.wt% Sc, for example 0.7 - 0.8 wt% Sc. The blasting agent comprises an AISc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, and the component preferably consists of an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, in particular with an Sc content of 0.3% by weight or more, preferably 0. 5 wt% or more, e.g. 0.5 - 3 wt%, e.g. 0.7 - 0.8 wt%. The advantage of using such an alloy is, in particular, that chemically it can essentially behave like pure aluminum.

Das Strahlmittel kann noch weitere Legierungsbestandteile umfassen, welche nicht besonders beschränkt sind. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Strahlmittel Zr und/oder Mn. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Strahlmittel eine AlSc-Legierung, insbesondere eine AlMgSc-Legierung, welche Zr und/oder Mn, insbesondere Zr, umfasst, und besteht insbesondere aus einer solchen Legierung. Das Verhältnis von Zr zu Sc ist hierbei insbesondere in einem Bereich von 1: 10 bis 2:1, bevorzugt 1:7 bis 1: 1, weiter bevorzugt 1:5 bis 1:2. Auch können natürlich gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen unvermeidbare Verunreinigungen enthalten sein.The blasting agent can also include other alloy components, which are not particularly restricted. According to certain embodiments, the blasting agent comprises Zr and/or Mn. According to specific embodiments, the blasting agent comprises an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, which comprises Zr and/or Mn, in particular Zr, and consists in particular of such an alloy. The ratio of Zr to Sc is in particular in a range from 1:10 to 2:1, preferably 1:7 to 1:1, more preferably 1:5 to 1:2. Of course, unavoidable impurities can also be contained according to certain embodiments.

Gemäß der Erfindung umfasst das Strahlmittel Partikel der Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung mit einer Größe von 45 µm oder mehr, bevorzugt 65 µm oder mehr, weiter bevorzugt 75 µm oder mehr, noch weiter bevorzugt mindestens 80 µm, beispielsweise mit einer Partikelgröße x von 45 µm ≤ x ≤ 200 µm, bevorzugt 65 µm ≤ x ≤ 200 µm, weiter bevorzugt 75 µm ≤ x ≤ 200 µm, noch weiter bevorzugt 80 µm ≤ x ≤ 200 µm, und insbesondere bevorzugt besteht es aus diesen. Entsprechende Partikel können wiederum beispielsweise durch eine Siebanalyse mit Sieben mit Maschenweiten von 45 µm, 65 µm, 75 µm, 80 µm, und 200 µm, entsprechend der gewünschten Fraktion, erhalten werden. Wenn die Partikel des Strahlmittels zu klein sind, erzeugen sie zu wenig Wirkung beim Strahlen. Wenn die Partikel zu groß sind, lassen sie sich schwerer ausreichend zum Strahlen beschleunigen, um eine geeignete Wirkung zu entfalten.According to the invention, the blasting agent comprises particles of the Al and/or Mg alloy with a size of 45 μm or more, preferably 65 μm or more, more preferably 75 μm or more, even more preferably at least 80 μm, for example with a particle size x of 45 μm≦x≦200 μm, preferably 65 μm≦x≦200 μm, more preferably 75 μm≦x≦200 μm, even more preferably 80 μm≦x≦200 μm, and particularly preferably it consists of these. Corresponding particles can in turn be obtained, for example, by means of a sieve analysis with sieves with mesh sizes of 45 μm, 65 μm, 75 μm, 80 μm and 200 μm, depending on the desired fraction. If the abrasive particles are too small, they will not produce enough blasting effect. If the particles are too large, they are more difficult to accelerate sufficiently to radiate to have an appropriate effect.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen wurde das Strahlmittel durch eine Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur von 250°C - 400°C, bevorzugt 275°C - 350°C, weiter bevorzugt 300 - 325°C, z.B. 325°C, und/oder in einer Zeitdauer von 15 - 6000 min, bevorzugt 60 bis 240 min, weiter bevorzugt 90 bis 150 min, z.B. 120 min, gehärtet. Hierdurch kann das Strahlmittel im Vergleich zu unbehandelten Partikeln weiterverfestigt werden. Insbesondere da das Strahlmittel Al und Sc, bevorzugt Al, Mg und Sc, umfasst, kann hierbei eine Ausscheidungshärtung des Sc erfolgen, sodass sich eine kohärente Al3Sc-Phase bilden kann. Wenn zusätzlich Zr enthalten ist, kann sich zudem eine Al3ScZr-Phase bilden, welche weiter zur Härte des Strahlmittels beitragen kann. Bevorzugt wurde das Strahlmittel durch eine Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur von 250°C -400°C, bevorzugt 275°C - 350°C, weiter bevorzugt 300 - 325°C, z.B. 325°C, in einer Zeitdauer von 15 - 6000 min, bevorzugt 60 bis 240 min, weiter bevorzugt 90 bis 150 min, z.B. 120 min, gehärtet. Hierbei ist bevorzugt die Zeitdauer umso kürzer, je höher die Temperatur der Wärmebehandlung ist.According to certain embodiments, the blasting agent was heated by a heat treatment at a temperature of 250°C - 400°C, preferably 275°C - 350°C, more preferably 300 - 325°C, e.g. 325°C, and/or in a period of 15 - 6000 min, preferably 60 to 240 min, more preferably 90 to 150 min, eg 120 min. As a result, the blasting agent can be further solidified compared to untreated particles. In particular, since the blasting agent comprises Al and Sc, preferably Al, Mg and Sc, precipitation hardening of the Sc can take place here, so that a coherent Al3Sc phase can form. If Zr is also included, an Al3ScZr phase can also form, which can further contribute to the hardness of the blasting abrasive. The blasting agent was preferably treated by heat treatment at a temperature of 250°C - 400°C, preferably 275°C - 350°C, more preferably 300 - 325°C, e.g. 325°C, for a period of 15 - 6000 min. preferably cured for 60 to 240 minutes, more preferably 90 to 150 minutes, for example 120 minutes. Here, the higher the temperature of the heat treatment, the shorter the period of time is preferably.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen weist das Strahlmittel eine Härte von > 150 HB auf. Die Härte kann hierbei geeignet bestimmt werden, beispielsweise nach Brinell, beispielsweise gemäß EN ISO 6506 (EN ISO 6506-1 bis EN ISO 6506-4).According to certain embodiments, the blasting agent has a hardness of >150 HB. The hardness can be suitably determined here, for example according to Brinell, for example according to EN ISO 6506 (EN ISO 6506-1 to EN ISO 6506-4).

Ein weiterer Aspekt der vorliegenden Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Strahlen eines Bauteils, wobei das Bauteil Al und/oder Mg, insbesondere eine Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung, umfasst, wobei das Strahlmittel eine AlSc-Legierung umfasst, wobei das Strahlmittel Partikel der AlSc-Legierung mit einer Größe von 45 µm oder mehr umfasst, wobei das Bauteil mit dem Strahlmittel gestrahlt wird. Gemäß der Erfindung ist das Strahlmittel in diesem Verfahren das erfindungsgemäße Strahlmittel.Another aspect of the present invention relates to a method for blasting a component, the component comprising Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, the blasting agent comprising an AlSc alloy, the blasting agent particles of AlSc alloy with a size of 45 µm or more includes, wherein the component is blasted with the blasting medium. According to the invention, the blasting agent in this method is the blasting agent according to the invention.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Strahlmittel eine AISc-Legierung, bevorzugt eine AlMgSc-Legierung.According to certain embodiments, the blasting agent comprises an AISc alloy, preferably an AlMgSc alloy.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Strahlmittel Partikel mit einer Größe von bevorzugt 65 µm oder mehr, weiter bevorzugt 75 µm oder mehr, noch weiter bevorzugt mindestens 80 µm, beispielsweise mit einer Partikelgröße x von 45 µm ≤ x ≤ 200 µm, bevorzugt 65 µm ≤ x ≤ 200 µm, weiter bevorzugt 75 µm ≤ x ≤ 200 µm, noch weiter bevorzugt 80 µm ≤ x ≤ 200 µm, und insbesondere bevorzugt besteht es aus diesen. Entsprechende Partikel können wiederum beispielsweise durch eine Siebanalyse mit Sieben mit Maschenweiten von 45 µm, 65 µm, 75 µm, 80 µm, und 200 µm, entsprechend der gewünschten Fraktion, erhalten werden.According to certain embodiments, the blasting agent comprises particles with a size of preferably 65 μm or more, more preferably 75 μm or more, even more preferably at least 80 μm, for example with a particle size x of 45 μm≦x≦200 μm, preferably 65 μm≦x ≦200 μm, more preferably 75 μm≦x≦200 μm, even more preferably 80 μm≦x≦200 μm, and particularly preferably it consists of these. Corresponding particles can in turn be obtained, for example, by means of a sieve analysis with sieves with mesh sizes of 45 μm, 65 μm, 75 μm, 80 μm and 200 μm, depending on the desired fraction.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen beträgt ein Gehalt an Sc in dem Stahlmittel mindestens 0,5 Gew.%, bezogen auf das Strahlmittel.According to certain embodiments, the Sc content in the steel shot is at least 0.5% by weight, based on the shot.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen wurde das Strahlmittel durch eine Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur von 250°C - 400°C, bevorzugt 275°C - 350°C, weiter bevorzugt 300 - 325°C, z.B. 325°C, und/oder in einer Zeitdauer von 15 - 6000 min, bevorzugt 60 bis 240 min, weiter bevorzugt 90 bis 150 min, z.B. 120 min, gehärtet. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen weist das Strahlmittel eine Härte von > 150 HB auf.According to certain embodiments, the blasting agent was heated by a heat treatment at a temperature of 250°C - 400°C, preferably 275°C - 350°C, more preferably 300 - 325°C, e.g. 325°C, and/or in a period of 15 - 6000 min, preferably 60 to 240 min, more preferably 90 to 150 min, eg 120 min. According to certain embodiments, the blasting agent has a hardness of >150 HB.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen wurde das Bauteil durch ein Pulver-Schmelzverfahren oder ein Pulver-Sinterverfahren, bevorzugt durch ein Laser-Pulverbett-Schmelzverfahren, hergestellt.According to certain embodiments, the component was produced by a powder melting process or a powder sintering process, preferably by a laser powder bed melting process.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen besteht das Bauteil aus einem artgleichen und/oder ähnlichem Material wie das Strahlmittel. Bevorzugt besteht das Bauteil aus demselben Material wie das Strahlmittel.According to specific embodiments, the component consists of a material of the same type and/or similar to the blasting agent. The component preferably consists of the same material as the blasting medium.

Gemäß der Erfindung wird eine AlSc-Legierung aus einer Schmelze zerstäubt und aus den so hergestellten Partikeln eine Partikelfraktion ausgesiebt, wobei Partikel mit einer Größe von 45 µm aus den hergestellten Partikeln als Strahlmittel ausgesiebt werden.According to the invention, an AlSc alloy is atomized from a melt and a particle fraction is screened out of the particles produced in this way, with particles having a size of 45 μm being screened out of the particles produced as blasting agent.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen werden Partikel mit einer Größe von bevorzugt 65 µm oder mehr, weiter bevorzugt 75 µm oder mehr, noch weiter bevorzugt mindestens 80 µm, beispielsweise mit einer Partikelgröße x von 45 µm ≤ x ≤ 200 µm, bevorzugt 65 µm ≤ x ≤ 200 µm, weiter bevorzugt 75 µm ≤ x ≤ 200 µm, noch weiter bevorzugt 80 µm ≤ x ≤ 200 µm, aus den hergestellten Partikeln als Strahlmittel ausgesiebt. Entsprechende Partikel können beispielsweise durch Sieben mit Sieben mit Maschenweiten von 45 µm, 65 µm, 75 µm, 80 µm, und 200 µm, entsprechend der gewünschten Fraktion, erhalten werden.According to certain embodiments, particles with a size of preferably 65 μm or more, more preferably 75 μm or more, even more preferably at least 80 μm, for example with a particle size x of 45 μm ≤ x ≤ 200 μm, preferably 65 μm ≤ x ≤ 200 μm, more preferably 75 μm≦x≦200 μm, even more preferably 80 μm≦x≦200 μm, screened out from the particles produced as blasting agent. Corresponding particles can be obtained, for example, by sieving with sieves with mesh sizes of 45 μm, 65 μm, 75 μm, 80 μm and 200 μm, depending on the desired fraction.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen werden die ausgesiebten Partikel bei einer Temperatur von 250°C - 400°C, bevorzugt 275°C - 350°C, weiter bevorzugt 300 - 325°C, z.B. 325°C, und/oder in einer Zeitdauer von 15 - 6000 min, bevorzugt 60 bis 240 min, weiter bevorzugt 90 bis 150 min, z.B. 120 min, gehärtet. Bevorzugt werden die ausgesiebten Partikel durch eine Wärmebehandlung bei einer Temperatur von 250°C - 400°C, bevorzugt 275°C - 350°C, weiter bevorzugt 300 - 325°C, z.B. 325°C, in einer Zeitdauer von 15 - 6000 min, bevorzugt 60 bis 240 min, weiter bevorzugt 90 bis 150 min, z.B. 120 min, gehärtet.According to certain embodiments, the sieved particles are at a temperature of 250 ° C - 400 ° C, preferably 275 ° C - 350 ° C, more preferably 300 - 325 ° C, for example 325 ° C, and / or in a period of 15 - 6000 min, preferably 60 to 240 min, more preferably 90 to 150 min, for example 120 min, cured. The particles screened out are preferably treated by heat treatment at a temperature of 250° C.-400° C., preferably 275° C.-350° C., more preferably 300-325° C., eg 325° C., for a period of 15-6000 minutes , preferably 60 to 240 min, more preferably 90 to 150 min, for example 120 min, cured.

Aus den verbleibenden Partikeln können gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen die Partikel zur Herstellung des Bauteils, beispielsweise wie oben angegeben, ausgesiebt werden.According to certain embodiments, the particles for the production of the component can be screened out from the remaining particles, for example as indicated above.

Ein Vorteil dieses erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens ist hierbei, dass das Strahlmittel nach dem Strahlen des Bauteils wiederum durch Sieben abgetrennt werden kann und somit wiederverwendet werden kann, beispielsweise bei einem erneuten Strahlprozess bzw. Strahlverfahren.One advantage of this method according to the invention is that after the component has been blasted, the blasting agent can again be separated off by sieving and can therefore be reused, for example in a new blasting process or blasting method.

In einem noch weiteren Aspekt betrifft die vorliegende Erfindung ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines gestrahlten Bauteils, wobei das Bauteil Al und/oder Mg, insbesondere eine Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung, umfasst, wobei das Bauteil durch ein Pulver-Schmelzverfahren oder ein Pulver-Sinterverfahren hergestellt wird und mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Strahlmittel gestrahlt wird.In yet another aspect, the present invention relates to a method for producing a blasted component, the component comprising Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, the component being produced by a powder melting process or a powder -Sintering process is produced and is blasted with the blasting agent according to the invention.

Das Bauteil ist hierbei nicht besonders beschränkt, sofern es Al und/oder Mg, insbesondere Al, umfasst, und kann jegliche Form und Ausgestaltung haben. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst zumindest eine zu strahlende Oberfläche des Bauteils Al und/oder Mg, insbesondere eine Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung, beispielsweise eine Legierung umfassend Al und Mg. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen besteht das Bauteil im Wesentlichen aus einer Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung oder besteht aus der Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung. Die Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung ist hierbei nicht besonders beschränkt und kann beispielsweise eine Legierung von Al mit einem geeigneten Material sein, also beispielsweise eine 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx oder 8xxx-Legierung.The component is not particularly limited here, provided it includes Al and/or Mg, in particular Al, and can have any shape and configuration. According to certain embodiments, at least one surface of the component to be blasted comprises Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, for example an alloy comprising Al and Mg. According to certain embodiments, the component consists essentially of an Al and/or Mg or Mg alloy or consists of the Al and/or Mg alloy. The Al and/or Mg alloy is not particularly restricted here and can, for example, be an alloy of Al with a suitable material, ie for example a 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx or 8xxx alloy.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Bauteil Sc, insbesondere in einer Menge von 0,3 Gew.% oder mehr, bevorzugt 0,5 Gew.% oder mehr, beispielsweise 0,5 - 3 Gew.% Sc, beispielsweise 0,7 - 0,8 Gew.% Sc. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Bauteil eine AlSc-Legierung, insbesondere eine AlMgSc-Legierung, und bevorzugt besteht das Bauteil aus einer AISc-Legierung, insbesondere einer AlMgSc-Legierung, insbesondere mit einem Sc-Anteil von 0,3 Gew.% oder mehr, bevorzugt 0,5 Gew.% oder mehr, beispielsweise 0,5 - 3 Gew.%, beispielsweise 0,7 - 0,8 Gew.%.According to certain embodiments, the component comprises Sc, in particular in an amount of 0.3% by weight or more, preferably 0.5% by weight or more, for example 0.5 - 3 wt% Sc, for example 0.7 - 0.8 wt% Sc. According to certain embodiments, the component comprises an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, and the component preferably consists of an AISc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, in particular with an Sc content of 0.3% by weight or more. preferably 0.5% by weight or more, for example 0.5-3% by weight, for example 0.7-0.8% by weight.

Neben Al und/oder Mg kann das Bauteil, insbesondere neben Sc, noch weitere Legierungsbestandteile umfassen, welche nicht besonders beschränkt sind. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Bauteil Zr und/oder Mn. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Bauteil eine AlSc-Legierung, insbesondere eine AlMgSc-Legierung, welche Zr und/oder Mn, insbesondere Zr, umfasst, und besteht insbesondere aus einer solchen Legierung. Das Verhältnis von Zr zu Sc ist hierbei insbesondere in einem Bereich von 1: 10 bis 2:1, bevorzugt 1:7 bis 1: 1, weiter bevorzugt 1:5 bis 1:2.In addition to Al and/or Mg, the component, in particular in addition to Sc, can also include other alloying components, which are not particularly restricted. According to certain embodiments, the component includes Zr and/or Mn. According to specific embodiments, the component comprises an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, which comprises Zr and/or Mn, in particular Zr, and consists in particular of such an alloy. The ratio of Zr to Sc is in particular in a range from 1:10 to 2:1, preferably 1:7 to 1:1, more preferably 1:5 to 1:2.

Das Bauteil ist durch ein Pulver-Schmelzverfahren oder ein Pulver-Sinterverfahren, bevorzugt durch ein Laser-Pulverbett-Schmelzverfahren, hergestellt. Das Pulver-Schmelzverfahren und das Pulver-Sinterverfahren sind dabei nicht besonders beschränkt, und als Beispiele für solche Verfahren sind das selektive Lasersintern, das Elektronenstrahlschmelzen oder das selektive Laserschmelzen zu nennen, wobei die Verfahren nicht besonders beschränkt sind. Insbesondere wird das Bauteil durch ein Laser-Pulverbett-Schmelzen (LBP-S) hergestellt, wie es beispielsweise zum 3D-Drucken verwendet wird. Das Verfahren selbst ist hierbei wiederum nicht besonders beschränkt. Insbesondere erfolgt die Herstellung mit Pulvern mit einer Partikelgröße von 20 bis 75 µm, bevorzugt 20 bis 65 µm, weiter bevorzugt 20 bis 45 µm. Entsprechende Pulverfraktionen können entsprechend mit einer Siebanalyse erhalten werden mit entsprechenden Sieben mit Maschenweiten von 20 µm, 45 µm, 65 µm, und 75 µm, entsprechend der gewünschten Fraktion.The component is produced by a powder melting process or a powder sintering process, preferably by a laser powder bed melting process. The powder melting method and the powder sintering method are not particularly limited, and examples of such methods include selective laser sintering, electron beam melting or selective laser melting, which methods are not particularly limited. In particular, the device is manufactured by Laser Powder Bed Melting (LBP-S), such as that used for 3D printing. In this case, the method itself is again not particularly limited. In particular, the production takes place with powders having a particle size of 20 to 75 μm, preferably 20 to 65 μm, more preferably 20 to 45 μm. Corresponding powder fractions can be analyzed with a sieve analysis are obtained with appropriate sieves with mesh sizes of 20 μm, 45 μm, 65 μm and 75 μm, depending on the desired fraction.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen wird das Pulver für das Strahlmittel durch dasselbe Verfahren hergestellt wie das Material für die Herstellung des Bauteils. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen werden das Pulver für das Strahlmittel und das Pulver zur Herstellung des Bauteils im selben Verfahren, insbesondere im selben Verfahrensschritt, z.B. einer Pulverherstellungskampagne, hergestellt, sodass beispielsweise beide Pulver aus der Herstellungskampagne voneinander getrennt werden können, beispielsweise durch Aussieben. Insbesondere werden für die Herstellung des Strahlmittels dabei Partikel des erzeugten Pulvers verwendet, welche nicht für die Herstellung des Bauteils verwendet werden, beispielsweise aufgrund der Partikelgröße. Insbesondere sind die Partikel zur Herstellung des Strahlmittels größer als die Partikel zur Herstellung des Bauteils.According to certain embodiments, the powder for the abrasive is produced by the same process as the material for the production of the component. According to certain embodiments, the powder for the blasting agent and the powder for producing the component are produced in the same process, in particular in the same process step, e.g. a powder production campaign, so that, for example, both powders from the production campaign can be separated from one another, for example by screening. In particular, particles of the powder produced are used for the production of the blasting medium, which are not used for the production of the component, for example due to the particle size. In particular, the particles for producing the blasting agent are larger than the particles for producing the component.

Beschrieben und nicht erfindungsgemäß ist ein Bauteil, wobei das Bauteil Al und/oder Mg, insbesondere eine Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung, umfasst, wobei das Bauteil durch ein Pulver-Schmelzverfahren oder ein Pulver-Sinterverfahren hergestellt wird und mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Strahlmittel gestrahlt wird.A component is described and not according to the invention, the component comprising Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, the component being produced by a powder melting process or a powder sintering process and with the blasting agent according to the invention is blasted.

Das Bauteil ist hierbei wiederum nicht besonders beschränkt, sofern es Al und/oder Mg, insbesondere Al, umfasst, und kann jegliche Form und Ausgestaltung haben. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst zumindest eine zu strahlende Oberfläche des Bauteils Al und/oder Mg, insbesondere eine Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung, beispielsweise eine Legierung umfassend Al und Mg. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen besteht das Bauteil im Wesentlichen aus einer Alund/oder Mg-Legierung oder besteht aus der Al- und/oder Mg-Legierung. Die Alund/oder Mg-Legierung ist hierbei nicht besonders beschränkt und kann beispielsweise eine Legierung von Al mit einem geeigneten Material sein, also beispielsweise eine 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx oder 8xxx-Legierung.In this case, the component is again not particularly limited, provided it comprises Al and/or Mg, in particular Al, and can have any shape and configuration. According to certain embodiments, at least one surface of the component to be blasted comprises Al and/or Mg, in particular an Al and/or Mg alloy, for example an alloy comprising Al and Mg. According to certain embodiments, the component consists essentially of an Al and/or Mg alloy or consists of the Al and/or Mg alloy. The Al and / or Mg alloy is not particularly limited and can, for example an alloy of Al with a suitable material, for example a 1xxx, 2xxx, 3xxx, 4xxx, 5xxx, 6xxx, 7xxx or 8xxx alloy.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Bauteil Sc, insbesondere in einer Menge von 0,3 Gew.% oder mehr, bevorzugt 0,5 Gew.% oder mehr, beispielsweise 0,5 - 3 Gew.% Sc, beispielsweise 0,7 - 0,8 Gew.% Sc. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Bauteil eine AlSc-Legierung, insbesondere eine AlMgSc-Legierung, und bevorzugt besteht das Bauteil aus einer AISc-Legierung, insbesondere einer AlMgSc-Legierung, insbesondere mit einem Sc-Anteil von 0,3 Gew.% oder mehr, bevorzugt 0,5 Gew.% oder mehr, beispielsweise 0,5 - 3 Gew.%, beispielsweise 0,7 - 0,8 Gew.%.According to certain embodiments, the component comprises Sc, in particular in an amount of 0.3% by weight or more, preferably 0.5% by weight or more, for example 0.5-3% by weight Sc, for example 0.7-0. 8 wt% Sc. According to certain embodiments, the component comprises an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, and the component preferably consists of an AISc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, in particular with an Sc content of 0.3% by weight or more. preferably 0.5% by weight or more, for example 0.5-3% by weight, for example 0.7-0.8% by weight.

Neben Al und/oder Mg kann das Bauteil, insbesondere neben Sc, noch weitere Legierungsbestandteile umfassen, welche nicht besonders beschränkt sind. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Bauteil Zr und/oder Mn. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen umfasst das Bauteil eine AlSc-Legierung, insbesondere eine AlMgSc-Legierung, welche Zr und/oder Mn, insbesondere Zr, umfasst, und besteht insbesondere aus einer solchen Legierung. Das Verhältnis von Zr zu Sc ist hierbei insbesondere in einem Bereich von 1: 10 bis 2:1, bevorzugt 1:7 bis 1: 1, weiter bevorzugt 1:5 bis 1:2.In addition to Al and/or Mg, the component, in particular in addition to Sc, can also include other alloying components, which are not particularly restricted. According to certain embodiments, the component includes Zr and/or Mn. According to specific embodiments, the component comprises an AlSc alloy, in particular an AlMgSc alloy, which comprises Zr and/or Mn, in particular Zr, and consists in particular of such an alloy. The ratio of Zr to Sc is in particular in a range from 1:10 to 2:1, preferably 1:7 to 1:1, more preferably 1:5 to 1:2.

Das Bauteil ist durch ein Pulver-Schmelzverfahren oder ein Pulver-Sinterverfahren, bevorzugt durch ein Laser-Pulverbett-Schmelzverfahren, hergestellt. Das Pulver-Schmelzverfahren und das Pulver-Sinterverfahren sind dabei nicht besonders beschränkt, und als Beispiele für solche Verfahren sind das selektive Lasersintern, das Elektronenstrahlschmelzen oder das selektive Laserschmelzen zu nennen, wobei die Verfahren nicht besonders beschränkt sind. Insbesondere wird das Bauteil durch ein Laser-Pulverbett-Schmelzen (LBP-S) hergestellt, wie es beispielsweise zum 3D-Drucken verwendet wird. Das Verfahren selbst ist hierbei wiederum nicht besonders beschränkt. Insbesondere erfolgt die Herstellung mit Pulvern mit einer Partikelgröße von 20 bis 75 µm, bevorzugt 20 bis 65 µm, weiter bevorzugt 20 bis 45 µm. Entsprechende Pulverfraktionen können entsprechend mit einer Siebanalyse erhalten werden mit entsprechenden Sieben mit Maschenweiten von 20 µm, 45 µm, 65 µm, und 75 µm, entsprechend der gewünschten Fraktion.The component is produced by a powder melting process or a powder sintering process, preferably by a laser powder bed melting process. The powder melting method and the powder sintering method are not particularly limited, and examples of such methods include selective laser sintering, electron beam melting or selective laser melting, which methods are not particularly limited. In particular, the component is manufactured by laser powder bed melting (LBP-S), such as that shown in FIG used for 3D printing. In this case, the method itself is again not particularly limited. In particular, the production takes place with powders having a particle size of 20 to 75 μm, preferably 20 to 65 μm, more preferably 20 to 45 μm. Corresponding powder fractions can be obtained with a sieve analysis using appropriate sieves with mesh sizes of 20 μm, 45 μm, 65 μm and 75 μm, depending on the desired fraction.

Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen wird das Pulver für das Strahlmittel durch dasselbe Verfahren hergestellt wie das Material für die Herstellung des Bauteils. Gemäß bestimmten Ausführungsformen werden das Pulver für das Strahlmittel und das Pulver zur Herstellung des Bauteils im selben Verfahren, insbesondere im selben Verfahrensschritt, z.B. einer Pulverherstellungskampagne, hergestellt, sodass beispielsweise beide Pulver aus der Herstellungskampagne voneinander getrennt werden können, beispielsweise durch Aussieben. Insbesondere werden für die Herstellung des Strahlmittels dabei Partikel des erzeugten Pulvers verwendet, welche nicht für die Herstellung des Bauteils verwendet werden, beispielsweise aufgrund der Partikelgröße. Insbesondere sind die Partikel zur Herstellung des Strahlmittels größer als die Partikel zur Herstellung des Bauteils.According to certain embodiments, the powder for the abrasive is produced by the same process as the material for the production of the component. According to certain embodiments, the powder for the blasting agent and the powder for producing the component are produced in the same process, in particular in the same process step, e.g. a powder production campaign, so that, for example, both powders from the production campaign can be separated from one another, for example by screening. In particular, particles of the powder produced are used for the production of the blasting medium, which are not used for the production of the component, for example due to the particle size. In particular, the particles for producing the blasting agent are larger than the particles for producing the component.

Die vorliegende Erfindung wird nachfolgend anhand der in den schematischen Figuren angegebenen Ausführungsbeispiele näher erläutert. Es zeigt dabei:

Fig. 1
schematisch ein Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bauteils, wobei das Bauteil mit dem erfindungsgemäßen Strahlmittel gestrahlt wird.
The present invention is explained in more detail below with reference to the exemplary embodiments given in the schematic figures. It shows:
1
schematically shows a method for producing a component, the component being blasted with the blasting agent according to the invention.

Fig. 1 zeigt schematisch einen Ablauf, wie in einem Verfahren ein beispielhaftes Bauteil sowie ein beispielhaftes Strahlmittel hergestellt werden kann und das Bauteil mit dem Strahlmittel gestrahlt werden kann. 1 shows a schematic sequence of how an exemplary component and an exemplary blasting agent can be produced in a method and how the component can be blasted with the blasting agent.

In einem beispielhaften Herstellungsverfahren eines erfindungsgemäßen gestrahlten Bauteils wie auch der Herstellung eines erfindungsgemäßen Strahlguts wird in einem ersten Schritt 1 eine Schmelze umfassend Al, Mg und Sc hergestellt. Ein Beispiel für eine solche Schmelze ist eine Schmelze von AlMg4,5SC0,75Zr0,3, welche beispielsweise bei einer Temperatur von ca. 800°C hergestellt werden kann. In einem Schritt findet dann ein Zerstäuben der Schmelze umfassend Al, Mg und Sc, also beispielsweise der AlMg4,5Sc0,75Zr0,3-Schmelze, statt, welches nicht besonders beschränkt ist. Es entsteht hierbei ein Pulver der Legierung, welches nachfolgend als AlMgSc-Pulver bezeichnet wird. In einem anschließenden Schritt 3 erfolgt ein Separieren und Aussieben des erzeugten AlMgSc-Pulvers. Aus den separierten Pulverfraktionen kann dann in Schritt 4 eine Herstellung eines Bauteils unter Verwendung einer ersten Pulverfraktion und eine Bereitstellung einer weiteren Pulverfraktion zur Herstellung eines Strahlmittels erfolgen. Beispielsweise kann aus dem AlMgSc-Pulver eine Fraktion mit einer Partikelgröße von weniger als 20 µm abgetrennt werden, welche beispielsweise wiederum dem Schritt 1 zugeführt werden kann, da die Partikel der Fraktion zu klein für die Herstellung eines Bauteils sein können. Eine weitere Fraktion kann beispielsweise eine Partikelgröße in einem Bereich von 20 bis <65 µm aufweisen, welche zur Herstellung eines Bauteils mittels eines Laser-Pulverbett-Schmelzverfahrens (welches nicht besonders beschränkt ist) verwendet wird. Eine weitere, dritte Fraktion des Pulvers mit einer Partikelgröße von beispielsweise 65 µm und mehr, z.B. 75 µm - 200 µm, kann dann zur Herstellung eines Strahlmittels verwendet werden. In Schritt 5 wird dann diese weitere, dritte Pulverfraktion zur Herstellung des Strahlmittels gehärtet, beispielsweise bei einer Temperatur von 325°C für eine Zeitdauer von 120 min. Hierdurch wird das Strahlmittel härter als das Bauteil, sodass es für das abrasive Reinigungsstrahlen gut geeignet ist. Im Schritt 6 erfolgt ein Strahlen des in Schritt 4 hergestellten Bauteils mit dem in Schritt 5 hergestellten Strahlmittel, beispielsweise für ein Reinigungs- und/oder Glättungsstrahlen und/oder ein Verfestigungsstrahlen des mittels des Laser-Pulverbett-Schmelzverfahrens hergestellten Bauteils. An diesen Herstellungsschritt 6 kann sich ein optionaler Schritt 7 anschließen, in dem das Strahlmittel wiederverwendet wird bzw. erneut genutzt wird, beispielsweise indem es nach dem Strahlen wiederum durch Sieben abgetrennt wird.In an exemplary production method of a blasted component according to the invention and also the production of a blasting material according to the invention, a melt comprising Al, Mg and Sc is produced in a first step 1 . An example of such a melt is a melt of AlMg 4.5 SC 0.75 Zr 0.3 , which can be produced at a temperature of approx. 800° C., for example. In one step, the melt comprising Al, Mg and Sc, for example the AlMg 4.5 Sc 0.75 Zr 0.3 melt, is then atomized, which is not particularly restricted. This results in a powder of the alloy, which is referred to below as AlMgSc powder. In a subsequent step 3, the AlMgSc powder produced is separated and screened out. From the separated powder fractions, a component can then be produced in step 4 using a first powder fraction and a further powder fraction can be provided for the production of a blasting agent. For example, a fraction with a particle size of less than 20 μm can be separated from the AlMgSc powder, which fraction can be fed back to step 1, for example, since the particles of the fraction can be too small for the production of a component. A further fraction can, for example, have a particle size in a range from 20 to <65 μm, which is used to produce a component by means of a laser powder bed melting process (which is not particularly restricted). A further, third fraction of the powder with a particle size of, for example, 65 μm and more, for example 75 μm-200 μm, can then be used to produce a blasting medium. In step 5, this additional, third powder fraction is then hardened to produce the blasting agent, for example at a temperature of 325°C for a period of 120 minutes. This makes the blasting agent harder than the component, making it well suited for abrasive cleaning blasting. In step 6, the component produced in step 4 is blasted with the blasting agent produced in step 5, for example for a cleaning and/or smoothing blasting and/or shot peening of the component manufactured using the laser powder bed melting process. This production step 6 can be followed by an optional step 7 in which the blasting agent is reused or is used again, for example by being separated again by sieving after blasting.

BezugszeichenlisteReference List

11
Herstellung einer Schmelze umfassend Al, Mg und ScProduction of a melt comprising Al, Mg and Sc
22
Zerstäuben der Schmelze umfassend Al, Mg und Scatomizing the melt comprising Al, Mg and Sc
33
Separieren und Aussieben des erzeugten AlMgSc-PulversSeparation and sieving of the generated AlMgSc powder
44
Herstellung eines Bauteils unter Verwendung einer Pulverfraktion und Bereitstellung einer weiteren Pulverfraktion zur Herstellung eines StrahlmittelsProduction of a component using a powder fraction and provision of a further powder fraction for the production of a blasting agent
55
Härten der weiteren Pulverfraktion zur Herstellung des StrahlmittelsHardening of the other powder fraction to produce the blasting agent
66
Strahlen des Bauteils mit dem StrahlmittelBlasting the component with the blasting medium
77
Gegebenenfalls Wiederverwendung des StrahlmittelsIf necessary, reuse of the blasting agent

Claims (14)

  1. Blasting medium for the blasting of a component, wherein the component comprises Al and/or Mg, especially an Al and/or Mg alloy, wherein the blasting medium comprises an AlSc alloy, characterized in that the blasting medium comprises particles of the AlSc alloy with a size of 45 µm or more.
  2. Blasting medium according to Claim 1, wherein the blasting medium comprises an AlMgSc alloy.
  3. Blasting medium according to Claim 1 or 2, wherein the blasting medium comprises, and especially preferably consists of, particles of the AlSc alloy with a size of 65 µm or more, preferably at least 80 µm.
  4. Blasting medium according to any of Claims 1 to 3, wherein a content of Sc in the blasting medium is at least 0.5% by weight, based on the blasting medium.
  5. Blasting medium according to any of the preceding claims, wherein the blasting medium has been hardened by a heat treatment at a temperature of 250°C-400°C and/or within a period of 15-6000 min and/or has a hardness of > 150 HB.
  6. Method for blasting a component, characterized in that the component comprises Al and/or Mg, especially an Al and/or Mg alloy, wherein the blasting medium comprises an AlSc alloy, wherein the blasting medium comprises particles of the AlSc alloy with a size of 45 µm or more, wherein the component is blasted with the blasting medium.
  7. Method according to Claim 6, wherein the blasting medium comprises an AlMgSc alloy.
  8. Method according to Claim 6 or 7, wherein the blasting medium comprises, and especially preferably consists of, particles of the AlSc alloy with a size of 65 µm or more, preferably at least 80 µm.
  9. Method according to any of Claim 6 to 8, wherein a content of Sc in the blasting medium is at least 0.5% by weight, based on the blasting medium.
  10. Method according to any of Claims 6 to 9, wherein the blasting medium has been hardened by a heat treatment at a temperature of 250°C-400°C and/or within a period of 15-6000 min and/or has a hardness of > 150 HB.
  11. Method according to any of Claims 6 to 10, wherein the component has been produced by a powder fusion process or a powder sintering process, preferably by a laser powder bed fusion process, more preferably wherein the component consists of a similar material to the blasting medium, especially preferably wherein the component consists of the same material as the blasting medium.
  12. Method for producing a blasting medium, characterized in that an AlSc alloy is atomized from a melt, and a particle fraction is screened out from the particles thus produced, wherein particles having a size of 45 µm or more are screened out as blasting medium from the particles produced.
  13. Method according to Claim 12, wherein particles having a size of 65 µm or more, preferably at least 80 µm, are screened out as blasting medium from the particles produced, preferably wherein the screened-out particles are hardened at a temperature of 250°C-400°C and/or within a period of 15-6000 min.
  14. Method for producing a blasted component, characterized in that the component comprises Al and/or Mg, especially an Al and/or Mg alloy, wherein the component is produced by a powder fusion process or a powder sintering process and is blasted with a blasting medium according to any of Claims 1 to 5.
EP19165209.8A 2018-03-27 2019-03-26 Aluminium-scandium alloy containing blasting material for blast cleaning of body containing al and/or mg Active EP3546125B1 (en)

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DE102018204593.3A DE102018204593A1 (en) 2018-03-27 2018-03-27 Al- & Mg-compatible blasting material for cleaning blasting on the basis of AlSc powder

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CN110306081A (en) 2019-10-08
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US20190299362A1 (en) 2019-10-03

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