EP3540145B1 - Cladding element and system for a wall - Google Patents

Description

State of the art

The invention relates to a cladding element for a wall. The invention also relates to a cladding system for a wall using a cladding element according to the invention. In the context of the invention, a wall is understood to mean, in particular, an outer wall, also in the form of a ceiling, of a building.

A wide variety of cladding elements or cladding systems are known both in Europe and in the USA for the exterior cladding of buildings or their walls. Such cladding systems are characterized in that on a support structure of the building (wall) z. B. strip-like fasteners are anchored to which the cladding elements can be attached.

It is known for both optical and functional reasons to make such cladding elements from aluminum. In order not to have to choose the wall thickness of the cladding element too large for the required strength or rigidity, which would also increase its weight and manufacturing costs, it is also known to provide side wall sections on a rectangular base section of the cladding element on its side edges, which are through Forming or folding are formed in a direction perpendicular to the plane of the base section.

In order to provide a wall of a building with cladding elements over a large area, these are arranged next to or on top of one another in the manner of a matrix. This creates longitudinal or transverse gaps between the individual side wall sections of the cladding elements, which can be partially closed by inserting appropriate cover profiles or cover strips. The aim is not only to prevent harmful media, in particular moisture, from entering the support element or the wall of the building, but also to create a visually appealing, homogeneous surface.

In Europe, cladding systems have become established (e.g. from Dokument WO2015 / 179982A1 known), which are only connected to the fastening elements or the wall of the building on two opposite side wall sections of a cladding element. Such a solution has the advantage that relatively large-area cladding elements can be used which accordingly expand relatively strongly when heated. In contrast, in the USA in particular, cladding systems have become established which are firmly connected to the fastening elements or the wall of the building in the area of all four side wall sections of the cladding element. Such cladding elements are limited in terms of their size due to the thermal expansion mentioned.

In addition to the optical criteria mentioned and the desire to be able to use cladding elements that are as large as possible, a further requirement for such a cladding system is that it can also be relatively easily installed or attached to a wall. Finally, it is mentioned that such cladding elements should also have the smallest possible space requirement when they are transported from a manufacturer to the construction site or to a building. For cladding elements that are already completely formed or reshaped at the manufacturer's plant, however, the side wall sections projecting perpendicularly from the base area section result in a relatively large space requirement for transport.

Aluminum composite panels are also known from the prior art as cladding elements, the core layer of which is made of plastic and is covered on both sides with an aluminum layer.

Disclosure of the invention

The cladding element according to the invention for a wall with the features of claim 1 has the advantage that it overcomes the above-mentioned disadvantages of the prior art in a surprising manner and enables a cladding element that is relatively easy to assemble and at the same time the use of allows relatively large cladding elements. Furthermore, it offers the advantage that no optically disruptive elements or elements which are susceptible to corrosion, for example, and which are recognizable or accessible from the outside, are arranged in the intermediate area between two cladding elements.

The described advantages of the invention can essentially be achieved in that the cladding element is fastened to the wall of a building only in the area of two oppositely arranged side wall sections via holding sections on corresponding fastening elements. This results in a reduced installation effort compared to a solution in which all four side wall areas are fastened to the wall via fastening elements. Furthermore, it enables such a solution that when the Cladding element whose length expansion can be equalized or compensated particularly easily without corresponding mechanical stresses being transferred to the fastening elements or the wall. Furthermore, a cover section on the cladding element makes it possible for it to cover a slot or space formed between two adjacent cladding elements without the need for cover strips or the like to fill the slot. In particular, this also enables the possibility of length compensation between adjacent cladding elements in that a side wall section of a first cladding element is arranged in a relatively movable manner on the cover section of a second cladding element.

Furthermore, it is provided according to the teaching of the invention that the cladding element is formed from an integrally formed, plate-shaped blank by reshaping or folding the side wall sections, the holding sections and the cover section. This makes it possible to ensure that the cladding element is manufactured with as little effort as possible, for example by dispensing with welding work or the complex assembly of individual parts.

Furthermore, it is provided according to the invention that the cladding element is formed as a sandwich component with a core area (in particular made of a polyolefin) and covering layers made of aluminum and covering the core area on both sides. This enables a cladding element that is particularly stiff and at the same time relatively low in weight. Such a sandwich material has become known by the applicant under the trade name Alucobond® and has proven itself in worldwide use. Furthermore, it can be provided that, for fire protection reasons, the core layer is mineral, flame-retardant Contains substances or components. Such a sandwich-like design of the cladding element makes it possible, in particular while maintaining a relatively high level of rigidity, to be able to make the cover layers made of aluminum very thin, which reduces the cost of materials and the production costs and at the same time ensures a relatively low weight.

Finally, the cladding element according to the invention provides that grooves are provided on edge areas of the cladding element, which are preferably formed in the area of a cover layer and the core layer of the sandwich component. Such a structural design has the particular advantage that the blank for the cladding element does not have to be folded or folded at the manufacturing plant. It is only provided that the grooves for the edges between the sections, which are arranged at an angle to one another in the folded state, are formed in the material of the sandwich component in the manufacturing plant. Flat or planar blanks with correspondingly low transport space requirements can thus be delivered to the construction site or a building from the manufacturer, which can be manually brought into the final shape of the cladding element on site without tools or aids.

Advantageous developments of the cladding element according to the invention for a wall are given in the subclaims. All combinations of at least two of the features disclosed in the claims, the description and / or the figures are intended to fall within the scope of the invention.

In particular in connection with flat base sections and an overall flat wall cladding, it is provided that the first and / of the second side wall sections are each rectangular.

Either for optical reasons, or to increase the rigidity of the base section, it can also be provided that the base section has at least one edge line, in particular in the form of a diagonal, so that it is arranged at an angle to one another and separated from one another by the at least one edge line flat surface sections are formed.

In a further preferred embodiment of the cladding element, in order to form a particularly rigid cladding element even without additional connecting elements in the area of the side wall sections, it is provided that the side wall sections are connected to one another by a puzzle-like interlocking connection. In a preferred embodiment, such a form-fit connection comprises extensions protruding on the second side wall sections in the direction of the first side wall sections for forming the form-fit connection, which are connected to the second side wall sections via grooves.

In particular, with such a puzzle-like form-fit connection between the side wall sections, it also enables the side wall sections to form closed surfaces, no parts of which protrude into the gap between two adjacent cladding elements.

Furthermore, the invention also comprises a cladding system for a wall with at least one cladding element, which is designed in the manner according to the invention described above, and two with the holding sections of the first side wall sections of the Cladding element cooperating, strip-shaped fastening elements for connecting to a support structure (wall).

A preferred development of the connection system provides that the length of the fastening elements is less than the inside width of the cladding element between the second side wall sections. In other words, this means that there is a play formed in the longitudinal direction of the fastening element between the fastening element or the fastening strip and the cladding element. Such a game not only simplifies the assembly of the cladding element with the fastening element, but also enables tolerance compensation between individual fastening elements or cladding elements.

In particular for reasons of strength or for reasons of the desired stability and corrosion resistance, it is provided that the fastening element consists of aluminum and is designed as an extruded component. For example, for applications in the interior area and / or with small-area cladding elements, however, the fastening element can also consist of steel or plastic.

In order, on the one hand, to be able to fill the intermediate areas or slots formed between the individual cladding elements in a visually satisfactory manner, and also to enable particularly secure attachment of the cladding elements to the fastening elements, a further structural design of the cladding system provides that the fastening element cooperates with a U-shaped in cross-section, made of aluminum and designed as an extruded component, the two oppositely arranged Cladding elements fixed in groove-shaped receiving sections for the holding sections.

In order to enable a particularly simple assembly of the terminal strip even without additional fastening elements or specially designed tools, a structurally preferred development of the terminal strip provides that it interacts with the fastening element by means of a latching connection or a clamping connection.

Further advantages, features and details of the invention emerge from the following description of preferred exemplary embodiments and with reference to the drawing.

Fig. 1

eine perspektivische Draufsicht auf einen plattenförmigen Zuschnitt eines Verkleidungselements für eine Wand,

Fig. 2

eine perspektivische Darstellung eines aus dem Zuschnitt gemäß Fig. 1 gefalteten Verkleidungselements,

Fig. 3

einen Schnitt durch das Material des Zuschnitts gemäß Fig. 1 in einem Abkantbereich,

Fig. 4

eine perspektivische Ansicht auf den Verbindungsbereich zweiter Seitenwandabschnitte des Verkleidungselements gemäß Fig. 2,

Fig. 5

eine Draufsicht auf eine Anordnung von vier in Matrixform nebeneinander angeordneten Verkleidungselementen,

Fig. 6

einen Querschnitt im Verbindungsbereich zweier Verkleidungselemente gemäß Fig. 5 unter Verwendung eines leistenförmigen Befestigungselements und einer Klemmleiste und

Fig. 7

das für das Verkleidungssystem verwendete leistenförmige Befestigungselement der Fig. 6 in einer perspektivischen Einzeldarstellung.

This shows in:

Fig. 1

a perspective top view of a plate-shaped blank of a cladding element for a wall,

Fig. 2

a perspective view of one of the blank according to Fig. 1 folded cladding element,

Fig. 3

a section through the material of the blank according to Fig. 1 in a folding area,

Fig. 4

a perspective view of the connection area of second side wall sections of the cladding element according to FIG Fig. 2 ,

Fig. 5

a plan view of an arrangement of four lining elements arranged side by side in a matrix form,

Fig. 6

a cross section in the connection area of two cladding elements according to Fig. 5 using a strip-shaped fastening element and a terminal strip and

Fig. 7

the strip-shaped fastening element used for the cladding system Fig. 6 in a perspective individual representation.

The same elements or elements with the same function are provided with the same reference numbers in the figures.

In the Fig. 1 a blank 1 for forming a cladding element 10 according to the invention for cladding a wall of a building is shown. The blank 1 has a sandwich-like structure and consists of a core area 2 consisting in particular of plastic (polyolefin), which is covered on both sides by a cover layer 3 made of aluminum ( Fig. 3 ). While the thickness of the core region 2 is between 2 mm and 5 mm, for example, the two cover layers 3 typically have a thickness of approximately 0.5 mm. Such a composite material has become known by the applicant under the name ALUCOBOND®.

The blank 1 or the cladding element 10 has, for example, a rectangular, flat base area section 12. At two opposite side edges of the base area section 12, an identically designed, rectangular first side wall section 14, 15 with a height h _{1 is} connected integrally therewith. The two first side wall sections 14, 15 each have a strip-shaped, rectangular holding section 16 on the side facing away from the base area section 12. Between Lateral edges of the base section 12 and the side wall sections 14, 15 and between the side wall sections 14, 15 and the holding sections 16 are each formed with grooves 18 which form edge areas 19 ( Fig. 3 ).

In the area of the grooves 18, the material of the blank 1 is cut out or removed, at least in the area of a cover layer 3 and essentially up to a residual area also in the area of the core layer 2, preferably by a milling cutter, the size and shape of the grooves 18 being such that by manually reshaping or folding the holding section 16 to the corresponding side wall section 14, 15 or the side wall section 14, 15 to the base section 12, the side wall section 14, 15 can be arranged at right angles, ie perpendicular to the plane of the base section 12. Likewise, the holding sections 16, which are arranged perpendicular to the side wall sections 14, 15 in the bent state, can be folded over in such a way that the holding sections 16 are arranged in overlap with the base surface section 12, as shown in FIG Fig. 2 is recognizable. Specifically, the grooves point according to the Fig. 3 two obliquely arranged side surfaces 4, 5 and a flat groove base 6.

In an analogous manner, two second, rectangular side wall sections 22, 23 with a height h ₂ that is greater than the height h _{1 of} the first side wall sections 14, 15 are provided on opposite sides of the base surface section 12. The first, second side wall section 22 optionally has the The side facing away from the base area section 12 has a strip-shaped cover section 24, while the second second side wall section 23 always has a likewise strip-shaped cover section 25 on the side facing away from the base area section 12. Even between the second Side wall sections 22, 23 and the base surface section 12 and between the second side wall sections 22, 23 and the cover section 24 or the cover section 25 are each formed or provided.

Based on Fig. 2 it can be seen that in the folded state of the blank 1 to form the cladding element 10, the cover section 24 runs or is arranged above the two holding sections 16 and the first side wall sections 14, 15 and is still in overlap with the base section 12. In contrast, the cover section 25 is bent away from the base section 12, both the cover section 24 and the cover section 25 running parallel to the plane of the base section 12.

In order to form a form-fit connection 28 between the first side wall sections 14, 15 and the second side wall sections 22, 23 when the side wall sections 14, 15 and 22, 23 are reshaped, the second side wall sections 22, 23 have extensions projecting on both sides in the direction of the first side wall sections 14, 15 29, 30, which can be connected in one piece to the second side wall sections 22, 23 via grooves 18. For this purpose, the extensions 29, 30 have approximately L-shaped retaining pins 32 in plan view, which engage in oppositely designed receptacles 34 on the first side wall sections 14, 15 in the folded state of the side wall sections 14, 15, 22, 23 and thus the form-fit connection 28 in Form a type of puzzle-like form-fit connection 28.

In the Fig. 4 the form-fit connection 28a is shown with a retaining pin 32a, which is partially round in plan view, and a corresponding receptacle 34a. This also makes it clear that the Form-fit connection 28, 28a or the shape of the retaining pins 32, 32a and the receptacles 34, 34a can be selected or varied in a variety of ways.

In the Fig. 5 four cladding elements 10 are shown as they are attached to a support structure, in particular the wall of a building, not shown. The cladding system 100 used for this purpose comprises, in addition to the number of cladding elements 10 required, for each cladding element 10 two strip-shaped fastening elements 40 arranged on opposite sides in the area of the holding sections 16 and interacting with the holding sections 16. The fastening elements 40 are in particular in a vertical orientation attached to the support structure or the wall of the building, but they can in principle also be arranged in the horizontal direction.

The fastener 40 is in the Fig. 6 in cross section and in the Fig. 7 shown in detail. It is either made of plastic and manufactured in the form of an extrusion part or, however, preferably in the form of an extruded part made of aluminum. The length l of the fastening element 40 in its longitudinal direction is selected so that it is smaller than the inner width W between the two second side wall sections 22, 23 ( Fig. 2 ), so that the fastening elements 40 are arranged with longitudinal play to the cladding elements 10.

How particularly clear from the Fig. 6 As can be seen, the fastening element 40 has a plane of symmetry 42, to which a groove-shaped receiving section 44 for receiving a holding section 16 of a cladding element 10 is arranged symmetrically, such that the holding section 16 is positively locked in the receiving section 44 is positionable. Furthermore, side walls 46, 47 arranged on both sides and parallel to the plane of symmetry 42 are provided, the mutual spacing A of which is greater than the width b of the holding section 16 and the thickness d of the material of the blank 1.

A through hole 49 is formed on a base 48 of the cross section of the fastening element 40, via which the fastening element 40 can be fastened to the support structure or the wall of the building by means of fastening screws 50.

In order to prevent the cladding elements 10 mounted with the fastening elements 40 from being able to emerge from the receiving sections 44, a terminal strip 55 with a U-shaped cross section is provided in a slot 52 between two adjacent cladding elements 10. The terminal strip 55, which is made in particular of aluminum and is designed as an extruded part, has a retaining projection 56 on each side facing away from one another, which cooperates with a corresponding opening 57 in the cross section of the fastening element 40 and forms a clamping connection 58, whereby the side walls of the terminal strip 55 are partially covered with the first side wall sections 14, 15, the latter are positioned or fixed in the receiving sections 44. Furthermore, the cross section of the terminal strip 55 also covers the fastening screws 50 or the through hole 49.

Based on Fig. 5 it can also be seen that in the slots 52, at which no terminal strip 55 is provided, the base of the slot 52 is covered by the cover section 25 of a cladding element 10. For this purpose, the width of the cover section 25 should be selected to be greater than the width of the slot 52.

The cladding system 100 and the cladding element 10 described so far can be modified or modified in many ways without deviating from the concept of the invention. Thus, the cladding element 10 or the shape of the base section 12 is not limited to a rectangular shape. Rather, trapezoidal base sections 12 can also be used, the first side wall sections 14, 15 being arranged in the area of the two parallel sides of the base section 12. The first side wall sections 14, 15 and / or the second side wall sections 22, 23 also do not have to be rectangular. A different shape of the first side wall sections 14, 15 and / or the second side wall sections 22, 23 can achieve the effect that the base section 12 of the cladding element 10 does not run parallel to the wall to which it is attached. Last is in the Fig. 5 exemplified on one of the cladding elements 10, the case is shown that its base surface section 12 has a diagonally running edge line 60 that separates two flat, triangular surface sections 61, 62 from one another.

List of reference symbols

1

Cutting

2

Core area

3

Top layer

4th

Side face

5

Side face

6

Groove base

10

Cladding element

12th

Base section

14th

first sidewall section

15th

first sidewall section

16

Holding section

18th

Groove

19th

Edge area

22nd

second side wall section

23

second side wall section

24

Deck section

25th

Cover section

28

Form-fit connection

28a

Form-fit connection

29

renewal

30th

renewal

32

Retaining pin

32a

Retaining protrusion

34

admission

34a

admission

40

Fastener

42

Plane of symmetry

44

Receiving section

46

Side wall

47

Side wall

48

Base

49

Through hole

50

Fastening screw

52

slot

55

Terminal block

56

Retaining protrusion

57

opening

58

Clamp connection

60

Cantline

61

Area segment

62

Area segment

100

Cladding system

l

length

W.

Inside width

A.

distance

b

width

d

thickness

h ₁ , h ₂

height

Claims (14)

1. A cladding element (10) for a wall, the cladding element comprising a rectangular or trapezoidal base area section (12), opposite first and second lateral wall sections (14, 15, 22, 23) protruding from lateral edges of said base area section (12), strip-shaped support sections (16) disposed to overlap with the base area section (12) being provided at the two first lateral wall sections (14, 15), which are disposed parallel to one another, the support sections (16) being designed for interacting with a groove-shaped accommodation section (44) of a molding-shaped fixing element (40), the cladding element (10) further comprising a first second lateral wall section (22), the side of the first second lateral wall section (22) which faces away from the base area section (12) projecting beyond the support sections (16) on the side opposite to the base area section (12), and comprising a second second lateral wall section (23), a strip-shaped cover section (25) protruding from the side of the second second lateral wall section (23) which faces away from the base area section (12), the strip-shaped cover section (25) being disposed on the side of the second second lateral wall section (23) facing away from the base area section (12) and the cover section (25) extending parallel to the support sections (16), the cover section (25) being disposed on a side facing away from the base area section (12) above the first second lateral wall section (22), the cladding element (10) being formed of a plate-shaped cut (1) realized in one piece by forming the lateral wall sections (14, 15, 22, 23), the support sections (16) and the cover section (25), the cladding element (10) being formed as a sandwich component having a core area (2) and cover layers (3) made of aluminum and covering the core area (2) on both sides, and grooves (18) being provided at edge areas (19) of the cladding element (10), the grooves (18) being realized in the area of a cover layer (3) and of the core area (2).
2. The cladding element according to claim 1,
   characterized in that
   the first and/or second lateral wall sections (14, 15, 22, 23) each have a rectangular shape.
3. The cladding element according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the base area section (12) is flat.
4. The cladding element according to claim 1 or 2,
   characterized in that
   the base area section (12) has at least one edge line (60), in particular in the form of a diagonal, flat area sections (61, 62) thus being realized, the area sections (61, 62) being disposed at an angle to one another and being separated from one another by the at least one edge line (60).
5. The cladding element according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
   characterized in that
   the lateral wall sections (14, 15, 22, 23) are connected to one another by a puzzle-like positive mechanical engagement (28; 28a).
6. The cladding element according to claim 5,
   characterized in that
   the second lateral wall sections (22, 23) have extensions (29, 39) projecting in the direction of the first lateral wall sections (14, 15) for realizing the positive mechanical engagement (28; 28a), the extensions (29, 39) being connected to the second lateral wall sections (22, 23) by means of grooves (18).
7. The cladding element according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
   characterized in that
   the lateral wall sections (14, 15, 22, 23) realize closed surfaces.
8. The cladding element according to any one of claims 1 to 7,
   characterized in that
   a strip-shaped cover section (24) protrudes from the first second lateral wall section (22), the cover section (24) being disposed to overlap with the base area section (12) and being disposed parallel to the base area section (12).
9. A cladding system (100) for a wall, the cladding system comprising a cladding element (10) realized according to any one of claims 1 to 8, and comprising two molding-shaped fixing elements (40) interacting with the support sections (16) of the first lateral wall sections (14, 15) for the connection to a support structure.
10. The cladding system according to claim 9,
    characterized in that
    the length (I) of the fixing elements (40) is smaller than the inside width (W) of the cladding element (10) between the second lateral wall sections (22, 23).
11. The cladding system according to claim 9 or 10,
    characterized in that
    the fixing element (40) is made of aluminum and is realized as an extrusion part.
12. The cladding system according to any one of claims 9 to 11,
    comprising a clamping strip (55) made of aluminum, realized as an extrusion part and having a U-shaped cross section, the fixing element (40) interacting with the clamping strip (55), the clamping strip (55) fixing two cladding elements (10) disposed opposite to one another in groove-shaped accommodation sections (44) for the support sections (16).
13. The cladding system according to claim 12,
    characterized in that
    the clamping strip (55) interacts with the fixing element (40) by means of a clamping connection (58).
14. The cladding system according to claim 12 or 13,
    characterized in that
    the clamping strip (55) covers accommodation openings (49) for connecting the fixing element (40) to the support structure.

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