EP3532420B1 - Lift assembly with sorted belt as compensation element for compensating for the inherent weight of the load carrier - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to an elevator system which comprises a car, a counterweight and at least one suspension element, the suspension element at least partially carrying the cabin and the counterweight and the car and the counterweight being connected to one another via the suspension element. The elevator system also includes a compensation element for compensating for the weight of the suspension element.

In elevator systems, a counterweight is usually provided to compensate for the weight of the car and the loads that can be absorbed in the car. The counterweight is connected to the car via the support means via which the car and the counterweight are carried and moves in the elevator shaft complementary to the car. The suspension element is, in particular, steel cables or belts.

The weight of the counterweight is matched to the weight of the car in a predetermined ratio. This is intended on the one hand to minimize the forces to be applied by the motor of the elevator system to move the car, and on the other hand to ensure that the traction between the suspension element and the disks over which the suspension element is guided is sufficient to prevent slipping to avoid the rope on the pulleys.

In elevator systems with a small lifting height, the weight of the suspension element is negligible even in the compensation, since the weight of the suspension element is significantly smaller compared to the weight of the car or the counterweight.

In the case of elevator systems with a large lifting height, however, correspondingly long suspension elements are necessary so that their own weight can no longer be neglected in the compensation. In particular if the elevator car is in one of the end positions, i.e. either in the elevator shaft at the very bottom or at the very top, and thus the entire weight of the suspension element is arranged on one side, it can happen in high elevator systems that the weight of the suspension element is even significantly greater than is the weight of the elevator car and the counterweight.

In order to compensate for this variable distribution of the no longer negligible weight of the suspension element on the cage-side and counterweight-side of the elevator system, it is common to provide a compensation element to compensate for the weight of the suspension element in elevators.

In known elevators, compensating chains or compensating ropes made of steel are used in particular, which are fastened to the car and the counterweight and thus form a closed circle together with the suspension element, so that the sum of the respective weight of the suspension element and the compensation element is approximately the same on the cabin side and the counterweight side are and thus the elevator system is balanced again.

The disadvantage of the known compensating ropes and compensating chains for compensating the weight of the suspension element is that elements produced specifically for this purpose are used, which increases the material requirement, the production costs and the logistics effort.

An elevator system with belt-like compensation ropes is from the document US 2004/055831 A1 known.

It is the object of the invention to specify an elevator system and a compensation element for compensating the weight of a suspension element of such an elevator system, which are constructed in a simple and material-saving manner. A further object of the invention is to provide a method for recycling suspension elements of elevator systems, with which compensation elements for elevator systems can be produced in a simple, inexpensive manner.

This object is achieved by an elevator system with the features of claim 1, a compensating element with the features of the further independent device claim and a method with the features of the independent method claim. Advantageous further developments of the invention are given in the dependent claims.

According to the invention, the elevator system has a car, a counterweight and a Support means which at least partially carries the car and the counterweight and via which the car and the counterweight are connected to one another. The suspension element can in particular be one or more ropes and / or one or more belts. The suspension element is in particular guided over one or more disks, at least one of these disks being drivable by a motor, so that the car and thus also the counterweight, which is permanently coupled to the car, can be moved by the motor within the elevator shaft.

Furthermore, a compensating element is provided to compensate for the dead weight of the suspension element, the compensating element comprising at least one belt. The belt serving as a compensating element is a discarded belt that was previously used as a support means for a car of an elevator system. A removed belt is understood to mean, in particular, a belt that was previously used as a suspension element in an elevator system and that was sorted out as part of regular maintenance and accordingly removed from the elevator system. In particular, the belt may have been sorted out due to reaching a maximum permissible age and / or reaching a maximum permissible number of bending changes.

This achieves recycling of the discarded belts in that they are no longer used as a safety-relevant suspension element, but as compensation elements which are subject to significantly less stress than the suspension elements and which are therefore not subject to such high demands. This means that the belts do not have to be disposed of, but can be used for another purpose, so that no expensive compensation ropes or compensation chains have to be produced. This reduces the effort and the costs are minimized. In addition, the use of materials is reduced and recycling protects the environment.

In a preferred embodiment, the compensating element comprises at least two belts running parallel to one another and resting on one another.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the compensating element has a predetermined number of belts that run parallel to one another and lie on top of one another, the number being predetermined such that the weight of the compensating element per unit of length is equal to the weight of the suspension element per unit of length. This ensures that the weight of the compensating element and the suspension element are always balanced regardless of the position of the car within the elevator shaft. When belts running parallel to one another lie on top of one another, it is understood in particular that the belts rest on one another with their flat, in particular flat or profiled, sides.

The belts of the compensating element are in particular connected to one another so that they cannot slip relative to one another and are thus held in their predetermined position. In particular, the belts can be connected to one another with the aid of a cold or hot lamination process. In this way, in particular, a secure bond between the various belts is achieved. By melting the belts, the profiled sides of the belts can in particular also be connected to one another, since the profiles are preferably at least partially flattened. Additionally or alternatively, the belts can also be fused, glued to one another and / or riveted to one another. In this way, a safe, simple and inexpensive connection of the discarded belts to form a compensating element can be achieved.

In particular, all belts that are connected to one another to form a compensating element are discarded belts that were previously used as support means, so that no or only a minimal use of new materials is necessary and virtually the entire compensating element consists only of recycled elements. Alternatively, mixed, rejected and new belts or only new, i.e. unused, belts can be connected to one another to form a compensating element.

In a particularly preferred embodiment, the compensation element is arranged both on the car and on the counterweight, in particular on the underside, that is, the side facing the shaft floor when the elevator system is installed as intended, the car or the counterweight. Here, the compensation element can either hang freely within the shaft and / or be attached to the floor of the elevator shaft via a tensioning device, in particular a spring-loaded tensioning device, so that the compensation element is always under tension.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the compensating element comprises a predetermined number of mutually parallel belts resting on top of one another, the number being predetermined such that the weight of the compensating element per unit of length is equal to the weight of the suspension element per unit of length, and the belts of the Compensating element are connected to each other.

A further aspect of the invention relates to a compensating element for compensating for the weight of a suspension element of an elevator installation, the compensating element comprising at least one rejected suspension element previously used as a suspension element for a car of an elevator installation. This means that the compensating elements do not have to be produced specifically and cost-intensively from new raw material, but rather that the discarded suspension element can thus be further used as a compensating element and can thus be recycled.

The discarded suspension element of the compensating element is in particular a discarded belt previously used as a suspension element for a car of an elevator installation.

The compensating element can be developed in particular with the features specified in the dependent claims referring back to claim 1.

Instead of a belt or in addition to at least one belt, the rejected suspension element of the compensating element can also be a rejected rope, previously used as suspension element for a car of an elevator installation.

In a particularly preferred embodiment of the invention, the compensating element comprises, in particular, a plurality of separated ropes that were previously used as suspension means for cars in elevator systems and connected to one another. This means that the removed suspension cables can now also be used as compensation elements. The advantage of using ropes compared to belts is that not so many ropes have to be connected to one another, since the ropes inherently have a higher weight per unit of length than the usual belts.

The number of ropes connected to one another to form the compensation element is particular again selected such that the weight of the compensating element per unit length is equal to the weight per unit of length of the suspension element of an elevator installation for which the compensating element is intended.

In particular, the ropes can be interwoven to form a compensation element. Alternatively, other types of connection of the ropes to one another are also conceivable, for example gluing and / or welding.

A further aspect of the invention relates to an elevator system which comprises a car, a counterweight and a suspension element, the suspension element connecting the cabin and the counterweight to one another and at least partially supporting them. Furthermore, the elevator installation comprises at least one previously described compensation element for compensating for the counterweight of the suspension element.

A further aspect of the invention relates to a method for recycling suspension elements of elevator systems, in which used suspension elements that have at least partially supported a car and / or a counterweight of an elevator system are removed from the elevator system, in particular because they have a number of maximum permissible bending cycles and / or have reached a maximum age.

At least two used suspension elements are then connected to one another in order to achieve a predetermined weight per unit of length. The element resulting from the connection of the used suspension elements is then used as a compensating element in an elevator system to compensate for the weight of the suspension element of this elevator system.

This elevator system does not have to be that elevator system in which the suspension elements, which are now used as compensation elements, were also used as suspension elements.

The method can be developed with the features or corresponding method features specified in the dependent device claims referring back to the independent device claims.

In particular, the used suspension elements that are connected to one another to form the compensation element can be sorted out belts that were previously used as suspension elements in an elevator system.

Further features and advantages of the invention emerge from the following description, which explains the invention in more detail in connection with the accompanying figures.

Fig. 1

eine schematische, perspektivische Darstellung einer Aufzugsanlage;

Fig. 2

eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausgleichselementes der Aufzugsanlage nach Fig. 1 gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform;

Fig. 3

eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausgleichselementes der Aufzugsanlage nach Fig. 1 gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform; und

Fig. 4

eine schematische Darstellung eines Ausgleichselementes der Aufzugsanlage nach Fig. 1 gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform.

Show it:

Fig. 1

a schematic, perspective illustration of an elevator system;

Fig. 2

a schematic representation of a compensation element of the elevator system according to Fig. 1 according to a first embodiment;

Fig. 3

a schematic representation of a compensation element of the elevator system according to Fig. 1 according to a second embodiment; and

Fig. 4

a schematic representation of a compensation element of the elevator system according to Fig. 1 according to a third embodiment.

In Fig. 1 a schematic representation of an elevator installation 10 is shown. The elevator installation 10 comprises a car 12 and a counterweight 14, which are connected to one another via a suspension element 16. The suspension element 16 comprises in particular one rope or several ropes, in particular ropes made of steel and / or synthetic fibers. As an alternative or in addition, the suspension element 16 can also have one or more belts, each belt in particular having a multiplicity of ropes which are embedded in a common sheath made of a plastic.

The support means 16 is in the in Fig. 1 The embodiment shown is guided over two disks 18, 20, at least one of which can be driven with the aid of a motor, not shown, so that the car 12 and, accordingly, the counterweight 14 can be moved in opposite directions within the elevator shaft of the elevator system 10. In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the suspension element 16 can also be guided over more or less than two disks 18, 20. In addition, at an alternative Embodiment of the invention, other than in Fig. 1 shown, not a single, but a double suspension of the car 12 and the counterweight 14 on the support means 16 can be provided. In particular, the support means 16 can be passed under the floor of the cabin 12.

Depending on the position of the car 12 and corresponding to the counterweight 14 within the elevator shaft, a portion of the suspension element 16 of different lengths relative to the two panes 18 and 20 is either on the side of the car 12 or the side of the counterweight 14, so that due to the dead weight of the suspension element 16, the balancing is not guaranteed without further auxiliary measures. To compensate for the dead weight of the suspension element 16, a compensation element 22 is therefore provided, which is attached to the car 12 and the counterweight 14. This compensating element 22, together with the support means 16, forms a closed circle, so that the total weight resulting from the support means 16 and the compensation element 22 is always approximately the same on both the side of the car 12 and the side of the counterweight 14 and thus the balancing of the elevator installation 10 is independent of the position of the car 12 and the counterweight 14.

In Fig. 2 a schematic sectional illustration of such a compensating element 22 according to a first embodiment of the invention is shown. In this first embodiment of the invention, the compensating element 22 comprises two belts 24, 26 which run parallel to one another, rest on one another and are connected to one another. In particular, the straps 24, 26 can be fused to one another, laminated to one another, glued to one another and / or riveted together, so that their relative position to one another is fixed and they form a uniform compensating element 22. The belts 24, 26 are, in particular, old, used, discarded belts which were previously used as support means for carrying an elevator car and / or a counterweight within an elevator system and which were removed from this elevator system. Such used, discarded belts are understood to mean in particular those belts 24, 26 which, due to reaching a maximum number of bending cycles and / or a maximum age, may no longer be used as suspension means and thus one of the elevator systems has been removed. In addition or as an alternative, belts can also be recycled as compensating element 22 that have not yet reached their maximum number of bending cycles and / or their maximum age, but were removed from elevator systems due to other circumstances, for example when modernizing elevator systems.

This achieves recycling of the belts 24, 26, so that the compensating element 22 does not have to be made from new belts or other components, but only those elements are used that have otherwise been sorted out and thrown away.

This reduces the use of new material and minimizes costs. In addition, the environment is protected.

Each of the belts 24, 26 has a multiplicity of ropes, in particular steel ropes, one of which is designated by the reference numeral 30 by way of example. These ropes are completely enclosed and embedded in a sheath 32, this sheath 32 consisting in particular of a plastic, preferably polyamide.

The in Fig. 2 Shown embodiment, the two belts 24, 26 are connected to each other in such a way that they with their flat sides, that is, those sides that do not have profile grooves over which the belts 24, 26, if they are used as support means, otherwise in correspondingly complementary belts from the Disks 18, 20 run, have, are connected to one another.

In Fig. 3 a compensation element 122 according to a second embodiment is shown, in which not only two belts, but a total of four belts 124 to 130 lie on top of one another and are connected to one another.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, more or less than four belts, for example three or five belts, can be connected to one another to form a compensating element 22, 122. In particular, the number of belts 124 to 130 that are connected to one another to form the compensation element 122 is selected such that the resulting weight per meter corresponds to that weight per meter of the suspension element 16 of the elevator system 10 in which the compensation element 22, 122 are used for compensation should, corresponds.

If the suspension element 16 of the elevator installation 10 has a multiplicity of belts, the compensating element 22, 122 in particular comprises the same number of belts.

With an alternative, in Figure 4 The third embodiment of a compensating element 222 shown, the two belts 224, 226 can also rest on one another with their profiled sides. Alternatively, it is also possible that the flat side of one belt is in contact with the profiled side of the other belt.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, the compensating element 22, 122, 222 can also comprise one or more rejected cables that are connected to one another. In this way, in particular, sorted out ropes, which were previously used as suspension elements, are recycled as compensation elements 22, 122, 222, so that the ropes do not have to be thrown away unnecessarily, but also after their maximum service life and / or service life have been reached. or when the maximum number of bending cycles permitted for use as a suspension element can still be used.

In a further alternative embodiment of the invention, the compensating element 22, 122, 222 can also comprise both at least one belt and at least one rope, in particular a rejected belt and a rejected rope.

List of reference symbols

10

Elevator system

12

cabin

14th

Counterweight

16

Suspension means

18, 20

Discs

22, 122, 222

Compensation element

24, 26, 124 to 130, 224, 226

belt

30th

rope

32

coat

Claims (13)

1. Elevator system
   comprising a car (12),
   a counterweight (14),
   at least one support means (16) which at least partly supports the car (12) and the counterweight (14) and by means of which the car (12) and the counterweight (14) are interconnected, and
   comprising a compensating element (22, 122, 222) for compensating for the weight of the support means (16),
   the compensating element (22, 122, 222) comprising at least one belt (24, 26, 124 to 130, 224, 226),
   characterized in that the belt (24, 26, 124 to 130, 224, 226) is a discarded belt (24, 26, 124 to 130, 224, 226) that was previously used as a support means for a car of an elevator system, or the belts (24, 26, 124 to 130, 224, 226) are discarded belts (24, 26, 124 to 130, 224, 226) that were previously used as support means for cars of elevator systems.
2. Elevator system (10) according to claim 1, characterized in that the compensating element (22, 122, 222) has at least two belts (24, 26, 124 to 130, 224, 226) which extend in parallel with one another and lie on top of one another.
3. Elevator system (10) according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterized in that the compensating element (22, 122, 222) has a predetermined number of belts (24, 26, 124 that 130, 224, 226) which extend in parallel with one another and lie on top of one another, and in that the number is predetermined such that the weight of the compensating element (22, 122, 222) per unit of length is equal to the weight of the support means (16) per the same unit of length.
4. Elevator system (10) according to either claim 2 or claim 3, characterized in that the belts (24, 26, 124 to 130, 224, 226) of the compensating element (22) are interconnected.
5. Elevator system (10) according to claim 4, characterized in that the belts (24, 26, 124 to 130, 224, 226) are laminated onto one another, fused together, bonded together and/or riveted.
6. Elevator system (10) according to any of the preceding claims, characterized in that the compensating element (22, 122, 222) is fastened to the car (12) and to the counterweight (14).
7. Compensating element (22, 122, 222) for compensating for the weight of a support means (16) of an elevator system (10), characterized in that the compensating element (22, 122, 222) comprises at least one discarded support means (24, 26, 124 to 130, 224, 226) that was previously used as a support means for a car of an elevator system.
8. Compensating element (22, 122, 222) according claim 7, characterized in that the discarded support means of the compensating element (22, 122, 222) is a discarded belt (24, 26, 124 to 130, 224, 226) that was previously used as a support means for a car of an elevator system.
9. Compensating element (22, 122, 222) according claim 8, characterized in that the discarded support means of the compensating element (22, 122, 222) is a discarded cable that was previously used as a support means for a car of an elevator system.
10. Compensating element (22, 122, 222) according to claim 9, characterized in that the compensating element (22, 122, 222) comprises a plurality of discarded, interconnected cables that were previously used as support means for cars of elevator systems.
11. Compensating element (22, 122, 222) according to claim 10, characterized in that the cables are interwoven.
12. Elevator system (10)
    comprising a car (12),
    a counterweight (14),
    at least one support means (16) which at least partly supports the car (12) and the counterweight (14) and by means of which the car (12) and the counterweight (14) are interconnected, and
    comprising a compensating element (22, 122, 222) according to any of claims 7 to 11.
13. Method for recycling support means of elevator systems
    in which used support means (24, 26, 124 to 130, 224, 226) which have at least partly supported a car and/or a counterweight of an elevator system are removed from the elevator system,
    in which the used support means (24, 26, 124 to 130, 224, 226) are interconnected in order to achieve a predetermined weight per unit of length, and
    in which the element resulting from connecting the support means (24, 26, 124 to 130, 224, 226) is used as a compensating element (22, 122, 222) in an elevator system (10) for compensating for the weight of the support means (16) of said elevator system (10).

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