EP3532245B1 - Dispositif de coupe par jet de fluide abrasif - Google Patents

Dispositif de coupe par jet de fluide abrasif Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3532245B1
EP3532245B1 EP17787120.9A EP17787120A EP3532245B1 EP 3532245 B1 EP3532245 B1 EP 3532245B1 EP 17787120 A EP17787120 A EP 17787120A EP 3532245 B1 EP3532245 B1 EP 3532245B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
control
nozzle
pressure fluid
fluid
pressure
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Active
Application number
EP17787120.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3532245A1 (fr
Inventor
Guenter Feucht
Felix Kulhavy
Uwe Iben
Nicolas Gooss
Peter Kroack
Florian Oberwein
Valentin Paal
Raymond Schuetzenberger
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Robert Bosch GmbH
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Robert Bosch GmbH
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Publication date
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Publication of EP3532245A1 publication Critical patent/EP3532245A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C5/00—Devices or accessories for generating abrasive blasts
    • B24C5/02—Blast guns, e.g. for generating high velocity abrasive fluid jets for cutting materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C1/00—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods
    • B24C1/04—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass
    • B24C1/045—Methods for use of abrasive blasting for producing particular effects; Use of auxiliary equipment in connection with such methods for treating only selected parts of a surface, e.g. for carving stone or glass for cutting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24C—ABRASIVE OR RELATED BLASTING WITH PARTICULATE MATERIAL
    • B24C7/00—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts
    • B24C7/0007—Equipment for feeding abrasive material; Controlling the flowability, constitution, or other physical characteristics of abrasive blasts the abrasive material being fed in a liquid carrier

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a device for abrasive fluid jet cutting as it is used, for example, to cut or decoat materials by means of a high pressure fluid jet to which abrasive particles are mixed.
  • a device according to the preamble of independent claim 1 in which a fluid, preferably water, is compressed by means of a high pressure pump and fed to a nozzle which can emit a high pressure fluid jet.
  • the nozzle is designed so that it can periodically interrupt the high-pressure fluid jet, so that a pulsating high-pressure fluid jet is created.
  • the actual interruption of the high-pressure fluid jet takes place by means of a movable control piston, which is operated servo-hydraulically, ie is controlled via a changing pressure in a control room.
  • the control piston has two end faces, one end face which delimits the control chamber being larger than the opposite end face of the control piston. If the pressure in the control chamber, which is limited by the larger face of the control piston, is lowered, the control piston moves into the same due to the hydraulic forces and thus releases the connection between a compressor unit and the nozzle, so that a high-pressure fluid jet is emitted the nozzle exits with which the workpiece can be cut or stripped. If the pressure in the control chamber is increased again, the control piston moves back into its closed position and interrupts the supply of compressed fluid to the nozzle, so the high-pressure fluid jet is also interrupted.
  • the inventive device for abrasive fluid jet cutting according to claim 1 has the advantage that the abrasive is supplied with little effort, so that the abrasive supply can be integrated into the known apparatus without great technical effort.
  • the device for abrasive fluid jet cutting has a compressor unit for compressing a fluid that can be fed to a nozzle in the form of a high pressure fluid stream, the nozzle being designed to deliver a high pressure fluid jet.
  • an interrupter unit is provided by which the fluid flow to the nozzle can be interrupted or at least greatly throttled, the interrupter unit comprising a control chamber that can be filled with high-pressure fluid and that can be connected to a drain chamber via a control valve.
  • the amount of control fluid discharged via the control valve flows via a supply line into a mixing chamber, an abrasive channel carrying abrasive particles opening into the supply line so that the amount of control fluid enriched with abrasive particles mixes with the high-pressure fluid jet.
  • the control of the interrupter unit by means of a changing pressure in a control room makes it necessary that part of the pressure in the control room High pressure fluid is diverted.
  • This amount of fluid is used in the present device according to the invention to introduce the desired abrasive particles into the high-pressure fluid jet by introducing this amount mixed with the particles into a mixing chamber.
  • the amount of control fluid can be used sensibly, so that a channel with which this control amount is conveyed back into the tank can be dispensed with, and on the other hand, the abrasive particles can be well dosed and mixed with the high-pressure fluid jet.
  • the feed line is designed such that it opens into the mixing chamber off-center to the high-pressure fluid jet. This results in a swirl flow in the mixing chamber, which leads to better mixing of the control fluid quantity, which contains the abrasive particles, with the high-pressure fluid jet.
  • the mixing chamber is preferably arranged downstream of the nozzle, so that the abrasive particles are only added to the high-pressure jet after the nozzle and the abrasive particles do not lead to excessive stress on the nozzle and thus to a shortened service life of the nozzle.
  • the abrasive particles are already mixed with the amount of control fluid in the area where the abrasive channel opens into the supply line, with only a low pressure prevailing in the supply line so that the abrasive particles hardly cause any mechanical impairment of the supply line.
  • the interrupter unit comprises a movable control piston which delimits the control chamber that can be filled with the high-pressure fluid, so that a closing force can be exerted on the control piston by the pressure in the control chamber.
  • the movable control piston thus releases or interrupts the connection between the compressor unit and the nozzle, the piston working according to the known servo-hydraulic principle, which ensures quick switchability and high reliability.
  • the interrupter unit comprises a nozzle needle which interacts with a nozzle seat to interrupt the high-pressure fluid flow to the nozzle.
  • the nozzle needle limits the control chamber with its end face facing away from the nozzle seat, so that the nozzle needle is located moved in the longitudinal direction by the changing pressure in the control chamber and thereby interrupts or releases the high-pressure fluid flow to the nozzle.
  • This hydraulic principle is very similar to that of the control piston and has proven itself, for example, in the control of fuel injection in fuel injection valves.
  • the control valve is preferably designed as a solenoid valve, which on the one hand ensures high reliability and quick switchability and on the other hand can be manufactured relatively inexpensively.
  • FIG. 1 an inventive device for abrasive fluid jet cutting is shown schematically.
  • the device comprises a compressor unit 1, which comprises a fluid tank 2 and a high pressure pump 3.
  • the fluid that is to be used for fluid jet cutting is compressed by the high pressure pump 3 and fed to an interrupter unit 6 via a high pressure line 4.
  • the interrupter unit 6 comprises a cavity 8 formed in a housing 5, which is formed as a stepped bore and in its Side wall an annular space 11 is formed.
  • a high-pressure channel 12 leads from the annular space 11 to a nozzle 25 through which the compressed fluid is expelled and reaches a mixing chamber 27 which is formed in a collimator 31.
  • the high pressure fluid jet 33 emerges from the collimator 31 and strikes a workpiece 35, which is cut or decoated by the high pressure fluid jet 33.
  • a longitudinally movable control piston 7 is arranged, which is designed stepped so that its two end faces have a different diameter and accordingly a different area.
  • the control piston 7 interacts with a sealing seat 9, so that when the control piston 7 rests on the sealing seat 9, a connection between the high-pressure line 4 and the annular space 11 is interrupted.
  • the control piston 7 delimits the control chamber 108, which forms part of the cavity 8.
  • the control chamber 108 is hydraulically connected to the high-pressure line 4 via a longitudinal bore 10 formed in the control piston 7, so that the control chamber 108 has a connection to the high-pressure channel 4.
  • control chamber 108 To change the pressure in the control chamber 108, the latter can be connected to an outlet chamber 19 in which there is a low fluid pressure.
  • an outlet throttle 21 is provided which connects the control chamber 108 with the outlet chamber 19, wherein the outlet throttle 21 can be closed or opened by means of a control valve 14.
  • the control valve 14 is designed as a solenoid valve and comprises a magnet armature 15 with a sealing ball 17 which closes the outlet throttle 21 when it rests on a sealing seat.
  • the armature 15 can be moved in the longitudinal direction away from the outlet throttle 21 by an electromagnet 16, this movement occurring against the force of an armature spring 18, which is arranged under pressure bias in the outlet chamber 19 and the armature 15 and thus also the sealing ball 17 in the direction of The outlet throttle 21 is acted upon by a force.
  • a supply line 20 leads from the drain space 19 to the mixing chamber 27, so that fluid diverted into the drain space 19 from the control space 108 into the mixing chamber 27 drains.
  • An abrasive channel 22 opens into the supply line 20, via which abrasive particles from an abrasive container 23 can be introduced into the supply line 20 so that they mix with the amount of control fluid and enter the mixing chamber 27 together with the amount of control fluid.
  • the high-pressure fluid jet 33 mixes with the control fluid quantity, so that the fluid jet 33 ultimately emerging from the device contains highly compressed fluid together with abrasive particles.
  • This high-pressure fluid jet 33 hits a workpiece 35, the angle of incidence and the pressure as to whether the high-pressure fluid jet 33 divides the workpiece 35 or whether the high-pressure fluid jet 33 is suitable for stripping the workpiece, for example to remove a layer of paint or other coating from the workpiece .
  • the operation of the device is as follows: Due to the compressor unit 1, high pressure fluid is available under high pressure in the high pressure channel 4.
  • the high pressure fluid is preferably purified water. If the control piston 7 is in its closed position in contact with the sealing seat 9, it closes the high pressure channel 4 with respect to the annular space 11, so that no high pressure fluid jet 33 emerges from the nozzle 25. Via the longitudinal bore 10, the same high pressure prevails in the control chamber 108 as in the high pressure channel 4, so that the control piston 7 is held in its contact with the sealing seat 9.
  • the intermediate space formed by the stepped control piston 7 is connected to the drain space 19 via a relief channel 13, so that a significant excess of force always remains on the control piston 7 due to the pressure in the control space 108.
  • control valve 14 If a high pressure fluid jet is to be generated, the control valve 14 is actuated and the sealing ball 17 releases the discharge throttle 21. As a result, high pressure fluid flows from the control chamber 108 into the drain chamber 19 and thus reduces the pressure in the control chamber 108 and thus also the hydraulic force on the control piston 7. This moves in the direction of the control chamber 108 and provides the connection between the high pressure channel 4 and the annular chamber 11 free. As a result, high-pressure fluid flows through the high-pressure channel 12 and emerges from the nozzle 25.
  • the high-pressure fluid which is diverted into the drain space 19 by the open control valve 14, runs via the supply channel 20 in the direction of the mixing chamber 27.
  • the control fluid mixes with the particles, so that the mixture of control fluid and abrasive particles get into the mixing chamber 27.
  • the fluid mixes with the abrasive particles and the high pressure fluid jet 33, so that the high pressure fluid jet 33 ultimately emerging from the device is mixed with abrasive particles, which significantly increases the cutting effect on the workpiece 35.
  • This makes it possible to cut the workpiece with a relatively low pressure of, for example, 2000 bar (200 MPa), with the pulsating high pressure fluid jet cutting generally requiring less high pressure fluid than with continuous water jet cutting.
  • control valve 14 By closing the control valve 14, the previous pressure conditions on the control piston 7 are restored, so that the latter is pressed back into its closed position in contact with the valve seat 9 and the connection between the high pressure channel 4 and the high pressure channel 12 is interrupted again. By opening and closing the control valve 14, a pulsating high-pressure fluid jet 33 can be generated.
  • control amount that is necessarily controlled during operation of the servo-hydraulic control valve 14 can be used by the device described above to introduce the abrasive particles into the high-pressure fluid jet in a simple and precisely metered manner. This also eliminates the need to convey the diverted amount of fluid back into the tank, for example via another line.
  • FIG 2 a second embodiment of the device according to the invention is shown schematically.
  • the interrupter unit 6 is implemented here in the form of a nozzle 25 with a nozzle needle 28 embedded therein.
  • the nozzle needle 28 is arranged in a pressure chamber 26 within the nozzle 25 so as to be longitudinally displaceable and here assumes the function of the interrupter unit 6, that is to say the function of the control piston 7 in the exemplary embodiment Figure 1 .
  • the nozzle needle 28 interacts with a nozzle seat 29, so that when it rests on the nozzle seat 29, the connection between the pressure chamber 26 and the nozzle opening 30 is interrupted.
  • the pressure chamber 26 is thereby connected to the high pressure fluid by the compressor unit 1 Filled via a high pressure line 4.
  • a control chamber 108 is also used here, via which a changing fluid pressure in the control chamber 108 can be set.
  • the control chamber 108 is filled with fluid here via a branch of the high-pressure line 4 and can be relieved of pressure via the outlet throttle 21, also controlled here via a control valve 14, which is only shown schematically it is previously mixed with the abrasive particles via an abrasive line 22 opening into the supply line 20, as in the exemplary embodiment according to FIG Figure 1 .
  • the mixing chamber 27 is formed in a collimator 31 which accommodates part of the nozzle 25. The amount of control fluid that reaches the mixing chamber 27 via the supply channel 20 mixes in the mixing chamber 27 with the high-pressure fluid jet 33, so that a high-pressure fluid jet 33 mixed with abrasive particles emerges here as well.
  • FIG 3 a section through an exemplary embodiment of the mixing chamber 27, which can be provided both in the first and in the second embodiment.
  • the mixing chamber 27 is designed in such a way that the high-pressure fluid jet 33 is perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
  • the feed channel 20 opens into the mixing chamber 27 eccentrically to the high pressure fluid jet 33, so that a slight swirl flow is generated within the mixing chamber 27.
  • the high pressure fluid jet 33 mixes effectively with the abrasive particles. These are sprayed out of the device together with the high pressure fluid jet 33.
  • Water is preferably used as the high-pressure fluid, but other liquids that can be correspondingly highly compressed are basically also suitable.
  • the added abrasive particles can be silicon carbide or silicon oxide, for example, the number and grain size of which can be used to adjust the effect.
  • the pressures with which the high-pressure fluid jet 33 leaves the device are typically 1500 to 2000 bar (150 to 200 MPa), but can also be lower, depending on the application. Basically, a lower pressure is sufficient for stripping a workpiece than for cutting a workpiece.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Perforating, Stamping-Out Or Severing By Means Other Than Cutting (AREA)
  • Nozzles (AREA)

Claims (8)

  1. Dispositif pour la coupe par jet de fluide abrasif, comprenant une unité de compactage (1) pour le compactage d'un fluide, qui peut être introduit sous forme d'un courant de fluide haute pression dans une buse (25), la buse (25) étant configurée pour l'émission d'un jet de fluide haute pression (33), et comprenant une unité d'interruption (6) par laquelle le courant de fluide vers la buse (25) peut être interrompu ou au moins fortement réduit, l'unité d'interruption (6) comprenant un compartiment de commande (8) pouvant être rempli avec un fluide haute pression, qui peut être raccordé avec un compartiment d'évacuation (19) par l'intermédiaire d'une soupape de commande (14),
    caractérisé en ce que
    la quantité de fluide de commande évacuée par l'intermédiaire de la soupape de commande (14) débouche dans une chambre de mélange (27) par l'intermédiaire d'une conduite d'alimentation (20), un canal d'abrasif (22) acheminant des particules abrasives débouchant dans la conduite d'alimentation (20) et la quantité de fluide de commande se mélangeant avec le jet de fluide haute pression (33).
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la conduite d'alimentation (20) débouche dans la chambre de mélange (27) de manière excentrée par rapport au jet de fluide haute pression (33).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la chambre de mélange (27) est agencée en aval de la buse (25).
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que le canal d'abrasif (22) débouche dans la conduite d'alimentation (20) de telle sorte que les particules abrasives soient mélangées dans le canal d'abrasif (22) avec la quantité de fluide de commande.
  5. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'interruption (6) comprend un piston de commande mobile (7), qui délimite le compartiment de commande (8) pouvant être rempli avec le fluide haute pression, de telle sorte qu'une force de fermeture puisse être exercée sur le piston de commande (7) par la pression dans le compartiment de commande (8).
  6. Dispositif selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que le piston de commande (7) coopère avec un siège d'étanchéité (9) pour l'ouverture et la fermeture d'un raccordement entre l'unité de compactage (1) et la buse (25).
  7. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que l'unité d'interruption (6) comprend une aiguille de buse (28), qui coopère avec un siège de buse (29) pour l'interruption du courant de fluide haute pression vers la buse (25), l'aiguille de buse (28) délimitant le compartiment de commande (8) avec sa surface frontale détournée du siège de buse (29).
  8. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la soupape de commande (14) est conçue sous la forme d'une soupape magnétique.
EP17787120.9A 2016-10-25 2017-10-04 Dispositif de coupe par jet de fluide abrasif Active EP3532245B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016220926.4A DE102016220926A1 (de) 2016-10-25 2016-10-25 Vorrichtung zum abrasiven Fluidstrahlschneiden
PCT/EP2017/075117 WO2018077576A1 (fr) 2016-10-25 2017-10-04 Dispositif de coupe par jet de fluide abrasif

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3532245A1 EP3532245A1 (fr) 2019-09-04
EP3532245B1 true EP3532245B1 (fr) 2020-08-12

Family

ID=60143676

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17787120.9A Active EP3532245B1 (fr) 2016-10-25 2017-10-04 Dispositif de coupe par jet de fluide abrasif

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EP (1) EP3532245B1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016220926A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018077576A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017205682A1 (de) 2017-04-04 2018-10-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum Hochdruck-Fluidstrahlschneiden
DE102019004685A1 (de) * 2019-06-28 2020-12-31 Technische Universität Chemnitz Verfahren zum Materialabtrag an einer Halbzeugoberfläche
DE102019004686A1 (de) * 2019-06-28 2020-12-31 Technische Universität Chemnitz Verfahren zur Bearbeitung einer Schneidkante eines Zerspanungs- oder Schneidwerkzeuges und Vorichtung zur Durchführung des Verfahrens
CN110948396B (zh) * 2019-12-06 2020-12-22 扬州瑞顺投资咨询有限公司 一种大学实验室高效率等距离微粒切割装置

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0445104A3 (en) * 1990-02-27 1992-08-05 Boehler Gesellschaft M.B.H. Method and device for entraining solid particles in a fluidic cutting stream
GB9719550D0 (en) * 1997-09-16 1997-11-19 Miller Donald S Fluid abrasive jets for machining
DE102008008701A1 (de) * 2008-02-11 2009-09-10 Hammelmann Maschinenfabrik Gmbh Verfahren und Vorrichtung zur Erzeugung eines Wasser-Abrasivstrahls
DE102014100839B4 (de) * 2014-01-24 2015-10-15 Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Universität Hannover Wasserabrasiv-Suspensionsschneideeinrichtung, Verfahren zu dessen Steuerung und Computerprogramm
DE102014222299A1 (de) 2014-10-31 2016-05-04 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung zur erosiven Bearbeitung und/oder zur Reinigung eines Werkstoffs oder einer Werkstückoberfläche mittels mindestens eines Hochdruck-Fluidstrahls sowie Verfahren zum Betreiben einer solchen Vorrichtung

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
None *

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Publication number Publication date
WO2018077576A1 (fr) 2018-05-03
EP3532245A1 (fr) 2019-09-04
DE102016220926A1 (de) 2018-04-26

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