EP3530445A1 - Presse à poudre à entraînement à levier à genouillère - Google Patents

Presse à poudre à entraînement à levier à genouillère Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3530445A1
EP3530445A1 EP18158663.7A EP18158663A EP3530445A1 EP 3530445 A1 EP3530445 A1 EP 3530445A1 EP 18158663 A EP18158663 A EP 18158663A EP 3530445 A1 EP3530445 A1 EP 3530445A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
press
drive
punch
powder press
powder
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP18158663.7A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Alex Wehrli
Michael Sollberger
Curdin Maissen
Roland Hänni
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
OSTERWALDER AG
Original Assignee
OSTERWALDER AG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by OSTERWALDER AG filed Critical OSTERWALDER AG
Priority to EP18158663.7A priority Critical patent/EP3530445A1/fr
Publication of EP3530445A1 publication Critical patent/EP3530445A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B1/00—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen
    • B30B1/10—Presses, using a press ram, characterised by the features of the drive therefor, pressure being transmitted directly, or through simple thrust or tension members only, to the press ram or platen by toggle mechanism
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B11/00—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses
    • B30B11/02—Presses specially adapted for forming shaped articles from material in particulate or plastic state, e.g. briquetting presses, tabletting presses using a ram exerting pressure on the material in a moulding space
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B15/00—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing
    • B30B15/0029—Details of, or accessories for, presses; Auxiliary measures in connection with pressing means for adjusting the space between the press slide and the press table, i.e. the shut height

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a powder press with toggle drive for the production of dimensionally compact compacts of a compressible material, in particular a powdery or granular metal or ceramic material.
  • presses in particular powder presses, have a press frame, upper and lower punch assemblies, and a die assembly between the two punch assemblies.
  • the die assembly defines a mold cavity into which the powdered material to be compressed is introduced.
  • a stamp assembly in the simplest case comprises a stamp, but generally has a plurality of punches. Accordingly, arrangements with a plurality of punches are also known in order to press several height steps in the pressing direction, wherein the individual punches are moved relative to one another at different speeds and / or stroke distances.
  • the punch arrangements can be supported via fixed stops, so that a defined pressing position is assumed. The very high required pressing forces and energy are generated in such powder presses by hydraulic or mechanical drive systems.
  • hydraulic presses In known hydraulic presses, regulated hydraulic drive systems are used for moving the punch arrangements, which, however, in order to achieve high precision and dynamics in the case of large moving masses, have a high energy requirement and long cycle times.
  • This stamp carrier are moved with the stamps arranged directly on piston / cylinder assemblies and supported in the pressing position of hard stops.
  • hydraulic presses include a plurality of hydraulic cylinders which require a complex system.
  • powder presses with electromechanical drive system wherein a passive drive element such as spindles, belts, gear, eccentric and / or toggle between an electric motor and a punch assembly, in particular the upper punch assembly is connected to transmit a force generated for example by an electric drive as the main press force.
  • presses with an electromechanical drive system have a lower energy requirement than hydraulic presses, the passive drive elements can only achieve lower dynamics.
  • a transmission of a rotary movement into a translational movement depends on various physical variables, so that a reliable and defined pressing process is possible only with great control effort.
  • Non-linear drive systems in particular a toggle drive, are generally considered unsuitable for use in powder presses, among other things because they produce a maximum pressing force only in a very limited range.
  • Object of the present invention is therefore to provide a powder press for producing a compact of a compressible material, which allows an ideal pressure curve according to an optimal compression curve of the compressible material and in which high pressure forces can be transmitted.
  • a powder press for producing a compact of a compressible material with a press frame, an upper and / or lower punch assembly and arranged between the upper and / or lower punch assembly die assembly which define a mold cavity into which powdered material is fillable.
  • a plurality of punches are introduced from above and / or below in a die opening of the die assembly, each punch is arranged on a punch carrier which is movable in each case relative to a base support or base plate.
  • it is a multi-plate press in which individual additional axes are moved into an individual pressing position during a pressing process.
  • axle or additional axis is understood an arrangement comprising a press ram and this supporting, moving and adjusting tool components, ie those elements which lie between power press and punch on power flow lines and in particular plate, cylinder, support means and guides include.
  • the powder press for producing a compact of a compressible material comprises at least one drive unit for generating a main pressing force, the drive unit is in operative connection with the punch assemblies and / or the die assembly, wherein for forming the compact, the punch assemblies and the die assembly along a pressing axis relative to each other movable and are pressed against each other.
  • the operative connection between the drive unit and one of the punch arrangements, in particular the upper punch arrangement comprises a toggle drive which moves the punch arrangement along the press axis into a final press position which can be adjusted by means of mechanical fixed stops.
  • a matching geometric design of coupling members of the inventive toggle lever drive is provided.
  • individual phases of a product specific pressing cycle e.g. Compressing, holding pressure and pressure relief coordinated, can be achieved by a targeted dimensioning of geometric parameters.
  • Kinematics and gear ratio can be approximated to the ideal course of a pressing process with high reproducibility and high speeds.
  • the integrated in the powder press toggle drive which preferably connects the drive unit for generating a main pressing force with an upper piston or upper punch assembly is constructed symmetrically.
  • a first and a second lever are pivotally connected to a respective first end of the lever.
  • a first arm is pivotally connected for connection to the frame of the powder press and a second arm for connection to the upper punch assembly.
  • a toggle drive includes a toggle mechanism, which is characterized by a changing ratio between the force applied to resultant force.
  • a toggle mechanism which is characterized by a changing ratio between the force applied to resultant force.
  • a first portion of a press cycle may be at medium speed with mean compressive forces acting.
  • a high gear ratio in the vicinity of the extended portion of the toggle mechanism allows precise control of the pressing position.
  • a kinematics of the toggle drive can be determined such that the course of the transmission ratio corresponds to the course of the powder compaction, wherein the pressing force is expressed as a function of a pressing movement, and in particular increases with this at the end of the powder compaction.
  • Toggle drives in conjunction with powder presses must also be designed and designed so that in a pressing process, an adjustment of the stamp along the pressing direction in a defined end position, i. in the final press position, is reproducible.
  • a low-maintenance and durable toggle mechanism should be provided, which preferably comprises only rotary bearings and no linear guides or combined movements.
  • stamps or tools are designed differently long in powder presses and exposed to different loads, so that tools must be reground over their lifetime.
  • this height adjustment is costly and adds the machine geometry more sources of error.
  • fixed stop devices are provided in combination with a toggle lever drive in a powder press, which allow both a height adjustment of the respective press end position of the embracing stamp devices and thus the height of the compact, as well as a height adjustment to compensate for wear or compression of the punch used.
  • the adjustable fixed stop devices provided according to the invention reduce the complexity of such powder presses and expand the field of application of toggle lever drives in relation to powder presses.
  • the adjustable fixed stop devices are designed as pots, wherein a plurality of concentric pots can be included, which are movable relative to each other. With this construction, a larger stroke can be realized in a limited space than would be possible with elongated elements.
  • By means of an individual movement of individual pots relative to one another the height levels of the compact to be produced can be set and defined.
  • the Pressing space changed, so that a Pressteil Ecknverwolf takes place. This is to compensate for shorter or longer punches, for example, caused by wear or compression.
  • an electric motor is provided as an adjusting drive, so that the individual fixed stop devices can be moved individually and / or synchronized.
  • the adjustment drives which are generally difficult to access, can be operated in a user-friendly manner by means of a control unit. This is particularly advantageous for an adjustment during an automatic operation of the powder press, in which a protective door is closed, since an operator can activate the adjusting drives, for example by a control unit.
  • a height adjustment of a fixed stop means takes place by means of a comprehensive adjusting ring, which is directly or indirectly in operative connection with the adjusting drive.
  • the adjusting ring may be provided with an external toothing, which is in engagement with corresponding drive wheels of the adjusting drive.
  • Belt drives, rotor / stator drives, spindle drives or piston-cylinder units are also conceivable for activating the rotary movement of the adjusting ring.
  • the dimensional accuracy in the production of compacts in a powder press with a toggle lever drive can be improved by the fact that the bearing of the coupling members of the toggle mechanism has as possible a minimal or eliminated bearing clearance.
  • the bearing clearance which can occur in the encompassed camps of the toggle mechanism, preferably rolling bearings, to varying degrees, favors uneven operation and thus causes a malposition and malfunction of the press.
  • the coupling members, or the encompassed levers and arms, of the covered toggle mechanism are connected to one another in an articulated manner by means of solid-body joints.
  • a solid-state joint is a cohesive joint with which a certain movement of the coupling members during recording and transmission of forces and moments by a defined deformation of a correspondingly shaped solid is possible.
  • an elastic region is provided between the bearing receptacles of the solid-state joints, which increases the distance between the bearing receptacles when force is applied perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the solid-body joint.
  • the elastic region can be formed by a plurality of struts which connect the bearing receptacles in the form of a rhombus.
  • a central web can be provided in a central area between the bearing receptacles, which is preferably designed slotted.
  • FIG. 1 shows a plan view of an upper part of a powder press 1.
  • a press frame is designated 10 and thereby also includes an upper press frame 10.
  • a drive unit 12 is arranged at the upper press frame 10.
  • the powder press 1 comprises between the upper press frame 10 and an upper punch assembly 14 a toggle drive 16, which is arranged such that it is operatively connected on the one hand to the drive unit 12 and on the other hand with the upper punch assembly 14 to move in the direction of a press axis 18 ,
  • a drive train 20 extending from the drive unit 12 in the direction of the upper punch arrangement 14 is coupled to a toggle lever drive 16.
  • a knee lever is understood to mean a device or an element for force transmission and / or force transmission, which comprises at least two one-armed levers with a common end point (usually designed as a movable pivot point), wherein the free ends of the one-armed Levers, which are supported against one or more bodies, can be moved under the influence of a force acting on the common end.
  • the toggle drive 16 comprises symmetrically to the press axis 18 at least a respective first lever 22 and a second lever 24, which are each pivotally connected to the drive train 20 at a first end of the lever 26. At a second end 28 of each lever are respectively pivotally coupled to a first arm 30 for connection to the upper press frame 10 of the powder press 1 and a second arm 32 for connection to the upper punch assembly 14. Accordingly, a four-joint system is formed, which transmits the outgoing from the drive unit 12 movement to the upper punch assembly 14 so that it is moved along the press axis 18.
  • the encompassed joints are generally designated 34 and are arranged between the arms 30, 32 and levers 22, 24 and the drive train 20, as well as the articulation points to the upper press frame 10 and the upper punch assembly 14.
  • the joints 34 are preferably rolling bearings.
  • Solid state joints 36 provide a flexible connection between first and second components.
  • FIG. 2 the upper part of a powder press 1 is shown, from which the arrangement of solid joints 36 in the toggle drive 16 is visible.
  • solid state joints 36 shown in detail schematically.
  • solid-state joints 36 are known in the context of solid-body joint assemblies.
  • a solid-body joint 36 is generally understood to mean a body which comprises a region with reduced rigidity. The reduced stiffness is usually realized by a local reduction in cross section or by a suitable shaping.
  • a solid-state joint 36 is an elongated element which is mirror-symmetrical to a longitudinal axis 38.
  • bearing receptacles 40 are formed, in which shafts or axles can be accommodated in bearings.
  • struts 42 are provided between the bearing receptacles, which span between them, for example, an elliptical shape or a diamond shape.
  • Other shapes are conceivable, on the one hand, a certain flexibility in one area and, on the other hand, a rigidity overall, so that a plurality of struts with a possibly reinforced central area can be provided.
  • a fixed stopper 50 is shown to set a final press position.
  • a press position circumscribes a position of the components of the tool used in a press, with punches preferably dipping from both sides into a die opening and compressing a compressible material filled therein.
  • a Pressend ein is a position in which preferably the maximum pressing force acts on the stamp on the material located in the die opening.
  • punch carrier 52 are in particular fixed and force transmitting on fixed stops 50, which are also referred to as fixed stop means 50 and are advantageously adjustable in height.
  • a punch arrangement for example the upper punch arrangement 14 generally comprises punch carrier 52 and on each of which a punch (not shown) is placed.
  • the punch carrier 52 has a top surface, which is preferably annular, so that through a central through hole 56 further inside punch or stamps associated elements are passed.
  • the arrangement is preferably rotationally symmetrical about the press axis 18, along which the punches are movable.
  • an adjusting ring 58 is shown, which is designed to adjust the press end position. As a result, in particular a tool wear can be compensated, which otherwise leads to false pressures.
  • the punch carrier 52 rests with a lower axial end face 60 on an upper end face 62, ie a bearing surface, of the adjusting ring 58.
  • the upper end face 62 is for the associated punch carrier 52 formed as a screw-like ramp in the form of a catchy screw surface, and the gear ends 64 and 66 of the screw surface, comprising a passage, are connected by a vertical connecting surface 68.
  • the corresponding axial lower end face 60 of the punch carrier 52 is designed to be complementary.
  • the operative connection can be provided by means of corresponding toothing of adjusting ring 58 and drive wheel of the adjusting drive 70.
  • the adjusting drive 70 may be an electric actuator, which allows an individual definition of the press end position.
  • a plurality of adjusting drives 70 can also be coordinated with one another, so that a synchronous height adjustment of a plurality of punch carriers 52 is achieved.
  • FIG. 5 shows a force-displacement diagram 80 for illustrating a pressing process in the powder press 1.
  • the force-displacement diagram is denoted by 82, the y-axis, which is assigned to the applied force.
  • Denoted by 84 on the x-axis a Presshubweg is shown. Largely no pressing force is required in the initial phase of a pressing cycle until the upper punch arrangement or the tool encounters the compressible material filled in the die arrangement. This initial phase should take place as quickly as possible, because it can shorten the cycle time.
  • For the pressing process then increases the pressing force and shows a progressive pressing force curve, wherein in a Pressend ein the maximum pressing force is achieved. Accordingly, a large force is to be achieved with a minimum Presshubweg in the press end position.
  • This course is designated 88 in the illustration, with different courses depending on the pressable powder material and the filling level.
  • Fig. 5 shows the force-displacement curve 90 a corresponding course of a toggle drive with a gear ratio.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
EP18158663.7A 2018-02-26 2018-02-26 Presse à poudre à entraînement à levier à genouillère Withdrawn EP3530445A1 (fr)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18158663.7A EP3530445A1 (fr) 2018-02-26 2018-02-26 Presse à poudre à entraînement à levier à genouillère

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP18158663.7A EP3530445A1 (fr) 2018-02-26 2018-02-26 Presse à poudre à entraînement à levier à genouillère

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3530445A1 true EP3530445A1 (fr) 2019-08-28

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EP18158663.7A Withdrawn EP3530445A1 (fr) 2018-02-26 2018-02-26 Presse à poudre à entraînement à levier à genouillère

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Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR1353317A (fr) * 1962-04-12 1964-02-21 Rheinmetall Gmbh Presse à double genouillère
DE1459343A1 (de) * 1962-04-12 1968-11-28 Rheinmetall Gmbh Doppeldruck-Kniehebelpresse
DE1459240A1 (de) * 1961-10-21 1969-05-29 Dorst Keramikmaschb Inh Otto D Presse zur Herstellung von Formlingen aus pulverfoermigen oder gekoernten Werkstoffen
EP0436792A2 (fr) * 1990-01-09 1991-07-17 Dorst Maschinen und Anlagenbau Otto Dorst und Dipl.-Ing Walter Schlegel GmbH & Co. Presse pour fabriquer des articles pressés en matière pulvérulente à dimensions exactes
DE19846210A1 (de) * 1998-10-07 2000-04-13 Dorst Masch & Anlagen Presse zum Herstellen von Formkörpern
JP2001259896A (ja) 2000-03-13 2001-09-25 Kohtaki Seiki Kk 粉末成形プレス

Patent Citations (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE1459240A1 (de) * 1961-10-21 1969-05-29 Dorst Keramikmaschb Inh Otto D Presse zur Herstellung von Formlingen aus pulverfoermigen oder gekoernten Werkstoffen
FR1353317A (fr) * 1962-04-12 1964-02-21 Rheinmetall Gmbh Presse à double genouillère
DE1459343A1 (de) * 1962-04-12 1968-11-28 Rheinmetall Gmbh Doppeldruck-Kniehebelpresse
EP0436792A2 (fr) * 1990-01-09 1991-07-17 Dorst Maschinen und Anlagenbau Otto Dorst und Dipl.-Ing Walter Schlegel GmbH & Co. Presse pour fabriquer des articles pressés en matière pulvérulente à dimensions exactes
DE19846210A1 (de) * 1998-10-07 2000-04-13 Dorst Masch & Anlagen Presse zum Herstellen von Formkörpern
JP2001259896A (ja) 2000-03-13 2001-09-25 Kohtaki Seiki Kk 粉末成形プレス

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