EP3527360A1 - Presse pneumatique - Google Patents

Presse pneumatique Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3527360A1
EP3527360A1 EP19157339.3A EP19157339A EP3527360A1 EP 3527360 A1 EP3527360 A1 EP 3527360A1 EP 19157339 A EP19157339 A EP 19157339A EP 3527360 A1 EP3527360 A1 EP 3527360A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
drum
press
sub
membrane
volume
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP19157339.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Remo Crosato
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NoForm Srl
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NoForm Srl
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3527360A1 publication Critical patent/EP3527360A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/22—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using a flexible member, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B30—PRESSES
    • B30B—PRESSES IN GENERAL
    • B30B9/00—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes
    • B30B9/02—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material
    • B30B9/22—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using a flexible member, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure
    • B30B9/225—Presses specially adapted for particular purposes for squeezing-out liquid from liquid-containing material, e.g. juice from fruits, oil from oil-containing material using a flexible member, e.g. diaphragm, urged by fluid pressure the diaphragm being tubular

Definitions

  • the invention concerns a pneumatic press for pressing a vegetable product, the control method for the press and software implementing the control.
  • the following description will be referenced to winemaking, a sector in which the invention has proved itself particularly effective.
  • Pneumatic presses are known for pressing a vegetable product, e.g. as in EP2342071 .
  • Crushed material is loaded and then pressed in a horizontal-axis rotating drum with an inflatable membrane which carries out the separation of the liquid part from the peel through perforated collection channels placed on the inner surface of the drum.
  • a first type of press includes a single inflatable membrane to invade the entire cylindrical volume of the drum.
  • the disadvantages are several, including a limited draining area compared to the drum volume (since only half of the drum can act as a draining surface).
  • the press In case of rupture of the membrane, the press is out of order with enormous problems during the harvest, and the mass to be filtered translates into high pressures to be applied to obtain a good pressing speed.
  • a second type of press is equipped inside the drum with two inflatable membranes applied to the two internal half-walls of the same acting simultaneously, while pressing the mass, towards draining channels which diametrically cross (in cross-section) the drum.
  • the disadvantages of this solution are the design complexity, especially for large capacity presses; limited draining surface with respect to the volume of the press; the impossibility of applying cooling surfaces to the drum (since 'this is occupied entirely by the membranes); and high difficulty of automatically cleaning the internal channels; low mechanical resistance to impacts of the central drains which results in potential and dangerous breakages.
  • the press is completely out of order, and it is very difficult to empty the drum because the radial channels strongly interfere.
  • a third and last type of press (see e.g. EP0721836 ) is similar to the first, with the difference that the drainage channels are arranged on all or most of the inner surface of the drum and the tubular-type inflatable membrane presses radially from the drum axis towards the outside.
  • a major drawback of this configuration is the design complexity. To support the tubular membrane inside the drum a massive axial structure is needed, which creates big problems both during the emptying phase both in the rotation phase during the pressing cycles. And the structure creates remarkable organoleptic damage to the product being processed.
  • the central membrane must have a surface equal to the inner one of the drum, therefore it is double the size of the press of the first type, with creation of noticeable wrinkles by the membrane's sucking itself, which creates major problems also in the press washing phase.
  • the few manufacturers of this type of press also offer elastic membranes, which, unlike traditional polyurethane plastic membranes, are very fragile, and therefore subject easily to disastrous breaks during work. Not only is the cost higher, but the membrane involves enormous difficulty in assembly and disassembly in the event of maintenance or breakage. Consequently, in case of breakage of the membrane the press is out of order for a long time.
  • the present invention has as its main object to improve this state of the art, and as particular object the realization of a press that alleviates the aforementioned problems.
  • a first aspect of the invention is a vegetable product press, e.g. crushed grapes, comprising:
  • the invention includes the variant of a hollow rotating drum whose internal cavity is partitioned to obtain smaller isolated load volumes and isolated from each other.
  • the press then comprises:
  • the press comprises a single drum internally partitioned into sub-volumes.
  • the invention is applicable both when the draining sieve is a perforated drum wall (so that the vegetable product pressed by the membrane pushes the liquid part directly to the outside of the drum through the perforated wall), and when the draining sieve comprises or consists of one or more drainage channels (the drum is closed) from which the liquid part is conveyed towards the outside of the drum through one or more liquid collectors.
  • the invention also includes the variant of a revolving drum formed by smaller load sub-volumes (or shells), isolated from each other and connected integrally.
  • the smaller load sub-volumes are separated parts and separable from each other, but juxtaposed and fixed together to constitute a composite drum.
  • two load sub-volumes of the composite drum are separated from each other by at least two respective adjacent walls, i.e. the walls delimiting the volume of each sub-volume (i.e., between two sub-volumes there is not a single shared and dividing wall).
  • Said walls, in the compound drum may be in contact, partially in contact or kept separate from the means that hold the load sub-volumes rigidly together to form the drum. Note that the construction with sub-volumes formed by closed shells makes the drum overall.
  • the composite drum has a cross section (taken with respect to a plane orthogonal to the longitudinal rotation axis of the drum), given by the composition of the transversal cross-sections of the load sub-volumes, which is e.g. substantially inscribed or contained in one circumference or in one ellipse.
  • the load sub-volumes are arranged with polar symmetry about an axis, which will be the rotation axis of the overall drum.
  • the load sub-volumes may have or not walls in contact at the rotation axis of the overall drum.
  • the walls of the load sub-volumes, at the rotation axis of the overall drum may be spaced apart, e.g. to make room for mutual fixing means, or may touch at some points thanks to a curvature of theirs.
  • the wall of each sub-volume that is closest to the rotation axis of the overall drum may be, with respect to a radius starting from such axis towards the outside of the drum, concave or convex or flat.
  • said closest wall comprises a surface facing the rotation axis of the drum which has a concavity or a convexity. Since the inflatable membrane at rest is preferably extended over said closest wall and when inflated moves away from the rotation axis of the overall drum, the concavity or convexity is useful for distributing the reaction force discharged by the membrane onto said wall.
  • the symmetrical arrangement of the sub-volumes around the rotation axis of the overall drum also facilitates the cancellation of the thrusts (which are opposite) on the respective walls closest to said axis.
  • sub-volumes it is meant both load volumes derived from the partitioning of the inner volume of a single drum, and shells that form load volumes and, when assembled juxtaposed, make up the drum of the press.
  • the two or more sub-volumes that subdivide or constitute the inner volume of the drum are independent and isolated from each other, and preferably equal to each other.
  • Each sub-volume has its own pressing membrane that is inflatable to press the vegetable product against the draining sieve present in that sub-volume.
  • the pressing membrane is inflatable to press the vegetable product towards the outside of the drum, i.e. against the inner side surface of the drum.
  • Other positions for the draining sieve are also possible.
  • Each sub-volume is equipped with a draining sieve to separate the vegetable product into a solid part and a liquid part.
  • a or the draining sieve of a or each sub-volume is comprised in the inner side surface of the drum, but other positions are also possible, e.g. the or a draining sieve of a or each sub-volume is comprised in the inner side surface of the sub-volume itself.
  • each sub-volume is independent of the others, and is e.g. connected to a distinct duct adapted to drain the liquid collected from the respective sieve.
  • the inner volume of the drum is partitioned into two or more circular sectors.
  • the drum internally comprises at least one dividing partition, to partition its internal volume into two or more isolated load volumes.
  • the dividing partitions extend from separate and distinct points of the inner lateral surface of the drum, more particularly the dividing partitions extend from diametrically opposite points of the inner lateral surface of the drum.
  • the drum comprises one or more partition, e.g. diametral or radial, walls for partitioning its inner volume into N independent and separate sub-volumes.
  • N 2
  • the drum comprises a single diametral partition wall to subdivide into two independent and separate sub-volumes its inner volume.
  • the drum is composed of R independent and separate sub-volumes, preferably each in the form of a shell that defines a closed volume.
  • R 2
  • the drum is formed by the assembly of two independent and separated sub-volumes.
  • the partition walls extend from the axis of the drum towards its periphery, but also walls that do not intersect the rotation axis of the drum and/or even not flat walls may also be realized.
  • an inflatable membrane is mounted to push the vegetable product towards sieves or draining channels, which are preferably placed on the inner surface of the drum.
  • the membrane is inflatable so as to press the vegetable product towards the fraction of inner surface of the drum which belongs to that sub-volume.
  • the membrane is inflatable starting from the center of the drum towards the outside.
  • the membrane is inflatable starting from a position, in which the membrane is placed on or near the dividing wall of the sub-volume (e.g. the membrane is nearly spread), to a position wherein the membrane is spaced from the partition wall of the sub-volume and closer to the inner surface of the cylinder (e.g. the membrane takes the form of a cap).
  • the inflatable membrane is preferably mounted so that the edges of the membrane are on the inner surface of the drum.
  • the inflatable membrane is preferably mounted so that the edges of the membrane coincide with the connecting sections between the inner surface of the drum and a dividing wall.
  • N or R sub-volumes do not necessarily have to be equal or of the same capacity.
  • each N-th or R-th sub-volume comprises a loading/unloading port, to better evacuate the pressed solid part.
  • each N-th or R-th sub-volume comprises an independent inlet for the axial (or not axial) load of the vegetable product.
  • each N-th or R-th sub-volume comprises an independent inlet of fluid for inflation and deflation of the respective membrane.
  • each N-th or R-th sub-volume can be inflated and deflated, e.g. by compressors and aspirators, independently of the membranes of the other (N-1) or (R-1) sub-volumes.
  • the same compressor and aspirator can be used for all or many membranes, if the press comprises flow deflection valves to selectively divert fluid flow coming from a compressor or aspirator towards two or more membranes to inflate or deflate them.
  • a second aspect of the invention is a control method for a press as defined herein, in one or each of the described variants.
  • the method has these favorite steps:
  • a third aspect of the invention is another method of controlling a press as defined herein, in one or each of the described variants.
  • the method has the steps of:
  • the steps of the method are carried out through the instructions of a program loaded and executed in a microprocessor.
  • the operation of the press is preferably managed by an electronic programmable unit, such as a PLC.
  • the programmable electronic unit determines the pressing cycles and controls the various operating phases by controlling the components of the press, such as e.g. the motor that turns the drum, the axial or non-axial loading of one or more independent sub-volumes; a compressor and an aspirator to inflate or deflate independently the membranes of the press, flow deflection valves to divert fluid, put under pressure by the compressor and/or the aspirator, to and from one of the membranes of the press, drain valves to let juice out of every N-th sub-volume; one or more hatches for loading and unloading the product to/from each sub-volume.
  • the components of the press such as e.g. the motor that turns the drum, the axial or non-axial loading of one or more independent sub-volumes; a compressor and an aspirator to inflate or deflate independently the membranes of the press, flow deflection valves to divert fluid, put under pressure by the compressor and/or the aspirator, to and from one of the membranes of the
  • Another aspect of the invention relates to a method for building the drum of a press for a vegetable product, e.g. crushed grapes, wherein the drum is rotatable about a horizontal axis and equipped with a draining sieve to separate the vegetable product into solid and liquid part, wherein the volume of the drum is constituted of two or more insulated loading volumes, in each loading volume there being an inflatable membrane to press vegetable product against a respective draining sieve, with the step of building the drum as a composition of smaller load sub-volumes or shells, mutually isolated and connected together.
  • a vegetable product e.g. crushed grapes
  • a press MC comprises a closed hollow, e.g. cylindrical, drum 10 raised from the ground by a frame.
  • the drum 10 can rotate about a horizontal axis X in a known manner driven by a motor 20.
  • draining channels 12 which extend parallel to the axis X for most of the length of the drum 10.
  • the draining channels 12 communicate with the collecting ducts 18 which carry the juice extracted from the pressing out of the drum 10, e.g. towards a collection tank 16.
  • the drum 10 is internally divided into two equal semi-cylindrical sub-volumes 42a, 42b by a diametrical flat wall 40 ( fig. 2 ).
  • This flat wall may be e.g. also composed of a double reinforced wall, of a concave-convex wall, of a double concave-convex wall or of other concave or convex shape or of another form suitable to allow a correct subdivision of the inner volumes of the drum and their resistance to pressure.
  • the semi-cylindrical sub-volumes 42a, 42b can be loaded with product to be pressed through two independent ducts 14, and each contain a membrane 50a, 50b inflatable independently by means of a compressor 22 and deflatable independently by means of an aspirator 24.
  • the membranes 50a, 50b in the figures are drawn in dashed lines to better highlight them.
  • Each membrane 50a, 50b is mounted so that at rest (when deflated) it is nearly spread out against the respective face of the diametrical wall 40, while in action (when it is inflated) it expands from the diametrical wall 40 towards the portion of inner wall of the drum 10 opposite to the surface of the diametrical wall 40 from which it departed.
  • Fig. 3 shows the initial pressing phase, when each membrane 50a, 50b has moved away from the axis X and is moving towards the periphery of the drum 10 (see arrows F) pressing the vegetable product P against the channels 12.
  • the juice S thus generated is conveyed into the manifolds 18 and collected in the tank 16 under the press MC.
  • each membrane, the working times and the pressures in each sub-volumes can be the same or different.
  • the system works as a "push-pull", wherein the pressures balance each other without stressing the partition wall 40.
  • the partition wall is sized to withstand independent pressurization and depressurization of the sub-volumes.
  • the operations of the press MC are preferably managed by a programmable electronic unit or a PLC.
  • the programmable electronic unit or the PLC manages the motor 20, the compressor 22 and the aspirator 24, and all the valves of the press MC.
  • the longitudinal draining channels 12 may be of a shape different from the one illustrated.
  • the drum 10 may be any type of material.
  • the drum 10 may be any type of material.
  • the drum 10 may be any type of material.
  • Figs. 5-8 show a variant MC2 of the press which has a drum, rotatable about a horizontal axis X, consisting of two isolated loading volumes.
  • the press MC2 comprises a drum 100 that, like the drum 10, can rotate about a horizontal axis X in a known way driven by a motor.
  • drum 100 is formed by the mechanical union of two equal smaller cylinders or drums 110, insulated from each other and rigidly connected together by brackets 120.
  • each cylinder or drum 110 is constituted of a shell with rigid walls which enclose a closed volume, and these walls are rigidly fixed with respect to the walls of the adjacent cylinders or drums 110 to form the drum 100.
  • Each cylinder or drum 110 comprises on its inner surface longitudinal drainage channels, which extend parallel to the axis X for a good part of the length of the drum 110.
  • the drainage channels communicate with collecting ducts which carry the juice extracted from the pressing out of each drum 110.
  • each cylinder or drum 110 has the side surface perforated for draining the pressed juice.
  • the drums 110 each contain an independently inflatable membrane to press the product loaded into them. What has been said before for the management and operation of the sub-volumes 42a, 42b is applicable to the drums 110, and is not repeated.
  • press MC2 shares all the advantages of the press MC, since the separate and/or programmed use of the load volumes made with the drums 110 provides the same effects and results.
  • the press MC2 can be easier to build when in some cases the internal partition of the drum 10 is difficult, and can exploit the modularity of the drums 110 for a serial assembly.
  • the drum 100 may be formed by the mechanical union of any number of (preferably equal) smaller cylinders or drums rigidly connected together. It is sufficient that the assembly formed by the mechanical union of the smaller cylinders or drums forms a composite drum.
  • the cylinders or drums 110 contain an inflatable membrane which at rest is laid out on a wall 150, the wall closest to the axis X.
  • the connecting means are anchored to the walls 150. When the membrane gets inflated, it moves radially away from the axis X towards the opposite wall of the cylinders or drums 110.
  • the wall 150 is convex with respect to an imaginary radius which from the axis X propagates towards the outside of the drum 100.
  • the axis X extends in a space external to the cylinders or drums 110, because thanks to the convexities of each cylinder or drum 110 an empty space is created at the center of the drum 100, around the axis X (and e.g. the empty space is exploitable to install the connection means therein).
  • the convex walls 150 are useful to withstand the reaction thrust of the inflatable membrane.
  • Figures 8-10 show another variant MC3 of the press.
  • the press MC3 comprises a composite drum 200 similar to the drum 100.
  • the drum 200 is composed of smaller clinders or drums 210, each constituted by a shell with rigid walls enclosing a closed volume, and these walls are rigidly fixed with respect to the walls of the cylinders or adjacent drums 210 to form the drum 200.
  • the only difference between the presses MC2 and MC3 is the shape of the smaller cylinders or drums that make up the overall drum.
  • the walls 250 of the cylinders or drums 210 may be in contact or separated.
  • the axis X extends in a space external to the cylinders or drums 210, because between the concavities of each cylinder or drum 210 at the center of the drum 100, around the axis X, there is an empty space (and e.g. is usable to install the connection means).
  • the axis X extends by touching or remaining within the walls 250.
  • the concave walls 250 are useful to withstand the reaction thrust of the inflatable membrane, and are reasonably simpler to build.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Fluid Mechanics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Apparatuses For Bulk Treatment Of Fruits And Vegetables And Apparatuses For Preparing Feeds (AREA)
  • General Preparation And Processing Of Foods (AREA)
  • Press Drives And Press Lines (AREA)
EP19157339.3A 2018-02-20 2019-02-15 Presse pneumatique Withdrawn EP3527360A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
IT102018000002858A IT201800002858A1 (it) 2018-02-20 2018-02-20 Pressa pneumatica per pressare un prodotto vegetale

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3527360A1 true EP3527360A1 (fr) 2019-08-21

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Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19157339.3A Withdrawn EP3527360A1 (fr) 2018-02-20 2019-02-15 Presse pneumatique

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EP (1) EP3527360A1 (fr)
IT (1) IT201800002858A1 (fr)

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB907485A (en) * 1959-12-18 1962-10-03 Stamicarbon Apparatus for reducing the liquid content of liquid-containing fine-grained solid material, such as coal slurry
FR2289124A1 (fr) * 1974-10-31 1976-05-28 Willmes Josef Kg Recipient a decantation de liquide et pressurage
EP0029016A1 (fr) * 1979-11-13 1981-05-20 FIMA s.r.l. Presse à membrane pour raisins et peaux de raisins
EP0122115A2 (fr) * 1983-04-07 1984-10-17 Thrige Agro A/S Presse à commande pneumatique
IT1213538B (it) * 1986-11-24 1989-12-20 Bonazzoli Dario Pressa a serbatoio per la spremitura di uva, frutta o simili.
FR2656566A1 (fr) * 1990-01-04 1991-07-05 Binner Joseph Pressoir pneumatique horizontal a fruits.
EP2018955A1 (fr) * 2007-07-26 2009-01-28 Bucher Vaslin Cuve de pressoir

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB907485A (en) * 1959-12-18 1962-10-03 Stamicarbon Apparatus for reducing the liquid content of liquid-containing fine-grained solid material, such as coal slurry
FR2289124A1 (fr) * 1974-10-31 1976-05-28 Willmes Josef Kg Recipient a decantation de liquide et pressurage
EP0029016A1 (fr) * 1979-11-13 1981-05-20 FIMA s.r.l. Presse à membrane pour raisins et peaux de raisins
EP0122115A2 (fr) * 1983-04-07 1984-10-17 Thrige Agro A/S Presse à commande pneumatique
IT1213538B (it) * 1986-11-24 1989-12-20 Bonazzoli Dario Pressa a serbatoio per la spremitura di uva, frutta o simili.
FR2656566A1 (fr) * 1990-01-04 1991-07-05 Binner Joseph Pressoir pneumatique horizontal a fruits.
EP2018955A1 (fr) * 2007-07-26 2009-01-28 Bucher Vaslin Cuve de pressoir

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
IT201800002858A1 (it) 2019-08-20

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