EP3524743B1 - Prefabricated bathroom - Google Patents

Prefabricated bathroom Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3524743B1
EP3524743B1 EP19156402.0A EP19156402A EP3524743B1 EP 3524743 B1 EP3524743 B1 EP 3524743B1 EP 19156402 A EP19156402 A EP 19156402A EP 3524743 B1 EP3524743 B1 EP 3524743B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
bathroom
floor
bottom frame
walls
prefabricated
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP19156402.0A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3524743A1 (en
Inventor
Mogens JEPPESEN
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Green Box AS
Original Assignee
Green Box AS
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Green Box AS filed Critical Green Box AS
Priority to PL19156402T priority Critical patent/PL3524743T3/pl
Publication of EP3524743A1 publication Critical patent/EP3524743A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3524743B1 publication Critical patent/EP3524743B1/en
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form
    • E04B1/34869—Elements for special technical purposes, e.g. with a sanitary equipment
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
    • E04B1/00—Constructions in general; Structures which are not restricted either to walls, e.g. partitions, or floors or ceilings or roofs
    • E04B1/348—Structures composed of units comprising at least considerable parts of two sides of a room, e.g. box-like or cell-like units closed or in skeleton form

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a prefabricated bathroom which has been manufactured by means of box-shaped wall elements, and a method for the manufacture of such a bathroom.
  • US 2013/086849 A1 discloses a prefabricated bathroom according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • the prefabricated bathroom according to the invention is suitable for being manufactured at a production site, whereafter the bathroom in almost a completely assembled state can be transported to a building into which the bathroom easily can be arranged. Subsequently, at the site of the building, only sanitary installations and electricity need be coupled to the bathroom.
  • the present invention relates to a prefabricated bathroom wherein the walls and the ceiling has been manufactured by means of box-shaped elements, which are closed on the side facing the bathroom and which are open on the side facing away from the bathroom, wherein the elements on the side facing the bathroom are being covered with gypsum boards.
  • gypsum boards By applying gypsum boards to the inner surfaces of the bathroom is achieved that these surfaces may be applied with paint. Accordingly, expenses to mounting of tiles can be saved and the weight of the cabin may at the same time be reduced.
  • box-shaped elements ensures that all or at least a major part of the installations, inter alia in the form of wires and pipes, may be hidden in walls and ceiling.
  • the prefabricated bathroom is being provided with a floor, such as a concrete floor.
  • the floor of the prefabricated bathroom is being covered with a covering, such as tiles or clinker tiles or a covering in the form of a polymer or a composite material, such as vinyl.
  • the prefabricated bathroom comprises a primary bottom frame, wherein the primary bottom frame is configured for supporting the box-shaped elements and optionally also the floor.
  • the floor may suitable be manufactured by arranging, within the primary bottom frame, an armament, of e.g. steel, whereafter the inner of the primary bottom frame including this armament, is filled with concrete. After the curing of the concrete a sturdy floor is obtained.
  • an armament of e.g. steel
  • the prefabricated bathroom comprises one or more lifting brackets, such as 2 or more lifting brackets, for example 3 or more lifting brackets, for example 4 or more lifting brackets, such as 5 or more lifting brackets, such as 6 or more lifting brackets.
  • the prefabricated bathroom is provided with sanitary installations in the form of one or more of the following types: sink, shower, bathtub, toilet, drain.
  • the prefabricated bathroom further comprises, in respect of one or more specific types of sanitary installations, a water supply conduit and/or a water drain conduit to/from that specific type of sanitary installation, wherein that water supply conduit and/or water drain conduit extend(s) between that specific type of sanitary installation and that side of one of the box-shaped elements facing away from the interior of the bathroom.
  • the gypsum boards comprise fiber gypsum, such as fiber gypsum comprising a compressed composite of gypsum and paper fibers.
  • the gypsum boards of fiber gypsum comprises a compressed composite of gypsum and paper fibers, wherein the content of paper fibers is 0.5 - 50 % or more, such as 1 - 45 %, for example 2 - 40 %, such as 5 - 35 % for example 10 - 30 %, such as 12 - 25 % or 15 - 20 %.
  • the bathroom additionally comprises a secondary bottom frame, wherein said secondary bottom frame extends from one of the box-shaped elements, at a lower part thereof and from the side thereof facing away from the interior of the bathroom, said secondary bottom frame thereby defines a shaft area.
  • the secondary bottom frame extends from the primary bottom frame of the prefabricated bathroom at the level thereof.
  • the secondary bottom frame may comprise one or more lifting brackets.
  • primary bottom frame may be construed to mean a bottom frame which essentially is being arranged under the interior of the prefabricated bathroom.
  • secondary bottom frame may be construed to mean a bottom frame which in a horizontal plane is arranged in a displaced position in relation to the interior of the prefabricated bathroom.
  • the prefabricated bathroom solely comprises a bottom frame having an extension corresponding to the interior of the bathroom this bottom frame may merely be denoted "bottom frame” without the prefix "primary”.
  • the secondary bottom frame may have an essentially rectangular shape with an outer width and an outer length, wherein the outer width and the outer length, respectively, independently are having dimensions selected from the range of 40 - 400 cm, such as 50 - 375 cm, for example 75 - 350 cm, such as 100 - 325 cm, for example 125 - 300 cm, such as 150 - 275 cm, such as 175 - 250 cm or 200 - 225 cm.
  • a shaft area may serve the purpose of making room for the installations for water and sanitary installations which are necessary in order to couple the bathroom to water and sanitary facility installations of a building.
  • the secondary bottom frame of the prefabricated bathroom is being integrated with the primary bottom frame; or the secondary bottom frame is mounted on the primary bottom frame; or the primary bottom frame is mounted on the secondary bottom frame.
  • the secondary bottom frame of the prefabricated bathroom additionally comprises one or more walls, such as 1, 2 or 3 walls, wherein each of these one or more walls comprises a box-shaped element and wherein each wall is a wall, which is not adjoining the interior of the bathroom.
  • one or more of the walls of the secondary bottom frame, on the side facing away from the shaft area may be provided with gypsum boards.
  • the wall or the walls, which is/are being arranged on the secondary bottom frame may make up a wall or walls in the building into which the bathroom is to be installed, in such a way that this wall thereby adjoins another room in the relevant building.
  • the shaft area of the prefabricated bathroom is not being provided with floor or ceiling.
  • the shaft area of the bathroom is being provided with a floor and/or a ceiling, wherein the floor and/or the ceiling of the shaft area is covering the whole horizontal area corresponding to the shaft area.
  • the shaft area of the bathroom may also be provided with a floor and/or a ceiling, wherein the floor and/or the ceiling of the shaft area is covering only a part of the horizontal area corresponding to the shaft area.
  • one or more supply conduits and/or drain conduits for water to/from one or more types of sanitary installations is/are being terminated with a termination on that side of that wall of the bathroom facing the shaft area.
  • the elements are made up of steel cassettes.
  • the steel cassettes are being made from galvanized steel plates, preferably hot-dip galvanized steel plates.
  • the material thickness of the steel cassettes is between 0.6 mm and 3 mm, preferably between 1 mm and 2 mm.
  • Such steel cassettes are beneficial due to a very suitable combination of low weight and high strength, especially after mounting of the gypsum boards.
  • the height of the steel cassettes is between 1.8 m and 2.5 meter, preferably between 2.1 m and 2.3 m.
  • the width of the steel cassettes is between 0.1 m and 0.8 m, preferably between 0.16 m and 0.6 m.
  • the thickness of the steel cassettes is between 3 cm and 7 cm, preferably between 5.5 cm and 6 cm.
  • the steel cassettes may beneficially be assembled by the so-called clinching technique in which a point on the plates are squeezed out at a pressure of 30 kilonewton (kN) or more and thereby creates a permanent joint.
  • the gypsum boards are being fully glued to the elements.
  • fully gluing may be interpreted in the way where a gypsum board on the entirety of one of its surfaces is applied with glue, whereafter the elements via this applied glue are glued to the gypsum boards.
  • the thickness of the gypsum boards is between 10 mm and 20 mm.
  • the gypsum boards have been cut in such a way that a single gypsum board will cover the whole of an internal surface in the bathroom, such as a whole side wall or a ceiling.
  • the invention relates to a method for the manufacture of a bathroom as described above, wherein said method comprises the steps of:
  • the painting of the inner walls are performed without prior filling/fairing, however, optionally with prior mounting of felt cloth on the wall(s).
  • the manufactured bathroom comprises a secondary bottom frame
  • the method furthermore comprises, regarding this secondary bottom frame, the following steps:
  • the invention additionally relates to the use of a prefabricated bathroom according to the present invention as a construction element in the construction of a building.
  • Fig. 1 show a view into a prefabricated bathroom 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the bathroom 1 has been assembled by arranging the four walls 4,5 on the previously manufactured tile covered floor 2 having a floor drain 10, whereafter the ceiling 3 has been mounted.
  • the manufacture of the bathroom has been finished by painting and mounting of wall tiles 12 and sanitary installations in the form of for example toilet 7, sink 8 and shower 9. As seen, it is only the shower compartment which has tiles mounted on the wall 4. In the rest of the bathroom the walls 5 have been painted, which is considerably faster end less demanding in terms of material consumption, compared to mounting of tiles.
  • Fig. 2 shows the same bathroom 1 as viewed from the outside.
  • the box-shaped steel cassettes 6, from which the wall 4,5 of the bathroom 1 are made up are clearly seen.
  • the floor 2 is surrounded by a bottom frame in the form of a primary bottom frame 16 having a door opening 14 and lifting brackets 15, and that transportation legs 18, onto which the bottom frame 16 of the bathroom 1 is supported, have been arranged under each corner of the bathroom 1.
  • Fig. 3 is a schematic drawing of the bathroom 1 as view from above and without ceiling 3. Here, it is seen how the steel cassettes 6 on the inner side are covered with gypsum boards 11 on top of which, tiles 12 have been mounted at certain places.
  • Fig. 4a is a schematic drawing of a finished floor 2 to the bathroom 1 as viewed form above.
  • the floor 2 is covered with tiles 12 and the hatching of the floor 2 in the shower compartment denotes that the floor in this area may be sunk in relation to the remainder of the floor 2.
  • Fig. 4c illustrating a cross-section of the floor 2 and the underlying concrete support 19.
  • Fig. 4b and 4c illustrate the bottom frame 16 around the floor 2 as viewed from two different sides.
  • Fig. 5 and 6 show how installations such as for example a shower connection 17 and the flush tank of the toilet 7 and supply conduits and drain conduits can be fully or partly hidden to a user in the voids in the steel cassettes 6 of the bathroom 1.
  • the open side of the steel cassettes will be closed off, using gypsum boards 11 or otherwise, so that these installations will be fully hidden.
  • Fig. 7 which illustrates a joint between the floor 2 and a painted wall 5 in a bathroom 1 according to an embodiment of the invention, it is seen how the steel cassettes 6 with the glued-on gypsum board 11 is arranged on top of the bottom frame 16. Moreover, it is illustrated how the transition between the bottom frame 16 and the gypsum board 11 in areas of the bathroom 1, in respect of which the wall is not covered with tiles 4, but has been painted 5, may be covered with a low tile cover along the floor.
  • Fig. 8 illustrates a joint between two tile covered walls 4 in a bathroom 1 according to an embodiment of the invention.
  • the tile cover 12 has been mounted on top of the gypsum board 11, which in turn has been mounted on the steel cassettes 6.
  • Fig. 9 illustrates in a perspective view an embodiment of a prefabricated bathroom according to the invention comprising a primary bottom frame along with a secondary bottom frame which defines a shaft area, wherein the bathroom is viewed from the outside.
  • Fig. 9 It is seen in Fig. 9 that the inner of the bathroom 1 is surrounded by ceiling 3 and walls 5,6.
  • the walls 5,6 are supported by a primary bottom frame 16, which also supports a floor (not seen in Fig. 9 ).
  • a secondary bottom frame 19 extends from the primary bottom frame 16. This secondary bottom frame defines a shaft area 20.
  • FIG. 9 accordingly represents a bathroom which has been almost optimally prefabricated in the sense that this bathroom is ready for being transported to a construction site, where it by means of the lifting brackets 15 in the bottom frames 16 and 19 may be lifted into the interior of a building, into which the bathroom is to be functional.
  • the bathroom 1 can be easily connected to the supply pipes and drain pipes being present in the building
  • the shaft area 20 accordingly may function as an installation room for the bathroom. Moreover, it can be assured that the respective shaft areas 20 in respect of different bathrooms 1 being arranged on top of each other in different floors in a building will define a shaft in the building in such a way that even when the construction of the building has been finished, it is possible to access the water installations, that is the water supply conduits 22 and the water drain conduits 22 belonging to the bathroom of each floor.
  • the shaft area 20 of each bathroom may either be provided without floor and ceiling; or the shaft area 20 of each bathroom may be provided with a floor and/or a ceiling, wherein the floor and/or the ceiling of the shaft area is covering the whole horizontal area corresponding to the shaft area; or the shaft area 20 of each bathroom may be provided with a floor and/or a ceiling, wherein the floor and/or the ceiling of this shaft area is covering only a part of the horizontal area corresponding to the shaft area 20.
  • a wall 24 comprising a box-shaped element is arranged on the secondary bottom frame 19.
  • This wall 24 is, on that side facing away from the shaft area 20, covered with one or more gypsum boards 11 and hence may function as a wall in the finished building so that this wall will be facing another room in the building.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Electromagnetism (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Epidemiology (AREA)
  • Public Health (AREA)
  • Residential Or Office Buildings (AREA)
  • Bathtubs, Showers, And Their Attachments (AREA)
EP19156402.0A 2018-02-09 2019-02-11 Prefabricated bathroom Active EP3524743B1 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
PL19156402T PL3524743T3 (pl) 2018-02-09 2019-02-11 Prefabrykowana łazienka

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DKPA201800061A DK180030B1 (da) 2018-02-09 2018-02-09 Præfabrikeret badekabine og fremgangsmåde til fremstilling af en sådan badekabine

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3524743A1 EP3524743A1 (en) 2019-08-14
EP3524743B1 true EP3524743B1 (en) 2022-02-09

Family

ID=66529736

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP19156402.0A Active EP3524743B1 (en) 2018-02-09 2019-02-11 Prefabricated bathroom

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3524743B1 (pl)
DK (1) DK180030B1 (pl)
ES (1) ES2909098T3 (pl)
PL (1) PL3524743T3 (pl)
PT (1) PT3524743T (pl)

Family Cites Families (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US20050108957A1 (en) * 2003-11-25 2005-05-26 Quesada Jorge D. Pre-fabricated building modules and method of installation
US20130086849A1 (en) * 2011-05-16 2013-04-11 XSite Modular Bent Metal Panel Prefabricated Bathroom
JP6715480B2 (ja) * 2016-07-29 2020-07-01 パナソニックＩｐマネジメント株式会社 建物ユニット及び建物ユニットの製造方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
PT3524743T (pt) 2022-03-21
EP3524743A1 (en) 2019-08-14
DK180030B1 (da) 2020-01-28
DK201800061A1 (da) 2019-09-19
PL3524743T3 (pl) 2022-04-04
ES2909098T3 (es) 2022-05-05

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