EP3521727B1 - Heisswasserbereitstellungsvorrichtung vom speichertyp - Google Patents

Heisswasserbereitstellungsvorrichtung vom speichertyp Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3521727B1
EP3521727B1 EP16918237.5A EP16918237A EP3521727B1 EP 3521727 B1 EP3521727 B1 EP 3521727B1 EP 16918237 A EP16918237 A EP 16918237A EP 3521727 B1 EP3521727 B1 EP 3521727B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
water
hot
hot water
storage tank
temperature
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Application number
EP16918237.5A
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English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3521727A1 (de
EP3521727A4 (de
Inventor
Keisuke Takayama
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Publication of EP3521727A4 publication Critical patent/EP3521727A4/de
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    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D19/00—Details
    • F24D19/10—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices
    • F24D19/1006—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems
    • F24D19/1051—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water
    • F24D19/1054—Arrangement or mounting of control or safety devices for water heating systems for domestic hot water the system uses a heat pump
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/0026—Domestic hot-water supply systems with conventional heating means
    • F24D17/0031—Domestic hot-water supply systems with conventional heating means with accumulation of the heated water
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D17/00—Domestic hot-water supply systems
    • F24D17/02—Domestic hot-water supply systems using heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/04—Gas or oil fired boiler
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2200/00—Heat sources or energy sources
    • F24D2200/12—Heat pump
    • F24D2200/123—Compression type heat pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2220/00—Components of central heating installations excluding heat sources
    • F24D2220/08—Storage tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24D—DOMESTIC- OR SPACE-HEATING SYSTEMS, e.g. CENTRAL HEATING SYSTEMS; DOMESTIC HOT-WATER SUPPLY SYSTEMS; ELEMENTS OR COMPONENTS THEREFOR
    • F24D2240/00—Characterizing positions, e.g. of sensors, inlets, outlets
    • F24D2240/26—Vertically distributed at fixed positions, e.g. multiple sensors distributed over the height of a tank, or a vertical inlet distribution pipe having a plurality of orifices
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/10—Control of fluid heaters characterised by the purpose of the control
    • F24H15/196—Automatically filling bathtubs or pools; Reheating the water in bathtubs or pools
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/212—Temperature of the water
    • F24H15/219—Temperature of the water after heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/238—Flow rate
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/20—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control inputs
    • F24H15/246—Water level
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/305—Control of valves
    • F24H15/31—Control of valves of valves having only one inlet port and one outlet port, e.g. flow rate regulating valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/305—Control of valves
    • F24H15/325—Control of valves of by-pass valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/335—Control of pumps, e.g. on-off control
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/355—Control of heat-generating means in heaters
    • F24H15/36—Control of heat-generating means in heaters of burners
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24H—FLUID HEATERS, e.g. WATER OR AIR HEATERS, HAVING HEAT-GENERATING MEANS, e.g. HEAT PUMPS, IN GENERAL
    • F24H15/00—Control of fluid heaters
    • F24H15/30—Control of fluid heaters characterised by control outputs; characterised by the components to be controlled
    • F24H15/375—Control of heat pumps

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a storage-type water heater.
  • Storage-type water heaters each including a heat pump unit and a hot water storage unit have been introduced into homes and facilities. Recently, storage-type water heaters further including an auxiliary heat source unit have been developed.
  • Such storage-type water heaters further including an auxiliary heat source unit are disclosed in, for example, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2.
  • hot water is supplied by mixing water with the hot water coming from a hot water storage tank when run-out of hot water does not occur, while hot water is supplied by heating the water coming from an outgoing hot-water pipe with an auxiliary heat source when run-out of hot water occurs.
  • a water heater includes a first heat exchanger that exchanges heat of a heat medium with feedwater and a second heater exchanger that exchanges heat of an auxiliary heat source with feedwater.
  • Hot water is supplied solely through heat exchange by the first heat exchanger when the first heat exchanger can achieve a target hot-water supply temperature, while hot water is supplied through heat exchange by both the first and second heat exchangers or solely by the second heat exchanger when the first heat exchanger cannot achieve the target hot-water supply temperature.
  • the pressure reducing valve directed toward the hot water storage tank is connected in series via the water volume variable valve to the auxiliary heat source, which requires a higher pressure setting for the pressure reducing valve. Consequently, the hot water storage tank needs to be highly pressure-resistant, and thus to be thicker-walled, causing concerns about higher cost.
  • the water flow path divides into the hot water storage tank side and the hot-water supply side, and thus a higher water pressure is acceptable on the hot-water supply side without regard to pressure resistance of the hot water storage tank. Nevertheless, to use heat in the hot water storage tank for supplying hot water, heat exchange through the first heat exchanger is needed.
  • Patent litterature 3 discloses a storage-type water heater having the features of the preamble of claim 1.
  • an objective of the present disclosure is to provide a storage-type water heater achieving higher efficiency.
  • the storage-type water heater includes first heating means for heating water to generate first hot water, a hot water storage tank configured to store the first hot water generated by the first heating means, a heat exchanger configured to preheat municipal water through heat exchange between the first hot water taken from the hot water storage tank and the municipal water, second heating means for heating the municipal water preheated by the heat exchanger to generate second hot water; and control means for supplying the first hot water taken from the hot water storage tank or the second hot water generated by the second heating means.
  • the storage-type water heater according to the present invention can achieve higher efficiency.
  • FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram illustrating a configuration of a storage-type water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the storage-type water heater 1 includes, as major components, a heat pump unit 100, which is first heating means, a hot water storage unit 200 that stores and supplies hot water, and an auxiliary heat source unit 300, which is second heating means.
  • the storage-type water heater 1 further includes a bathtub 400, a heat pump controller 500 that controls the heat pump unit 100, a hot water storage unit controller 600 that controls the hot water storage unit 200, an auxiliary heat source controller 700 that controls the auxiliary heat source unit 300, and a remote controller 800 operated by a user.
  • the heat pump unit 100 includes a compressor 101, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger 102, an expansion valve 103, and an evaporator 104. These elements are circularly connected to form a refrigeration cycle circuit (refrigerant circuit) through which refrigerant is circulated.
  • the heat pump unit 100 and the hot water storage unit 200 are connected via a heat pump incoming water pipe 121 and a heat pump outgoing hot-water pipe 122.
  • the compressor 101 compresses the refrigerant to increase its temperature and pressure.
  • the refrigerant examples include, without limitation, CO2, HFC, HC, and HFO.
  • the compressor 101 includes an inverter circuit capable of changing the capacity (feed per unit) depending on the rotation frequency. Under control of the heat pump controller 500, the compressor 101 adjusts the rotation frequency so as to meet the target heating capacity.
  • the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 102 is a heating source used for heating the water (low-temperature water) fed through the heat pump incoming water pipe 121 to a target heating temperature.
  • the refrigerant-water heat exchange 102 which may be, for example, a plate heat exchanger or double-pipe heat exchanger, exchanges heat between the refrigerant and water. Through heat exchange in the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 102, the refrigerant dissipates heat to decrease its temperature, while water absorbs heat to increase its temperature.
  • the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 102 supplies heated water (first hot water) to the hot water storage unit 200 (specifically, a hot water storage tank 201 described below) through the heat pump outgoing hot-water pipe 122.
  • the expansion valve 103 expands the refrigerant to decrease its temperature and pressure. Under control of the heat pump controller 500, the expansion valve 103 adjusts a degree of opening of the valve. For example, the expansion valve 103 adjusts the degree of opening so that the compressor suction superheat degree of the refrigerant or the compressor discharge temperature reaches a target temperature.
  • the evaporator 104 exchanges heat between the refrigerant and outside air fed by a blower fan (not illustrated). Through heat exchange in the evaporator 104, the refrigerant absorbs heat while the outside air dissipates heat to decrease its temperature.
  • the hot water storage unit 200 includes, as major components, a hot water storage tank 201, a water-water heat exchanger 202, a circulation pump 203, a suction switching valve 204, a discharge switching valve 205, a tank pressure reducing valve 206, a tank mixing valve 207, a hot-water pressure reducing valve 208, and a hot-water supply switching valve 209.
  • the hot water storage unit 200 is connected to the auxiliary heat source unit 300 via an auxiliary heat source incoming water pipe 221 and an auxiliary heat source outgoing hot-water pipe 222.
  • the hot water storage tank 201 is made of, for example, metal (e.g., stainless steel) or resin, and accepts, from an upper portion of the hot water storage tank 201, hot water fed through the heat pump outgoing hot-water pipe 122. As a result, temperature stratification is formed in the hot water storage tank 201, composed of higher-temperature hot water and lower-temperature water from top to bottom.
  • a plurality of stored hot-water temperature sensors 211 is disposed along the height direction to detect temperatures of stored water.
  • the water-water heat exchanger 202 exchanges heat between hot water (high-temperature water) taken from an upper portion of the hot water storage tank 201 through a preheat intake path 223 and municipal water (low-temperature water).
  • the water-water heat exchanger 202 includes a primary side path for a flow of the hot water fed through the preheat intake path 223 and a secondary side path for a flow of the municipal water fed from a feedwater terminal 231.
  • the hot water flowing through the primary side path dissipates heat to decrease its temperature, while the municipal water flowing through the secondary side path absorbs heat to increase its temperature.
  • the preheated municipal water is fed to the auxiliary heat source unit 300 through the auxiliary heat source incoming water pipe 221.
  • a tank return temperature sensor 212 is disposed on the outlet side of the primary side path (suction switching valve 204 side) so as to detect the temperature of the low-temperature water (water with heat dissipated).
  • a preheat flow rate sensor 213 is disposed on the inlet side of the secondary side path so as to measure the flow rate of the municipal water.
  • a preheat temperature sensor 214 is disposed on the outlet side of the secondary side path so as to detect the temperature of the preheated municipal water.
  • the circulation pump 203 accepts the water fed through a pump suction pipe 224 and sends the water through a pump discharge pipe 225.
  • the circulation pump 203 supplies the low-temperature water taken from a lower portion (bottom) of the hot water storage tank 201 to the heat pump unit 100 through the heat pump incoming water pipe 121, and returns the hot water heated in the heat pump unit 100 to an upper portion (top) of the hot water storage tank 201 through the heat pump outgoing hot-water pipe 122.
  • the rotation frequency of the circulation pump 203 is adjusted so that the temperature of outgoing hot-water from the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 102 reaches a target stored hot-water temperature.
  • the circulation pump 203 causes the water with a temperature decreased through the water-water heat exchanger 202 (the aforementioned primary side path) to return to the lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201 through a preheat return path 226.
  • the suction switching valve 204 which may be a three-way valve, for example, includes water inlets a and b and a water outlet c.
  • the water inlet a is connected to the hot water storage tank 201 (lower portion) via a pipe.
  • the water inlet b is connected to the water-water heat exchanger 202 (outlet of the primary side path) via a pipe.
  • the water outlet c is connected to the circulation pump 203 via the pump suction pipe 224.
  • the suction switching valve 204 switches the inlet to the water inlet a (opens between the water inlet a and the water outlet c, and closes between the water inlet b and the water outlet c) so that the pump suction pipe 224 is connected to the lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201.
  • the suction switching valve 204 switches the inlet to the water inlet b (opens between the water inlet b and the water outlet c, and closes between the water inlet a and the water outlet c) so that the pump suction pipe 224 is connected to the outlet of the primary side path in the water-water heat exchanger 202.
  • the discharge switching valve 205 which may be a three-way valve, for example, includes a water inlet a and water outlets b and c.
  • the water inlet a is connected to the circulation pump 203 via the pump discharge pipe 225.
  • the water outlet b is connected to the hot water storage tank 201 (lower portion) via the preheat return path 226.
  • the water outlet c is connected to the heat pump unit 100 via the heat pump incoming water pipe 121.
  • the discharge switching valve 205 switches the outlet to the water outlet c (opens between the water inlet a and the water outlet c, and closes between the water inlet a and the water outlet b) so that the pump discharge pipe 225 is connected to the heat pump incoming water pipe 121.
  • the discharge switching valve 205 switches the outlet to the water outlet b (opens between the water inlet a and the water outlet b, and closes between the water inlet a and the water outlet c) so that the pump discharge pipe 225 is connected to the preheat return path 226.
  • the tank pressure reducing valve 206 reduces the supply pressure of the municipal water to a level equal to a predetermined tank pressure.
  • a feedwater temperature sensor 215 is disposed on the feedwater terminal 231 side of the tank pressure reducing valve 206 so as to detect the temperature of the supplied municipal water.
  • the tank mixing valve 207 mixes the hot water (high-temperature water) flowing from an upper portion of the hot water storage tank 201 with the municipal water fed from the feedwater terminal 231.
  • the tank mixing valve 207 mixes the hot water taken from the hot water storage tank 201 with the municipal water to adjust the hot water temperature to a preset temperature, and then supplies the hot water via the hot-water supply terminal 232.
  • a tank outgoing hot-water temperature sensor 216 is disposed on the hot water storage tank 201 side of the tank mixing valve 207 so as to detect the temperature of the hot water that is going to be mixed with municipal water.
  • the hot-water pressure reducing valve 208 reduces the pressure of the hot water fed from the auxiliary heat source unit 300 through the auxiliary heat source outgoing hot-water pipe 222 to a predetermined supply pressure.
  • the hot-water pressure reducing valve 208 reduces the pressure of the hot water generated from the preheated municipal water.
  • the hot-water supply switching valve 209 which may be a three-way valve, for example, includes water inlets a and b and a water outlet c.
  • the water inlet a is connected to the tank mixing valve 207 via a pipe.
  • the water inlet b is connected to the hot-water pressure reducing valve 208 via a pipe.
  • the water outlet c is connected to the hot-water supply terminal 232 via a pipe.
  • the hot-water supply switching valve 209 switches the inlet to the water inlet a (opens between the water inlet a and the water outlet c, and closes between the water inlet b and the water outlet c) so that the tank mixing valve 207 is connected to the hot-water supply terminal 232.
  • the hot-water supply switching valve 209 switches the inlet to the water inlet b (opens between the water inlet b and the water outlet c, and closes between the water inlet a and the water outlet c) so that the hot-water pressure reducing valve 208 is connected to the hot-water supply terminal 232.
  • a supplied hot-water temperature sensor 217 is disposed on the hot-water supply terminal 232 side of the hot-water supply switching valve 209 so as to detect the temperature of the supplied hot water.
  • a supplied hot-water flow rate sensor 218 is also disposed on the hot-water supply terminal 232 side so as to measure the flow rate of the supplied hot water.
  • the auxiliary heat source unit 300 includes, as major components, a hot-water supply heat exchanger 301, a reheating heat exchanger 302, burners 303 (303a and 303b), a water volume regulating valve 304, a bypass valve 305, a bathtub filling valve 306, and a reheating pump 307.
  • the auxiliary heat source unit 300 is connected to the bathtub 400 via a bathtub return pipe 321 and a bathtub supply pipe 322.
  • the hot-water supply heat exchanger 301 exchanges heat between the heat provided by the burner 303a and the municipal water (municipal water preheated in the hot water storage unit 200). In other words, the hot-water supply heat exchanger 301 heats the preheated municipal water fed from the auxiliary heat source incoming water pipe 221 via the water volume regulating valve 304 with the heat provided by the burner 303a to generate hot water (second hot water).
  • the reheating heat exchanger 302 exchanges heat between the heat provided by the burner 303b and the hot water fed from the bathtub 400.
  • the reheating heat exchanger 302 heats, with heat provided by the burner 303b, the hot water supplied from the bathtub 400 by the reheating pump 307 through the bathtub return pipe 321.
  • the heated water is returned to the bathtub 400 through the bathtub supply pipe 322.
  • the water volume regulating valve 304 regulates the flow rate of the preheated municipal water fed from the hot water storage unit 200 through the auxiliary heat source incoming water pipe 221.
  • An auxiliary heat source flow rate sensor 311 is disposed on the auxiliary heat source incoming water pipe 221 side of the water volume regulating valve 304 so as to measure the flow rate of the preheated municipal water.
  • bypass valve 305 By the bypass valve 305, some of the preheated municipal water fed through the water volume regulating valve 304 bypasses the heat exchanger to flow to the auxiliary heat source outgoing hot-water pipe 222.
  • An auxiliary heat source outgoing hot-water temperature sensor 312 is disposed on the auxiliary heat source outgoing hot-water pipe 222 side of the bypass valve 305 so as to detect the temperature of the outgoing hot water from the auxiliary heat source unit 300.
  • the bathtub filling valve 306 opens to feed the hot water generated in the hot-water supply heat exchanger 301 to the bathtub 400 through the bathtub return pipe 321 and the bathtub supply pipe 322.
  • the heat pump controller 500 controls the heat pump unit 100.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 controls the hot water storage unit 200. Note that the hot water storage unit controller 600 and the heat pump controller 500 are electrically connected to send and receive necessary information therebetween.
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 controls the auxiliary heat source unit 300.
  • the remote controller 800 is electrically connected to the hot water storage unit controller 600 and to the auxiliary heat source controller 700 to send and receive necessary information therebetween.
  • the remote controller 800 which has operation buttons and a display arranged thereon, is used for operations including, for example, giving instructions to the hot water storage unit controller 600 or to the auxiliary heat source controller 700 in response to user operations and displaying the operational status of the hot water storage unit 200 or the auxiliary heat source unit 300 on the basis of information provided by the hot water storage unit controller 600 or the auxiliary heat source controller 700.
  • FIG. 2 is a block diagram for illustrating a connection structure in the storage-type water heater 1.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 includes a measurer 601, a calculator 602, a controller 603, and a storage 604.
  • the stored hot-water temperature sensors 211, the tank return temperature sensor 212, the preheat flow rate sensor 213, the preheat temperature sensor 214, the feedwater temperature sensor 215, the tank outgoing hot-water temperature sensor 216, the supplied hot-water temperature sensor 217, and the supplied hot-water flow rate sensor 218 are connected as input.
  • the remote controller 800 is connected as input/output to the hot water storage unit controller 600.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 is connected as output to the heat pump controller 500 and actuators of the circulation pump 203, the suction switching valve 204, the discharge switching valve 205, the tank mixing valve 207, and the hot-water supply switching valve 209.
  • the measurer 601 takes various measurements including temperatures and flow rates in accordance with information detected by the above-described sensors 211 to 218.
  • the calculator 602 performs calculation for control actions based on various measurements taken by the measurer 601. For example, during the water-heating operation, the calculator 602 performs calculation for actions of the heat pump unit 100 based on the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201. During general hot-water supply, the calculator 602 performs calculation for actions of the hot water storage unit 200 or the auxiliary heat source unit 300 based on the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 so that direct or indirect hot-water supply is carried out.
  • the controller 603 controls the heat pump unit 100 and actuators of the circulation pump 203 and the above-described valves 204 to 209 based on the control actions resulting from the calculation by the calculator 602.
  • the storage 604 stores various pieces of information such as predetermined constants and setting values sent from the remote controller 800.
  • the storage 604 stores a specified value (tank direct hot-water supply threshold) representing a maximum quantity of heat estimated for a single hot-water supply and a reference value (heat pump water-heating threshold) used for reheating.
  • the calculator 602 and the controller 603 are allowed to refer to or rewrite the information stored in the storage 604, if necessary.
  • the measurer 601, the calculator 602, and the controller 603 described above may be implemented by a microcomputer, for example.
  • the storage 604 may be implemented by a semiconductor memory, for example.
  • the following describes the water-heating operation (hot-water storing operation) carried out in the storage-type water heater 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.
  • the suction switching valve 204 and the discharge switching valve 205 are controlled by the hot water storage unit controller 600 as described below.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 causes the suction switching valve 204 to switch the inlet to the water inlet a (opens between the water inlet a and the water outlet c, and closes between the water inlet b and the water outlet c) so that the pump suction pipe 224 is connected to a lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201. Meanwhile, the hot water storage unit controller 600 causes the discharge switching valve 205 to switch the outlet to the water outlet c (opens between the water inlet a and the water outlet c, and closes between the water inlet a and the water outlet b) so that the pump discharge pipe 225 is connected to the heat pump incoming water pipe 121.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 activates the circulation pump 203.
  • the water (low-temperature water) taken from a lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201 flows through the suction switching valve 204, the circulation pump 203, the discharge switching valve 205, and the heat pump incoming water pipe 121 in this order, and is fed to the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 102.
  • the water is heated up in the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 102 through heat exchange with refrigerant, and then led to an upper portion of the hot water storage tank 201 through the heat pump outgoing hot-water pipe 122.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 can cause the water taken from a lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201 to be heated in the heat pump unit 100, which is first heating means, and can cause the heated up hot water to be sent to an upper portion of the hot water storage tank 201.
  • Such a water-heating operation continuously adds a layer of higher-temperature water from above to the stored hot water in the hot water storage tank 201.
  • the temperature of stored hot-water in the hot water storage tank 201 is determined in accordance with, for example, the hot-water supply temperature setting made to the remote controller 800.
  • the temperature of stored hot-water is determined by adding a predetermined temperature to the hot-water supply temperature setting, partly because heat is dissipated from a surface of the hot water storage tank 201 during a period from water heating in the heat pump unit 100 to the actual hot-water supply and because the tank mixing valve 207 is a valve that mixes municipal water (feedwater) by some ratio other than 0.
  • the temperature of stored hot-water is 40 + ⁇ °C for the hot-water supply temperature setting of 40 °C.
  • the remote controller 800 instructs the hot water storage unit controller 600 of the temperature of stored hot-water determined as above.
  • water-heating operation is carried out during late-night charge hours to which a lower electricity price is applied.
  • the water-heating operation water-reheating operation
  • the water-heating operation can be resumed when the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 drops below a predetermined threshold (heat pump water-heating threshold).
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 instructs the heat pump controller 500 of the target heating temperature that is the target temperature of stored hot-water.
  • the heat pump unit 100 stops the water-heating operation.
  • the target quantity of stored hot water may be calculated from, for example, a difference between a hot-water supplying load estimated for a period from the present time to a determined time and the current quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank.
  • the estimated hot-water supplying load is preferably determined by learning hot-water supplying loads occurring in the past several days.
  • FIG. 4 is a flowchart for illustrating control of the hot-water supply switching valve.
  • the direct hot-water supply mode direct hot-water supply operation
  • the indirect hot-water supply mode in which municipal water is preheated in the water-water heat exchanger 202 followed by additional heating in the auxiliary heat source unit 300, and then the heated water is supplied.
  • the hot-water supply switching valve 209 is controlled to switch the hot-water supply between the direct hot-water supply mode and the indirect hot-water supply mode.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 calculates the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 (step S101). Specifically, the calculator 602 calculates the quantity of stored heat in the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank 201 on the basis of temperatures detected by the stored hot-water temperature sensors 211 disposed along the height direction of the hot water storage tank 201. For this purpose, the calculator 602 calculates the quantity of stored heat that is retained in the hot water in the hot water storage tank 201 and is effective for a hot-water supplying load.
  • the calculator 602 calculates the quantity of stored heat by integrating with respect to the volume of the hot water storage tank 201 using the feedwater temperature as a reference temperature for thermal energy.
  • the calculator 602 may calculate the quantity of stored heat by integrating with respect to a limited region of the hot water having a temperature not lower than a predetermined temperature (45 °C, for example).
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 determines whether the calculated quantity of stored heat is equal to or greater than a specified value (step S102). For example, the calculator 602 reads the specified value (tank direct hot-water supply threshold) representing a maximum quantity of heat estimated for a single hot-water supply from the storage 604, and then determines whether the quantity of stored heat is equal to or greater than the specified value. As the tank direct hot-water supply threshold, the storage 604 stores, for example, the highest value (the highest quantity of heat) of hot-water supplying loads (hot-water supplying loads for general supply) occurring in the past several days and each representing a single hot-water supply.
  • the specified value tank direct hot-water supply threshold
  • the storage 604 stores, for example, the highest value (the highest quantity of heat) of hot-water supplying loads (hot-water supplying loads for general supply) occurring in the past several days and each representing a single hot-water supply.
  • the hot-water supplying load may be calculated by, for example, multiplying a summed volume of supplied hot water obtained by the supplied hot-water flow rate sensor 218 by a temperature difference between the hot-water temperature detected by the supplied hot-water temperature sensor 217 and the municipal-water temperature detected by the feedwater temperature sensor 215.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 determines that the quantity of stored heat is equal to or greater than the specified value (Yes in step S102), the hot water storage unit controller 600 carries out the direct hot-water supply mode (step S103).
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 switches the water inlet of the hot-water supply switching valve 209 to the water inlet a (opens between the water inlet a and the water outlet c, and closes between the water inlet b and the water outlet c) so that the tank mixing valve 207 is connected to the hot-water supply terminal 232.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 determines that the quantity of stored heat is less than the specified value (No in step S102)
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 carries out the indirect hot-water supply mode (step S104).
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 switches the water inlet of the hot-water supply switching valve 209 to the water inlet b (opens between the water inlet b and the water outlet c, and closes between the water inlet a and the water outlet c) so that the hot-water pressure reducing valve 208 is connected to the hot-water supply terminal 232.
  • the operation mode is switched to the indirect hot-water supply mode when the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 drops below a specified value (tank direct hot-water supply threshold).
  • the mode may be switched on the basis of other information.
  • the mode may be switched to the indirect hot-water supply mode when any of the stored hot-water temperature sensors 211 detects a temperature lower than the hot-water supply temperature setting plus ⁇ °C.
  • the specified value (tank direct hot-water supply threshold) to be compared with the quantity of stored heat may be replaced by a fixed value representing a relatively high general hot-water supplying load, for example, a fixed value representing a load of single supply for shower (50 L based on 40 °C).
  • the user may be allowed to select any value as the specified value using the remote controller 800.
  • the hot-water supply switching valve 209 switches the water inlet to the water inlet a so that the tank mixing valve 207 is connected to the hot-water supply terminal 232. Then, for example, when a hot-water faucet (not illustrated) connected to the hot-water supply terminal 232 is opened (when a hot-water supplying load occurs), the hot water taken from an upper portion of the hot water storage tank 201 flows through the tank mixing valve 207 and the hot-water supply switching valve 209 in this order, and then the hot water is supplied from the hot-water supply terminal 232, as illustrated in FIG. 5 .
  • FIG. 6 is a flowchart for illustrating the direct hot-water supply process.
  • the direct hot-water supply process is started when, for example, a hot-water faucet connected to the hot-water supply terminal 232 is opened.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 waits until the hot-water supply flow rate is equal to or greater than a reference value (No in step S201).
  • a reference value a lowest limit value is preset so as to ensure, for example, that the supplied hot-water flow rate sensor 218 can stably detect the flow rate of supplied hot water.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 performs temperature-regulating control of the tank mixing valve 207 (step S202).
  • high-temperature water is supplied from an upper portion of the hot water storage tank 201 to the tank mixing valve 207, while municipal water (low-temperature water) flows through the tank pressure reducing valve 206 to flow into a lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201.
  • the tank mixing valve 207 which is a valve for adjusting the temperature of hot water supplied to the hot-water supply terminal 232, mixes high-temperature water fed from an upper portion of the hot water storage tank 201 with municipal water fed through the tank pressure reducing valve 206, and adjusts a variable mixture ratio so that the hot-water temperature detected by the supplied hot-water temperature sensor 217 is equal to the hot-water supply temperature setting, and the delivers the hot water.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 determines whether the hot-water supply flow rate is less than the reference value (step S203). If determining that the hot-water supply flow rate is not less than the reference value (No in step S203), the hot water storage unit controller 600 continues the temperature-regulating control in step S202.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 exits the direct hot-water supply process to return to the waiting state.
  • the hot-water supply switching valve 209 connects the tank mixing valve 207 to the hot-water supply terminal 232, and thus no water flows into the auxiliary heat source unit 300 and no heating occurs in the auxiliary heat source unit 300.
  • the following describes the hot-water supply operation in the indirect hot-water supply mode (indirect hot-water supply operation).
  • the water inlet of the hot-water supply switching valve 209 is switched to the water inlet b, and thus the hot-water pressure reducing valve 208 is connected to the hot-water supply terminal 232.
  • the hot water taken from an upper portion of the hot water storage tank 201 is fed through the preheat intake path 223 and then through the water-water heat exchanger 202 (the primary side path), as illustrated in FIG. 7 .
  • the hot water dissipates heat to reduce its temperature (become low-temperature water) through heat exchange with municipal water (low-temperature water) in the water-water heat exchanger 202.
  • the water thus having a lower temperature is fed through the suction switching valve 204, the circulation pump 203, the discharge switching valve 205, and the preheat return path 226 in this order to return to the lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201.
  • the municipal water supplied from the feedwater terminal 231 is fed to the water-water heat exchanger 202 (the secondary side path).
  • the municipal water is preheated through heat exchange with hot water (high-temperature water) in the water-water heat exchanger 202, and then fed through the auxiliary heat source incoming water pipe 221, the water volume regulating valve 304, and the hot-water supply heat exchanger 301 in this order.
  • the preheated water is heated up in the hot-water supply heat exchanger 301, fed through the auxiliary heat source outgoing hot-water pipe 222, the hot-water pressure reducing valve 208, and the hot-water supply switching valve 209 in this order, and then supplied from the hot-water supply terminal 232.
  • FIG. 8 is a flowchart for illustrating the indirect hot-water supply process.
  • the indirect hot-water supply process is started when, for example, a hot-water faucet connected to the hot-water supply terminal 232 is opened. While the indirect hot-water supply process is performed, the auxiliary heat source controller 700 carries out the auxiliary heating process illustrated in FIG. 11 , which is described later.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 causes the suction switching valve 204 to switch to the water inlet connected to the water-water heat exchanger 202 (step S301).
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 causes the suction switching valve 204 to switch the inlet to the water inlet b (opens between the water inlet b and the water outlet c, and closes between the water inlet a and the water outlet c) so that the pump suction pipe 224 is connected to the water-water heat exchanger 202.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 causes the discharge switching valve 205 to switch to the water outlet connected to the preheat return path 226 (step S302).
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 causes the discharge switching valve 205 to switch the outlet to the water outlet b (opens between the water inlet a and the water outlet b, and closes between the water inlet a and the water outlet c) so that the pump discharge pipe 225 is connected to the preheat return path 226.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 waits until the preheat flow rate is equal to or greater than a reference value (No in step S303).
  • a reference value a lowest limit value is preset so as to ensure, for example, that the preheat flow rate sensor 213 can stably detect the preheat flow rate.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 performs temperature-regulating control of the circulation pump 203 (step S304).
  • the circulation pump 203 is activated to cause the hot water taken from an upper portion of the hot water storage tank 201 to flow into the water-water heat exchanger 202 (the primary side path) through the preheat intake path 223, and then to flow through the suction switching valve 204, the circulation pump 203, and the discharge switching valve 205 in this order to return to the lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201 through the preheat return path 226.
  • the municipal water low-temperature water
  • the water-water heat exchanger 202 heats the municipal water in the secondary side path with the hot water in the primary side path.
  • the hot water in the primary side path decreases its temperature and returns to the lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201, while the municipal water in the secondary side path increases its temperature (that is, the municipal water is preheated) and flows into the auxiliary heat source unit 300.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 performs temperature-regulating control of the circulation pump 203 to control the rotation frequency and adjust the flow rate. A detailed description is given below.
  • FIG. 9 shows changes in water temperature in the primary and secondary sides paths in the water-water heat exchanger 202.
  • the water-water heat exchanger 202 exchanges heat with countercurrent.
  • the rotation frequency is controlled so that, for example, the temperature difference ⁇ TwL between Tw1o and Tw2i is kept consistent with a predetermined value, where Tw1o is the water temperature at an outlet of the primary side path as detected by the tank return temperature sensor 212, and Tw2i is the water temperature at an inlet of the secondary side path as detected by the feedwater temperature sensor 215.
  • the flow rate on the secondary, feedwater side is lower.
  • Tw1o becomes higher and the water flowing into a lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201 has a higher temperature.
  • temperature-regulating control is performed by decreasing the rotation frequency of the circulation pump 203 so as to adjust ⁇ TwL to a predetermined value.
  • the flow rate on the secondary side is higher. In this case, for example, when the circulation pump 203 is running at a lower rotation frequency and thus the flow rate on the primary side is excessively low, Tw1o becomes lower.
  • temperature-regulating control is performed by increasing the rotation frequency of the circulation pump 203 so as to adjust ⁇ TwL to a predetermined value.
  • the rotation frequency of the circulation pump 203 is controlled by controlling the rotation frequency of the circulation pump 203 depending on ⁇ TwL, the water on the primary side is allowed to flow in the water-water heat exchanger 202 at an appropriate flow rate reflecting consideration for the amount of heating and the heat-exchange efficiency relative to the secondary side flow rate.
  • the lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201 can be kept at a lower temperature and, during reheating, the temperature of water supplied from the heat pump incoming water pipe 121 (heat pump incoming water temperature) can be lowered, which is particularly effective when CO2 is used as the refrigerant.
  • Appropriate control of ⁇ TwL also provides heat exchange in an amount sufficient for the flow rate on the secondary side, thus achieving fully effective preheating of the municipal water to be fed to the auxiliary heat source unit 300.
  • the rotation frequency of the circulation pump 203 may be controlled with respect to the secondary side flow rate detected by the preheat flow rate sensor 213. Since the rotation frequency of the circulation pump 203 is approximately proportional to the primary side flow rate, the primary side flow rate can be controlled appropriately with respect to the flow rate of the secondary side to be heated.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 determines whether the preheat flow rate is less than the reference value (step S305). When determining that the preheat flow rate is not less than the reference value (No in step S305), the hot water storage unit controller 600 continues the temperature-regulating control in step S304.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 exits the indirect hot-water supply process to return to the waiting state.
  • FIG. 11 is a flowchart for illustrating the auxiliary heating process.
  • the auxiliary heating process is started in parallel with the above-described indirect hot-water supply process.
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 waits until the auxiliary heat source flow rate is equal to or greater than a reference value (No in step S401).
  • a reference value a lowest limit value is preset so as to ensure, for example, that the auxiliary heat source flow rate sensor 311 can stably detect the auxiliary heat source flow rate.
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 turns on the burner 303a (step S402). As the burner 303a burns fuel, the municipal water (preheated municipal water) is heated in the hot-water supply heat exchanger 301.
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 performs temperature-regulating control of the burner 303a, the water volume regulating valve 304, and the bypass valve 305 (step S403). For example, the auxiliary heat source controller 700 controls the amount of combustion by the burner 303a so that the auxiliary heat source outgoing hot-water temperature sensor 312 detects a target supplied hot-water temperature. At the same time, the auxiliary heat source controller 700 controls the water volume regulating valve 304 to adjust the flow rate of the municipal water (preheated municipal water) flowing into the auxiliary heat source unit 300.
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 controls the bypass valve 305 to adjust the flow rate of the water bypassing the hot-water supply heat exchanger 301 so that the supplied hot-water temperature reaches a target supplied hot-water temperature. In this way, water is heated to a target supplied hot-water temperature in the auxiliary heat source unit 300. The water then flows into the hot water storage unit 200 again through the auxiliary heat source outgoing hot-water pipe 222, undergoes pressure reduction in the hot-water pressure reducing valve 208, passes through the hot-water supply switching valve 209, and is supplied.
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 determines whether the auxiliary heat source flow rate is less than the reference value (step S404). When determining that the auxiliary heat source flow rate is not less than the reference value (No in step S404), the auxiliary heat source controller 700 continues the temperature-regulating control in step S403.
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 turns off the burner 303a (step S405) and exits the auxiliary heating process to return to the waiting state.
  • auxiliary heating process water is heated to a target supplied hot-water temperature in the auxiliary heat source unit 300, and then flows into the hot water storage unit 200 again through the auxiliary heat source outgoing hot-water pipe 222, undergoes pressure reduction in the hot-water pressure reducing valve 208, passes through the hot-water supply switching valve 209, and is supplied.
  • no water from the hot water storage tank 201 is directly supplied because the hot-water supply switching valve 209 connects the hot-water pressure reducing valve 208 to the hot-water supply terminal 232.
  • the preheat flow rate sensor 213 may be alternatively disposed on the outlet side of the secondary side path in the water-water heat exchanger 202.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 may alternatively control the rotation frequency of the circulation pump 203 targeted at a temperature of the preheated municipal water (preheat temperature) as detected by the preheat temperature sensor 214. Specifically, as the rotation frequency of the circulation pump 203 is increased, the water-water heat exchanger 202 exchanges a larger quantity of heat to raise the preheat temperature. As the preheat temperature is increased, the amount of heating needed in the auxiliary heat source unit 300 for a fixed hot-water supply temperature setting is decreased, thus reducing the amount of combustion by the burner 303a. However, when the preheat temperature is excessively high, the temperature of incoming water to the auxiliary heat source unit 300 is also high.
  • the auxiliary heat source unit 300 may fail to control the temperature of supplied hot-water or the burner 303a may stop burning. Therefore, the hot water storage unit controller 600 may control the rotation frequency of the circulation pump 203 so that, for example, the preheat temperature is adjusted to an upper limit (30 °C, for example) of the temperature of incoming water to the auxiliary heat source unit 300.
  • controlling the primary side flow rate targeted at a preheat temperature as above results in a higher tank return temperature on the primary side, and a higher temperature of incoming water to the heat pump unit 100 during a water-reheating operation.
  • HFC, HC, HFO, and other refrigerants that condense on the high pressure side cause a COP drop by a smaller amount relative to an increase in temperature of incoming water. Therefore, controlling the primary side flow rate targeted at a preheat temperature is effective when a substance condensing on the high pressure side is used as the refrigerant.
  • the following describes the bathtub filling operation by which the bathtub 400 is filled with hot water.
  • the above-described indirect hot-water supply mode is carried out without regard to the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201.
  • the hot water taken from an upper portion of the hot water storage tank 201 is fed through the preheat intake path 223 and then through the water-water heat exchanger 202 (the primary side path), as illustrated in FIG. 12 .
  • the hot water dissipates heat to reduce its temperature (become low-temperature water) through heat exchange with municipal water (low-temperature water) in the water-water heat exchanger 202.
  • the water thus having a lower temperature is fed through the suction switching valve 204, the circulation pump 203, the discharge switching valve 205, and the preheat return path 226 in this order to return to the lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201.
  • the municipal water supplied from the feedwater terminal 231 is fed to the water-water heat exchanger 202 (the secondary side path).
  • the municipal water is preheated through heat exchange with hot water (high-temperature water) in the water-water heat exchanger 202, and then fed through the auxiliary heat source incoming water pipe 221, the water volume regulating valve 304, and the hot-water supply heat exchanger 301 in this order.
  • the preheated water is heated in the hot-water supply heat exchanger 301, is fed through the bathtub filling valve 306 and then through bathtub return pipe 321, and is supplied to the bathtub 400.
  • the hot water is also supplied to the bathtub 400 from the bathtub supply pipe 322, indication of which is omitted in FIG. 12 .
  • FIG. 13 is a flowchart for illustrating the bathtub filling process.
  • the bathtub filling process is carried out in parallel with the above-described indirect hot-water supply process in FIG. 8 .
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 waits until an instruction to fill the bathtub is given by the remote controller 800 (No in step S501).
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 having been in the waiting state opens the bathtub filling valve 306 (step S502) and turns on the burner 303a (step S503).
  • the burner 303a burns fuel, the municipal water (preheated municipal water) is heated in the hot-water supply heat exchanger 301.
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 performs temperature-regulating control of the burner 303a, the water volume regulating valve 304, and the bypass valve 305 (step S504).
  • the bathtub filling valve 306 is opened, the preheated municipal water flows into the auxiliary heat source unit 300, passes through the auxiliary heat source flow rate sensor 311 and the water volume regulating valve 304. Then the preheated municipal water divides into flows: one is heated in the hot-water supply heat exchanger 301 and another bypasses the heat exchanger to pass through the bypass valve 305, both of which then join together and pass through the bathtub filling valve 306, and hot water is supplied to the bathtub 400 from both the bathtub supply pipe 322 and the bathtub return pipe 321.
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 controls, for example, the amount of combustion by the burner 303a so that the auxiliary heat source outgoing hot-water temperature sensor 312 detects a target bathtub filling temperature.
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 controls the water volume regulating valve 304 to adjust the flow rate of the municipal water (preheated municipal water) flowing into the auxiliary heat source unit 300.
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 controls the bypass valve 305 to adjust the flow rate of the water bypassing the hot-water supply heat exchanger 301 so that the supplied hot-water temperature reaches a target bathtub filling temperature.
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 determines whether the summed flow volume for bathtub filling is equal to or greater than the amount of hot water to fill the bathtub (step S505). In other words, since the auxiliary heat source flow rate sensor 311 sums the water flow volume during the bathtub filling operation, the auxiliary heat source controller 700 determines whether the summed flow volume is equal to or greater than the amount of hot water to fill the bathtub, as specified on the remote controller 800. When determining that the summed water flow volume is less than the amount of hot water to fill the bathtub (No in step S505), the auxiliary heat source controller 700 continues the temperature-regulating control in step S504.
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 turns off the burner 303a (step S506), closes the bathtub filling valve 306 (step S507), exits the bathtub filling process, and returns to the waiting state.
  • step S505 whether to stop bathtub filling is determined in step S505 by using the flow volume summed by the auxiliary heat source flow rate sensor 311.
  • whether to stop bathtub filling may alternatively be determined by using a water level sensor (not illustrated) that detects the water level in the bathtub 400.
  • the indirect hot-water supply mode is carried out without regard to the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201. Note that, however, in the case where the bathtub filling operation is performed concurrently with a general hot-water supply operation, the direct hot-water supply mode is carried out for the general hot-water supply operation as long as the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 is greater than a predetermined value. On the other hand, when the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 is equal to or less than a predetermined value, the indirect hot-water supply mode is carried out for the general hot-water supply operation.
  • the following describes a reheat and heat-retaining operation.
  • the reheat and heat-retaining operation is performed when the mode selected on the remote controller 800 is the heat retention mode in which the bathtub 400 is kept warm at a constant temperature, or when the reheat button on the remote controller 800 is pressed so as to reheat the water in the bathtub 400.
  • the bathtub filling valve 306 is closed.
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 causes the reheating pump 307 to rotate to circulate hot water through the bathtub 400, the bathtub return pipe 321, the reheating pump 307, the reheating heat exchanger 302, and the bathtub supply pipe 322 in this order. Meanwhile, the auxiliary heat source controller 700 turns on the burner 303b to heat the circulating hot water. Not that the indirect hot-water supply process is not carried out during the reheat and heat-retaining operation.
  • the water-heating operation hot-water storing operation
  • the indirect hot-water supply operation feedwater preheat and hot-water supply operation
  • the indirect hot-water supply operation may be started during the water-heating operation; likewise, the water-heating operation may be started during the indirect hot-water supply operation.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 controls actuators of the individual elements as listed in FIG. 14 .
  • supplied hot water flows through the secondary side path in the water-water heat exchanger 202 at a maximum flow rate of about 15 to 20 L/min. Accordingly, water flows on the primary side at a comparable flow rate.
  • water flows into the heat pump unit 100 for at a water-heating flow rate of, for example, about 1.15 L/min., assuming that the heating capacity is 4.5 kW when the feedwater temperature is 9 °C in winter and the stored hot-water temperature is 65 °C.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 controls the rotation frequency of the circulation pump 203 so that the temperature difference ⁇ TwL between Tw1o and Tw2i is kept constant (kept consistent with a predetermined value), where Tw1o is the water temperature at an outlet of the primary side path and Tw2i is the water temperature at an inlet of the secondary side path in the water-water heat exchanger 202.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 controls the temperature of outgoing hot-water from the heat pump unit 100 by controlling a degree of opening of the discharge switching valve 205 to adjust the water-heating flow rate in the heat pump.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 causes the suction switching valve 204 to switch the inlet so that the pump suction pipe 224 is connected to the water-water heat exchanger 202 (primary side path).
  • FIG. 15 shows a relationship between the degree of opening of the discharge switching valve 205 and flow rates.
  • the degree of opening of the discharge switching valve 205 changes from 0 to the maximum in steps, the flow rate ratio (%) on either side of the hot water storage tank and the heat pump is changing while the total flow rate ratio is 100%.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 controls, for the indirect hot-water supply operation, the rotation frequency of the circulation pump 203 to adjust the flow rate of water required in the primary side path in the water-water heat exchanger 202, while controlling the degree of opening of the discharge switching valve 205 in steps to adjust the ratio between the flow rate of water to the heat pump unit 100 for the water-heating operation and the flow rate of remaining water returning to a lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201.
  • FIGS. 16A to 16D the following describes an example of operations during a day.
  • FIG. 16A shows hot-water supplying loads during a day.
  • FIG. 16B shows changes in quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 during a day.
  • FIG. 16C shows changes in heating capacity in the heat pump unit 100 during a day.
  • FIG. 16D shows changes in heating capacity in the auxiliary heat source unit 300 during a day.
  • the heat pump unit 100 is operational (the water-heating operation is performed) during a late-night time period, which is usually set to a time period ending before 7:00 (24-hour time), to increase the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 as indicated in FIG. 16B .
  • the quantity of heat to be stored in the hot water storage tank 201 may be the rated maximum quantity of stored heat of the hot water storage tank 201 or may be a quantity of stored heat calculated from an estimated hot-water supplying load.
  • the auxiliary heat source unit 300 starts the bathtub filling operation as seen in FIG. 16D .
  • the indirect hot-water supply operation (feedwater preheat operation) is carried out in the hot water storage unit 200.
  • the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 drops concurrently with heating in the auxiliary heat source unit 300, as indicated in FIGS. 16B and 16D .
  • the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 sharply drops as indicated in FIG. 16B , and thus the quantity of stored heat falls below the tank direct hot-water supply threshold.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 continues the indirect hot-water supply operation without the water-heating operation until the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 drops below the heat pump water-heating threshold.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 When the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 drops below the heat pump water-heating threshold owing to a general hot-water supplying load occurring continuously, the hot water storage unit controller 600 starts the water-heating operation. When any general hot-water supplying load occurs thereafter, the hot water storage unit controller 600 carries out the indirect hot-water supply operation until the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 exceeds the tank direct hot-water supply threshold. In this way, the hot water storage unit controller 600 carries out the above-described concurrent operation when the indirect hot-water supply operation is started during the water-heating operation.
  • the target value of the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 is calculated by estimating and summing remaining loads to occur by the end of the day, the target value being smaller than that for the in a late-night time period.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 carries out the direct hot-water supply operation if the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 is greater than the tank direct hot-water supply threshold, or carries out the indirect hot-water supply operation if the quantity of stored heat is less than the tank direct hot-water supply threshold.
  • the quantity of stored heat should be controlled to become a minimum at 24:00, which is the end of a day. However, some quantity of stored heat may still be present at 24:00 if a general hot-water supplying load is expected to occur after 24:00.
  • the hot water storage tank 201 directly supplies hot water while low-temperature municipal water flows into a lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201.
  • the heat pump unit 100 can operate at a higher COP during the water-heating operation.
  • the present embodiment is effective when CO2 is used as the refrigerant, because CO2 is in a supercritical cycle on the high-pressure side and a higher COP is achieved by lower-temperature incoming water to the heat pump unit 100.
  • the preheat flow rate sensor 213 is disposed in the hot water storage unit 200 while the auxiliary heat source flow rate sensor 311 is disposed in the auxiliary heat source unit 300.
  • the individual actuators can be independently controlled without the need for communications between the hot water storage unit controller 600 and the auxiliary heat source controller 700.
  • the municipal water that is to flow into the auxiliary heat source unit 300 is branched before the tank pressure reducing valve 206, undergoes preheating in the water-water heat exchanger 202, and then flows into the auxiliary heat source unit 300. Therefore, by using a heat exchanger causing a low pressure loss such as a plate heat exchanger as the water-water heater exchanger 202, the water can flow into the auxiliary heat source unit 300 at a higher water pressure.
  • the water After the water passes through those elements which cause a greater pressure loss in relation to a higher flow rate of supplied hot water, such as the water volume regulating valve 304, the hot-water supply heat exchanger 301, and the bypass valve 305, the water undergoes pressure reduction in the hot-water pressure reducing valve 208 to a secondary side pressure that is equal to a pressure setting for the hot water storage tank 201. Therefore, the supplied hot water is inhibited from reducing its flow rate caused by a pressure loss.
  • a check valve may be disposed between the tank mixing valve 207 and the hot-water supply switching valve 209 to limit the hot-water flow to the direction from the tank mixing valve 207 to the hot-water supply switching valve 209, so that no water pressure derived from the auxiliary heat source unit 300 is applied to the hot water storage unit 200.
  • the municipal water that is to flow into the auxiliary heat source unit 300 is branched before the tank pressure reducing valve 206. Therefore, separate pressures can be set between the water flowing into the hot water storage tank 201 and the water flowing into the auxiliary heat source unit 300.
  • the pressure of water flowing into the auxiliary heat source unit 300 can be set to a higher value while the pressure of water flowing into the hot water storage tank 201 can be set to a low value.
  • the hot water storage tank 201 can be manufactured at low cost.
  • the hot water storage tank 201 can be easily made larger in size, and the ratio of heating in the heat pump unit 100 can be increased, thus contributing to improved energy saving.
  • the direct hot-water supply operation is performed to directly supply hot water from the hot water storage tank 201 when a larger quantity of heat is stored, whereas the indirect hot-water supply operation is performed when a smaller quantity of heat is stored. Therefore, the heat stored in the hot water storage tank 201 can be efficiently used.
  • the rotation frequency of the circulation pump 203 is controlled depending on the temperature difference between the temperature of water returning to the tank and the feedwater temperature. Therefore, lower COPs can be reduced when lower-temperature water returning to the tank is reheated in the heat pump unit 100.
  • the water-heating flow rate and the preheating flow rate can be separately adjusted by controlling the rotation frequency of the circulation pump 203 and the degree of opening of the discharge switching valve 205. Therefore, a water circuit can be built at low cost with a single pump.
  • the hot water storage tank 201 can be made smaller in size as compared with, for example, handling bathtub filling operations by the direct hot-water supply operation.
  • connecting pipes to the bathtub 400 (bathtub return pipe 321 and bathtub supply pipe 322) are connected in the auxiliary heat source unit 300 as in the present embodiment and that bathtub filling is handled by the direct hot-water supply operation in which hot water taken from the hot water storage tank 201 is used for bathtub filling
  • an additional pipe connecting the hot water storage unit 200 to the auxiliary heat source unit 300 will be needed for bathtub filling, making the water circuit complicated. Therefore, by using the preheated municipal water (feedwater preheating) as a way of utilizing heat in the hot water storage tank 201 for bathtub filling operations, the water circuit can be simplified.
  • the present embodiment allows for preheating without reducing the feedwater pressure, and therefore the present embodiment is effective when the storage-type water heater is added to a gas-powered water heater already installed.
  • a maximum value (tank direct hot-water supply threshold) of the past hot-water supplying loads (for a single hot-water supply) is used for switching from the direct hot-water supply operation to the indirect hot-water supply operation. Therefore, the hot water storage tank 201 is less likely to run out of hot water during a general hot-water supply. Furthermore, any remaining quantity of stored heat can be used for the indirect hot-water supply operation. Therefore, the stored heat is not wasted even when a relatively high value is given to the threshold.
  • FIG. 17 illustrates a configuration of a hot water storage unit 900 according to another embodiment.
  • the hot water storage unit 900 allows for switching between a middle position and a lower position (lower portion) of the hot water storage tank 201 to which the water is returned after used for preheating municipal water during the indirect hot-water supply operation.
  • the hot water storage unit 900 includes a return position switching valve 901 disposed midway in the preheat return path 226.
  • the return position switching valve 901 which may be a three-way valve, for example, includes a water inlet a and water outlets b and c.
  • the water inlet a is connected to the discharge switching valve 205 via the preheat return path 226.
  • the water outlet b is connected to a lower portion of the hot water storage tank 201 via a pipe.
  • the water outlet c is connected to a middle portion of the hot water storage tank 201 via a pipe.
  • FIG. 18 is a flowchart for illustrating the indirect hot-water supply process according to this variation.
  • the indirect hot-water supply process is started when, for example, a hot-water faucet connected to the hot-water supply terminal 232 is opened.
  • the same reference signs are given to the same steps as those in the indirect hot-water supply process in FIG. 8 .
  • the auxiliary heat source controller 700 carries out the above-described auxiliary heating process illustrated in FIG. 11 .
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 causes the suction switching valve 204 to switch to the water inlet connected to the water-water heat exchanger 202 (step S301), and causes the discharge switching valve 205 to switch to the water outlet connected to the preheat return path 226 (step S302).
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 determines whether the hot water storage tank 201 at a middle portion has a temperature higher than the control target temperature at an outlet of the primary side path, Tw2i + ⁇ TwL (step S601).
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 calculates the temperature at the middle portion of the hot water storage tank 201 from a temperature distribution detected by the stored hot-water temperature sensors 211.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 switches the return position switching valve 901 to the outlet connecting to the lower side of the hot water storage tank 201 (step S602).
  • the hot water storage tank 201 has a temperature distribution composed of a higher-temperature part (45 °C or above) higher than a general hot-water supply temperature setting (about 40 °C) and a lower-temperature part (less than 20 °C) lower than the temperature of municipal water, and that the middle portion of the hot water storage tank 201 is included in the higher-temperature part.
  • the temperature at the middle portion is higher than Tw2i + ⁇ TwL, and thus the outlet of the return position switching valve 901 is connected to the lower side of the hot water storage tank 201 so that the water on the primary side after used for preheating, which is herein referred to as preheat return water, is returned to the lower side of the hot water storage tank 201.
  • the hot water storage tank 201 has a temperature distribution composed of a middle-temperature part (20 to 45 °C) and a lower-temperature part, and that the middle portion of the hot water storage tank 201 is included in the middle-temperature part.
  • the outlet of the return position switching valve 901 is connected to the lower side of the hot water storage tank 201 so that the water on the primary side is returned to the lower side of the hot water storage tank 201 after used for preheating.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 switches the return position switching valve 901 to the outlet connecting to the middle of the hot water storage tank 201 (step S603).
  • the hot water storage tank 201 has a temperature distribution composed of a middle-temperature part and a lower-temperature part, and that the middle portion of the hot water storage tank 201 is included in the lower-temperature part.
  • temperature rise will occur in the lower-temperature part when the water on the primary side is returned to the lower side of the hot water storage tank 201 after used for heating and the returned water is mixed with the middle-temperature water.
  • the outlet of the return position switching valve 901 is connected to the middle of the hot water storage tank 201 so that the water on the primary side is returned to the middle portion of the hot water storage tank 201 after used for preheating.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 waits until the preheat flow rate is equal to or greater than a reference value (No in step S303). When a hot-water faucet is opened in this waiting state and the preheat flow rate increases to the reference value or higher (Yes in step S303), the hot water storage unit controller 600 performs temperature-regulating control of the circulation pump 203 (step S304).
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 determines whether the preheat flow rate is less than the reference value (step S305). When determining that the preheat flow rate is not less than the reference value (No in step S305), the hot water storage unit controller 600 continues the temperature-regulating control in step S304.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 exits the auxiliary heating process to return to the waiting state.
  • the hot water storage unit 900 allows the primary side water that has been used for preheating feedwater to return to a position switched between a middle portion and a lower portion of the hot water storage tank. Therefore, mid-temperature water can be efficiently used while the incoming water to the heat pump unit 100 can be maintained at a lower temperature.
  • the hot water storage unit controller 600 starts the indirect hot-water supply operation when the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 drops.
  • the user may be allowed to select the indirect hot-water supply operation using the remote controller 800, without regard to the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201.
  • use of a large amount of supplied hot water during the daytime may cause run-out of hot water in the hot water storage tank 201 and reheating may occur in the heat pump unit 100.
  • the running cost may be increased due to a higher electricity charge.
  • the indirect hot-water supply operation can be started by selecting the indirect hot-water supply operation on the remote controller 800, irrespective of whether the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 is higher than the tank direct hot-water supply threshold. Accordingly, since the auxiliary heat source unit 300 is used for supplying hot water, the use ratio of the stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 is decreased, thus reducing water-heating operations involving a higher electricity charge that may be started due to run-out of hot water. Then, the water heater may be configured to return to the direct hot-water supply operation when a predetermined time has elapsed after selection of the indirect hot-water supply operation, so that no adverse effect is caused by the user forgetting to return to the direct hot-water supply operation.
  • high electricity charge hours may be set in advance by using the remote controller 800 so that the indirect hot-water supply operation is performed during the specified hours.
  • the water heater may be configured such that the quantity of exchanged heat for feedwater preheating is reduced after the indirect hot-water supply operation is selected on the remote controller 800.
  • the quantity of exchanged heat for feedwater preheating can be reduced by increasing the target value of ⁇ TwL to decrease the primary side flow rate, as compared with the case where the indirect hot-water supply operation is started when the quantity of stored heat in the hot water storage tank 201 drops below a specified value as described above.
  • the remote controller 800 may be used to stop the indirect hot-water supply operation to prevent the circulation pump 203 from rotating. In this case, since the water-water heat exchanger 202 is caused to stop preheating the feedwater, the use ratio of the auxiliary heat source unit 300 can be increased to 100%.
  • a program executed by the hot water storage unit controller 600 can be distributed in a form of a non-transitory computer-readable recording medium storing the program, such as a compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), a digital versatile disc (DVD), a magneto-optical disk (MO), a USB memory, or a memory card. Then, such a program may be installed on a specific or general-purpose computer, and the computer can function as the hot water storage unit controller 600 according to the foregoing embodiments.
  • CD-ROM compact disc read-only memory
  • DVD digital versatile disc
  • MO magneto-optical disk
  • USB memory or a memory card
  • the above-described program may be stored on a disk device or the like of a server device on a communication network such as the Internet to enable the program to be downloaded to the computer, for example by superimposing the program onto a carrier wave.
  • the above-described processing can be achieved even by execution while the program is transferred through the communication network.
  • the above-described processing can be achieved by executing all or part of the program on the server device, and executing the program while sending and receiving by the computer the information relating to such processing through the communication network.
  • the non-OS portion alone may be stored and distributed in the above-described recording medium, or alternatively, may be, for example, downloaded to the computer.
  • the present disclosure may be suitably adopted as a storage-type water heater used in homes and facilities.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Wassererhitzer vom Speichertyp, umfassend:
    erste Heizmittel (100) zum Erhitzen von Wasser, um erstes heißes Wasser zu erzeugen;
    einen Heißwasser-Speichertank (201), der konfiguriert ist, das durch die ersten Heizmittel (100) erzeugte erste heiße Wasser zu speichern;
    einen Wärmetauscher (202), der konfiguriert ist, kommunales Wasser durch einen Wärmeaustausch zwischen dem aus dem Heißwasser-Speichertank (201) entnommenen ersten heißen Wasser und dem kommunalen Wasser vorzuheizen;
    zweite Heizmittel (300) zum Erhitzen des durch den Wärmetauscher (202) vorgeheizten kommunalen Wassers, um zweites heißes Wasser zu erzeugen; und
    Steuermittel (600), um das aus dem Heißwasser-Speichertank (201) entnommene erste heiße Wasser oder das durch die zweiten Heizmittel (300) erzeugte zweite heiße Wasser zuzuführen,
    wobei der Heißwasser-Speichertank (201) und die zweiten Heizmittel (300) parallel mit (i) einem Zuführwasseranschluss (231), von dem das kommunale Wasser zugeführt wird, und (ii) einem Heißwasser-Zufuhranschluss (232), dem das erste heiße Wasser und das zweite heiße Wasser zugeführt wird, verbunden sind,
    ein Druckreduzierventil (206) zwischen dem Zuführwasseranschluss (231) und einem Wassereinlaufpfad zu dem Heißwasser-Speichertank (201) angeordnet ist, und
    ein Wassereinlaufpfad zu den zweiten Heizmitteln (300) zwischen dem Zuführwasseranschluss (231) und dem Druckreduzierventil (206) verzweigt ist,
    ein primärseitiger Pfad, durch den das aus einem oberen Abschnitt des Heißwasser-Speichertanks (201) entnommene erste heiße Wasser strömt, und ein sekundärseitiger Pfad, durch den das kommunale Wasser strömt, in dem Wärmetauscher (202) angeordnet sind,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wassererhitzer vom Speichertyp umfasst:
    ein Ansaugumschaltventil (204), das konfiguriert ist, zwischen dem primärseitigen Pfad und einem Pfad, durch den aus einem unteren Abschnitt des Heißwasser-Speichertanks (201) entnommenes Wasser strömt, umzuschalten, wobei das Ansaugumschaltventil (204) in einem Ansaugpfad zu einer Pumpe (203) angeordnet ist, und
    ein Auslassumschaltventil (205), das konfiguriert ist, zwischen einem Wassereinlaufpfad zu den ersten Heizmitteln (100) und einem Pfad, durch den Wasser in einen unteren Abschnitt des Heißwasser-Speichertanks (201) strömt, umzuschalten, wobei das Auslassumschaltventil (205) in einem Auslasspfad von der Pumpe (203) angeordnet ist.
  2. Wassererhitzer vom Speichertyp nach Anspruch 1, wobei
    die Steuermittel (600) konfiguriert sind, eine Rotationsfrequenz der Pumpe (203) so zu steuern, dass eine Temperaturdifferenz zwischen einer Austrittstemperatur des primärseitigen Pfads und einer Eintrittstemperatur des sekundärseitigen Pfads mit einem vorbestimmten Wert konsistent gehalten wird, wobei die Pumpe (203) konfiguriert ist, das erste heiße Wasser, das durch den primärseitigen Pfad strömen soll, umzuwälzen.
  3. Wassererhitzer vom Speichertyp nach Anspruch 1, wobei
    die Steuermittel (600) konfiguriert sind, eine Rotationsfrequenz der Pumpe (203) so zu steuern, dass ein Verhältnis zwischen einer Durchflussrate in dem primärseitigen Pfad und einer Durchflussrate in dem sekundärseitigen Pfad mit einem vorbestimmten Wert konsistent gehalten wird, wobei die Pumpe (203) konfiguriert ist, das erste heiße Wasser, das durch den primärseitigen Pfad strömen soll, umzuwälzen.
  4. Wassererhitzer vom Speichertyp nach Anspruch 1, wobei
    die Steuermittel (600) konfiguriert sind, eine Rotationsfrequenz der Pumpe (203) so zu steuern, dass eine Austrittstemperatur des sekundärseitigen Pfads mit einem vorbestimmten Wert konsistent gehalten wird, wobei die Pumpe (203) konfiguriert ist, das erste heiße Wasser, das durch den primärseitigen Pfad strömen soll, umzuwälzen.
  5. Wassererhitzer vom Speichertyp nach Anspruch 1, wobei
    die Steuermittel (600) konfiguriert sind, eine Rotationsfrequenz der Pumpe (203) so zu steuern, dass eine Austrittstemperatur des sekundärseitigen Pfads mit einem für die zweiten Heizmittel (300) bestimmten oberen Grenzwert konsistent gehalten wird, wobei die Pumpe (203) konfiguriert ist, das erste heiße Wasser, das durch den primärseitigen Pfad strömen soll, umzuwälzen.
  6. Wassererhitzer vom Speichertyp nach Anspruch 1, wobei
    die Steuermittel (600) konfiguriert sind, dann, wenn eine Durchflussrate in dem sekundärseitigen Pfad gleich oder größer einem vorbestimmten Wert ist, die Pumpe (203) zu aktivieren, die konfiguriert ist, das erste heiße Wasser, das durch den primärseitigen Pfad strömen soll, umzuwälzen.
  7. Wassererhitzer vom Speichertyp nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Steuermittel (600) konfiguriert sind, dann, wenn ein indirekter Heißwasser-Zuführbetrieb gleichzeitig mit einem Wasserheizbetrieb durchgeführt wird, das Auslassumschaltventil (205) zu steuern, ein Durchflussratenverhältnis zwischen Wasser, das in die ersten Heizmittel (100) strömt, und Wasser, das in einen unteren Abschnitt des Heißwasser-Speichertanks (201) strömt, anzupassen, wobei der indirekte Heißwasser-Zuführbetrieb ein Betrieb zum Vorheizen des kommunalen Wassers unter Verwendung von aus dem Heißwasser-Speichertank (201) entnommenen heißem Wasser durch die zweiten Heizmittel (300) ist, die eine Erzeugung des zweiten heißen Wassers bewirken, um das zweite heiße Wasser zuzuführen, wobei der Wasserheizbetrieb ein Betrieb zum Speichern des heißen Wassers durch Zuführen von aus einem unteren Abschnitt des Heißwasser-Speichertanks (201) entnommenen Wasser zu den ersten Heizmitteln (100) ist, um das erste heiße Wasser durch die ersten Heizmittel (100) zu erzeugen.
  8. Wassererhitzer vom Speichertyp nach Anspruch 7, wobei die Steuermittel (600) konfiguriert sind, dann, wenn ein indirekter Heißwasser-Zufuhrbetrieb durch einen Benutzer über eine Fernsteuerung (800) angewiesen wird, zu bewirken, dass die zweiten Heizmittel (300) das zweite heiße Wasser erzeugen, um das zweite heiße Wasser zuzuführen.
  9. Wassererhitzer vom Speichertyp nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Fernsteuerung (800) konfiguriert ist, dann, wenn eine vorbestimmte Zeit nach dem indirekten Heißwasser-Zuführbetrieb verstrichen ist, die Steuermittel (600) anzuweisen, in einen direkten Heißwasserzuführbetrieb zurückzukehren, in dem das aus dem Heißwasser-Speichertank (201) entnommene erste heiße Wasser zugeführt wird.
  10. Wassererhitzer vom Speichertyp nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Fernsteuerung (800) konfiguriert ist, dass ein Benutzer eine Zeitspanne einstellen kann, in der der indirekte Heißwasserzuführbetrieb durchgeführt wird.
  11. Wassererhitzer vom Speichertyp nach Anspruch 8, wobei die Steuermittel (600) konfiguriert sind, eine Wärmemenge zu reduzieren, die zwischen dem ersten heißen Wasser und dem kommunalen Wasser in dem Wärmetauscher (202) ausgetauscht wird.
  12. Wassererhitzer vom Speichertyp nach Anspruch 7, wobei
    die Steuermittel (600) konfiguriert sind, dann, wenn sie durch einen Benutzer über eine Fernsteuerung (800) angewiesen werden, einen indirekten Heißwasserzuführbetrieb zu stoppen, zu bewirken, dass die zweiten Heizmittel (300) das zweite heiße Wasser erzeugen, um das zweite heiße Wasser zuzuführen, wobei verhindert wird, dass das erste heiße Wasser in den primärseitigen Pfad strömt.
EP16918237.5A 2016-10-03 2016-10-03 Heisswasserbereitstellungsvorrichtung vom speichertyp Active EP3521727B1 (de)

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CN111189100A (zh) * 2020-01-10 2020-05-22 河北绿源地热能开发有限公司 一种新能源集成系统
WO2022168034A1 (en) * 2021-02-07 2022-08-11 Octopus Energy Group Limited Methods and systems and apparatus to support reduced energy and water usage
GB2621172A (en) * 2022-08-05 2024-02-07 Octopus Energy Heating Ltd Hot water supply system
GB2621173A (en) * 2022-08-05 2024-02-07 Octopus Energy Heating Ltd Hot water supply system
WO2024083998A1 (de) * 2022-10-20 2024-04-25 Peter Brecklinghaus Zentralheizungssystem und verfahren zum betrieb und/oder zur steuerung und/oder zur regelung eines zentralheizungssystems

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JP5200842B2 (ja) * 2008-10-08 2013-06-05 株式会社デンソー 給湯装置
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JPWO2018066036A1 (ja) 2019-04-04
EP3521727A1 (de) 2019-08-07
JP6682001B2 (ja) 2020-04-15
EP3521727A4 (de) 2019-10-16
WO2018066036A1 (ja) 2018-04-12

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