EP3510217B1 - Système de protection permettant de protéger des bâtiments contre des chutes d'avion - Google Patents

Système de protection permettant de protéger des bâtiments contre des chutes d'avion Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3510217B1
EP3510217B1 EP18709476.8A EP18709476A EP3510217B1 EP 3510217 B1 EP3510217 B1 EP 3510217B1 EP 18709476 A EP18709476 A EP 18709476A EP 3510217 B1 EP3510217 B1 EP 3510217B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
grid
protective
plane
protective system
building wall
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18709476.8A
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German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3510217A1 (fr
Inventor
Adam Fila
Viktor Vlaski
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Framatome GmbH
Original Assignee
Framatome GmbH
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Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of EP3510217A1 publication Critical patent/EP3510217A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3510217B1 publication Critical patent/EP3510217B1/fr
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H5/00—Armour; Armour plates
    • F41H5/24—Armour; Armour plates for stationary use, e.g. fortifications ; Shelters; Guard Booths
    • E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
    • E04—BUILDING
    • E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
    • E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
    • E04H9/04—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate against air-raid or other war-like actions
    • E04H9/06—Structures arranged in or forming part of buildings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
    • F41H11/02—Anti-aircraft or anti-guided missile or anti-torpedo defence installations or systems
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F41—WEAPONS
    • F41H—ARMOUR; ARMOURED TURRETS; ARMOURED OR ARMED VEHICLES; MEANS OF ATTACK OR DEFENCE, e.g. CAMOUFLAGE, IN GENERAL
    • F41H11/00—Defence installations; Defence devices
    • F41H11/08—Barbed-wire obstacles; Barricades; Stanchions; Tank traps; Vehicle-impeding devices; Caltrops
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F42—AMMUNITION; BLASTING
    • F42D—BLASTING
    • F42D5/00—Safety arrangements
    • F42D5/04—Rendering explosive charges harmless, e.g. destroying ammunition; Rendering detonation of explosive charges harmless

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a protection system for protecting a building from aircraft crashes and similar high-energy impacts of large-volume objects according to the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such a protection system is from the patent DE 10 2010 037 202 B4 of HOCHTIEF Construction AG.
  • a protective jacket is provided at a distance from the outer shell of the structure, the protective jacket being designed as a lattice jacket, the bars of the lattice jacket being at least partially made of steel, the protective jacket being designed as a self-supporting structure, and wherein the protective jacket is not connected to the outer shell of the building or is not connected via supporting elements.
  • Another protection system for protecting a building from aircraft impact is in the document DE202005015904U described.
  • the object of the invention is to further develop a protection system of the type mentioned at the beginning in such a way that even an impact of heavy four-engine aircraft, for example of the Boeing 747 or Airbus A380 type, does not destroy the integrity of the building it is protecting.
  • the protective grille is supported on the building wall via a plurality of plastically deformable, energy-absorbing elements - and preferably exclusively via such elements.
  • a support on the floor is advantageously provided.
  • the invention is based on the consideration that in departure from the in DE 10 2010 037 202 B4 disclosed technical teaching a support of the protective grille the building wall is quite desirable in order to better distribute the impact loads.
  • a part of these loads can and should, as recognized in the context of the present invention, be absorbed by the building to be protected itself, to the extent that its structure can withstand or tolerate it without being catastrophically damaged.
  • the transfer of force, pressure and deformation energy into the building wall takes place in a damped manner with the help of energy and vibration absorbing (damping) elements.
  • the respective energy-absorbing element advantageously comprises a tube made of steel, which is arranged between the protective grille and the building wall in such a way that the force transmitted to the protective grille when an aircraft crashes acts on the tube at least predominantly in the radial direction and, viewed in cross section, squeezes it.
  • a predominantly plastic, non-linear deformation takes place here due to a force acting in the radial direction on the circumference of the tube.
  • the tube can have a core or an installation made of crossed steel plates inside the tube.
  • the protective grille comprises an inner lattice level formed from steel girders and arranged parallel to the building wall and an outer lattice level arranged parallel to it and formed from steel girders, the inner lattice level and the outer lattice level being connected to one another by steel girders.
  • both the inner lattice plane and the outer lattice plane comprise a regular rectangular lattice whose unit cells have the same dimensions and which are shifted from one another by half a lattice constant in at least one main direction of the lattice. It is preferred here that the inner lattice plane and the outer lattice plane are connected to one another by diagonal supports which each extend from a node point of one lattice plane to a node point of the other lattice plane.
  • the protective system 20 shown in the figures with a protective grille 22 is set up in the manner of a protective cover in front of a building wall 24 or another section of a building envelope and protects it from aircraft crashes or similar high-energy and large-area impacts from rockets, components or debris as a result of attacks, explosions, Cyclones and the like.
  • the protective grille 22 is formed from interconnected, in particular welded, (steel) girders or struts or lattice bars and comprises a first lattice level facing the building wall, also referred to as the inner lattice level E1, and a second lattice level facing away from the building wall, also as the outer one Lattice plane E2.
  • Each of the two lattice levels E1, E2 is formed by longitudinal members and cross members connected to one another, which span a preferably regular surface lattice.
  • the two lattice planes E1, E2 are connected to one another by supports, in particular diagonal supports, arranged between them, so that a three-dimensional space lattice is implemented overall.
  • the outer grid level E2 is also arranged parallel to the building wall 24 and thus also parallel to the inner grid level E1.
  • the two grid planes E1, E2 thus form spaced apart vertical planes with a distance b.
  • the outer lattice plane E2 is realized by a plurality of longitudinal and transverse girders which are connected to one another at the intersection or node points 30.
  • it concerns vertical girders 1 and horizontal girders 3.
  • the vertical girders 1 are arranged in a columnar manner at regular intervals d from one another and aligned vertically according to their designation.
  • the horizontal girders 3, which run perpendicular to the vertical girders 1, are aligned horizontally according to their designation and at regular intervals Distances h to one another, that is to say arranged one above the other at different heights.
  • the horizontal girders 3 and the vertical girders 1 are preferably firmly connected to one another, in particular welded, at each of the intersection or node points 30. Overall, a regular rectangular grid is thus realized, the unit cell of which has a width d and a height h.
  • the inner grid level E1 is structured analogously to the outer grid level E2. It thus also forms a regular rectangular grid made of vertical beams 2 and horizontal beams 3 ', the unit cell of which preferably has the same width d and the same height h as the unit cell of the outer lattice plane E2.
  • the distance between the two grid levels, that is to say the width or depth of the protective grid 22 is denoted by b.
  • the two grid levels E1, E2 are advantageously not arranged congruently one behind the other in the top view from the front, but they are shifted or offset in the horizontal direction, i.e. in the longitudinal direction of the horizontal beams 3, 3 ', preferably by half a grid width d / 2.
  • the nodes of the outer grid plane E2 lie in the middle between two nodes of the inner grid plane E1.
  • the two grid levels E1, E2 are preferably not shifted relative to one another, so that a horizontal beam 3 'of the inner grid level E1 at the same level is assigned to each horizontal beam 3 of the outer grid level E2.
  • This variant creates horizontal levels between the vertical grid levels E1 and E2, which can be used as floor areas.
  • the grid levels E1, E2 are offset from one another by half a storey height h / 2 and the vertical grid area is thereby additionally compressed.
  • the two grid levels E1, E2 are connected to one another by additional supports, which are preferably implemented as diagonal supports 4, 5 and which are preferably connected to the nodes of the grid levels E1, E2, in particular by welding.
  • four diagonal girders 4, 5 extend from each node of the outer grid plane E2 - with the exception of a few located at the edge of the grid area - to respectively assigned nodes of the inner grid plane E1.
  • Two of the four diagonal supports, namely those with reference numeral 4, lie in a horizontal plane and extend to the two closest nodal points at the same height as the inner lattice plane E1.
  • the other two of the four diagonal supports extend spatially diagonally, namely obliquely downwards to the nodes of the inner lattice level E1 arranged directly below the aforementioned nodes (alternatively, they can also extend obliquely upwards, or in addition to the four diagonal girders mentioned, there should be two diagonal girders running upwards).
  • the result Viewed from the nodes of the inner lattice level, the result is a mirror-image arrangement. Viewed from above ( FIG. 3 ) you can see a triangular partitioning. Under certain circumstances, fewer than four diagonal girders extend from the peripheral nodes due to their peripheral location.
  • the vertical girders 1 of the outer lattice plane E2 are preferably all arranged on the same side of the horizontal girders 3, namely preferably on the inside, that is to say directed towards the building wall 24.
  • the vertical supports 1, 2 are preferably integral, that is to say made from one piece, and preferably have a double-T-shaped cross section, alternatively a rectangular cross section. The same applies to the horizontal beams 3, 3 'and the diagonal beams 4, 5.
  • Preferred materials for the beams are types of steel with great ductility and plastic deformation capacity.
  • the total height and total width of the protective grille 22 is adapted to the dimensions of the building or building section to be protected.
  • the protective grille 22 is preferably designed to be self-supporting and is advantageously supported by at least some, preferably all of the vertical supports 1, 2 on the floor 26.
  • the vertical supports 1, 2 are anchored to the ground 26 in a suitable manner and are based on a foundation.
  • the vertical supports 1, 2 can therefore also be referred to as columns or supports.
  • the protective grille 22 is connected to the building wall 24 via a plurality of shock- or energy-absorbing elements 32 or dampers.
  • These energy-absorbing elements 24 are preferably tubes 6 or hollow cylinders made of steel, which are arranged between the protective grille 22 and the building wall 24 in such a way that, when an object hits the protective grille 22 from the front (direction of impact essentially in Direction of arrow II in FIG. 1 ) perpendicular to their longitudinal axis, that is, viewed in cross section in radial direction 34, compressed or squeezed and thereby plastically deformed.
  • the respective pipe 6 is arranged between the vertical supports 2 of the inner lattice level E1, which are directed towards the building wall 24, and the building wall 24, that is to say in the gap 28 between them.
  • the pipe diameter D is accordingly at most as large as the gap width a.
  • the longitudinal axis of the tube 6 is preferably arranged vertically, that is to say parallel to the vertical support 2.
  • the pipe 6 is preferably firmly connected to the associated vertical support 2, in particular welded, on the one hand on the outer circumference, and on the other hand leaning against the building wall 24.
  • the tube 6 then represents an energy-absorbing (connecting) element or a bracket / fastening / suspension / support or a support between the protective grille 22 and the building wall 24.
  • the energy-absorbing tube 6 is fastened, for example, to a horizontal support 3 'of the inner lattice plane E1.
  • a type of series or row arrangement with several parallel aligned, abutting pipes, which are arranged within the gap 28 between the inner lattice plane E1 and the building wall 24, can be realized.
  • the required pipe length and its arrangement depends on the energy absorption requirement and depends on the (expected) impact impulse.
  • a plastically deformable core 36 which preferably consists of steel plates welded together in a cross shape, is advantageously arranged in the respective tube 6.
  • the core 36 forms a cross within the pipe circumference, the center of the cross coinciding with the longitudinal axis of the pipe 6.
  • the core 36 is preferably only clamped into the tube 6 and not attached to the inner wall of the tube in any other way.
  • the dimensions given here and further above are tailored to the requirements for protecting a nuclear power plant building from aircraft crashes, in particular four-jet passenger planes, and have been verified in numerical simulations.
  • the dimensioning varies in individual cases with the requirements.
  • Preferred materials for the tubes 6 and cores 36 are types of steel with great ductility and plastic deformation capacity
  • a particular advantage of the construction is that the entire building does not have to be surrounded, but the protective cover can be limited spatially to the particularly sensitive or sensitive sections of the building wall 24 or building envelope.
  • the protective grille 22 can be held on the building wall 24 exclusively via the energy-absorbing elements 32, without any support on the floor, which is useful, for example, when protecting ceiling sections.
  • the position and orientation of the protective grille 22 in the room must then of course be adapted to the installation situation. This means that the "vertical girders" and “horizontal girders” are then oriented differently in space than has been described so far and as suggested by the designation used here.
  • the shape of the protective grille 22 corresponds to the outer contour of a building, such as a circular or otherwise curved outer circumference of a z.
  • B. domed power station building follows. This is expediently implemented by means of straight sections, as described above, with kinks in between.
  • the component in question consists at least partially of steel.
  • Composite materials made of steel and other materials are expressly included.
  • a particularly important area of application is the protection of power plant buildings or building shells of nuclear power plants or other nuclear facilities.
  • many other applications for protection against industrial plants or military objects from aircraft crashes and the like are also possible.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Architecture (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Civil Engineering (AREA)
  • Business, Economics & Management (AREA)
  • Emergency Management (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Structural Engineering (AREA)
  • Remote Sensing (AREA)
  • Radar, Positioning & Navigation (AREA)
  • Aviation & Aerospace Engineering (AREA)
  • Vibration Dampers (AREA)
  • Buildings Adapted To Withstand Abnormal External Influences (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Système de protection (20) permettant de protéger un bâtiment contre des chutes d'avion et des impacts à haute énergie similaires au moyen d'une grille de protection (22) tridimensionnelle érigée devant une paroi de bâtiment (24) à distance de celle-ci et composée de supports (1 à 5) raccordés les uns aux autres,
    la grille de protection (22) s'appuyant sur la paroi de bâtiment (24) par le biais d'une pluralité d'éléments (32) déformables plastiquement et absorbant l'énergie,
    caractérisé en ce que
    l'élément (32) respectif absorbant l'énergie comprend un tube en acier (6) qui est disposé entre la grille de protection (22) et la paroi de bâtiment (24) de telle sorte que la force transmise à la grille de protection (22) lors de l'impact d'un avion agit au moins de façon prédominante dans la direction radiale (34) sur le tube (6) et écrase ce dernier vu en section transversale.
  2. Système de protection (20) selon la revendication 1, dans lequel la grille de protection (22) s'appuie sur la paroi de bâtiment (24) exclusivement par le biais des éléments (32) absorbant l'énergie.
  3. Système de protection (20) selon la revendication 1 ou 2, dans lequel le diamètre (D) du tube (6) est compris dans la plage de 0,3 à 1,0 m, et l'épaisseur (t) de la paroi de tube est comprise dans la plage de 10 à 50 mm.
  4. Système de protection (20) selon la revendication 3, dans lequel le tube (6) comporte dans l'intérieur du tube un noyau (36) composé de plaques d'acier croisées.
  5. Système de protection (20) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la grille de protection (22) comporte un plan de grille (E1) intérieur disposé parallèlement à la paroi de bâtiment (24) et formé de supports en acier (2, 3'), et un plan de grille (E2) extérieur disposé parallèlement au plan de grille intérieur et formé de supports en acier (1, 3), le plan de grille (E1) intérieur et le plan de grille (E2) extérieur étant raccordés l'un à l'autre par des supports en acier (4, 5).
  6. Système de protection (20) selon la revendication 5, dans lequel l'espacement (b) des deux plans de grille (E1, E2) l'un par rapport à l'autre est compris dans la plage entre 10 et 15 m.
  7. Système de protection (20) selon la revendication 5 ou 6, dans lequel à la fois le plan de grille (E1) intérieur et le plan de grille (E2) extérieur comprennent une grille rectangulaire régulière dont les cellules élémentaires présentent les mêmes dimensions (d, h), et qui sont déplacées l'une par rapport à l'autre au moins dans une direction selon une demi-constante de grille (d/2).
  8. Système de protection (20) selon la revendication 7, dans lequel la largeur (d) de la cellule élémentaire est comprise dans la plage de 10 à 15 m, et la hauteur (h) de la cellule élémentaire est comprise dans la plage de 5 à 10 m.
  9. Système de protection (20) selon la revendication 7 ou 8, dans lequel le plan de grille (E1) intérieur et le plan de grille (E2) extérieur sont raccordés l'un à l'autre par des supports en diagonale (4, 5) qui s'étendent respectivement à partir d'un point nodal (30) d'un plan de grille (E1) vers un point nodal (30) de l'autre plan de grille (E2).
  10. Système de protection (20) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel la grille de protection (22) s'appuie sur une pluralité de supports (1, 2) sur le sol (26).
  11. Système de protection (20) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les supports (1 à 5) de la grille de protection (22) présentent une section transversale en forme de double T ou de forme rectangulaire dont les dimensions sont comprises dans la plage de 400 à 1 000 mm.
  12. Système de protection (20) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel l'espacement (a) entre la grille de protection (22) et la paroi de bâtiment (24) est compris dans la plage de 0,3 à 2,0 m.
EP18709476.8A 2017-02-07 2018-02-06 Système de protection permettant de protéger des bâtiments contre des chutes d'avion Active EP3510217B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017201915.8A DE102017201915A1 (de) 2017-02-07 2017-02-07 Schutzsystem zum Schutz von Gebäuden vor Flugzeugabstürzen
PCT/EP2018/052974 WO2018146104A1 (fr) 2017-02-07 2018-02-06 Système de protection permettant de protéger des bâtiments contre des chutes d'avion

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3510217A1 EP3510217A1 (fr) 2019-07-17
EP3510217B1 true EP3510217B1 (fr) 2020-09-09

Family

ID=61599092

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18709476.8A Active EP3510217B1 (fr) 2017-02-07 2018-02-06 Système de protection permettant de protéger des bâtiments contre des chutes d'avion

Country Status (7)

Country Link
US (1) US20190271170A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3510217B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP2020506312A (fr)
CA (1) CA3048763A1 (fr)
DE (1) DE102017201915A1 (fr)
RU (1) RU2019115830A (fr)
WO (1) WO2018146104A1 (fr)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IL271158B2 (en) * 2019-12-03 2024-04-01 Cohen Michael Composite shutter/mesh armor
CN113503774A (zh) * 2021-08-12 2021-10-15 姜立平 一种新型防弹装置

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DE2721870C2 (de) 1977-05-14 1983-03-24 Eberhard 7129 Güglingen Layher Vorrichtung zum Befestigen eines Metallrohrgerüstes mit vertikalen Rahmen an einem in einer Gebäudewand festgelegten Anker
US4211044A (en) * 1978-07-28 1980-07-08 Gugliotta Paul F Tube space frame system
DE3117417C2 (de) 1981-05-02 1986-04-24 T.O.R. Ingenieurgesellschaft Holthausen-Schimpff, 5000 Köln Vorrichtung zum Befestigen eines Bauteiles
US7530201B2 (en) * 2004-08-31 2009-05-12 Gossamer Space Frames Connection node for a universal truss joint and double layer grid
DE202005015904U1 (de) * 2005-10-07 2006-01-19 Hochtief Construction Ag Hochhaus mit einem Tragwerk
US8863448B2 (en) * 2008-08-29 2014-10-21 Werner Extrusion Solutions LLC Node, support frame, system and method
JP2011058257A (ja) * 2009-09-10 2011-03-24 Shimizu Corp 建造物の防護装置
DE102009044966A1 (de) 2009-09-24 2011-03-31 Robert Bosch Gmbh Vorrichtung und Verfahren zum adaptiven Abbau von Crashenergie
DE102010037202B4 (de) 2010-08-27 2016-02-25 Hochtief Construction Ag Bauwerk, insbesondere Bauwerk eines Kernkraftwerkes
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CN105971361A (zh) * 2016-05-06 2016-09-28 上海核工程研究设计院 一种波纹钢板-钢管防护装甲

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
US20190271170A1 (en) 2019-09-05
RU2019115830A (ru) 2021-03-09
WO2018146104A1 (fr) 2018-08-16
DE102017201915A1 (de) 2018-08-09
CA3048763A1 (fr) 2018-08-16
JP2020506312A (ja) 2020-02-27
EP3510217A1 (fr) 2019-07-17

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