EP3494638A1 - Amplificateur-séparateur - Google Patents

Amplificateur-séparateur

Info

Publication number
EP3494638A1
EP3494638A1 EP17754621.5A EP17754621A EP3494638A1 EP 3494638 A1 EP3494638 A1 EP 3494638A1 EP 17754621 A EP17754621 A EP 17754621A EP 3494638 A1 EP3494638 A1 EP 3494638A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
input
voltage
signal
control unit
circuit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17754621.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Inventor
Klaus Bachus
Harald ZANK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Knick Elektronische Messgeraete GmbH and Co KG
Original Assignee
Knick Elektronische Messgeraete GmbH and Co KG
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Knick Elektronische Messgeraete GmbH and Co KG filed Critical Knick Elektronische Messgeraete GmbH and Co KG
Publication of EP3494638A1 publication Critical patent/EP3494638A1/fr
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/38—DC amplifiers with modulator at input and demodulator at output; Modulators or demodulators specially adapted for use in such amplifiers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/38—DC amplifiers with modulator at input and demodulator at output; Modulators or demodulators specially adapted for use in such amplifiers
    • H03F3/387—DC amplifiers with modulator at input and demodulator at output; Modulators or demodulators specially adapted for use in such amplifiers with semiconductor devices only
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/18—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using inductive devices, e.g. transformers
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/20—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using galvano-magnetic devices, e.g. Hall-effect devices, i.e. measuring a magnetic field via the interaction between a current and a magnetic field, e.g. magneto resistive or Hall effect devices
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G01—MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01R—MEASURING ELECTRIC VARIABLES; MEASURING MAGNETIC VARIABLES
    • G01R15/00—Details of measuring arrangements of the types provided for in groups G01R17/00 - G01R29/00, G01R33/00 - G01R33/26 or G01R35/00
    • G01R15/14—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks
    • G01R15/22—Adaptations providing voltage or current isolation, e.g. for high-voltage or high-current networks using light-emitting devices, e.g. LED, optocouplers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F3/00—Amplifiers with only discharge tubes or only semiconductor devices as amplifying elements
    • H03F3/68—Combinations of amplifiers, e.g. multi-channel amplifiers for stereophonics
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03G—CONTROL OF AMPLIFICATION
    • H03G3/00—Gain control in amplifiers or frequency changers
    • H03G3/02—Manually-operated control
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/171—A filter circuit coupled to the output of an amplifier
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/228—A measuring circuit being coupled to the input of an amplifier
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/273—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the DC-isolation amplifier, e.g. chopper amplifier, modulation/demodulation amplifier, uses inductive isolation means, e.g. transformers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/276—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers the DC-isolation amplifier, e.g. chopper amplifier, modulation/demodulation amplifier, uses optical isolation means, e.g. optical couplers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H03—ELECTRONIC CIRCUITRY
    • H03F—AMPLIFIERS
    • H03F2200/00—Indexing scheme relating to amplifiers
    • H03F2200/375—Circuitry to compensate the offset being present in an amplifier

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a buffer amplifier with the features specified in the preamble of claim 1.
  • Such isolating amplifiers are also referred to inter alia as transducers or transducers.
  • buffer amplifiers serve, inter alia, for the detection and conditioning of analog measurement signals with potentials that are dangerous with respect to body currents when touched, in particular measuring signals with a high-voltage potential. Isolation amplifiers therefore convert the measurement signal, if necessary with conversion into auxiliary quantities, galvanically separated into the measurement signal representing output signals in analog or digital form, the output signals are usually close to the earth potential and lent at touch lent.
  • high voltage isolation amplifier includes all isolation amplifiers that are used for measurement signal transmission and conversion of contact hazard Chen measuring signals are suitable in contact with respect to non-contact output signals.
  • Prior art isolation amplifiers are often constructed according to the structure shown in FIG.
  • Each switching circuit 1, 2, 41 has at least one terminal in the form of the input 6, the output 15 and the primary power supply terminal 44, which is generally conductively connected to the associated circuit circuit.
  • FIG. 1 The potentials on which the circuit circuits 1, 2, 41 are located are determined by the potentials of the external signal circuits or external circuits connected to the associated terminals 6, 15 and 44.
  • the terminals 6, 15 and 44 are also referred to as ports, consequently, Figure 3 indicates a buffer amplifier with three mutually galvanically isolated ports.
  • the structure shows an input circuit 1 with at least the input 6 for measuring signals with input circuit potential, wherein in the input circuit 1 a coupling signal representing the measuring signal is generated and this coupling path signal is transmitted via an electrically isolating coupling path 3 to the output circuit located at output circuit potential 2.
  • the coupling path signal is returned to a signal. converts, which represents the measurement signal and which can be output via the at least one output 15.
  • the electrical energy required for the operation of all the electronic elements in the input circuit 1, output circuit 2 and the coupling path 3 is taken from the at least one primary power supply connection 44.
  • the primary power supply connection 44 which is at the primary circuit potential, supplies the electrical energy to a primary power supply circuit 41, which contains suitable electronic means for matching electrical energy via the electrically isolating coupling paths 42 and 43 respectively to the secondary power supply circuits 45 and 46 of the input and output circuits 1 and 2 to deliver.
  • isolation amplifier structures are known in which the number of coupling links is reduced. This can be done, for example, by eliminating galvanic isolation between primary power supply circuit 41 and output circuit 2. It then eliminates the coupling path 43 and instead there is a direct, electrically conductive connection between these circuits. Such an isolation amplifier then only has two galvanically separated ports.
  • the coupling path 42 can be omitted if via a suitable coupling path 3, for example a transformer, both electrical energy from the output circuit 2 to the input circuit 1, as well as over the same coupling path 3 a Measuring signal representing coupling path signal from the input circuit 1 to the output circuit 2 are transmitted, for example, represented by the electric current.
  • a suitable coupling path 3 for example a transformer
  • a continuous isolation barrier in general by as complete as possible encapsulation, for example by a suitable for this purpose buffer amplifier housing and / or possibly by casting a whole isolation amplifier or at least by a casting of such circuit sections which are galvanically connected to the high voltage potential , to realize.
  • An encapsulation is used in particular when the measurement signals have particularly high voltages or potentials.
  • other forms of insulation coatings such as suitable paints, resins or spray coatings and encapsulation are possible.
  • a potential-separating coupling path can operate by means of inductive, capacitive, optical, electromechanical or electromagnetic coupling or a combination thereof, depending on the selected type of coupling path. Electromechanically operating coupling paths fall e.g. even those that use the piezoelectric effect.
  • the signal to be transmitted over the coupling path or also the electrical energy to be transmitted is optionally converted into a signal which is referred to below generally as a coupling path signal.
  • the coupling path signal thus contains the term "signal" regardless of whether this is a signal, for example, for imaging a measuring signal and / or a signal for transmitting electrical energy.
  • the coupling path signal is suitable for transmitting via the respective type of galvanically isolating coupling path and possibly to be converted back into such a signal, with which the desired further processing is possible.
  • transformers are preferably used for coupling paths which are (also) intended for the transmission of electrical energy.
  • the electrical energy of a primary power supply circuit can be converted into a suitable alternating signal by well-known power supply topologies and galvanically separated, for example, with a trained as a transformer coupling path and then converted, for example by means of a rectifier circuit in a DC signal to the power supply of the input circuit and the output circuit.
  • the following explanations of possible coupling path signals which can also map measurement signals, apply regardless of the time course and the polarity of an input signal applied to the input of the isolation amplifier (measurement signal).
  • a coupling path signal can be an alternating signal, which is suitable, for example, particularly for capacitive and inductive coupling paths.
  • An alternating signal may be an alternating voltage or an alternating current or else a pulsating direct voltage or a pulsating direct current.
  • Alternating signals can be analog imaging and / or contain digital encodings, they can be pulse, pulse width, frequency, phase, amplitude and digitally modulated signals or combinations thereof, further modulation types are possible.
  • high-voltage side elements for device conditioning such as for the adjustment of gain, offset and frequency bandwidth before encapsulation, for example, encapsulation by encapsulation, aligned.
  • a changeover during operation or a subsequent adjustment of a fully encapsulated device is then no longer possible without weakening the insulation or possibly even without damaging the insulation.
  • a weakening of the insulation can already be the opening of a flap covering the input elements or the removal of a cover or a housing part of a suitably designed housing which is suitable for covering such input elements. This is especially true for multi-range devices according to the prior art.
  • input elements may comprise both operator control elements and also an adjustment / configuration / programming interface or another interface for influencing isolating amplifier functions or isolating amplifier parameters.
  • areas of the input circuit may be excluded from encapsulation, e.g. in order to keep mechanically operated controls from a potting.
  • an input circuit is at high voltage potential with an input for a measurement signal to be transmitted.
  • an input circuit for providing a measurement signal representing the coupling path signal and an input circuit side control unit for influencing the input circuit provided.
  • the measuring signal is transmitted as a coupling path signal via a galvanically isolating coupling path to a potential-isolated output circuit to low-voltage potential.
  • the latter has an output circuit for generating an output signal representing the measurement signal from the transmitted link signal, an output for the output signal and a low-voltage-side unit for controlling the output circuit.
  • This known multi-range device measures and converts measuring voltages up to 3600 V DC, with its insulation designed for working voltages in AC / DC up to this height.
  • the measuring ranges of the device are selected by means of a rotary coding switch, which is located electrically on the high voltage side of the isolation amplifier. Therefore, special design measures, such as an extension of the plastic axis of Drehcodierschalters necessary so that the operating knob of Drehcodierschalters is safe to touch in the sense of protection against dangerous body currents.
  • An adjustment of such an isolation amplifier at high input voltages is very complicated because of the input side arranged configuration and adjustment interface. There are high demands on the insulation of testing and balancing devices.
  • the primary power supply circuit 41 can be a suitable circuit arrangement for input elements in the case of an isolation amplifier according to FIG. 3, provided that the primary power supply connection 44 has only suitable, generally near-earth potentials, ie has only low-voltage potential.
  • the invention has the object, a high-voltage isolation amplifier so that without loss of insulation properties, ie in particular while maintaining a possible full encapsulation of the device on the high-voltage side, a switching / V creation of input-side control elements for Signal conditioning, such as gain, offset, frequency bandwidth and the like, and / or a subsequent calibration / adjustment are enabled.
  • a galvanically separated control channel is provided for transmitting the parameters which are intended for the high-voltage side control unit and which can be input via the low-voltage-side input elements in order to influence the input circuit.
  • the construction of fully encapsulated multi-range devices is possible, which can also be subsequently adjusted, so for example, in an already cast high-voltage side, calibrated and calibrated.
  • Such retro-balancing may e.g. be required in the context of recurrent calibrations, in particular if the high-voltage isolation amplifier is used in energy-counting devices.
  • the devices can be fully pre-fabricated mechanically and electrically, including insulation encapsulation, and on demand according to variable specifications, for example due to different Customer requirements, adjusted and parameterized.
  • the galvanically separated control channel for transmitting the parameters determined for the high-voltage side control unit can preferably be formed by a separate, electrically isolating coupling path, which is thus provided in addition to a galvanically isolating coupling path transmitting the measuring signal or in addition to a coupling path transmitting energy.
  • An alternative for the galvanically separated control channel for transmitting the parameters intended for the high-voltage side control unit for controlling the input circuit may also be the use of a bidirectionally operable coupling path.
  • the galvanically separated control channel for transmitting the parameters determined for the high-voltage side control unit for controlling the input circuit can also be replaced by a multiply usable headset.
  • PEL path for the potential-free transmission of electrical energy from the primary power supply circuit to the input circuit can be realized.
  • transformers or optocouplers can also be used reliably in a proven manner.
  • low-voltage side input elements may be manually operated controls, such as rotary encoders, DIP switches, potentiometers, etc., with the aid of which setting parameters for both the input and output components of the device can be entered.
  • these low-voltage-side input elements can also be formed by corresponding interfaces, for example digital connections, for inputting configuration and / or adjustment parameters.
  • the high-voltage side control unit can be connected to various actuators, such as an input network associated actuator for switching to input side current or voltage signal and / or the preamplifier associated actuators to adjust its gain and / or offset.
  • the output-side control unit can advantageously be connected to an actuator associated with the signal filter unit for switching over the filter cutoff frequency and / or an actuator assigned to the final stage for switching to the output-side current or voltage signal.
  • a certain influence on gain and offset and the like can also take place on the output side of the isolation amplifier according to the invention.
  • FIG. 1 is a block diagram of a high-voltage isolation amplifier according to the invention in a first preferred embodiment, wherein the entire power supply is not shown here,
  • Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a high voltage isolation amplifier according to the invention in a second preferred embodiment with a primary power supply circuit, and
  • the input circuit 1 has an input 6 at high voltage potential, to which, for example, a voltage signal Ui in the high-voltage range can be given as the size to be measured.
  • an input circuit designated as a whole by 7 Connected downstream of the input 6 is an input circuit designated as a whole by 7, which has an input network 8 with a switchable current and voltage input, a preamplifier 9 for the measurement signal Ui processed in the input network 8, and a modulator 10 for providing the signal to be transmitted Koppelglensignals, for example in the form of a measuring signal Ui representing AC voltage or AC current or a pulsating DC voltage or pulsating DC current having.
  • the output circuit 2 in turn has an output circuit 1 1 connected downstream of the coupling path 3 with a demodulator 12 receiving the transmitted coupling path signal for reconverting the coupling path signal, a signal filter unit 13 connected downstream of the demodulator 12, for example in the form of a low pass with cutoff frequency switching, and one of the signal filter unit 13 downstream power amplifier 14 on. From this, depending on the setting for output current or output voltage at an output 15 of the output circuit 2, for example, a representative of the input side voltage signal Ui 4 ... 20 mA standard signal I a output, more common standard signals and custom signals are possible as an output signal.
  • the Output of digital signals, which represent the input-side voltage signal Ui is possible in a further embodiment.
  • a high-voltage-side control unit 19 is provided in the form of a logic-signal-processing integrated circuit, for example a micro-controller, which is connected via control lines 20, 21, 22 to the actuators 16, 17 , 18 is connected.
  • a logic-signal-processing integrated circuit for example a micro-controller
  • corresponding analog or digital actuating signals are applied to the actuators 16, 17, 18 by the control unit in order to carry out the desired settings on the input network 8 or preamplifier 9.
  • the corresponding parameters for controlling the input circuit 7 via the control unit 19 are not high voltage side, but input low-voltage side in the output circuit 2, where in the output circuit 2 also a control unit 23 in the form of a logic signals processing integrated circuit, such as a
  • the control unit 23 is required in particular for generating the control signals for the control channel SK or SK '.
  • the control unit 23 can also be used in addition to control the output circuit 1 1.
  • This control unit 23 is in this sem case via control lines 24, 25 with corresponding actuators 26, 27 connected to the signal filter unit 13 and to the output stage 14.
  • the actuator 26 is used to switch the cutoff frequency of the Signalfilterein- unit 13, while the actuator 27 is used to switch the output between see current and voltage signal.
  • a mechanical, manually operable adjusting element 28 in the form of a rotary coding switch e.g. for the switching of the input and possibly output signal characteristics.
  • an interface 29 for instance in the form of a digital data interface, is provided, with which configuration and adjustment data, e.g. for the adjustment of the gain and the offset at the preamplifier 9 and possibly the setting of the cutoff frequency can be input to the signal filter unit 13.
  • the relevant for the high-voltage side setting parameters are prepared according to Figure 1 in the output-side control unit 23 and transmitted via a galvanically isolated control channel SK in the form of a provided between output circuit 2 and input circuit 1, second electrically isolating coupling path 30 to the high-voltage side control unit 19, where implemented according to the actuators 16, 17, 18 passed.
  • the second coupling path 30 may again be formed analogous to the first coupling path 3 by a transformer 31 or an opto-coupler 32 or for example by a capacitive transducer or other types of coupling links, as already enumerated above.
  • a galvanically separated control channel SK 'for transmitting the relevant parameters for the high voltage side of the output-side control unit 23 to the input-side control unit 19, omitting the second coupling path 30 through the then bidirectionally operating coupling path 3 may be formed.
  • FIG. 2 shows a further embodiment of a buffer amplifier according to the invention which is useful in special applications, wherein only the parts which differ from the buffer amplifier shown in FIG. 1 or are not illustrated in FIG. 1 are described here.
  • FIG. 2 shows the power supply of the buffer amplifier according to the already known and explained structure of FIG. 3.
  • the primary power supply circuit 41 which has a low-voltage potential, contains an adaptation circuit 47 for adapting the electrical energy reaching the primary power supply connection 44 to the Primary power supply subcircuit 49.
  • the primary power supply subcircuit 49 generates the transmission path signals suitable for energy transmission for the two electrically isolating coupling paths 42, 43 and is also suitably designed to provide a dashed line control channel SK "in the link signals for controlling the control units 19 and optionally 23 required information of the control channel SK "are thereby applied by the primary power supply circuit 41.
  • controller 48 which in turn receives control signals via the input elements 28, 29, which are also arranged in the primary power supply circuit 41.
  • the control device 48 can be realized in the form of a logic-signal-processing integrated circuit, for example a micro-controller.
  • the decoupling circuits can be used as Demodulator act and generate the suitable for further processing in the control units 19 and 23.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Power Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Amplifiers (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un amplificateur-séparateur comprenant un ensemble circuit d'entrée (1) à potentiel haute tension qui présente une entrée (6) pour un signal de mesure à transmettre, un circuit d'entrée (7) pour la mise à disposition d'un signal de trajet de couplage représentant le signal de mesure et une unité de commande (19) côté haute tension, destinée à commander le circuit d'entrée (7), un trajet de couplage (3) à séparation galvanique pour assurer la transmission exempte de potentiel du signal de trajet de couplage à un ensemble circuit de sortie (2) à potentiel basse pression (11) pour produire un signal de sortie à partir du signal de trajet de couplage transmis, une sortie (15) pour le signal de sortie et au moins une unité de commande (23, 48) côté basse tension, destinée à produire des signaux de commande, des éléments de saisie (28, 29) pour entrer des instructions et/ou des paramètres de commande dans l'unité de commande (19) côté haute tension, un ensemble, côté basse pression, de tous les éléments de saisie (28, 29), y compris les éléments de saisie (28, 29) destinés au paramétrage de l'unité de commande (19) côté haute tension, exclusivement dans un circuit basse tension (2, 41) ainsi qu'un canal de commande (SK; SK'; SK'') à séparation galvanique pour assurer la transmission des paramètres, définis pour l'unité de commande côté haute tension (19) et entrés par l'intermédiaire des éléments de saisie (28, 29) côté basse tension, à l'unité de commande côté haute tension (19), ledit canal de commande pouvant se présenter sous forme de second trajet de couplage.
EP17754621.5A 2016-08-02 2017-07-28 Amplificateur-séparateur Withdrawn EP3494638A1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016214263.1A DE102016214263A1 (de) 2016-08-02 2016-08-02 Trennverstärker
PCT/EP2017/069160 WO2018024631A1 (fr) 2016-08-02 2017-07-28 Amplificateur-séparateur

Publications (1)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3494638A1 true EP3494638A1 (fr) 2019-06-12

Family

ID=59677183

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17754621.5A Withdrawn EP3494638A1 (fr) 2016-08-02 2017-07-28 Amplificateur-séparateur

Country Status (5)

Country Link
US (1) US10771026B2 (fr)
EP (1) EP3494638A1 (fr)
CN (1) CN109565264B (fr)
DE (1) DE102016214263A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2018024631A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US10911006B2 (en) * 2019-03-15 2021-02-02 Littelfuse, Inc. Linear isolation amplifier and method for self-calibration thereof
DE102020004078A1 (de) 2020-07-07 2022-01-13 Diehl Metering Systems Gmbh Elektrische Schaltungsanordnung und Messeinrichtung
DE102021209365A1 (de) 2021-08-26 2023-03-02 Knick Elektronische Messgeräte GmbH & Co. KG Impulssignalvervielfacher zur Bereitstellung eines sekundären Impulssignals aus einem primären Impulssignal eines Impulssignalgebers

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN109565264A (zh) 2019-04-02
WO2018024631A1 (fr) 2018-02-08
CN109565264B (zh) 2023-12-05
US20190190470A1 (en) 2019-06-20
DE102016214263A1 (de) 2018-02-08
US10771026B2 (en) 2020-09-08

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