EP3494556A1

EP3494556A1 - Intrusion detection pane assembly

Info

Publication number: EP3494556A1
Application number: EP17749657.7A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Christian EFFERTZ; Guillaume Francois; Stefan Droste; Klaus SCHMALBUCH; Ariane WEISSLER; Hans-Werner Kuster
Original assignee: Saint Gobain Glass France SAS; Compagnie de Saint Gobain SA
Current assignee: Saint Gobain Glass France SAS
Priority date: 2016-08-02
Filing date: 2017-07-26
Publication date: 2019-06-12
Also published as: US20190146019A1; BR112018072275A2; WO2018024564A1; KR20190037281A; CN109564714A; JP2019532381A; US10557877B2

Abstract

The present invention relates to an intrusion detection pane assembly (10, 10') which comprises: - at least one first pane (1) which consists of tempered glass and has an outer surface (I) and an inner surface (II), - at least one transparent, electrically conductive coating (3) which is applied to the inner surface (II) of the first pane (1), and - a sensor unit (20) having a transmitting unit (20.1), an antenna (21) and an evaluation unit (20.2), the transmitting unit (20.1) transmitting at least one high-frequency voltage signal of a frequency f of 0.1 GHz to 6 GHz to the antenna (21) and the antenna (21) emitting electromagnetic radiation of the frequency f, and the evaluation unit (20.2) measuring the impedance matching of the transmitting unit (20.1) to the antenna (21). The antenna (21) is electromagnetically coupled to the transparent, electrically conductive coating (3) and the sensor unit (20) outputs an alarm signal if the measured impedance matching deviates from a comparison value.

Description

Alarm disc assembly

The invention relates to an alarm disk arrangement, in particular for insulating glazing, with a transparent, electrically conductive coating and a sensor unit for measuring the impedance matching. Furthermore, the invention relates to a method for operating the alarm disk arrangement.

In order to detect the breakage of a disc, for example in the event of burglary or other damage, so-called alarm discs are used. These alarm discs are usually part of an insulated or multiple glazing. In this case, there is usually at least one disc made of toughened tempered safety glass (ESG). If damaged, the tempered glass breaks over its entire surface into small fragments.

On alarm discs usually a conductor loop is arranged, the resistance of which is measured by evaluation electronics, as known for example from EP 0 058 348 A2. If the alarm disk breaks, the conductor loop is also destroyed and a resistance change is measured. The transmitter issues an alarm signal in this case. Such conductor loops are visually less attractive, expensive to manufacture and difficult to contact.

Furthermore, alarm discs are known which have a transparent, electrically conductive coating, for example from DE 197 54 295 A1 or DE 198 60 872 A1. Again, the detection of a disc break on the measurement of resistors, so that when a change in resistance of the transparent, electrically conductive coating an alarm signal is output.

The object of the present invention is now to provide an improved alarm disk assembly which is simple and inexpensive to manufacture and which is less visually visible. In addition, the alarm disc assembly according to the invention is suitable to be produced in a retrofit method with existing discs. The object of the present invention is achieved by an alarm disk arrangement according to the independent claim 1. Preferred embodiments will become apparent from the dependent claims.

The alarm disk arrangement according to the invention comprises at least:

at least one first pane, which consists of toughened glass, with an outside surface (I) and an inside surface (II),

at least one transparent, electrically conductive coating, which is arranged on the inside surface (II) of the first pane and a sensor unit with a transmitting unit, an antenna and an evaluation unit, wherein the transmitting unit is a high-frequency voltage signal with a frequency f of 0.1 GHz 6 GHz to the antenna and the antenna radiates electromagnetic radiation of frequency f and the evaluation unit measures the impedance matching of the transmitting unit to the antenna, the antenna is electromagnetically coupled to the transparent, electrically conductive coating, and the sensor unit in case of deviations of the measured impedance matching outputs an alarm signal from a comparison value.

The invention is based on the recognition that many disks and in particular insulating glass panes have transparent coatings with a good electrical conductivity. These transparent, electrically conductive coatings have a variety of tasks: for example, to reflect infrared radiation or low-E properties. The alarm disc assembly according to the invention comprises a sensor unit which monitors the integrity of the disc with a sensor without contact and outputs an alarm signal when the disc breaks. The non-contact monitoring eliminates a complex contacting of the transparent, electrically conductive coating. Such contacts are usually soldered and highly susceptible to aging, since the contact resistance at the soldering changes by aging processes. In the monitoring method presented here, this is not a problem since the direct electrical contacting of the transparent, electrically conductive coating is eliminated. Since an already existing transparent, electrically conductive coating can be used, a separate production step is omitted, for example for Imprinting an electrical conductor loop. The transparent, electrically conductive coating is hardly visible visually and therefore very aesthetic. It may, for example, also have antireflective properties and improve the transparency through the glass. All this was unexpected and surprising to the inventors.

An alarm disk arrangement according to the invention comprises at least one first disk with an outside surface (I) and an inside surface (II). The first pane usually serves to separate an exterior space from an interior, for example a building, a showcase or a vehicle. In this case, the outside surface (I) to the outside, ie to the outside, and the inside surface (II) to the inside, ie inside.

In the case of using the alarm disc assembly to protect an interior from theft or damage, the outside surface (I) would be the so-called attack side of which usually intrusion occurs. In this case, the inside surface (II) would be protected against manipulation with the inductive sensor and the sensor unit, since they would be accessible only after breaking and removing the first disc.

In the case of the alarm disk arrangement to break monitoring, for example in a vehicle such as a train or an aircraft, the inside surface (II) may also be exposed to potential attacks, such as destruction with an emergency hammer in case of danger. In this case, no deliberate manipulation of the sensor unit is assumed.

In an advantageous development of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the first disk has only electrically conductive elements or coatings which are transparent.

In a further advantageous development of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the first disk has no further electrically conductive elements except the transparent, electrically conductive coating or further transparent, electrically conductive coating. The feature elements here includes all electrical conductors and in particular printed or glued metallic conductors such as wires or metal foils. It is understood that the outside surface (I) of the first pane can also have a further coating, for example a further transparent, electrically conductive coating. In an advantageous embodiment of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the sensitivity of the sensor can be selected so that only the integrity of the transparent, electrically conductive coating on the inside surface (II) of the first disc is monitored, or in addition the integrity of the other transparent, electrically conductive coating is monitored on the outside surface (I) of the first disc with.

In an advantageous embodiment of an alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the transparent, electrically conductive coating is connected to the first pane in such a way that if the first pane breaks, the transparent, electrically conductive coating is damaged. For this purpose, the transparent, electrically conductive coating is preferably deposited directly on the inside surface (II) of the first pane, particularly preferably as a thin-film stack. Particularly suitable methods are sputtering ((magnetron) sputtering), chemical vapor deposition (CVD) and / or thermal evaporation. This is particularly advantageous in order to enable reliable detection of a fracture of the first disk.

The detection of a rupture of the first disc, or the associated damage to the transparent, electrically conductive coating, takes place via a sensor unit with an antenna. The antenna emits electromagnetic radiation at a frequency f. For this purpose, the sensor unit contains a transmitting unit, an antenna and an evaluation unit, wherein the transmitting unit forwards a high-frequency voltage signal with a frequency f to the antenna, the antenna emits electromagnetic radiation of the frequency f and the evaluation unit measures the impedance matching of the antenna to the transmitting unit.

The frequency f is a specific frequency, a plurality of specific frequencies, a frequency band or a plurality of frequency bands or a combination thereof, wherein the frequency f is selected from the range of 0.1 GHz to 6 GHz, preferably from 0.4 GHz to 3 GHz and in particular from 0.8 GHz to 3 GHz. The invention is based on the principle that the antenna is coupled to the transparent, electrically conductive coating and in particular electromagnetically coupled, and the sensor unit in case of deviations of the measured impedance matching of the transmitting unit and the antenna and in particular the antenna with it, electromagnetically coupled transparent, electrically conductive Coating, outputs an alarm signal from a comparison value.

The measured impedance matching of the transmitting unit to the arrangement of antenna, first pane and transparent, electrically conductive coating on the first pane can be determined by any suitable measuring method.

The impedance matching can advantageously be measured via the standing wave ratio (SWR) between the amplitude of the signal V sent to the antenna and the signal R reflected by the antenna. The VSWR is defined by: SWR = (V + R) / (V-R).

The amplitudes of the signal can be measured, for example, as a voltage and reproduce the voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR).

Without reflection (R = 0) the standing wave ratio is 1, with complete reflection (R = V) it is infinite. This means that at a high VSWR the signal sent to the antenna is reflected back and only a small signal is emitted from the antenna. At a VSWR of 1, on the other hand, the full signal is radiated from the antenna. Suitable electronic circuits for measuring the standing wave ratio are well known to those skilled in the art, for example, by a maxim integrated integrated circuit "LF-t.o-2.5GHz Dual Logarithmic Detector / Controller for Power, Gain, and VSWR Measurements" (MAX2016).

In a high frequency transmission system, such as the antenna interacts with the transparent, electrically conductive coating, the VSWR is a measure of how well the RF signal can be radiated from the antenna. In an advantageous embodiment of an alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the sensor unit emits an alarm signal signal when the measured voltage standing wave ratio deviates from the comparison value of more than 1.5: 1, preferably more than 2: 1.

Alternatively, the impedance matching may advantageously be measured via the SU parameter of the sender unit and antenna connected thereto. In a high frequency transmission system, such as the antenna interacts with the transparent, electrically conductive coating, the SU parameter is a measure of how well the radio frequency signal can be radiated from the antenna.

In an advantageous embodiment of an alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the sensor unit outputs an alarm signal signal if the measured S1 1 parameter deviates from the comparison value of more than one decibel (1 dB), preferably more than 1.5 dB.

As investigations by the inventors have shown, the impedance matching of the transmitting unit to the arrangement of antenna, first pane and transparent, electrically conductive coating is very sensitively dependent on the arrangement and the integrity of the transparent, electrically conductive coating. In case of a breakage of the first disk and a concomitant damage to the transparent, electrically conductive coating, a large detuning of the impedance matching takes place. That is, the measured impedance signal changes greatly. The impedance matching is thus a good and sensitive indicator for measuring the integrity of the first disc and the entire alarm disc assembly and detecting attempts to break in or tamper with.

If the first disk is damaged in one area, the first disk breaks due to its bias in a large number of small fragments over the entire first disc away. The associated damage to the transparent, electrically conductive coating can be detected by the alarm disk arrangement with high accuracy and security. A substitution of the transparent, electrically conductive coating by attaching a metal foil or a metal plate, for example of aluminum or copper at the position of the electrically conductive coating can with high accuracy and Safety can be distinguished from the intact transparent, electrically conductive coating. The alarm disk arrangement according to the invention is very well suited for the detection of damage, break-in attempts or other manipulation attempts.

It is understood that in an advantageous embodiment of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the antenna is electrically isolated from the transparent, electrically conductive coating.

In an advantageous embodiment of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the distance a between the antenna and the transparent, electrically conductive coating is from 0.1 mm to 20 mm, preferably from 0.2 mm to 10 mm and in particular from 0.5 mm to 5 mm.

As the antenna, all known to the expert, suitable antennas are used. For example, simple line antennas, loop antennas, planar antennas, monopole antennas and / or dipole antennas are advantageous. Particularly suitable are line antennas as a monopole antenna with a length b of 10 mm to 100 mm and a width of 0.5 mm to 5 mm, since they are visually inconspicuous and easy to integrate.

The first disc is made of toughened glass. In an advantageous embodiment of the first disc, it is pretensioned in such a way that, when the first disc breaks, the fragments are smaller than a detection range of the antenna. If the fragments are smaller, for example because they have a smaller area than the detection area or a smaller maximum diameter than the detection area, it is ensured that at least one break line lies in the detection area of the sensor, which enables a reliable detection of a fracture of the first pane.

In an advantageous embodiment of an alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the antenna has a length b and the detection range of the antenna comprises at least one circle with a diameter d of more than 0.5 ^* b, preferably more than 1 ^* b, particularly preferably more than 3 ^* b and in particular from 0.5 ^* b to 3 ^* b, wherein the circle center MK by orthogonal projection of the center of the antenna MA on the inside Surface (II) of the first disc is defined. For nonlinear antennas, the length b is defined by the maximum dimension of the longest dimension.

In an advantageous embodiment of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the sensor unit is arranged on the inside of the first disk, ie on the side which is defined by the inside surface (II) of the first disk. This is particularly advantageous in order to protect the sensor unit from damage and tampering attempts from the attack side, ie from the side of the first disc, which is defined by the outside surface (I).

The sensor unit according to the invention may comprise further electronic components in addition to the antenna and the evaluation unit. Advantageously, the sensor unit comprises a comparator which compares the signal of the evaluation unit with a comparison or threshold value and outputs an alarm signal in the case of a corresponding deviation from the reference value. The alarm signal can be supplied via an output stage of a further signal processing.

In an advantageous embodiment of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the sensor unit has an alarm transmission unit, preferably a radio alarm transmission unit with a radio signal whose frequency is in the range from 100 kHz to 100 GHz. The radio alarm transmission unit is particularly preferably a Bluetooth transmitter or a WLAN transmitter. Alternatively, the alarm sending unit may also be an infrared transmitter. The alarm transmission unit is used for communication with a receiver and in particular for emitting an alarm signal when the sensor unit detects a breakage of the disk. The integration of an alarm transmission unit has the particular advantage that the sensor unit requires no external supply lines for passing on the alarm signal and thereby a very simple, inexpensive and location-independent installation is possible. Furthermore, eliminates a possibility of manipulation of the sensor unit, whereby the security is increased. This is particularly advantageous for the use or retrofitting of the sensor unit in an insulating glass unit, which is usually completed to the outside. It will be understood that other data may also be sent via the alarm sending unit, such as a functional status of the sensor unit, a battery or battery state of charge, or other characteristics provided by other sensors, such as temperature or pressure. In a further advantageous embodiment of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the receiver communicating with the alarm transmission unit is arranged on the same side of the first disk as the alarm transmission unit and the antenna, namely on the inside of the first disk. This is in the case of using the alarm disc assembly to protect an interior from theft or damage particularly advantageous because sensor unit, alarm sending unit and receiver protected from damage and manipulation and would be accessible only after breaking the first disc. In the case of the alarm disk arrangement for breakage monitoring, for example in a vehicle such as a train or an airplane, the receiver can be arranged on any side of the first disk, provided the first disk with the transparent, electrically conductive coating or its surroundings for the signal of the transmitter is sufficiently permeable.

In an advantageous embodiment of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the sensor unit contains a power supply, preferably a battery, an accumulator, a supercapacitor, a thermoelectric generator and / or a solar cell. The sensor unit advantageously contains no supply lines to an external power supply, but is energy self-sufficient. Alternatively, the power supply can be done or supplemented by continuous or discontinuous charging via, for example, an inductive charging device. This has the particular advantage that the sensor unit requires no external leads and thus a very simple, inexpensive and location-independent installation is possible. Furthermore, eliminates a possibility of manipulation of the sensor unit, whereby the security is increased. This is particularly advantageous for the use or retrofitting of the sensor unit in an insulating glass unit, which is usually completed to the outside.

The alarm disc arrangement according to the invention can be used as a single disc or be part of a multi-pane glazing, for example part of an insulating glazing, double-glazing, triple-glazed glazing,

Fire-resistant glazing or safety glazing with composite panes.

In an advantageous embodiment of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the first disk is provided with at least one spacer via at least one spacer, preferably a spacer which completely surrounds the edge of the disk another disc is connected. The spacer is located between the first disc and the other disc and is preferably fixed by a bond between spacers and discs. The spacer preferably comprises at least one hollow base body with at least two parallel wheel contact walls, an outer wall with a gas-tight insulation layer and a glazing inner wall.

As the main body all known in the prior art hollow body profiles are independent of their material composition used. By way of example, polymeric or metallic basic bodies are mentioned here.

Polymeric base bodies preferably contain polyethylene (PE), polycarbonates (PC), polypropylene (PP), polystyrene, polybutadiene, polynitriles, polyesters, polyurethanes, polymethylmethacrylates, polyacrylates, polyamides, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), particularly preferably acrylonitrile Butadiene-styrene (ABS), acrylic ester-styrene-acrylonitrile (ASA), acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene - polycarbonate (ABS / PC), styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN), PET / PC, PBT / PC and / or copolymers or blends thereof , Polymeric base bodies may optionally also contain other constituents, such as glass fibers. The polymeric materials used are usually gas-permeable, so that if this permeability is not desired further measures must be taken.

Metallic bodies are preferably made of aluminum or stainless steel and preferably have no gas permeability.

The walls of the body are gas-permeable in an advantageous embodiment. Areas of the body in which such a permeability is not desired, for example, be sealed with a gas-tight insulation layer. Particularly polymeric base bodies are used in combination with such a gas-tight insulation layer.

The main body preferably has a hollow chamber which contains a desiccant, preferably silica gel, CaCl ₂ , Na ₂ SO ₄ , activated carbon, silicates, bentonites, zeolites and / or mixtures thereof, particularly preferably molecular sieves. This allows absorption of atmospheric moisture by the desiccant and thus prevents fogging of the discs and in particular of the inductive sensor. The outer gap between the first disc, another disc and spacer is preferably sealed by at least one sealant to the disc outer space. The sealant preferably contains organic polysulfides, silicones, RTV (space-temperature-curing) silicone rubber, HTV (high-temperature curing) silicone rubber, peroxide-crosslinking

Silicone rubber and / or addition-crosslinked silicone rubber, polyurethanes, butyl rubber and / or polyacrylates. In an optional embodiment, additives for increasing the aging resistance, for example UV stabilizers, may also be present.

In an advantageous embodiment of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the first disk is connected via a spacer to a second disk and forms an insulating glass pane with double-glazing.

In a particularly advantageous embodiment, the first disc is connected via its inner surface (II) via the spacer with the second disc.

In a further particularly advantageous embodiment, the sensor unit is arranged in a gap between the first disc and the second disc. This has the particular advantage that the sensor and the sensor unit is particularly well protected against external influences such as moisture and dust, but also against manipulation and damage.

In an arrangement comprising a first disk and a second disk, the antenna is advantageously not located exactly in the middle between the disks, but closer to the first disk to be monitored, which has the transparent, electrically conductive coating. It is understood that in this arrangement, both discs can have a transparent, electrically conductive coating that can be monitored by a common antenna or two antennas.

The first disc or the second disc can be connected via a further spacer with another third disc and thus form an insulating glass pane with triple-glazing. In an advantageous embodiment of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the first pane consists of flat glass, float glass, soda-lime glass, quartz glass, or borosilicate glass.

The first pane is prestressed, preferably in accordance with DIN 12150-1: Glass in construction - thermally toughened soda lime silicate safety glass - Part 1: Definition and description, particularly preferably with a surface compressive stress of more than 100 N / mm ² and in particular of 100 N / mm ² to 150 N / mm ² . Due to the bias, the first disc shatters in damage preferably in blunt-edged fragments with sizes of less than 1 cm ² .

The second, third or further pane preferably contains glass, particularly preferably flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, soda-lime glass, or clear plastics, preferably rigid clear plastics, in particular polyethylene, polypropylene, polycarbonate, polymethyl methacrylate, polystyrene, polyamide, polyester , Polyvinyl chloride and / or mixtures thereof. Suitable glasses are known, for example, from EP 0 847 965 B1.

The thickness of the first, second, third or further disc can vary widely and so perfectly adapted to the requirements of the case. It is preferred to use disks with the standard thicknesses of 1.0 mm to 50 mm and preferably of 3 mm to 16 mm. The size of the disc can vary widely and depends on the size of the use according to the invention.

In an advantageous embodiment of the invention, the first disk has dielectric properties and a relative permittivity of 6 to 8 and in particular of about 7.

The discs may have any three-dimensional shape. Preferably, the three-dimensional shape has no shadow zones, so that it can be coated, for example, by sputtering. Preferably, the disks are planar or slightly or strongly bent in one direction or in several directions of the space. The discs can be colorless or colored. In a preferred embodiment of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the first pane is connected over its outside surface (I) and at least one intermediate layer, preferably a thermoplastic intermediate layer, to a composite pane with a second pane. The second disk can in turn be connected in area with another third disk via a further intermediate layer. The second and / or the third disc preferably contains a plastic. Such composite discs are particularly breakthrough stable against external intrusion, so that it is possible to achieve high security classes. The discs of the composite disc are connected to each other by at least one intermediate layer. The intermediate layer preferably contains a thermoplastic such as polyvinyl butyral (PVB), ethylene vinyl acetate (EVA), polyurethane (PU), polyethylene terephthalate (PET) or multiple layers thereof, preferably with thicknesses of 0.3 mm to 0.9 mm.

In an advantageous embodiment of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the transparent, electrically conductive coating is arranged at least 70%, preferably 80% to 100% and particularly preferably 98% to 100% of the viewing surface of the first pane. The see-through area is the area of the first pane, where the view is not prevented by the frame, spacers or other attachments.

In an alternative advantageous embodiment of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the transparent, electrically conductive coating is arranged at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably from 80% to 100% and in particular 95% to 99% of the area of the inside surface of the first pane. In particular, a narrow, peripheral edge region of the first pane can be free from coatings in order to avoid edge-penetrating corrosion of the transparent, electrically conductive coating.

In an advantageous development of the alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, the transparent, electrically conductive coating has the entire surface and has no recesses or coating-free areas.

The transparent, electrically conductive coating according to the invention is for electromagnetic radiation, preferably electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength of 300 to 1 .300 nm, in particular for visible light of 390 nm to 780 nm, permeable. "Permeable" means that the overall transmission of the disk is permeable to> 70% and especially> 75%, preferably for visible light, and for certain applications a lower transmission may be desired, for which "transmissive" may also mean 10% to 70% light transmission , Such applications are, for example, glazing for the protection of objects that should not be exposed to large amounts of light, for example paintings or textiles.

The transparent, electrically conductive coating is preferably a functional coating, particularly preferably a functional coating having a sunscreening effect. A coating with a sunscreen effect has reflective properties in the infrared range and thus in the range of solar radiation. As a result, a heating of the interior of a vehicle or building due to solar radiation is advantageously reduced. Such coatings are known to the person skilled in the art and typically contain at least one metal, in particular silver or a silver-containing alloy. The transparent, electrically conductive coating may comprise a sequence of a plurality of individual layers, in particular at least one metallic layer and dielectric layers containing, for example, at least one metal oxide. The metal oxide preferably contains zinc oxide, tin oxide, indium oxide, titanium oxide, silicon oxide, aluminum oxide or the like and combinations of one or more thereof. The dielectric material may also include silicon nitride, silicon carbide or aluminum nitride.

This layer construction is generally obtained by a series of deposition processes performed by a vacuum process such as magnetic field assisted sputtering. On both sides of the silver layer, it is also possible to provide very fine metal layers, which in particular contain titanium or niobium. The lower metal layer serves as an adhesion and crystallization layer. The upper metal layer serves as a protective and getter layer to prevent a change of the silver during the further process steps.

Particularly suitable transparent, electrically conductive coatings comprise at least one metal, preferably silver, nickel, chromium, niobium, tin, titanium, copper, palladium, zinc, gold, cadmium, aluminum, silicon, tungsten or alloys thereof, and / or at least one metal oxide layer , preferably tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO, Sn0 ₂ : F), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO, Sn0 ₂ : Sb), and / or carbon nanotubes and / or optically transparent, electrically conductive polymers, preferably poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), polystyrene sulfonate, poly (4,4 dioctyl cyclopentadithiophene), 2,3-dichloro-5,6-dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone, mixtures and / or copolymers thereof

The thickness of the transparent, electrically conductive coating can vary widely and be adapted to the requirements of the individual case. It is essential that the thickness of the transparent, electrically conductive coating must not become so high that it is impermeable to electromagnetic radiation, preferably electromagnetic radiation of a wavelength of 300 nm to 1300 nm and in particular visible light of 390 nm to 780 nm. The transparent, electrically conductive coating preferably has a layer thickness of 10 nm to 5 μm and more preferably of 30 nm to 1 μm.

The sheet resistance of the transparent, electrically conductive coating is preferably from 0.35 ohms / square to 200 ohms / square, preferably 0.5 ohms / square to 200 ohms / square, most preferably from 0.6 ohms / square to 30 ohms / square Square, and in particular from 2 ohms / square to 20 ohms / square. The transparent, electrically conductive coating may in principle have even lower surface resistances than 0.35 ohms / square, especially if only a small amount of light transmission is required during their use. Such surface resistances are particularly suitable for detecting damage to the electrically conductive coating in the event of breakage of the first pane. The transparent, electrically conductive coating preferably has good infrared-reflecting properties and / or particularly low emissivities (low-E).

A further aspect of the invention comprises a method for operating an alarm disk arrangement according to the invention, wherein the measuring signal is measured continuously or periodically, preferably with a period of 0.2 s to 100 s, and output as an output signal from the sensor unit. The output of the output signal can be carried out continuously or periodically, preferably with a period of 0.2 s to 100 s. A further aspect of the invention comprises a use of an alarm pane arrangement according to the invention as glazing of a showcase, a showcase, preferably for protecting valuable goods such as paintings, textiles, jewelery, for example in a museum or at a jeweler, or as architectural glazing,

Double glazing, double glazing, triple glazing,

Fire-resistant glazing, safety glazing or as glazing in a vehicle on land, water or in the air, such as a motor vehicle, a bus, a train or an airplane.

Another aspect of the invention comprises a use of a sensor unit according to the invention with an antenna for retrofitting a glazing with a first pane of toughened glass and transparent, electrically conductive coating on the inside surface (II) to an alarm disk arrangement.

The invention will be explained in more detail with reference to a drawing and an example. The drawing is not completely true to scale. The invention is not limited by the drawing in any way. Show it:

Figure 1A is a schematic representation of an inventive

Alarm disk arrangement in a plan view;

Figure 1 B is a cross-sectional view taken along section line A-A 'of Figure 1A; Figure 2 is a schematic representation of a sensor unit according to the invention, Figure 3A is an enlarged view of the section Z of the inventive transparent, electrically conductive coating at an undamaged first disc.

FIG. 3B is an enlarged view of the detail Z of the transparent, electrically conductive coating according to the invention in the case of a broken first pane;

Figure 4A is a schematic representation of an alternative invention

Alarm disk arrangement in a plan view;

FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along section line A-A 'of FIG

Figure 5 simulated course of the S1 1 parameter for an inventive

Alarm disk assembly 10 with two comparative examples. FIG. 1A shows a schematic illustration of an alarm disk arrangement 10 according to the invention in a plan view of the outside surface I. FIG. 1B shows a cross-sectional view along the section line AA 'of FIG. 1A.

The alarm disc assembly 10 separates an interior from an external environment. The alarm disk assembly 10 is suitable for example to protect valuables in the interior, for example in a showcase, in a museum or at a jeweler from external access.

The alarm disk arrangement 10 comprises a first pane 1 on whose inside surface II a transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 is arranged. The transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 is arranged in this example on the entire inside surface II of the first disc 1, minus a marginal stripping with a width of, for example, 10 mm from the disc edge of the first disc 1. The edge deletion serves to protect against corrosion by penetrating moisture over the edge of the pane.

The transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 serves, for example, as an infrared-reflecting layer. This means that the amount of heat radiation from incoming sunlight is reflected to a large extent. When using the first pane 1 in architectural glazing, this ensures a reduced heating of the interior when exposed to sunlight. The transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 is known, for example, from EP 0 847 965 B1 and contains two silver layers, each of which is embedded between a plurality of metal and metal oxide layers. The transparent electrically conductive coating 3 has a sheet resistance of about 4 ohms / square.

The first pane 1 is, for example, a prestressed soda-lime glass pane with a width of 1 m, a length of 1.5 m and a thickness of 4 mm. The first pane 1 is prestressed according to DIN 12150-1 with a surface compressive stress of, for example, 120 N / mm ² . Due to the bias, the first disc shatters when damaged in blunt-edged fragments with sizes of less than 1 cm ² .

In the example shown, a sensor unit 20 is arranged on the inside of the first pane 1. Inner side here means the region which faces the inside surface II, on which the transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 is arranged. The sensor unit 20 has an antenna 21 which is electromagnetically coupled to the transparent, electrically conductive coating 3. It is understood that the antenna 21 need not necessarily be installed in the same housing as the remaining sensor unit 20.

The distance a of the antenna 21 from the transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 is for example 0.5 mm. The antenna 21 and the transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 are electrically isolated from each other. An evaluation unit 20.2 in the sensor unit 20 measures the impedance matching of the transmitting unit 20.1 to the antenna 21 of this arrangement and compares the measured value with a comparison value. The comparison value is determined in the undamaged first disc 1 with undamaged transparent, electrically conductive coating 3. The sensor unit 20 determines the deviation, ie the difference, of the measurement signal of the evaluation unit 20. 2 with the comparison value and outputs an alarm signal for deviations which are greater than a defined tolerance. The alarm signal is, for example, a voltage or voltage pulse having a certain level and / or pulse duration different from another neutral output signal, whereby an alarm condition can be identified. Such a deviation typically results in the fracture of the first disk 1 and a concomitant damage to the transparent, electrically conductive coating 3.

The alarm signal is forwarded, for example via an alarm transmission unit not shown here to a receiver to be converted there into an acoustic signal or to make an emergency call.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic representation of a sensor unit 20 according to the invention. The sensor unit 20 has an antenna 21. The antenna 21 is connected via leads to a transmitting unit 20.1 and an evaluation unit 20.2. The distance a is the distance of the antenna 21 from the transparent, electrically conductive coating 3.

The sensor unit 20 has, for example, several stages of construction: the antenna 21 is connected to a transmitting unit 20.1. The transmitting unit 20.1 is connected via an evaluation unit 20.2 to a comparator 20.3. The comparator 20.3 compares the measurement signal with a comparison value and enters if necessary Alarm signal via the power amplifier 20.4 at the output 22 off. For example, the VSWR VSWR or S1 1 parameter is measured.

Due to the design of the antenna 21 and the distance a between the antenna 21 and the transparent, electrically conductive coating 3, the detection range 25 is determined in which changes in the transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 can be measured particularly accurately.

The antenna 21 in this example is a dipole antenna and has a length b of 55 mm. The detection area 25 is here, for example, a circle with a diameter d of 1, 1 ^* b, ie of about 60 mm, wherein the circle center MK defined by orthogonal projection of the center MA of the antenna 21 on the inside surface (II) of the first disc 1 is. It is understood that the antenna 21 can also be a monopole antenna with suitably adapted length b.

FIG. 3A shows an enlarged illustration of the detail Z of the transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 according to the invention in the case of an undamaged first pane 1. The transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 is undamaged, in particular in the detection region 25 of the antenna 21.

FIG. 3B shows an enlarged illustration of the detail Z of the transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 according to the invention in the case of a broken first pane 1. By damage, for example by the attempt of penetrating the first disc 1, this is cracked because of their bias in small fragments. This leads to an interruption of the transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 by breaking lines 30. The fragments are each smaller than the detection region 25, so that at least one breaking line 30 is arranged in the detection region 25. By interrupting the transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 by breaking lines 30, the impedance matching of the antenna 21 changes and an alarm signal can be output.

FIG. 4A shows a schematic representation of an alternative alarm disk arrangement 10 'according to the invention in a plan view and FIG. 4B shows a cross-sectional view along the section line AA' from FIG. 4A. The alarm disk assembly 10 'is, for example, an insulating glass panel containing the alarm disk assembly 10 of Figures 1A and 1B. In addition, the first disc 1 is connected via a peripheral spacer 2 with a second disc 6. The sensor unit 20 with antenna 21 is here in the space which is formed by the first disc 1, the second disc 6 and the spacer 2, respectively. The sensor unit 20 is glued to the lower portion of the spacer 2 on this example, and thus securely fixed against slipping. The sensor unit 20 includes, for example, an accumulator and a solar cell that charges the accumulator. Furthermore, the sensor unit 20 contains, for example, an alarm transmission unit which sends an alarm signal via a Bluetooth connection to a receiver arranged outside the alarm disk arrangement 10 '(not shown here). The sensor unit 20 is energy self-sufficient and requires no leads to the outside - neither for the power supply, nor for forwarding an alarm signal. The sensor unit 20 can be easily retrofitted, for example, in an existing insulating glass unit.

FIG. 5 shows the diagram of a simulation of the S1 1 parameter as a function of the frequency f of the electromagnetic radiation of an antenna 21 according to the invention. The SU parameter is given in decibels (dB). At the frequency f = 2.4 GHz, a dashed, vertical auxiliary line is drawn.

The curve # 2 shows the simulated course of the S1 1 parameter in an inventive alarm disk arrangement 10 in which the transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 is arranged at a distance a of 4 mm from the antenna 21. The electrical conductivity of the transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 is here, for example, 2 ohms / square. The antenna 21 is optimized to a frequency f of 2.4 GHz. The S1 1 parameter at 2.4 GHz is -1.1 dB.

As a comparative example, curve # 1 shows the course of the S1 1 parameter of the alarm disk arrangement 10 of curve # 2 without the first pane 1 and thus also without transparent, electrically conductive coating 3. This corresponds to the case where the first pane 1, for example during a break-in attempt , was completely removed. The SU parameter is lowered to -17.2 dB at a frequency f of 2.4 GHz.

As a further comparative example, curve # 3 shows the course of the S1 1 parameter of the alarm disk arrangement 10 of curve # 2, the first pane 1 with a transparent, electrically conductive coating 3 passing through a 1 mm thick square copper plate with an edge length of 60 mm was replaced. This corresponds to the case that - to outwit the alarm disk assembly 10, for example, in a break-in attempt - the first disk 1 is replaced by a metal plate. The SU parameter is thereby reduced to -2.7 dB at a frequency f of 2.4 GHz.

The simulations show that the impedance matching, simulated here by the SU parameter, is very sensitively dependent on the structure of the alarm disc arrangement and that manipulations on the construction of the alarm disc arrangement can be measured by a change of the impedance matching with a high sensitivity. This was unexpected and surprising to the skilled person.

The invention further comprises the following aspects:

An alarm disk arrangement (10, 10 ') according to the invention, wherein the transparent, electrically conductive coating (3) contains at least one metal, preferably silver, nickel, chromium, niobium, tin, titanium, copper, palladium, zinc, gold, cadmium, aluminum, Silicon, tungsten or alloys thereof, and / or at least one metal oxide layer, preferably tin-doped indium oxide (ITO), aluminum-doped zinc oxide (AZO), fluorine-doped tin oxide (FTO, Sn0 ₂ : F), antimony-doped tin oxide (ATO, Sn0 ₂ : Sb), and / or carbon nanotubes and / or optically transparent, electrically conductive polymers, preferably poly (3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene), polystyrene sulfonate, poly (4,4-dioctylcylopentadithiophene), 2,3-dichloro-5,6- dicyano-1,4-benzoquinone, mixtures and / or copolymers thereof and / or the transparent, electrically conductive coating (3) have a sheet resistance of from 0.35 ohms / square to 200 ohms / square, preferably from 0.6 ohms / square to 30 Ohms / square.

An alarm disk arrangement (10, 10 ') according to the invention, wherein the transparent, electrically conductive coating (3) has at least 50%, preferably at least 70%, particularly preferably 80% to 100% and in particular 95% to 99% of the area of the inside surface ( II) of the first disc arranged.

Has an alarm wheel assembly according to the invention (10, 10 '), wherein the first sheet (1) flat glass, float glass, quartz glass, borosilicate glass, or soda-lime glass and / or an effective relative permittivity e _e n 6 to 8 LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1 first disc

2 spacers

3 transparent, electrically conductive coating 6 second disc

10,10 'alarm disk arrangement

20 sensor unit

20.1 transmission unit

20.2 evaluation unit

20.3 Comparator

20.4 power amplifier

21 antenna

22 output

25 detection area

30 break line

A-A 'cutting line

a distance

b length of the antenna 21

d diameter

MA center of the antenna 21

MK center of the circle

Z section

I outside surface of the first disc. 1

II inside surface of the first disc. 1

III outside surface of the second disc. 6

IV inside surface of the second disc. 6

Claims

claims

1 . Alarm disc assembly (10, 10 ') comprising:

at least one first pane (1), which consists of toughened glass, with an outside surface (I) and an inside surface (II),

at least one transparent, electrically conductive coating (3) which is arranged on the inside surface (II) of the first pane (1) and

a sensor unit (20) having a transmitting unit (20.1), an antenna (21) and an evaluation unit (20.2), the transmitting unit (20.1) transmitting at least one high-frequency voltage signal having a frequency f from 0.1 GHz to 6 GHz to the antenna (20) 21) and the antenna (21) emits an electromagnetic radiation of the frequency f and the evaluation unit (20.2) measures the impedance matching of the transmission unit (20.1) to the antenna (21),

wherein the antenna (21) is electromagnetically coupled to the transparent, electrically conductive coating (3), and the sensor unit (20) outputs an alarm signal in the event of deviations of the measured impedance matching from a comparison value.

2. alarm disk assembly (10,10 ') according to claim 1, wherein the transparent, electrically conductive coating (3) is connected to the first disc (1) such that at a fraction of the first disc (1), the transparent, electrically conductive coating (3) is damaged, and preferably the transparent, electrically conductive coating (3) is deposited directly on the inside surface (II) of the first disc (1), particularly preferably as a thin-film stack, in particular by sputtering (sputtering), chemical vapor deposition (CVD ) and / or thermal evaporation.

3. alarm disc assembly (10,10 ') according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the impedance matching by measuring the VSWR VSWR = (V + R) / (VR) is determined, wherein V from the transmitting unit (20.1) to the antenna (21) forwarded voltage signal and R is the voltage from the antenna (21) to the transmitting unit (20.1) reflected voltage signal.

4. alarm disk arrangement (10,10 ') according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the impedance matching is determined by measuring the S1 1 -Streuparameters of the transmitting unit (20.1) to the antenna (21) forwarded voltage signal and preferably the sensor unit (20) Deviation of the measured S1 1 scattering parameter from the comparison value of more than one decibel (1 dB), preferably more than 1.5 dB, emits an alarm signal.

5. alarm disc assembly (10,10 ') one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the distance a between the antenna (21) and the transparent, electrically conductive coating (3) of 0.1 mm to 20 mm, preferably from 0.2 mm to 10 mm and in particular from 0.5 mm to 5 mm.

6. alarm disc assembly (10,10 ') according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the disc (1) is biased such that at break of the first disc (1), the fragments smaller, preferably 5 times smaller, more preferably 10 times smaller than a detection range (25) of the antenna (21).

7. alarm disc assembly (10,10 ') according to claim 6, wherein the antenna (21) has a length b and the detection region (25) of the antenna (21) at least one circle with a diameter d of more than 0.5 ^* b, preferably of more than 1 ^* b, more preferably of more than 3 ^* b and in particular of 0.5 ^* b to 3 ^* b, wherein the circle center MK by orthogonal projection of the center of the antenna MA on the inside surface (II) of first disc (1) is defined.

8. alarm disc assembly (10,10 ') according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the sensor unit (20) comprises an alarm transmission unit, preferably a radio alarm transmission unit, particularly preferred for Bluetooth and / or WLAN, or an infrared transmitter, for communication with an alarm center.

The alarm disc assembly (10, 10 ') of claim 8, wherein the alarm sending unit is a radio alarm transmitting unit which radiates and / or receives its radio signal via the antenna (21) or via a second antenna.

10. alarm disk assembly (10,10 ') according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the sensor unit (20) includes a power supply, preferably a battery, a rechargeable battery, a supercapacitor, a thermoelectric generator and / or a solar cell and preferably no leads to one external power supply.

1 1. Alarm disc assembly (10 ') according to any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the first disc (1) via at least one spacer (2), preferably a completely the edge of the first disc (1) encircling spacer (2), with at least one second disc (6) is connected and / or preferably the sensor unit (20) in a space between the first disc (1) and the second disc (6) is arranged.

12. alarm disc assembly (10,10 ') according to one of claims 1 to 1 1, wherein the transparent, electrically conductive coating (3) is full-surface and has no recesses or coating-free areas and / or wherein the first disc (1) only electrically conductive Has elements that are transparent.

13. A method for operating an alarm disk arrangement (10,10 ') according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein the measurement of the measuring signal is continuous or periodic, preferably with a period of 0.2 s to 100 s and as an output signal from the sensor unit ( 20) is output.

14. Use of an alarm disc assembly (10,10 ') according to one of claims 1 to 12 as glazing a showcase, a showcase, preferably for the protection of valuable goods, for example in a museum or a jeweler, or as architectural glazing, double glazing, double glazing triple-glazing, fire-resistant glazing, safety glazing or as glazing in a vehicle by land, sea or air, such as a motor vehicle, bus, train or plane.

15. Use of a sensor unit (20) with antenna (21) for retrofitting a glazing with a first discs (1) made of toughened glass and transparent, electrically conductive coating (3) on the inside Surface (II) to an alarm disc assembly (10,10 ') according to claim 1 to 12.