EP3489603A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

A heat exchanger (1) contains a jacket element (2) and an insert element (3), wherein the insert element (3) is arranged in the operating state inside the jacket element (2). The insert element has a longitudinal axis (4). The insert element (3) contains an insert casing element (31) and a plurality of web elements (9, 10), the web elements (9, 10) having a first end (13) and a second end (14). The first end (13) and the second end (14) of each bar member (9, 10) are connected to the insert shell member (31) at different locations. At least a portion of the web elements (9, 10) includes web element channels (11, 12), the web element channels (11, 12) extending from the first end (13) of the web element (11) to the second end (14) of the web element (11) , Between the insert casing element (31) and the casing element (2) an intermediate casing element (5) is arranged.

Description

The invention relates to a heat exchanger which can be produced cost-effectively, which can also be used as a static mixer or a static mixer, which can also be designed as a heat exchanger at the same time or can include the function of a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is particularly suitable for cooling or heating flowable media, such as fluids, wherein the fluids may include, for example, viscous or highly viscous fluids, in particular polymers.

Heat exchangers are used in many areas of the processing industry. According to one embodiment, a flowable medium can be moved over at least one stationary insert element. The insert element usually contains mounting elements, which cause a deflection of the fluid flow or the flowable medium, which is guided through the interior of the insert element, which is bounded by an insert casing element. The installation elements are flowed through by a heat transfer fluid. The insert element is flowed through by the flowable medium by generating a pressure gradient. The pressure gradient can be generated for example by the use of pumps.

In the document DE 689 05 806 T2 there is shown a heat exchanger and static mixer having circular section tubes so that heat transfer from the tubes to the material flowing between the tubes can be achieved. The jacket of the heat exchanger, which holds the pipes, must be thick-walled at high internal pressures. Also the EP 1 123 730 A2 shows a heat exchanger and static mixer containing tubes as mixing elements.

A variant of such a heat exchanger and static mixer is in the EP 1 384 502 A1 shown. Like in the EP 0 967 004 A1 The channels for a heat transfer fluid extend substantially transversely to the main flow direction. The channels of EP 1 384 502 A1 run inside of ribbed pipes. The ribs may, for example, protrude in a star shape into the fluid flow. There is also at these ribs a slight deflection or transverse displacement of the fluid flow, which is also limited locally to the environment of the ribs. Since the ribs are not flowed through by a heat transfer fluid, they are also only a limited effective heat exchange surface and require a relatively large amount of space. Therefore, a denser packing of pipes, which can be flowed through by the heat transfer fluid, can not be realized, and accordingly, the achievable heat exchange area is reduced.

In the case of laminar flowing media, the mixing effect takes place by layer formation and their rearrangement. By local mixing is meant a cross-mixing in the immediate vicinity of the finned tube, that is an environment that is limited in its size to twice the tube diameter and maximum to the end of the ribs. A plurality of tubes is juxtaposed transversely to the flow direction. In other words, in the case of two tubes, in each case at most half of the fluid flowing in as secondary partial flow is guided along the edges of the ribs and can thereby cause transverse mixing. Again, a plurality of tubes are arranged side by side transversely to the main flow direction. The cross-mixing taking place only over part of the cross-section can also lead to the formation of locally different heat profiles and concentration profiles, which may have the consequence that no homogenous mixture can be achieved with such a heat exchanger and static mixer. A homogeneous mixture can only be ensured if a portion of the fluid is cross-mixed over a large part of the entire cross-section. Adjacent streams, which are shared by adjacent straw pipes are not affected by this mixing, therefore, the mixing takes place only locally.

An apparatus for static mixing and heat exchange according to EP 2851118 B1 comprises a jacket element and a mixer insert, wherein the mixer insert is arranged in the operating state in the interior of the jacket element. The mixer insert comprises a first group of web elements and a second group of web elements, the first group of web elements extending along a common first group plane and the second group of web elements extending along a second common group plane. The group plane is thus characterized by containing the center axis of the web elements. At least a portion of the web members have channels, the channels extending from a first end of the web member to a second end of the web member. The jacket element in each case contains a corresponding channel, which is in fluid-conducting connection with the first and second ends of the rod element, wherein the transition from at least one of the first and second ends of the rod element to the respective corresponding channel in the jacket element is gap-free.

When such a device is used to process high viscosity fluids, such as polymer melts, the static mixers used there typically have to withstand nominal pressures of 50 to 400 bar and temperatures of 50 to 300 degrees Celsius, so that the jacket of the insert element is formed as a thick-walled tube is.

It has been shown that the production of heat exchangers with thick-walled pipes is very complicated and expensive and, depending on the manufacturing process, qualitative problems can also occur. In the production by casting or in the additive manufacturing process to incur high costs, which usually increase linearly with the weight. The one-piece casting of thick-walled pipes with a complex interior of webs is technically very demanding and often leads to quality problems. If the usually very complex web structure is to be connected in the interior, for example by soldering or welding with the outer tube, so this is very expensive in a thick-walled outer tube due to the weight and the resulting difficult handling. Since the wall thickness of such heat exchangers depend on the pressure and temperature of the application and can vary accordingly, they must be manufactured individually according to specification which significantly increases the cost of production and greatly increases the delivery times since prefabrication is not possible. Therefore, there is a need to develop a heat exchanger, especially for highly viscous fluids, which is less expensive to produce.

The object of the invention is therefore to provide a heat exchanger and optionally static mixer, which is suitable for the processing of highly viscous fluids and can withstand a correspondingly high fluid pressure, but is easier to produce. The object of the invention is also to provide a modular heat exchanger, which is individually adaptable to different fluid pressures.

The object of the invention is achieved by a heat exchanger according to claim 1. Advantageous variants of the heat exchanger are subject matter of claims 2 to 13. A method for operating a heat exchanger is the subject of claim 14. A method for producing a heat exchanger is the subject of claim 15.

When the term "for example" is used in the following description, this term refers to embodiments and / or embodiments, which is not necessarily to be understood as a more preferred application of the teachings of the invention. Similarly, the terms "preferred,""preferred," are understood to refer to an example of a variety of embodiments and / or embodiments, which is not necessarily to be understood as a preferred application of the teachings of the invention. Accordingly, the terms "for example,""preferred," or "preferred," may refer to a plurality of embodiments and / or embodiments.

The following detailed description includes various embodiments of a heat exchanger. The description of a particular heat exchanger is to be considered as exemplary only. In the specification and claims, the terms "including," "comprising," "having" are interpreted as "including, but not limited to."

The heat exchanger according to the invention comprises a jacket element and an insert element, wherein the insert element is arranged in the operating state in the interior of the jacket element. The insert element has a longitudinal axis that extends substantially in the direction of the flow of the flowable medium. The direction of the flow is hereinafter referred to as the main flow direction. The insert element contains an insert casing element and at least one web element, in particular a plurality of web elements. The web element has a first end and a second end. The first end and the second end of the bar member are connected to the insert shell member at various locations. The web element includes a web element channel, wherein the web element channel extends from the first end of the web element to the second end of the web element. If a plurality of web elements is provided, at least a portion of the web elements may include web element channels. The jacket element may include a jacket channel, which is in fluid communication with the web element channel. Between the insert casing element and the casing element, an intermediate casing element is arranged.

The insert casing element can thus be accommodated in the intermediate casing element, wherein the insert casing element can be inserted into the intermediate casing element. The insert casing element can be inserted into the intermediate casing element after its completion. In the operating state, the intermediate jacket element absorbs the fluid pressures that act on the insert jacket element and are transferred from the insert jacket element to the intermediate jacket element. Therefore, it is possible that the insert casing element has an average wall thickness which is smaller than the average wall thickness of the intermediate casing element. The insert casing element and the intermediate casing element may be arranged at least partially adjacent to one another. In particular, the intermediate jacket element can rest on the insert jacket element with a lateral surface portion of 80% to 100%. In particular, the outer circumferential surface of the insert casing element can rest completely against the casing inner surface of the intermediate casing element.

Another advantage lies in the fact that a single insert element is needed, but the heat exchanger can still be used in a large pressure range of the flowable medium, which flows around the or the web elements. The pressure range can range from ambient pressure to over 600 bar pressure. The insert element is held in an intermediate jacket element, which is designed for a certain maximum pressure. In particular, the insert element can be combined with intermediate shell elements of different wall thickness. With increasing wall thickness, a higher pressure resistance of the heat exchanger is achieved with the same nominal diameter. In other words, it is sufficient to use the heat exchanger in the corresponding intermediate jacket element and jacket element. Since the intermediate jacket elements and jacket elements are much easier to manufacture than the insert element, the storage can be optimized by only the insert elements of different nominal diameter and optionally different length must be kept in stock. The intermediate jacket elements and jacket elements can only be manufactured after receipt of the order in accordance with the customer's specification for the pressure of the flowable medium required by the customer, since their production can take place as required within a short time.
In addition, any arrangements of web elements can be realized. The web elements can have any dimensions. In addition, the outer side of the insert casing element before installation of the same in the intermediate casing element is easily accessible on all sides, which makes it possible to connect the web element or the web elements at arbitrary locations in any spatial directions with the insert casing element, for example by soldering, welding, clamping or gluing.

The insert jacket element may include an insert jacket channel which is fluidly connected to a web element channel. In particular, the insert element jacket channel can be fluid-conductively connected to an intermediate jacket element channel. According to one embodiment, the intermediate jacket element channel is fluid-conductively connected to the jacket channel. The jacket channel may extend over 20% to 90% of the shell inner surface facing the intermediate element. The jacket element channel can be in fluid-conducting connection with the web element channel or the web element channels. The sheath member channel may include a plurality of sheath member chambers. The jacket element channel may include a supply line for a heat transfer fluid and a discharge for the heat transfer fluid.

According to one embodiment, each of the jacket element chambers can contain either the feed line or the discharge line for the heat transfer fluid. In particular, each of the supply lines or outlets may be connected to a plurality of intermediate jacket element passages. A jacket element chamber may be formed as a heat transfer fluid distributor when the jacket element chamber contains a supply line. A jacket member chamber may be formed as a heat transfer fluid collector when the jacket member chamber contains a drain.

According to any of the preceding embodiments, the web elements may be connected to the insert shell element by gluing, soldering, casting, an additive manufacturing process, welding, clamping, shrinking, or combinations thereof. Gluing, soldering or welding can be done from inside and / or outside. In particular, the insert casing element and the web elements can be formed in one piece.

According to one embodiment, the insert element and the intermediate shell element may contain different materials.

According to one embodiment, the wall thicknesses of the insert element and the intermediate jacket element together may amount to at least 10 mm. In particular, the wall thicknesses of the insert element and the intermediate jacket element together may amount to at least 20 mm.

According to one embodiment, the web element channel can run kink-free. According to one embodiment, the web element channel can pass without kinking in the or the intermediate jacket element channels.

At least a part of the web elements thus extends over the entire width dimension or the diameter of the jacket element. The web element channels in the web elements extend from the first end to the second end of the web element, which connects directly to the inner wall of the intermediate shell element. In the intermediate jacket element, according to one exemplary embodiment, there is an intermediate jacket element channel which adjoins the insert jacket channel. The web elements can thus be fed by the jacket element through the intermediate jacket element channels of the intermediate jacket element and the insert jacket channels with a heat transfer fluid, in particular a heat transfer fluid, and flowed through by the heat transfer fluid. The length of the web element channel corresponds at least to the mean diameter of the insert shell element when the web element contains the longitudinal axis.

The mean diameter corresponds to the inner diameter when the insert casing element is designed as a circular tube. The mean diameter for a square insert shell element is defined as its perimeter (s) (pi), thus being an equivalent diameter. The length of the web element channel may in particular be at least 10% above the mean diameter when the web element channel crosses the center axis. The length of this web element channel may in particular be at least 20% above the mean diameter, more preferably at least 30% above the mean diameter.

A web element is determined in its dimensions by its length, its width and its thickness. The length of the bar element is measured from the first end of the bar element to the second end of the bar element. The length of the web element channel substantially corresponds to the length of the web element.

The width of the bar element is measured essentially transversely to the flow direction. That is, the width extends substantially in a plane that is normal to the length of the bar element and shows the cross section of the bar element. The cross section of the bar element is characterized by its width and thickness. The length of at least the longest bar element is at least 5 times as large as its width.

The width of the bar element is 0.5 to 5 times as large as its thickness, advantageously 0.75 to 3 times as large as its thickness. If the width of the bar element is 1 to 2 times as large as its thickness, this results in a particularly preferred range for which particularly good cross-mixing can be achieved. The width of the bar element is defined as the normal distance which extends from the first edge and the second edge of the bar element on the upstream side. The width of the stem element on the upstream side may differ from the width measured on the downstream side of the stem element.

The term "edge" is understood to mean the edge of the pile element that flows in and flows around the fluid, which extends substantially parallel to the length of the pile element. The thickness of the bar element can be variable. The minimum thickness is less than 75% and advantageously less than 50% below the maximum thickness. The variations may, for example, be due to ribs, indentations, nubs, wedge-shaped webs or other unevenness.

The web element may be characterized in that flat surfaces, convex or concave surfaces present in the flow direction, which provide an attack surface for the flowing fluid. These aligned in the direction of flow surfaces cause an increased flow resistance, especially in comparison with a tubular element, which can cause improved heat transfer.

The web element channel, which runs in the interior of the web element, preferably has an inner diameter which corresponds to a maximum of 75% of the thickness of the web element. In principle, a plurality of substantially parallel web element channels can be contained in a web.

The transition from at least one of the first and second ends of the bar element to the insert shell element takes place according to an embodiment gap-free. The web elements of the insert element and the insert jacket element accordingly consist according to an embodiment of a single component, which is preferably produced by a casting process. Characteristic of the property that the transition is gap-free, is a smooth transition from the web element to the insert shell element. In particular, curves may be provided in the transition region from the web element to the insert casing element at the edges, so that the flow of the castable material is not impaired during the production process.

The web element channels run in the interior of the web elements, so that no connection between the channels in the interior of the web elements and the space surrounding the web elements consists.

In a casting process, at least in segments, a monolithic structure is produced consisting of first and second groups of web elements arranged at a nonzero angle relative to the main flow direction and a fixed insert element permanently connected to at least a portion of the web elements, which can be formed as a jacket tube. Instead of a casting process, an additive manufacturing process can also be used.

Alternatively, there is also the possibility that the recesses of the insert casing element coincide with the outer contour of the bar element. The web element can be pushed through the recess of the insert casing element according to this embodiment and be positioned in the interior of the insert casing element. According to this embodiment, the web element with the Insert sheath element by gluing, soldering, welding, clamping, press-fitting, or shrinking can be connected.

The web elements have at least partially web element channels, which can be flowed through by a heat transfer fluid in the operating state. The web element channels are not in the operating state in connection with the flowable medium, which flows around the web elements. The web element channels extend from a first end of the web element to a second end of the web element. The insert casing element in each case contains a corresponding insert casing channel which is in fluid-conducting connection with the first end and second end of the bar element, wherein the transition from at least one of the first and second ends of the bar element to the respectively corresponding insert casing channel in the insert casing element is gap-free.

The web element channels for the heat transfer fluid in the web elements can be produced by the previously described casting process or an additive manufacturing process, but also by subsequent processing such as eroding or drilling done.

In the casting process, for example, a casting is made by means of a wax body, applying a ceramic shell to the wax body, then removing the wax and firing the ceramic shell, and firing the ceramic shell with pourable material. The pourable material is solidified by cooling and the ceramic shell removed after the solidification of the castable material. The device can be made of any materials that can be processed by casting, such as metal, plastic or ceramic. The web elements are advantageously designed rectangular, the edges may also be rounded. However, the web elements can also have a different cross-sectional shape from the group of circles, ellipses, rounded squares or polygons. The cross-sectional areas may be different in a single web element or between a plurality of web elements, for example, the web element thickness or the web element width may vary. The insert casing element may have any closed cross-section and / or any desired geometry, for example as a tube or a rectangular channel.

A heat transfer fluid may include any liquid such as water or oils but also a gas such as air.

The web elements may be disposed at an angle of approximately 25 to 75 degrees, in particular at an angle of approximately 30 to 60 degrees to the main flow direction. The web elements can form web element groups, wherein the web elements of each web element group can be arranged parallel to one another. The web elements of a web element group can be located in a common group level. In one embodiment, the first and second group levels intersect. According to a further embodiment, a web element of the first group adjoins a web element of the second group. Accordingly, adjacent bar elements according to this embodiment have a different orientation, since they belong to different groups.

According to a preferred embodiment, adjacent web elements intersect, since such an improved heat exchange can be achieved. The angle between two intersecting web elements is advantageously 25 to 75 degrees. In a group as many web elements can be arranged side by side. The group is characterized in that the center axes of all web elements span the same or essentially the same group plane. In particular, 2 to 20 bar elements, particularly preferably 4 to 12 bar elements, are arranged in parallel in a group.

Any number of groups of web elements in the main flow direction can be arranged one behind the other. The successively arranged groups are advantageously arranged so that they overlap so as to accommodate as much active heat exchange surface in a small apparatus volume. Overlapping means that at least a part of the web elements of a first group and a part of the web elements of a subsequent group and / or a preceding group are arranged in the same pipe section, viewed in the main flow direction. The projection of the length of the bar element on the longitudinal axis gives a length L1 and the projection of the overlapping part of the bar elements of the adjacent group on the longitudinal axis results in a length L2, where L2 is smaller than L1 and L2 is greater than 0. The considered pipe section is defined so that it has the length L1, that is, extends from a centrally disposed web element from the first end to the second end in the projection on the longitudinal axis.

Since the mixing effect takes place in identically aligned groups of web elements arranged only in one plane, after a certain number of groups the orientation changed so that the groups are advantageously arranged offset from each other. In particular, two to 20 groups are provided, more preferably 4 to 8 groups included. The displacement between the identically aligned groups is advantageously carried out at an angle of 80 to 100 degrees. This means that the second group is aligned about the longitudinal axis by an angle of 80 to 100 degrees with respect to the first group.

In addition to the previously described groups of intersecting web elements, it is also possible, particularly in the terminal area of equally aligned parallel groups of web elements, to arrange groups which comprise web elements which extend only from the inner wall of the jacket element to the intersection with the respective other group. Hereinafter, these groups will be referred to as half intersecting land groups. These groups lead to an additional increase in mixing performance. Due to the better mixing effect and the additional heat conduction effects of the web material, the heat exchange is additionally increased.

According to one embodiment, the web elements may form a first and a second group. Each of the first and second groups may span a first and second group level, respectively. In particular, the first group level of the first group may intersect with the second group level of the second group such that a common intersection line is formed which has an intersection with the longitudinal axis or extends substantially transverse to the longitudinal axis and / or in a normal plane to the intersection line contains the longitudinal axis, has a minimum distance from the longitudinal axis. According to one embodiment, at least one group of web elements may be provided which extend substantially to the intersection line.
The web elements in a first and second group may touch each other or have gaps between them. Also, a connection of the intermediate spaces with transverse to the fluid flow direction arranged connecting webs is possible.

The heat transfer fluid is advantageously supplied to the jacket element and flows through a jacket channel located in the jacket element. The jacket channel adjoins the intermediate jacket element. The intermediate jacket member has openings leading to the insert jacket channels. From there, the heat transfer fluid enters at least part of the web element channels of the web elements. As a result, not only the surface of the inner wall of the insert casing element, but also the surface of the warmed or cooled web elements can be used as a heat exchange surface. The jacket channel may be formed on the inside by the intermediate jacket element and on the outside by the jacket element. In the jacket element can be provided an inlet and a drain for the heat transfer fluid. In particular, the jacket element may contain connections for the supply and removal of the heat carrier fluid. The jacket channel may contain a plurality of jacket element chambers, wherein in at least one jacket element chamber the heat transfer fluid can be distributed to a part of the intermediate jacket element channels. In at least one second jacket element chamber, the heat transfer fluid can be collected by the intermediate jacket element channels, so that the heat exchanger flows through as uniformly as possible. It is also possible for different sections or segments of the heat exchanger to be flowed through by separate jacket channels with heat transfer fluid, so that the heat exchanger contains different sections or segments, which can be flowed through by differently heated heat transfer fluid. This allows a different temperature control in the individual segments. It has been shown that, for a high heat transfer in a small apparatus volume with jacket element diameters of 60 mm and more, at least half of all web elements should be flowed through by the heat transfer fluid.

It has been found that both a casting method, an additive manufacturing method, a soldering method, an adhesive method, a shrinking method, a clamping method and a welding method can be cost-effective manufacturing methods for web elements and a gap-free monolithically connected to the web elements insert shell element, when the insert shell element of a Surrounding intermediate element is surrounded, which can withstand a high pressure load in the operating state. It can be made in one piece, the insert element, comprising the insert casing element with the corresponding web elements. Alternatively, the insert element consist of individual segments, which are subsequently connected, for example, by welding or bolted flange connections or by bracing. Furthermore, the outer geometry of the web elements and the web element geometry as well as the geometry of the web element channels for the heat transfer fluid can be easily decoupled both for a welding process and for a casting process. Thus, for the outer geometry of the web elements advantageously rectangular profiles can be used and the web element channel geometry can advantageously be selected as a round cross-section, that is, in particular a circular or oval cross-section. Therefore, web elements with an ideal profile for cross-mixing and / or high inherent strength for large maximum fluid pressures can be produced. It has been shown that the web element channels for the heat transfer fluid in the web elements are advantageously produced after the casting process by erosion and even more advantageously by drilling, so that also web element channels with small diameters can be produced.

It has further been shown that with the inventive groups of web elements and especially with groups in which adjacent web elements intersect, and / or especially with overlapping groups of web elements, a very good heat transfer and / or mixing performance can be produced. In particular, the arrangement of a second group, which is offset by 80 to 100 degrees to the first group, be conducive to a good heat transfer. Surprisingly, it has also been found that especially the attachment of additional subgroups and, especially with viscous fluids, a further improvement of the heat transfer and / or the mixing performance can be achieved.

Also, the heat transfer and / or the mixing performance in the vicinity of the inner wall of the insert casing element is substantially improved by the direct transition of the web elements in the insert shell element, as are also involved in the inner wall boundary layers of the flowable medium to achieve optimal heat transfer or a homogeneous mixture , In particular, not only an optimal renewal of the boundary layers between flowable medium and insert shell element, but also between flowable medium and web element surface can be generated. An optimal boundary layer renewal therefore leads to an optimal use of the heat exchange surface. The optimal use of the heat exchange surface also means that the heat exchanger can be built for a given cooling or heating task with very small apparatus volume and with very little pressure loss.

Thanks to the optimized heat transfer, the heat exchanger according to the invention exhibits a very narrow residence time spectrum of the flowable medium to be heated or cooled. As a result, deposits or decomposition of flowable medium can be prevented as best as possible. In cooling tasks involving the cooling of a viscous fluid, such as a polymer, a very low melt temperature close to the point of freezing can be achieved thanks to the optimal renewal of the boundary layers. In this way, in particular, it is avoided that solidified polymer deposits on the heat exchange surfaces. The direct transition of the individual web elements in the insert casing element and the housing of the insert element in the intermediate casing element leads to a very stable construction, which is also suitable for the operation with high fluid operating pressures suitable. As a result, the inventive heat exchanger can be built very compact especially for operation with viscous fluids. The device is basically suitable for mixing and cooling respectively heating of any flowable media such as liquids and gases, but especially for viscous and very viscous fluids such as polymers.

The jacket element, the intermediate jacket element and the insert element may contain castable or weldable materials, for example metals, ceramics, plastics or combinations of these materials may be used.

A method for operating a heat exchanger comprises the following method steps, wherein the heat exchanger comprises an insert element and a jacket element, wherein the insert element comprises at least one web element arranged at a non-zero angle relative to the main flow direction and an insert jacket element fixedly connected to the web element, wherein the web element has a Includes web element channel, which is flowed through in the operating state of a heat transfer fluid, which is not in communication with the flowable medium, which flows around the web element. The web element channel extends from a first end of the web element to a second end of the web element. The jacket element may include a jacket channel which is in fluid communication with the bridge element channel. Between the insert element and the jacket element, an intermediate jacket element is arranged which contains a first intermediate jacket element channel and a second intermediate jacket element channel through which the heat transfer fluid flows, so that the heat transfer fluid flows from the jacket channel through the first intermediate jacket element channel into the bridge element channel, flows through the bridge element channel and through the second element Zwischenmantelelementkanal flows into the jacket channel.

A method for producing a heat exchanger, which includes an insert element and a jacket element, wherein the insert element has at least one web element arranged at a non-zero angle relative to the main flow direction and an insert jacket element fixedly connected to the web element comprises the following method steps. The ridge member and the insert shell member are produced by an adhesive method, a soldering method, a casting method, an additive manufacturing method, a welding method, a clamping method or a shrink-in method, or combinations thereof. The web element includes a web element channel which is produced by the casting process together with the insert shell element or in one further work step by means of a drilling process or an erosion process is produced. A web element channel extends from a first end of the web element to a second end of the web element, wherein the insert element is positioned in the shell element. The jacket element may include a jacket channel, which in the assembled state is in fluid-conducting connection with the web element channel. Between the insert element and the jacket element, an intermediate shell element is arranged, which contains a first intermediate shell element channel and a second intermediate shell element channel, wherein the intermediate shell element is positioned in the shell element and the insert element is positioned in the intermediate shell element such that the heat transfer fluid from the shell channel through the first Zwischenmantelelementkanal in the web element channel can flow through the web element channel and can flow from the web element channel through the second intermediate shell element channel into the shell channel.

The use of an intermediate shell element has several advantages. Thus, the insert element can be made much thinner and lighter. Therefore, for the insert element, a different material, for example, a higher quality material can be used, as for the intermediate shell element. In particular, the insert element can contain a material which has a high thermal conductivity or a high resistance to chemicals, for example corrosion resistance. The insert member may be integrally formed with the web members by an additive manufacturing process or casting process. Since the production of the insert element is very expensive, it can be placed as a semi-finished stock and the intermediate casing element can be adjusted depending on the application and nominal pressure to the required wall thickness. The jacket element, which surrounds the intermediate jacket element, can be designed as a further double jacket, through which the heat transfer fluid flows in the operating state. The heat transfer fluid passes through the openings in the jacket element and in the intermediate jacket element and in the insert jacket element to at least one of the web elements, so that it can flow through the web element or elements.

• Fig. 1a: einen Längsschnitt durch einen Wärmetauscher nach einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• Fig. 1b: einen Radialschnitt durch den Wärmetauscher gemäss Fig. 1a,
• Fig. 2a: einen Längsschnitt durch einen Wärmetauscher nach einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• Fig. 2b: einen Radialschnitt durch den Wärmetauscher gemäss Fig. 2a,
• Fig. 3a: einen Längsschnitt durch einen Wärmetauscher nach einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• Fig. 3b: einen Radialschnitt durch den Wärmetauscher gemäss Fig. 3a,
• Fig. 4a: einen Längsschnitt durch einen Wärmetauscher nach einem vierten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• Fig. 4b einen Längsschnitt durch einen Wärmetauscher nach einem fünften Ausführungsbeispiel,
• Fig. 4c: einen Radialschnitt durch den Wärmetauscher gemäss Fig. 4a oder Fig. 4b.

The heat exchanger according to the invention will now be illustrated with reference to some embodiments. Show it

• Fig. 1a FIG. 3: a longitudinal section through a heat exchanger according to a first exemplary embodiment, FIG.
• Fig. 1b : a radial section through the heat exchanger according Fig. 1a .
• Fig. 2a FIG. 3: a longitudinal section through a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment, FIG.
• Fig. 2b : a radial section through the heat exchanger according Fig. 2a .
• Fig. 3a FIG. 3: a longitudinal section through a heat exchanger according to a third exemplary embodiment, FIG.
• Fig. 3b : a radial section through the heat exchanger according Fig. 3a .
• Fig. 4a FIG. 3: a longitudinal section through a heat exchanger according to a fourth exemplary embodiment, FIG.
• Fig. 4b a longitudinal section through a heat exchanger according to a fifth embodiment,
• Fig. 4c : a radial section through the heat exchanger according Fig. 4a or Fig. 4b ,

Fig. 1a shows a longitudinal section through a heat exchanger according to a first embodiment. The heat exchanger 1 for static mixing and heat exchange according to Fig. 1a includes a jacket element 2 and an insert element 3, wherein the insert element 3 is arranged in the operating state in the interior of the jacket element 2. The jacket element 2 is designed as a hollow body. The insert element is received in the hollow body. The insert element 3 has a longitudinal axis 4, which extends substantially in the main flow direction of the flowable medium, which flows through the jacket element 2 in the operating state. The insert element 3 contains an insert casing element 31 and at least one web element 9, 10. The web element 9, 10 has a first end 13 and a second end 14, the first end 13 and the second end 14 of the web element 9, 10 with the insert casing element 31 is connected at various points. The web element 9, 10 includes a web element channel 11, 12. The web element channel 11, 12 extends from the first end 13 of the web element 9, 10 to the second end 14 of the web element 9, 10. The shell element 2 includes a jacket channel 21 which is connected to the web element channel 11, 12 is in fluid communication. Between the Insert casing element 31 and the casing element 2, an intermediate casing element 5 is arranged.

Fig. 1a shows a first web element 9, through which the longitudinal section is laid, so that the web element channel 11 is visible and a second web element 12, which is shown cut open, so that the projection of its cross-sectional area in the sectional plane is visible. This arrangement is to be regarded as exemplary only, that is, the heat exchanger could also contain only a single web element 9 or even more web elements.

The length of a web element 9 is understood to mean the dimension from the first end 13 to the second end 14 of the web element 9 along its center axis. The thickness of the bar means the dimension normal to the center axis from one edge to the opposite edge. In particular, the thickness of tubular web elements may correspond to the diameter of the web element 9.

The web element channel 11 can open at the first end 13 of the web element 9 in a first insert jacket channel 32. The first insert casing channel 32 extends through the insert casing element 31 from its inner wall to its outer wall. The insert jacket channel 32 may extend in the radial direction according to the present embodiment.

The web element channel 11 can open at the second end 14 of the web element 9 in a second insert casing channel 33. The second insert casing channel 33 extends through the insert casing element 31 from its inner wall to its outer wall.

Fig. 1b shows a radial section through the heat exchanger 1 according Fig. 1a , The radial section is laid through the web element channel 11 to illustrate its course. The intermediate sheath element 5 is shown hatched, the hatching of the insert element 3 and the sheath element 2 are omitted in order to keep the representation clear. The space enclosed by the insert element 3 contains the flowable medium, for example a polymer melt. The web elements 9, 10 are flowed around in the operating state of the flowable medium. The flowable medium impinges on the web element 9, whereby the flow of the same is divided and deflected. The divided and deflected flow of the flowable medium impinges on the downstream web element 10, through which the divided and deflected stream of the flowable medium again divided and deflected. A progressive division and Deflection of the flow of the flowable medium leads to its heat exchange and / or mixing. By the web element channels 11, 12 can flow a heat transfer fluid, which serves for heating or cooling of the flowable medium. In the sectional view according to Fig. 1b In particular, it becomes clear for the web element channel 11 that there is a continuous connection to the jacket element chamber 22 from the jacket element chamber 23 of the jacket element 2. The intermediate casing element 5 includes an intermediate casing element channel 51, which forms a connection between the casing element chamber 23 and the insert casing channel 32. At the insert jacket channel 32 of the web element channel 11 connects. At the web element channel 11 of the insert casing channel 33 connects. The insert casing channel 33 is connected to the casing element chamber 22 via the intermediate casing element channel 52. The supply of the heat transfer fluid to the jacket element chamber 23 and the derivative of the heat transfer fluid from the jacket element chamber 22 is not shown here in the drawing. The jacket element chamber 22 is separated from the jacket element chamber 23 by a first separator 26 and a second separator 27 so that a heat transfer fluid supplied to the heat exchanger at a temperature T1 can not be mixed with a heat transfer fluid having a temperature T2 derived from the heat exchanger and efficient cooling or heating the flowable medium can take place.

Fig. 2a shows a longitudinal section through a heat exchanger 1 according to a second embodiment. The insert 1 comprises an insert element 3, an intermediate jacket element 5 and a jacket element 2. The insert element 3 comprises a first and second group 6, 7 of web elements 9, 10 fixed relative to the main flow direction at a nonzero angle and fixedly connected to at least a part of Web elements 9, 10 connected insert shell element 31. The web elements 9, 10 include web element channels 11, 12. These web element channels 11, 12 are flowed through in the operating state of a heat transfer fluid. The heat transfer fluid is not in communication with the flowable medium, which flows around the web elements 9, 10. Fig. 2a shows a first insert element 3 and a second insert element 3, which have the same structure. For each of the first and second insert elements 3, an intermediate jacket element 5 and a jacket element 2 can each be provided. Alternatively, each of the first and second insert elements 3 or the intermediate jacket elements 5 or the jacket elements can each form a single component, which is not shown in the drawing. Each of the first or second insert elements 3 comprises a first group 6 of web elements 9, 10 and a second group 7 of web elements 9, 10 Fig. 2a are another one first group 16, a second group 17 of web elements belonging to the second insert element 3 are shown. Since the two shown insert elements 3, the intermediate jacket elements 5 and the jacket elements 2 are of identical construction, the reference numerals of the right-side insert element 3, the associated intermediate jacket element 5 and the jacket element 2 have been omitted for the sake of clarity. To these first and second groups 6, 7, 16, 17 can connect further groups of web elements, which is also not shown in the drawing. According to the present exemplary embodiment, all group pairs have the same structure. Therefore, the following description applies to the first groups 6, 16 and the second groups 7, 17. Each group may comprise a plurality of web elements. Depending on the size of the space and / or the width of the web elements 2 to 20, preferably 4 to 12 web elements of a group may be arranged parallel to each other.

The first group 6 of web elements 9 extends along a common first group level. The group plane contains the longitudinal axis of a web element channel 11 extending in the interior of the web element 9 when the web element channel 11 is arranged such that its longitudinal axis coincides with the center axis of the web element 9. In the present illustration, the group plane is normal to the plane of the drawing.

The second group 7 of web elements extends along a second common group level. The second group level is defined in the same way as the first group level. The first and second group levels intersect. In the present representation, they intersect exactly on the longitudinal axis 4 of the insert element 3. A web element 9 of the first group adjoins a web element 10 of the second group. The web element 9 is thus arranged crosswise to the web element 10. The web elements of the first group 6 thus alternate with the web elements of the second group 7. The web element 9 is cut along its longitudinal axis, so that one half of the web element channel 11 is visible. The web element 10 is located behind the web element 9 with respect to the plane of the drawing. It is therefore not cut, and the web element channel 12 extending through the web element 10 is represented only by means of a dashed line. The web element channel 11 of the web element 9 of the first group extends from a first end 13 to a second end 14 of the web element. The web element channel 11, 12 may have a cross-sectional area in the form of a round element. The round element may comprise an element from the group of circles, ellipses, rounded squares or polygons.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the group level of the first group 6 intersects with the group level of the second group 7 in such a way that a common intersection line is formed which has an intersection with the longitudinal axis 4 or extends substantially transversely to the longitudinal axis and / or in a normal plane to the intersection line , which contains the longitudinal axis, has a minimum distance from the longitudinal axis. By virtue of this arrangement, the web elements 9, 10 have a configuration which is symmetrical with respect to the sectional plane, so that the heat exchange in the subarea of the space located above the longitudinal axis is essentially as good as in the subarea of the space located below the longitudinal axis.

The first and second group planes are arranged at an angle of 25 to 75 degrees to the longitudinal axis 4. In the present illustration, the angle is 30 to 60 degrees to the longitudinal axis 4, in many cases substantially 45 degrees to the longitudinal axis. 4

The jacket element 2 contains a jacket channel 21, which may contain a plurality of jacket element chambers 22, 23. The jacket channel 21 contains a supply line 24 and a discharge line 25 for a heat transfer fluid. The supply line 24 may include an inlet connection. The drain 25 may include a drain port. The jacket channel 21 includes a distribution channel for the distribution of the heat transfer fluid to a plurality of intermediate element channels 51 and a collecting channel for the merger of the heat transfer fluid from a plurality of intermediate element channels 52. For example, is an intermediate shell element channel 51 and an intermediate shell element channel 52, each with an insert element jacket channel 32 and an insert element jacket channel 33 with the first and second ends 13, 14 of the bridge element in fluid-conducting connection. For each of the web elements 9, 10, which contains a web element channel 11, 12, the insert casing channel 32 forms a feed channel, which feeds the heat transfer fluid to the corresponding web element channel 11, 12 in the web element 9, 10 and the insert casing channel 33 forms a discharge channel, which the Heat transfer fluid from the web element channel 11, 12 in the corresponding web element 9, 10 in the intermediate jacket element channel 52 and the jacket element chamber 23 passes. In Fig. 2a the web element 9 of the group 6 or 16 is shown cut each, the web elements 10 of the group 7 or 17 are in the drawing plane behind it. The web element channels 12 in these web elements 10 are not visible, they are indicated by dashed lines.

The transition of the web element channel 11, 12 of at least one of the first and second ends 13, 14 of the rod member 9, 10 to the respective corresponding insert jacket channel 32, 33 in the insert shell element 31 of the insert element 3 is gap-free. The web elements 9, 10 of the insert element 3 can therefore be formed as a single component, which can be produced for example by a welding process, a shrinking process or by a casting process or additive manufacturing process.

So that the web elements 9, 10 and the corresponding web element channels 11, 12 can be produced without errors, in particular without voids, in particular by casting, and for optimizing the flow of the flowable medium outside the web elements or also for optimizing the flow of the heat transfer fluid in the web element channels 11, 12 as well as the insert jacket channels 32, 33, the transitions from the insert jacket element 31 to the web element channel 11, 12 may be provided with curves, which is not shown in the drawing. In particular, each of the curves may have a radius of at least 0.5 mm to 10 mm.

Any number of groups 6, 7, 16, 17 of web elements in the main flow direction can be arranged one behind the other. The insert element 3 may also consist only of a first group 6 and a second group 7 of web elements. Therefore, in the description, the first group 6 and the second group 7 are considered representative of a plurality of other similar first or second groups. How many pairs of groups are provided in an individual case depends on the actual heat exchange and / or mixing task. That is, if in the following documents only the first and the second group are described, it can not be deduced that only this particular embodiment is disclosed, but rather embodiments with a plurality of pairs of groups, each of these groups of pairs of first and second a second group is to be covered by this description. For the sake of simplicity, the description will be limited to one of the group pairs.

Each of the groups may have the same structure as the previous group, the structure of adjacent groups may also differ from each other. Each of the in Fig. 1a to Fig. 4c shown embodiments can be combined with any other embodiment arbitrarily.

It is also possible, at least in part, to use groups whose web elements do not contain a web element channel. Furthermore, web elements may be provided which form subgroups. A web element of such a subgroup can extend, for example, only from the insert casing element 31 to the longitudinal axis 4, which is not shown in the drawing. Such subgroups may be formed in particular at the beginning or end of the insert element 3. Subgroups can be used in particular to avoid gaps that occur when several heat exchangers are arranged in series. If such a gap persists, the flowable medium will be given less diversion and, consequently, the heat exchange may deteriorate or diminish.

According to a variant, the subgroups forming the end of the insert element may also include web element channels.

The web element channels 11, 12 run in the interior of the web elements 9, 10, so that no connection between the web element channels in the interior of the web elements and the space surrounding the web elements consists. The room contains the flowable medium in the operating state.

The successively arranged groups may be arranged to overlap so as to provide as much active heat exchange surface as possible in the volume formed by the shell element 2. Overlapping means that at least a part of the web elements of a first group and a part of the web elements of a subsequent group and / or a part of the web elements of a preceding group are arranged in the same pipe section seen in the main flow direction. The projection of the length of the bar element on the longitudinal axis gives a length L1 and the projection of the overlapping part of the bar elements of the adjacent group on the longitudinal axis results in a length L2, where L2 is smaller than L1 and L2 is greater than 0. The considered pipe section is defined so that it has the length L1, that is, the envelope volume of the centrally arranged web element 9 represents. The envelope volume is an enveloping cylinder in the case of a cylindrical jacket element with a circular cross section, and an envelope cuboid in the case of a jacket element with a rectangular or polygonal cross section.

Fig. 2b shows a radial section through the static mixer 1 according Fig. 2a , The radial section is not placed by the web element channel 11 according to this embodiment, since its course in the Fig. 1b would correspond to the course shown. The intermediate jacket element 5 is hatched, the hatching of the insert element 3rd and the jacket element 2 are omitted in order to keep the representation clear. Same parts will be in this Fig. 2b same name and no longer described, as far as the description already in connection with Fig. 1a, 1b or Fig. 2a has been made. Fig. 2b shows a belonging to the group 6 web element 9 and two belonging to the group 7 web elements 10. The group 6 contains according to the present illustration, two further web elements with web element channels.

In the left part of the Fig. 2b Most insert jacket channels 32, 33 extend in a substantially radial direction, which is illustrated by dashed lines. Also, most intermediate sheath element channels 51, 52 extend in a substantially radial direction.

In the right-hand side of the Fig. 2b extend the insert jacket channels 32, 33 in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the bar element, which is illustrated by dashed lines. Also, the intermediate jacket element channels 51, 52 extend in a direction substantially parallel to the longitudinal axis of the bar element.

Fig. 3a shows a longitudinal section through a heat exchanger 1 according to a third embodiment, wherein Fig. 3a two variants of the heat exchanger 1 shows. The heat exchanger 1 for static mixing and heat exchange according to Fig. 3a includes a jacket element 2 and an insert element 3, wherein the insert element 3 is arranged in the operating state in the interior of the jacket element 2. The insert element 3 differs from the previous embodiments in that the web element channel 11 of the web element 9 is formed kink-free. The longitudinal axis of the web element channel 11 coincides with the longitudinal axis of the insert jacket channels 32, 33. The heat transfer fluid can thus flow through the insert element 3 without deflection. According to a first variant, the longitudinal axis of the intermediate jacket element channel 51 also coincides with the longitudinal axis of the stake element 9. The intermediate jacket element channel 51 thus forms the continuation of the insert jacket channel 32.

According to a second variant, the longitudinal axis of the intermediate jacket element channel 52 extends in a substantially radial direction. Therefore, a kink is formed between the insert jacket channel 32 and the intermediate jacket member channel 52, which is on the lower side of the Fig. 3a is shown.

The web element 9 and the web element 10 are arranged according to this variant at an angle of not equal to 90 degrees to each other, which in Fig. 3b is visible.

Fig. 4a shows a longitudinal section through a heat exchanger 1 according to a fourth embodiment. The web elements 9, 10 of the insert element 3 are arranged substantially in the radial direction, that is, the longitudinal axis of the web elements 9, 10 extends at an angle of 90 degrees to the longitudinal axis 4. The web elements 9, 10 may have a circular or oval cross-section.

Fig. 4b shows a longitudinal section through a heat exchanger 1 according to a fifth embodiment, which extends from the heat exchanger 1 according to the in Fig. 4a shown embodiment differs in that at least one of the web elements 9, 10 has a rectangular cross-sectional area.

A first insert element 3 according to Fig. 4a or each of the previous embodiments can with a second insert element according to Fig. 4b or any of the previous embodiments. The one or more shell elements 2 and the one or more intermediate shell elements 5 may be the same. They are arranged one behind the other along the longitudinal axis 4, to provide a heat exchanger of greater length and with improved efficiency.

The first sheath element 2 and / or the first insert element 3 may be rotated with respect to the second sheath element 2 and the second insert element 3 by an angle of 20 degrees to 90 degrees. The supply of heat transfer fluid to the mixing chamber via a first supply line, not shown, and its removal via a first derivative, not shown. Because the second shell element 2 and / or the second insert element 3 is rotated in its entirety by an angle of 20 degrees to 90 degrees to the first shell element 2, the second inlet and the second outlet can also be rotated through an angle of 20 degrees to 90 degrees his.

Fig. 4c shows a radial section through the heat exchanger according to Fig. 4a or Fig. 4b , wherein the radial section is not from the illustration according to Fig. 1b different, so to the description too Fig. 1b can be referenced.

The arrangement of the web elements to each other can be done at any angle. Web elements of any cross-sectional area can be combined with each other in an insert element 3. In particular, each web element 9 of a group 6 may differ from the other web elements of the same group. In particular, each web element 10 of a group 7 may be the other web elements of the same group differ. The web elements of group 6 may also differ from the web elements of group 7.

A plurality of similar or different web elements 9 can be arranged along the first group plane. A plurality of similar or different web elements 10 may be arranged along the second group level. The angle which the illustrated section line of the first group plane in the plane of the drawing according to one of Fig. 1a . 2a . 3a . 4a with the longitudinal axis 4, may differ from the angle, which includes the illustrated section line of the second group plane in the plane of the drawing with the longitudinal axis 4. The web widths of the web elements of the first group 6 may differ from one another and / or from the web widths of the web elements of the second group 7.

Adjacent groups may optionally have parallel group planes or may include different angles to the longitudinal axis 4.

According to another variant, not shown, more than two groups may intersect and also be interconnected via common connecting elements. The connecting elements may for example comprise transverse webs. A web element can also consist of a plurality of web element sections. For example, adjacent web element sections can enclose an angle to one another. It would also be possible for the first web element section and the second web element section to be connected to one another via a curved section, wherein this variant is also not illustrated in the drawing.

The invention is not limited to the present embodiments. The web elements can differ in their number and in their dimensions. Furthermore, the number of web element channels in the web elements can differ depending on the required heat requirement for the heat transfer. Also, the angles of inclination which the groups include to the longitudinal axis may vary depending on the application. It can also be arranged in succession more than two insert elements.

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that many other modifications are possible in addition to the described embodiments without departing from the inventive concept. The object of the invention is thus not limited by the foregoing description and is determined by the scope of protection defined by the claims. For the interpretation of the claims or the description is the widest possible reading of the claims. In particular, the terms "contain" or "include" are to be interpreted as referring to elements, components or steps in a non-exclusive sense, which is intended to indicate that the elements, components or steps may be present or used can be combined with other elements, components, or steps that are not explicitly mentioned. If the claims refer to an element or component from a group which may consist of A, B, C ... N elements or components, that formulation should be interpreted as requiring only a single element of that group, and not a combination of A and N, B and N, or any other combination of two or more elements or components of this group.

Claims (15)

Heat exchanger (1), comprising a jacket element (2) and an insert element (3), wherein the insert element (3) in the operating state inside the jacket element (2) is arranged, wherein the insert element (3) has a longitudinal axis (4), wherein the insert element (3) comprises an insert casing element (31) and at least one web element (9, 10), the web element (9, 10) having a first end (13) and a second end (14), the first end (13 ) and the second end (14) of the bar element (9, 10) is connected to the insert casing element (31) at different locations, the bar element (9, 10) containing a bar element channel (11, 12), the bar element channel (11, 12) extends from the first end (13) of the web element (9, 10) to the second end (14) of the web element (9, 10), characterized in that between the insert shell element (31) and the shell element (2) an intermediate shell element ( 5) is arranged. The heat exchanger (1) according to claim 1, wherein the insert casing element (31) has an average wall thickness which is smaller than the average wall thickness of the intermediate casing element (5). The heat exchanger (1) according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the insert casing element (31) and the intermediate casing element (5) are arranged at least partially adjacent to one another. The heat exchanger (1) according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the jacket element (2) comprises a jacket channel (21) which is in fluid communication with the bridge element channel, wherein the jacket channel (21) may contain a heat transfer fluid. The heat exchanger (1) according to claim 3, wherein the jacket passage (21) includes a plurality of jacket member chambers (22, 23). The heat exchanger (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the insert casing element (31) contains an insert casing channel (32, 33) which is fluid-conductively connected to a web element channel (11, 12). The heat exchanger (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the insert jacket channel (32, 33) is fluid-conductively connected to an intermediate jacket element channel (51, 52). The heat exchanger (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the web elements (9, 10) are connected to the insert jacket element (31) by at least one of the bonding, brazing, casting, additive manufacturing, welding, clamping, shrinking methods are. The heat exchanger (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the insert casing element (31) and the web elements (9, 10) are integrally formed. The heat exchanger (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the insert element (31) and the intermediate jacket element (5) contain different materials. The heat exchanger (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the wall thicknesses of the insert element (31) and of the intermediate jacket element (5) together amount to at least 10 mm. The heat exchanger (1) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the jacket channel (21) contains a feed line (24) for a heat transfer fluid and a discharge line (25) for the heat carrier fluid or wherein each of the jacket element chambers (22, 23) either the supply line (24 ) or the discharge line (25) for the heat carrier fluid or wherein each of the supply lines (24) or discharge lines (25) is connected to at least one respective each Zwischenmantelelementkanal (51, 52). The heat exchanger (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein a jacket member chamber (22, 23) is formed as a heat transfer fluid distributor when the jacket member chamber (22, 23) includes a lead (24) or a shell member chamber (22, 23) as a Heat transfer fluid collector is formed when the jacket element chamber (22, 23) includes a discharge line (25). A method of operating a heat exchanger which includes an insert member (3) and a jacket member (2), the insert member being at least one non-zero angle to the main flow direction Web element (9, 10) and a fixedly connected to the web element (9, 10) insert casing element (31), wherein the web element (9, 10) comprises a web element channel (11, 12), which is flowed through in the operating state of a heat transfer fluid, which is not in connection with the flowable medium which flows around the web element (9, 10), wherein the web element channel (11, 12) extends from a first end (13) of the web element (9, 10) to a second end (14). of the rod element (9, 10), characterized in that between the insert element (3) and the jacket element (2) an intermediate shell element (5) is arranged, which contains a first intermediate shell element channel (51) and a second intermediate shell element channel (52) flows through the heat transfer fluid, so that the heat transfer fluid from the jacket channel (21) through the first Zwischenmantelelementkanal (51) flows into the web element channel (11, 12), the web element channel (11, 12) flows through and from Web element channel (11, 12) flows through the second intermediate jacket element channel (52) into the jacket channel (21). Method for producing a heat exchanger, which comprises an insert element (3) and a jacket element (2), wherein the insert element (3) has at least one web element (9, 10) arranged at a non-zero angle with respect to the main flow direction and one fixed to the web element ( 9, 10) and the insert shell element (31) are produced by an adhesive method, soldering method, casting method, additive manufacturing method, welding method, clamping method or a shrink-in method, wherein the web element (9 , 10) comprises a web element channel (11, 12) which is produced by the casting process together with the insert casing element (31) or produced in a further step by means of a drilling process or an erosion process, wherein the web element channel (11, 12) of a first end (13) of the bar element (9, 10) to a second end (14) of the bar element ( 9,10), wherein the insert element (3) is positioned in the jacket element (3), characterized in that between the insert element (3) and the jacket element (2) an intermediate jacket element (5) is arranged, which has a first intermediate jacket element channel (51 ) and a second intermediate jacket element channel (52), wherein the intermediate jacket element (5) is positioned in the jacket element (2) and the insert element (3) is thus positioned in the intermediate jacket element (5). is positioned so that the heat transfer fluid from the jacket channel (21) through the first Zwischenmantelelementkanal (51) in the web element channel (11, 12) can flow through the web element channel (11, 12) and from the web element channel (11, 12) through the second Zwischenmantelelementkanal ( 52) in the jacket channel (21) can flow.

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