EP4089357A1 - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Abstract

A heat exchanger (100) comprises a jacket element (102) and an insert element (103), the jacket element (102) forming a fluid channel for a fluid to be temperature-controlled. The insert element (103) is arranged in the fluid channel. The insert element (103) contains a plurality of web elements (109, 110) which are connected to the casing element (102) at different points. At least some of the web elements (109, 110) contain web element channels (111, 112) which are in fluid-conducting connection with the casing element (102), so that in the operating state a heat transfer fluid which is fed to the casing element (102) can penetrate the web elements (109, 110), the jacket element (102) containing a plurality of chambers for a heat transfer fluid, the chambers containing at least one inlet opening and one outlet opening for the heat transfer fluid, the inlet opening and the outlet opening of the chamber being connected to the web element channels of two web elements each is, which belong to the same web element series.

Description

background

The invention relates to a heat exchanger for temperature control of a fluid. The heat exchanger includes a shell member and an insert member. The jacket element of the heat exchanger is designed to hold a heat transfer fluid. The jacket element forms a peripherally closed fluid channel for a fluid which flows through the heat exchanger when in use and is heated or cooled by the heat exchange with the jacket element. To improve heat transfer, such a jacket element is often designed as a double jacket. The double jacket represents a chamber through which a heat transfer fluid can flow.

State of the art

For example, in the document EP3444097 A2 shown a cooling element and a mixing element for a plastic melt. The plastic melt is mixed by means of the previously known mixing element and the plastic melt is cooled by means of the cooling element. The cooling element has a double jacket in order to cool the wall flow, ie the plastic melt flowing near the inner wall of the jacket element. When the plastic melt hits the mixing element, which protrudes into the core flow and has a corresponding guide element for this purpose, the wall flow and the core flow can be mixed with one another. The plastic melt flowing along the wall is deflected by the guide element in such a way that it is introduced into the core flow, as a result of which heat exchange between the cooled wall flow and the core flow is made possible.

If the heat transfer through the double jacket is not sufficient for the temperature control of the fluid, as in the EP 2851118 A1 is shown, webs may be provided through which the heat transfer fluid located in the double jacket can flow. The webs are arranged in such a way that they traverse the fluid channel. The webs contain channels for the heat transfer fluid, which are in fluid communication with the chamber formed by the double jacket. It has been found that the heat transfer between the fluid and the heat transfer fluid can be improved with these webs. In addition, a mixing effect can be achieved by means of the webs, which means that, for example, a fluid consisting of several components can also be mixed through the webs designed as a mixer insert, which reduces the mixing effect Comparison to conventional tube bundle heat exchangers, see for example DE 199 53 612 A1 , improved. Such web elements are also in the EP3 489 603 A1 used. Cooling channels in the form of tubes with a circular cross-section can also be used for cooling bulk materials WO2018/023101 A1 or EP1 123730 A2 or in the form of tubes with a square cross-section according to DE 296 18 460 U1 or in the form of cooling channels with a zigzag cross-sectional shape according to FIG EP 0 004 081 A2 be provided. it's over EP 3 431 911 A1 also known to arrange multiply branched hollow structures consisting of pipe sections in a pipe. A heat transfer fluid, for example oil, flows through the hollow structures, and a compressible fluid, for example air, flows around the hollow structures.

In all previously known solutions, which show web elements or tubes through which fluid flows, the heat transfer fluid is distributed to the web elements or tubes via a distribution channel and passes from the web elements or tubes into a collecting channel. The distribution channel thus contains only a single inlet and the inlet openings for the bar elements, the collector channel contains all the outlet openings of the bar elements and a single outlet. However, it has been shown that the heat transfer fluid flowing through the web elements or tubes flows through the webs at very different speeds. Due to the design, the inlet openings of the web elements are arranged in the distribution channel at different distances from the inlet. Due to the design, the outlet openings of the web elements are arranged in the collector channel at different distances from the outlet. Due to the structural arrangement of the inlet openings in the distributor channel and the outlet openings in the collector channel, different flow speeds result for the heat transfer fluid. Therefore, with an increase in the number of web elements, such as in the EP 1 123 730 A2 shown, or an enlargement of the cross section of the web elements through which fluid flows, as in FIG EP 0 004 081 A2 disclosed, does not necessarily achieve a further improvement in the heat transfer, because the design-related different distances and thus the different flow velocities are maintained even with an increase in the bar elements or an increase in the cross section of the bar elements through which fluid flows.

object of the invention

It is therefore the object of the invention to ensure that as far as possible all chambers and the web element channels are flowed through by the heat transfer fluid evenly. Besides, it is The object of the invention is to keep the pressure loss of the heat transfer fluid flowing through the web elements as low as possible or to reduce it to the lowest possible value in order to reduce energy costs for funding and/or pressure-increasing means, for example for pumps.

Description of the invention

The object of the invention is achieved by a heat exchanger according to claim 1. Advantageous variants of the heat exchanger are the subject of claims 2 to 11. A method for temperature control of a fluid by means of a heat exchanger having the features of claim 1 is the subject of claim 12. Advantageous method variants are Subject of claims 13 to 15.

When the term "for example" is used in the following description, this term refers to exemplary embodiments and/or embodiments, which is not necessarily to be construed as a more preferred application of the teachings of the invention. Similarly, the terms "preferably", "preferred" should be understood as referring to one example from a set of exemplary embodiments and/or embodiments, which should not necessarily be construed as a preferred application of the teachings of the invention. Accordingly, the terms "for example," "preferably," or "preferred" may refer to a plurality of exemplary embodiments and/or embodiments.

The following detailed description contains various exemplary embodiments for a heat exchanger. The description of a particular heat exchanger is to be considered as an example only. In the specification and claims, the terms "include", "comprise", "have" are interpreted as "including but not limited to".

If the term "fluid" is used in the following description, this term also stands for "flowable medium" or "fluid mixture".

The object of the invention is achieved by a heat exchanger that includes a jacket element and an insert element, with the jacket element forming a fluid channel for a fluid to be temperature-controlled. The insert element is arranged in the fluid channel. The insert member includes a plurality of web members connected to the shell member at different locations. The bar elements are arranged in at least a first row of bar elements and a second row of bar elements. The ridges of each of the first and second rows of ridges are substantially parallel to one another arranged. The angles which the web elements of different rows of web elements enclose with the longitudinal axis of the casing element differ. At least some of the bar elements contain bar element channels which are in fluid-conducting connection with the jacket element, so that in the operating state a heat transfer fluid which is supplied to the jacket element can flow through the bar element channels of the bar elements. The jacket element contains a plurality of chambers for the heat transfer fluid, each of the chambers containing at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening for the heat transfer fluid or being designed as a distribution chamber or as a collection chamber. The inlet opening and the outlet opening of the chamber are connected to the bar element channels of two bar elements each, which belong to the same row of bar elements if the chamber is not designed as a distribution chamber or collection chamber. In particular, the bar element channels of the bar elements of a bar element row, which are adjacent to one another, are fluidly connected via the corresponding chamber.

The web elements can be arranged in at least two sets of web elements, the web elements of each set of web elements being arranged essentially parallel to one another. The angles which the web elements of different sets of web elements enclose with the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger differ at least in part. At least some of the bar elements contain the bar element channels, which are in fluid-conducting connection with the jacket element, so that in the operating state a heat transfer fluid, which is supplied to the jacket element, can flow through the bar element channels of the bar elements. At least one of the chambers can contain a plurality of inlet openings and at least two outlet openings or a plurality of outlet openings and at least two inlet openings for the heat transfer fluid. Thus, at least part of the chambers can contain a plurality of inlet openings and outlet openings. According to one embodiment, at least one of the chambers contains a single inlet opening and a single outlet opening for the heat transfer fluid. Thus, at least some of the chambers may contain a plurality of entry ports and exit ports and some of the chambers may include a single entry port and a single exit port.

In particular, at least a first and a second set of web elements can be provided. The first array of web elements contains the web elements of the first rows of web elements, the center axes of which span a common first web element plane. The second set of web elements contains the web elements of the second rows of web elements, the center axes of which span a common second web element plane. The first Web element level is arranged in particular in a first share angle of -30 degrees to -75 degrees to the longitudinal axis. The second web element level is arranged in particular at a second share angle of 30 degrees to 75 degrees to the longitudinal axis. The web elements of the first set of web elements are aligned parallel to one another, that is to say the web elements of the first set of web elements have the same alignment to one another. The web elements of the second set of web elements are aligned parallel to one another, that is to say the web elements of the second set of web elements have the same alignment to one another. The alignment of the web elements of the first set of web elements differs from the alignment of the web elements of the second set of web elements. According to the Figures 1 to 3 In the exemplary embodiments shown, eight first rows of web elements and eight second rows of web elements are shown.

Of course, any number of first sets of web elements and second sets of web elements can be provided. Each of the first and second families of web elements may contain a different number of web elements. The number of bar elements of each group of bar elements can in particular be at least two. Of course, more than two sets of web elements can be provided, with the web elements of each of the sets of web elements having the same orientation as one another, but having a different orientation to the web elements of each other set of web elements. For example, the web elements of three web element crowds according to FIG. 10 of EP 1 123 730 A2 be aligned.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the inlet openings and the outlet openings, which are located in the same chamber, belong to bar elements of different sets of bar elements. The distance covered by the fluid between the inlet opening and the nearest outlet opening in the same chamber corresponds to the distance between two inlet openings of adjacent unidirectional web element groups. Inlet openings and outlet openings of different sets of web elements can be combined in a common chamber if they belong to rows of web elements whose web elements are aligned parallel to one another.

In particular, the jacket element can contain an inlet for the heat transfer fluid. In particular, the jacket element can contain an outlet for the heat transfer fluid. According to one exemplary embodiment, at least some of the chambers can be at least partially separated from one another by partition walls.

According to one exemplary embodiment, each of the chambers is in fluid-conducting connection for the heat transfer fluid via the web element channels with at least one further chamber. In particular, the inlet openings and/or outlet openings of different chambers can be at least partially connected to one another via web elements that run through the fluid channel. According to this exemplary embodiment, at least part of the heat transfer fluid flows sequentially through a number of mixing chambers. The heat transfer fluid can be remixed and distributed in each of the chambers, which have multiple inlet openings and multiple outlet openings. In particular, it is possible for the heat transfer fluid in the distribution chamber and the collection chamber to flow transversely to the direction of flow of the fluid.

According to an exemplary embodiment, each of the chambers can extend over part of the circumference of the casing element. Thus, several chambers can be arranged side by side on the circumference of the jacket element. In particular, the length of the chamber can be greater than its width. According to one embodiment, the width of the chamber can be at most half the length of the chamber. According to this exemplary embodiment, the length of the chamber is measured parallel to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger. The width of the chamber is measured in a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger. In this context, a normal plane is a plane which is arranged at a right angle, that is to say at an angle of 90 degrees, to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger. The width may extend along a straight line when the heat exchanger is rectangular. The width of the chamber can also extend along a line of curvature, for example in the form of a segment of a circle if the heat exchanger is in the form of a cylinder.

According to one embodiment, at least some of the web elements are oriented at an angle other than 90 degrees to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger. The longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger corresponds to the main flow direction of the fluid. In particular, the angle of the bar elements can differ from one another, in particular at least one first bar element can be arranged crosswise to a second bar element.

Each of the chambers can have a length and a width and a height. The length of the chamber is its dimension parallel to the flow direction of the fluid, i.e. parallel to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger. The width of the chamber corresponds to the dimension transverse to the direction of flow of the fluid, ie the dimension of the chamber measured in a plane normal to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger. In other words, the normal plane is in the right Arranged at an angle to the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger. The height of the chamber corresponds to the distance between the outer wall of the casing element and the inner wall of the casing element. The ratio of the width of a chamber to the length of the chamber can be in the range from 0.1 to 0.5. In other words, according to this exemplary embodiment, the length of the chamber is twice to 10 times greater than its width. The chambers can be formed, for example, as recesses in the casing element. The chambers can also be designed as superstructures of the jacket element. The chambers can be made by metal casting.

According to one exemplary embodiment, the inlet openings and the outlet openings, which are located in the same chamber, belong to bar elements of different sets of bar elements. According to one embodiment, at least four first rows of bar elements and four second rows of bar elements are arranged side by side. For example, the at least four first rows of bar elements and the at least four second rows of bar elements can be arranged in the fluid channel, so that the fluid can flow around them in the operating state. In particular, the same number of first bar element rows as second bar element rows can be provided.

According to one embodiment, at least one of the first or second row of bar elements contains at least ten bar elements. The bar elements of one of the first or second rows of bar elements are in particular connected to the chambers in such a way that the heat transfer fluid can flow through the chambers and the bar element channels of the associated first or second row of bar elements sequentially, i.e. one after the other, in the operating state. The chambers and the bar element channels of the associated first or second row of bar elements are thus flown through in series.

A method for tempering a fluid comprises tempering the fluid by means of a heat exchanger, the heat exchanger comprising a jacket element and an insert element, the fluid flowing in a fluid channel enclosed by a jacket element. The insert element is arranged in the fluid channel, the insert element containing a plurality of web elements which are connected to the shell element at different locations. The bar elements are arranged in at least a first bar element row and a second bar element row, the bar elements of each of the first bar element rows and the second bar element rows being arranged essentially parallel to one another. The angles which the web elements of different rows of web elements enclose with the longitudinal axis of the heat exchanger differ at least partially. At least some of the bar elements contain bar element channels which are in fluid-conducting connection with the jacket element, so that in the operating state a heat transfer fluid which is supplied to the jacket element can flow through the bar element channels of the bar elements. The jacket element contains a plurality of chambers for a heat transfer fluid, each of the chambers containing at least one inlet opening and at least one outlet opening for the heat transfer fluid, so that the heat transfer fluid flows through each of the chambers and the web element channel(s).

In particular, the inlet openings and/or outlet openings of different chambers can be connected to one another via web elements that run through the fluid channel, so that heat transfer takes place between the heat transfer fluid and the fluid via the inner wall of the jacket element and the web elements when the heat transfer fluid passes through the chambers and the web element channels of the web elements flows. According to different variants of the method, the heat transfer fluid flows through the chambers and/or the web element channels in the direction of flow of the fluid and/or counter to the direction of flow of the fluid. If necessary, a distribution chamber, a collection chamber or a deflection chamber can be provided, in which the heat transfer fluid can flow transversely to the direction of flow of the fluid. According to a variant of the method, the heat transfer fluid flows from an outlet opening of one of the chambers to an inlet opening in the respective subsequent chamber through one of the bar element channels, which is arranged in one of the bar elements, which is arranged in the fluid channel, so that the heat transfer fluid flows through the chambers sequentially, i.e. one chamber flows through to the other chamber.

According to a variant of the method, the heat transfer fluid flows from an outlet opening of one of the chambers to an inlet opening in the respective subsequent chamber through one of the bar element channels, which is arranged in one of the bar elements, which is arranged in the fluid channel, so that the heat transfer fluid flows through the bar element channels of the bar elements of the bar element row sequentially .

According to a variant of the method, the heat transfer fluid can flow in the chamber essentially along the connecting line between the centers of the inlet openings leading into the chamber and the outlet openings leading out of the chamber, with the connecting line being arranged at an angle to the central axis of the web element channel, the angle being in the range from 30 degrees to including 160 degrees. In particular, the heat transfer fluid can flow in the web element channels in the direction of flow or counter to the direction of flow of the fluid.

The invention thus relates to a heat exchanger that can be produced inexpensively and that can also be used as a static mixer or a static mixer that can also be designed as a heat exchanger at the same time or can include the function of a heat exchanger. The heat exchanger is suitable in particular for cooling or heating fluids, in which case the fluids can include, for example, viscous or highly viscous fluids, in particular polymers. If such a device is used for processing highly viscous fluids, for example polymer melts, the static mixers used there typically have to withstand nominal pressures of 50 to 400 bar and temperatures of 50 to 300 degrees Celsius.

Heat exchangers are used in many areas of the processing industry. According to one embodiment, a fluid can be moved over at least one stationary insert element. The liner typically includes internals that cause a deflection of the fluid flow that is directed through the interior of the liner, which is bounded by a liner shell member. A heat transfer fluid flows through the built-in elements. The fluid flows through the insert element by generating a pressure gradient. The pressure gradient can be generated, for example, by using pumps.

Brief description of the drawings

The heat exchanger according to the invention is presented below using a few exemplary embodiments.

• Fig. 1a eine Ansicht eines Wärmetauschers nach einem ersten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• Fig. 1b eine Variante des Wärmetauschers gemäss Fig. 1a in einer Schnittdarstellung,
• Fig. 2 eine Ansicht eines Wärmetauschers nach einem zweiten Ausführungsbeispiel,
• Fig. 3 eine Ansicht eines Wärmetauschers nach einem dritten Ausführungsbeispiel.

Show it

• Fig. 1a a view of a heat exchanger according to a first embodiment,
• Fig. 1b a variant of the heat exchanger according to Fig. 1a in a sectional view,
• 2 a view of a heat exchanger according to a second embodiment,
• 3 a view of a heat exchanger according to a third embodiment.

Detailed description of the drawings

Fig. 1a shows a view of a heat exchanger 1 according to a first embodiment of the invention. The heat exchanger according to 1 comprises a jacket element 2 and an insert element 3. The insert element 3 and the jacket element 2 are drawn separately from one another; in the assembled state, the insert element 3 is located inside the jacket element 2. In this illustration, the jacket element 2 is shown as a transparent component, so that all of the Shell element 2 located shell element channels are visible. The heat exchanger 1 for static mixing and heat exchange according to Fig. 1a thus contains a casing element 2 and an insert element 3, the insert element 3 being arranged in the interior of the casing element 2 in the installed state. The jacket element 2 is designed as a hollow body. The insert element 3 is accommodated in the casing element, that is to say in the hollow body. The jacket element 2 has a longitudinal axis 4 which extends essentially in the main flow direction of the fluid which flows through the jacket element 2 in the operating state. A possible direction of flow of the fluid is represented by arrows running in the direction of the longitudinal axis 4 . The longitudinal axis 4 runs through the center point of the opening cross section of the casing element. According to the present illustration, the casing element 2 has a rectangular opening cross section. The longitudinal axis 4 thus runs through the intersection of the diagonals of the rectangle.

The insert element 3 contains a plurality of bar elements 9, 10. According to the present exemplary embodiment, the bar elements 9 and the bar elements 10 have a different angle of inclination in relation to the longitudinal axis 4. According to the present exemplary embodiment, a plurality of bar elements 9 are arranged one behind the other in the direction of flow of the fluid and form a first row of bar elements 41 . A plurality of bar elements 10 are arranged one behind the other in the direction of flow of the fluid and form a second row of bar elements 42 . For the sake of simplicity, reference numerals 9, 10 designate only one each of the web elements of the corresponding first or second web element row 41, 42. An insert element 3 can comprise a plurality of first and/or second web element rows 41,42. The insert element 3 shown contains two first rows of bar elements 41, 43 and two second rows of bar elements 42, 44. According to an exemplary embodiment that is not shown, a single first and second row of bar elements can be provided. The number of first and second rows of web elements can also be greater than one or two. According to the present exemplary embodiment, the first row of bar elements 41 is arranged next to the second row of bar elements 42 . The first bar element row 43 is arranged next to the second bar element row 44 . The alignment of the bar elements 9 of each first row of bar elements 41, 43 thus changes in relation to the orientation of the bar elements 10 of the respectively adjacent second row of bar elements 42, 44.

Each of the web elements 9 has a first end 13 and a second end 14, the first end 13 and the second end 14 of the web element 9 being connected to the casing element 2 at different locations. The bar element 9 contains a bar element channel 11. The bar element channel 11 is only partially shown in the present illustration. Each of the web members 10 has a first end 15 and a second end 16, the first end 15 and the second end 16 of the web member 10 being connected to the shell member 2 at different locations. The bar element 10 contains a bar element channel 12. The bar element channel 12 is only partially shown in the present illustration. Such bar element channels 11,12 are already from EP 2851118 A1 as well as the EP 3489603 A1 or the unpublished EP20207057.9 known. The webs disclosed in these documents are to be regarded as examples of a large number of other possible web shapes. The casing element according to the invention can be used for any number, arrangement or shape of the web elements. The bar element channel 11 extends from the first end 13 of the bar element 9 to the second end 14 of the bar element 9. The bar element channel 12 extends from the first end 15 of the bar element 10 to the second end 16 of the bar element 10. The bar elements 9 can be arranged crosswise to the bar elements 10 be. The web elements 9 can have a first angle of inclination in relation to the longitudinal axis 4 . The web elements 10 can have a second angle of inclination in relation to the longitudinal axis 4 .

The jacket element 2 contains at least one inlet 6 and one outlet 7 for a heat transfer fluid which flows through the heat exchanger in the operating state. The jacket element 2 is at least partially designed as a hollow body, for example as a double jacket. A plurality of chambers 20 are located in the interior of the jacket element 2. These chambers 20 are flowed through by the heat transfer fluid in the operating state. The course of flow of the heat transfer fluid through the jacket element 2 and the insert element 3 within the web element channels 11, 12 is shown in the present illustration by dash-dotted lines with two dots between two adjacent dashes and represented by dashed lines. The double jacket can be formed by an outer shell and an inner shell. The chambers 20 may be formed by partitions extending between the outer shell and the inner shell. The chambers 20 can also be designed as recesses in the casing element 2 . Alternatively or in combination with the above In the exemplary embodiments, the chambers 20 can be designed as superstructures of the jacket element 2 .

At least one of the chambers 20 can be designed as a distribution chamber 21 for the distribution of the heat transfer fluid. At least one of the chambers 20 can be designed as a collection chamber 22 for discharging the heat transfer fluid. The distribution chamber 21 can be connected to an inlet 6 and the collection chamber 22 to an outlet 7 . According to the present exemplary embodiment, the inlet 6 opens into the distribution chamber 21. The inlet 6 contains a tubular element containing an inlet channel for the heat transfer fluid. According to the present exemplary embodiment, the heat transfer fluid leaves the heat exchanger 1 via the outlet 7 which is connected to the collecting chamber 22 . The outlet 7 contains a tubular element containing an outlet channel for the heat transfer fluid.

According to Fig. 1a the chamber 20 extends from the inlet opening 5 to the outlet opening 8 for the heat transfer fluid, which flows through the jacket element 2 in the operating state. According to this exemplary embodiment, a plurality of such chambers 20 extends in a row over at least part of the length of the jacket element 2 . The outermost chambers 20 are formed by the distribution chamber 21 and the collection chamber 22 . According to this exemplary embodiment, the chambers 20 are arranged on the base area and the top area of the casing element 2 . There is a partition wall 30 between adjacent chambers 20 so that the heat transfer fluid cannot flow into adjacent chambers. The chambers 20 contain at least one inlet opening 5 and one outlet opening 8 for the heat transfer fluid, which flows through the jacket element 2 in the operating state.

According to this exemplary embodiment, the heat transfer fluid flows in the bar element row 42 and in the bar element row 44 first in a cross-countercurrent flow and then in a cross-cocurrent flow to the fluid. The heat transfer fluid flows in the bar element row 41 and in the bar element row 43 first in a cross-cocurrent and then in a cross-countercurrent to the fluid. According to an exemplary embodiment that is not shown, the direction of flow of the heat transfer fluid is reversed, ie the positions of the inlet 6 and the outlet 7 are reversed. According to an exemplary embodiment that is not shown, the direction of flow of the fluid is reversed, ie the direction of flow of the fluid is opposite to the direction of the arrow.

Fig. 1b shows a variant of the heat exchanger according to Fig. 1a in a sectional view. According to Fig. 1b only a first row of web elements 41 and a second row of web elements 42 are shown, which form the insert element 3 . The first row of web elements 41 contains two web elements 9, only one of which is provided with a reference number. The second row of web elements 42 contains two web elements 10, only one of which is provided with a reference number. Each of the web members 9 includes a web member channel 11 extending from a first end 13 to a second end 14 of the corresponding web member 9 . Each of the web members 10 includes a web member channel 12 extending from a first end 15 to a second end 16 of the corresponding web member 10 .

The casing element 2 contains a plurality of chambers 20, of which only a single chamber 20 is also provided with a reference number. One of these chambers 20 is shown cut open in the sectional view. Two bar element channels 11 of two adjacent bar elements 9 of the first bar element row 41 are connected to one another via the chamber 20 . Another chamber 20 is shown behind the chamber 20 shown in section. Two bar element channels 12 of two adjacent bar elements 10 of the second bar element row 42 are connected to one another via the further chamber 20 . In addition, Fig. 1b an inlet 6 and an outlet 7 for a heat transfer fluid 17 are shown. The flow direction of the heat transfer fluid 17 through the chambers 20 and the web element channels 11, 12 of the web elements 9, 10 is in Fig. 1b marked by arrows. The direction of flow of a fluid 18, which flows in the fluid channel formed by the casing element 2, is also marked with arrows.

A distribution chamber 21 and a collection chamber 22 are also shown. In the distribution chamber 21, which is shown partially in section, the heat transfer fluid 17 supplied through the inlet 6 is introduced into the bar element channels 11 of the bar elements 9 of a first bar element set and into the bar element channels 12 of the bar elements 10 of a second bar element set. The web element channel 11 opens into the chamber 20. The heat transfer fluid 17 flows through the chamber 20 and is introduced into the web element channel 11 of the web element 9 of a further web element group parallel to the first web element group.

According to Fig. 1b a first and a second set of web elements are provided. The first set of web elements contains the web elements 9 of the first row of web elements 41, the center axes of which each span a common first web element plane. The second Bar elements group contains the bar elements of the second bar element rows, whose center axes span a common second bar element plane. One of the first bar element levels is in Fig. 1b shown. The first web element level contains the web element central axis 23 of the first web element channel 11 of the web element 9 . The web elements of the first set of web elements are aligned parallel to one another, that is to say the web elements of the first set of web elements have the same alignment to one another.

One of the second bar element levels is in Fig. 1b shown. The second web element plane contains the web element central axis 24 of the second web element channel 12 of the web element 10. The second web element plane is arranged in particular at a second share angle 26 of 30 degrees to 75 degrees to the longitudinal axis 4. The web elements of the second set of web elements are aligned parallel to one another, that is to say the web elements of the second set of web elements have the same alignment to one another.

The alignment of the web elements of the first set of web elements differs from the alignment of the web elements of the second set of web elements. In Fig. 1b two first rows of web elements and two second rows of web elements are shown. Of course, any number of first sets of web elements and second sets of web elements can be provided. Each of the first and second families of web elements may contain a different number of web elements. The number of bar elements of each group of bar elements can in particular be at least two. Of course, more than two sets of web elements can be provided, with the web elements of each of the sets of web elements having the same orientation as one another, but having a different orientation to the web elements of each other set of web elements. For example, the web elements of three web element crowds according to FIG. 10 of EP 1 123 730 A2 be aligned.

According to the Fig. 1a , 2 and 3 In the exemplary embodiments shown, eight first rows of web elements and eight second rows of web elements are shown.

2 shows a view of a heat exchanger 100 according to a second embodiment of the invention. The heat exchanger 100 according to 2 comprises a jacket element 102 and an insert element 103. The insert element 103 and the jacket element 102 are drawn separately from one another; the insert element is in the assembled state 103 inside the casing element 102. In the representation according to 2 the cladding element 102 is shown as a transparent component, so that all cladding element channels located in the cladding element 102 are visible. The heat exchanger 100 for static mixing and heat exchange according to 2 thus contains a jacket element 102 and an insert element 103, wherein the insert element 103 is arranged in the installed state inside the jacket element 102. The jacket element 102 is partially designed as a hollow body. The insert element 103 is accommodated in the casing element, ie in the hollow body formed by the casing element 102 . The jacket element 102 has a longitudinal axis 104 which extends essentially in the main flow direction of the fluid which flows through the jacket element 102 in the operating state. A possible direction of flow of the fluid is represented by arrows running in the direction of the longitudinal axis 104 . The longitudinal axis 104 runs through the center point of the opening cross-section of the casing element. According to the present illustration, the casing element 102 has a rectangular opening cross section. The longitudinal axis 104 thus runs through the intersection of the diagonals of the rectangle.

According to the present exemplary embodiment, the insert element 103 contains a plurality of bar elements 109, 110. The bar elements 109 and the bar elements 110 have a different angle of inclination in relation to the longitudinal axis 104. A plurality of bar elements 109 are arranged one behind the other in the direction of flow of the fluid and form a first row of bar elements 141 . A plurality of bar elements 110 are arranged one behind the other in the direction of flow of the fluid and form a second row of bar elements 142 . For the sake of simplicity, reference numerals 109, 110 designate only one each of the web elements of the corresponding first or second web element row 141,142. The insert element 103 shown contains two first rows of bar elements 141, 143 and two second rows of bar elements 142, 144. According to an exemplary embodiment that is not shown, a single first and second row of bar elements can be provided. The number of first and second rows of web elements can also be greater than one or two. According to the present exemplary embodiment, the first rows of web elements 141, 143 are arranged next to one another. The second rows of web elements 142, 144 are also arranged side by side.

Each of the web elements 109 has a first end 113 and a second end 114, the first end 113 and the second end 114 of the web element 109 being connected to the casing element 102 are connected at different locations. The web member 109 includes a web member channel 111. Each of the web members 110 has a first end 115 and a second end 116, with the first end 115 and second end 116 of the web member 110 being connected to the shell member 102 at different locations. The bar element 110 contains a bar element channel 112. The bar element channels 111, 112 are only partially shown in the present illustration. Such web element channels are already from EP 2851118 A1 as well as the EP 3489603 A1 or the unpublished EP20207057.9 known. The bar elements disclosed in these documents are to be regarded as examples of a large number of other possible bar shapes. The jacket element 102 according to the invention can be used for any number, arrangement or shape of the web elements. The bar element channel 111 extends from the first end 113 of the bar element 109 to the second end 114 of the bar element 109. The bar element channel 112 extends from the first end 115 of the bar element 110 to the second end 116 of the bar element 110. The bar elements 109 can be arranged crosswise to the bar elements 110 be. The web elements 109 can have a first angle of inclination in relation to the longitudinal axis 104 . The web elements 110 can have a second angle of inclination with respect to the longitudinal axis 104 .

The jacket element 102 contains at least one inlet 106 and one outlet 107 for a heat transfer fluid which flows through the heat exchanger in the operating state. The jacket element 102 is at least partially designed as a hollow body, for example as a double jacket. A plurality of chambers 120 are located in the interior of the jacket element 102. These chambers 120 are traversed by the heat transfer fluid in the operating state. The course of flow of the heat transfer fluid through the jacket element 102 and the insert element 103 within the web element channels 111, 112 is shown in the present illustration by dash-dotted lines with two dots between two adjacent dashes and represented by dashed lines. In 2 an exploded view was chosen to show the chambers 120 in the shell element. The jacket element 102 can be designed as a double jacket. The double jacket can be formed by an outer shell and an inner shell. The chambers 120 may be formed by partitions extending between the outer shell and the inner shell. The chambers 120 can also be designed as recesses in the jacket element 102 . Alternatively or in combination with the aforementioned exemplary embodiments, the chambers 120 can be designed as structures of the jacket element 102 .

At least one of the chambers 120 can be designed as a distribution chamber 121 for distribution of the heat transfer fluid. At least one of the chambers 120 can be designed as a collection chamber 122 for discharging the heat transfer fluid. The distribution chamber 121 can be connected to an inlet 106 and the collection chamber 122 to an outlet 107 . According to the present exemplary embodiment, the inlet 106 opens into the distribution chamber 121. The inlet 106 contains a tubular element containing an inlet channel for the heat transfer fluid. According to the present exemplary embodiment, the heat transfer fluid leaves the heat exchanger 100 via the outlet 107, which is connected to the collection chamber 122. The outlet 107 contains a tubular element containing an outlet channel for the heat transfer fluid.

According to 2 the chamber 120 extends from the inlet opening 105 to the outlet opening 108 for the heat transfer fluid, which flows through the jacket element 102 in the operating state. A plurality of such chambers 120 extend in a row for at least part of the length of the shell member 102. The outermost chambers 120 are formed by the distribution chamber 121 and the collection chamber 122. According to this exemplary embodiment, the chambers 120 are arranged on the base area and the top area of the casing element 102 . There is a partition wall 130 between adjacent chambers 120 so that the heat transfer fluid cannot flow into adjacent chambers. The chambers 120 contain at least one inlet opening 105 and one outlet opening 108 for the heat transfer fluid, which flows through the jacket element 102 in the operating state.

In 2 two chambers 120 are also shown, each containing two inlet openings 105 and two outlet openings 108 . According to this exemplary embodiment, the heat transfer fluid flows in cross-current to the fluid. The fluid could also flow in cross-countercurrent to the heat transfer fluid, as in 1 shown. According to this exemplary embodiment, the heat transfer fluid in the bar element row 142 and in the bar element row 144 first flows in a cross-countercurrent and then in a cross-cocurrent to the fluid. The heat transfer fluid flows in the bar element row 141 and in the bar element row 143 first in a cross cocurrent and then in a cross countercurrent to the fluid. According to an exemplary embodiment that is not shown, the direction of flow of the heat transfer fluid is reversed, ie the positions of the inlet and outlet are reversed. According to an exemplary embodiment that is not shown, the direction of flow of the fluid is reversed, ie the direction of flow of the fluid is opposite to the direction of the arrow.

3 shows a view of a heat exchanger 200 according to a third embodiment of the invention. The heat exchanger 200 according to 3 comprises a jacket element 202 and an insert element 203. The insert element 203 and the jacket element 202 are drawn separately from one another; in the assembled state, the insert element 203 is located inside the jacket element 202. In this illustration, the jacket element 202 is shown as a transparent component, so that all of the Shell element 202 located shell element channels are visible. The heat exchanger 200 for static mixing and heat exchange according to 3 thus contains a casing element 202 and an insert element 203, the insert element 203 being arranged in the interior of the casing element 202 in the installed state. The jacket element 202 is partially designed as a hollow body. The insert element 203 is accommodated in the jacket element, that is to say in the hollow body. The jacket element 202 has a longitudinal axis 204 which extends essentially in the main flow direction of the fluid which flows through the jacket element 202 in the operating state. A possible direction of flow of the fluid is represented by arrows running in the direction of the longitudinal axis 204 . The longitudinal axis 204 runs through the center point of the opening cross-section of the casing element. According to the present illustration, the casing element 202 has a rectangular opening cross section. The longitudinal axis 204 thus runs through the intersection of the diagonals of the rectangle.

According to the present exemplary embodiment, the insert element 203 contains a plurality of bar elements 209, 210. The bar elements 209 and the bar elements 210 have a different angle of inclination in relation to the longitudinal axis 204. A plurality of bar elements 209 are arranged one behind the other in the direction of flow of the fluid and form a first row of bar elements 241 . A plurality of bar elements 210 are arranged one behind the other in the direction of flow of the fluid and form a second row of bar elements 242 . For the sake of simplicity, reference numerals 209, 210 designate only one each of the web elements of the corresponding first or second web element row 241, 242. The insert element 203 can comprise a plurality of first and/or second web element rows 241, 242. The insert element 203 shown contains two first rows of bar elements 241, 243 and two second rows of bar elements 242, 244. According to an exemplary embodiment that is not shown, a single first and second row of bar elements can be provided. The number of first and second rows of web elements can also be greater than one or two. According to the present exemplary embodiment, the first rows of web elements 241, 243 are next to one another arranged. The second rows of web elements 242, 244 are also arranged side by side.

Each of the web members 209 has a first end 213 and a second end 214, with the first end 213 and the second end 214 of the web member 209 being connected to the shell member 202 at different locations. The web element 209 contains a web element channel 211. Only the inlet opening of the web element channel 211 is shown in the present illustration. Each of the web members 210 has a first end 215 and a second end 216, with the first end 215 and the second end 216 of the web member 210 being connected to the shell member 202 at different locations. The bar element 210 contains a bar element channel 212. Only the outlet opening of the bar element channel 212 is shown in the present illustration. Such web element channels are already from EP 2851118 A1 as well as the EP 3489603 A1 or the unpublished EP20207057.9 known. The bar elements disclosed in these documents are to be regarded as examples of a large number of other possible bar shapes. The jacket element 202 according to the invention can be used for any number, arrangement or shape of the web elements. The bar element channel 211 extends from the first end 213 of the bar element 209 to the second end 214 of the bar element 209. The bar element channel 212 extends from the first end 215 of the bar element 210 to the second end 216 of the bar element 210.

The bar elements 209 can be arranged crosswise to the bar elements 210 . The web elements 209 can have a first angle of inclination in relation to the longitudinal axis 204 . The web members 210 may have a second angle of inclination with respect to the longitudinal axis 204 .

The jacket element 202 contains at least one inlet 206 and one outlet 207 for a heat transfer fluid which flows through the heat exchanger in the operating state. The jacket element 202 is at least partially designed as a hollow body, for example as a double jacket, ie inside the jacket element 202 there are a plurality of chambers 220. These chambers 220 are traversed by the heat transfer fluid in the operating state. The course of flow of the heat transfer fluid through the jacket element 202 and the insert element 203 within the web element channels 211, 212 is shown in the present illustration by dash-dotted lines with two dots between two adjacent dashes for the flow through the web element rows 243 and 244 and by dashed lines for the Flow through the web element rows 241 and 242 shown. In 3 an exploded view was chosen here, according to which the insert element 203 is arranged outside the casing element 202 in order to show the chambers 220 in the casing element. The jacket element 202 can be designed as a double jacket. The double jacket can be formed by an outer shell and an inner shell. The chambers 220 may be formed by partitions extending between the outer shell and the inner shell. The chambers 220 can also be designed as recesses in the jacket element 202 . Alternatively or in combination with the aforementioned exemplary embodiments, the chambers 220 can be designed as structures of the jacket element 202 .

At least one of the chambers 220 can be designed as a distribution chamber 221 for distribution of the heat transfer fluid. At least one of the chambers 220 can be designed as a collection chamber 222 for discharging the heat transfer fluid. The distribution chamber 221 can be connected to an inlet 206 and the collection chamber 222 to an outlet 207 . According to the present exemplary embodiment, the inlet 206 opens into the distribution chamber 221. The inlet 206 contains a tubular element containing an inlet channel for the heat transfer fluid. According to the present embodiment, the heat transfer fluid leaves the heat exchanger 200 via the outlet 207, which connects to the collection chamber 222. The outlet 207 contains a tubular element containing an outlet channel for the heat transfer fluid.

According to 3 the chamber 220 extends from the inlet opening 205 to the outlet opening 208 for the heat transfer fluid, which flows through the jacket element 202 in the operating state. According to this exemplary embodiment, a plurality of such chambers 220 extends in a row over at least part of the length of the casing element 202. The outermost chambers 220 are at one end of the casing element, in 3 the exit end for the fluid, formed by the distribution chamber 221 and the collection chamber 222. According to this exemplary embodiment, the chambers 220 are arranged on the base area and the top area of the casing element 202 . There is a partition wall 230 between adjacent chambers 220 so that the heat transfer fluid cannot flow into adjacent chambers. The chambers 220 contain at least one inlet opening 205 and one outlet opening 208 for the heat transfer fluid, which flows through the jacket element 202 in the operating state.

In 3 a chamber 220 is also shown, which contains two inlet openings 205 and two outlet openings 208 each. This chamber is 220 in the present illustration located at the entry end of the shell member 202. This chamber 220 is designed as a deflection chamber 223 . According to this exemplary embodiment, the heat transfer fluid first flows in a cross-countercurrent and then in a cross-cocurrent to the fluid. The heat transfer fluid could also first flow in a cross-cocurrent and then in a cross-countercurrent to the fluid if either the flow direction of the heat transfer fluid or the flow direction of the fluid is reversed.

According to each of the preceding exemplary embodiments, the web elements can be connected to the casing element by gluing, soldering, casting, an additive manufacturing process, welding, clamping, shrinking or combinations thereof. Gluing, soldering or welding can be done from the inside and/or from the outside. In particular, the jacket element and the web elements can be formed in one piece. According to one exemplary embodiment, the web element channel can run without kinks. According to one exemplary embodiment, the web element channel can transition into the chamber without kinks.

The web element channels in the web elements extend from the first end to the second end of the web element, which directly adjoins the inner wall of the shell element. According to one exemplary embodiment, there is an opening in the jacket element, which opening can be designed as an inlet opening or outlet opening. The opening has at least the same cross-sectional area as the cross-sectional area of the web element channel adjoining the opening.

At least part of the web elements thus extends over the entire width dimension or height dimension or the or the average diameter of the casing element. The mean diameter corresponds to the inner diameter of the jacket element when the jacket element is designed as a circular tube. The mean diameter for an angular shell element is defined as its perimeter / n (pi), so it is an equivalent diameter. In particular, the length of the bar element channel can be at least 10% greater than the mean diameter when the bar element channel crosses the central axis. The length of this web element channel can in particular be at least 20% greater than the mean diameter, particularly preferably at least 30% greater than the mean diameter.

The dimensions of a bar element are determined by its length, width and thickness. The length of the bar member is measured from the first end of the bar member to the second end of the bar member. The length of the bar element channel essentially corresponds to the length of the bar element.

The width of the bar element is essentially measured transversely to the direction of flow. That is, the width extends substantially in a plane normal to the length of the web member and showing the cross section of the web member. The cross section of the web element is characterized by its width and its thickness. The length of at least the longest web element is at least 5 times as great as its width.

The width of the web element is 0.5 to 5 times its thickness, advantageously 0.75 to 3 times its thickness. If the width of the web element is 1 to 2 times as large as its thickness, a particularly preferred range results for which particularly good cross-mixing can be achieved. The width of the web member is defined as the normal distance extending from the first edge and the second edge of the web member on the upstream side. The width of the bar element on the inflow side can differ from the width measured on the outflow side of the bar element.

Edge is understood to mean the edge of the bar element against which the fluid flows and around which it extends essentially parallel to the length of the bar element. The thickness of the web element can be variable. The minimum thickness is less than 75% and advantageously less than 50% less than the maximum thickness. The variations can be caused, for example, by ribs, indentations, nubs, wedge-shaped webs or some other shape or unevenness.

The web element can be characterized in that flat surfaces, convex or concave surfaces are present in the direction of flow, which offer a contact surface for the flowing fluid. These surfaces aligned in the direction of flow bring about an increased outflow resistance, in particular in comparison with a tubular element, which can bring about improved heat transfer.

The web element channel, which runs inside the web element, preferably has an inner diameter which corresponds to a maximum of 75% of the thickness of the web element. In principle, a plurality of bar element channels, in particular running essentially parallel, can also be contained in a bar element.

The transition from at least one of the first and second ends of the web element to the casing element advantageously takes place without a gap. According to one exemplary embodiment, the web elements and the jacket element therefore consist of a single component, which is preferably produced by a casting process. characteristic of the property that the transition is gap-free is a smooth transition from the web element to the jacket element. In particular, curves can be provided at the edges in the transition area from the web element to the jacket element, so that the flow of the castable material is not impaired during the production process. The bar element channels run inside the bar elements, so that there is no connection between the channels inside the bar elements and the space surrounding the bar elements.

In a casting process, a monolithic structure is produced, at least in segments, consisting of groups of web elements arranged at an angle other than zero relative to the main flow direction and a jacket element which is firmly connected to at least some of the web elements and which can be designed as a jacket tube. Instead of a casting process, an additive manufacturing process can also be used.

Alternatively, there is also the possibility that the openings of the jacket element match the outer contour of the web element. According to this exemplary embodiment, the web element can be pushed through the opening of the casing element and thus positioned in the interior of the casing element. According to this exemplary embodiment, the web element can be connected to the casing element by gluing, soldering, welding, clamping, pressing in, or shrinking.

The web element channels for the heat transfer fluid in the web elements can be produced by the casting process described earlier or by an additive manufacturing method. However, the web element channels can also be produced by subsequent processing such as eroding or drilling. A heat transfer fluid can include any liquid, such as water or oils, but also a gas, such as air.

The web elements can be arranged at an angle of approximately 25 to 75 degrees, in particular at an angle of approximately 30 to 60 degrees, to the main direction of flow. The bar elements can form groups of bar elements, the group of bar elements containing bar elements which are arranged parallel to one another and whose central axes lie in a common plane. The central axes of the bar elements form the line of intersection of the common plane of the bar element set with the common plane of the corresponding bar element row. The bar elements of a group of bar elements can be located in a common group level. According to one embodiment, the first and second group levels intersect. According to a further exemplary embodiment, a bar element of the first group of bar elements to a bar element of the second group of bar elements. According to this exemplary embodiment, adjacent bar elements therefore have a different alignment, since they belong to different sets of bar elements, which is the arrangement of the bar elements according to 1 is equivalent to. According to the 2 and 3 In the exemplary embodiments shown, adjacent bar elements of bar element rows 141, 241 and 143, 243 or adjacent bar elements of bar element rows 142, 242 and 144, 244 have the same orientation, since they each belong to the same bar element family.

According to one exemplary embodiment, bar elements of different groups of bar elements intersect, since an improved heat exchange can be achieved in this way. The angle between two crossing web elements is advantageously 25 to 75 degrees. Any number of bar elements can be arranged one behind the other in each of the rows of bar elements. The maximum number of bar element rows lying next to one another in the casing element is determined by the width dimension of the casing element. The row of bar elements is characterized in that the central axes of all bar elements lie in essentially the same plane of the row. In particular, 6 to 40 bar elements, for example 6 to 30 bar elements, are arranged parallel to one another in a row of bar elements. According to the present exemplary embodiment, 8 bar elements are arranged in a row of bar elements as an example. According to the exemplary embodiments, two bar elements are arranged in a bar element group in each of the 8 groups of bar elements.

Any number of bar elements can be arranged one behind the other in the row of bar elements, viewed in the main flow direction. The web elements arranged one behind the other are advantageously arranged in such a way that they overlap in order to accommodate as much active heat exchange surface as possible in a small apparatus volume. Overlapping means that at least some of the web elements of a first set of web elements and some of the web elements of a subsequent set of web elements and/or a preceding set of web elements are arranged in the same pipe section, seen in the main flow direction. The projection of the length of the web element on the longitudinal axis gives a length L1 and the projection of the overlapping part of the web elements of the adjacent set of web elements on the longitudinal axis gives a length L2, where L2 is less than L1 and L2 is greater than 0. The pipe section under consideration is defined in such a way that it has the length L1, ie it extends from a centrally arranged Web element extends from its first end to its second end in the projection onto the longitudinal axis.

Since the mixing effect in rows of web elements arranged in the same direction in a row takes place only in one plane, after a certain number of rows of web elements the alignment can be changed in such a way that the rows of web elements are advantageously offset from one another. In particular, two up to and including 20 rows of web elements are provided, particularly preferably 4 up to and including 8 rows of web elements. The displacement between the gangs of web elements that are aligned in the same way is advantageously carried out by an angle of 80 to 100 degrees. This means that the second set of web elements is aligned around the longitudinal axis at an angle of 80 to 100 degrees in relation to the first set of web elements.

In addition to the above-described sets of intersecting web elements, sets of web elements containing web elements that only extend from the inner wall of the casing element to the crossing line with the other set of web elements can also be arranged, especially in the end area of parallel web element sets that are aligned in the same way. These bar element groups are referred to below as half intersecting bar element groups. These bar element groups lead to an additional increase in mixing performance. Due to the better mixing effect and the additional heat conduction effects of the web element material, the heat exchange is additionally increased.

According to one embodiment, the web elements can form a first and a second set of web elements. Each of the first and second families of web elements can span a first or second group level. In particular, the first group level of the first set of web elements can intersect with the second group level of the second set of web elements in such a way that a common crossing line is formed, which has an intersection with the longitudinal axis or runs essentially transversely to the longitudinal axis and/or in a normal plane to the crossing line, which contains the longitudinal axis, has a minimum distance from the longitudinal axis. According to one exemplary embodiment, at least one group of web elements can be provided, which extends essentially up to the crossing line.
The web elements in a first and second family of web elements may touch one another or have gaps between them. It is also possible to connect the intermediate spaces with connecting webs arranged transversely to the fluid flow direction.

Heat transfer fluid can also flow through different sections or segments of the heat exchanger through separate jacket channels, so that the heat exchanger contains different sections or segments through which heat transfer fluid of different temperatures can flow. This allows a different temperature control in the individual segments. It has been shown that for high heat transfer in a small apparatus volume with jacket element diameters of 60 mm and more, at least half of all web elements should be flowed through by the heat transfer fluid.

It has been shown that a casting method, an additive manufacturing method, a soldering method, an adhesive method, a shrinking method, a clamping method and a welding method can be cost-effective manufacturing methods for bar elements and a jacket element monolithically connected to the bar elements without any gaps. The insert element, comprising the sets of web elements with the corresponding web elements, can be manufactured in one piece. Alternatively, the insert element can consist of individual segments that are subsequently connected, for example by welding or screwed flange connections or by bracing. Furthermore, the outer geometry of the bar elements and the bar element geometry as well as the geometry of the bar element channels for the heat transfer fluid can be easily decoupled for a welding process as well as for a casting process. For example, rectangular profiles can advantageously be used for the outer geometry of the bar elements, and the bar element channel geometry can advantageously be selected as a round cross section, that is to say in particular a circular or oval cross section. Therefore, web elements with an ideal profile for cross-mixing and/or high inherent strength can be produced for large maximum fluid pressures. It has been shown that the bar element channels for the heat transfer fluid in the bar elements are advantageously produced after the casting process by eroding and even more advantageously by drilling, so that bar element channels with small diameters can also be produced.

It has also been shown that with the array of web elements according to the invention and especially with arrays of web elements in which adjacent web elements intersect and/or especially with overlapping groups of web elements, a very good heat transfer and/or a high mixing performance can be generated. In particular, the arrangement of a second set of web elements, which is offset by 80 to 100 degrees to the first set of web elements, can be beneficial for good heat transfer. Surprisingly, it has also been shown that the attachment of additional chambers and especially viscous fluids, a further improvement in heat transfer and/or mixing performance can be achieved.

The heat transfer and/or the mixing performance in the vicinity of the inner wall of the jacket element is also significantly improved by the direct transition of the web elements into the jacket element, since boundary layers of the fluid located on the inner wall are also involved in achieving optimal heat transfer or a homogeneous mixture. In particular, not only an optimal renewal of the boundary layers between the fluid and the jacket element, but also between the fluid and the web element surface can be generated. Optimal boundary layer renewal therefore leads to optimal use of the heat exchange surface. The optimal use of the heat exchange surface also means that the heat exchanger for a given cooling or heating task can be built with an even smaller apparatus volume and with a lower pressure loss.

Thanks to the optimized heat transfer, the heat exchanger according to the invention shows a very narrow range of residence times for the fluid to be heated or cooled. As a result, deposits or decomposition of fluid can be prevented in the best possible way. For cooling tasks that involve the cooling of a viscous fluid, such as a polymer, a very low melt temperature close to the glass transition point can be achieved thanks to the optimal renewal of the boundary layers. This in particular avoids solidified polymer being deposited on the heat exchange surfaces. The direct transition of the individual web elements into the jacket element and the use of the chambers for the heat transfer fluid that covers as much area as possible also leads to a stable construction that is also suitable for operation with high fluid operating pressures. As a result, the heat exchanger according to the invention can be built very compactly, especially for operation with viscous fluids. The heat exchanger is basically suitable for mixing and cooling or heating any fluids such as liquids and gases, but especially for viscous and very viscous fluids such as polymers.

The jacket element and the insert element can contain castable or weldable materials, for example metals, ceramics, plastics or combinations of these materials can be used.

A method for producing a heat exchanger, which contains an insert element and a shell element, wherein the insert element has at least one web element arranged at an angle other than zero relative to the main flow direction and a shell element fixedly connected to the web element, comprises the following process steps. The web element and the insert shell element are produced by an adhesive method, a soldering method, a casting method, an additive manufacturing method, a welding method, a clamping method or a shrink-fitting method or combinations thereof. The bar element contains a bar element channel, which is produced by the casting process or an additive manufacturing process together with the insert casing element or is produced in a further work step by means of a drilling process or an eroding process.

Between the insert element and the jacket element, as in EP3489603 A1 described, an intermediate jacket element can be arranged, which contains a first intermediate jacket element channel and a second intermediate jacket element channel, the intermediate jacket element being positioned in the jacket element and the insert element being positioned in the intermediate jacket element in such a way that the heat transfer fluid can flow from the jacket channel through the first intermediate jacket element channel into the web element channel Can flow through web element channel and flow from the web element channel through the second intermediate jacket element channel into the jacket channel.

The use of an intermediate shell member has several advantages. In this way, the insert element can be made significantly thinner and lighter. A different material, for example a higher quality material, can therefore be used for the insert element than for the intermediate shell element. In particular, the insert element can contain a material that has high thermal conductivity or high resistance to chemicals, for example corrosion resistance. The insert element can be produced in one piece together with the web elements by an additive manufacturing process or a casting process. Since the production of the insert element is very complex, it can be kept in stock as a semi-finished product and the intermediate casing element can be adapted to the required wall thickness depending on the application and the nominal pressure. The jacket element, which surrounds the intermediate jacket element, can be designed as a further double jacket, through which the heat transfer fluid flows in the operating state. The heat transfer fluid passes through the openings in the jacket element and in the intermediate jacket element as well as in the insert jacket element to at least one of the bar elements, so that it can flow through the bar element or elements.

The invention is not limited to the present exemplary embodiments. The bar elements can differ in their number and in their dimensions. Of Furthermore, the number of web element channels in the web elements can differ depending on the required heat requirement for the heat transfer. The angle of inclination which the groups or groups of web elements enclose to the longitudinal axis can also vary depending on the application. More than two insert elements can also be arranged one behind the other.

It is obvious to a person skilled in the art that many further modifications are possible in addition to the described embodiments without departing from the inventive concept. The subject of the invention is thus not limited by the foregoing description and is to be determined by the scope of protection defined by the claims. For the interpretation of the claims or the description, the broadest possible reading of the claims is decisive. In particular, the terms "comprising" or "include" should be construed as referring to elements, components or steps in a non-exclusive sense, thereby indicating that the elements, components or steps may be present or used that they can be combined with other elements, components or steps that are not explicitly mentioned. Where the claims relate to an element or component from a group which may consist of A, B, C... N elements or components, such language should be interpreted as requiring only a single element of that group, and not a combination of A and N, B and N, or any other combination of two or more members or components of this group.

Claims (15)

Heat exchanger (1, 100, 200) comprising a jacket element (2, 102, 202) and an insert element (3, 103, 203), the jacket element forming a fluid channel for a fluid to be temperature-controlled, the jacket element having a longitudinal axis (4, 104 , 204), wherein the insert element is arranged in the fluid channel, wherein the insert element contains a plurality of web elements (9, 10, 109, 110, 209, 210) which are connected to the casing element at different points, the web elements in at least a first row of ridges (41, 43, 141, 143, 241, 243) and a second row of ridges (42, 44, 142, 144, 242, 244), the ridges of each of the first and second rows of ridges being substantially parallel to one another where the angles which the bar elements of different rows of bar elements form with the longitudinal axis of the casing element differ, with at least some of the bar elements being bar element channels (11, 12, 111, 112 , 211, 212) which are in fluid-conducting connection with the jacket element, so that in the operating state a heat transfer fluid which is supplied to the jacket element can flow through the bar element channels of the bar elements, the jacket element having a plurality of chambers (20, 120, 220) for contains the heat transfer fluid, each of the chambers containing at least one inlet opening (5, 105, 205) and at least one outlet opening (8, 108, 208) for the heat transfer fluid or as a distribution chamber (21, 121, 221) or as a collection chamber (22, 122 , 222), characterized in that the inlet opening and the outlet opening of the chamber are connected to the bar element channels of two bar elements each, which belong to the same row of bar elements, if the chamber is not designed as a distribution chamber or collection chamber. Heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein the chambers (20, 120, 220) are separated from one another by partition walls (30, 130, 230). Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, wherein each of the chambers (20, 120, 220) via the web element channels (11, 12, 111, 112, 211, 212) in fluid communication with at least one subsequent chamber (20, 120, 220) for the heat transfer fluid is standing. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least one of the chambers (20, 120, 220) as the distribution chamber (21, 121, 221) for distribution of the heat transfer fluid and at least one of the chambers as the collection chamber (22, 122, 222) for discharge of the heat transfer fluid, wherein the distribution chamber can be connected to an inlet (6, 106, 206) and the collection chamber to an outlet (7, 107, 207). Heat exchanger according to claim 4, wherein the number of inlet openings (5, 105, 205) of bar element channels opening into the chamber corresponds to the number of outlet openings (8, 108, 208) of bar element channels leading away from the chamber, if the chamber is not as one of the distribution chambers (21, 121, 221) or collection chambers (22, 122, 222) is formed. A heat exchanger as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the distribution chamber (21, 121, 221) and the plenum chamber (22, 122, 222) are located at opposite ends of the shell member. A heat exchanger as claimed in any preceding claim, wherein the distribution chamber (21, 121, 221) and the plenum chamber (22, 122, 222) are located at the same end of the shell member. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, wherein at least four first rows of bar elements and four second rows of bar elements are arranged next to one another. A heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims wherein at least one of the first or second rows of fins includes at least ten fins. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, in which the chambers (20, 120, 220) are formed as recesses or structures in the shell element. Heat exchanger according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the inlet opening (5, 105, 205) and the outlet opening (8, 108, 208), which are located in the same chamber, with the web element channels (11, 12, 111, 112, 211, 212 ) in fluid-conducting Are connected, which belong to the web elements (9, 10, 109, 110, 209, 210) of different groups of web elements. Method for temperature control of a fluid, the fluid being temperature controlled by a heat exchanger (1, 100, 200), the heat exchanger comprising a jacket element (2, 102, 202) and an insert element (3, 103, 203), the fluid in flows through a fluid channel surrounded by the casing element, the insert element being arranged in the fluid channel, the insert element containing a plurality of web elements (9, 10, 109, 110, 209, 210) which are connected to the casing element at different points, the web elements are arranged in at least a first bar element row (41, 43, 141, 143, 241, 243) and a second bar element row (42, 44, 142, 144, 242, 244), the bar elements of each of the first bar element rows and the second bar element rows facing each other are arranged essentially parallel, with the angles which the web elements of different rows of web elements enclose with the longitudinal axis of the casing element differ, with at least one Part of the bar elements contains bar element channels (11, 12, 111, 112, 211, 212) which are in fluid-conducting connection with the casing element, so that in the operating state a heat transfer fluid which is supplied to the casing element can flow through the bar element channels of the bar elements, with the casing element contains a plurality of chambers (20, 120, 220) for the heat transfer fluid, each of the chambers containing at least one inlet opening (5, 105, 205) and at least one outlet opening (8, 108, 208) for the heat transfer fluid, so that the heat transfer fluid each of the chambers (20, 120, 220) and the web element channels (20, 120, 220) flows through. The method of claim 12, wherein the inlet openings and / or outlet openings of different chambers are connected to each other via web elements that run through the fluid channel, so that heat transfer between the heat transfer fluid and the fluid takes place via the inner wall of the jacket element and the web elements when the heat transfer fluid through the Chambers and the web element channels of the web elements flows. Method according to one of Claims 12 or 13, in which the heat transfer fluid flows from an outlet opening in one of the chambers to an inlet opening in the respective subsequent chamber through one of the web element channels which is in one of the fluid channels arranged web elements is arranged so that the heat transfer fluid flows through the chambers sequentially, which are connected to one another via one of the first or second rows of web elements. The method according to any one of claims 12 or 13, wherein the heat transfer fluid flows from an outlet opening of one of the chambers to an inlet opening in the respective subsequent chamber through one of the bar element channels, which is arranged in one of the bar elements, which is arranged in the fluid channel, so that the heat transfer fluid Web element channels of the web elements of the associated web element row flows through sequentially.

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