EP3488522A1 - Photovoltaic element arrangement system - Google Patents
Photovoltaic element arrangement systemInfo
- Publication number
- EP3488522A1 EP3488522A1 EP17787870.9A EP17787870A EP3488522A1 EP 3488522 A1 EP3488522 A1 EP 3488522A1 EP 17787870 A EP17787870 A EP 17787870A EP 3488522 A1 EP3488522 A1 EP 3488522A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- photovoltaic
- angle
- modules
- elements
- photovoltaic elements
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 abstract description 25
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 24
- 230000003340 mental effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003292 diminished effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000428 dust Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02S—GENERATION OF ELECTRIC POWER BY CONVERSION OF INFRARED RADIATION, VISIBLE LIGHT OR ULTRAVIOLET LIGHT, e.g. USING PHOTOVOLTAIC [PV] MODULES
- H02S20/00—Supporting structures for PV modules
- H02S20/20—Supporting structures directly fixed to an immovable object
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
- F24S—SOLAR HEAT COLLECTORS; SOLAR HEAT SYSTEMS
- F24S20/00—Solar heat collectors specially adapted for particular uses or environments
- F24S20/20—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants
- F24S20/25—Solar heat collectors for receiving concentrated solar energy, e.g. receivers for solar power plants using direct solar radiation in combination with concentrated radiation
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02B—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO BUILDINGS, e.g. HOUSING, HOUSE APPLIANCES OR RELATED END-USER APPLICATIONS
- Y02B10/00—Integration of renewable energy sources in buildings
- Y02B10/10—Photovoltaic [PV]
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
Definitions
- This invention refers to a system for the specific arrangement of photovoltaic elements into photovoltaic modules and/or of the photovoltaic modules into photovoltaic power plants (PPPs) for more efficient electricity production per unit area, which is applicable to the generation of electric power from solar radiation.
- PPPs photovoltaic power plants
- the existing photovoltaic elements are made of various materials, with widest industrial application of those made of silicon.
- the existing photovoltaic elements are flat, with various geometrical structure and of various thickness.
- the photovoltaic modules representing a system of interconnected photovoltaic elements in a frame, of diverse dimensions and capacity, are also flat.
- the interconnected photovoltaic elements or modules form an electricity generation system of various output.
- the flat working surface of the photovoltaic modules is exposed to the sun and solar radiation. Typically, they are attached via a supporting structure to the surface of the earth or to the outer surface of buildings - mostly roofs or other surfaces exposed to the sun. W
- the output capacity of the flat photovoltaic elements and modules is mostly dependent on their working surface, directed toward the sun, and the intensity of the solar radiation they are exposed to, as well as on their inherent efficiency, which determines the effective conversion of solar radiation into electricity.
- the capacity of photovoltaic modules is the approximate sum of the capacity of their constituent photovoltaic elements, which are mounted and connected in the module on top of some plane.
- the capacity of the PPP is the approximate sum of the capacity of the constituent photovoltaic modules.
- the standard photovoltaic modules consist of about 60-70 polycrystalline photovoltaic elements, which have an efficiency of about 15% and an electricity generation capacity of about 200-250 watts.
- the dimensions of such a module are approximately 1700 x 1000 x 50 mm, and the usual dimensions of the standard photovoltaic elements are 156 x 156 mm, with a negligible thickness of 1 and under 1 mm.
- an area of 1.5 - 1.7 square metres accommodates about 60-70 standard photovoltaic elements, providing a total electric power of about 200-250 watts.
- the primary limiting factor for electricity generation is the surface area used for the mounting of photovoltaic elements or modules, i.e. the mounting surface, exposed to solar radiation.
- the instantaneous capacity and electricity generation of a photovoltaic element, module or power plant depends - apart from the surface area of the converting photovoltaic elements - on the angle of incidence and the intensity of the solar radiation falling on a unit area from the working surface of the photovoltaic element or module. If the radiation is falling approximately perpendicularly to the working plane, its output is the highest and the photovoltaic elements, respectively the photovoltaic modules, achieve the highest efficiency and rate of conversion of solar radiation into electric power.
- a photovoltaic module with a surface area of one square metre receives for instance 1000 watts of solar radiation, under an approximately perpendicular angle, at 15% efficiency of the photovoltaic elements, the generated output is about 150 watts of electric power.
- the output capacity of a photovoltaic element or module also depends on the environmental conditions - temperature, dust loading, angle of incidence of the solar radiation, shading, etc.
- the invention is aimed at creating a photovoltaic element and/or photovoltaic module system that would increase the generation of electric power per unit area.
- a photovoltaic element arrangement system composed of photovoltaic elements spatially arranged in different planes, within a frame, forming a photovoltaic module, placed on top of a supporting structure.
- a photovoltaic module composed of photovoltaic elements spatially arranged in different planes, within a frame, forming a photovoltaic module, placed on top of a supporting structure.
- in each photovoltaic module more than two of the photovoltaic elements are arranged relative to each other in the same plane, in contact with each other and forming a row, or in different opposite planes.
- Each two of these neighbouring opposing planes form v and/or A - shaped rows, at an angle ⁇ between them, within the range from 52° to 108°.
- the plane of each row of photovoltaic elements is at an angle a against the mounting surface of the module, within the range from 36° to 64°.
- the adjacent v and/or A - shaped rows of photovoltaic elements form a spatial
- photovoltaic power plant For the creation of a photovoltaic power plant, more than two photovoltaic modules are to be arranged within the same plane, in contact with each other, or in different planes, forming a row of touching modules. Each two of these neighbouring planes form v and/or A - shaped rows, at an angle ⁇ between them, within the range from 52° to 108°.
- the plane of each row of photovoltaic modules is at an angle a against the mounting surface, within the range from 36° to 64°, where the adjacent v and/or A - shaped rows of photovoltaic modules form a spatial shape similar to a roofing construction.
- the photovoltaic elements and/or the photovoltaic modules are spatially arranged in such a way as to form spatial bodies whose shapes may be conical, pyramidal, spherical, hemispherical and parabolically concaved, or a combination thereof.
- angles a and ⁇ are equal - at 60°.
- An advantage of the created invention is the specific arrangement of the photovoltaic elements - in different planes, at an angle against each other and at an angle against the mounting surface. Similarly - also of the photovoltaic modules for the construction of a PPP, resulting in an increased electricity generation surface area per unit of mounting surface.
- the arrangement of the photovoltaic elements/modules at an angle against the mounting surface forms spatial shapes and results in an additional increase of the electricity generation surface and output per unit of mounting surface.
- the arrangement of the photovoltaic elements/modules at an angle allows the utilisation of both the primary and the reflected, i.e. secondary, solar radiation.
- the reflected solar radiation is not emitted back into space, but rather is subjected to secondary capture by the surface of the opposite elements/ modules.
- the photovoltaic elements/modules are exposed to direct and secondary solar radiation - from the reflected solar radiation from the surface of an element/module mounted on the opposite surface.
- Figure 1 represents a schematic diagram of a photovoltaic module, placed on a supporting structure
- Figure 2 represents a schematic diagram of the arrangement of the planes of two neighbouring elements/modules against the mounting surface.
- the generation of electric power per unit area can be increased substantially - by more than 25%, if the flat photovoltaic elements are mounted in different planes - at an angle against each other and at an angle against the mounting plane, forming various spatial shapes.
- This arrangement of the photovoltaic elements within the photovoltaic modules, as well as in the event of a similar construction and arrangement of photovoltaic modules of a PPP results in an increased electricity generation per unit area and in general in an increased output capacity and electricity generation capacity of photovoltaic modules and/or PPPs, without an increase in the mounting area necessary.
- Figure 1 shows a sample implementation of a volumetric photovoltaic module 1, composed of a frame 2, placed on a supporting structure 3.
- the frame 2 houses photovoltaic elements 4, forming a spatial shape similar to a roofing construction, with a sequence of double-sloped roofs, formed by the rows of photovoltaic elements 4.
- the rows of photovoltaic elements 4 represent a sequence of triangular prisms. If the so formed mental prism is regular, it will have a cross section of a rectangular triangle, where one of the sides of will serve as the base - a part of the mounting surface - and the other two sides of the triangle will have the photovoltaic elements 4 arranged on top.
- the surfaces, on top of which the photovoltaic elements 4 are mounted, are arranged against each other and each one against the base at a 60° angle. In this manner, the sum of the surface area of two of the walls of the mental triangular prism, on top of which the photovoltaic elements 4 are mounted, will always be greater than the surface area of the third wall, serving as the base. In this specific case of a regular equilateral triangular prism, the surface area of the two rows of photovoltaic elements 4 will be twice as large as the surface area of the base (the mounting surface), on top of which they have been mounted.
- the electricity generation surface area of the photovoltaic elements/modules using the aforesaid space-volume assembly will be proportionately greater, depending on the increase of the angle between the mounting surface and the plane on top of which the photovoltaic elements/modules are placed.
- This angle designated as , ranges from 0° to 90° - Figure 2.
- the greater the a angle the greater the number of photovoltaic elements/modules that can be fitted per unit of mounting surface.
- the increase of the a angle reduces the angle of incidence of the solar radiation 5 toward the surface of the electricity generating surface of the photovoltaic element/module. Practical experiments have established that when the a angle is within the range from 36° to 64°, the electricity generation capacity of the photovoltaic element/module is the greatest.
- the angle between the planes on top of which the photovoltaic elements/modules are placed has been denoted as the angle ⁇ .
- the angle ⁇ When the angle P increases, the angle a decreases, and vice versa. Therefore, at values of the angle ⁇ nearing 180°, the surface area of the photovoltaic elements/modules is similar to that of the mounting surface, and the a angle is close to zero. Practical experiments have established that when the ⁇ angle is within the range from 52° to 108°, the electricity generation capacity of the photovoltaic element/module is the greatest.
- the cross section of the mental triangular prism represents an isosceles triangle with an angle of 90° between the sides of the triangle.
- the sides of the triangle will have photovoltaic elements 4 installed, with an approximate electricity generation surface 1.5 times that of the area of the mounting surface, on top of which they have been placed.
- the reflected solar radiation 5 is not emitted back into space, but rather is subjected to secondary capture by the surface of the opposite elements 4 from the surface of the adjacent neighbouring mental triangular prism.
- photovoltaic elements 4 or photovoltaic modules 1 are exposed to secondary radiation - the solar radiation reflected by the surface of the opposite wall of each adjacent neighbouring mental prism.
- the angle ⁇ is approximately 90° or less, or slightly greater, the entire solar radiation reflected from the opposite surface of the photovoltaic element/module, or a substantial part of it, will be subject to secondary capture by the photovoltaic elements/modules placed on the opposing plane.
- the part of the secondary radiation at an angle ⁇ greater than 90° depends on the size of the elements/modules. The greater (beyond 90°) is the ⁇ angle, the smaller part of the reflected solar radiation will be captured by the opposite photovoltaic elements/modules, therefore the secondary photovoltaic effect will be diminished.
- the ⁇ angle is equal to or smaller than 90°, all of the secondary radiation will fall onto the opposite photovoltaic elements/modules and the total electricity generation will be further increased.
- photovoltaic modules 1 are arranged in such a manner that they form spatial shapes, such as conical or pyramidal bodies, spheres, hemispheres and parabolically concaved shapes and other similar shapes, and/or combinations thereof, because then the surface area of the installed photovoltaic modules will be substantially greater than the surface of the mounting surface of the system.
- the ratio between the surface area of the photovoltaic modules and the mounting surface is 3 : 1, i.e. under such arrangement, when the photovoltaic elements/modules form equilateral triangular pyramids, the working surface area of the photovoltaic elements/modules is approximately three times greater than the mounting surface.
- the values of the angles between the planes on top of which the photovoltaic elements/modules are placed, as well as between these planes and the mounting surface is 60° - the angles a and ⁇ are 60°.
- Such a space-volume arrangement of the photovoltaic elements/modules also increases the secondary photovoltaic effect, caused by the reflected solar radiation, and the increase of electricity generation is beyond 45%.
Landscapes
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
- Roof Covering Using Slabs Or Stiff Sheets (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
BG112341A BG67028B1 (bg) | 2016-07-25 | 2016-07-25 | Система за разположение на фотоволтаични елементи |
PCT/BG2017/000017 WO2018018100A1 (en) | 2016-07-25 | 2017-07-20 | Photovoltaic element arrangement system |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3488522A1 true EP3488522A1 (en) | 2019-05-29 |
Family
ID=60161901
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17787870.9A Pending EP3488522A1 (en) | 2016-07-25 | 2017-07-20 | Photovoltaic element arrangement system |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3488522A1 (bg) |
BG (1) | BG67028B1 (bg) |
EA (1) | EA036209B1 (bg) |
WO (1) | WO2018018100A1 (bg) |
Families Citing this family (3)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN108400754B (zh) * | 2018-02-02 | 2020-05-22 | 武汉工程大学 | 一种w型排列一体化光伏发电防水卷材及其制备方法 |
US20210203274A1 (en) * | 2019-02-27 | 2021-07-01 | Nanovalley Co., Ltd. | Photovoltaic cell module |
RU2766384C1 (ru) * | 2021-04-02 | 2022-03-15 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Санкт-Петербургский государственный аграрный университет" (ФГБОУ ВО СПбГАУ) | Способ компоновки фотоэлектрических модулей солнечной станции без слежения за солнцем |
Family Cites Families (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE102006042808A1 (de) * | 2006-09-08 | 2008-03-27 | Koller, Alexander, Dipl.-Ing. | Solardach |
US20120132260A1 (en) * | 2010-11-29 | 2012-05-31 | Thomas Hirsch | Assembly, Sub-Structure and Photovoltaic System |
DE102012016797B4 (de) * | 2012-08-23 | 2017-04-20 | Adensis Gmbh | Dachunterbau in Zickzackform |
JP2015124537A (ja) * | 2013-12-26 | 2015-07-06 | 株式会社Siソーラー | ソーラーパネル配置構造 |
US9780719B2 (en) * | 2014-08-22 | 2017-10-03 | Solarcity Corporation | East-west photovoltaic array with spaced apart photovoltaic modules for improved aerodynamic efficiency |
-
2016
- 2016-07-25 BG BG112341A patent/BG67028B1/bg unknown
-
2017
- 2017-07-20 EP EP17787870.9A patent/EP3488522A1/en active Pending
- 2017-07-20 EA EA201900076A patent/EA036209B1/ru unknown
- 2017-07-20 WO PCT/BG2017/000017 patent/WO2018018100A1/en unknown
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
WO2018018100A4 (en) | 2018-03-29 |
WO2018018100A1 (en) | 2018-02-01 |
EA036209B1 (ru) | 2020-10-14 |
BG67028B1 (bg) | 2020-03-16 |
EA201900076A1 (ru) | 2019-07-31 |
BG112341A (bg) | 2018-01-31 |
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