EP3488457A1

EP3488457A1 - Apparatus and method for switching medium and high voltages

Info

Publication number: EP3488457A1
Application number: EP17752395.8A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Radu-Marian Cernat; Thomas Chyla; Stefan Giere; Prosper Hartig; Andreas Marth; Caroline ORTH; Christoph RÖHLING; Jörg Teichmann; Stephan WETHEKAM
Original assignee: Siemens AG
Current assignee: Siemens Energy Global GmbH and Co KG
Priority date: 2016-09-16
Filing date: 2017-08-17
Publication date: 2019-05-29
Also published as: WO2018050390A1; DE102016217759A1

Abstract

The invention relates to an apparatus (1) and a method for switching medium and high voltages, comprising at least one isolating switch (2) for electrically isolating and/or connecting a current path by means of at least one isolating contact (3) having at least two contact pieces (11), wherein the at least one isolating contact (3) has two connection sides (4, 5), with in each case at least one contact piece (11) and with in each case at least one electrical connection (6, 7), and wherein a vacuum tube (8) is arranged on at least one connection side (4, 5). At least one carrier (9) is included for the at least one isolating switch (2). The at least one vacuum tube (8) is arranged in the at least one insulator (10).

Description

description

Device and method for switching medium and high voltages

The invention relates to an apparatus and a method for switching from medium and high voltages, with at least one break switch for electrically disconnecting and / or connecting a current path via at least with an isolating contact with at least two contact pieces, wherein the at least one Trennkon ^¬ clock two connection sides each having at least one Kon ^¬ tact piece and each having at least one electrical connection, and wherein at least one connection ^¬ side, a vacuum tube is arranged. At least one carrier is included for the at least one circuit breaker.

Devices for switching medium and high voltages, in particular for voltages in the range of 1 kV to 70 kV and / or from 70 kV to 1200 kV, include, for. B. power switch, disconnector, and / or earthing switch as switching devices. The switching devices can be arranged in housings or as free air switching devices. Outdoor switching devices are without external housing, z. B. mounted on one or more carriers and may include insulators for electrical insulation against earth. One or more current paths can be interrupted via the switching devices, eg. B. one, two or three current paths in a corresponding one, two or three-pole device for switching. Disconnectors disconnect or connect a current path visible to the outside. A contact with two contact pieces encompassed by the circuit breaker is disconnected by relative movement of the contact pieces away from one another or connected by relative movement of the two contact pieces until mutual contact is achieved. Disconnector can z. B. as rotary disconnector with at least one rotary arm as a contact piece, as a pantograph separator, toggle disconnector ter, Teleskoparmtrennschalter or single swing disconnector may be formed. In this case, a contact piece may be designed to be movable, for. B. as a rotary or swivel arm, and the mating contact may be fixed, z. B. trained as contact plate, arm or hook. Alternatively, the mating contact piece may also be arranged to be movable, for. B. as a rotatable or pivotable contact arm.

In this case, one or both contact pieces of an associated contact, in particular an open-air contact, may each be arranged on an insulator. For a fixed contact piece, the insulator is fixed. In a movable contact piece, the contact piece may be disposed on a movement of the insulator, or by movement of elements of a kinematic chain, in particular in the insulator elements are ^¬ be moved. The insulators can z. B. ceramic or silicone insulators, in particular with ribbed form. The insulators are z. B. vertically, on a support ^¬ assigns. Contact pieces can be arranged at the upper end of the insulators. Contact pieces can also be in a housing such. B. be arranged a cabinet. The circuit breaker may be visible through a window in the housing to the outside. A lock, z. As the cabinet can ensure that when the contact is closed, opening the cabinet is not possible.

When switching high voltages arcing may occur. For this reason, high-voltage switching usually takes place with the aid of circuit breakers. Circuit breakers include electrical contacts for switching, with z. B. rated current and arcing contact pieces are arranged in an insulator, which allow erasing arcing. The contacts are z. B. surrounded by a switching or quenching gas in the insulator, in particular SF ₆ , and when switching can be suppressed by a flow of the contact pieces with the quenching gas, the occurrence of an arc or the arc ge ^¬ deleted. Alternatively or additionally, vacuum booster Ren, arranged with a contact in a vacuum, are used for scarf ^¬ th high voltages. These power ^{scarf ¬} ter are z. B. installed in cabinets. Switching high voltages occurs via the circuit breaker and the separation of the current path is made visible for safety reasons by the disconnector to the outside. Both switchgear can be mounted individually in a control cabinet or on a common carrier or on different carriers.

Circuit breakers with extinguishing gas are usually very large and require a lot of space. They are suitable to switch very high Spannun ^¬ gen. Vacuum tubes can be dimensioned smaller in size, and are usually designed to switch lower voltages. An array of vacuum tubes in series allows high voltage switching. The arrangement of several vacuum tubes on at least one carrier or in a control cabinet or the use of a large circuit breaker with quenching gas, consumes a lot of space and leads to high costs. The space consumption and costs are further increased by arranging the separate disconnectors.

The object of the present invention is the avoidance or reduction of the problems described above. In particular, it is an object to provide a device and a method for switching medium and high voltages, which consume little space and cause low costs, while high possible switching capacity.

The specified object is achieved by a pre ^¬ direction for switching medium and high voltages with the features of claim 1 and / or by a method for switching medium and high voltages with a device described above according to claim 13. Advantageous embodiments of the device according to the invention for switching medium and high voltages and / or the method for switching medium and high voltages with the device described above are described in the dependent claims. indicated. Here are objects of the main claims un ^¬ behind the other and be combined with features of dependent claims and features of the dependent claims. An inventive device for switching medium and high voltages comprises at least one circuit breaker for electrically disconnecting and / or connecting a current path, wherein the current path via at least one isolating contact with we ^¬ least two contact pieces leads. The at least one

Separating contact has two connection sides, each with wenigs ^¬ least one contact piece and each having at least one electrical connection. On at least one side port ^¬ a vacuum tube is arranged, and at least one carrier for the at least one circuit breaker is included in the ER inventive device. The at least one Va ^¬ kuumröhre according to the invention disposed in an insulator.

The inventive device for switching medium and high voltages consumes little space, since in at least one isolator of the circuit breaker, the at least one vacuum tube is arranged or integrated as a circuit breaker. The ge ^¬ ringere space requirements and thus the lower material consumption for the carrier and the use of insulators of the circuit breaker as a housing or insulator for the vacuum tube as a circuit breaker leads to lower costs compared to an independent of elements of the circuit breaker ^{angeordne ¬} th vacuum tube or Use of a circuit breaker with extinguishing or switching gas. Simultaneously, the combi nation of ^¬ vacuum tube as a power switch, can in which an arc can occur for a short time, and allows for disconnectors outwardly visible separation of the current path of switching high powers and high voltages and / or currents.

At least one first contact piece of the at least two contact pieces may be movably arranged, and at least one second contact piece of the at least two contact pieces may be fixed or movable. In particular, the be formed at least one circuit breaker in the manner of a rotary separator. The at least one first contact piece and / or the at least one second contact piece may be formed in the form of a rotary arm. Alternatively, the circuit breaker or in addition may disconnector z. B. in the manner of a Pantographentrennschalters, toggle ^{disconnector ¬} ters, Teleskoparmtrennschalters or single ^swing disconnector ^¬ switch be formed. The one or more disconnectors may be formed as one, two or more column disconnector. The contact pieces may, for. B. as solid or bewegli ^¬ che arms, rails, sheets, rods or combinations thereof may be formed, in particular comprising aluminum, copper and / or steel, for. B. with silvered contact points. These forms of contact pieces allow a good contact, a simple electrical opening or connecting the current path via contacts and are inexpensive to carry out.

The at least one first contact piece and / or the Wenig ^¬ least a second contact piece can at least one Isola- gate having at least one vacuum tube comprise. The integrati ^¬ on or arrangement of the insulators with vacuum tube in the contact pieces allows a particularly compact design of the device. The vacuum tube can also be integrated without insulator into the at least one contact piece. In particular, the at least one first and / or the at least one second contact piece with vacuum tube can be designed in the manner of a contact ^arm .

The insulator, which comprises at least one vacuum tube along its longitudinal axis, with the longitudinal axis of the vacuum tube z. B. parallel and / or congruent to the longitudinal axis of the Isola ^¬ gate arranged, and which forms a Kotaktarm along a longitudinal axis with ^¬ on, in particular elongated, conductive elements, results in a stable, compact contact piece in the manner of a contact. The insulator can carry me ^¬ chanical load to the vacuum tube mechanically ent ^¬ loads. Each contact piece may comprise at least one insulator with at least one vacuum tube. The arrangement of several vacuum tubes in series allows switching of larger voltages compared to the use of only one vacuum tube. All contact pieces may be formed in the manner of a contact ^arm from ^¬ and / or all contacts may have at least one vacuum tube. As a result, by means of a com pact assembly ^¬ a large power or voltage switchable, wherein the structure as contact a simple pivoting or rotation, and thus opening and / or closing of the current path through the contact possible.

The at least one insulator may be an open-air insulator and / or be arranged outdoors without an outer housing. This saves space and costs for additional housing, the insulator can absorb forces which otherwise could lead to the vacuum tube we ^¬ ken and damage to or destruction of the vacuum tube. The insulator also protects the at least one vacuum tube from weather influences and can serve as a housing for the at least one vacuum tube.

The at least one carrier may comprise at least one insulator and the at least one insulator of the at least one carrier may be associated with the at least one first and / or the at least one second contact piece. The respective contact piece is arranged in particular on the associated insulator, which z. B. is perpendicular to a support. Thereby can be arranged supported on the Isola- tor the carrier, the respective contact piece, in particular stored Move ^¬ Lich or solid. The at least one first contact ^¬ piece can z. B. movably mounted on the insulator, in particular rotatable z. B. about the central or longitudinal axis of the insulator. The at least one second contact piece may, for. B. movable or fixed on an insulator.

A movement of the one or both contact pieces on the respective arranged insulator, allows opening and / or closing of the current path over the contact.

At least one vacuum tube may be disposed in the at least one insulator, in particular at least one vacuum ^¬ tube in the at least one insulator of the at least one carrier of the at least one first contact piece and / or at least one vacuum tube in which at least one insulator of the at least one carrier of the at least one second contact piece. It can thus be arranged only in an insulator on a connection side, one or more vacuum tubes, for. For example, on the solid side for the sake of simplicity, for switching lower power, or it can be arranged on both sides of the terminal in the respective insulators vacuum tubes, for switching higher power.

In this case, the at least one insulator can be an open-air insulator and / or be arranged outdoors without an outer housing, with the advantages previously described for insulators in the contact piece.

At least one vacuum tube may be arranged on each connection side of the at least one release contact. An electric ^¬ rische arrangement of the vacuum tubes in series with each other and in series with the contact allows a higher switching voltage than when using only a vacuum tube of the same properties. Several vacuum tubes on each connection side and / or a combination of vacuum tubes in the contact pieces and in the insulators of the carriers, which carry the contact pieces in particular, can allow very high switching voltages or switching performance, in a compact design.

A current transformer, in particular an optical current transformer, can be included and / or a grounding switch, in particular in each case a grounding switch on each connection side, can be included. As a result, further functions can be realized by the device in a compact design. At least one drive can be included, in particular exactly one drive and / or one common drive for the vacuum tube and for the isolating contact. The drive can also other switching devices such. B. Earthing the earthing switch. A one, a two, or a three phase drive may be included. A common drive for the switching devices, particularly via elements of a kinemati ^¬ rule chain with the switching devices, can save costs compared to multiple drives. In this case, transmission elements can cause different switching times and / or forces. Alternatively, multiple drives can be used, for. B. for each switching device such as disconnectors, circuit breakers and / or earthing switch own drive. As a result, the drives can be adapted to the requirements of the different switching devices and elements of the kinematic chain, in particular transmission parts can be saved. As drive z. B. engine and / or Federspeicherantrie ^¬ be used. At least one locking between the at least one vacuum tube and the at least one isolating contact may be around ^¬ sums. As a result, the isolating contact can be locked when the current path is closed via the at least one vacuum tube. An opening of the isolating contact with vacuum tubes in the switched-on state can be prevented by the locking, which leads to a higher safety. false

Switch positions, such. B. switched vacuum tube when opening the release contact, can lead to damage of the release contact in particular by large arcs. Also possible injuries of persons by z. B. arcing can be prevented.

At least two or more vacuum tubes may be electrically connected in series. The advantages are as described above that higher switching powers or switching voltages are possible through the series connection. The at least one insulator may comprise a hollow insulator, in particular a fluid-filled hollow insulator, and / or a solid insulation. The at least one insulator may also be a hollow insulator, in particular a fluid-filled hollow insulator, and / or a solid insulation. In a hollow insulator vacuum tubes can be easily and inexpensively arranged and maintained and / or changed if necessary. Solid insulation of the vacuum tubes allows very compact, space-saving structures. The at least one insulator may be made of silicone and / or ceramic, and / or the at least one insulator may comprise silicone and / or ceramic. Silicone and ceramics are inexpensive materials, with high mechanical stability, which z. B. can be further increased by using composite materials in conjunction with silicone, and have good electrical Isolationssei ^¬ properties, ie are good electrical insulators.

The device can be constructed in the manner of multiple busbar modules. Busbars allow the connection of several power lines and have a high current carrying capacity with low electrical resistance. A construction un ^¬ ter use of multiple ^{busbar modules} , especially in combination with cubicles, allows a clear, space-saving design for a large number of connected electrical lines. A modular design leads to cost reduction while flexibility, the modules for the desired application ^{zusammenge ¬} provides or can be interconnected. An electrically insulating fluid may be included, in particular ^¬ sondere a liquid and / or a gas, in particular SF _6, CF _4, nitrogen, dry air, carbon dioxide, a fluoroketone, a Fluornitril, and / or a mixture of the fluids. In particular, the at least one insulator can with the electrically insulating fluid, in particular a liquid and / or a gas, in particular SF ₆ , CF ₄ , nitrogen, dry air, carbon dioxide, a fluoroketone, a fluoronitrile, and / or a Be filled mixture of fluids. This allows a good insulation can be achieved in a compact design, the Isola ^¬ tors can be dimensioned smaller in particular than when using insulators without insulating fluid.

A method according to the invention for switching medium and high voltages with the device described above comprises switching off the at least one vacuum tube and simultaneously or subsequently disconnecting the current path via the at least one isolating contact, and / or simultaneously or subsequently at least one or more earthing switch at least one side of the separator contact, in particular both sides of the separator contact are grounded, and / or that the current path is connected via the at least one isolating contact, and at the same time it fol ^¬ quietly which is switched at least one vacuum tube or.

At least one vacuum tube can be switched off on both sides of the isolating contact, and at the same time or subsequently the current path can be switched across the at least one

Isolating contact are separated, and / or there may be one side of the separator contact, insbesonde ^¬ re both sides of the separator contact are grounded through at least one or more grounding switch ^¬ at least simultaneously or thereon. The current path can be connected via the at least one isolating contact and simultaneously or subsequently, at least one vacuum tube can be switched on in each case on both sides of the isolating contact. A common drive can turn the at least one vacuum tube and open the break contact of the at least one separation ^¬ switch and / or close. The common drive can ground at least one side of the isolating contact via the at least one grounding switch, in particular with an opening and / or closing of the at least one isolating switch via a movement of the at least one vacuum tube, in particular in particular a rotational movement, and / or a movement, in particular a rotational movement, of the at least one insulator.

The advantages of the method according to the invention for switching medium and high voltages according to claim 13 are analogous to the previously described advantages of the device for switching medium and high voltages according to claim 1 and vice versa.

Exemplary embodiments of the invention are shown schematically in FIGS. 1 to 4 and described in more detail below.

The show

Figure 1 shows a schematic side view of an inventive

Device 1 with a circuit breaker 2 and a vacuum tube 8 as a circuit breaker, with the vacuum tube 8 arranged in an insulator 10 of the Trä ^¬ gers 9 of the device 1 on a connection side 4 of the circuit breaker 2, and

Figure 2 shows the device of Figure 1, but with one each

Vacuum tube 8 on both connection sides 4, 5 of

Disconnector 2, and

Figure 3 shows the device of Figure 1, but with vacuum tubes 8 on both connection sides 4, 5 in the rotary arms 11, that is arranged the contact pieces 11 of the release contact 3, instead arranged in insulators 10 of the Trä ^¬ gers 9, and

FIG. 4 shows the device of FIG. 1, additionally with an optical converter 17 on a connection side 5. FIG. 1 shows schematically in side view and in front view a device 1 according to the invention for switching medium and high voltages. The device 1 comprises a circuit breaker 2 and a vacuum tube 8 as a power switch, wherein the vacuum tube 8 is shown in sectional view. The circuit breaker 2 is arranged on a support 9. The device 1 is designed as an outdoor device, and in particular installed on a foundation in a switching ^¬ field. About terminals 6 and 7 electrical power lines are connected, for. B. to a network, a power generator and / or a power consumer.

The carrier 9 comprises a support frame, for. B. with bar-shaped support elements. A common drive 13 for the switching devices 2, 8, 12 is attached to the carrier 9, in particular as shown in Figure 1 is on a crossbar of the carrier. The drive 13 may, for. B. be a spring drive and / or a motor drive. The drive 13 provides the on ^¬ drive movement ready when switching the switching devices 2, 8, 12. About elements of a kinematic chain 14, such. As drive shafts 16, drive rods 15, conductor bars 18 and / or insulators 10, the drive movement is transmitted to the switching devices 2, 8, 12, in particular to the contact pieces 11 of the switching devices 2, 8, 12, such. B. on pivot arms 11 of the circuit breaker 2, a pivot arm 12 of the earthing switch 12 and / or electrodes of the vacuum tube. 8

The circuit breaker 2 comprises insulators 10, in particular two columnar insulators 10 with ribs, which are directed with the longitudinal axis of the insulators 10 vertically upwards, paral ^¬ lel to each other on the support 9. Elements of the kinematic chain 14, such. As drive shafts 16, extend inside the insulators 10 and are adapted to transmit the drive movement across the insulators 10 away. At the upper end of the columnar insulators 10 are in the embodiment of Figure 1 electrical connections 6, 7 arranged on ^¬ . The circuit breaker 2 in the embodiment of Figure 1 is designed as a rotary disconnector. A disconnect contact 3 comprises two contact pieces 11, which are formed arm-shaped and are rotatably ^¬ bar with the longitudinal axis in a plane parallel to the ground. On a first connection side 4, an insulator 10 is arranged perpendicular to the support 9, with a first electrical connection at the upper end of the insulator 10. On a second connection side 5, an insulator 10 is arranged perpendicular to the support 9, with a second electrical connection on upper end of the insulator 10.

On the insulator 10 of the first connection side 4, a vacuum tube 8 is spatially encompassed by an insulator 10 along the continued longitudinal axis of the insulator 10. Above the insulator 10 with vacuum tube 8, a rotary arm 11 is rotatably arranged as a contact piece of the release contact 3 of the rotary disconnect ^¬ ters. One end of the rotary arm 11 is fixedly secured to one terminal side of the vacuum tube 8, via the other end of the rotary arm 11, the electrical contact with the opposite rotary arm 11 of the second terminal side 5 is closed. The other terminal side of the vacuum tube 8 is electrically connected to the first electrical terminal 6 of the device 1.

The rotary arm 11 is rotated by a movement generated by the drive 13, transmitted via elements 15, 16 of the kinematic chain 14 to the drive shaft 16, which passes through the insulator 10 of the carrier 9. The drive shaft 16 may be fixedly connected to the vacuum tube 8 and transmitted via the vacuum tube 8, the rotational movement. Alternatively or additionally, the drive shaft 16 may be fixedly connected to the insulator 10 of the vacuum tube 8, and the rotational movement transmitted via a rotation of the insulator 10 of the vacuum tube 8. It can also nen further elements of the kinematic chain 14 in the insulator 10 of the vacuum tube. 8 or arranged outside, z. As transmission parts and / or deflection devices to transmit the rotational movement of the drive 13 to the rotary arm 11.

On the insulator 10 of the second connection side 5, a rotatable conductor bar 18 is arranged along the continuous longitudinal axis of the insulator 10. Alternatively, for simplicity, not shown in the figures, an insulator 10 may be arranged at a extending in the interior conductor excluded substantially analogous to the insulator 10 of the vacuum tube 8 performs, only without vacuum tube 8 and, instead, with electrical ^¬ schem conductor inside , Between the lower insulator 10 and the conductor bar 18, a second electrical connection 7 is arranged. Above the conductor bar 18 is a second

Rotary arm 11 rotatably arranged. A second drive shaft 16 extends along the coaxial longitudinal axes of the second insulator 10, substantially in the second insulator 10, and is fixedly connected to one side of the second rotary arm 11 via the fixedly connected rotatable conductor bar 18. Via the other end of the second rotary arm 11, the electrical contact with the opposite rotary arm 11 of the first connection side 5 is closed.

The second rotary arm 11 is rotated by a movement, which is generated by the drive 13, and which is on elements 15, 16 of the kinematic chain 14 on the drive shaft 16 carries over ^¬ , wherein the drive shaft 16 is at least partially electrically insulating. The insulator 10 is formed as an insulator 10 of the carrier 9. As an alternative to egg ^¬ ner embodiment of Figure 1 with conductor bar 18 and insulator 10, or with two insulators 10 on the second terminal side 5, a longer insulator 10 can be used, in particular with a Length substantially the sum of the length of the insulator 10 of the carrier 9 and the insulator 10 of the Vakuumröh ^¬ re 8 on the first terminal side 4. Between the rotary arm 11 and terminal 7, an electrical conductor in the long insulator can be arranged and the drive shaft 16 can electrically be carried out iso ^¬ lierend. The current path via the circuit breaker 2 extends between the first and second electrical connection 6, 7 via the vacuum tube 8, the rotary arm 11 of the first connection side 4, rather in connection with the rotation arm 11 of the second connection side, ie the second pivot arm 11, the isolating contact 3 bil ^¬ det, the rotary arm 11 of the second terminal side 11 and the conductor bar 18, or alternatively over an upper portion of the shaft 16 in an upper insulator 10 on the second arrival end 5. For this purpose, the drive shaft 16 on the two ^¬ th connection side 5, with an electrically conductive part in the region of the upper insulator 10, and with an electrically insulating part in the region of the lower insulator 10 of the carrier 9, or as shown in the figures, the lower part in the insulator 10 may be considered as elekt ^¬ driven insulated drive shaft be constructed 16 and the obe ^¬ re part as a conductor bar 18. the electrically conductive part, the special ^¬ the Leitertab 18, ve rbindet, z. B. over a

Sliding contact with the second electrical connection 7 connected, the second electrical connection 7 electrically to the rotary arm 11 of the second connection side 5. Alternatively or additionally, a fixed electrical contact, for. B. via a busbar in an upper insulator 10 between the electrical connection 7 and the rotary arm 11 of the second connection end 5, be included.

In the closed state, the longitudinal axes of the two pivot arms 11 of the release contact 3 are collinear. The current path via the isolating contact 3 is closed. To open the current path, the two pivot arms 11 are rotated, in particular until the pivot arms 11 are arranged parallel to one another, perpendicular to the plane of the drawing of FIG. To close the current path of the two rotary arms 11 are rotated back into the Ausgangspo ^¬ sition, as illustrated in Figure 1, with contact-up leaders ends of the two pivot arms 11, arranged with their

Longitudinal axis in the drawing plane of Figure 1. The ends of the two rotating arms 11 form a mechanical and electrical Contact off, and the current path via the isolating contact 3 is closed.

The vacuum tube 8 is simultaneously, or by z. B. transmission elements temporally offset to the circuit breaker 2, connected. The drive 13 provides the drive movement and Elemen ^¬ te the kinematic chain 14, such. B. drive shaft 16 and drive rod 15 transmit the movement to the drive ^¬ shaft 16, which is arranged in the insulator 10 of the carrier 9. About the rotational movement of the rotary arm 11 of the first connection side 4 is rotated. About z. As a planetary gear, a helical member or other gear parts on the vacuum tube 8, which are not shown in the figures for the sake of simplicity, with the same movement, temporally offset, the vacuum tube 8 are switched. For this purpose, the rotational movement of the drive shaft 16, which is arranged in the insulator 10 of the carrier 9, in a reciprocating motion or a ^linear movement ^{¬ ¬} along the longitudinal axis of the drive shaft 16 to ^¬ converted. A movable electrode in the vacuum tube 8 is moved by the linear movement and the contact in the vacuum tube 8 is opened or closed. The movement may also be such that both electrodes are moved in the vacuum tube 8. When the switching is triggered, the drive 13 can generate a movement and via elements of the kinematic chain 14, the movement is transmitted to the vacuum tube 8. The vacuum tube 8 switches off or interrupts the current path between the electrical connections 6 and 7. An arc, which can occur during switching, extinguishes in the vacuum tube after switching. Simultaneously or subsequently, the movement is transmitted as a rotary motion to the pivot arms 11 of the separation scarf ^¬ ters 2, and the isolating contact 3 is visibly opened to the outside. The current path between the electrical terminals 6 and 7 is interrupted via the vacuum tube 8 and the separation ^¬ contact 3, the device 1 has the electrical connections 6, 7 on the two connection sides 5, 6th electrically isolated from each other, and z. Connected networks, power generators or consumers are disconnected. Simultaneously or subsequently, the movement is transmitted as rotary motion to the grounding switch 12, in particular to a pivot arm of the grounding switch 12. The earthing switch 12 is from a horizontal position without contact with the terminal 7, in particular to the contact piece at the terminal 7, which in the figures as a square z. B. is indicated as a connecting plate, pivoted or rotated in a vertical position with contact to the terminal 7. The connection 7 is electrically grounded and thus potential-free. For example, maintenance work on the two ^¬ th connection side 5 can now be done safely. In order to bring both connection sides 4, 5 to ground potential, earthing switches 12 can also be used on both connection sides 4, 5, which is not shown in the figures for the sake of simplicity.

When switched on, the drive 13 again generates a movement which is transmitted via elements of the kinematic chain 14 to the grounding switch or switches 12. The earthing switch is pivoted or rotated from a vertical position with contact to the terminal 7, in a horizontal position without contact to the terminal 7. The connection 7 is no longer electrically grounded. Simultaneously or subsequently, the movement is transmitted as a rotational movement to the pivot arms 11 of the circuit breaker 2, and the isolating contact 3 is visibly closed to the outside. Simultaneously or subsequently, the movement is transferred to the vacuum tube 8. The vacuum tube 8 turns on or closes the current path between the electrical terminals 6 and 7. An arc, which can occur during switching, goes out in the vacuum tube 8 after switching. The current path between the electrical terminals 6 and 7 is closed via the vacuum tube 8 and the separation ^¬ contact 3, the device 1 has the electrical connections 6, 7 on the two connection sides 4, 5 electrically connected to each other, and z. Connected networks, electricity Producer or consumer are electrically connected to each other via the device 1.

FIG. 2 shows an alternative embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention. The device 1 of Figure 2 is analogous to the apparatus of Figure 1, only with two vacuum tubes 8 instead of a vacuum tube 8. On both sides of the connection 4, 5 of the circuit breaker 2 is in each case a Va ^¬ vacuum tube 8 is arranged. As a result, with the device 1, shown in Figure 2, are twice as large voltage ge ^¬ on, as illustrated by the apparatus 1 in figure 1. Both vacuum tubes 8 are identical constructed and arranged only on different connection sides 5. 6 The vacuum tubes 8 are each arranged in an insulator 10, on the insulator 10 of the carrier 9. The procedure for

Switching takes place analogously to the steps as described above for the device 1 of FIG. The two vacuum tubes can be switched simultaneously, or offset in time.

FIG. 3 shows a further alternative embodiment of the device 1 according to the invention. The device

1 of FIG. 3 is analogous to the device of FIG. 2, only with vacuum tubes 8, which are integrated in the rotating arms 11. Instead of arranging the vacuum tubes 8 vertically standing in insulators 10 on insulators 10 of the carrier 9, the vacuum tubes 8 are arranged along the longitudinal axis of the respective rotary arm 11, comprising the rotary arm 11. When turning the swivel arms

II, the vacuum tubes 8 are rotated. For example, a can

Rotary arm 11 be constructed analogous to the rotating arms 11 of Figures 1 and 2, only with a separate part of the arm forming, z. B. electrically conductive rod, wherein instead of the separated out part of the insulator 10 with vacuum tube 8, z. B. is attached via flanges on the remaining rod pieces. The electrical connections of the vacuum ^¬ tube 8 are each electrically connected to a remaining rod piece. In a vacuum tube 8 in switched on State can flow current through the rotary arm 11. When the vacuum tube 8 is switched off, the current path through the rotary arm 11 is interrupted by the vacuum tube 8. The switching procedure is analogous to the steps described above. The two vacuum tubes can be switched simultaneously, or offset in time. Between the terminals 6, 7 and the rotating arms 11 each rotatable conductor bars 18 are arranged. The mode of operation is analogous to that of the conductor bar 18 described in FIG.

In the figures, for simplicity sake not shown, both in Kgs ^¬ NEN one or two rotating arms 11 as well as in one or both vertical insulators 10 may be arranged analogously to Figures 1 and 2, vacuum tubes. 8 Thus, a plurality of vacuum tubes 8 in series in one or more, along the longitudinal axis of juxtaposed insulators 10 can be arranged. The number of vacuum tubes 10 can be selected according to the power or voltage to be switched.

FIG. 4 shows the device of FIG. 1 additionally with an optical converter 17 on a connection side 5. Mains parameters such as current and voltage can be measured with the connected converter 17, and depending on the measurement results switching of the device 1 can take place. So z. As shorts in the connected network, and / or in generators, and / or consumers are registered or measured, and depending on a shutdown or connection via the device 1 done. It is also possible to ^arrange on both connection sides 4, 5 in each case at least one wall ^¬ ler 17, in particular an optical converter 17. Instead of optical transducers 17, other types of measuring devices, in particular other types of transducers, can also be used in the device 1.

The embodiments described above can unterei ^¬ Nander be combined and / or with the prior Technology combined. So z. B. instead of a common drive 13 a plurality of drives 13, in particular for each switching device 2, 8, 12 a separate drive 13, in particular for three poles nine drives, are used. It is also possible for all vacuum tubes to use a first common drive, and / or a second common drive for all rotary disconnectors, and / or a third common drive for all earthing switches, in particular three drives for three poles. Other combinations of drives for different poles and / or switches are also possible. The carrier 9 may be formed as a carrier frame, as shown in the figures, or the Vorrich ^¬ tion 1 may comprise a plurality of carriers 9. So z. B. each insulator 10 of the support 9 may have a separate support 9, in particular with an associated drive 13. ^¬ grounding switch 12 may be used for several or each port 6, to be construed environmentally 7, or as shown in the figures only for a terminal 7 . Different elements, such. As transmission ^¬ elements, waves, pipes, rods, from a variety of ma- materials such. As conductive materials, in particular aluminum, copper, and / or steel, or non-conductive materials, in particular plastic, composite materials, and / or glass fiber materials may be included in the kinematic chain 14. It may be a transmission of rotational movements, for. B. on rotating arms, via a rotation of insulators 10 and / or by rotation of drive shafts 16 and / or by rotation of conductor bars 18. Alternatively or additionally, a movement can be transmitted via Kgs ^¬ NEN elements of the kinematic chain 15. Combined rotary and linear movements are transmitted by a linear movement, in particular at least one shift rod and / or on the drive rod, for example. B. a rotational movement about insulators 10 and in particular independently or coupled from or to the rotational movement, a linear movement over at least one shift rod z. B. arranged in at least one insulator 10. multi-pillar

Disconnector, in particular lever disconnector, with at least one insulator 10 with vacuum tube 8 as a pillar ausgebil- Det and / or formed with an insulator 10 as a pillar with horizontally or vertically pivotable lever arm and / or formed with a third insulator 10 as a column for transmis ^¬ movement of the switching movement, in particular as a rotational movement on the lever arm, may be comprised by the device according to the invention, in particular as a pole of the device.

Reference sign list

1 Device for switching medium and high voltages

2 disconnectors

3 isolating contact

4 first connection side

5 second connection side

6 first electrical connection

7 second electrical connection

8 vacuum tube as a circuit breaker

9 carriers

10 insulator

11 contact piece, in particular rotary arm

12 earthing switch

13 drive

14 kinematic chain

15 drive rod

16 drive shaft

17 optical converter

18 conductor bar

Claims

claims

1. Device (1) for switching medium and high voltages, with at least one disconnector (2) for electrically disconnecting and / or connecting a current path via at least one isolating contact (3) with at least two contact pieces (11), wherein the at least one isolating contact (3) two An ^¬ final pages (4, 5) each having at least one contact ^¬ piece (11) and each having at least one electrical connection (6, 7), and wherein at least one carrier (9) for the at least one Disconnector (2) is included and on at least one connection side (4, 5) a vacuum tube (8) is arranged,

The at least one vacuum tube (8) is arranged in an insulator (10).

2. Device (1) according to claim 1,

d at least one first contact piece (11) of the at least two is at least one first contact piece (11)

Contact pieces (11) is movably arranged, and that wenigs ^¬ least a second contact piece (11) of the at least two Kon ^¬ clock pieces (11) is fixed or movable, in particular ^¬ formed with the at least one circuit breaker (2) in the manner of a rotary separator and / or with the at least one first contact piece (11) and / or with the at least one second contact piece (11) in the form of a rotary arm (11). 3. Device (1) according to Claim 2,

characterized in that the at least one first contact piece (11) and / or we ^¬ nigstens a second contact piece (11) comprise at least one iso ^¬ lator (10) with at least one vacuum tube (8), especially with the at least one first and / or with the at least one second contact piece (11) with vacuum tube (8) formed in the manner of a contact arm, and / or that depending on of the contact piece (11) at least one insulator (10) having we ^¬ nigstens a vacuum tube (8), in particular with al ^¬ len contact pieces (11) formed in the manner of a contact ^¬ arms, and / or wherein the at least one insulator (10) is an open-air insulator and / or is arranged outdoors without an outer housing.

4. Device (1) according to one of claims 2 or 3,

characterized in that the at least one carrier (9) comprises at least one insulator (10) and the at least one insulator (10) of the at least one carrier (9) is associated with the at least one first and / or the at least one second contact piece (11), in particular, for supporting the respective contact piece (11), in particular for movably supporting the at least one ers ^¬ th contact piece (11) and / or to the movable or fixed bearings of the at least one second contact piece (11), and that at least one vacuum tube (8) in is arranged the at least one insulator (10), in particular at least one vacuum tube (8) in the at least one insulator (10) we ^¬ nigstens a carrier (9) of the at least one first Kon ^¬ clock-piece (11) and / or at least one vacuum tube (8) in the at least one insulator (10) of the at least one Trä ^¬ gers (9) of the at least one second contact piece (11), and / or wherein said at least (an insulator 10 ) is a free ^¬ air-insulator and / or is arranged outdoors without outer housing ^¬ .

5. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, d a d u c h e c e n e c i n e t, d a s s

on each connection side (4, 5) of the at least one isolating ^¬ contact (3) at least one vacuum tube (8) is arranged.

6. Apparatus (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, d a d u c h e c e n e c i n e t, d a s s

a current transformer (17), in particular an optical current transformer is included and / or that a grounding switch (12), in particular a respective earthing switch (12) on each connection side (4, 5) is included.

7. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, d a d u c h e c e n e c e n e, d a s s

at least one drive (13) is included, in particular exactly one drive (13) and / or a common drive (13) for the vacuum tube (8) and the isolating contact (3), and / or that a one, a two-, or a three-phase drive is included.

8. Device (1) according to any one of the preceding claims, d a d u r c h e c e n e c i n e t, d a s s

at least one locking between the at least one vacuum tube (8) and the at least one isolating contact (3) is to ^¬ summarizes, for locking the separation contact (3), when CLOSED ^¬ senem current path via the at least one vacuum tube (8).

9. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least two or more vacuum tubes (8) are arranged electrically in series.

10. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the at least one insulator (10) comprises a hollow insulator, in particular a fluid-filled hollow insulator, and / or a solid insulation, and / or that the at least one insulator (10) is a hollow insulator , in particular a fluidgefüll- ter hollow insulator, and / or a solid insulation, and / or that the at least one insulator (10) consists of silicone and / or ceramic, and / or that the at least one iso ^¬ lator (10) of silicone and / or ceramic.

11. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the device (1) is constructed in the manner of multiple busbar modules.

12. Device (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that an electrically insulating fluid is comprised, in particular a liquid and / or a gas, in particular SF ₆ , CF ₄ , nitrogen, dry air, carbon dioxide, a fluoroketone, a fluoronitrile and / or a mixture of the fluids, and / or that the at least one insulator (10) with the electrically isolie ^¬ leaders fluid, particularly a liquid and / or a gas, in particular SF _6, CF _4, nitrogen, dry air, Koh ^¬ lendioxid, a fluoroketone, a fluoronitrile, and / or a mixture of fluids is filled.

13. A method for switching medium and high voltages with a device (1) according to one of the preceding claims,

characterized in that the at least one vacuum tube (8) is switched off and simultaneously or thereafter, the current path via the we ^¬ nigstens an isolating contact (3) is disconnected and / or that simultaneously or subsequently through at least one or more grounding switch (12) at least one side of the separation contact (4, 5), in particular both sides of the separation contact (4, 5) are grounded, and / or that the current path through the we ^¬ nigstens an isolating contact (3) is connected and at the same ^¬ tig or subsequently the at least one vacuum tube (8) is turned on.

14. The method according to claim 13,

characterized in that on both sides of the isolating contact (4, 5) in each case at least one vacuum tube (8) is turned off and at the same time or subsequently the current path is separated via the at least one isolating ^¬ contact (3), and / or simultaneously or subsequently via at least one or more earthing switch ter (12), at least one side of the isolating contact (4, 5), in particular ^¬ both sides of the isolating contact (4, 5) grounded ^¬ who, and / or that the current path via the at least one isolating contact (3) is connected and simultaneously or subsequently at least one vacuum tube (8) is turned on at each side of the separating contact (4, 5).

15. The method according to any one of claims 13 or 14,

characterized in that a common drive (13) switches the at least one vacuum tube (8) and opens and / or closes the isolating contact (3) of the at least one circuit breaker (2), and in particular via the at least one earthing switch (12) at least one side of the Disconnecting contacts (4, 5) grounded, in particular with an opening and / or closing of the at least one circuit breaker (2) via a movement, in particular a Drehbewe ^¬ tion, the at least one vacuum tube (8) and / or a movement, in particular a rotational movement of the at least ei ^¬ NEN insulator (10).