EP3486379A1 - Wall structure in monolithic design for completing a system of plastic-reinforced soil and grid structure for same as functional location - Google Patents

Abstract

The application relates to a wall structure (1) of gabion and a use of a grid construction in monolithic shoring as a functional front, wherein in the wall structure (1) are without any horizontal bottoms between the intermediate Gabionenzwischenen inside the wall structure (1) exclusively at least roughly vertically aligned side rails (4 ) between the Gabionengitterelemente the front side (11) and the back (12) is used, at least between each of the front-Gabionengitterelementen and the back-Gabionengitterelementen at least roughly along an at least roughly horizontal line a plane connection (5) is formed.

Description

Construction projects for the installation of a system reinforced plastic earth (KBE system) conclude in the prior art with, for example, a natural stone facade or with a concrete block facing. The erection of noise barriers, bridge abutments or the protection of slopes still remain demanding tasks of civil engineering. Previously used components already offer scope and adaptability to project-specific aspects, cf. Huesker: "# Plastic Reinforced Earth System Overview", 07 / 15B Huesker Synthetic GmbH. Steel grid angles are used as integrated formwork when fabric is used as erosion protection. Greening of the CFU can be achieved up to an inclination angle of 70 °. Even with bridge abutments, the prior art uses a geogrid as a reinforcing element. It creates almost vertical cuboid walls. In later green front training grid elements are initially visible in the shoring. A well-known KBE system for forming a natural stone façade consists, for example, of a reinforced earth body with a curtain wall made of corrosion-protected steel grids and a stone filling. Such a facade can be done later, after the KBE has sat down. Steel gratings are fastened at a distance as a front grid with anchor rods at the KBE and backfilled with stones. The front grilles are interconnected with ring clamps. The front grilles overlap.

In addition to these wall-mounting systems, gabions are also known as a means to put attractive fronts as panels as well. The stone baskets are often delivered with pre-compacted stone fillings and put basket on basket. DE 10 2017 100 392 A1 shows how gabions are thinned upwards to build up a heavy duty wall and how a fall protection succeeds. Gabions are also used to reduce noise on a traffic route as a protective wall, cf. for example DE 10 2010 004 266 A1 , In this case, gabions are usually closed with a gabion lattice cover before another gabion plane is deposited thereon. At least, however, the upper gabion has a gabion grid floor, so that at least one at least roughly horizontal grid intercepts the fillings level by level.

For the protection of engineering structures, a retaining wall termination is still to be developed, which holds compacted filling material and offers an attractive appearance, if possible also with simultaneous suitability as a noise protection system. The structure should be safe and sustainable.

The problem is solved with a wall structure according to claim 1 or the use of a grid construction in monolithic shoring as a functional front according to claim 4.

Advantageous embodiments are specified in respective subclaims.

The construction according to the invention, described in the following description pages as an embodiment, with gabion elements without shelves allows multiple compression in any frequency distributed over the height, preferably by means of a Baggerarms having a vibrating plate at the free end. For example, compaction of the filling material between at least roughly vertical gabion grid elements also succeeds in higher levels of the gabion grid wall constructed in accordance with the requirements of FGSV Merkblatt No. 555 m GAB Section 6.2.5.

Subsequent settling of the filling material, and if it is filled only in a supporting back chamber, are avoided because no at least roughly horizontal intermediate floors block more mechanical compaction during wall construction. To At a later date, natural compression is still occurring to a much lesser extent. If it comes to natural subsidence, for example, by Füllfehler, a sagging down without blockade by intermediate floors can take place. Deformations caused by force discharges from compartments subjected to settling forces are avoided because, contrary to known gabion structures, any horizontal grid floors or lids are dispensed with.

Preferably, each 50 cm wall width, a vertical intermediate grid connected vertically between one or two front walls and a back wall. In the case of an advantageously presented additional front shell, preferably a 20 cm deep front shell for a sound-absorbing material is suspended by means of a vertical partition grid construction about 20 cm offset backwards into the lateral vertical partition grille.

The construction of such divider grilles for vertical installation is much less problematic in terms of installation compared to tie rods for supporting overlapping front grilles. In addition, they serve to save material compared to conventional gabion as a support structure for natural fabric.

• Figur 1 - zeigt in einer Seitenansicht ein vorteilhaftes Ausführungsbeispiel eines erfindungsgemäßen Wandaufbaues aus Gabionengittern.
• Figur 2 - zeigt in einer Detailansicht als Seitenansicht eine Ebene eines erfindungsgemäßen Wandaufbaues aus Gabionengittern mit einer erkennbaren Darstellung der Gitteranordnung und der Verfüllmaterialien.
• Figur 3 - zeigt in alphabetischer Reihenfolge eine Frontalansicht 3a, eine Draufsicht 3b und eine Seitenansicht 3c eines Seitengitters für einen erfindungsgemäßen Wandaufbau aus Gabionengittern.
• und
• Figur 4 - zeigt in alphabetischer Reihenfolge eine Frontalansicht 4a, eine Draufsicht 4b und eine Seitenansicht 4c eines vertikalen Trenngitters für einen erfindungsgemäßen Wandaufbau aus Gabionengittern.

The invention will be explained in detail with reference to the following drawings.

• FIG. 1 shows a side view of an advantageous embodiment of a wall structure according to the invention from Gabionengittern.
• FIG. 2 shows in a detailed view as a side view of a plane of a wall structure according to the invention of gabion with a recognizable representation of the grid assembly and the filling materials.
• FIG. 3 shows in alphabetical order a frontal view 3a, a top view 3b and a side view 3c of a side grid for a wall construction according to the invention of gabions.
• and
• FIG. 4 shows in alphabetical order a frontal view 4a, a plan view 4b and a side view 4c of a vertical separation grid for a wall construction according to the invention from gabionic gratings.

FIG. 1 shows a wall structure 1 according to the invention in a sectional view in a function as a support wall for a slope. Illustrated is a wall structure 1, which is formed of six horizontal planes of the same size and a seventh smaller plane. The wall structure 1 is formed from Gabionengittern and side rails 4. Two side rails 4 and at least one each Gabionengitter on the front 11 and the back 12 form a frame, similar to a wire cage without floor and ceiling, with only vertical or at least approximately vertical walls. Such frames are arranged side by side and one above the other to form a gabion wall structure according to the invention. Because the wall structure according to the invention but not just as usual in gabions horizontal Gabionengitter has, except possibly in the lowest on a foundation (2) remote location, this application uses in the main claim the term wall structure.

Within each frame is in the advantageous embodiment of FIG. 1 and 2 a vertical partition grid 6 connected in parallel or at least approximately parallel to the front side 11 with the side grilles 4. The interior of a frame is thereby divided into a front shell 7 and a back chamber 10. In the illustrated Embodiment, the front shell 7 has less space than the back chamber 10. Basically, the space within a frame freely or at least approximately freely on the front shell 7 and the back chamber 10 are divided, since the vertical divider 6 attached to almost anywhere positions on the side rails 4 even if the frame is already set. For this purpose, the separating grid 6 has hooks 19 which are open exclusively at horizontal connecting ends, with which hooks 19 vertical wire rods 17 of the side rails 4 are unvarnished.

On the foundation 2, one or more of such side rails 4, front 11 and back 12 formed frames are arranged side by side and form a first level of the wall structure 1. The number of juxtaposed frame depends on the desired length of the wall structure 1. It is but also idea of invention, just not to have to think in terms of gabions, but free to distribute side rails along the course of the wall. It comes in such an embodiment just not to otherwise accepted side rails double doubling. The desired height of a wall structure 1 is achieved by the vertical or at least approximately vertical arrangement of several layers or planes of frames one above the other.

In the view shown, six levels of equal size and a seventh, smaller running level are arranged one above the other. In the selected section of FIG. 1 However, only one side surface of a frame per level is visible visible. The differing in this view of arranged inside side rails 4 in FIGS. 1 and 2 recognizable side rails 4 have a standard Gabionengitterdesign for optical reasons according to the front page 11. Only these final side rails 4 and otherwise always only the front and back Gabion grids are interconnected with plane connections 5 according to the usual gabion construction.

The wall structure 1 is not divided over its entire height over all levels by horizontal horizontal shelves in individual floors or levels, but can be filled vertically in a vertical direction, at least in the back chambers 10 vertically filled with filling material and this compacted throughout.

In the embodiment shown, a cleanliness layer 14 is wedge-shaped above the foundation 2, resulting in an inclination of the wall structure 1. In the illustrated embodiment, the tendency of the increase in the support effect of a backfill 3 or a landfill to be supported serves contrary. The inclination is based on the in FIG. 1 recognizable as a dashed line perpendiculars 13 recognizable. A reinforcement of the backfill 3 is made in the embodiment shown with a geosynthetics 16, which in FIG. 1 is indicated as a thick dashed line.

FIG. 2 shows a sectional view in a detailed view of an outbreak of a wall structure according to the invention 1. Visible shown are side rails 4, which form the wall structure. The side rails 4 form connections between the front sides 11 and the rear sides 12. The wall structure 1 is not divided by continuous horizontal intermediate floors. Also in the area of the plane connection 5 no flat horizontal boundaries of the planes are provided. Illustrated are vertical divider grid 6, which give both the wall structure 1 additional rigidity in a dual function and the interior of the wall structure 1 vertically in diee front shell 7 and the back chamber 10 divide.

In the illustrated embodiment, the front shell 7 is designed lower volume than the back chamber 10. It is intended to fill the front shell 7 with a first filler 8 and the back chamber 10 with a second filler 9. As the first filling material 8, in particular materials come into consideration, which meet optically or functionally special requirements. A special functionality can exist, for example, in very good noise insulation properties.

As a second filling material 9 are in particular materials into consideration, which are economically useful, which are easy to fill and compress and which support the strength of the Gabionenwandaufbaues 1.

In a second, not shown embodiment, it is possible to fill the front shell 7 and the back chamber 10 with similar material. In the illustrated embodiment, the back chambers 10 of the wall structure 1 in the region of the vertical separating grid 6 and the back 12 are provided with separating elements 15, which are preferably formed from nonwoven fabric. The separating elements 15 prevent the passage of foreign substances or in particular of filler material 8, 9 or backfill 3 through the back 12 and the vertical separation grid 6. The separating elements 15 are graphically in FIG. 2 indicated as a short dashed line. The backfill 3 is reinforced with geosynthetic material 16, which as a long dashed line in FIG. 2 is indicated.

FIG. 3 shows a side rail 4, in FIG. 3a in a frontal view, in FIG. 3b in a plan view and in Figure 3c in a side view. In FIG. 3a It can be seen that the side rail 4 is formed of vertical wire rods 17 and horizontal wire rods 18. The diameter 21 of the vertical and horizontal wire rods 17, 18 is defined and is in the illustrated embodiment 4.5 mm. In the illustrated embodiment, the horizontal wire rods 18 are provided on both sides with eyelets 30 to achieve a simple yet durable connection of side rails 4 with front sides 11 and rear sides 12. The eyelets 30 are bent in the embodiment shown from the two-sided ends of the horizontal wire rods 18, resulting in a length 27 of 1150 mm in the embodiment shown for the horizontal wire rods 18 results. The horizontal wire rods 18 are each mounted with a height distance 24 spaced from each other on the vertical wire rods 17 of a side rail 4. In the illustrated embodiment, the horizontal wire rods 18 by spot welding with a height distance 24, which is 197 mm in the embodiment shown, mounted on the vertical wire rods 17. The height grid 25 corresponds to five times the distance of the horizontal wire rods 18 to each other and is in the illustrated embodiment 985 mm.

In FIG. 3b the distances of the vertical wire rods 17 of a side rail 4 are shown to each other recognizable. The respective outer vertical wire rods 17 of a side rail 4 are at a first width spacing 22, which is 200 mm in the illustrated embodiment, spaced from the nearest vertical wire rod 17. A second width spacing 23, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is 300 mm, defines the distance of the inner vertical wire rods 17 from each other. From the distance of the centers of the left eyelets 30 to the right eyelets 30 of the horizontal wire rods 18 of a side rail 4 results in an inner width 20 which is 1000 mm in the embodiment shown.

In Figure 3c , A side view of a side rail 4, the orientation of the eyelets 30 is shown recognizable. The length of the vertical wire rods 17 is indicated with a rod height 26, which in the embodiment shown is 990 mm.

FIG. 4 shows a vertical divider 6, in FIG. 4a in a frontal view, in FIG. 4b in a plan view and in Figure 4c in a side view. In FIG. 4a It can be seen that the vertical divider grid 6 is formed of vertical wire rods 17 'and horizontal wire rods 18'. The diameter 21 'of the vertical and horizontal wire rods 17', 18 'is defined and is in the illustrated embodiment 4.5 mm. In the illustrated embodiment, the horizontal wire rods 18 ', as in FIG. 4b recognizable, provided on both sides with hooks 19, which make it possible, the vertical dividing grille 6 later in frames, which are formed from front 11, rear 12 and side grilles 4, and install a simple yet durable connection of the dividing grid 6 with the side rails 4 to reach. The horizontal wire rods 18 'are in each case with a height distance 24' spaced from each other on the vertical wire rods 17 'of a vertical separating grid 6 attached. In the embodiment shown, the horizontal wire rods 18 'by spot welding with a height distance 24', which is 197 mm in the illustrated embodiment, mounted on the vertical wire rods 17 '. The height grid 25 'corresponds to five times the distance of the horizontal wire rods 18' to each other and is in the illustrated embodiment 985 mm.

FIG. 4b shows in a plan view shown the hooks 19 of the horizontal wire rods 18 '. The hooks 19 are in the illustrated embodiment of the two-sided ends of the horizontal wire rods 18 'bent, resulting in a Rohlänge 27 'of 1100 mm in the embodiment shown for the horizontal wire rods 18' results. The hooks 19 have a defined hook opening, which results from a radius hook 28, which is 6 mm in the embodiment shown. A length hook 29 is 29.5 mm in the embodiment shown. Less the wire thickness of 4.5 mm, this results in a rear grip of the hook 19 of 25 mm, whereby a secure connection of the vertical divider grid 6 is achieved, for example, with side rails 4. From the distance of the receiving points of the left hooks 19 to the right hooks 19 of the horizontal wire rods 18 'of a vertical separating grid 6 results in an inner width 20' which is 1010 mm in the embodiment shown. A first width distance 22 'is the distance from the contact point in a hook 19 to the nearest vertical wire rod 17' of a vertical separation grid 6, which is 205 mm in the illustrated embodiment. A second width distance 23 'designates the spacing of the vertical wire rods 17' from each other, which in the exemplary embodiment shown is 300 mm.

In Figure 4c , A side view of a vertical separation grid 6, the orientation of the hook 19 is shown recognizable. The length of the vertical bars 17 'is indicated with a bar height 26', which in the embodiment shown is 991 mm.

LIST OF REFERENCE NUMBERS

1

wall construction

2

foundation

3

backfill

4

side rails

5

plane connection

6

Vertical divider grid

7

front shell

8th

First filling material

9

Second filling material

10

back chamber

11

front

12

back

13

vertical

14

subbase

15

separating element

16

geosynthetic

17

Vertical wire rods

18

Horizontal wire rods

19

hook

20

inner width

21

diameter

22

First width distance

23

Second width distance

24

height distance

25

Height grid

26

bar height

27

Raw length

28

Radius hook

29

Length hook

30

eyelet

Claims (5)

Wall structure (1) of gabion lattices, with an at least roughly parallel front side (11) and a slope-facing rear side (12) made of gabion lattice elements,
characterized in that without any horizontal bottoms between imaginary intermediate gabionic planes in the interior of the wall structure (1) exclusively at least roughly vertically aligned side rails (4) between the gabion grid elements of the front (11) and the back (12) are used and that at least between each front Gabion grid elements with each other and the back-Gabionengitterelementen at least roughly along a line at least roughly horizontally extending a plane connection (5) is formed. Wall structure (1) according to claim 1, characterized in that as a single level connections (5) per superimposed gabion grid pair runs a horizontal wire rod, not in any case a horizontal plane or a horizontal grid is installed. Wall structure (1) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that over the lateral extent of the wall structure about every 50 cm, a side rail (4) as the only horizontally the front side (11) with the back (12) connecting means is installed. Using a grid construction in monolithic shoring as a functional front, characterized in that 4.1 on a front side (11) and a rear side facing a slope (12) Gabionengitter as usual in Gabionenbau interconnected, 4.2 along the front (11) all about 50 cm a side rail (4) the front and rear gabion grid over the height distributed at several points, the number required for at least approximately horizontal wire rods (18) is less than the number of horizontal wire rods the connected gabion grid, 4.3 such that during a wall construction with such a lattice construction and associated filling of the lattice construction is continuously compressed with stones, for example, without obstructing the compression process in the vertical direction lattice, because the lattice construction not usual Gabierungsbau otherwise at least gabion soils but free of horizontal Is lattice. Use according to claim 4, characterized in that parallel to the front side (11) about 20 cm from the front gabion grid vertical separating grille (6) between the side rails (4) are mounted, in particular with open hooks (19) to
To receive or support separating elements (15).

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