EP3479745B1 - Verfahren zum betrieb eines elektrischen antriebs, vorzugsweise eines gebläses und/oder einer bürste eines staubsaugers oder eines staubsaugroboters - Google Patents

Verfahren zum betrieb eines elektrischen antriebs, vorzugsweise eines gebläses und/oder einer bürste eines staubsaugers oder eines staubsaugroboters Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3479745B1
EP3479745B1 EP18199498.9A EP18199498A EP3479745B1 EP 3479745 B1 EP3479745 B1 EP 3479745B1 EP 18199498 A EP18199498 A EP 18199498A EP 3479745 B1 EP3479745 B1 EP 3479745B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
electric motor
voltage
vacuum cleaner
brush
control unit
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18199498.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
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EP3479745A1 (de
Inventor
Thomas Rech
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Miele und Cie KG
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Miele und Cie KG
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Publication date
Application filed by Miele und Cie KG filed Critical Miele und Cie KG
Publication of EP3479745A1 publication Critical patent/EP3479745A1/de
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Classifications

    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2805—Parameters or conditions being sensed
    • A47L9/2831—Motor parameters, e.g. motor load or speed
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/02—Nozzles
    • A47L9/04—Nozzles with driven brushes or agitators
    • A47L9/0405—Driving means for the brushes or agitators
    • A47L9/0411—Driving means for the brushes or agitators driven by electric motor
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2836—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means characterised by the parts which are controlled
    • A47L9/2842—Suction motors or blowers
    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L—DOMESTIC WASHING OR CLEANING; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47L9/00—Details or accessories of suction cleaners, e.g. mechanical means for controlling the suction or for effecting pulsating action; Storing devices specially adapted to suction cleaners or parts thereof; Carrying-vehicles specially adapted for suction cleaners
    • A47L9/28—Installation of the electric equipment, e.g. adaptation or attachment to the suction cleaner; Controlling suction cleaners by electric means
    • A47L9/2868—Arrangements for power supply of vacuum cleaners or the accessories thereof

Definitions

  • Method for operating an electric drive preferably a fan and/or a brush of a vacuum cleaner or a vacuum cleaner robot
  • the invention relates to a method for operating an electric drive, preferably a fan and/or a brush of a vacuum cleaner or a vacuum cleaning robot, according to patent claim 1, and a household appliance, preferably a vacuum cleaner and/or a vacuum cleaning robot, according to patent claim 11.
  • vacuum cleaners In the field of household appliances, vacuum cleaners are known which serve to clean surfaces.
  • Vacuum cleaners and methods for controlling electric motors are from the US7205737B1 , US2016/061899 and the US2003/210011 known.
  • a vacuum cleaner is a cleaning device equipped with a fan that creates a vacuum.
  • a suction opening is provided on the suction side of the vacuum cleaner, which the user can guide over the surfaces to be cleaned in a targeted manner.
  • the air sucked in by the blower usually flows through several filters; which can filter out components such as dust, mostly house dust, as well as smaller dirt particles from the air flow.
  • the air leaves the vacuum cleaner far cleaner than it entered.
  • the suction opening usually has a rotatable brush, which can whirl up the components from the surface to be cleaned into the air flow.
  • the blower has an electric blower motor and the brush has an electric brush motor.
  • a disadvantage of known vacuum cleaners is that an operator input is required by the user in order to set an operating mode for the blower and brush. This can be perceived as annoying. This can also be forgotten, so that the vacuum cleaner is very likely to be operated with a non-optimal cleaning setting.
  • Another disadvantage is that it depends on the user's choice of operating mode whether or to what extent an optimal cleaning setting is actually found for the surface to be cleaned. This can very easily lead to incorrect settings, especially in the case of changing and in particular frequently changing types of surfaces to be cleaned.
  • the invention therefore faces the problem of providing a method for operating an electric drive, preferably a blower and/or a brush of a vacuum cleaner or a vacuum cleaning robot, so that the electric drive can automatically respond to different load conditions, in particular to different surfaces to be cleaned.
  • an electric drive preferably a blower and/or a brush of a vacuum cleaner or a vacuum cleaning robot
  • the electric drive can automatically respond to different load conditions, in particular to different surfaces to be cleaned.
  • This is supposed to be better and/or simpler, preferably with fewer or even no sensors, than previously known.
  • the invention thus relates to a method for operating an electric drive, preferably a fan and/or a brush of a vacuum cleaner or vacuum cleaner according to claim 1.
  • the voltage source is preferably a DC voltage source.
  • the voltage source can be a power grid.
  • the voltage source is preferably a battery or a rechargeable accumulator.
  • the duty cycle also known as the modulation factor, specifies the ratio of the pulse duration to the period duration for a periodic sequence of pulses such as the voltage pulses here.
  • the invention is based on the finding that a load indicator of an electric motor can be determined in this way in order to be able to make a statement about the external load currently applied to the electric motor. This can also different load conditions can be distinguished from each other. Additional sensors can be dispensed with.
  • Knowledge of the current load of the electric motor determined according to the invention can be used to control or regulate the power of the electric motor. In this way, the power of the electric motor can be optimally adapted to the applied load. If the method according to the invention is applied to an electric motor or to several electric motors of a blower or a brush of a vacuum cleaner or a vacuum cleaning robot, the optimal speed or the optimal power of the floor brush and/or the optimal speed or the optimal power of the blower can be achieved according to the invention will.
  • this can have the advantage that the electric motor can be operated in an energy-efficient manner. This can keep the electric power consumption as low as possible while maintaining the performance appropriate to the applied load. In this way, e.g. when applying the method according to the invention to an electric drive of a blower and/or a brush of a vacuum cleaner or a vacuum cleaner robot, good dust pick-up can be achieved with low energy consumption at the same time. If a battery or accumulator-operated device is used, the running time can be extended. In other words, an optimal ratio of dust pickup to input power can be achieved.
  • the service life of the electric motor can be extended through load-dependent operation, since unnecessarily powerful operating states can be avoided. In the case of a battery-powered device, this can also have a positive effect on the service life of the battery. In other words, the electric motor and possibly the accumulator can be protected by the lowest possible input power of the electric motor.
  • limit values for the electrical power can be complied with, since the applied load is determined according to the invention and the maximum electrical power available for this purpose, which the battery may be taken, can be specified.
  • an overload of the electric motor can be detected via the specific load of the electric motor.
  • the electric motor can be operated with a lower and permissible power or, if necessary, switched off in order to avoid damaging the electric motor.
  • This aspect of the present invention is based on the recognition that the load indicator of the electric motor is proportional to both the torque and the current of the electric motor. This means that the load indicator can be converted into the torque or current of the electric motor by multiplying it, e.g. in order to control it directly. Likewise, the findings described above can also be applied to the specific torque or to the specific current.
  • the induced voltage of the electric motor can be determined without having to measure it using additional measures.
  • the actual pulse width modulated operation of the electric motor can be briefly interrupted, e.g. every 100 ms for approx. 0.5 ms, so that this is imperceptible to the user.
  • the voltage of the voltage source is initially recorded as long as a current flows through the freewheel. After the current has decayed, a superimposed voltage of the electric motor is then recorded. Normal operation of the electric motor can then be resumed.
  • the induced voltage of the electric motor can be determined from these two voltages by subtracting them. As described above, this can be used to determine the load indicator. Alternatively or additionally, the determined induced voltage of the electric motor can also be used for other purposes.
  • Freewheeling can be implemented as passive freewheeling using a diode. This freewheeling can be implemented very easily and inexpensively, but has a power loss that is not negligible due to the voltage drop in the forward direction.
  • Freewheeling can therefore preferably alternatively be implemented as active freewheeling, e.g. by means of an appropriately controlled MOSFET (metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor).
  • MOSFET metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistor
  • This aspect of the present invention is based on the knowledge that the induced voltage of the electric motor is proportional to the speed of the electric motor.
  • the speed of the electric motor can thus be obtained from its induced voltage.
  • the speed can be used, for example, to regulate the speed of the electric motor without a separate speed sensor having to be used for this purpose.
  • the load indicator determined according to the invention or the torque obtained therefrom and/or the current of the electric motor obtained therefrom can be used when applying the method according to the invention to a fan or to a brush of a vacuum cleaner or a vacuum cleaning robot of the type of the substrate to be cleaned.
  • This can be done by specifying data for the control unit of the electric motor which correspond to different backgrounds, so that the existing background can be selected from the stored backgrounds by comparison and thereby recognized.
  • the data can be specified as reference values or as threshold values.
  • a vacuum cleaner or a vacuum cleaning robot can identify the substrate to be cleaned and automatically adjust itself to the substrate with regard to the power of its blower and/or its brush. This can therefore be done without sensors.
  • This aspect of the present invention is based on the finding that the brush contributes relatively little to the suction result on hard floors, whereas the suction power of the blower does. On carpet it is rather the other way around. Therefore, in this way, an optimal cleaning effect can be achieved with the highest possible energy efficiency at the same time. In the case of a battery or accumulator-operated device, this can extend the operating time.
  • the surface to be cleaned can also be protected by an adapted and therefore not unnecessarily high blower power or brush activity.
  • a reference value and/or a threshold value is predetermined, so that the comparison distinguishes between the absence and the presence of the brush can be.
  • the absence of the brush whose electric motor is virtually idling in this state, can lead to such a low load on the electric motor that this load state of the electric motor can be distinguished from the other load states of the electric motor and can thus be recognized.
  • the electric motor of the brush can preferably switch off to avoid damage of the electric motor itself, the vacuum cleaner or the vacuum cleaning robot and the subsurface. Furthermore, electrical energy can be saved in this way, which would not contribute to the cleaning result if there were no brush available.
  • the electric motor is operated by the control unit in a speed-controlled manner.
  • speed-controlled operation of the electric motor can be achieved, as already described above. This can be done without an additional speed sensor.
  • a comparatively high carpet is detected as the substrate (e.g. by a previously defined upper torque limit) and the electric motor is designed to drive a brush of a vacuum cleaner or a vacuum cleaning robot, the electric motor is operated on the part the control unit with a comparatively low speed.
  • This aspect of the invention is based on the knowledge that a comparatively high carpet can be strained by the brush of a vacuum cleaner or a vacuum cleaning robot. Therefore, if such a carpet is recognized according to the invention, the power of the brush of the vacuum cleaner or of the vacuum cleaning robot can be set lower than with a different surface to protect the carpet.
  • the induced voltage of the electric motor is determined and/or the superimposed voltage of the electric motor is detected via a voltage divider which is arranged in series with the electric motor and parallel to the control unit.
  • a voltage divider which is arranged in series with the electric motor and parallel to the control unit.
  • the voltage of the voltage source is detected at the first measurement time and/or at the second measurement time by means of a detection over a predetermined measurement period with subsequent averaging.
  • the electric motor is an electric motor of a fan or an electric motor of a brush of a vacuum cleaner or a vacuum cleaner robot.
  • the present invention also relates to a control unit for operating an electric drive, preferably a fan and/or a brush of a vacuum cleaner or a vacuum cleaner robot, the control unit being designed to carry out a method as described above.
  • the present invention also relates to a household appliance, preferably a vacuum cleaner and/or a vacuum cleaning robot, preferably battery-operated, with at least one electric drive, at least one voltage source, at least one electric motor and at least one control unit, the control unit being designed as a method as described above to execute.
  • a household appliance preferably a vacuum cleaner and/or a vacuum cleaning robot, preferably battery-operated, with at least one electric drive, at least one voltage source, at least one electric motor and at least one control unit, the control unit being designed as a method as described above to execute.
  • the present invention also includes the finding that due to the speed or load-controlled operation of the electric motor according to the invention, which takes into account the effectively applied voltage of the electric motor, a higher number of battery cells than previously known can be used when using a battery as the voltage source, since the The electric motor is operated independently of the voltage of the voltage source. Thus, the running time of the device, which has the electric motor operated according to the invention, can be increased by the higher number of accumulator cells.
  • the present invention also includes the knowledge that a falling voltage of the voltage source, e.g. due to a weakening battery or a weakening accumulator, can be compensated for again by adjusting the duty cycle of the pulse-width-modulated voltage.
  • a falling voltage of the voltage source e.g. due to a weakening battery or a weakening accumulator
  • the duty cycle of the pulse-width-modulated voltage can also be continued undiminished in this case.
  • figure 1 shows a circuit diagram of an electric drive A.
  • the electric drive A has a voltage source Q in the form of an accumulator Q, which provides a voltage U q or an accumulator voltage U q at 24 V.
  • There is an electric motor M to which a diode D1 is arranged in parallel, through which a diode current I D1 can flow .
  • the electric motor M and the diode D 1 are connected in series with the accumulator Q together.
  • the passive diode freewheeling shown here and described below is only to be understood as an example; the function can alternatively also be ensured by active freewheeling, for example by an appropriately controlled MOSFET.
  • control unit S with a voltage divider, which is formed by a first ohmic resistor R1 and a second ohmic resistor R2.
  • a first voltage U 1 which drops across the first ohmic resistor R1, can be detected via the voltage divider.
  • the control unit S is designed as a microcontroller S. This closes the circuit to the accumulator Q.
  • the electric drive A is used in a vacuum cleaner to drive the floor brush.
  • Various advantages of the method according to the invention are to be considered in more detail on the basis of this exemplary embodiment.
  • figure 2 shows a flow chart of a method according to the invention for operating the electric drive of FIG figure 1 .
  • a first step 100 the electric motor M is operated by the control unit S at a predetermined speed using a pulse width modulated battery voltage U q with a predetermined duty cycle, see the diagram in FIG figure 3 left before a first measurement time T 1 .
  • the accumulator voltage U q is recorded.
  • the voltage U eff effectively present at the electric motor M is determined by multiplying the duty cycle by the accumulator voltage U q .
  • a fourth step 400 the induced voltage U i of the electric motor M is determined. While immediately after If the battery voltage U q is still maintained by the diode current I D1 of the diode D 1 when the battery voltage U q is interrupted, the battery voltage U q is detected in a second partial step 420 at the first measurement time T 1 , see FIG figure 3 . When the diode current I D1 of the diode D 1 has decayed, a superimposed voltage U k of the electric motor M is detected in a third partial step 430 at a second measurement time T 2 , see also figure 3 .
  • the pulse-width-modulated battery voltage U q can then be applied to the electric motor M again, so that the operation of the electric motor M can be resumed as before.
  • the induced voltage U i of the electric motor M is determined in a fourth partial step 440 by subtracting the superimposed voltage U k of the electric motor M from the battery voltage U q , so that the induced voltage U i of the electric motor M is now available.
  • a load indicator of the electric motor M is then determined by subtracting the induced voltage U i of the electric motor M from the voltage U eff effectively present at the electric motor M. Then, in a first sixth sub-step 600a, the torque and/or the current of the electric motor M is determined by multiplying the load indicator by a predetermined factor. In parallel, in a second, sixth partial step 600b, the speed of the electric motor M is determined by multiplying the induced voltage U i of the electric motor M by a predetermined factor.
  • a seventh step 700 the load indicator and/or the torque and/or the current of the electric motor M is compared with at least one reference value and/or with at least one threshold value, which corresponds to a type of ground.
  • the electric motor M is then operated by the control unit S as a function of the detected type of ground.
  • the power of the floor brush can now be regulated.
  • the presence or absence of the floor brush can also be detected.
  • the speed of the electric motor M can be determined without sensors and used, for example, for speed control.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Electric Vacuum Cleaner (AREA)
  • Nozzles For Electric Vacuum Cleaners (AREA)
EP18199498.9A 2017-11-07 2018-10-10 Verfahren zum betrieb eines elektrischen antriebs, vorzugsweise eines gebläses und/oder einer bürste eines staubsaugers oder eines staubsaugroboters Active EP3479745B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102017125956.2A DE102017125956A1 (de) 2017-11-07 2017-11-07 Verfahren zum Betrieb eines elektrischen Antriebs, vorzugsweise eines Gebläses und/oder einer Bürste eines Staubsaugers oder eines Staubsaugroboters

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3479745A1 EP3479745A1 (de) 2019-05-08
EP3479745B1 true EP3479745B1 (de) 2022-10-26

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EP18199498.9A Active EP3479745B1 (de) 2017-11-07 2018-10-10 Verfahren zum betrieb eines elektrischen antriebs, vorzugsweise eines gebläses und/oder einer bürste eines staubsaugers oder eines staubsaugroboters

Country Status (4)

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EP (1) EP3479745B1 (pl)
DE (1) DE102017125956A1 (pl)
ES (1) ES2929717T3 (pl)
PL (1) PL3479745T3 (pl)

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102019211014B4 (de) * 2019-07-25 2024-07-18 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding Gmbh Haushaltsreinigungsgerät mit Akkuantrieb
CN112994533B (zh) * 2019-12-18 2023-05-26 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种无刷直流电机控制方法、装置、无刷直流电机及电器
CN113014151B (zh) * 2019-12-18 2023-12-19 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 一种无刷直流电机控制方法、装置、无刷直流电机及电器
EP4238470B1 (de) * 2022-03-04 2024-07-17 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding GmbH Bodenreinigungsgerät mit steuerung einer flüssigkeitszufuhr sowie verfahren
EP4238469B1 (de) * 2022-03-04 2024-07-31 Vorwerk & Co. Interholding GmbH Reinigungsgerät mit erkennung des zustands einer oberfläche und verfahren
CN119024161A (zh) * 2023-05-25 2024-11-26 北京小米移动软件有限公司 地刷类型识别方法和装置、清洁设备、存储介质

Family Cites Families (8)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP0479609A3 (en) * 1990-10-05 1993-01-20 Hitachi, Ltd. Vacuum cleaner and control method thereof
US5811946A (en) * 1992-03-16 1998-09-22 Lockheed Martin Corporation System and method for velocity control of a D.C. Motor
US5937622A (en) * 1995-07-26 1999-08-17 Black & Decker Inc. Cordless electric lawn mower having energy management control system
JP3658310B2 (ja) * 2000-11-16 2005-06-08 東芝テック株式会社 Ｐｗｍ制御回路、電動送風機及び電気掃除機
US6838847B2 (en) * 2002-05-09 2005-01-04 Siemens Vdo Automotive Inc. Stall protection based on back EMF detection
US7106021B2 (en) * 2004-05-04 2006-09-12 International Business Machines Corporation Method, system, and program product for feedback control of a target system utilizing imposition of a periodic modulating signal onto a command signal
US7205737B1 (en) * 2006-01-04 2007-04-17 Robert Bosch Gmbh Systems and methods of monitoring a motor load
US9383414B2 (en) * 2014-08-29 2016-07-05 Atieva, Inc Method of diagnosing a blocked heat exchanger

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Publication number Publication date
DE102017125956A1 (de) 2019-05-09
EP3479745A1 (de) 2019-05-08
ES2929717T3 (es) 2022-12-01
PL3479745T3 (pl) 2023-01-30

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