EP3478861A1 - Gleisteil und verfahren zur herstellung eines gleisteils - Google Patents
Gleisteil und verfahren zur herstellung eines gleisteilsInfo
- Publication number
- EP3478861A1 EP3478861A1 EP18732233.4A EP18732233A EP3478861A1 EP 3478861 A1 EP3478861 A1 EP 3478861A1 EP 18732233 A EP18732233 A EP 18732233A EP 3478861 A1 EP3478861 A1 EP 3478861A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- weight
- rail
- cooling
- track part
- temperature
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims description 7
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 229910000859 α-Fe Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 54
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 37
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 26
- 239000002826 coolant Substances 0.000 claims description 22
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052750 molybdenum Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 claims description 15
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000011572 manganese Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Molybdenum Chemical compound [Mo] ZOKXTWBITQBERF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011733 molybdenum Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910052720 vanadium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Boron Chemical compound [B] ZOXJGFHDIHLPTG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 9
- 229910052796 boron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 9
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000010411 cooking Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 238000005096 rolling process Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000012080 ambient air Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005275 alloying Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000009835 boiling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L manganese(2+);methyl n-[[2-(methoxycarbonylcarbamothioylamino)phenyl]carbamothioyl]carbamate;n-[2-(sulfidocarbothioylamino)ethyl]carbamodithioate Chemical compound [Mn+2].[S-]C(=S)NCCNC([S-])=S.COC(=O)NC(=S)NC1=CC=CC=C1NC(=S)NC(=O)OC WPBNNNQJVZRUHP-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 3
- LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N vanadium atom Chemical compound [V] LEONUFNNVUYDNQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphorus Chemical compound [P] OAICVXFJPJFONN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011574 phosphorus Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000003303 reheating Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000004615 ingredient Substances 0.000 claims 2
- 238000007598 dipping method Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 22
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 229910001567 cementite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 9
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 9
- KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N iron;methane Chemical compound C.[Fe].[Fe].[Fe] KSOKAHYVTMZFBJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 6
- PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Manganese Chemical compound [Mn] PWHULOQIROXLJO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000001556 precipitation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 3
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000470 constituent Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005098 hot rolling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000008092 positive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000006104 solid solution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052582 BN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000975 Carbon steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001295 No alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N [C].[Si] Chemical compound [C].[Si] HMDDXIMCDZRSNE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000002411 adverse Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000010962 carbon steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004568 cement Substances 0.000 description 1
- -1 chromium carbides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003111 delayed effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001419 dependent effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000029142 excretion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 150000001247 metal acetylides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001568 polygonal ferrite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002244 precipitate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010008 shearing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004901 spalling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002269 spontaneous effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/18—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering
- C21D1/19—Hardening; Quenching with or without subsequent tempering by interrupted quenching
- C21D1/20—Isothermal quenching, e.g. bainitic hardening
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
- C21D1/63—Quenching devices for bath quenching
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
- C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/002—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Cr
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/005—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Mn
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D6/00—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys
- C21D6/008—Heat treatment of ferrous alloys containing Si
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/04—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for rails
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/001—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing N
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/002—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing In, Mg, or other elements not provided for in one single group C22C38/001 - C22C38/60
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/02—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing silicon
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/04—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/06—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing aluminium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/22—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with molybdenum or tungsten
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C38/00—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys
- C22C38/18—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium
- C22C38/38—Ferrous alloys, e.g. steel alloys containing chromium with more than 1.5% by weight of manganese
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/001—Austenite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/002—Bainite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/005—Ferrite
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2211/00—Microstructure comprising significant phases
- C21D2211/008—Martensite
-
- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E01—CONSTRUCTION OF ROADS, RAILWAYS, OR BRIDGES
- E01B—PERMANENT WAY; PERMANENT-WAY TOOLS; MACHINES FOR MAKING RAILWAYS OF ALL KINDS
- E01B5/00—Rails; Guard rails; Distance-keeping means for them
- E01B5/02—Rails
Definitions
- the invention relates to a rail part, in particular a rail for rail vehicles made of a low-alloy steel.
- the invention further relates to a method for
- Bainite is a microstructure that can be produced during the heat treatment of carbon steel by isothermal transformation or continuous cooling. Bainite forms at temperatures and cooling rates which are intermediate to those for pearlite or artenite formation. In contrast to the formation of martensite, folding processes in the crystal lattice and diffusion processes are coupled here, as a result of which various conversion mechanisms are possible. Due to the dependence on
- Bainite like perlite, consists of the phases ferrite and cementite (Fe3C),
- bainite is in two
- Main structural forms distinguished, the upper bainite and lower bainite.
- Multi-phase bainite structure with a ferrite content of 5-15% For bows from a radius of 500m, the above phenomena occur nevertheless.
- the invention therefore aims to a track part, in particular a rail, the or for cost reasons and reasons of welding technology from a
- low-alloyed steel is to improve to the effect that even with increased wheel loads and larger arches on the one hand, the cracking is difficult and on the other hand, the initial crack growth on the one hand
- the track part should be well weldable and similar other material properties such as e.g. a similar electrical conductivity and a similar thermal
- the invention according to a first aspect provides a rail part of the type mentioned, which is developed such that the steel in the
- Rail head of the rail part a ferrite content of 5-15 vol .-%, an austenite content of 5-20 vol .-%, a
- Carbide-free bainite consists of ferrite needles with high dislocation density without carbide precipitations.
- the austenitic phase portions in the contact-affected zone undergo a different deformation mechanism than conventional carbide-containing rails. It comes to a deformation-induced martensitic
- a particularly good crack resistance is achieved when the proportion of carbide-free bainite 60-70. Vol. -% is.
- the ferrite content is preferably 8-13% by volume.
- the bainite forms a matrix in which austenite, martensite and ferrite are preferably distributed homogeneously.
- Austenite and martensite are preferably at least partially in island form, either polygonal or globular with one
- Austenite is further preferred partially in film form with a thickness of less than 1 m and a length of several ⁇ before. Martensite is particularly in part as pure martensite in very low or barely tempered morphology, so that hardly
- low-alloy steels are used in order to minimize costs and to improve weldability.
- Alloy components preferably carbon, silicon, manganese, chromium, molybdenum and optionally vanadium, phosphorus, sulfur, boron, titanium, aluminum and / or nitrogen with the remainder of iron.
- the essential characteristic of silicon is that its solubility in the cementite phase is very low. As a result, with homogeneous silicon distribution, cementite formation is strongly inhibited or delayed. Instead, carbon redistribution occurs in those temperature regions where cementite formation normally occurs. The reason for this is that the ferritic phase can dissolve significantly less carbon than the
- silicon is present in a proportion of less than 1.2 wt .-%. Silicon is, as already mentioned, alloyed to prevent cementite formation. Here, the silicon-carbon ratio is of particular importance, since in the case of too low Si content partially cementite formation can occur. On the one hand, carbides are undesirable per se in the desired multiphase structure, on the other hand, less carbon is available for austenite stabilization as a result of carbide formation, which subsequently facilitates martensite formation. This too is undesirable. In the state of
- the silicon content is limited to 1.20 wt .-%, since silicon can increase the electrical resistance greatly and thereby problems in the
- carbon is present in a proportion of less than 0.6% by weight, preferably less than 0.35% by weight. Carbon is the element that most affects the martensite start temperature. An increasing carbon content leads to a lowering of the martensite start temperature. The martensite start temperature should not be much higher than 320 ° C to avoid the occurrence of larger martensite in the course of heat treatment or further cooling at the cooling bed. The advantage of a lower carbon content is that the austenite can absorb more carbon and the
- Bainit Guess can take place to a greater extent. Furthermore, the risk of unwanted cementite formation is lower.
- Manganese is mainly added to the ferrite as well
- Manganese is also one
- chromium Like manganese, chromium also enhances hardenability, but has a stronger effect than manganese. In addition, chromium leads to solid solution hardening, which is deliberately used. On the one hand to prevent the occurrence of chromium carbides and on the other hand, the weldability T AT2018 / 000049
- Vanadium is a micro-alloying element that increases hardness without compromising toughness. It comes in addition to a solid solution hardening also to
- molybdenum enhances the rate of manganese and chromium.
- Time delay of ferrite and pearlite formation also exerts the element boron. Its effect is based on the fact that the atomic boron is hardly soluble in austenite and is therefore mainly located at the grain boundaries and thus in further consequence, the formation of nuclei for the ferrite or perlite greatly difficult. For this effect, just a few ppm of boron are sufficient, in about 30 ppm are enough for one
- a low-alloyed steel is used with the following directional analysis:
- Track sections are preferably provided when the track part in the head area has a tensile strength R m of 1150-1400 N / mm 2 . Furthermore, the track part in the head area preferably has a hardness of 320-380 HB.
- the invention stops
- controlled cooling in a first step a cooling in ambient air until reaching a first temperature of 780-830 ° C, in a second step an accelerated cooling to a second temperature of 450-520 ° C, in a third step, holding the second temperature in a fourth step further accelerated cooling until reaching a third temperature of 420-470 ° C, in a fifth step holding the third temperature and in a sixth step, the cooling of ambient air to room temperature.
- the controlled cooling is preferably carried out, as known per se, by immersing at least the rail head in a liquid cooling medium. Due to the accelerated cooling in the liquid cooling medium can targeted and in a short time the desired
- the accelerated cooling in the second step at a cooling rate of 2-5 ° C / sec
- the rail part is completely immersed in the cooling medium during the second step.
- the holding step between 450 ° C-520 ° C (third step) is intended above all a temperature compensation between the standing in contact with the cooling medium PT / AT2018 / 000049
- the cooling rate (and thus over the time until the temperature range is reached) as well as the residence time in this temperature range can influence the extent to which ferrite formation occurs or not. It may be in this
- the third step extends over a period of 10-300 seconds, preferably 30-60 seconds.
- the accelerated cooling in the fourth step at a cooling rate of 2-5 ° C / sec
- the track part is immersed in the cooling medium only with the rail head during the fourth step.
- Step) serves to form the carbide-free bainite with simultaneous carbon redistribution in the
- the austenite is mainly available as an island type, less of the film type.
- Range decides how strong the austenite
- Carbon can accumulate and remains metastable as austenite or martensitic during further cooling
- the third step extends over a period of 50-600 sec, preferably 100-270 sec.
- the adjustment of the two holding steps may be e.g. via a cooling to the lower limit of the temperature range followed by reheating.
- the track part is held during the third and / or fifth step in a position taken out of the cooling medium.
- the value of the first temperature and the value of the second temperature must be precisely determined in advance for the respective steel.
- the temperature of the rail is then continuously measured during the controlled cooling, wherein the cooling and holding sections are started or terminated upon reaching the respective temperature thresholds. Since the surface temperature of the rail can vary over the entire length of the rail part, but the cooling is carried out uniformly for the entire rail part, it is preferred that detects the temperature at a plurality of distributed over the length of the rail part measuring points and a temperature average is formed , which is used for the control of the controlled cooling.
- the cooling medium passes through three phases of the quenching process. In the first phase, the
- the temperature at the surface of the rail head is so high that the cooling medium evaporates quickly and forms a thin insulating vapor film
- the cooling medium comes into direct contact with the hot surface of the rail head and comes immediately to boiling, resulting in a high cooling rate.
- the third phase the convection phase, starts when the surface temperature of the rail part on the
- the cooling rate is influenced mainly by the flow velocity of the cooling medium.
- Transition from the vapor film phase into the cooking phase over the To standardize the entire rail length provides a preferred procedure that during the third step, a film-breaking, gaseous pressure medium, such as nitrogen, along the entire length of the rail part is brought to the rail head to break the vapor film along the entire length of the rail part and to initiate the cooking phase.
- a film-breaking, gaseous pressure medium such as nitrogen
- Pressure medium is introduced to the rail head, as soon as the first occurrence of the cooking phase is detected in a portion of the Gelfnilbie.
- the film-breaking, gaseous pressure medium is introduced to the rail head approximately 20-100 seconds, in particular approximately 50 seconds after the start of the second and / or fourth step.
- the rail In a first step, the rail is cooled to ambient air at a temperature of 810 ° C. In a second step, the rail is immersed over its entire length and with its entire cross section in the liquid cooling medium and it was set a cooling rate of 4 ° C / sec. After about 85 seconds, the rail was removed from the cooling bath and an initial surface temperature of the
- Rail head measured from 470 ° C, the point 2 was reached. During a period of about 45 seconds, the rail became in one of the cooling medium
- the microstructure is shown in FIG. 2.
- the following material properties were measured:
- Example 2 In order to increase the wear resistance compared to Example 1 (0.3% by weight C), but at the same time also to maintain the freedom from cracks, in Example 2, a material with
- Structural components strengthens, which has a very positive effect on the wear resistance. Due to the higher carbon content, heat treatment (accelerated cooling) mitigates the higher tendency to pearlite formation - that is, the area where perlite formation occurs is traversed very rapidly, so that no pronounced amounts of perlite are present on the railhead surface (up to 10 mm depth). can leave. This means that the structure continues from the previously mentioned
- Structural constituents consists.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Steel (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
ATA240/2017A AT519669B1 (de) | 2017-06-07 | 2017-06-07 | Gleisteil und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Gleisteils |
PCT/AT2018/000049 WO2018223160A1 (de) | 2017-06-07 | 2018-05-29 | Gleisteil und verfahren zur herstellung eines gleisteils |
Publications (3)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3478861A1 true EP3478861A1 (de) | 2019-05-08 |
EP3478861C0 EP3478861C0 (de) | 2024-02-28 |
EP3478861B1 EP3478861B1 (de) | 2024-02-28 |
Family
ID=62683066
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP18732233.4A Active EP3478861B1 (de) | 2017-06-07 | 2018-05-29 | Gleisteil und verfahren zur herstellung eines gleisteils |
Country Status (11)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (2) | US20200199703A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3478861B1 (de) |
JP (1) | JP7068347B2 (de) |
CN (1) | CN110691856B (de) |
AT (1) | AT519669B1 (de) |
AU (1) | AU2018280322B2 (de) |
CA (1) | CA3061470C (de) |
ES (1) | ES2715051T1 (de) |
RU (1) | RU2731621C1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2018223160A1 (de) |
ZA (1) | ZA201906768B (de) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110951943A (zh) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-03 | 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种贝马复相钢轨及其热处理方法 |
Family Cites Families (15)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4895605A (en) * | 1988-08-19 | 1990-01-23 | Algoma Steel Corporation | Method for the manufacture of hardened railroad rails |
AU663023B2 (en) * | 1993-02-26 | 1995-09-21 | Nippon Steel Corporation | Process for manufacturing high-strength bainitic steel rails with excellent rolling-contact fatigue resistance |
GB2297094B (en) * | 1995-01-20 | 1998-09-23 | British Steel Plc | Improvements in and relating to Carbide-Free Bainitic Steels |
JP2002249825A (ja) | 2001-02-22 | 2002-09-06 | Nkk Corp | 高強度ベイナイト型レールの製造方法 |
EP1288322A1 (de) * | 2001-08-29 | 2003-03-05 | Sidmar N.V. | Ultrahochfester Stahl, Produkt aus diesem Stahl und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung |
PL2103704T3 (pl) * | 2008-03-10 | 2012-12-31 | Swiss Steel Ag | Walcowany na gorąco długi produkt i sposób jego wytwarzania |
AT512792B1 (de) * | 2012-09-11 | 2013-11-15 | Voestalpine Schienen Gmbh | Verfahren zur Herstellung von bainitischen Schienenstählen |
CN102899471B (zh) * | 2012-10-17 | 2014-08-06 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 贝氏体钢轨的热处理方法 |
RU2532628C1 (ru) * | 2013-03-26 | 2014-11-10 | федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего профессионального образования "Пермский национальный исследовательский политехнический университет" | Сталь для изготовления изделий с повышенной прокаливаемостью |
CN104087852B (zh) * | 2014-07-25 | 2016-08-17 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 一种高强度贝氏体钢轨及其生产方法 |
KR20160024681A (ko) * | 2014-08-26 | 2016-03-07 | 현대제철 주식회사 | 고강도 냉연강판 및 그 제조 방법 |
CN104278205B (zh) * | 2014-09-03 | 2017-03-15 | 北京特冶工贸有限责任公司 | 低碳无碳化物贝氏体钢及其制造方法和其在钢轨中的应用 |
JP6610113B2 (ja) * | 2015-09-16 | 2019-11-27 | 日本製鉄株式会社 | 高強度合金化溶融亜鉛めっき鋼板と該鋼板用熱延鋼板及びそれらの製造方法 |
CN106048430B (zh) * | 2016-07-06 | 2017-11-03 | 马钢(集团)控股有限公司 | 一种高韧性轨道交通用贝氏体钢车轮及其制造方法 |
CN106435367B (zh) * | 2016-11-23 | 2018-07-10 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | 一种贝氏体钢轨及其制备方法 |
-
2017
- 2017-06-07 AT ATA240/2017A patent/AT519669B1/de active
-
2018
- 2018-05-29 US US16/616,663 patent/US20200199703A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2018-05-29 EP EP18732233.4A patent/EP3478861B1/de active Active
- 2018-05-29 RU RU2019143706A patent/RU2731621C1/ru active
- 2018-05-29 CA CA3061470A patent/CA3061470C/en active Active
- 2018-05-29 AU AU2018280322A patent/AU2018280322B2/en active Active
- 2018-05-29 CN CN201880037836.5A patent/CN110691856B/zh active Active
- 2018-05-29 ES ES18732233T patent/ES2715051T1/es active Pending
- 2018-05-29 JP JP2019565194A patent/JP7068347B2/ja active Active
- 2018-05-29 WO PCT/AT2018/000049 patent/WO2018223160A1/de unknown
-
2019
- 2019-10-14 ZA ZA2019/06768A patent/ZA201906768B/en unknown
-
2023
- 2023-06-28 US US18/343,336 patent/US20230416858A1/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
CN110951943A (zh) * | 2019-11-08 | 2020-04-03 | 包头钢铁(集团)有限责任公司 | 一种贝马复相钢轨及其热处理方法 |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CA3061470C (en) | 2022-01-25 |
JP2020521054A (ja) | 2020-07-16 |
US20200199703A1 (en) | 2020-06-25 |
AT519669B1 (de) | 2018-09-15 |
EP3478861C0 (de) | 2024-02-28 |
AU2018280322B2 (en) | 2020-09-03 |
AT519669A4 (de) | 2018-09-15 |
BR112019025788A2 (pt) | 2020-07-07 |
AU2018280322A1 (en) | 2019-10-31 |
RU2731621C1 (ru) | 2020-09-07 |
ES2715051T1 (es) | 2019-05-31 |
CA3061470A1 (en) | 2018-12-13 |
EP3478861B1 (de) | 2024-02-28 |
CN110691856A (zh) | 2020-01-14 |
US20230416858A1 (en) | 2023-12-28 |
WO2018223160A1 (de) | 2018-12-13 |
JP7068347B2 (ja) | 2022-05-16 |
ZA201906768B (en) | 2021-06-30 |
CN110691856B (zh) | 2023-05-02 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
DE69834932T2 (de) | Ultrahochfeste, schweissbare stähle mit ausgezeichneter ultratief-temperaturzähigkeit | |
DE69427189T3 (de) | Hochfeste, abriebsresistente schiene mit perlitstruktur und verfahren zu deren herstellung | |
DE69433512T2 (de) | Hochfeste bainitische Stahlschienen mit verbesserter Beständigkeit gegen Ermüdungsschäden durch Rollkontakt | |
EP2809819B1 (de) | Höchstfester mehrphasenstahl mit verbesserten eigenschaften bei herstellung und verarbeitung | |
EP3332047B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines flexibel gewalzten stahlflachprodukts und dessen verwendung | |
AT512792B1 (de) | Verfahren zur Herstellung von bainitischen Schienenstählen | |
EP2668302B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines stahlbandes aus einem höherfesten mehrphasenstahl mit ausgezeichneten umformeigenschaften | |
WO2018108653A1 (de) | Warmgewalztes stahlflachprodukt und verfahren zu seiner herstellung | |
DE2439338C2 (de) | Verfahren zur Wärmebehandlung von Schienen aus der Walzhitze | |
EP3535431B1 (de) | Mittelmanganstahlprodukt zum tieftemperatureinsatz und verfahren zu seiner herstellung | |
EP3221484B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines hochfesten lufthärtenden mehrphasenstahls mit hervorragenden verarbeitungseigenschaften | |
EP3504349B1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines höchstfesten stahlbandes mit verbesserten eigenschaften bei der weiterverarbeitung und ein derartiges stahlband | |
EP2690184B1 (de) | Kaltgewalztes Stahlflachprodukt und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung | |
DE2919156A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von hochwertigen schienen mit hoher schweissbarkeit | |
WO2016078642A1 (de) | Hochfester lufthärtender mehrphasenstahl mit hervorragenden verarbeitungseigenschaften und verfahren zur herstellung eines bandes aus diesem stahl | |
DE102014017274A1 (de) | Höchstfester lufthärtender Mehrphasenstahl mit hervorragenden Verarbeitungseigenschaften und Verfahren zur Herstellung eines Bandes aus diesem Stahl | |
DE69629161T2 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von schienen mit hohem verschleisswiderstand und hohem widerstand gegen innere defekte | |
US20230416858A1 (en) | Track part and method for producing a track part | |
AT521405B1 (de) | Gleisteil aus einem hypereutektoiden Stahl | |
EP3899059A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung von thermo-mechanisch hergestellten profilierten warmbanderzeugnissen | |
EP3783120B1 (de) | Federdraht, daraus geformte spannklemme und verfahren zum herstellen eines solchen federdrahts | |
WO2024068957A1 (de) | Verfahren zur herstellung eines stahlbandes aus einem hochfesten mehrphasenstahl und entsprechendes stahlband | |
WO2022207913A1 (de) | Stahlband aus einem hochfesten mehrphasenstahl und verfahren zur herstellung eines derartigen stahlbandes |
Legal Events
Date | Code | Title | Description |
---|---|---|---|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20190129 |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
RAP1 | Party data changed (applicant data changed or rights of an application transferred) |
Owner name: VOESTALPINE RAIL TECHNOLOGY GMBH |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20211116 |
|
P01 | Opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20230523 |
|
GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20231025 |
|
GRAS | Grant fee paid |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR3 |
|
GRAA | (expected) grant |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009210 |
|
STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE PATENT HAS BEEN GRANTED |
|
AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: B1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: GB Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: NOT ENGLISH |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: CH Ref legal event code: EP |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: DE Ref legal event code: R096 Ref document number: 502018014182 Country of ref document: DE |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: IE Ref legal event code: FG4D Free format text: LANGUAGE OF EP DOCUMENT: GERMAN |
|
U01 | Request for unitary effect filed |
Effective date: 20240229 |
|
U07 | Unitary effect registered |
Designated state(s): AT BE BG DE DK EE FI FR IT LT LU LV MT NL PT SE SI Effective date: 20240322 |
|
REG | Reference to a national code |
Ref country code: SK Ref legal event code: T3 Ref document number: E 43726 Country of ref document: SK |
|
P04 | Withdrawal of opt-out of the competence of the unified patent court (upc) registered |
Effective date: 20240412 |