EP3472509B1 - Structure de dome gaz pour une cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante - Google Patents

Structure de dome gaz pour une cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3472509B1
EP3472509B1 EP17745781.9A EP17745781A EP3472509B1 EP 3472509 B1 EP3472509 B1 EP 3472509B1 EP 17745781 A EP17745781 A EP 17745781A EP 3472509 B1 EP3472509 B1 EP 3472509B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
dome structure
gas dome
drum
hull
tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP17745781.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3472509A1 (fr
Inventor
Mohammed OULALITE
Bruno Deletre
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Gaztransport et Technigaz SA
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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/004—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels for large storage vessels not under pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/06—Closures, e.g. cap, breakable member
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/01—Shape
    • F17C2201/0147—Shape complex
    • F17C2201/0157—Polygonal
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2201/00—Vessel construction, in particular geometry, arrangement or size
    • F17C2201/05—Size
    • F17C2201/052—Size large (>1000 m3)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/03—Thermal insulations
    • F17C2203/0304—Thermal insulations by solid means
    • F17C2203/0358—Thermal insulations by solid means in form of panels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2203/00—Vessel construction, in particular walls or details thereof
    • F17C2203/06—Materials for walls or layers thereof; Properties or structures of walls or their materials
    • F17C2203/0602—Wall structures; Special features thereof
    • F17C2203/0612—Wall structures
    • F17C2203/0626—Multiple walls
    • F17C2203/0631—Three or more walls
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0379—Manholes or access openings for human beings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/033—Methane, e.g. natural gas, CNG, LNG, GNL, GNC, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/03—Mixtures
    • F17C2221/032—Hydrocarbons
    • F17C2221/035—Propane butane, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/033—Small pressure, e.g. for liquefied gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/043—Localisation of the removal point in the gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2225/00—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2225/04—Handled fluid after transfer, i.e. state of fluid after transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid after transfer
    • F17C2225/042—Localisation of the filling point
    • F17C2225/043—Localisation of the filling point in the gas
    • F17C2225/044—Localisation of the filling point in the gas at several points, e.g. with a device for recondensing gas
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2260/00—Purposes of gas storage and gas handling
    • F17C2260/03—Dealing with losses
    • F17C2260/031—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer
    • F17C2260/033—Dealing with losses due to heat transfer by enhancing insulation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0102—Applications for fluid transport or storage on or in the water
    • F17C2270/0105—Ships
    • F17C2270/0107—Wall panels

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of tanks, sealed and thermally insulating, for the storage and / or transport of fluid, such as a cryogenic fluid.
  • Sealed and thermally insulating tanks are used in particular for the storage of liquefied natural gas (LNG), which is stored, at atmospheric pressure, at approximately -162 ° C.
  • LNG liquefied natural gas
  • the invention relates more particularly to a gas dome structure which is intended to define a vapor circulation path between the interior space of the vessel and a vapor collector disposed outside the vessel.
  • the document KR20140088975 discloses a sealed and thermally insulating tank which is housed inside a double hull of a ship and comprising a gas dome structure intended to define a vapor circulation path between the interior space of the tank and two collectors of steam placed outside the tank.
  • the document FR 3 019 52 also shows a gas dome structure for a sealed and thermally insulating tank.
  • the gas dome structure comprises an outer shell which passes through the outer shell of the double hull and which is welded to the inner shell of the double hull, an inner shell which extends inside the outer shell and is connected in a sealed manner to the primary sealing membrane of the tank and an insulating intermediate space arranged between the inner barrel and the outer barrel.
  • the outer barrel comprises at its upper end an assembly flange consisting of a rim bent outwards and receiving a removable cover with the interposition of a seal.
  • the inner drum and the insulating intermediate space do not extend to the upper end of the inner drum and two vapor phase gas collection conduits radially pass through the outer drum in an upper zone of the outer drum, at the- above the inner barrel and the insulating intermediate space.
  • Such a gas dome structure is not fully satisfactory. Indeed, given its layout, such a gas dome structure is necessarily assembled in-situ on the ship, which complicates and lengthens the assembly operations.
  • the seal interposed between the removable cover is directly in contact with the vapor phase residing in the inner barrel.
  • the fluid stored in the tank is a cryogenic fluid, such as liquefied gas
  • the vapor is liable to exhibit low temperatures, down to approximately -160 ° C.
  • the seal is liable to be subjected to relatively low temperatures, which is liable to damage it and to cause leaks at the level of the gas dome. The reliability of such a gas dome is therefore not fully satisfactory.
  • An idea underlying the invention is to provide a gas dome structure which is simple to assemble.
  • the gas dome structure can be partially or completely pre-assembled in the workshop and the assembly of the gas dome structure on the double hull can be carried out easily.
  • such a gas dome structure may include one or more of the following characteristics.
  • the gas dome structure is a pre-assembled structure.
  • the second flange intended to be sealed to the internal shell has a diameter smaller than that of the first flange.
  • the outer barrel and the interior barrel each have an upper end; said upper ends stopping in the same horizontal plane and being connected to one another in a sealed manner by an assembly flange; the gas dome structure further comprising a cover which is fixed to said assembly flange by fasteners and an annular seal which is compressed between the cover and the assembly flange.
  • the insulating intermediate space extends as far as the assembly flange, which makes it possible to further thermally insulate the seal and limits the risks of leakage.
  • the assembly flange comprises an outer portion projecting radially outside the outer barrel; said fasteners passing through orifices formed in said outer portion of the assembly flange.
  • the cover has an internal face turned towards the inside of the internal barrel; said internal face being provided with a projection of insulating material engaging in the internal barrel. This also contributes to the thermal insulation of the seal.
  • the gas dome structure further comprises a vapor collection duct capable of conducting vapor between the interior of the barrel. interior and the vapor collector disposed outside the tank; said vapor collection duct passing radially and in a leaktight manner through the outer barrel, the intermediate insulating space and the interior barrel to open out inside the interior barrel.
  • the gas dome structure comprises an insulating sleeve passing radially and in a sealed manner through the outer barrel, the insulating intermediate space and the interior barrel and the vapor collection duct sealingly passes through said insulating sleeve.
  • the insulating sleeve comprises two concentric cylindrical walls connected to one another in a sealed manner and separated from one another by an annular space; said insulating sleeve comprising a closable connection which opens out inside the annular space and which is suitable for being connected to a vacuum pump so as to place the annular space in negative pressure.
  • the vapor collection duct has a bent portion disposed inside the inner barrel and comprises a lower portion directed parallel to the inner barrel towards the interior space of the tank.
  • the gas dome structure further comprises a support device supporting the lower portion of the vapor collection duct and arranged to distribute the forces exerted on said lower portion over the inner periphery of the inner barrel.
  • the support device comprises a first annular plate fixed to the interior barrel and projecting radially towards the interior of the interior barrel, a second annular plate attached to the lower portion of the vapor collection duct and projecting radially. towards the outside of said lower portion of the vapor collection duct and a plurality of support arms evenly distributed around the lower portion of the vapor collection duct and each comprising a first end fixed to the first annular plate and a second end attached to the second annular plate.
  • the lower portion of the vapor collection duct is equipped with a filter.
  • the vapor collection duct is connected to a three-way connection arranged outside the outer barrel.
  • the interior barrel and the exterior barrel each comprise bellows zones allowing their contraction or expansion under the effect of the temperature differentials.
  • the insulating intermediate space is filled with a gaseous phase placed in a vacuum and / or an insulating lining.
  • the insulating lining comprises one or more insulating materials chosen from glass wool, rock wool, wadding, fibrous materials, perlite, expanded perlite, polymer foams and aerogels.
  • the insulating intermediate space has a lower end sealed in a sealed manner by an annular flange.
  • such a fluid storage device may include one or more of the following characteristics.
  • the opening made in the inner shell has a diameter smaller than that of the opening made in the outer shell and the second flange has a diameter smaller than that of the opening formed in the outer shell and greater than that of the opening formed in the inner shell.
  • the thermally insulating barrier is a secondary thermally insulating barrier and the waterproofing membrane is a primary waterproofing membrane
  • the tank further comprising a secondary waterproofing membrane resting against the secondary thermally insulating barrier and a Primary thermally insulating barrier disposed between the secondary waterproofing membrane and the primary waterproofing membrane.
  • the outer barrel comprises a third flange projecting radially outwardly from the outer barrel and connected in a sealed manner to the secondary sealing membrane.
  • the gas dome structure further comprises an additional barrel which extends radially outside the outer barrel and which has an upper end welded to the first collar and a lower end welded to the second collar and an insulating gasket placed between the additional barrel and the outer barrel.
  • the insulating intermediate space disposed between the inner barrel and the outer barrel is divided into a primary compartment and a secondary compartment, sealed with respect to one another.
  • the primary compartment and the secondary compartment are separated by a sealed annular partition fixed on the one hand to the outer barrel and on the other hand to the interior barrel.
  • the primary compartment is equipped with one or more orifices formed in the outer barrel and intended to place the primary compartment in communication with a primary thermally insulating barrier.
  • Such a fluid storage device can be part of an onshore storage installation, for example for storing LNG or be installed in a floating, coastal or deep water structure, in particular an ethane or LNG vessel, a floating storage unit and regasification (FSRU), a unit floating production and remote storage (FPSO) and others.
  • FSRU floating storage unit and regasification
  • FPSO unit floating production and remote storage
  • the tank may be intended to receive liquefied natural gas serving as fuel for the propulsion of the floating structure.
  • the fluid storage device is configured in the form of a vessel.
  • the invention also provides a method of loading or unloading such a storage device, in which a fluid is conveyed through isolated pipes from or to a floating or terrestrial storage installation to or from the storage device tank.
  • the invention also provides a transfer system for a fluid, the system comprising the aforementioned storage device, isolated pipes arranged so as to connect the tank to a floating or terrestrial storage installation and a pump for causing a flow of fluid through the insulated pipes from or to the floating or terrestrial storage installation to or from the tank.
  • Another idea underlying the invention is to provide a gas dome structure which is particularly reliable, in particular in that it makes it possible to limit steam leaks.
  • the insulating intermediate space extends to the assembly flange, which makes it possible to further thermally insulate the seal and limit the risks of leakage.
  • a gas dome structure 1 for a sealed and thermally insulating tank for storing a liquefied gas, such as Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG) or Liquefied Petroleum Gas (LPG).
  • LNG Liquefied Natural Gas
  • LPG Liquefied Petroleum Gas
  • the gas dome structure 1 defines a vapor circulation path between the interior space 2 of the vessel and one or more vapor collectors 3, 48 located outside the vessel.
  • the tank is placed inside the double hull of a ship comprising an outer hull 4 and an inner hull 5.
  • the inner hull 5 constitutes the supporting structure of the tank.
  • the tank has a general polyhedral shape.
  • each wall of the tank comprises, in the thickness direction of the tank, from the outside to the inside, a secondary thermally insulating barrier 6 resting against the inner shell 5, a waterproof secondary membrane 7, a primary thermally insulating barrier 8 and a waterproof primary membrane 9 intended to be in contact with the fluid stored in the tank.
  • the primary thermally insulating barrier 8 and the secondary thermally insulating barrier 6 each consist of heat-insulating elements and more particularly of parallelepipedal heat-insulating boxes 10 which are juxtaposed in a regular pattern.
  • Each heat-insulating box 10 comprises a bottom panel 11 and a cover panel 12.
  • Side panels 13 and internal walls 14 extend between the bottom panel 11 and the cover panel 12 in the thickness direction of the vessel wall.
  • the panels, bottom 11 and cover 12, and the internal webs 14 delimit spaces in which a heat-insulating lining is placed, for example expanded perlite.
  • Each heat-insulating box 10 is held on the inner shell 5 by means of anchoring members.
  • the heat-insulating boxes 10 of the primary thermally insulating barrier 8 and of the secondary thermally insulating barrier 6 respectively carry the primary membrane 9 and the secondary membrane 7.
  • the membranes, secondary 7 and primary 9, are each made up of a series of strakes 15 in parallel Invar® with folded edges, which are arranged alternately with elongated welding supports 16, also in Invar®.
  • the strakes 15 comprise, in the direction of the width, a flat central strip resting against the cover panels 12 of the heat-insulating boxes 10 and folded side edges. The folded edges extend substantially perpendicular to the flat central strip.
  • the folded edges of strakes 15 are sealed to weld supports 16.
  • the weld supports 16 are retained each time at the underlying thermally insulating barrier 6, 8, for example by being housed in grooves, in Inverted T shape, formed in the cover panels 12 of the heat-insulating boxes 10.
  • connection ring 17 forms a structure which makes it possible to take up the tensile forces resulting from the thermal contraction of the secondary 7 and primary 9 membranes, from the deformation of the hull and from the movements of the cargo.
  • the gas dome structure 1 which passes through two openings 18, 19 formed respectively in the outer shell 4 and in the inner shell 5.
  • the gas dome structure 1 comprises an outer barrel 20, shaped cylindrical, which passes through the opening 18 of the outer shell 4 and the opening 19 of the inner shell 5.
  • the outer barrel 20 is open at each of its two ends.
  • the outer shell 20 is equipped with two flanges 21, 22 which are respectively suitable for securing the gas dome structure 1 on the outer shell 4 and the inner shell 5.
  • the flanges 21, 22 are welded to the outer shell 20 and protrude radially outwards with respect to the axis of the outer barrel 20.
  • the flange 22, intended to be fixed to the inner shell 5, has an outer diameter smaller than that of the opening 18 made in the outer shell 4 so as to allow it to pass through the opening 18 of the outer shell 4 during the installation of the gas dome structure 1.
  • the outer diameter of the flange 22 is however greater than that of the opening 19 formed in the inner shell 5.
  • the flange 22 can be welded in a sealed manner to the inner shell 5 at the periphery of the opening 19.
  • the other flange 21 is intended to be welded in a sealed manner to the outer shell 4, at the periphery of the opening 18 made in the outer shell 4, and has to do this an outer diameter which is greater than that of the opening 18.
  • the gas dome structure 1 further comprises an interior barrel 23 fixed to the exterior barrel 20.
  • the interior barrel 23 is formed of a cylindrical peripheral wall open at its two ends.
  • the inner barrel 23 is concentric with the outer barrel 20 and extends inside the latter.
  • An insulating intermediate space 24 is thus provided between the outer barrel 20 and the interior barrel 23.
  • the interior barrel 23 extends to the upper end of the exterior barrel 20 and the upper ends of the exterior 23 and interior 20 barrels are connected. to each other in a sealed manner by a substantially horizontal assembly flange 25.
  • the assembly flange 25 has an inner portion which connects the ends of the outer 20 and inner 23 drums and an outer portion which projects radially outwardly from the outer drum 20.
  • the outer drum 20 and the inner drum 23 are each equipped with at least one bellows zone 31, 32 allowing their expansion or their contraction depending on whether liquefied gas vapor resides or not in the gas dome structure 1.
  • one and / or the other of flanges 21 and 22, and in particular the flange 21 can be welded to half-moon-shaped wedges previously welded to the respective shell 4, 5 at the periphery of the opening 18, 19.
  • the thickness of the wedges is then dimensioned so as to ensure contact between the collar 21, 22 and the respective wedges, on the one hand, and between the wedges and the shell 4, 5, on the other hand.
  • the bellows zones 31, 32 each have an additional length allowing compression of the structure of the dome, and in particular the internal 23 and external 20 drums during its installation, this compression effect coming to be reduced, or even eliminated during installation. of the thermal contraction generated by the cooling of the tank 2.
  • a compression tool can be used in order to press the collar 21 against the shell 4 and compress the bellows zones 31, 32 during the welding of the collar 21 on the hull 4.
  • the gas dome structure 1 is furthermore equipped with a removable cover 26 so as to allow access to the interior of the tank via the gas dome structure 1, in particular for maintenance and inspection operations of the tanks.
  • the cover 26 has on its upper face a hooking member 27 allowing its manipulation by means of a handling tool.
  • the cover 26 rests against the assembly flange 25 and is fixed thereto by means of a plurality of fasteners 28, in particular shown in the figures 1 and 4 , which each pass through an orifice formed at the periphery of the cover and an orifice formed in the external portion of the assembly flange 25.
  • the fasteners 28 are for example made of a bolt comprising a threaded rod and a nut cooperating with said threaded rod.
  • a seal is compressed between the cover 26 and the assembly flange 25 and thus ensures a seal between the outside and the inside of the inner barrel 23.
  • the seal is by example positioned on a diameter smaller than the implantation diameter of the fixing members, that is to say between the internal portion of the assembly flange 25 and the cover 26.
  • the (s ) seal (s) is placed in a recess formed in the cover 26 or in the assembly flange 25.
  • the seal may be flat or O-ring.
  • the seal is made of a polymer, such as polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), butadiene acrylonitrile (NBR) reinforced with glass and / or aramid fibers, and / or carbon, for example from the Klingersil® brand.
  • PTFE polytetrafluoroethylene
  • NBR butadiene acrylonitrile
  • carbon for example from the Klingersil® brand.
  • the cover 26 comprises, on its internal face turned towards the inside of the interior barrel 23, a projection 33 made of insulating material engaging in the interior barrel 23.
  • the projection 33 made of insulating material has a diameter slightly smaller than that of the barrel interior 23. Such an arrangement also contributes to the thermal insulation of the seal.
  • the projection 33 of insulating material is in particular made of rigid or flexible insulating foam, for example of polyurethane foam or of melamine.
  • the interior barrel 23 and the exterior barrel 20 are also connected to each other in a sealed manner so that the intermediate insulating space 24 formed between the interior barrel 23 and the exterior barrel 23 is watertight.
  • an annular flange 29 is sealed between the lower edges of the outer barrel 20 and the inner barrel 23.
  • the outer barrel 20 and the inner barrel 23 pass through the ceiling wall of the tank, that is to say the thermally insulating barriers, secondary 6 and primary 8, as well as the membranes, secondary 7 and primary 9, to lead to inside the tank.
  • the inner barrel 23 and the outer barrel 20 extend to the primary membrane 9 of the ceiling wall of the tank.
  • the primary membrane 9 is connected in a sealed manner to the said annular flange 29 so as to ensure continuity of the sealing of the primary membrane 9.
  • the secondary membrane 7 is sealed to the outer barrel 20 so as to ensure continuity of the sealing of the secondary membrane 7, between the thermally insulating barriers, primary 8 and secondary 6.
  • the outer barrel 20 is equipped with a third annular flange 30, shown diagrammatically on the figure 2 , which protrudes radially outwards from the outer barrel 20 and which thus constitutes a support capable of welding the secondary membrane 7 on the outer barrel 20.
  • a third annular flange 30 shown diagrammatically on the figure 2 , which protrudes radially outwards from the outer barrel 20 and which thus constitutes a support capable of welding the secondary membrane 7 on the outer barrel 20.
  • the interior barrel 23 and the exterior barrel 20 extend beyond the primary membrane 9 of the ceiling wall of the tank and the primary membrane 9 is sealed to an additional annular flange, not shown, projecting radially outwards from the outer barrel 23.
  • the insulating intermediate space 24 is filled with an insulating lining 34 which is distributed uniformly over the inner bearing surface of the outer barrel 20, between said outer barrel 20 and the interior barrel 23.
  • the insulating lining 34 comprises one or more insulating materials chosen from among glass wool, rock wool, wadding, fibrous materials, perlite, expanded perlite, polymer foams and aerogels.
  • the insulating lining 34 has, in a zone corresponding to the bellows zone 32 of the inner barrel 23, a recess 46 allowing the housing of said bellows zone 32.
  • the insulating intermediate space 24 is placed in depression.
  • the gas dome structure 1 is equipped with a closable connection which, on the one hand, passes through the inner barrel 23 or the outer barrel 20 to open out inside the insulating intermediate space 24. and which, on the other hand, is suitable for being connected to a vacuum pump making it possible to extract the gas present in the insulating intermediate space 24 in order to place it under negative pressure.
  • the two embodiments described above are combined such that the intermediate insulating space 24 is both filled with an insulating lining 34 and placed under vacuum.
  • the gas dome structure 1 further comprises at least one vapor collection duct 35 which passes radially and in a sealed manner through the outer barrel 20, the interior barrel 23 and the insulating intermediate space 24 in order to conduct vapor between the inside the inner barrel 23 and the steam collectors 3, 48 located outside the tank.
  • the vapor collection duct 35 therefore does not pass through the cover 26, which makes it possible to simplify the operations of removing and placing the cover 26 when an operator has to access the interior of the tank.
  • the vapor collection duct 35 passes in a sealed manner an insulating sleeve 37, shown in detail in the figure. figure 3 , which itself passes radially through the outer shaft 20, the inner shaft 23 and the intermediate insulating space 24.
  • the insulating sleeve 37 comprises two concentric cylindrical walls sealed to one another and separated from one another. the other by an annular space placed in depression.
  • the insulating sleeve 37 comprises a closable connector 38 opening inside the annular space and intended to be connected to a vacuum pump so as to place the annular space in negative pressure.
  • the gas dome structure may also comprise several vapor collection ducts 35 passing radially and in a sealed manner through the exterior 23 and interior 20 barrels.
  • the vapor collection duct 35 has a bent portion such that said vapor collection duct 35 has a lower portion 36 which is directed parallel to the axes of the drums, interior 23 and exterior 20, in the direction of the interior space of the tank.
  • the angled portion as well as the lower portion 36 are removably attached to the rest of the vapor collection duct 35, for example by means of bolted joint flanges.
  • the angled portion as well as the lower portion 36 are thus removable in order to allow the passage of a man or material through this gas dome structure 1.
  • the gas dome structure 1 is also equipped with a support device 39, in particular shown in the figures 2 , 4 and 5 , which supports the lower portion 36 of the vapor collection duct 35 and which is arranged to distribute the forces exerted on said lower portion 36 on the inner periphery of the inner barrel 23.
  • the support device 39 comprises a first annular plate 40 fixed to the inner barrel 23 and projecting radially towards the interior of the internal barrel 23, a second annular plate 41 fixed to the lower portion 36 of the vapor collection duct 35 projecting radially towards the outside of the collection of vapor 35 and a plurality of arms 42 regularly distributed around the lower portion 36 of the vapor collection duct 35 which are each fixed between the first annular plate 40 and the second annular plate 41, for example bolted.
  • the first annular plate 40 is advantageously supported by sheet metal support brackets 43 which are welded on the one hand against the inner shaft 23 and on the other hand against the underside of the first annular plate 40.
  • the gas dome structure 1 comprises anchoring lugs 49 which are arranged in the insulating intermediate space 24 and welded between the inner barrel 23 and the outer barrel 20 in the areas for fixing the support brackets 43.
  • Such lugs anchoring 49 aim to partially take up the support forces of the vapor collection duct 35 on the outer barrel 20, in particular when the interior barrel 20 has a thickness that does not provide it with sufficient mechanical strength.
  • the lower portion 36 of the vapor collection duct 35 is equipped with a filter 44 producing a pressure drop and thus making it possible to prevent gas in the liquid phase from rising into the vapor collector 3 and leaving the chamber. tank.
  • the gas dome structure 1 further comprises at least one pipe 45 for supplying liquefied gas, in particular shown in the figures. figures 2 and 4 , which passes through the outer barrel 20, the intermediate insulating space 24 and the interior barrel 23, above the outer shell 4, and descends along the interior barrel 23 so as to open into the interior space of the tank.
  • the duct 45 has a plurality of injection nozzles making it possible to spray liquefied gas in order to cool the vapor phase of the gas stored in the tank and thus limit the increase in vapor pressure in the tank. interior space of the tank.
  • the vapor collection duct 35 is connected, outside the gas dome structure 1, to a three-way connection 47 leading to two separate vapor collectors 3, 48.
  • One of the steam collectors 48 is equipped with a safety valve, not shown.
  • the safety valve is calibrated so as to ensure evacuation of the gas in the vapor phase from the vessel when the vapor pressure in the vessel is greater than a threshold pressure of between 0 and 2 bars, for example between 0.2 and 0.4 bars. Taking into account the pressure drops due in particular to the bent zone and to the filter 44, the calibration of the safety valve is slightly less than the threshold pressure beyond which the vapor pressure in the tank must not go.
  • This vapor collector 48 makes it possible to extract steam from the tank in the event of overpressure and aims to control the pressure inside the tank so as to avoid overpressures liable to damage the tank.
  • This vapor collector 48 leads, for example, the vapor to a degassing mast, to a burner, to a ship's propulsion device or to a liquefaction device in which the gas in the vapor phase is reliquefied and then reintroduced into the tank in the liquid phase. .
  • the other vapor collector 3 aims to allow the circulation of vapor during the tank loading and unloading operations. Indeed, during loading operations, when liquefied gas is transferred from a supply terminal to a vessel, gas in the gas phase is simultaneously transferred from the vessel to the terminal, through the gas dome structure 1 and the steam collector 3, in order to maintain the pressure in the gas overhead of the tank is substantially constant. Conversely, during the unloading operations during which liquefied gas is transferred from the vessel to a terminal, gas in the gas phase is simultaneously transferred from the terminal to the vessel in order to avoid a decrease in pressure in the vessel.
  • the outer barrel 20, the inner barrel 23, the flanges 21, 22, the support device 39 and the vapor collection duct 35 are made of a metallic material, such as stainless steel, an iron-based alloy. containing nickel or manganese for example.
  • the gas dome structure 1 differs from the gas dome structure described above in that it further comprises an additional insulating barrier 50, between the two flanges 21, 22.
  • the gas dome structure 1 comprises a barrel additional 51 which extends radially outside the outer barrel 20, all around the latter.
  • the additional barrel 51 has a lower end which is welded to the collar 22 and an upper end which is welded to the collar 21.
  • the additional barrel 51 has a diameter smaller than that of the collars 21, 22. More particularly, the diameter of the barrel additional 51 is dimensioned so that each of the flanges 21, 22 has, at its outer periphery, an annular surface intended for its welding on one of the shells, which has a sufficient size to obtain satisfactory welding.
  • the additional barrel 51 is equipped with a bellows zone 52 allowing the expansion or contraction of the additional barrel 51. Furthermore, the space formed between the outer barrel 20 and the additional barrel 51 is filled. an insulating lining 53 which comprises one or more insulating materials chosen from among glass wool, rock wool, wadding, fibrous materials, perlite, expanded perlite, polymer foams and aerogels.
  • the additional barrel 51 and the insulating gasket 53 are pre-assembled to the gas dome structure 1 in the workshop before the latter is assembled on the double hull of the ship. Such an arrangement makes it possible to increase the thermal insulation capacities of the structure of the gas dome 1, in particular in the space located between the two shells 4, 5.
  • the additional barrel 51 is sealed to the flanges 21. , 22 so that said additional barrel 51 forms a tight barrier additional device capable of protecting the area between the two hulls against invasion by natural gas 4, 5.
  • the gas dome structure 1 comprises an annular partition 54, for example made of metal, having an internal periphery which is welded in a sealed manner to the internal barrel 23 and an external periphery which is welded in a sealed manner to a portion of the barrel. exterior 20 lying between the level of the shell 5 and of the secondary waterproofing membrane 7.
  • the annular partition 54 extends at the level of the secondary waterproofing membrane 7.
  • the secondary compartment 24b is filled with an insulating pad which comprises one or more insulating materials chosen from among glass wool, rock wool, wadding, fibrous materials, perlite, expanded perlite, polymer foams and aerogels and / or is suitable for being connected to a vacuum pump so as to be placed in a vacuum.
  • the primary compartment 24a is also filled with an insulating lining comprising one or more of the aforementioned insulating materials.
  • the outer barrel 20 comprises one or more orifices 55 making it possible to put the primary compartment 24a and the primary thermally insulating barrier 8 in communication.
  • the primary compartment 24a is able to be scanned. by an inert gas simultaneously with the primary thermally insulating barrier 8 and to be connected to a detection device which analyzes the gas present in the primary thermally insulating barrier so as to detect the presence of any leaks from the primary and / or secondary membranes.
  • the technique described above for producing a gas dome structure can be used in various types of membrane tanks, in an onshore installation or in a floating structure such as an LNG vessel or the like.
  • a cutaway view of an LNG carrier 70 shows a sealed and insulated tank 71 of generally prismatic shape mounted in the double hull 72 of the ship.
  • the wall of the vessel 71 comprises a primary membrane intended to be in contact with the LNG contained in the vessel, a secondary membrane arranged between the primary membrane and the double hull 72 of the vessel, and two thermally insulating barriers arranged respectively between the primary membrane and the secondary membrane and between the secondary membrane and the double shell 72.
  • loading / unloading pipes 73 arranged on the upper deck of the ship can be connected, by means of suitable connectors, to a maritime or port terminal for transferring a cargo of LNG from or to the tank 71.
  • the figure 6 shows an example of a maritime terminal comprising a loading and unloading station 75, an underwater pipe 76 and an onshore installation 77.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 is a fixed off-shore installation comprising a mobile arm 74 and a tower 78 which supports the movable arm 74.
  • the movable arm 74 carries a bundle of insulated flexible pipes 79 which can be connected to the loading / unloading pipes 73.
  • the movable arm 74 can be orientated and adapts to all sizes of LNG carriers.
  • a connecting pipe, not shown, extends inside the tower 78.
  • the loading and unloading station 75 allows the loading and unloading of the LNG carrier 70 from or to the onshore installation 77.
  • the latter comprises liquefied gas storage tanks 80 and connecting pipes 81 connected by the underwater pipe 76 to the loading or unloading station 75.
  • the underwater pipe 76 allows the transfer of the liquefied gas between the loading or unloading station 75 and the shore installation 77 over a long distance, for example 5 km, which makes it possible to keep the LNG carrier 70 at a great distance from the coast during loading and unloading operations.
  • pumps on board the ship 70 and / or pumps equipping the shore installation 77 and / or pumps equipping the loading and unloading station 75 are used.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Filling Or Discharging Of Gas Storage Vessels (AREA)
EP17745781.9A 2016-06-15 2017-06-13 Structure de dome gaz pour une cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante Active EP3472509B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1655569A FR3052843B1 (fr) 2016-06-15 2016-06-15 Structure de dome gaz pour une cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante
PCT/FR2017/051525 WO2017216477A1 (fr) 2016-06-15 2017-06-13 Structure de dome gaz pour une cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3472509A1 EP3472509A1 (fr) 2019-04-24
EP3472509B1 true EP3472509B1 (fr) 2020-07-22

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Country Status (8)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3472509B1 (ko)
KR (1) KR102332825B1 (ko)
CN (1) CN109416150B (ko)
ES (1) ES2827553T3 (ko)
FR (1) FR3052843B1 (ko)
MY (1) MY193201A (ko)
SG (1) SG11201811056XA (ko)
WO (1) WO2017216477A1 (ko)

Families Citing this family (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR3077617B1 (fr) * 2018-02-07 2022-08-19 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Installation pour le stockage et le transport d'un gaz liquefie
FR3078135B1 (fr) * 2018-02-20 2021-01-15 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Installation de stockage et de transport d'un fluide cryogenique embarquee sur un navire
KR102379076B1 (ko) * 2018-10-15 2022-03-24 삼성중공업 주식회사 액화가스 화물창의 가스돔 커버
CN109519699A (zh) * 2018-11-26 2019-03-26 安徽莎沃斯服饰有限公司 一种蒸汽储气罐
FR3093786B1 (fr) * 2019-03-15 2023-03-24 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Paroi de cuve comprenant une isolation améliorée autour d’une traversée
FR3095043B1 (fr) * 2019-04-15 2021-04-30 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Dispositif de contrôle de l’étanchéité de composants d’étanchéité
FR3106190B1 (fr) * 2020-01-13 2023-11-10 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Double trappe d’accès pour une cuve de transport de gaz liquéfié
FR3109978B1 (fr) * 2020-05-11 2022-04-08 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Dôme liquide d’une cuve de stockage pour gaz liquéfié comportant une ouverture munie d’une trappe additionnelle
CN112078750B (zh) * 2020-08-11 2022-11-29 沪东中华造船(集团)有限公司 一种lng船气穹筒体外场建造方法
FR3122477B1 (fr) * 2021-04-29 2023-12-08 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Installation de stockage pour gaz liquéfié
FR3135774A1 (fr) * 2022-05-20 2023-11-24 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Dôme gaz et cuve étanche et thermiquement isolante comportant un tel dôme gaz

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
GB579840A (en) * 1940-03-08 1946-08-19 Alfred Charles Glyn Egerton Improvements in or relating to vacuum jacketed containers
CN85203839U (zh) * 1985-09-05 1986-05-21 陈光宇 乙炔瓶阻火阀
FI125018B (fi) * 2012-02-29 2015-04-30 Wärtsilä Finland Oy LNG-säiliö
KR20140088975A (ko) * 2012-12-31 2014-07-14 대우조선해양 주식회사 리세스 타입 가스 돔 구조
JP6220164B2 (ja) * 2013-06-19 2017-10-25 川崎重工業株式会社 二重殻タンクおよび液化ガス運搬船
FR3019520B1 (fr) * 2014-04-08 2016-04-15 Gaztransport Et Technigaz Cuve etanche et thermiquement isolante logee dans un ouvrage flottant
CN204062462U (zh) * 2014-08-20 2014-12-31 安徽金鼎锅炉股份有限公司 一种具有保护柱结构的船用天然气储罐
CN204705592U (zh) * 2015-03-23 2015-10-14 钦州华成自控设备有限公司 锤度检测器和锤度在线检测系统

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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3472509A1 (fr) 2019-04-24
MY193201A (en) 2022-09-26
KR20190020317A (ko) 2019-02-28
CN109416150B (zh) 2021-02-26
ES2827553T3 (es) 2021-05-21
WO2017216477A1 (fr) 2017-12-21
FR3052843B1 (fr) 2018-07-06
CN109416150A (zh) 2019-03-01
SG11201811056XA (en) 2019-01-30
KR102332825B1 (ko) 2021-12-01
FR3052843A1 (fr) 2017-12-22

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