EP3470736A1 - Brique réfractaire et poêle - Google Patents

Brique réfractaire et poêle Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3470736A1
EP3470736A1 EP18190428.5A EP18190428A EP3470736A1 EP 3470736 A1 EP3470736 A1 EP 3470736A1 EP 18190428 A EP18190428 A EP 18190428A EP 3470736 A1 EP3470736 A1 EP 3470736A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
firebrick
air
combustion chamber
tertiary
stove
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18190428.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3470736B1 (fr
Inventor
George HUGHES-HALLETT
Alexander WELLS
Richard POCOCK
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
AJ Wells & Sons Ltd
Original Assignee
AJ Wells & Sons Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by AJ Wells & Sons Ltd filed Critical AJ Wells & Sons Ltd
Publication of EP3470736A1 publication Critical patent/EP3470736A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3470736B1 publication Critical patent/EP3470736B1/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/02—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C6/00—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion
    • F23C6/04—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection
    • F23C6/045—Combustion apparatus characterised by the combination of two or more combustion chambers or combustion zones, e.g. for staged combustion in series connection with staged combustion in a single enclosure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23L—SUPPLYING AIR OR NON-COMBUSTIBLE LIQUIDS OR GASES TO COMBUSTION APPARATUS IN GENERAL ; VALVES OR DAMPERS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR CONTROLLING AIR SUPPLY OR DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; INDUCING DRAUGHT IN COMBUSTION APPARATUS; TOPS FOR CHIMNEYS OR VENTILATING SHAFTS; TERMINALS FOR FLUES
    • F23L9/00—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel 
    • F23L9/04—Passages or apertures for delivering secondary air for completing combustion of fuel  by discharging the air beyond the fire, i.e. nearer the smoke outlet
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M5/00—Casings; Linings; Walls
    • F23M5/02—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used
    • F23M5/025—Casings; Linings; Walls characterised by the shape of the bricks or blocks used specially adapted for burner openings
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B1/00—Stoves or ranges
    • F24B1/02—Closed stoves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
    • F24B5/02—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves
    • F24B5/021—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around stoves combustion-air circulation
    • F24B5/025—Supply of secondary air for completing combustion of fuel
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F24—HEATING; RANGES; VENTILATING
    • F24B—DOMESTIC STOVES OR RANGES FOR SOLID FUELS; IMPLEMENTS FOR USE IN CONNECTION WITH STOVES OR RANGES
    • F24B5/00—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges
    • F24B5/06—Combustion-air or flue-gas circulation in or around stoves or ranges in or around ranges
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23C—METHODS OR APPARATUS FOR COMBUSTION USING FLUID FUEL OR SOLID FUEL SUSPENDED IN  A CARRIER GAS OR AIR 
    • F23C2900/00—Special features of, or arrangements for combustion apparatus using fluid fuels or solid fuels suspended in air; Combustion processes therefor
    • F23C2900/06041—Staged supply of oxidant
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
    • F23M—CASINGS, LININGS, WALLS OR DOORS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, e.g. FIREBRIDGES; DEVICES FOR DEFLECTING AIR, FLAMES OR COMBUSTION PRODUCTS IN COMBUSTION CHAMBERS; SAFETY ARRANGEMENTS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR COMBUSTION APPARATUS; DETAILS OF COMBUSTION CHAMBERS, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • F23M2700/00—Constructional details of combustion chambers
    • F23M2700/005—Structures of combustion chambers or smoke ducts
    • F23M2700/0053—Bricks for combustion chamber walls

Definitions

  • the present invention concerns a firebrick for a stove and a stove.
  • the present invention concerns wood burning or multi-fuel domestic stoves, having an enhanced tertiary air delivery system.
  • Wood burning and multi-fuel stoves have remained a popular method of heating homes.
  • combustion of wood results in the production of several unwanted by-products, such as carbon monoxide and smoke.
  • designs have focussed on increasing efficiency by delivering oxygen to different regions of the stove's combustion chamber using diverted airflows for promoting more complete combustion.
  • a stove's primary airflow is delivered through inlets located at the base of the combustion chamber. This thereby feeds air up through the firebed, allowing for an intense main combustion stage. Nevertheless, a proportion of unburnt particles will remain suspended in the heated combustion gasses as smoke.
  • One method for addressing this is to deliver a secondary airflow as a warmed stream of air for igniting any unburnt particles prior to their exhaustion from the stove. This secondary airflow may also be directed over the inner face of the stove's door as an air wash for keeping a stove's glass window clean.
  • a further air supply is provided to deliver a tertiary airflow from the rear of the combustion chamber to its upper region above the firebed. This is commonly achieved by forming apertures in a firebrick at the back of the combustion chamber, with the additional delivered oxygen enhancing combustion of smoke particles in the heated combustion gases collected at the top of the chamber.
  • a firebrick for a stove having a combustion chamber comprising: an air supply path for delivering a tertiary airflow to the combustion chamber, and wherein the air supply path comprises an air mixing formation for inducing swirling in the delivered tertiary airflow.
  • the air mixing formation modifies the airflow through the tertiary air path by imparting a rotational momentum such that the air ejected into the combustion chamber generates a swirling turbulence in the combustion gases.
  • This leads to better mixing of the air and smoke particles as they rise from the firebed, advantageously promoting their combustion and thereby reducing the levels of carbon monoxide and smoke produced.
  • the air supply path thereby provides a duct or ducts through the firebrick for both delivering and mixing the oxygenated air with the combustion gasses to enhance combustion efficiency.
  • the air mixing formation is formed integrally into the firebrick.
  • the improved combustion effects may be achieved by simply modifying the shape of the firebrick itself, either as part of its casting process or in a subsequent machining operation. As such, expensive modifications to the configuration of air ducts formed in the metal structure of the stove are not required.
  • the air mixing formation is provided by a channel formed in the firebrick.
  • the channel is a spiral channel for guiding the tertiary airflow.
  • the tertiary airflow is guided around the spiral as it travels through the air supply path thereby inducing the swirling rotational momentum in the airflow.
  • the material defining the walls between the spiral channel is equal to or greater than the width of the spiral channel.
  • the firebrick material is relatively brittle and overly thin sections may otherwise be prone to breakage; the above arrangement ensures the middle section of the spiral is sufficiently tough to minimise manufacturing defects and avoid damage during handling, installation and use.
  • the air mixing formation extends across a plane defined by a face of the firebrick.
  • the tertiary airflow is directed laterally as it passes through the air supply path. This imparts a lateral component to the movement vector of the airflow, thereby increasing the footprint in the vertical plane occupied by the swirling tertiary air.
  • the air mixing formation comprises a graduated channel depth for guiding the tertiary airflow through the firebrick. In this way, air is funnelled through the airflow channel formed by the mixing formation into the combustion chamber.
  • the delivery of the tertiary airflow may be distributed across the width of the combustion chamber for more uniform combustion.
  • the plurality of air mixing formations may be provided in an array.
  • the plurality of air mixing formations are fed by a manifold formed by a recess in a rear face of the firebrick for supplying air to each air mixing formation.
  • the plurality of air mixing formations may be fed by a simple cavity formed by a recess in the firebrick body.
  • the firebrick further comprises a front face for facing a firebed in the combustion chamber, and wherein the air supply path delivers the tertiary airflow from the front face of the firebrick.
  • the air mixing formation is provided on a back face of the firebrick.
  • the air mixing formation funnels air to an outlet provided on a front face of the firebrick for delivery to the combustion chamber.
  • the outlet of the air supply path forms an aperture through the firebrick for allowing fluid communication from the back face to the front face.
  • the air supply path comprises an air inlet for receiving the tertiary airflow from a stove manifold.
  • the air supply path comprises an air outlet for delivering a tertiary airflow to the combustion chamber.
  • the outlet forms an aperture through the firebrick for allowing fluid communication from the back to the front.
  • the air supply path is configured for delivering the tertiary airflow to above a firebed in the combustion chamber.
  • the air supply path is configured to outlet air from an upper portion of the firebrick, such that when the firebrick is installed in a stove, the tertiary airflow is fed in above the firebed.
  • a stove having a combustion chamber, comprising: an air supply path for delivering a tertiary airflow through a face of the interior of the combustion chamber, wherein the air supply path comprises an air mixing formation for inducing swirling in the delivered tertiary airflow for promoting burning of smoke particles in the combustion chamber.
  • a stove in which the tertiary air path is modified by the mixing formation to impart a rotational momentum to the flow.
  • the air ejected into the combustion chamber generates a swirling turbulence in the combustion gases, leading to better mixing of the air and smoke particles, promoting their combustion. This reduces the levels of carbon monoxide and smoke produced, and hence enhances combustion efficiency.
  • the face of the interior of the combustion chamber comprises a firebrick according to any one of the above statements.
  • the stove further comprises a tertiary airflow duct for delivering air to the air supply path.
  • the tertiary airflow duct receives air from an air intake manifold.
  • a combustion enclosure part for a stove comprising: one or more tertiary air supply outlets for delivering a tertiary airflow to the combustion enclosure; and one or more feeding channels for feeding air to the one or more tertiary air supply outlets, wherein the one or more feeding channels are curved for inducing rotational momentum in the tertiary airflow when it exits the one or more tertiary air supply outlets.
  • Figure 1 shows the back face of a firebrick 1 according to an illustrative embodiment of the invention.
  • the firebrick 1 is designed for use as the rear panel of the combustion chamber in a wood burning or multi-fuel stove. As such, together with side, floor and roof panels, the firebrick 1 defines an enclosure, with its front face for facing the firebed within the stove and its back face 2 for backing onto an air duct within the stove.
  • the back face 2 of the firebrick 1 comprises a recess 3 which forms an air delivery manifold for feeding air to a plurality of air feed channels 6 defined by mixing formations 4 provided in an array at the upper boundary of the recess 3.
  • Figure 2 shows an enlarged view of one of the mixing formations 4.
  • the mixing formation 4 is formed integrally into the back face 2 of the firebrick 1, with the air feed channel 6 having a spiral shape that extends laterally across a portion of a plane defined by the back face 2 of the firebrick 1.
  • the spiral shape of the air feed channel 6 is defined by the channel's curved walls 8. A portion of firebrick material forming the inner side wall 8 is thereby provided in the middle of the spiral, partially surrounded by the air feed channel 6.
  • the width of the air feed channel 6 is 5mm, with the width of the firebrick material in the middle of the spiral having an equal width or greater for enhanced toughness.
  • the air feed channel 6 has a graduated base 9 that gets deeper along its length, terminating in an aperture 7 formed at the centre of the spiral.
  • the aperture 7 forms an outlet to the front face of the fire brick.
  • the air feed channel 6 passes through the body of the firebrick 1, and defines an air supply path for funnelling an airflow from its inlet 5 at the top of the recess 3 through to the outlet 7.
  • the spiral configuration induces a rotational momentum for swirling the air delivered from the outlet 7.
  • the applicant has identified that one of the challenges with forming the mixing formation is to ensure that the design is robust enough to minimise manufacturing defects and avoid damage during subsequent handling.
  • overly thin sections of firebrick may be prone to breakage because the firebrick material is relatively brittle.
  • the above described spiral design allows the diameter of formation to be made sufficiently large to maintain the integrity of the material in any protruding sections.
  • the curved shape helps to minimise stress concentrations in the regions where different formations link together, allowing for smooth transitions between the recess 3, the air feed channels 6, and the outlets 7.
  • FIG 3 shows a cross-sectional isometric view of a stove 10 incorporating the firebrick shown in Figure 1 .
  • Figure 4 shows a cross-sectional side view of the same stove 10.
  • the firebrick 1 forms a panel located at the rear of the combustion chamber 11 of the stove 10.
  • the front of the firebrick 1 faces the combustion chamber 11, with the outlets 7 providing a linear array across the width of the firebrick 1 towards the top of the combustion chamber 11.
  • the back face 2 of the firebrick 1 backs onto the rear structure of the stove body, with the recess 3 forming a cavity aligned with the stove's tertiary airflow duct 12.
  • the tertiary airflow duct 12 is connected to the stove's manifold 13 provided at the base of the stove.
  • the manifold 13 is fed by an air inlet 14 provided at the rear of the stove 10. Consequently, an airflow path is established from the stove's manifold 13 through to the outlets 7.
  • an air feed enters the stove manifold 13 and is divided for providing the primary, secondary and tertiary airflows.
  • the tertiary airflow is directed up through tertiary airflow duct 12 to the back face of the firebrick 1, where it rises through the cavity formed by the recess 3 and into the airflow channels 6 defined by the mixing formations 4.
  • the spiral shape of the mixing formation 4 imparts a rotational momentum to the flow, prior to its release through the outlets 7.
  • the tertiary airflow delivered from the outlets 7 into the combustion chamber 11 has a swirling current. This acts to mix the gasses and suspended particulates at the top of the combustion chamber for promoting their more complete combustion.
  • the tertiary airflow is delivered to the combustion chamber 11 above the firebed.
  • Smoke particles produced from the combustion of the fuel, such as burning wood, are thereby further mixed by the swirling turbulence created by the airflow delivered from outlets 7. This promotes the subsequent combustion of these particles with the oxygen provided by the tertiary airflow, and consequently a reduction in the amount of carbon monoxide and smoke produced by the stove.
  • the present invention therefore promotes more efficient combustion by inducing swirling in the tertiary airflow to further improve the mixing of gasses and particulates within the combustion chamber.
  • the air mixing formations 4 could be disposed on the front face of the firebrick, with the formation guiding the airflow for inducing swirling after it exits an outlet aperture in the firebrick.
  • embodiments of the inventions may be provided as a stove, with the air mixing formations being formed as part of the stove body, rather than an integral part of a firebrick.
  • the outlets 7 may be provided as an additional component adjacent to the firebrick.
  • embodiments of the present invention may be provided as a stove incorporating a firebrick with the described mixing formation
  • embodiments of the present invention may also be provided as a firebrick for fitting to an existing stove.
  • a firebrick according to an embodiment of the present invention may be retrofitted since it may utilise the existing air inlet from a conventional stove body's rear air ducts.

Landscapes

  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Solid-Fuel Combustion (AREA)
  • Gas Burners (AREA)
EP18190428.5A 2017-09-07 2018-08-23 Brique réfractaire et poêle Active EP3470736B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
GB1714407.2A GB2566290A (en) 2017-09-07 2017-09-07 Firebrick and stove

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3470736A1 true EP3470736A1 (fr) 2019-04-17
EP3470736B1 EP3470736B1 (fr) 2020-09-30

Family

ID=60117085

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP18190428.5A Active EP3470736B1 (fr) 2017-09-07 2018-08-23 Brique réfractaire et poêle

Country Status (2)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3470736B1 (fr)
GB (1) GB2566290A (fr)

Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5113843A (en) * 1991-04-01 1992-05-19 Alladin Steel Products Combustion device for stoves and fireplaces
EP0678184A1 (fr) * 1993-01-09 1995-10-25 GREENALL, Jonathan Appareils de chauffage a combustible solide et elements associes
GB2503854A (en) * 2013-07-18 2014-01-08 Charlton & Jenrick Ltd Stove Construction

Family Cites Families (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5263471A (en) * 1992-01-06 1993-11-23 Shimek Ronald J Solid fuel clean burning zero clearance fireplace

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5113843A (en) * 1991-04-01 1992-05-19 Alladin Steel Products Combustion device for stoves and fireplaces
EP0678184A1 (fr) * 1993-01-09 1995-10-25 GREENALL, Jonathan Appareils de chauffage a combustible solide et elements associes
GB2503854A (en) * 2013-07-18 2014-01-08 Charlton & Jenrick Ltd Stove Construction

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3470736B1 (fr) 2020-09-30
GB2566290A (en) 2019-03-13
GB201714407D0 (en) 2017-10-25

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