EP3449688B1 - Système pour commuter une résistance - Google Patents

Système pour commuter une résistance Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3449688B1
EP3449688B1 EP17722409.4A EP17722409A EP3449688B1 EP 3449688 B1 EP3449688 B1 EP 3449688B1 EP 17722409 A EP17722409 A EP 17722409A EP 3449688 B1 EP3449688 B1 EP 3449688B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
resistor
switching device
switching
switch
potential
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EP17722409.4A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3449688A1 (fr
Inventor
Alexander HENNE
Norbert BOTZENMAYER
Hans Rechberger
Heinz Seiler
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Webasto SE
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Webasto SE
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0227—Applications
    • H05B1/023—Industrial applications
    • H05B1/0236—Industrial applications for vehicles
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B1/00—Details of electric heating devices
    • H05B1/02—Automatic switching arrangements specially adapted to apparatus ; Control of heating devices
    • H05B1/0202—Switches
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H05—ELECTRIC TECHNIQUES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • H05B—ELECTRIC HEATING; ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS FOR ELECTRIC LIGHT SOURCES, IN GENERAL
    • H05B2203/00—Aspects relating to Ohmic resistive heating covered by group H05B3/00
    • H05B2203/035—Electrical circuits used in resistive heating apparatus

Definitions

  • the invention relates to an arrangement comprising a heat-emitting first resistor, a control device for switching the first resistor and a (in particular grounded) component which is at a potential without direct reference to a control voltage, in particular a housing and / or chassis component, wherein the first resistor is arranged in spatial proximity to the component, in particular housing or chassis component, according to claim 1 and a corresponding control method according to claim 10.
  • DE 20 2012 013 008 U1 describes an electrically operable heating device which can be connected to a first pole via a first switching device and can be connected to a second pole via a second switching device.
  • US 2001/0045733 A1 discloses an oscillating or pulsed signal that is supplied to a seat heater.
  • Fig. 1 illustrates the prior art and shows a resistor which is located in the vicinity of a housing and is symbolically represented by the resistors R1 to R4. The resistor is cooled to dissipate heat from the housing.
  • the capacitors C1 to C5 correspond to a symbolic representation of a capacitance that is assigned to the resistor and is created by the spatially close connection of the resistor to the housing.
  • the transistor M switches the resistor (R1 to R4) on or off.
  • the entire resistor (R1 to R4) is at the supply voltage. If transistor M is now switched on, the voltage across the resistor (R1 to R4) changes.
  • a (in Fig. 1 ) lower end of R4 goes towards 0 V, while an (in Fig. 1 ) the upper end of R1 is still on the supply voltage.
  • the mean voltage i.e. one between one (in Fig. 1 ) lower end of R2 and one (in Fig. 1 ) upper end of R3 of the complete resistor (R1 to R4) corresponds to half the supply voltage.
  • the capacity (C1 to C5) in this schematic example is completely or at least partially discharged.
  • C1 is discharged "completely", for example, while C3 is discharged to half the supply voltage.
  • the charging and discharging of the capacitors described can lead to significant electromagnetic interference (both wired and radiated interference).
  • Shielding is not possible in all cases or can often only be integrated with significant additional costs. Shielding also ensures that any heat connection deteriorates, since both a shielding layer and at least one additional insulation layer are required.
  • filter components can be comparatively expensive, heavy and voluminous.
  • a slowdown of the clocking is often undesirable because the clocking is adapted accordingly to other requirements.
  • the object is achieved by an arrangement comprising a heat-emitting first resistor, a control device for switching the first resistor and a (in particular grounded) component which is preferably at a potential without (direct) reference to a control voltage, in particular a housing and / or chassis component, wherein the first resistor is arranged in spatial proximity to the component, in particular the housing or chassis component, and has a first and a second connection, the first resistor and the component forming a capacitance, the control device comprising a first switching device and a second switching device, wherein the first switching device, first resistor and second switching device are connected in series in the order mentioned and thus form a series connection.
  • a compensation device is provided and configured so that in the on state of the first resistor a voltage is present between the first and the second connection, so that the first connection is at a first potential and the second connection is at a second potential, the first resistor in the off state at an intermediate potential that lies between the first and the second potential, is held, in particular is kept at, at least approximately, half the supply voltage.
  • the first resistor is generally a resistor that couples to an external potential.
  • the control device is configured to control the first resistor in a pulse-width-modulated manner, the first and second switching devices being switched synchronously.
  • a key idea of the first aspect of the invention is that the (first) resistance in the off state is kept at an intermediate potential which lies between the first and the second potential.
  • a voltage corresponding to the intermediate potential can, for example, correspond to 30 to 70, preferably 45 to 55, still more preferably 48 to 52, still more preferably (at least approximately) 50% of the voltage which is in the on state at the first connection of the (first) resistor is present (which is usually the "supply voltage").
  • the compensation device according to the invention compensates for currents that are generated by capacitances between the (first) resistor and the housing, at least partially (ideally completely).
  • a core idea of the second aspect of the invention is that the resistance is controlled in a pulse-modulated manner, but not via only one switching device, but synchronously (simultaneously) via the two switching devices.
  • the compensation device (with the resistances described below and the connecting line described below) may be omitted (or is only optional). This compensation device essentially only plays a role when the switching devices are started up or switched on for the first time and can then in particular reduce an EMC interference.
  • a PWM control or subsequent switching operations during operation e.g.
  • the compensation device no longer plays a role (or - if provided - at best a minor one), since this is achieved by an (almost) synchronous one Switching the two switching devices (instead of just one switching device) can effectively achieve the same or at least a similar effect.
  • the full voltage swing during PWM switching is not present in the current PWM operation, but rather a smaller voltage swing (in particular at least approximately half).
  • the above compensation device therefore has the particular advantage that when switching on (ramping up) for the first time or when finally switching off (ramping down) the resistor (heating resistor), a one-time pulse is compensated for or at least minimized at this time.
  • a compensation device (with the resistors described below and the connecting line) is not absolutely necessary for compensating for faults during operation (that is, during a PWM control).
  • the control device is configured such that the two switching devices can be switched synchronously (in particular simultaneously).
  • switching on the resistor is to be understood in particular as starting up for the first time (after a longer pause, for example at least 10 seconds or at least one minute).
  • On and off is accordingly to be understood in particular as a final (at least for a period of at least 10 seconds or at least one minute) shutdown of the resistor (or disconnection of the resistor from the power source).
  • the resistor (especially the heating resistor) is still in the on state.
  • the first or second switching device can be switched off (that is to say block a current) when the resistor is in an on state.
  • a switch-on period that is, a period in which the switching device does not block current
  • a switch-off period that is, a period in which the switching device blocks the current
  • a final switch-off should mean an interruption in the operation of the resistor (heating resistor) for at least 10 seconds, preferably at least one minute.
  • a "spatial proximity" between the (first) resistor and the component (eg housing) is to be understood in particular as a (minimum) distance of less than 1 cm, in particular less than 0.5 cm, between the resistor and the component.
  • the “minimum distance” is the smallest distance if a distance between the resistor and the component (spatial, ie along an extension of an intermediate space) is not constant.
  • Resistor and component should, however, be spaced apart from one another to the extent that no short circuit is formed between the resistor and the housing.
  • the (first) resistor is preferably the resistance of an electrical heating device, in particular an electrical layer heating device. Electrical Layer heating devices comprise a heating resistor which extends flat and heats up when an electrical current is passed through.
  • the resistor is a resistor which is arranged for heat dissipation in close proximity to a (in particular grounded) component, which is preferably at a potential without direct reference to a control voltage, in particular to a housing and / or a chassis component .
  • the resistor can generally be a heating resistor, that is to say the component that is used to generate heat for heating in a heating device or another resistor that may have to be cooled.
  • the control device comprises a (high-resistance) second resistor, a (high-resistance) third resistor and a connecting line, the second and third resistor being connected in series with one another and connected in parallel with the series connection comprising the first switching device, the first resistor and the second switching device , wherein the connecting line connects a point between the second and the third resistor with a point between the two switching devices.
  • the desired intermediate potential in particular center voltage
  • a high-resistance resistor is a resistor whose resistance value is significantly (e.g. at least twice or at least five times) higher than the resistance value of the first resistor.
  • the resistance value of a (high-resistance) resistor can be at least 1 k ⁇ , preferably at least 1 M ⁇ .
  • the compensation device can have an active circuit, which has the effect that a corresponding voltage (in particular center voltage) can be set on the first resistor.
  • a resistance value of the second resistor and a resistance value of the third resistor differ by at most 10%.
  • the resistance values of second and third resistor are further preferred (at least essentially) the same size.
  • the difference (of at most 10%) should be calculated in such a way that first a difference of the resistance values is formed and this difference is divided by the smaller resistance value (and then multiplied by 100 to arrive at a percentage).
  • the resistances are essentially (or at least essentially) the same size, disturbances, as described above, can be significantly reduced or, in the ideal case, even completely avoided.
  • the above-mentioned connecting line can, for example, be connected (approximately) in a center of the first resistor. However, (deviating from this) it is also conceivable to connect the connecting line at another point (between the first and second switching device), for example at (or in the vicinity) of the first switching device or the second switching device or also at several points.
  • the first and / or second switching device are preferably designed as a transistor, in particular MOSFET or IGBT, or comprise such a transistor (MOSFET or IGBT), preferably based on silicon or silicon carbide or gallium arsenide. This provides a structure that can be switched quickly and reliably.
  • the arrangement according to the first aspect preferably comprises a control device that is configured to switch first and second switching devices synchronously (simultaneously).
  • the (preferably synchronous) circuit can also be provided by another component that is not necessarily part of the arrangement.
  • the arrangement according to the first aspect is principally characterized in that (in electrical terms) a structure is provided which (with preferably synchronous switching) enables corresponding compensation in a simple manner.
  • a support device in particular comprising one or more capacitances, for example parallel to the second and / or third resistor, is preferred for supporting a voltage corresponding to the intermediate potential (especially center voltage) is provided. If the first and second switching devices cannot be switched on "100%" synchronously, depending on the switching time and time difference, this leads to a differently high current that flows away via an earth connection.
  • the support device in particular capacitors
  • capacitors can now support the desired voltage (center voltage) in order to mitigate the effect of the time shift.
  • capacitors are connected in parallel to the second and third (high-resistance) resistor.
  • a microcontroller and / or FPGA can also be provided.
  • An FPGA Field Programmable Gate Array
  • Microcontrollers or FPGAs are provided for controlling the switching of the first and / or second switching device, in particular for resharpening a switching time of the first and second switching device. Difficulties with regard to a "timing" (switching time) of the two switching devices (in particular transistors or MOSFETs or IGBTs, preferably based on silicon or silicon carbide or gallium arsenide) can also be significantly alleviated by sharpening this "timing" to achieve the highest possible level of synchronicity. This enables effective compensation.
  • the arrangement can furthermore comprise a current source, in particular a direct current source.
  • a current source in particular a direct current source.
  • a current source can also be provided externally, so that the arrangement only has corresponding connections for connecting a current source.
  • a time interval between a switch-on time of the first switching device and a switch-on time of the second switching device is preferably less than 20%, preferably less than 5%, of a switch-on time period of the first switching device.
  • a time interval between a switch-off time of the first switching device and a switch-off time of the second switching device is less than 20%, preferably less than 5%, of a switch-on time of the first switching device.
  • a clock rate (frequency) of the PWM control is preferably in a range from 1 kHz to 30 kHz, more preferably from 8 kHz to 25 kHz.
  • a pulse width (duty cycle) of the PWM control is preferably in the range from 1% to 100% of a cycle.
  • the above-mentioned object is further achieved by a control method, in particular using the above arrangement, for switching a component in spatial proximity to an (in particular grounded) component which is preferably at a potential without (direct) reference to an actuation voltage, in particular an Housing and / or chassis component, arranged heat-emitting, first resistor with a first and a second connection, the first resistor and the component forming a capacitance.
  • the first connection is in an on state of the first resistor at a first potential and the second connection is in an on state at a second potential, the resistor in an off state at an intermediate potential, that lies between the first and the second potential is held, in particular is held at, at least approximately, half the supply voltage.
  • the (first) resistor (in particular heating resistor) is controlled in a pulse-width-modulated manner, a first switching device assigned to the first connection and a second switching device assigned to the second connection being switched synchronously.
  • a first switching device assigned to the first connection and a second switching device assigned to the second connection are preferably switched synchronously (in particular simultaneously), at least when they are switched on for the first time and finally switched off.
  • a time interval between a switch-on time of the first switching device and a switch-on time of the second switching device is preferably less than 20%, preferably less than 5%, of a switch-on time period of the first switching device.
  • an electrical heating device in particular a layer heating device, comprising an arrangement of the type described above and / or designed to carry out the control method described above.
  • the electrical heating device can also comprise a (clocked) wire heater or a PCT element as the heating element.
  • the stratified electric heater may include a stratified heater that forms an electrical resistance and is heated by flowing a current through the stratified heater so that heat can be given off for heating.
  • the heating layer can be applied, for example, in a plasma coating process, in particular plasma spraying, or in a screen printing process or as a resistance paste, in particular on the insulating layer.
  • a plasma coating process for example, an electrically conductive layer can first be applied, in particular to the insulating layer. Areas can then be cut out of the electrically conductive layer, so that one or more conductor tracks remain.
  • masking technology is preferably used. The conductor tracks can then form the heating resistor or several heating resistors.
  • the areas mentioned can be cut out of the conductive layer, for example by means of a laser.
  • the heating coating can, for example, be a metal layer and possibly contain nickel and / or chromium or consist of these materials.
  • nickel and / or chromium for example, 70-90% nickel and 10-30% chromium can be used, with a ratio of 80% nickel and 20% chromium being considered well suited.
  • the heating coating can, for example, have an area of at least 5 cm 2 , preferably at least 10 cm 2 and / or at most 200 cm 2 , preferably at most 100 cm 2 .
  • the heating coating preferably has a height (thickness) of at least 5 ⁇ m, preferably at least 10 ⁇ m and / or at most 1 mm, preferably at most 500 ⁇ m, even more preferably at most 30 ⁇ m, even more preferably at most 20 ⁇ m.
  • a conductor track defined by the heating coating can be at least 1 mm, preferably at least 3 mm, even more preferably at least 5 mm, even more preferably at least 10 mm, even more preferably at least 30 mm wide. “Width” is to be understood as the extent of the conductor track perpendicular to its longitudinal extension (which usually also defines the direction of the current flow).
  • the arrangement according to the invention can be designed for operation in the low-voltage range, preferably for 12 volts, 24 volts or 48 volts.
  • Low-voltage range should preferably be understood to mean an operating voltage of less than 100 volts, in particular less than 60 volts (direct current).
  • the arrangement according to the invention (and in particular a heating coating which may be provided) is preferably for operation in the high-voltage range, preferably for over 100 V volts or over 250 V or over 500 V, e.g. in a range of 250-800 V. In a higher volt range, the effects to be avoided which are explained above are particularly pronounced in the prior art.
  • the arrangement and in particular any heating coating that may be provided is designed for operation with direct current.
  • the stratified heating or heating coating can basically be as in WO 2013/186106 A1 and or WO 2013/030048 A1 described, be trained. There, heaters are described which have an electrical heating layer which heats up when an electrical voltage is applied (or a current flows).
  • the resistors already mentioned can in principle be made of any electrically conductive material, but are preferably made of metal.
  • the arrangement according to the invention and / or the method according to the invention and in particular the electrical heating device are preferably provided for and / or configured accordingly for use in a vehicle, in particular a motor vehicle.
  • Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of an arrangement with an electrical resistance to be switched according to the prior art.
  • the one to be switched Electrical resistance is symbolically represented here by the resistors R1 to R4. Basically, however, this is only a (continuous) resistance.
  • the schematically represented resistors R1 to R4 can also be understood as resistor sections of the resistor (that is to say individual sections of the resistor connected in series). Alternatively, however, these can actually be resistors structurally delimited from one another (for example four).
  • the resistor R1 to R4 is arranged close to a housing 10 for heat dissipation (cooling).
  • Capacitors C1 to C5 shown correspond to a symbolic representation of a capacitance of the resistor, which results from the close arrangement on the housing.
  • these capacitances can then be assigned to individual sections.
  • a switch M (specifically a transistor, in particular a MOSFET or IGBT) is provided which can be switched on and off. If the switch M is turned off, the resistor R1 to R4 is at the supply voltage, which is provided by a voltage supply 11. If switch M is now switched on (for the first time), the voltage across resistor R1 to R4 changes. This in Fig. 1 ) lower end of R1 goes towards 0 volts, while the (in Fig. 1 ) upper end of R1 is still on supply voltage. The consequence of this is that the capacity is discharged in whole or in part, according to the schematic representation C1 to C5. The capacitance C1 is discharged completely, for example, while C3 is discharged to half the supply voltage. Half the supply voltage corresponds to the mean voltage of the complete resistor.
  • Reference number 12 denotes an intermediate circuit capacitor. Additional capacitors 13 and inductors 14 are components of a network simulation (English: Line Impedance Stabilization Network, LISN) and are of no further importance for the present invention. Reference number 15 symbolizes an earth connection of the housing 10.
  • FIG. 2 an arrangement is analog Fig. 1 shown, but with differences according to the invention.
  • the elements / units with the reference numerals 10 to 15 correspond to the arrangement according to the prior art Fig. 1 , so that in this regard reference is made to the statements relating to the prior art.
  • Fig. 2 In contrast to the prior art, the arrangement according to Fig. 2 but not just a switch M (cf. Fig. 1 ), but two switches M1, M2 (which are designed as transistors, preferably MOSFETs or IGBTs).
  • two (high-resistance) resistors 16, 17 are provided, which are connected via a connecting line 18 to the first resistor R1 to R4.
  • first switching devices M1, first resistor R1 to R4 and second switching device M2 are connected in series.
  • second (high-resistance) resistor 16 and third (high-resistance) resistor 17 are connected.
  • the connecting line 18 is connected on the one hand between the (high-resistance) resistors 16, 17 and on the other hand connected to the resistor R1 to R4.
  • the connecting line can be connected between a second resistance section R2 and a third resistance section R3 (in the section-by-section view).
  • the connecting line could also, for example (in Fig. 2 ) be arranged above R1 or below R3 etc.
  • I1 and I2 symbolize currents that flow when switches M1 and M2 are switched on.
  • the two (high-resistance) resistors 16, 17 have the same value in the present exemplary embodiment (but can also vary, at least slightly, if necessary).
  • the switches M1, M2 are switched synchronously (simultaneously).
  • capacitors can also support the center voltage, which is applied to the resistor R1 to R4 when the switching devices M1 and M2 are switched off, in order to mitigate the effect of the time shift. These capacitors can, for example, be arranged in parallel with the two (high-resistance) resistors 16, 17.
  • the switching devices M1, M2 are controlled by a control device 19 (not shown in detail).
  • the (high-resistance) resistors 16, 17 and the connecting line 18 are elements of a compensation device 20 which (as described above) ensures that when the switching devices M1, M2 are (finally) switched off, a center voltage is present at the resistor R1 to R4.
  • a (fast) control unit such as a microcontroller or FPGA, can also re-sharpen the switching time (timing) of the two switching devices (MOSFETs) M1 and M2 in order to achieve a comparatively high degree of synchronicity.
  • Fig. 4 shows an alternative embodiment of the invention. This corresponds to the embodiment according to Fig. 2 and 3 with the difference that the compensation device (with the resistors 16, 17 and the connecting line 18) is not provided.
  • the resistor R1-R4 is PWM-driven.
  • the switching devices are not only switched synchronously when switching on and switching off for the first time, but also during the operation of resistor R1-R4 (that is, during the on-state of the resistor). This can compensate for, or at least reduce, disturbances during PWM control of the resistor (in particular the heating resistor) during operation.

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  • Electronic Switches (AREA)
  • Control Of Resistance Heating (AREA)
  • Power Conversion In General (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Agencement, comprenant une première résistance (R1 à R4) dissipatrice de chaleur, un dispositif de commande destiné à commuter la première résistance (R1 à R4) ainsi qu'un composant, en particulier mis à la terre, qui est situé à un potentiel sans lien direct à une tension d'activation, en particulier un boîtier ou un composant de châssis (10),
    - sachant que la première résistance (R1 à R4) est disposée à proximité spatiale du composant, en particulier du boîtier (10), et présente une première et une deuxième connexion, sachant que la première résistance (R1 à R4) et le composant constituent une capacité (C1 à C5),
    - sachant que le dispositif de commande comprend un premier dispositif de commutation (M1) et un deuxième dispositif de commutation (M2),
    - sachant que le premier dispositif de commutation (M1), la première résistance (R1 à R4) et le deuxième dispositif de commutation (M2) sont commutés en série dans l'ordre cité et constituent ainsi une connexion en série,
    -- sachant qu'un dispositif de compensation (20) est prévu et configuré de telle sorte que, dans l'état de marche de la première résistance (R1 à R4) entre la première et la deuxième connexion, une tension soit présente, de telle sorte que la première connexion soit située à un premier potentiel et la deuxième connexion soit située à un deuxième potentiel, sachant que la résistance (R1 à R4), dans l'état d'arrêt, est maintenue à un potentiel intermédiaire qui est situé entre le premier et le deuxième potentiel, et est en particulier maintenue, du moins approximativement, à mi-tension d'alimentation et/ou
    -- sachant que le dispositif de commande est configuré pour activer la première résistance par modulation de largeur d'impulsion, sachant que le premier ainsi que le deuxième dispositif de commutation sont commutés de manière synchrone.
  2. Dispositif selon la revendication 1,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le dispositif de compensation (20) comprend une deuxième résistance (16), en particulier à valeur ohmique élevée, une troisième résistance (17), en particulier à valeur ohmique élevée, et une ligne de liaison (18), sachant que la deuxième (16) et la troisième (17) résistance sont commutées en série l'une par rapport à l'autre et sont commutées en parallèle par rapport à la connexion en série composée du premier dispositif de commutation (M1), de la première résistance (R1 à R4) et du deuxième dispositif de commutation (M2), sachant que la ligne de liaison (18) relie un point entre la deuxième (16) et la troisième (17) résistance à un point entre les deux dispositifs de commutation (M1, M2).
  3. Dispositif selon la revendication 2,
    caractérisé en ce que
    une valeur de résistance de la deuxième résistance (16) et une valeur de résistance de la troisième résistance (17) diffèrent d'au plus 10 % l'une de l'autre, et sont en particulier, du moins sensiblement, égales.
  4. Dispositif selon la revendication 1, 2 ou 3,
    caractérisé en ce que
    le premier (M1) et/ou le deuxième (M2) dispositif de commutation comprend un transistor, en particulier MOSFET ou IGBT, de préférence à base de silicium et/ou de carbure de silicium et/ou d'arséniure de gallium.
  5. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un dispositif de commande (19) est prévu, qui est configuré pour commuter de manière synchrone (simultanée) le premier et le deuxième dispositif de commutation (M1, M2).
  6. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par
    un dispositif de soutien, en particulier comprenant une ou plusieurs capacités, par exemple en parallèle à la deuxième et/ou troisième résistance pour le soutien d'une tension correspondant au potentiel intermédiaire, en particulier d'une moyenne tension.
  7. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par
    un microcontrôleur et/ou FGPA pour la commande de la commutation du premier et/ou du deuxième dispositif de commutation, en particulier pour l'ajustement d'un moment de commutation du premier et du deuxième dispositif de commutation.
  8. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé par
    une alimentation en tension (11), en particulier une source de courant continu.
  9. Dispositif selon l'une des revendications précédentes,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un écart temporel entre un moment de mise en marche du premier dispositif de commutation et un moment de mise en marche du deuxième dispositif de commutation est de moins de 20 %, de préférence de moins de 5 % d'une durée de mise en marche du premier dispositif de commutation et/ou
    un écart temporel entre un moment de mise à l'arrêt du premier dispositif de commutation et un moment de mise à l'arrêt du deuxième dispositif de commutation est de moins de 20 %, de préférence de moins de 5 % d'une durée de mise en marche du premier dispositif de commutation.
  10. Procédé de commande, en particulier moyennant l'agencement selon l'une des revendications précédentes, pour la commutation d'une première résistance (R1 à R4) dissipatrice de chaleur disposée à proximité spatiale d'un composant, en particulier mis à la terre, qui est situé à un potentiel sans lien direct à une tension d'activation , en particulier d'un boîtier (10) ou composant de châssis, avec une première et une deuxième connexion, sachant que la première résistance (R1 à R4) et le composant constituent une capacité (C1 à C5),
    - sachant que la première connexion, dans un état de marche de la première résistance, est située à un premier potentiel et la deuxième connexion, dans un état de marche, est située à un deuxième potentiel, sachant que la résistance (R1 à R4), dans un état d'arrêt, est maintenue à un potentiel intermédiaire qui est situé entre le premier et le deuxième potentiel, et est en particulier maintenue, du moins approximativement, à mi-tension d'alimentation et/ou
    - sachant que la première résistance est activée par modulation de largeur d'impulsion, sachant qu'un premier dispositif de commutation (M1) associé à la première connexion et un deuxième dispositif de commutation (M2) associé à la deuxième connexion sont commutés de manière synchrone.
  11. Procédé de commande selon la revendication 10,
    caractérisé en ce que
    un écart temporel entre un moment de mise en marche du premier dispositif de commutation et un moment de mise en marche du deuxième dispositif de commutation est de moins de 20 %, de préférence de moins de 5 % d'une durée de mise en marche du premier dispositif de commutation et/ou
    un écart temporel entre un moment de mise à l'arrêt du premier dispositif de commutation et un moment de mise à l'arrêt du deuxième dispositif de commutation est de moins de 20 %, de préférence de moins de 5 % d'une durée de mise en marche du premier dispositif de commutation.
  12. Dispositif de chauffage électrique, en particulier dispositif de chauffage à couches, comprenant un agencement selon l'une des revendications 1 à 9 et/ou constitué pour exécuter le procédé de commande pour la commande de la résistance électrique du dispositif de chauffage selon l'une des revendications 10 à 11.
EP17722409.4A 2016-04-29 2017-04-28 Système pour commuter une résistance Active EP3449688B1 (fr)

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DE102016108005.5A DE102016108005A1 (de) 2016-04-29 2016-04-29 Anordnung zum Schalten eines Widerstandes
PCT/EP2017/060297 WO2017186958A1 (fr) 2016-04-29 2017-04-28 Système pour commuter une résistance

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CN109076645B (zh) 2021-04-23
KR20180124124A (ko) 2018-11-20
DE102016108005A1 (de) 2017-11-02
US11665782B2 (en) 2023-05-30
KR102145678B1 (ko) 2020-08-18
JP2019516224A (ja) 2019-06-13
JP6820495B2 (ja) 2021-01-27
US20210227631A1 (en) 2021-07-22
EP3449688A1 (fr) 2019-03-06
CN109076645A (zh) 2018-12-21

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