EP3449172A1 - Method and device for filling a high pressure storage tank - Google Patents

Method and device for filling a high pressure storage tank

Info

Publication number
EP3449172A1
EP3449172A1 EP17718022.1A EP17718022A EP3449172A1 EP 3449172 A1 EP3449172 A1 EP 3449172A1 EP 17718022 A EP17718022 A EP 17718022A EP 3449172 A1 EP3449172 A1 EP 3449172A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
hydrogen
gas
temperature
mixing point
stream
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Withdrawn
Application number
EP17718022.1A
Other languages
German (de)
French (fr)
Inventor
Wilfried-Henning Reese
Tobias Kederer
Martin BRÜCKLMEIER
Simon Schäfer
Michael WESTERMEIER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Linde GmbH
Original Assignee
Linde GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Linde GmbH filed Critical Linde GmbH
Publication of EP3449172A1 publication Critical patent/EP3449172A1/en
Withdrawn legal-status Critical Current

Links

Classifications

    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F17C13/04—Arrangement or mounting of valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C13/00—Details of vessels or of the filling or discharging of vessels
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C7/00—Methods or apparatus for discharging liquefied, solidified, or compressed gases from pressure vessels, not covered by another subclass
    • F17C7/02—Discharging liquefied gases
    • F17C7/04—Discharging liquefied gases with change of state, e.g. vaporisation
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0323—Valves
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2205/00—Vessel construction, in particular mounting arrangements, attachments or identifications means
    • F17C2205/03—Fluid connections, filters, valves, closure means or other attachments
    • F17C2205/0302—Fittings, valves, filters, or components in connection with the gas storage device
    • F17C2205/0352—Pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2221/00—Handled fluid, in particular type of fluid
    • F17C2221/01—Pure fluids
    • F17C2221/012—Hydrogen
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/01—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the phase
    • F17C2223/0146—Two-phase
    • F17C2223/0153—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL
    • F17C2223/0161—Liquefied gas, e.g. LPG, GPL cryogenic, e.g. LNG, GNL, PLNG
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/035—High pressure (>10 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/03—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by the pressure level
    • F17C2223/036—Very high pressure (>80 bar)
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2223/00—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel
    • F17C2223/04—Handled fluid before transfer, i.e. state of fluid when stored in the vessel or before transfer from the vessel characterised by other properties of handled fluid before transfer
    • F17C2223/042—Localisation of the removal point
    • F17C2223/046—Localisation of the removal point in the liquid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/01—Propulsion of the fluid
    • F17C2227/0128—Propulsion of the fluid with pumps or compressors
    • F17C2227/0135—Pumps
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0302—Heat exchange with the fluid by heating
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2227/00—Transfer of fluids, i.e. method or means for transferring the fluid; Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/03—Heat exchange with the fluid
    • F17C2227/0367—Localisation of heat exchange
    • F17C2227/0388—Localisation of heat exchange separate
    • F17C2227/039—Localisation of heat exchange separate on the pipes
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/043—Pressure
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/04—Indicating or measuring of parameters as input values
    • F17C2250/0404—Parameters indicated or measured
    • F17C2250/0439—Temperature
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2250/00—Accessories; Control means; Indicating, measuring or monitoring of parameters
    • F17C2250/06—Controlling or regulating of parameters as output values
    • F17C2250/0605—Parameters
    • F17C2250/0636—Flow or movement of content
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/02—Mixing fluids
    • F17C2265/022—Mixing fluids identical fluid
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2265/00—Effects achieved by gas storage or gas handling
    • F17C2265/06—Fluid distribution
    • F17C2265/065—Fluid distribution for refueling vehicle fuel tanks
    • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F17—STORING OR DISTRIBUTING GASES OR LIQUIDS
    • F17C—VESSELS FOR CONTAINING OR STORING COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED OR SOLIDIFIED GASES; FIXED-CAPACITY GAS-HOLDERS; FILLING VESSELS WITH, OR DISCHARGING FROM VESSELS, COMPRESSED, LIQUEFIED, OR SOLIDIFIED GASES
    • F17C2270/00—Applications
    • F17C2270/01—Applications for fluid transport or storage
    • F17C2270/0134—Applications for fluid transport or storage placed above the ground
    • F17C2270/0139—Fuel stations
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
    • Y02E60/32—Hydrogen storage
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
    • Y02P90/45—Hydrogen technologies in production processes

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for setting a hydrogen outlet temperature at a filling station, which, inter alia, a liquid storage, a
  • Cryopump, a heat exchanger, a gas storage and a mixing point comprises.
  • Components of a hydrogen filling station include a storage device in which the hydrogen can be stored in liquid and / or gaseous form.
  • a liquid storage since the storage density is higher.
  • the disadvantage of this are the low temperatures of the liquid hydrogen.
  • a gas storage is often provided in which hydrogen is stored at ambient temperature, but to a pressure of up to 1000 bar, in particular up to 910bar, compressed.
  • Modern hydrogen vehicles preferably have a fuel tank for storing gaseous hydrogen at 350 or 700 bar.
  • the temperature of the hydrogen, which is filled in the fuel tank, should have a filling temperature between -33 to -40 ° C.
  • Components of a hydrogen filling station are therefore usually additionally at least one pump, in particular a cryopump in liquid storage, a plurality of heat exchange devices, a plurality of pressure control valves, in particular cryogenic high-pressure throttle valves and temperature, pressure and flow control.
  • Another component of a hydrogen refueling station is a gas pump, to which the fuel nozzle and the corresponding filling hose are accessible to the customer.
  • the dispenser has additional electronic devices, in particular for controlling the dispensing and billing of the discharged hydrogen. The more components that are required for a hydrogen filling station, the higher the investment costs and also any operating and maintenance costs.
  • the invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for the conditioning of hydrogen in which the filling temperature of the hydrogen at the pump, while maintaining a defined pressure change ramp, can be maintained at a pre-defined temperature level without the use of complex equipment.
  • This object is achieved by the method in that a cold hydrogen stream and a warm hydrogen stream are mixed so that the temperature at the mixing point is between -30 and -45 ° C. In particular, the temperature at the mixing point is between -33 and -40 ° C.
  • a temperature sensor preferably measures the temperature of the mixed gas stream, which is conducted from the mixing point via a further gas line to the gas pump and from there to a receiver tank, in particular the fuel tank of a vehicle or a gas cylinder.
  • the cold gas stream advantageously has a temperature between -243 and -203 ° C or between -203 and -80 ° C.
  • a second partial flow is branched off after the cryopump at a distributor.
  • This partial stream is heated by a heat exchanger and also fed via a gas line to the mixing point.
  • the second partial stream is called after the heat exchanger as a warm hydrogen stream.
  • the hydrogen is warmed in the heat exchanger.
  • the heat exchanger may have several stages in a particular embodiment.
  • the warm partial flow advantageously has
  • Ambient temperature in particular -20 to +40 ° C on.
  • the ambient temperature depends on the external climatic conditions of the region where the gas station is located.
  • the proportion of the warm partial flow at the mixing point is greater than the proportion of the cold partial flow.
  • the hydrogen streams after the cryopump preferably have a pressure of 20 to 1500 bar, preferably between 350 and 1000 bar and in particular between 700 and 900 bar.
  • the pressure of the hydrogen streams in particular the warm hydrogen stream, predetermined by a pressure regulator, which after the
  • the warm hydrogen stream can be selectively or partially routed to the mixing point or be stored via a further gas line in a high-pressure accumulator, the gas storage.
  • a pressure regulator is arranged. The pressure regulator is in turn connected to the gas line which directs cold hydrogen flow into the heat exchanger.
  • the hot gas stream can be passed to the heat exchanger preferably directly to the mixing point. Is not warm at the mixing point
  • Hydrogen stream or only a portion of the warm hydrogen flow required the other part can be stored in the gas storage. If a warm stream of hydrogen is required again, this is expelled from the gas storage via the pressure regulator, passed to the heat exchanger for temperature control and then fed to the mixing point.
  • the hydrogen is stored in the gas reservoir at a pressure of 500 to 2000 bar, in particular at 800 to 1000 bar. If in one
  • the pressure in the gas storage is higher than in the gas line, the stored hydrogen is released via the pressure regulator. As a result, the gas stream is cooled, so that it is tempered again by the heat exchanger.
  • the gas storage is preferably a high-pressure gas storage, which is divided into several sections. The individual sections can advantageously be used independently of each other. In a particular embodiment, it is also possible that the storage pressures of the individual sections are different.
  • the cryopump of the hydrogen filling station is preferably a piston pump.
  • the amount of hydrogen which is conveyed through the cryopump regulated by the frequency of the reciprocating piston.
  • the cryopump can be promoted by the cryopump exactly the amount of cold hydrogen flow, which is necessary at the mixing point for adjusting the temperature.
  • the outlet temperature of the gas stream at the mixing point should be between -33 and -40.degree. C. and the gas stream should have a pressure of 350 to 900 bar.
  • This gas stream is then delivered to a vehicle via the pump, in which advantageously pressure, temperature and flow sensors or regulators are mounted.
  • heat exchangers can be operated independently of each other and thus adapted to the operation or the utilization of the gas station.
  • the pressure regulator can be ensured that the warm gas stream at the same pressure level as the cold gas stream, which is compressed directly by the cryopump, is similar or equal and the two gas streams can be mixed at the mixing point in the correct ratio to the desired temperature level to reach.
  • the temperature sensor is advantageously in communication with the drive of the cryopump.
  • the hydrogen is advantageously stored in liquid form in a storage tank of the gas station.
  • the storage tank is also preferably in direct communication with the cryopump.
  • FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention.
  • Hydrogen is stored in liquid form in a liquid reservoir 1.
  • a cryopump 2 the liquid hydrogen is removed from the liquid reservoir 1 and only promoted or compressed as needed.
  • the gas stream from the cryopump 2 is split into a gas line 4 and / or a gas line 5.
  • the gas stream from the cryopump 2 is passed directly to the mixing point 7.
  • the gas stream exiting from the cryopump 2 has a temperature between -223 and -210 ° C and is at a pressure of 900 bar.
  • the gas line 5 leads via a heat exchanger 6 and a gas line 8 to the mixing point 7.
  • the gas storage 1 1 is a high-pressure accumulator, which is divided into a plurality of storage containers that can be separated from each other.
  • the heated via the heat exchanger 6 hydrogen gas at a pressure of 500 to 1000 bar and a temperature of -20 to 40 ° C is stored.
  • the gas can be fed back into the gas line 5 and are also guided via the heat exchanger 6 and the gas line 8 to the mixing point 7.
  • the temperature is measured via a temperature sensor T.
  • the temperature sensor T is above a
  • Temperature must be between -33 and -40 ° C. In order to set this temperature, a cold stream is mixed directly from the cryopump and via gas line 4 with the warmer stream from gas line 8 in the mixing point. From the mixing point 7, a gas line 13 leads into the gas pump 14 and the Greschlau 15 via which the storage tank of a vehicle is filled with hydrogen.

Abstract

The invention relates to a method for adjusting a hydrogen outlet temperature at a filling station, comprising inter alia a liquid reservoir (1), a cryopump (2), a heat exchanger (6), a gas reservoir (11) and a mixing point (7), wherein a cold hydrogen stream and a warm hydrogen stream are intermixed such that the temperature at the mixing point (7) lies between -30 and -45°C.

Description

Beschreibung  description
Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Befüllen eines Hochdruckspeichertanks Method and device for filling a high-pressure storage tank
Die Erfindung betrifft ein Verfahren zum Einstellen einer Wasserstoffaustrittstemperatur an einer Befüllstation, welche unter anderem einen Flüssigkeitsspeicher, eine The invention relates to a method for setting a hydrogen outlet temperature at a filling station, which, inter alia, a liquid storage, a
Kryopumpe, einen Wärmetauscher, einen Gasspeicher und eine Mischstelle umfasst.  Cryopump, a heat exchanger, a gas storage and a mixing point comprises.
Immer mehr Fahrzeughersteller präsentieren Kraftfahrzeuge, welche durch gasförmige Kraftstoffe wie Erdgas, Autogas oder Wasserstoff angetrieben werden. Dazu zählen nicht nur Personenkraftwagen, sondern auch Busse, Lastwägen und Gabelstapler. Bisher ist jedoch noch kein flächendeckendes Netz an Tankstellen, insbesondere an Wasserstofftankstellen, vorhanden. More and more vehicle manufacturers present motor vehicles that are powered by gaseous fuels such as natural gas, LPG or hydrogen. These include not only passenger cars, but also buses, trucks and forklifts. So far, however, there is still no nationwide network of gas stations, especially at hydrogen filling stations, available.
Ein Grund für die geringe Verbreitung von Wasserstofftankstellen oder Befüllstationen für Fahrzeuge die mit Wasserstoff betrieben werden ist deren geringe One reason for the low prevalence of hydrogen filling stations or filling stations for vehicles running on hydrogen is their low
Wirtschaftlichkeit. Dadurch, dass es bisher wenige mit Wasserstoff betrieben  Economics. Due to the fact that so far few have been using hydrogen
Fahrzeuge gibt, sind Wasserstofftankstellen oft unrentabel. Vehicles, hydrogen refueling stations are often unprofitable.
Bestandteile einer Wasserstofftankstelle sind unter anderem eine Speichereinrichtung in welcher der Wasserstoff flüssig und/oder gasförmig gespeichert werden kann. Components of a hydrogen filling station include a storage device in which the hydrogen can be stored in liquid and / or gaseous form.
Bevorzugt ist eine flüssige Lagerung, da die Speicherdichte höher ist. Nachteilig daran sind jedoch die geringen Temperaturen des flüssigen Wasserstoffs. So wird oft auch ein Gasspeicher vorgesehen, worin Wasserstoff bei Umgebungstemperatur lagert, jedoch auf einen Druck von bis zu 1000 bar, insbesondere auf bis zu 910bar, komprimiert ist.  Preference is given to a liquid storage, since the storage density is higher. The disadvantage of this, however, are the low temperatures of the liquid hydrogen. Thus, a gas storage is often provided in which hydrogen is stored at ambient temperature, but to a pressure of up to 1000 bar, in particular up to 910bar, compressed.
Moderne Wasserstofffahrzeuge verfügen bevorzugt über einen Kraftstofftank zur Speicherung von gasförmigem Wasserstoff bei 350 oder 700 bar.  Modern hydrogen vehicles preferably have a fuel tank for storing gaseous hydrogen at 350 or 700 bar.
Die Temperatur des Wasserstoffs, welcher in den Kraftstofftank eingefüllt wird, soll eine Fülltemperatur zwischen -33 bis -40 °C aufweisen. The temperature of the hydrogen, which is filled in the fuel tank, should have a filling temperature between -33 to -40 ° C.
Dies bedeutet, dass sowohl bei einer flüssigen als auch bei einer gasförmigen This means that both in a liquid and a gaseous
Lagerung des Wasserstoffs aufwendige Vorrichtungen zur Konditionierung des Wasserstoff vorgehalten werden müssen, da dieser entweder gekühlt oder erwärmt werden muss. Bestandteile einer Wasserstofftankstelle sind deshalb in der Regel zusätzlich mindestens eine Pumpe, insbesondere eine Kryopumpe bei flüssiger Lagerung, mehrere Wärmetauschvorrichtungen, mehrere Druckregelventile insbesondere kryogene Hochdruck-Drosselventile und Temperatur-, Druck- und Durchflussregler. Weiterer Bestandteil einer Wasserstofftankstelle ist eine Zapfsäule, an welcher die Zapfpistole und der entsprechende Füllschlauch für den Kunden zugänglich sind. Die Zapfsäule weist in der Regel zusätzliche elektronische Einrichtungen, insbesondere zur Steuerung der Abgabe und zur Abrechnung des abgetankten Wasserstoffs auf. Je mehr Bestandteile für eine Wasserstofftankstelle notwendig sind, desto höher sind die Investitionskosten und auch etwaige Betriebs- und Wartungskosten. Storage of hydrogen consuming devices must be kept for the conditioning of the hydrogen, since this must be either cooled or heated. Components of a hydrogen filling station are therefore usually additionally at least one pump, in particular a cryopump in liquid storage, a plurality of heat exchange devices, a plurality of pressure control valves, in particular cryogenic high-pressure throttle valves and temperature, pressure and flow control. Another component of a hydrogen refueling station is a gas pump, to which the fuel nozzle and the corresponding filling hose are accessible to the customer. As a rule, the dispenser has additional electronic devices, in particular for controlling the dispensing and billing of the discharged hydrogen. The more components that are required for a hydrogen filling station, the higher the investment costs and also any operating and maintenance costs.
Der Erfindung liegt daher die Aufgabe zugrunde ein Verfahren zur Konditionierung von Wasserstoff anzugeben bei dem die Fülltemperatur des Wasserstoff an der Zapfsäule, bei Einhaltung einer definierten Druckänderungsrampe, bei einem vorher definierten Temperaturniveau gehalten werden kann ohne der Verwendung von aufwendiger Anlagentechnik. The invention is therefore based on the object of specifying a method for the conditioning of hydrogen in which the filling temperature of the hydrogen at the pump, while maintaining a defined pressure change ramp, can be maintained at a pre-defined temperature level without the use of complex equipment.
Diese Aufgabe wird verfahrensseitig dadurch gelöst, dass ein kalter Wasserstoffstrom und ein warmer Wasserstoffstrom so gemischt werden, damit die Temperatur an der Misch stelle zwischen -30 und -45 °C liegt. Insbesondere liegt die Temperatur an der Mischstelle zwischen -33 und -40 °C. This object is achieved by the method in that a cold hydrogen stream and a warm hydrogen stream are mixed so that the temperature at the mixing point is between -30 and -45 ° C. In particular, the temperature at the mixing point is between -33 and -40 ° C.
Dies wird insbesondere dadurch erreicht, dass ein erster Teilstrom, ein kalter This is achieved in particular in that a first partial flow, a cold
Wasserstoff ström, direkt nach der Kryopumpe über eine Gasleitung zur Mischstelle geführt wird. An der Mischstelle misst bevorzugt ein Temperatursensor die Temperatur des gemischten Gasstroms, welcher von der Mischstelle über eine weitere Gasleitung zur Zapfsäule geführt wird und von dort an einen Empfängertank, insbesondere den Kraftstofftank eines Fahrzeuges oder eine Gasflasche, abgegeben wird. Hydrogen Ström, is led directly after the cryopump via a gas line to the mixing point. At the mixing point, a temperature sensor preferably measures the temperature of the mixed gas stream, which is conducted from the mixing point via a further gas line to the gas pump and from there to a receiver tank, in particular the fuel tank of a vehicle or a gas cylinder.
Der kalte Gasstrom weist vorteilhafterweise eine Temperatur zwischen -243 und - 203°C oder zwischen -203 und -80 °C auf. The cold gas stream advantageously has a temperature between -243 and -203 ° C or between -203 and -80 ° C.
Weiterhin wird nach der Kryopumpe an einem Verteiler ein zweiter Teilstrom abgezweigt. Dieser Teilstrom wird über einen Wärmetauscher erwärmt und über eine Gasleitung ebenfalls der Mischstelle zugeführt. Der zweite Teilstrom, wird nach dem Wärmetauscher als warmer Wasserstoffstrom bezeichnet. Vorteilhafterweise wird der Wasserstoff in dem Wärmetauscher angewärmt. Der Wärmetaucher kann in einer besonderen Ausführungsform mehrere Stufen aufweisen. Der warme Teilstrom weist vorteilhafterweise Furthermore, a second partial flow is branched off after the cryopump at a distributor. This partial stream is heated by a heat exchanger and also fed via a gas line to the mixing point. The second partial stream, is called after the heat exchanger as a warm hydrogen stream. Advantageously, the hydrogen is warmed in the heat exchanger. The heat exchanger may have several stages in a particular embodiment. The warm partial flow advantageously has
Umgebungstemperatur, insbesondere -20 bis +40 °C auf. Die Umgebungstemperatur ist abhängig von den äußeren klimatischen Bedingungen der Region an der die Tankstelle aufgestellt ist. Ambient temperature, in particular -20 to +40 ° C on. The ambient temperature depends on the external climatic conditions of the region where the gas station is located.
Vorteilhafterweise ist der Anteil des warmen Teilstroms an der Mischstelle größer als der Anteil des kalten Teilstroms. Advantageously, the proportion of the warm partial flow at the mixing point is greater than the proportion of the cold partial flow.
Die Wasserstoffströme weisen nach der Kryopumpe bevorzugt einen Druck von 20 bis 1500 bar, bevorzugt zwischen 350 und 1000 bar und insbesondere zwischen 700 und 900 bar auf. The hydrogen streams after the cryopump preferably have a pressure of 20 to 1500 bar, preferably between 350 and 1000 bar and in particular between 700 and 900 bar.
Vorteilhafterweise wird der Druck der Wasserstoffströme, insbesondere des warmen Wasserstoffstroms, durch einen Druckregler vorgegeben, welcher nach dem Advantageously, the pressure of the hydrogen streams, in particular the warm hydrogen stream, predetermined by a pressure regulator, which after the
Gasspeicher platziert ist. Gas storage is placed.
Nach dem Wärmetauscher kann der warme Wasserstoffstrom wahlweise oder teilweise zur Mischstelle geleitet werden oder über eine weiter Gasleitung in einen Hochdruckspeicher, dem Gasspeicher, eingespeichert werden. Nach dem Gasspeicher ist ein Druckregler angeordnet. Der Druckregler steht wiederum mit der Gasleitung in Verbindung welche kalten Wasserstoffstrom in den Wärmetauscher leitet.  After the heat exchanger, the warm hydrogen stream can be selectively or partially routed to the mixing point or be stored via a further gas line in a high-pressure accumulator, the gas storage. After the gas storage, a pressure regulator is arranged. The pressure regulator is in turn connected to the gas line which directs cold hydrogen flow into the heat exchanger.
So kann der warme Gasstrom nach dem Wärmetauscher bevorzugt direkt zur Mischstelle geleitet werden. Wird an der Mischstelle gerade kein warmer Thus, the hot gas stream can be passed to the heat exchanger preferably directly to the mixing point. Is not warm at the mixing point
Wasserstoffstrom oder nur ein Teil des warmen Wasserstoffstroms benötigt, kann der andere Teil in den Gasspeicher eingelagert werden. Wird nun wieder ein warmer Wasserstoffstrom benötigt, wird dieser über den Druckregler aus dem Gasspeicher ausgespeichert, zur Temperierung in den Wärmetauscher geleitet und anschließend der Mischstelle zugeführt. Hydrogen stream or only a portion of the warm hydrogen flow required, the other part can be stored in the gas storage. If a warm stream of hydrogen is required again, this is expelled from the gas storage via the pressure regulator, passed to the heat exchanger for temperature control and then fed to the mixing point.
Vorteilhafterweise wird der Wasserstoff in dem Gasspeicher bei einem Druck von 500 bis 2000 bar, insbesondere bei 800 bis 1000 bar gespeichert. Wenn in einem Advantageously, the hydrogen is stored in the gas reservoir at a pressure of 500 to 2000 bar, in particular at 800 to 1000 bar. If in one
Ausführungsbeispiel der Druck im Gasspeicher höher ist, als in der Gasleitung wird der ausgespeicherte Wasserstoff über den Druckregler entspannt. Dadurch wird der Gasstrom abkühlt, so dass er durch den Wärmetauscher wieder temperiert wird. Bei dem Gasspeicher handelt es sich bevorzugt um einen Hochdruckgasspeicher, welcher in mehrere Sektionen unterteilt ist. Die einzelnen Sektionen können vorteilhafterweise unabhängig voneinander genutzt werden. In einer besonderen Ausführungsvariante ist es zudem möglich, dass die Speicherdrücke der einzelnen Sektionen unterschiedlich sind. Embodiment, the pressure in the gas storage is higher than in the gas line, the stored hydrogen is released via the pressure regulator. As a result, the gas stream is cooled, so that it is tempered again by the heat exchanger. The gas storage is preferably a high-pressure gas storage, which is divided into several sections. The individual sections can advantageously be used independently of each other. In a particular embodiment, it is also possible that the storage pressures of the individual sections are different.
Bei der Kryopumpe der Wasserstofftankstelle handelt es sich bevorzugt um eine Kolbenpumpe. Vorteilhafterweise wird die Menge an Wasserstoff, welche durch die Kryopumpe gefördert wird, durch die Frequenz des Hubkolbens geregelt. Insbesondere kann durch die Kryopumpe genau die Menge an kaltem Wasserstoffstrom gefördert werden, die an der Mischstelle zur Einstellung der Temperatur notwendig ist. The cryopump of the hydrogen filling station is preferably a piston pump. Advantageously, the amount of hydrogen which is conveyed through the cryopump, regulated by the frequency of the reciprocating piston. In particular, can be promoted by the cryopump exactly the amount of cold hydrogen flow, which is necessary at the mixing point for adjusting the temperature.
In einem bevorzugten Ausführungsbeispiel soll die Austrittstemperatur des Gasstromes an der Mischstelle zwischen -33 und-40 °C betragen und der Gasstrom einen Druck von 350 bis 900 bar aufweisen. Dieser Gasstrom wird dann über die Zapfsäule, in welcher vorteilhafterweise Druck-, Temperatur- und Durchflusssensoren oder Regler angebracht sind, an ein Fahrzeug abgegeben. In a preferred embodiment, the outlet temperature of the gas stream at the mixing point should be between -33 and -40.degree. C. and the gas stream should have a pressure of 350 to 900 bar. This gas stream is then delivered to a vehicle via the pump, in which advantageously pressure, temperature and flow sensors or regulators are mounted.
Dadurch dass an der Mischstelle ein warmer Gasstrom und ein kalter Gasstrom gemischt werden kann die Temperatur optimal eingestellt werden. Dadurch, dass vorteilhafterweise nur ein Teilstrom erwärmt wird, ist nur ein Wärmetauscher notwendig, welcher zudem kleiner dimensioniert werden kann. Dies spart Investitionsund Betriebskosten. The fact that a warm gas stream and a cold gas stream are mixed at the mixing point, the temperature can be optimally adjusted. The fact that advantageously only a partial flow is heated, only one heat exchanger is necessary, which can also be dimensioned smaller. This saves investment and operating costs.
Sollte in einem besonderen Ausführungsfalle in Wärmetauscher für den kalten Gasstrom notwendig sein, kann dieser ebenfalls kleiner dimensioniert werden. Zudem können die Wärmetauscher unabhängig voneinander betrieben werden und so an den Betrieb bzw. die Auslastung der Tankstelle angepasst werden.  Should be necessary in a particular case of execution in heat exchanger for the cold gas stream, this can also be made smaller. In addition, the heat exchangers can be operated independently of each other and thus adapted to the operation or the utilization of the gas station.
Durch den Druckregler kann gewährleistet werden, dass der warme Gasstrom auf dem gleichen Druckniveau wie der kalte Gasstrom, welcher direkt durch die Kryopumpe verdichtet wird, ähnlich oder gleich ist und die beiden Gasströme an der Mischstelle im richtigen Verhältnis gemischt werden können um das gewünschte Temperaturniveau zu erreichen. Dazu steht der Temperatursensor vorteilhafterweise mit dem Antrieb der Kryopumpe in Verbindung. An der Mischstelle und in der Gasleitung zwischen der Verteilstelle nach der Kryopumpe und der Kryopumpe sind vorteilhafterweise keine zusätzlichen Ventile und Regler zur Einstellung der Temperatur mehr notwendig. Der Wasserstoff wird vorteilhafterweise in flüssiger Form in einem Speichertank der Tankstelle eingelagert. Der Speichertank steht zudem bevorzugt unmittelbar mit der Kryopumpe in Verbindung. Im Folgenden soll die Erfindung anhand eines in der Figur 1 schematisch dargestellten Ausführungsbeispiels näher erläutert werden. By the pressure regulator can be ensured that the warm gas stream at the same pressure level as the cold gas stream, which is compressed directly by the cryopump, is similar or equal and the two gas streams can be mixed at the mixing point in the correct ratio to the desired temperature level to reach. For this purpose, the temperature sensor is advantageously in communication with the drive of the cryopump. At the mixing point and in the gas line between the distribution point after the cryopump and the cryopump advantageously no additional valves and controllers for adjusting the temperature are more necessary. The hydrogen is advantageously stored in liquid form in a storage tank of the gas station. The storage tank is also preferably in direct communication with the cryopump. In the following, the invention will be explained in more detail with reference to an exemplary embodiment shown schematically in FIG.
Die Figur 1 zeigt eine bevorzugte Ausgestaltung des erfindungsgemäßen Verfahrens. Wasserstoff ist in flüssiger Form in einem Flüssigspeicher 1 gespeichert. Über eine Kryopumpe 2 wird der flüssige Wasserstoff aus dem Flüssigspeicher 1 entnommen und je nach Bedarf nur gefördert oder auch verdichtet. In einer Verteilung 3 wird der Gasstrom aus der Kryopumpe 2 auf eine Gasleitung 4 und/oder eine Gasleitung 5 aufgeteilt. Durch die Gasleitung 4 wird der Gasstrom aus der Kryopumpe 2 direkt zur Mischstelle 7 geleitet. Der Gasstrom, welcher aus der Kryopumpe 2 austritt hat eine Temperatur zwischen -223 und -210 °C und liegt bei einem Druck von 900 bar vor. Die Gasleitung 5 führt über einen Wärmetauscher 6 und eine Gasleitung 8 zur Mischstelle 7. Aus der Gasleitung 5 zweigt nach dem Wärmetauscher aus der Gasleitung 8 die Gasleitung 9 ab. Die Gasleitung 9 führt über ein Absperrventil 10 zu dem Gasspeicher 1 1 . Der Gasspeicher 1 1 ist ein Hochdruckspeicher, welche in mehrere Speicherbehälter, die von einander abgetrennt werden können, aufgeteilt ist. In dem Gasspeicher 1 1 wird das über den Wärmetauscher 6 erwärmte Wasserstoffgas bei einem Druck von 500 bis 1000 bar und einer Temperatur von -20 bis 40 °C gespeichert. Über einen Druckregler 12 kann das Gas wieder in die Gasleitung 5 geführt werden und über den Wärmetauscher 6 und der Gasleitung 8 ebenfalls zur Mischstelle 7 geführt werden. An der Mischstelle 7 wird über einen Temperatursensor T die Temperatur gemessen. Der Temperatursensor T steht über eine FIG. 1 shows a preferred embodiment of the method according to the invention. Hydrogen is stored in liquid form in a liquid reservoir 1. About a cryopump 2, the liquid hydrogen is removed from the liquid reservoir 1 and only promoted or compressed as needed. In a distribution 3, the gas stream from the cryopump 2 is split into a gas line 4 and / or a gas line 5. Through the gas line 4, the gas stream from the cryopump 2 is passed directly to the mixing point 7. The gas stream exiting from the cryopump 2 has a temperature between -223 and -210 ° C and is at a pressure of 900 bar. The gas line 5 leads via a heat exchanger 6 and a gas line 8 to the mixing point 7. From the gas line 5 branches off after the heat exchanger from the gas line 8, the gas line 9 from. The gas line 9 leads via a shut-off valve 10 to the gas storage 1 1. The gas storage 1 1 is a high-pressure accumulator, which is divided into a plurality of storage containers that can be separated from each other. In the gas reservoir 1 1, the heated via the heat exchanger 6 hydrogen gas at a pressure of 500 to 1000 bar and a temperature of -20 to 40 ° C is stored. Via a pressure regulator 12, the gas can be fed back into the gas line 5 and are also guided via the heat exchanger 6 and the gas line 8 to the mixing point 7. At the mixing point 7, the temperature is measured via a temperature sensor T. The temperature sensor T is above a
Datenverbindung mit der Antriebseinheit M der Kryopumpe 2 in Verbindung. Die an der Mischstelle 7 gemessene Temperatur gibt die Temperatur vor, mit welcher der Wasserstoff in den Speicherbehälter des Fahrzeuges abgetankt wird. Diese Data connection with the drive unit M of the cryopump 2 in conjunction. The temperature measured at the mixing point 7 determines the temperature at which the hydrogen is poured into the storage container of the vehicle. These
Temperatur muss zwischen -33 und -40 °C liegen. Um diese Temperatur einzustellen wird in der Mischstelle ein kalter Strom direkt aus der Kryopumpe und über Gasleitung 4 mit dem wärmeren Strom aus Gasleitung 8 gemischt. Von der Mischstelle 7 führt eine Gasleitung 13 in die Zapfsäule 14 und den Füllschlau 15 über welchen der Speichertank eines Fahrzeugs mit Wasserstoff befüllt wird. Liste der Bezuqszeichen:Temperature must be between -33 and -40 ° C. In order to set this temperature, a cold stream is mixed directly from the cryopump and via gas line 4 with the warmer stream from gas line 8 in the mixing point. From the mixing point 7, a gas line 13 leads into the gas pump 14 and the Füllschlau 15 via which the storage tank of a vehicle is filled with hydrogen. List of labels:
1 Flüssigkeitsspeich'1 fluid storage '
2 Kryopumpe2 cryopump
3 Verteilung3 distribution
4 Gasleitung4 gas line
5 Gasleitung5 gas line
6 Wärmetauscher6 heat exchangers
7 Mischstelle7 mixing point
8 Gasleitung8 gas line
9 Gasleitung9 gas line
10 Absperrventil10 shut-off valve
1 1 Gasspeicher1 1 gas storage
12 Druckregler12 pressure regulator
13 Gasleitung13 gas line
14 Zapfsäule14 petrol pump
15 Füllschlauch 15 filling hose

Claims

Patentansprüche claims
Verfahren zum Einstellen einer Wasserstoffaustrittstemperatur an einer Befüllstation, welche unter anderem einen Flüssigkeitsspeicher (1 ), eine Kryopumpe (2), einen Wärmetauscher (6), einen Gasspeicher (11 ) und eine Mischstelle (7) umfasst, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass ein kalter Method for setting a hydrogen outlet temperature at a filling station, which comprises inter alia a liquid store (1), a cryopump (2), a heat exchanger (6), a gas store (11) and a mixing point (7), characterized in that a cold store
Wasserstoffstrom und ein warmer Wasserstoffstrom so gemischt werden, damit die Temperatur an der Mischstelle (7) zwischen -30 und -45 °C liegt.  Hydrogen stream and a warm hydrogen stream are mixed so that the temperature at the mixing point (7) is between -30 and -45 ° C.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 , dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Temperatur an der Mischstelle (7) zwischen -33 und -40 °C liegt. A method according to claim 1, characterized in that the temperature at the mixing point (7) is between -33 and -40 ° C.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der kalte Gasstrom eine Temperatur zwischen -243 und -203°C oder zwischen -203 und -80 °C aufweist. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the cold gas stream has a temperature between -243 and -203 ° C or between -203 and -80 ° C.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 1 oder 2, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der warme Gasstrom Umgebungstemperatur, insbesondere -20 bis +40 °C aufweist. A method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the warm gas stream ambient temperature, in particular -20 to +40 ° C.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Wasserstoffströme nach der Kryopumpe (2) einen Druck von 20 bis 1500 bar, bevorzugt zwischen 350 und 1000 bar und insbesondere zwischen 700 und 900 bar aufweisen. Method according to one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that the hydrogen streams after the cryopump (2) have a pressure of 20 to 1500 bar, preferably between 350 and 1000 bar and in particular between 700 and 900 bar.
Verfahren nach Anspruch 5, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Druck der Wasserstoffströme, insbesondere des warmen Wasserstoffstroms, durch einen Druckregler (12) vorgegeben wird, welcher nach dem Gasspeicher (11 ) platziert ist. A method according to claim 5, characterized in that the pressure of the hydrogen streams, in particular the warm hydrogen stream, by a pressure regulator (12) is predetermined, which is placed after the gas storage (11).
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass Wasserstoff in dem Gasspeicher (11 ) bei einem Druck von 500 bis 2000 bar, insbesondere bei 800 bis 1000 bar gespeichert wird. Method according to one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that hydrogen is stored in the gas reservoir (11) at a pressure of 500 to 2000 bar, in particular at 800 to 1000 bar.
Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Menge an Wasserstoff, welche durch die Kryopumpe (2) gefördert wird, durch die Frequenz des Hubkolbens geregelt wird. Method according to one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that the amount of hydrogen, which is conveyed through the cryopump (2) is controlled by the frequency of the reciprocating piston.
9. Verfahren nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass der Wasserstoff in einem Wärmetauscher angewärmt wird. 9. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that the hydrogen is heated in a heat exchanger.
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