EP3446243A1 - Verfahren, assistenzsystem und 3d-drucker zum rechnergestützten entwurf von objekten zur additiven fertigung - Google Patents
Verfahren, assistenzsystem und 3d-drucker zum rechnergestützten entwurf von objekten zur additiven fertigungInfo
- Publication number
- EP3446243A1 EP3446243A1 EP17727172.3A EP17727172A EP3446243A1 EP 3446243 A1 EP3446243 A1 EP 3446243A1 EP 17727172 A EP17727172 A EP 17727172A EP 3446243 A1 EP3446243 A1 EP 3446243A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- volume element
- optimization
- target
- material distribution
- modified
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G05—CONTROLLING; REGULATING
- G05B—CONTROL OR REGULATING SYSTEMS IN GENERAL; FUNCTIONAL ELEMENTS OF SUCH SYSTEMS; MONITORING OR TESTING ARRANGEMENTS FOR SUCH SYSTEMS OR ELEMENTS
- G05B19/00—Programme-control systems
- G05B19/02—Programme-control systems electric
- G05B19/18—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form
- G05B19/4097—Numerical control [NC], i.e. automatically operating machines, in particular machine tools, e.g. in a manufacturing environment, so as to execute positioning, movement or co-ordinated operations by means of programme data in numerical form characterised by using design data to control NC machines, e.g. CAD/CAM
- G05B19/4099—Surface or curve machining, making 3D objects, e.g. desktop manufacturing
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- G06F30/17—Mechanical parametric or variational design
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
- B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B29—WORKING OF PLASTICS; WORKING OF SUBSTANCES IN A PLASTIC STATE IN GENERAL
- B29C—SHAPING OR JOINING OF PLASTICS; SHAPING OF MATERIAL IN A PLASTIC STATE, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; AFTER-TREATMENT OF THE SHAPED PRODUCTS, e.g. REPAIRING
- B29C64/00—Additive manufacturing, i.e. manufacturing of three-dimensional [3D] objects by additive deposition, additive agglomeration or additive layering, e.g. by 3D printing, stereolithography or selective laser sintering
- B29C64/30—Auxiliary operations or equipment
- B29C64/386—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
- B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
- B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G—PHYSICS
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- G06F2119/00—Details relating to the type or aim of the analysis or the optimisation
- G06F2119/18—Manufacturability analysis or optimisation for manufacturability
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P80/00—Climate change mitigation technologies for sector-wide applications
- Y02P80/40—Minimising material used in manufacturing processes
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Definitions
- additive manufacturing is becoming increasingly important. It makes it possible to produce products with almost arbitrarily complex outlines and topologies with relatively little effort. Compared with traditional manufacturing processes, only a few design constraints have to be met in additive manufacturing. As an essential constraint in additive Ferti ⁇ supply should be noted however that stronger overhanging surfaces and edges when printing usually required a support structure loading, otherwise they will the to the layered structure initially with no connection or too weak connection with other parts standing object. Support structures of this kind are to be structurally mounted before being printed on overhanging surfaces of the object and removed again after the printout, which often requires considerable additional effort.
- the draft ⁇ data can here in particular required properties of the object and / or specifications for the object state, such as size, shape rules, resilience, acting on the object forces, local / global conditions and / or optimizing parameters such as particular Spannun ⁇ gen or deformations.
- an optimization goal can be provided in particular, cumulative deformations / voltages under
- volumetric model of the object comprising a plurality of volume elements is initialized.
- the volumetric specific model can in this case be represented by a data structure in which for each volume element one or several ⁇ re material values, such as in particular a material density are ge ⁇ stores.
- ⁇ re material values such as in particular a material density are ge ⁇ stores.
- the target property can in particular specify a local influence of the material distribution on the optimization target and can be determined in particular by means of a simulation of the physical properties of the object.
- volume element it is checked for a respective volume element whether this volume element is supported in terms of additive manufacturing.
- this volume element is modified such that the target property Annae ⁇ Hert support in the optimization goal and / or ent ⁇ removed when not support from the optimization goal.
- a volume element can be regarded as being supported, in particular, when it is interrupted by an underlying element. material-containing volume element or mechanically supported by an outer support element.
- the material distribution is modified such that the modified material distribution approximates to the optimization target based on the modifi ed ⁇ target properties.
- the modified Materialver ⁇ distribution is then output to the additive fabrication of the object.
- An assistance system according to the invention is set up to carry out the above method.
- a 3D printer according to the invention is set up to carry out the above method and to print out the designed object.
- An essential advantage of the invention is the fact that excessively overhanging surfaces and edges can be effectively "optimized away" by the optimization process, ie an explicit attachment of support structures - and thus also their removal - as well as an assessment of whether and where structures are to be attached, can usually be omitted so. It proves the rule that the local modification of the target properties as part of the optimization process means that globally almost all material affected Volumenele ⁇ ments are adequately supported. Furthermore felmasse a use or a total of the object not through
- the method steps of the determination of the local target property, the examination can, whether a respective Volu ⁇ menelement is supported, said depending on the objective intrinsic ⁇ stem is modified, and the modification of the material ⁇ distribution are repeated until a predetermined optimization ⁇ approximately criterion is met .
- optimization criterion for example, a convergence of a used optimization method ⁇ , adequate stability and / or a rea ⁇ chender material consumption to be designed object or achieving other optimization targets can be used.
- the volume-element-specific determination of the target self sheep ⁇ th can be effected by means of a finite element method.
- a finite element method A variety of standardized, stable, and efficient methods and procedures are available for performing a finite element method.
- the optimization goal may be represented by a target ⁇ function by which a distance of a JE piping material distribution from the optimization goal and / or a physical quantity to be optimized this Materialvertei ⁇ lung is calculated.
- the objective function can be implemented with particularly ⁇ means of a program routine and / or a data structure.
- the optimization objective can be easily specified and integrated into an optimization process.
- it can be determined as a target property for a respective Volu ⁇ menelement as the objective function when changing a material density in said volume element än ⁇ changed themselves.
- the target property is a local graphite
- the objective function in the respective volume element vorgese ⁇ hen be, that is, a numerical derivative, in particular a differential quotient, the objective function according to the material density of the considered voxel.
- the invention can be checked in the test of the support of a respective volume element, if a cone of this volume element downwardly directed cone with a predetermined opening angle to another material-based volume element or on a Aufla ⁇ ge element meets.
- a further advantageous embodiment of the invention can be checked in the support test for the respective volume element, whether this volume element in terms of additive manufacturing supports another volume element.
- this volume element in terms of additive manufacturing supports another volume element.
- the destination attribute of each volume can be menelements modified such that the Zielei ⁇ genschaft approaches for supporting the optimization goal and / or no support from the optimization goal.
- Figure 1 is an overhanging side surface of a printed
- Figure 2 shows an assistance system with a 3D printer for designing and additive manufacturing of objects
- Figure 3A is a cutaway view of an optimized according to the prior art model for an object to be printed and
- 3B shows a cutaway view of an inventively optimized model for the object.
- Figure 1 illustrates an overhanging side surface SF ei ⁇ nes additive to be produced, for example, by a 3D printer to be printed object OBJ.
- an angle of the object surface SF to the vertical is referred to as overhang angle.
- an overhang angle As mentioned above, in the event that the overhang ⁇ angle is too large, in addition to install before printing support structures and can be detached after printing. While an overhang angle of less than 45 ° is often acceptable, an overhang angle greater than 45 ° may require the attachment of additional support structures.
- FIG. 2 shows an assistance system AS for designing an object OBJ to be produced in an additive manner and a 3D printer 3D for printing out the designed object OBJ.
- the assistance system AS has one or more processors PROC configured to execute all the method steps of the As ⁇ sistenzsystems AS and / or executing program instructions to carry out these method steps.
- the assistance system AS has one or more memories MEM coupled to the processors PROC for storing data to be processed by the assistance system AS.
- the assistance system AS furthermore has a terminal T with an input terminal IN and with an output terminal OUT.
- the input terminal IN is used to enter and / or Spe ⁇ zifizieren design data ED, an optimization criterion CR and an objective function CF.
- the output terminal OUT is for outputting a volumetric model VM with a material distribution of the designed object OBJ.
- the design data ED to be read in or to be specified can be implemented by data structures by which required properties of the object OBJ and / or specifications for the object OBJ are specified.
- This information may relate, for example, to dimensions, shape specifications, shapes of object parts, forces acting on the object or parts thereof, load capacity of the object, local and / or global boundary conditions, static and / or dynamic properties of the object and / or design parameters to be optimized ,
- a global constraint such as a maximum materialbehaf ⁇ tetes volume or a maximum weight of the object can be specified.
- design parameters to be optimized it is possible to specify, for example, deformations and / or stresses of the object to be minimized under load.
- the objective function CF represents a physical optimization goal.
- an ab ⁇ stand a respective material distribution from the optimization target based on a specified distance measure and / or to be optimized physical size of the material distribution is preferably be ⁇ expects.
- the objective function CF can for example be implemented as a program routine that is entered and / or selected by a entranc ⁇ be and / or specified.
- the target function CF can be implemented by means of a data structure which specifies the target function CF and / or para- metrisiert. Such an objective function is often referred to as a cost function in the context of optimization methods.
- the object OBJ to be designed has the least possible cumulative deformations and / or voltages below a breaking point under load.
- the physical optimization target may be directed to a minimum weight and / or volume of the object OBJ, good air circulation and / or cooling, or a weighted combination of the above optimization criteria.
- a value of the objective function CF ie a respective distance of a current material distribution of the object OBJ to the physical optimization target, is calculated by simulation of the physical properties of the object OBJ, eg by means of a finite element method on the basis of a volumetric model of the object OBJ.
- squared deformations and / or stresses of the object OBJ of all the volume elements of the volumet ⁇ generic model can be numerically integrated.
- the optimization criterion CR indicates an achievement of optimization targets and can be implemented by one or more data structures ⁇ .
- a threshold value for the objective function CF specified differently are that determines when a distance to the physical optimization goal with regard to the design specifications is rea ⁇ accordingly small and / or when a to be optimized physi ⁇ specific size of the relevant material distribution sufficiently is optimized.
- the optimization criterion CR may in particular relate to a convergence of an optimization method, provides a reasonable ⁇ sponding stability of the object OBJ, a sufficient Mate ⁇ rialfact a safe below a breaking point or falls below a predetermined object volume.
- the design data ED are übermit ⁇ telt from the input terminal IN to a initialization INIT of the assistance system AS.
- the volumetric model VM in the present execution ⁇ for example a three-dimensional model of the object OBJ with a plurality of, for example, in a three-dimensional grid or in a three-dimensional triangulation arranged voxels VE.
- the volumetric model VM is represented vorzugswei ⁇ se by a spatially resolved record in which for each point and / or each volume element of the three-dimensional grid or the three-dimensional triangulation, for example a density value, or other material values are stored.
- Preferably continuous or quasi-continuous ⁇ density values are allowed in this case, so that the resultie ⁇ yield optimization problem is continuous and / or differentiable.
- the optimization problem can then advantageously be set such that discrete values of the density, eg 0 and 1, are so favored in the optimization that, after optimization, essentially only these discrete density values occur.
- the object OBJ can be printed directly by conventional 3D printers, which often only have the option of attaching material to a respective volume element of the object OBJ or no material - rial to install.
- volume elements VE on a three-dimensional grid or a three-dimensional triangulation are often referred to as voxels.
- the number of volume elements VE can typically be 10 5 , 10 6 or more.
- the material distribution D is indicated by a spatially resolved material density in the volumetric model VM, ie for each volume element VE a volume-element-specific value for the material density is stored in the volumetric model VM.
- the volumetric model VM can be generated by the initialization ⁇ module INIT configured and initialized so that the material distribution D initially represented, for example, a solid box, cylinder or cone, which means that the material ⁇ density in all volume elements within the cuboid, Zy ⁇ Linders or In the course of the design optimization material-related volume elements can be reduced, provided the stability is not detrimental, and thus a volume and / or weight reduction can be achieved.
- the material distribution D initially represented, for example, a solid box, cylinder or cone which means that the material ⁇ density in all volume elements within the cuboid, Zy ⁇ Linders or In the course of the design optimization material-related volume elements can be reduced, provided the stability is not detrimental, and thus a volume and / or weight reduction can be achieved.
- An example of a volumetric model initially initialized as a solid cone and then optimized with regard to the material-related volume is shown schematically in FIGS. 3A and 3B.
- the volumetric model VM with the material distribution D is transmitted from the initialization module INIT to a simulation module SIM and transmitted by the latter via a filter module F to an optimization module OPT.
- the volumetric model VM can be stored by the material distribution D in the memory MEM with access by the initialization INIT, the simulation module SIM, which Fil ⁇ termodul F and by the optimization module OPT.
- the simulation module SIM is used to simulate physi ⁇ rule properties of the volumetric model VM.
- the simulation module SIM receives the objective function CF from the input terminal IN.
- the simulation module SIM reads the volumetric model VM from the initialization module INIT, from the memory MEM or, as will be explained below, from the optimization module OPT.
- the simulation module SIM For the simulation of both static and dynamic physical properties of the Volumetric model VM is preferably a so-called finite element method used. A variety of stable and efficient methods and procedures are available for performing such finite element methods.
- the simulation module SIM determines a specific value of the target function CF for the currently read volumetric model VM with the Materialvertei ⁇ ment D and preferably for each volume element VE a volume element specific to the physical optimization target related local target property GRD.
- the local Zielei ⁇ genschaft GRD indicates a local influence of Materialvertei ⁇ lung D to the physical optimization goal.
- Vorzugswei ⁇ se is the local target property GRD at a volume element VE, as the objective function when changing the CF Materi- al participat in this volume element VE changes. This may, for example, relate to a change in deformations, stresses, cooling properties or weighted combinations thereof in the case of a local change in the material density.
- the entirety of the local target properties GRD is determined by simulation of the physical properties using the volumetric model VM.
- a local gradient of the target radio CF ⁇ tion is as a local target property GRD used in the respective volume element VE, that is, a numerical derivative of the objective function after the CF local ma- terialêt in the observed volume element VE.
- the total integral of the local ⁇ target properties GRD may be implemented by a spatially resolved record by ist is ⁇ stores for each volume element VE and the respective local gradient.
- the local target properties GRD are transmitted from the simulation module SIM to the filter module F.
- the filter module F performs a support check SUPP based on the volumetric model VM and modifies the local target properties GRD to modified target properties GRDMOD.
- a considered volume element VE is here considered to be supported if it is mechanically supported by another material-like volume element or by an outer support element, eg a base surface or another bearing surface of the object OBJ such that it is in additive manufacturing, eg in 3D printing no separate support structures needed.
- VM is as defined above for each volume element VE of the volumetric model tested to ⁇ next whether the observed volume element VE is materi ⁇ albehaftet, for example is checked by whether the material like ⁇ te in the observed volume element VE above a specified differently surrounded threshold lies. If the considered Volu ⁇ menelement VE material proves to be affected, it is further checked if a directed from this material affected volume element VE down cone intersects with a predetermined opening angle to another material lossy volume element or to a support element. In this case, the other volume element is preferably sought in a layer of the vo ⁇ lumetric model VM, which is to be printed immediately before the layer of the considered volume element VE.
- the test of whether the other volume element is material-related can also be done by comparison with the aforementioned threshold value. If the cone hits another material ⁇ -prone volume element considered Volu ⁇ menelement can be construed as supported. If the betrach ⁇ preparing volume element VE is supported, the local Gradi ent ⁇ GRD is increased for this volume element, otherwise reduced so as to obtain a modified local gradient GRDMOD. Through this modification, the local objective property, when supported, approximates the optimization objective and moves away from the optimization objective if not supported. This means that supported structures are preferred over unsupported structures in the subsequent optimization step directed towards the optimization target.
- an observed material-prone volume element VE supports another material-affected Volumenele ⁇ ment in terms of additive manufacturing.
- it can be checked whether a cone directed upward from the considered volume element VE meets with a predetermined opening angle to another material-related volume element. If this is the case, the considered volume ⁇ element VE can be considered as a supporting volume element.
- the other volume element can preferably be searched in a layer of the volumetric model VM, which is to be printed immediately after the layer of the considered volume element VE. If the considered volume element VE proves supportive, local Gra ⁇ will serve GRD of the considered volume element VE increased to ⁇ Otherwise reduced.
- the same opening angles are specified for the upwardly directed cones and for the downwardly directed cones, eg an opening angle of ⁇ 60 ° or ⁇ 45 °.
- preference-based and / or supporting material affected voxels over Vietnamesege- assisted and / or supporting volume elements are GeWiS ⁇ water masses "optimized away" greater approach angle during the optimization process.
- the object OBJ can be designed automatically by the optimization process so that no additional Obwalden ect structures are to be attached prior to printing and removed after printing.
- the local gradients modified in the above manner are transmitted as modified target properties GRDMOD from the filter module F to the optimization module OPT.
- the filter module F acts as a filter for the local target own sheep ⁇ th GRD.
- the optimization module OPT leads in the present execution ⁇ example of an iterative optimization process to such as to minimize a value of the objective function CF or decreased to modify the Ma ⁇ terialver Krebs D.
- a large number of standard optimization methods are available, for example so-called steepest descent methods or simplex methods.
- the optimization process is iteratively performed until the optimization criterion ⁇ approximately CR is satisfied, for example, to the distance of a determined material distribution for optimization target is sufficiently low or other optimization values are reached.
- the optimization criterion CR is transmitted from the input terminal IN to the optimization module OPT.
- the optimization module OPT the material distribution D of the volumetric model VM is modified based on the modified target properties GRDMOD such that the modi fied ⁇ material distribution DMOD the optimization goal in the context of an optimization step, ie a step iteration ⁇ approaches.
- the optimization criterion CR is applied to the modified material distribution DMOD of the volumetric model VM in order to determine whether the modified material distribution DMOD corresponds to an optimization specification.
- the volumetric model VM is transmitted and then a further iteration ⁇ step and an execution of a loop for the volumet ⁇ generic model VM with the modified Mate rialver whatsoever DMOD from the optimization module OPT for Simulati ⁇ onsmodul SIM with the modified material distribution DMOD causes.
- a respective iteration of this loop is, as already described above, performed by the simu ⁇ lationsmodul SIM, the filter module F and by the optimization module ⁇ approximately OPT.
- the volumetric model VM with the modified material distribution DMOD is output via the output terminal OUT as the design of the object OBJ.
- the thus optimizing ⁇ te design usually almost no overhang angles that are larger than the opening angle of the cone used so that this design can be printed without attaching additional support structures.
- the inventive method needed to optimize the design significantly lower Re ⁇ chenressourcen as if a support requirement would demand as a direct constraint for each volume element in the optimization process.
- These resource optimization in many cases allows an interactive modification of de ⁇ throw data ED during the current optimization process. That is, the design data ED may be interactively changed depending on the optimized design and a new optimization cycle may be initiated to generate a new optimized design.
- the design for the object OBJ to be finally printed is transmitted in the form of the volumetric model VM with the optimized material distribution DMOD from the output terminal OUT to the 3D printer 3D.
- the latter then prints out the optimally designed object OBJ on the basis of the optimized material distribution DMOD. Since no additional support structures have to be attached to the optimized design, these do not have to be removed even with the printed object.
- Figure 3A is a cutaway view of a prior art optimized model for a printout conical object. As can be seen in FIG. 3A, this design has several points with a large overhang angle, of which a strut S1 is highlighted by a circle. The strut Sl and the other strongly overhanging points would have to be provided before 3D printing with appropriate support structures that would have to be removed after printing in an additional operation.
- Figure 3B shows a view of a ne Ashschnitte- invention optimized model of ke ⁇ gel object.
- strongly overhanging struts such as the strut Sl in Figure 3A, have been effectively "path optimized.”
- struts S2 having a small overhang angle permissible for SD expression are present in Figure 3B
- an allowable overhang angle is not substantially exceeded
- the model shown in Figure 3B is printable without additional support structures to be attached, and the printed object accordingly does not require any post-processing.
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Applications Claiming Priority (2)
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DE102016210643.0A DE102016210643A1 (de) | 2016-06-15 | 2016-06-15 | Verfahren, Assistenzsystem und 3D-Drucker zum rechnergestützten Entwurf von Objekten zur additiven Fertigung |
PCT/EP2017/062732 WO2017215898A1 (de) | 2016-06-15 | 2017-05-26 | Verfahren, assistenzsystem und 3d-drucker zum rechnergestützten entwurf von objekten zur additiven fertigung |
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EP3446243A1 true EP3446243A1 (de) | 2019-02-27 |
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Family Applications (1)
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EP17727172.3A Withdrawn EP3446243A1 (de) | 2016-06-15 | 2017-05-26 | Verfahren, assistenzsystem und 3d-drucker zum rechnergestützten entwurf von objekten zur additiven fertigung |
Country Status (5)
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US (1) | US20190137974A1 (de) |
EP (1) | EP3446243A1 (de) |
CN (1) | CN109313672A (de) |
DE (1) | DE102016210643A1 (de) |
WO (1) | WO2017215898A1 (de) |
Families Citing this family (5)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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DE102018104887A1 (de) | 2018-03-05 | 2019-09-05 | Schaeffler Technologies AG & Co. KG | Drehstabfeder und Verfahren zur Herstellung einer Drehstabfeder für einen Wankstabilisator |
US11396069B2 (en) * | 2019-11-21 | 2022-07-26 | Hamilton Sundstrand Corporation | Integrated horn structures for heat exchanger headers |
CN115867430A (zh) * | 2020-08-19 | 2023-03-28 | 西门子股份公司 | 增材制造中的打印工艺制定方法及装置 |
CN112578082B (zh) * | 2020-12-08 | 2022-02-11 | 武汉大学 | 基于多各项同性材料各向异性同一化的处理方法 |
CN113656899B (zh) * | 2021-07-02 | 2023-06-23 | 西南交通大学 | 一种基于车轨耦合理论的轨道扣件参数优化方法 |
Family Cites Families (6)
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US20080300831A1 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2008-12-04 | Board Of Governors For Higher Education, State Of Rhode Island And Providence | System and method for finite element based on topology optimization |
US8565909B2 (en) * | 2010-02-24 | 2013-10-22 | Disney Enterprises, Inc. | Fabrication of materials with desired characteristics from base materials having determined characteristics |
US20140277669A1 (en) * | 2013-03-15 | 2014-09-18 | Sikorsky Aircraft Corporation | Additive topology optimized manufacturing for multi-functional components |
DE102013207656A1 (de) * | 2013-04-26 | 2014-10-30 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Optimierung eines Fertigungsprozesses |
US10220569B2 (en) * | 2013-12-03 | 2019-03-05 | Autodesk, Inc. | Generating support material for three-dimensional printing |
US10061870B2 (en) * | 2014-03-18 | 2018-08-28 | Palo Alto Research Center Incorporated | Automated metrology and model correction for three dimensional (3D) printability |
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2016
- 2016-06-15 DE DE102016210643.0A patent/DE102016210643A1/de not_active Withdrawn
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2017
- 2017-05-26 CN CN201780037167.7A patent/CN109313672A/zh active Pending
- 2017-05-26 US US16/307,352 patent/US20190137974A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2017-05-26 WO PCT/EP2017/062732 patent/WO2017215898A1/de active Application Filing
- 2017-05-26 EP EP17727172.3A patent/EP3446243A1/de not_active Withdrawn
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
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CN109313672A (zh) | 2019-02-05 |
US20190137974A1 (en) | 2019-05-09 |
WO2017215898A1 (de) | 2017-12-21 |
DE102016210643A1 (de) | 2017-12-21 |
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