EP3442746B1 - Broche d'outil pour un dispositif de finition de surfaces optiquement actives sur des pièces - Google Patents

Broche d'outil pour un dispositif de finition de surfaces optiquement actives sur des pièces Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3442746B1
EP3442746B1 EP17723924.1A EP17723924A EP3442746B1 EP 3442746 B1 EP3442746 B1 EP 3442746B1 EP 17723924 A EP17723924 A EP 17723924A EP 3442746 B1 EP3442746 B1 EP 3442746B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
tool
spindle
axis
rotation
guide
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Application number
EP17723924.1A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3442746A1 (fr
Inventor
Steffen Wallendorf
Holger Schäfer
Michael LEITZ
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Satisloh AG
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Satisloh AG
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Publication of EP3442746A1 publication Critical patent/EP3442746A1/fr
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B41/00—Component parts such as frames, beds, carriages, headstocks
    • B24B41/04—Headstocks; Working-spindles; Features relating thereto
    • B24B41/047—Grinding heads for working on plane surfaces
    • B24B41/053—Grinding heads for working on plane surfaces for grinding or polishing glass
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24—GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24B—MACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B13/00—Machines or devices designed for grinding or polishing optical surfaces on lenses or surfaces of similar shape on other work; Accessories therefor

Definitions

  • the present invention relates generally to a tool spindle for a device for fine machining optically effective surfaces on workpieces.
  • the invention relates to a tool spindle for a device for fine machining the optically effective surfaces on spectacle lenses, as used in so-called "RX workshops", i.e. Production facilities for the manufacture of individual glasses according to a recipe are used on a large scale.
  • RX workshops i.e. Production facilities for the manufacture of individual glasses according to a recipe are used on a large scale.
  • this should not be understood as limiting in any way, rather it is also intended for use in fine optics (lens, mirror and casting mold production), where there is a strong trend towards more complex components, especially with aspherical surfaces and free-form surfaces.
  • the machining of the optically effective surfaces of spectacle lenses can be roughly divided into two processing phases, namely first the preprocessing of the optically effective surface to create the recipe-compliant macro geometry (or topography) and then the fine machining of the optically active surface to eliminate traces of preprocessing and to get the desired micro geometry.
  • the pre-processing of the optically effective surfaces of spectacle lenses takes place, depending on the material of the spectacle lenses, by grinding, milling and / or turning
  • the optically active surfaces of spectacle lenses are usually subjected to a fine grinding, lapping and / or polishing process for the purpose, for which purpose one uses an appropriate machine.
  • the term "polishing”, also in word combinations such as "polishing tool” or the like should also include fine grinding and lapping processes in the parlance of the present application, in the example thus fine grinding or lapping tools.
  • hand-fed polishing machines in RX workshops are usually designed as "twin machines", so that advantageously the two lenses of an "RX job" - a lens prescription always consists of a pair of lenses - can be finished simultaneously.
  • a "twin” polishing machine is, for example, from the publication WO 2012/123120 A1 known.
  • the polishing machine has a machine housing which delimits a working space into which two workpiece spindles protrude, via which two spectacle lenses to be polished can be driven in rotation by means of a rotary drive about workpiece axes of rotation C1, C2 which run essentially parallel to one another.
  • the polishing machine On the tool side, the polishing machine has a first linear drive unit, by means of which a first tool slide can be moved along a linear axis X, which runs essentially perpendicular to the workpiece axes of rotation C1, C2, a swivel drive unit, which is arranged on the first tool slide, and by means of which a swivel yoke rotates a swivel actuation axis B can be pivoted, which runs essentially perpendicular to the workpiece axes of rotation C1, C2 and essentially perpendicular to the linear axis X, one second linear drive unit, which is arranged on the swivel yoke and by means of which a second tool slide can be moved along a linear actuation axis Z, which runs essentially perpendicular to the swivel actuation axis B, and two tool spindles, each with a tool holding section, the tool holding sections project one of the workpiece spind
  • Each tool spindle has a spindle shaft on which the respective tool receiving section is formed and which is mounted in a spindle housing, driven in rotation about a tool axis of rotation A1, A2, which in turn is axially displaceably guided in a guide tube in the direction of the tool axis of rotation.
  • the guide tubes are attached to the swivel yoke, so that the tool axis of rotation A1 or A2 of each tool spindle forms a plane with the workpiece axis of rotation C1 or C2 of the associated workpiece spindle , in which the respective tool axis of rotation A1 or A2 is axially displaceable with respect to the workpiece axis of rotation C1 or C2 of the assigned workpiece spindle (linear axis X, linear actuating axis Z) and tiltable (pivoting actuating axis B).
  • the previously known polishing machine allows paired processing of spectacle lenses with a relatively compact structure, both with a so-called "tangential polishing kinematics", in which the (Z) polishing tools axially fed with the tool spindles at a preset but fixed swivel angle (B ) the tool spindles are moved oscillating across the glasses with relatively small strokes across (X), as well as with a polishing kinematics in which the supplied (Z) polishing tools simultaneously pivot (B) during their oscillating transverse movement (B) around the surface curvature to follow the spectacle lenses, whereby the spectacle lenses and polishing tools can be driven in the same or opposite directions at the same or different speeds about their axes of rotation (A1, A2, C1, C2) (at least in the case of the polishing tools, but not necessarily).
  • tangential polishing kinematics in which the (Z) polishing tools axially fed with the tool spindles at a preset but fixed swivel angle (B ) the tool spin
  • the spindle shaft of each tool spindle is also designed as a hollow shaft, via which the one for receiving a diaphragm chuck tool - as is known, for example, from the document EP 2 014 412 A1 is known - executed tool receiving section can be acted upon by a fluid, so that with respect to the axial adjustment possibility of the tool, a quasi division into two is provided, which of course also entails a certain additional outlay: on the one hand, the spindle housing - and thus the tool provided on the spindle shaft -According section - guided axially displaceable overall in the guide tube in the direction of the tool axis of rotation, so that a diaphragm chuck tool held in the tool receiving section - rather slowly - can be moved over relatively large axial paths and positioned with respect to the workpiece to be machined.
  • a polishing plate held on the membrane chuck tool can perform rapid or sensitive axial compensating movements in accordance with the respective machining requirements if, for example, workpieces with very large curvatures or major changes in curvature are machined over the circumference.
  • the axial movement of the polishing tool should be as smooth as possible.
  • This property is particularly important for the polishing of lenses with toric, atoric or varifocal surfaces with a high deviation from the rotational symmetry, so that the polishing tool is always full or flat and with finely adjustable polishing force (or contact pressure) lies against the lens. If the polishing tool lost the surface contact with the workpiece surface for a short time during its high-speed rotary movement, the coarser grains and agglomerates in the polishing agent could scratch the polished lens surface.
  • each tool spindle for the axial infeed of the respective polishing tool along the associated tool axis of rotation A has a piston-cylinder arrangement, with a piston accommodated in a cylinder housing, which is actuatingly effective in a very compact manner in a coaxial arrangement with a central spindle shaft is connected, which is rotatably mounted together with the piston-cylinder arrangement in a spindle housing about the respective tool axis of rotation A, A 'and carries a tool receiving head for the polishing tool at the end.
  • a piston-shaft arrangement on the central spindle shaft is provided with a slot shaft guide, with guide grooves formed in the spindle shaft and a flange nut engaging therewith via a linear bearing element, which is non-rotatably connected to the cylinder housing.
  • the invention has for its object to provide a simple and compact tool spindle for a device for fine machining of optically effective surfaces on workpieces, the tool holding section is able to follow the macro geometry of the workpiece very smoothly and sensitively when processing the micro-geometry of the workpiece .
  • a tool spindle for a device for the fine machining of optically effective surfaces on workpieces has a spindle housing and a tool holding section projecting above it, which can be axially advanced along the tool axis of rotation A via a guide arrangement that can be driven in the spindle housing about a tool axis of rotation A (infeed axis Z) and, if necessary, can be tilted about a tilt point K on the tool axis of rotation A, the guide arrangement for the axial infeed of the tool holding section having a plurality of linear bearing elements, which are evenly distributed around the tool axis of rotation A, and each have associated guide rods which pull and are pressure-tightly connected to the tool holding section.
  • a torque transmission between the narrowly tolerable linear bearing elements and the guide rods also takes place according to the invention in accordance with the number of these pairings distributed over several places, so that the individual guide rods can have relatively small cross sections, which is not least compared to the grooved shaft guide provided in the prior art leads to less friction. It has also been shown that the smoothness and smoothness of the guide arrangement according to the invention under load, that is to say even improved with the application of torque, as seen in the direction of rotation between the linear bearing element and the guide rod of each pairing there is only a substantially linear contact.
  • the guide arrangement can have a receiving part which can be driven to rotate about the tool axis of rotation A and has cutouts for the parallel receiving of the linear bearing elements.
  • the guide arrangement comprises a first and a second guide plate, of which the first guide plate is fastened on the side of the receiving part facing away from the tool holding section to the guide rods extending through the linear bearing elements and rigidly connects them to one another at a first end, while the second guide plate is fastened to the guide rods on the side of the receiving part facing the tool holding section and rigidly connects them to one another at a second end.
  • the guide arrangement has exactly three guide rods which are assigned to three linear bearing elements, which are angularly spaced from one another with respect to the tool axis of rotation A by 120 ° on a common circle are arranged.
  • linear bearing elements e.g. Linear slide bearing or linear ball bearing with ball cage.
  • linear bearing elements are ball bushings.
  • a piston-cylinder arrangement is preferably provided for the axial infeed of the tool holding section along the tool axis of rotation A, with a piston which is accommodated in a cylinder housing and which, in a series arrangement with the guide rods of the guide arrangement, is effective for actuation is connected, which is rotatably mounted in the spindle housing together with the piston-cylinder arrangement about the tool axis of rotation A.
  • This construction is particularly characterized by a low weight.
  • the cylinder housing of the pneumatically actuated piston-cylinder arrangement is preferably formed in two parts and lined with a barrel made of mineral glass, in which the piston, which is made of a graphite material on its running surface, is accommodated in a longitudinally displaceable manner.
  • a major advantage of such a "glass cylinder” results from its very low stick-slip tendency: The tool spindle can work sensitively even with very low polishing pressures.
  • the piston of the piston-cylinder arrangement can be connected to the guide rods of the guide arrangement in a tensile and pressure-resistant manner via a thin rod made of spring steel.
  • a very light and play-free power transmission element provides a radial compensation possibility in a simple manner, as a result of which jamming cannot occur if the central axes of the piston or the piston-cylinder arrangement and the guide arrangement are not correctly aligned.
  • the outer circumference of the cylinder housing can be provided with oblique toothing for engaging a helical toothed wheel, which can be driven in rotation by a motor in order to rotate the piston-cylinder arrangement and thus the guide arrangement in the spindle housing about the tool axis of rotation A.
  • a rotary drive by means of standard drive elements is not only very quiet and inexpensive, but also has the advantage of lower moving masses compared to a rotary drive which is also conceivable and arranged coaxially with the guide arrangement, which in turn promotes high quality of the polished surface with short process times.
  • the guide arrangement of the tool spindle for tilting the tool holding section with respect to the tool axis of rotation A can comprise a ball joint.
  • This enables the tool to be tilted in a simple manner with respect to the tool axis of rotation A of the tool spindle during, for example, polishing, so that the tool can also easily follow the most varied workpiece geometries, even cylindrical surfaces or progressive surfaces with high additions to glasses, for example.
  • the tiltability of the tool advantageously allows polishing processes to be carried out using the "tangential polishing kinematics" mentioned above, the tool being able to align itself angularly on the workpiece.
  • the ball joint having a ball head accommodated in a ball socket can be constructed such that the ball head is formed on a ball pin which can be fastened to the guide rods of the guide arrangement, while the ball socket is formed in the tool holding section.
  • a reverse arrangement of the ball joint, with ball socket on the side of the guide rods and ball pin on the side of the tool holding section, is of course also conceivable.
  • the ball head can have a receiving bore for a transverse pin, which extends through the ball head and engages on both sides of the ball head with associated recesses in the ball socket, in order to connect the tool holding section to the ball pin so that it can be rotationally driven.
  • a transverse pin which extends through the ball head and engages on both sides of the ball head with associated recesses in the ball socket, in order to connect the tool holding section to the ball pin so that it can be rotationally driven.
  • the tool holding section is resiliently supported via an elastic ring element on a support flange on the ball pin side in such a way that the tool holding section strives to align itself with the ball pin with its central axis thereby aligning the tool axis of rotation A of the tool spindle.
  • the tool is prevented from tilting movements that are too strong, which has a favorable effect on the one hand, in particular during the reversal of movement when the tool is oscillated above the workpiece, since the tool cannot buckle and consequently jam on the workpiece.
  • such an elastic support of the tool holding section is advantageous when mounting or placing the tool, because the tool holding section assumes a defined position with slight constraint.
  • the moving of the tool and the workpiece can moreover take place due to the elastic (pre-) orientation of the tool holding section in such a way that the tool is essentially axially oriented on the workpiece and not tilted, which is the case, for example, with particularly thick or high-build polishing plates could cause problems.
  • the ball joint of the guide arrangement can be designed without cross pins and without pretensioning, that is to say without the above-described elastic (pre) orientation of the tool holding section, in an alternative intended especially for fine optical applications.
  • the tool holding section with the guide arrangement is only rotated due to the friction in the joint gap between the ball head and ball socket of the ball and socket joint. This means that a polishing process can be carried out less aggressively.
  • the tool holding section can easily follow the geometry of the machined workpiece even at large tilting angles with respect to the tool axis of rotation A, in particular because the gimbal errors associated with the cross pin solution are avoided.
  • a polishing plate can be held interchangeably on the tool holding section, for which purpose a base body of the polishing plate and the tool holding section are provided with complementary structures for the axial latching and for the rotational driving of the polishing plate with the tool holding section.
  • this results in an uncomplicated interchangeability of the polishing plate and a secure hold of the polishing plate on the tool spindle, on the other hand, a defined, positive torque transmission between the tool holding section and the polishing plate during the polishing process.
  • Fig. 1 is - as a possible application or place of use of a tool spindle 10 according to the invention - a device for the fine machining of optically effective surfaces cc, cx on workpieces, such as spectacle lenses L, generally numbered 12.
  • device 12 forms a subassembly of a polishing machine, which in the older international application PCT / EP2015 / 001857 ( WO 2016/058663 A1 ) is explained in detail.
  • the device 12 and the polishing machine will only be described below to the extent that it appears necessary for an understanding of the present invention.
  • the tool spindle 10 has a spindle housing 14 and a tool holding section 16 projecting above it, which can be axially advanced along the tool axis of rotation A via a guide arrangement 18 which can be driven in the spindle housing 14 about a tool axis of rotation A (feed axis Z) and - at least here illustrated embodiment - can be tilted about a tilt point K on the tool axis of rotation A.
  • the guide arrangement 18, which will be described in detail below, for the axial infeed of the tool holding section 16 has a plurality of linear bearing elements 20 uniformly distributed around the tool axis of rotation A and respectively associated guide rods 22, which are resistant to tension and compression with the tool Holding section 16 are connected.
  • the tool spindle 10 projects into an - in Fig. 1 indicated by dashed lines - working space 24 of the polishing machine and carries there at the end on its tool holding section 16 a polishing tool 25 which can consequently be driven to rotate about the tool axis of rotation A and is axially adjustable along the tool axis of rotation A (infeed axis Z).
  • the device 12 also has a workpiece spindle 26 which is assigned to the tool spindle 10 and projects into the working space 24 opposite, via which a spectacle lens L to be polished, which is usually held by means of a block material M on a block piece S for receiving in a chuck 28 of the workpiece spindle 26 , can be driven to rotate about a workpiece axis of rotation C at a predetermined speed and direction of rotation.
  • the tool spindle 10 can be moved in a CNC-controlled manner relative to the workpiece spindle 26 along a linear axis X which runs essentially perpendicular to the workpiece axis of rotation C by means of a driven tool slide (not shown) and can be pivoted about a pivoting actuating axis B which is essentially perpendicular to the workpiece Axis of rotation C and substantially perpendicular to the linear axis X.
  • the tool spindle 10 is mounted on or in a pivot yoke 30 articulated on the tool slide in a manner not shown here, which can be pivoted in a defined manner about the pivot actuating axis B by means of a linear drive (not shown) acting on a fork-shaped pivot arm 32 of the pivot yoke 30.
  • the tool spindle 10 is according to the spindle housing 14 Fig. 1 flanged from below to Schwenkjoch 30.
  • the in there Fig. 1 The dash-dotted lines shown indicate a screw connection.
  • the other components or assemblies of the tool spindle 10 are rotatably mounted in the spindle housing 14 via a bearing arrangement made of roller bearings, which comprises a lower fixed bearing 33 and an upper floating bearing 34, which are mounted in the spindle housing 14 at a distance from one another by means of a spacer bush 35.
  • the floating bearing 34 is here pulled over a plurality of lens head screws 37, evenly distributed over the circumference and screwed into threaded bores 36 of the spindle housing 14, against the spacer bush 35, as in FIG Fig. 2 shown, while the fixed bearing 33 at one in the Fig. 1 and 2nd ring shoulder 38 formed at the bottom in the spindle housing 14.
  • the guide arrangement 18 has a receiving part 40 which can be driven to rotate about the tool axis of rotation A and is mounted for this purpose in the spindle housing 14 via the fixed bearing 33.
  • the receiving part 40 is provided with cutouts 42 for receiving the linear bearing elements 20 parallel to the axis.
  • the guide arrangement 18 in the exemplary embodiment shown has exactly three guide rods 22 made of a solid metal material, which are assigned a total of three linear bearing elements 20, which are arranged at an angle of 120 ° with respect to the tool axis of rotation A in the recesses 42 on a common circle , so that the linear bearing elements 20 all have the same radial distance from the tool axis of rotation A.
  • the linear bearing elements 20 are ball bushings, as are commercially available, for example, from Nippon Bearing Co., Ltd., Ojiya-City, Japan under the name "SM-W Type - Double-Wide Type".
  • the guide arrangement 18 further comprises a first and a second guide plate 45, 46 at the first and second ends 43, 44 of the cylindrical guide rods 22.
  • the essentially triangular first guide plate 45 seen in a plan view is on the one of the tool holding section 16 facing away from the receiving part 40 on the front side of the guide rods 22 extending through the linear bearing elements 20 by means of screws 47, so that it rigidly connects the guide rods 22 together at their first ends 43.
  • the second guide plate 46 which is circular in a plan view, on the other hand, is fastened to the front side of the guide rods 22 by means of screws 48 on the side of the receiving part 40 facing the tool holding section 16 and rigidly connects these at their second ends 44 to one another.
  • the tool spindle 10 also has a piston-cylinder arrangement 50.
  • the piston-cylinder arrangement 50 has a piston 54, which is accommodated in a cylinder housing 52 and is operatively connected to the guide rods 22 of the guide arrangement 18 in a series arrangement.
  • the piston-cylinder arrangement 50 is connected via a commercially available rotary feedthrough 55 to the in the Fig. 1 and 2nd upper end of the cylinder housing 52 pneumatically acted upon.
  • the piston-cylinder arrangement 50, together with the guide arrangement 18, is rotatably mounted in the spindle housing 14 about the tool axis of rotation A, as already indicated.
  • the cylinder housing 52 is according to the Fig. 1 and 2nd further formed in two parts, with an upper housing part 56 and a lower housing part 57, which are connected to one another at 58, centered on one another, for example screwed together.
  • inside Lining of the cylinder housing 52 includes a barrel sleeve 59 made of mineral glass, which is fastened to the upper housing part 56 by means of a threaded nut (not shown) provided below the rotary feedthrough 55 and centered in the upper housing part 56 with the aid of an O-ring 60 and in which the tread is made of a Graphite material existing piston 54 is slidably received.
  • Such very smooth-running and essentially stick-slip-free “glass cylinders” are commercially available, for example, from Airpot Corporation, Norwalk, CT, USA.
  • the piston 54 of the piston-cylinder arrangement 50 is connected to the first guide plate 45 of the guide arrangement 18 in a tensile and compressive manner via a thin rod 61 made of spring steel , and that over the in the Fig. 1 , 2nd , 4 and 5 Central screw connections 62, 63 shown at the top and bottom of the rod 61 to the piston 54 and to the first guide plate 45, respectively.
  • the lower housing part 57 of the cylinder housing 52 is supported at the top in the Fig. 1 and 2nd rotatable from the floating bearing 34 in the radial direction on the spindle housing 14.
  • the receiving part 40 is flanged by means of a screw connection 64 which, together with the lower housing part 57, axially clamps the inner ring of the fixed bearing 33.
  • the receiving part 40 forms with the underside of the spindle housing 14 at 65 also a sealing labyrinth with narrow gaps and also has an annular recess 66 radially inside the sealing labyrinth 65 for receiving a sealing ring 67, the sealing lip of which also cooperates sealingly with the underside of the spindle housing 14.
  • the receiving part 40 has a central passage 68 which connects an area above the receiving part 40 to an area below the receiving part 40, so that when the guide arrangement 18 is axially displaced, more precisely its guide rods 22 and plates 45, 46 with respect to the spindle housing 14, no additional air spring effect can hinder the movement.
  • Fig. 1 shows the cylinder housing 52 of the piston-cylinder arrangement 50 passes through an opening 69 formed in the swivel yoke 30 and stands over it with its housing upper part 56 in Fig. 1 up ahead.
  • the upper housing part 56 of the cylinder housing 52 is provided on the outer circumference with an oblique toothing 70 for the attack of a gear 71 of the same diameter, which is very smoothly running under, for example, 20 ° helical teeth.
  • the gear wheel 71 can be driven by a motor 72 flanged from above to the swivel yoke 30 in order to controllably rotate the piston-cylinder arrangement 50 and thus the guide arrangement 18 in the spindle housing 14 about the tool axis of rotation A in terms of speed and direction of rotation.
  • the torque is transmitted from the cylinder housing 52 of the piston-cylinder arrangement 50, which can thus be driven in rotation, via the screw connection 64 to the receiving part 40 and from there via the linear bearing elements 20 to the guide rods 22 of the guide arrangement 18, which in turn take the second guide plate 46 with them.
  • the lower guide plate 46 of the tool spindle 10 is controllable in terms of speed and direction of rotation, can be driven to rotate about the tool axis of rotation A and / or can also be adjusted very delicately along the tool axis of rotation A (infeed axis Z).
  • a ring magnet RM is glued into the piston 54 of the piston-cylinder arrangement 50, which is nearby with a magnetic sensor (not shown) the rotary union 55 cooperates.
  • the guide arrangement 18 includes for tilting the tool holding section 16 with respect to the tool axis of rotation A.
  • a ball joint 74 which defines the tilt point K for the tool holding section 16 on the tool axis of rotation A.
  • the ball joint 74 has a ball head 76 which is accommodated in a ball socket 75 and is formed on a ball pin 77 which can be fastened to the guide rods 22 of the guide arrangement 18, while the ball socket 75 is formed in the tool holding section 16.
  • the ball pin 77 is connected, for example by a one-piece design, to a flange section 78 which is screwed to the lower guide plate 46 in an axially and rotationally fixed manner.
  • the guide plate 46 is provided within the circle formed by the screws 48 with three through bores 79 spaced at an angle of 120 ° with respect to the tool axis of rotation A, which are located on the underside of the guide plate 46 in an area of the projection 48 axially beyond the screws 48
  • the through bores 79 are penetrated between the ends 44 of the guide rods 22 from above by fastening screws 82 which are screwed into associated threaded bores 83 adjoining the ring recesses 81 in the flange section 78 in order to pull the flange section 78 firmly against the guide plate 46 and thus to form it - And to establish non-positively on the guide plate 46.
  • the ball head 76 has in Fig. 1 Embodiment shown a receiving bore 84 for a cross pin 85, which extends through the spherical head 76 with rounded ends and engages on both sides of the spherical head 76 with associated recesses 86 or diametrically arranged slots in the ball socket 75 with respect to the tilting point K around the tool
  • a receiving bore 84 for a cross pin 85 which extends through the spherical head 76 with rounded ends and engages on both sides of the spherical head 76 with associated recesses 86 or diametrically arranged slots in the ball socket 75 with respect to the tilting point K around the tool
  • a polishing plate capable of axial and rotary entrainment is held on the tool holding section 16 as a polishing tool 25 - nevertheless detachable, ie exchangeable.
  • a base body 90 of the polishing plate 25 and the tool holding section 16 are provided with complementary structures 91 for axially locking and for driving the polishing plate 25 with the tool holding section 16.
  • This interface formed by the complementary structures 91 between the polishing plate 25 and the tool holding section 16 is the subject of the document EP 2 464 493 B1 , to which reference is expressly made at this point with regard to the structure and function of the interface to avoid repetitions.
  • This configuration of the polishing plate 25 is special in that the intermediate layer 92 has at least two regions of different hardness which are arranged one behind the other in the direction of the central axis of the polishing plate 25, the region of the intermediate layer 92 adjoining the base body 90 being softer than the region of the intermediate layer 92 on which the polishing agent carrier 93 rests.
  • the two regions of the intermediate layer 92 are here each made of foam layers 95, 96 which are different from one another - along the central axis seen of the polishing plate 25 - constant thickness, namely a softer foam layer 95 on the base body 90, more precisely its spherical end face 97, and a harder foam layer 96 under the polishing agent carrier 93.
  • the individual components (90, 95, 96, 93) of the Polishing plates 25 glued together.
  • This polishing plate 25, which can be used universally for a large range of workpiece curvatures, in particular its specific design and dimensions, are the subject of the older international patent application PCT / EP2015 / 001849 , to which express reference is made at this point to avoid repetition.
  • polishing processes which can be carried out with the above-described kinematics of the device 12 by means of the tool spindle 10 - in which, moreover, a liquid polishing agent is supplied to the point of engagement between the tool and the workpiece via polishing agent nozzles (not shown) provided on the workpiece spindle 26 - are well known to the person skilled in the art and should therefore not be described in more detail at this point (see also the polishing kinematics described above in the introduction to the prior art, in particular with “tangential” and / or “pivoting” relative movement between tool and workpiece).
  • polishing tools or polishing plates can of course also be used with the tool spindle 10 in accordance with the respective polishing requirements.
  • tools according to the publication US 7,559,829 B2 without using a rigid rotary drive.
  • the mounting hole and cross pin would be omitted in the ball head of a somewhat longer ball pin, as would the support flange and the elastic ring element of the in Fig. 1 illustrated polishing tool.
  • the possible rotary drive of the ball head in this application would ensure that there are no high relative speeds in the joint gap between the ball head and ball socket of the ball joint, which could otherwise cause severe wear under the action of the highly abrasive polishing agent.
  • the Fig. 6 shows a further variant of the tool spindle 10, as can be used, for example, for fine-optical polishing processes and which is only to be explained below insofar as it differs from the above with reference to FIG 1 to 5 described tool spindle 10 differs.
  • the only differences here are in the design of the ball joint 74 'of the guide arrangement 18' and of the polishing tool 25 '.
  • the ball joint 74 'of the guide arrangement 18' is designed to be free of transverse pins and is not pretensioned, so that the tool holding section 16 'can tilt with little play as well as smoothly with respect to the tool axis of rotation A. Accordingly, the ball joint 74 'of FIG Fig. 6 compared to the design according to Fig. 1 the cross pin, the receiving bore for this in the ball head 76 'and the associated recesses on the ball socket 75' of the tool holding section 16 '.
  • a hydraulic expansion chuck could also be provided for holding components cemented to precision putty pieces in accordance with DIN 58767.
  • a tool spindle for a device for fine machining optically effective surfaces on workpieces has a spindle housing and a tool holding section projecting above it.
  • the tool holding section can be moved axially with respect to the workpiece (feed axis Z) and possibly about a tilting point K via a guide arrangement which can be driven in the spindle housing about a tool axis of rotation A and which can be driven the tool axis of rotation can be tilted.
  • the guide arrangement for the axial infeed of the tool holding section has a plurality of linear bearing elements distributed uniformly around the tool axis of rotation and respectively associated guide rods which are connected to the tool holding section in a tensile and compressive manner.

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  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)

Claims (15)

  1. Broche d'outil (10) destinée à un dispositif (12) pour l'usinage de précision de surfaces optiquement efficaces (cc, cx) sur des pièces à usiner (L), avec un logement de broche (14) et une section de retenue d'outil (16, 16') dépassant par-dessus qui peut être, via un agencement de guidage (18, 18') pouvant être entraîné en rotation autour d'un axe de rotation d'outil (A) dans le logement de broche (14), approchée axialement (axe d'approche Z) le long de l'axe de rotation d'outil (A) et le cas échéant basculée sur l'axe de rotation d'outil (A) autour d'un point de bascule (K), dans laquelle l'agencement de guidage (18, 18') présente, pour l'approche axiale de la section de retenue d'outil (16, 16'), une pluralité d'éléments de palier linéaire (20) répartis uniformément autour de l'axe de rotation d'outil (A) et des tiges de guidage (22) respectivement attribuées qui sont reliées à la section de retenue d'outil (16, 16') de façon à résister à la traction et à la pression.
  2. Broche d'outil (10) selon la revendication 1, dans laquelle l'agencement de guidage (18, 18') présente une partie de réception (40) pouvant être entraînée en rotation autour de l'axe de rotation d'outil (A) avec des évidements (42) en vue de recevoir parallèlement des éléments de palier linéaire (20).
  3. Broche d'outil (10) selon la revendication 2, dans laquelle l'agencement de guidage (18, 18') comprend une première et une seconde plaques de guidage (45, 46) dont la première plaque de guidage (45) est fixée sur le côté détourné de la section de retenue d'outil (16, 16') de la partie de réception (40), contre les tiges de guidage (22) s'étendant à travers les éléments de palier linéaire (20), et relie rigidement celles-ci les unes aux autres au niveau d'une première extrémité (43), tandis que la seconde plaque de guidage (46) est fixée sur le côté tourné vers la section de retenue d'outil (16, 16') de la partie de réception (40), contre les tiges de guidage (22), et relie rigidement celles-ci les unes aux autres au niveau d'une seconde extrémité (44).
  4. Broche d'outil (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'agencement de guidage (18, 18') présente exactement trois tiges de guidage (22) qui sont attribuées à trois éléments de palier linéaire (20), lesquels sont agencés sur un cercle commun en étant espacés les uns des autres d'un angle de 120° par rapport à l'axe de rotation d'outil (A).
  5. Broche d'outil (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle les éléments de palier linéaire (20) sont des douilles sphériques.
  6. Broche d'outil (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle, pour l'approche axiale de la section de retenue d'outil (16, 16') le long de l'axe de rotation d'outil (A), est prévu un agencement piston-cylindre (50) avec un piston (54) reçu dans un logement de cylindre (52), lequel piston est relié de façon opérationnelle en actionnement dans un agencement séquentielle avec les tiges de guidage (22) de l'agencement de guidage (18, 18'), lequel est monté dans le logement de broche (14) ensemble avec l'agencement piston-cylindre (50) et en rotation autour de l'axe de rotation d'outil (A).
  7. Broche d'outil (10) selon la revendication 6, dans laquelle le logement de cylindre (52) de l'agencement piston-cylindre (50) pneumatiquement actionnable est conçu en deux parties et revêtu d'un manchon de roulement (59) en verre minéral dans lequel le piston (54) constitué d'un matériau de graphite sur sa surface de roulement est reçu de façon longitudinalement déplaçable.
  8. Broche d'outil (10) selon la revendication 6 ou 7, dans laquelle le piston (54) de l'agencement piston-cylindre (50) est relié aux tiges de guidage (22) de l'agencement de guidage (18), via une fine baguette (61) dans un acier à ressort, de façon à résister à la traction et à la pression.
  9. Broche d'outil (10) selon l'une des revendications 6 à 8, dans laquelle le logement de cylindre (52) est doté, du côté de sa périphérie extérieure, d'une denture (70) oblique pour la venue en prise d'une roue dentée (71) obliquement endentée qui peut être entraînée en rotation via un moteur (72) pour faire tourner autour de l'axe de rotation d'outil (A) l'agencement piston-cylindre (50) et ainsi l'agencement de guidage (18, 18') dans le logement de broche (14).
  10. Broche d'outil (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle l'agencement de guidage (18, 18') comprend, pour le basculement de la section de retenue d'outil (16, 16') par rapport à l'axe de rotation d'outil (A), une articulation sphérique (74, 74').
  11. Broche d'outil (10) selon la revendication 10, dans laquelle l'articulation sphérique (74, 74') présente une tête sphérique (76, 76') reçue dans un coussinet sphérique (75, 75'), laquelle est conçue contre une goupille sphérique (77, 77') pouvant être fixée contre les tiges de guidage (22) de l'agencement de guidage (18) pendant que le coussinet sphérique (75, 75') est moulé dans la section de retenue d'outil (16, 16').
  12. Broche d'outil (10) selon la revendication 11, dans laquelle la tête sphérique (76) présente un alésage de réception (84) pour une goupille transversale (85) qui s'étend à travers la tête sphérique (76) et s'engage, sur les deux côtés de la tête sphérique (76), dans le coussinet sphérique (75) avec des évidements (86) attribués, pour relier la section de retenue d'outil (16) à la goupille sphérique (77) de façon à pouvoir être emportée en rotation.
  13. Broche d'outil (10) selon la revendication 11 ou 12, dans laquelle la section de retenue d'outil (16) s'appuie élastiquement, via un élément annulaire (87) élastique, contre un flanc d'appui (88) du côté de la goupille sphérique de telle sorte que la section de retenue d'outil (16) soit appelée à s'aligner, avec son axe central, avec la goupille sphérique (77) et ainsi avec l'axe de rotation d'outil (A) de la broche d'outil (10).
  14. Broche d'outil (10) selon la revendication 10 ou 11, dans laquelle l'articulation sphérique (74') de l'agencement de guidage (18') est dépourvue de goupille transversale et non précontrainte.
  15. Broche d'outil (10) selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans laquelle un plateau de polissage (25) est retenu de façon remplaçable contre la section de retenue d'outil (16), ce pour quoi un corps de base (90) du plateau de polissage (25) et de la section de retenue d'outil (16) sont dotés de structures (91) complémentaires pour l'encliquetage axial et pour l'emportée en rotation du plateau de polissage (25) avec la section de retenue d'outil (16).
EP17723924.1A 2016-04-13 2017-04-11 Broche d'outil pour un dispositif de finition de surfaces optiquement actives sur des pièces Active EP3442746B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016004328.8A DE102016004328A1 (de) 2016-04-13 2016-04-13 Werkzeugspindel für eine Vorrichtung zur Feinbearbeitung von optisch wirksamen Flächen an Werkstücken
PCT/EP2017/000470 WO2017178110A1 (fr) 2016-04-13 2017-04-11 Broche d'outil pour un dispositif de finition de surfaces optiquement actives sur des pièces

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EP3442746A1 EP3442746A1 (fr) 2019-02-20
EP3442746B1 true EP3442746B1 (fr) 2020-06-10

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US (1) US11426837B2 (fr)
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CN (1) CN109153102B (fr)
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WO (1) WO2017178110A1 (fr)

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CN110961662B (zh) * 2019-12-02 2020-11-24 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 电主轴及数控设备
CN111993215B (zh) * 2020-08-18 2022-06-14 中国科学院光电技术研究所 一种用于大口径光学元件加工的可变形柔性抛光工具
CN112658881A (zh) * 2020-12-28 2021-04-16 重庆远中近光学科技有限公司 一种多镜片研磨加工装置
CN112828646B (zh) * 2021-01-05 2022-03-29 玉环图远机电有限公司 一种伸缩式机床动力装置
CN112743453A (zh) * 2021-01-19 2021-05-04 机械科学研究总院海西（福建）分院有限公司 一种气囊工具刀柄液压胀套同轴结构
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EP3442746A1 (fr) 2019-02-20
CN109153102A (zh) 2019-01-04
US20190126432A1 (en) 2019-05-02
DE102016004328A1 (de) 2017-10-19
CN109153102B (zh) 2020-12-25
US11426837B2 (en) 2022-08-30
WO2017178110A1 (fr) 2017-10-19

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