EP3440965B1 - Composite sound-absorbing curtain - Google Patents

Composite sound-absorbing curtain Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3440965B1
EP3440965B1 EP18186789.6A EP18186789A EP3440965B1 EP 3440965 B1 EP3440965 B1 EP 3440965B1 EP 18186789 A EP18186789 A EP 18186789A EP 3440965 B1 EP3440965 B1 EP 3440965B1
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Prior art keywords
frequency
layer
sound
curtain
layers
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EP18186789.6A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3440965A1 (en
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Jean-Philippe Lemoine
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    • A—HUMAN NECESSITIES
    • A47—FURNITURE; DOMESTIC ARTICLES OR APPLIANCES; COFFEE MILLS; SPICE MILLS; SUCTION CLEANERS IN GENERAL
    • A47H—FURNISHINGS FOR WINDOWS OR DOORS
    • A47H23/00—Curtains; Draperies
    • A47H23/02—Shapes of curtains; Selection of particular materials for curtains
    • A47H23/08—Selection of particular materials
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches

Definitions

  • the invention falls within the field of composite noise reduction devices, such devices comprising a plurality of layers assembled together and making it possible in particular to soundproof a room.
  • the invention relates more particularly to a flexible composite noise barrier adapted to be suspended in front of an opening which can be closed by a door or a window, or to separate two spaces, or even to be suspended in front of a wall or a window.
  • Such flexible composite noise-canceling curtains are known, in particular acoustic curtains, which comprise a plurality of textile layers assembled together generally using one or more seams.
  • Each textile layer of this curtain is composed of a very dense and very thick material, for example heavy cotton fleece with a basis weight, or grammage, greater than 300 g / m 2 .
  • the publication US 2015/0034415 discloses a noise barrier comprising a core for absorbing sound waves caught between two covering layers, which absorption core comprises a plurality of layers assembled together and intended to absorb acoustic energy in order to attenuate noise.
  • the sound curtain must have a large number of layers so that a mass effect occurs which weakens the sound waves passing through. the curtain.
  • the acoustic curtain is in fact much too heavy. Thus, because of its heavy weight, this acoustic curtain very often requires expensive and difficult to implement rail systems for its installation.
  • the invention thus relates to a composite noise barrier having a weighted attenuation index Rw of greater than 7 decibels which is not only conditioned by the weight of the curtain.
  • the invention further relates to a composite noise barrier for which the weight has been reduced without however reducing its sound insulation qualities.
  • each layer of such a "sound or acoustic ” is a fleece fabric of natural or synthetic fibers, said layer having a basis weight greater than 300 g / m 2 .
  • the inventor has developed a composite noise barrier 1a - 1c, the sound insulation properties of which are not based solely on the mass effect of the curtain 1a - 1c, which makes it possible in particular and advantageously to considerably reduce the weight of the latter without compromise the weighted sound reduction index Rw.
  • the noise barrier 1a - 1c of the invention comprises a succession of layers, assembled together for example by seams 10, 11, 13 ( figures 5a and 5b ) as will be specified later, and whose acoustic properties are different and complementary.
  • the sound waves mentioned in the present description are characterized by frequencies audible to the human ear, i.e. that is, frequencies between 20 hertz and 20,000 hertz.
  • frequencies audible to the human ear i.e. that is, frequencies between 20 hertz and 20,000 hertz.
  • sound waves whose frequency is less than 300 hertz will be called low frequency sound waves
  • sound waves whose frequency is at least equal to 300 hertz will be called high frequency sound waves. .
  • the noise barrier 1a - 1c comprises at least four different layers 2a, 3, 4a, 5a, namely a first absorption layer 2a, a damping layer 3, a first low frequency reflective layer 4a and a first high-frequency reflective layer 5a, the technical characteristics and acoustic properties of which will be described below.
  • the first absorption layer 2a is formed from a heavy material, the basis weight of which is greater than 300 g / m 2 , ideally between 350 g / m 2 and 500 g / m 2 .
  • the heavy material is a soft fleece fabric, for example brushed cotton.
  • the first absorption layer 2a has a thickness of between 1 and 2 millimeters, preferably of the order of 1 millimeter.
  • the first absorption layer 2a absorbs part of the energy emitted by the sound waves propagating towards said layer 2a, which makes it possible to reduce the amplitude of the sound waves passing through this first absorption layer 2a and this, whatever their frequency.
  • the damping layer 3 is contiguous to the first absorption layer 2a and comprises gas, preferably an inert gas such as air.
  • This damping layer 3 is formed from a flexible and light textile material, the basis weight of which is between 100 g / m 2 and 150 g / m 2 , and is preferably of the order of 120 g / m 2 .
  • this material is particularly porous, so that the gas is uniformly distributed in the damping layer 3.
  • Said damping layer 3 has a thickness of between ten and fifteen millimeters, preferably of the order of twelve millimeters.
  • the material used to make the damping layer 3 is mineral wool or wadding, for example hoodie.
  • the gas contained in the wadding forming the damping layer 3 acts like a spring on the sound waves propagating in this layer 3. The result is a damping of the sound waves whatever their frequency, thus reducing the amplitude of the sound waves. passing through the damping layer 3. It is understood that it is the gas contained in the material of the damping layer 3 which makes it possible to damp the sound waves. Such a layer 3 formed only of gas would thus have the same qualities of damping sound waves. It is therefore not the mass of this layer 3 which conditions its damping qualities.
  • the first absorption layer 2a and the damping layer 3 being contiguous, they both participate in reducing the amplitude of the sound waves passing through them successively, whatever the frequency of the sound waves.
  • the first low-frequency reflective layer 4a is formed from a material suitable for reflecting low-frequency sound waves, that is to say the frequency of which is less than 300 hertz. In other words, the majority of sound waves that have passed through this first reflective layer 4a have a frequency at least equal to 300 hertz.
  • the material forming this layer 4a is a flexible textile, usually a woven fabric like satin or a close knit fabric like velvet. This fabric, whether it is armored or close-knit, may be in natural or synthetic fibers, and is preferably in polyester. It also has the advantage of being opacifying. It is the material forming the low-frequency reflective layer 4a which provides the latter with its qualities of reflection of sound waves whose frequency is less than 300 Hz.
  • the first low-frequency reflective layer 4a has a basis weight of preferably between 150 g / m 2 and 350 g / m 2 , and is still preferably of the order of 250 g / m 2 .
  • the thickness of this layer is between 0.5 and 1.5 millimeters, and is preferably of the order of one millimeter.
  • the first high-frequency reflective layer 5a is formed from a material suitable for reflecting high-frequency sound waves, that is to say whose frequency is at least equal to 300 hertz. In other words, the majority of sound waves that have passed through this first reflective layer 5a have a frequency lower than 300 hertz.
  • the material forming this layer 5a is a flexible and waterproof fabric made of synthetic fibers, such as polyester or polyvinyl chloride. The sealing properties of the first high frequency layer 5a thus allow it to reflect high frequency waves. It is the material forming the high-frequency reflective layer 5a which provides the latter with its qualities of reflection of sound waves, the frequency of which is at least equal to 300 Hz.
  • the first high-frequency reflective layer 5a has a basis weight preferably of the order of 150 g / m 2 , and its thickness is between 0.2 and 0.5 millimeters, preferably of the order of 0.3 millimeters.
  • the noise barrier 1a - 1c therefore comprises two first reflective layers, respectively low frequency 4a and high frequency 5a, which provides the advantage of improving the attenuation of the sound passing through the curtain 1a - 1c compared to a curtain which would include a layer absorption 2a, a damping layer 3 and a single reflective layer of sound waves whose frequencies are representative of the entire audible sound spectrum, that is to say from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz.
  • the residual sound waves which have passed through the curtain 1a - 1c are weakened, the noise barrier 1a - 1c typically exhibiting a weighted attenuation index Rw of at least 8 decibels.
  • the noise barrier 1a of the invention in the first embodiment comprises four layers successively assembled together in the following order: first high-frequency reflective layer 5a, first absorption layer 2a, damping layer 3, and first low frequency reflective layer 4a.
  • the first absorption layer 2a is formed of cotton fleece brushed on both sides, and has a thickness of about 1 millimeter and a basis weight of between 350 g / m 2 and 500 g / m 2 , as described above. above.
  • the cushioning layer 3 is formed from cotton wadding and has a thickness of about 12 millimeters and a basis weight of about 120 g / m 2 , in accordance with the description above.
  • the first high-frequency reflective layer 5a is formed of a polyester fabric waterproofed with a polyvinyl chloride coating and has a thickness of about 0.3 millimeters and a basis weight of about 135 g / m 2 , in accordance with the description below. -above.
  • coated PES will be used in the remainder of the description to define this fabric.
  • the first low-frequency reflective layer 4a is formed of opacifying polyester satin and has a thickness of about 1 millimeter and a basis weight of about 260 g / m 2 , in accordance with the description above.
  • the first low-frequency reflective layer 4a is the visible outer layer.
  • the first high-frequency reflective layer 5a is therefore located opposite the door or the window and is the layer which first receives the incident sound waves.
  • the sound waves striking the curtain 1a are first filtered by the first high-frequency reflective layer 5a so that a significant portion of the sound waves with a frequency greater than or equal to 300 Hz are reflected.
  • the sound waves transmitted in the curtain 1a are then weakened in amplitude by the first absorption layer 2a then by the damping layer 3.
  • a significant portion of the residual sound waves whose frequency is less than 300 Hz are reflected in the curtain 1a against the first low-frequency reflective layer 4a.
  • the curtain 1a thus has a basis weight of 0.875 g / m 2 and a weighted attenuation index Rw of 8 decibels.
  • This curtain 1a thus constitutes a solution providing satisfactory sound insulation for a weight much lower than known sound curtains.
  • this first embodiment of the noise barrier is the lightest of all.
  • the assembly of the layers of the curtain 1a is carried out at the level of the upper 8 and side 9 edges of the curtain 1a.
  • the upper edge 8 will be called the edge of the curtain 1a intended to be hung, and the lower edge the edge of the curtain intended to be flush with the floor, or even in contact with the floor of the room.
  • the satin layer 4a being longer than the other layers of the curtain 1a, it is folded over the coated PES layer 5a at the upper edge 8 to form a second hem enclosing the first absorption layer 2a and the layer d 'damping 3.
  • a ruflette 12 is disposed transversely on the coated PES layer 5a, at the vicinity of the upper edge 8 of the curtain 1a to form a means for attaching said curtain 1a to the wall.
  • the four layers 2a, 3, 4a, 5a and the ruflette 12 are then assembled by second transverse seams 11a and 11b, the seam 11a being located at a distance of approximately 7 to 10 centimeters from the upper edge 8.
  • the two layers respectively of satin 4a and coated PES 5a which are wider than the first absorption layer 2a and the damping layer 3, are folded inside the curtain 1a between the first absorption layer 2a and the damping layer 3.
  • the layers are then assembled together in the vicinity of each side edge 9 by a longitudinal seam 13 located approximately 1.5 centimeters from the side edge in question 9.
  • the layers 2a, 3, 4a, 5a of the curtain 1a are not assembled at its lower edge. This allows air to circulate between the layers 2a, 3, 4a, 5a to prevent degradation of the curtain 1a, mainly due to the humidity of the ambient air.
  • At least one velcro strip 14 is placed against the layer of coated PES fabrics 5a and assembled to the curtain by means of the longitudinal seam 13.
  • These velcro strips 14 are adapted to interact with complementary strips secured to the wall, and make it possible to place the curtain 1a against the wall to further improve the sound insulation. It is understood that any known means of connecting the side edges 9 of the curtain 1a to the wall can be used.
  • the noise barrier 1b of the invention in the second embodiment comprises five layers successively assembled together in the following order: first high-frequency reflective layer 5a, first absorption layer 2a, damping layer 3, second absorption layer 2b and first low-frequency reflective layer 4a.
  • the first and second absorption layers 2a, 2b are formed from cotton fleece brushed on both sides and each have a thickness of approximately 1 millimeter and a basis weight of between 350 g / m 2 and 500 g / m 2 , in accordance with the description above.
  • damping layer 3 and the first respectively low and high frequency reflective layers 4a, 5a are as described above with reference to figure 1 .
  • the succession in this order of the first absorption layer 2a, of the damping layer 3 and of the second absorption layer 2b forms a mass-spring-mass assembly which provides absorption and damping capacities. sound waves greater than those produced by an assembly consisting simply of a succession of heavy layers.
  • the sound waves striking the curtain 1b are first filtered by the first high-frequency reflective layer 5a so that a significant portion of the sound waves with a frequency greater than or equal to 300 Hz are reflected.
  • the sound waves transmitted in the curtain 1a are then weakened in amplitude by the mass-spring-mass assembly formed by the first absorption layer 2a, the damping layer 3 then by the second damping layer 2b.
  • a significant portion of the residual sound waves whose frequency is less than 300 Hz are reflected in the curtain 1a against the first low-frequency reflective layer 4a.
  • the curtain 1b thus has a basis weight of 1.235 g / m 2 and a weighted attenuation index Rw of 12 decibels.
  • This curtain 1b thus constitutes a solution providing satisfactory sound insulation for a lower weight than known sound curtains.
  • it provides a higher weighted attenuation index Rw.
  • the noise barrier 1c of the invention in the third embodiment comprises two layers 4b, 5b more than the curtain 1b according to the second embodiment.
  • These two additional layers are second respectively low frequency 4b and high frequency 5b reflective layers, identical to the first respectively low frequency 4a and high frequency 5a reflective layers.
  • second low-frequency reflective layer 4b first high-frequency reflective layer 5a, first absorption layer 2a, damping layer 3, second absorption layer 2b, second high frequency reflective layer 5b and first low frequency reflective layer 4a.
  • the first and second absorption layers 2a, 2b as well as the damping layer 3, forming the mass-spring-mass assembly of the curtain 1c, are as described above with reference to figure 2 .
  • the first and second low frequency reflective layers 4a, 4b, as well as the first and second high frequency reflective layers 5a, 5b, are also as described above with reference to figure 2 .
  • the assembly of the layers of the curtain 1c is carried out in the same way as for the curtain 1a and the curtain 1b. It is nevertheless specified that the two satin layers 4a and 4b are folded inside the curtain 1b at the level of the lateral edges 9 between the first absorption layer 2a and the damping layer 3. In addition, one of the two satin layers 4a or 4b is folded over the other satin layer 4a or 4b to form the hem at the top edge 8.
  • the sound waves striking the curtain 1c are first filtered by the second low-frequency reflective layer 4b so that a significant portion of the sound waves with a frequency below 300 Hz are reflected, then a significant portion of the sound waves transmitted in this layer 5a and whose frequency is greater than or equal to 300 Hz are reflected on the first high-frequency layer 5a.
  • the residual sound waves transmitted in the curtain 1c are then weakened in amplitude by the mass-spring-mass assembly formed by the first absorption layer 2a, the damping layer 3 then by the second damping layer 2b.
  • the curtain 1c thus has a basis weight of 1.63 g / m 2 and a weighted attenuation index Rw of 12 decibels. This curtain 1c thus constitutes a solution providing satisfactory sound insulation for a lower weight than known sound curtains.
  • curve 15 represents the sound level of waves that have not yet passed through curtain 1c as a function of their emission frequency
  • curve 16 represents the sound reduction index R of curtain 1c as a function of frequency d emission of sound waves. It is well known that the sound reduction index R of the curtain 1c (and in general of any material) depends on the frequency of emission of the sound waves, the reduction index R being all the greater as the frequency of emission of sound waves is high.
  • the weighted attenuation index Rw is calculated in accordance with standard ISO 16283-1, this weighted index Rw being independent of the frequency of the sound waves. As specified in the description above, the weighted attenuation index Rw of the curtain 1c is 12 decibels.
  • test I on a curtain which does not include a reflective layer
  • tests II and III on curtains which each include two reflective layers of the same nature are not able to filter the entire audible frequency spectrum, which ultimately leads to poor weighted attenuation indices Rw.
  • Test IV further clearly demonstrates the need to incorporate in the associated curtain a damping layer 3 contiguous to the first absorption layer 2a, the combination of these two layers 2a and 3 substantially improving the attenuation of the sound waves passing through. the curtain.
  • a comparison of tests VII and VIII demonstrates that the addition of a second absorption layer 2b of fleece to the curtain 1a, 1b improves the weighted weakening index Rw of said curtain 1b tested in VIII.
  • the reason is that the succession of the first absorption layer 2a, of the damping layer 3 and of the second absorption layer 2b in this order forms the mass-spring-mass assembly which provides absorption capacities. and damping sound waves greater than those provided by an assembly consisting simply of a succession of heavy layers.
  • coated PES is more effective than PVC, because PES fabric coated with polyvinyl chloride coating is more waterproof than PVC fabric. This better impermeability is due to a better tenacity of the coated PES, that is to say a greater elasticity of the weaving. Therefore, the coated PES better reflects high frequency sound waves.
  • the noise barrier 1a - 1c of the invention therefore offers a practical and effective soundproofing solution. Indeed, thanks to the complementary acoustic properties of the layers which compose it, the weakening of the sound waves crossing the curtain 1a - 1c is not based only on the mass effect, but on the reflection of the sound waves due to the nature of the materials. forming the reflective layers considered 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b and on the mass-spring-mass effect which provide a weighted attenuation rate Rw greater than or equal to 8 dB, and even greater than 10 dB for curtains 1b and 1c .
  • the noise barrier 1a - 1c has interesting thermal insulation properties, which constitutes another advantage of the invention.

Description

L'invention s'inscrit dans le domaine des dispositifs antibruit composites, de tels dispositifs comprenant une pluralité de couches assemblées entre-elles et permettant notamment d'isoler phoniquement une pièce.The invention falls within the field of composite noise reduction devices, such devices comprising a plurality of layers assembled together and making it possible in particular to soundproof a room.

L'invention porte plus particulièrement sur un rideau antibruit composite souple et adapté pour être suspendu devant une ouverture pouvant être fermée par une porte ou une fenêtre, ou bien pour séparer deux espaces, ou encore pour être suspendu devant un mur ou une vitrine.The invention relates more particularly to a flexible composite noise barrier adapted to be suspended in front of an opening which can be closed by a door or a window, or to separate two spaces, or even to be suspended in front of a wall or a window.

Il est connu de tels rideaux antibruit composites souples, notamment des rideaux acoustiques, qui comportent une pluralité de couches textiles assemblées entre-elles généralement à l'aide d'une ou plusieurs coutures. Chaque couche textile de ce rideau est composée d'un matériau très dense et très épais, par exemple du molleton de coton lourd d'une masse surfacique, ou grammage, supérieure à 300 g/m2. A titre d'exemple, la publication US 2015/0034415 divulgue un rideau antibruit comprenant un cœur d'absorption des ondes sonores pris entre deux couches de couverture, lequel cœur d'absorption comprend une pluralité de couches assemblées entre elles et destinées à absorber l'énergie acoustique afin d'atténuer le bruit.Such flexible composite noise-canceling curtains are known, in particular acoustic curtains, which comprise a plurality of textile layers assembled together generally using one or more seams. Each textile layer of this curtain is composed of a very dense and very thick material, for example heavy cotton fleece with a basis weight, or grammage, greater than 300 g / m 2 . For example, the publication US 2015/0034415 discloses a noise barrier comprising a core for absorbing sound waves caught between two covering layers, which absorption core comprises a plurality of layers assembled together and intended to absorb acoustic energy in order to attenuate noise.

Cependant, pour présenter un indice d'affaiblissement pondéré Rw satisfaisant, c'est-à-dire au moins égal à 7 décibels, le rideau acoustique doit comporter un nombre important de couches afin que se produise un effet de masse affaiblissant les ondes sonores traversant le rideau. Le rideau acoustique présente de fait grammage bien trop élevé. Ainsi, à cause de son poids important, ce rideau acoustique nécessite bien souvent pour son installation des systèmes de rails couteux et difficiles à mettre en œuvre.However, to present a satisfactory weighted attenuation index Rw, that is to say at least equal to 7 decibels, the sound curtain must have a large number of layers so that a mass effect occurs which weakens the sound waves passing through. the curtain. The acoustic curtain is in fact much too heavy. Thus, because of its heavy weight, this acoustic curtain very often requires expensive and difficult to implement rail systems for its installation.

L'invention vise ainsi un rideau antibruit composite présentant un indice d'affaiblissement pondéré Rw supérieur à 7 décibels qui n'est pas uniquement conditionné par le poids du rideau.The invention thus relates to a composite noise barrier having a weighted attenuation index Rw of greater than 7 decibels which is not only conditioned by the weight of the curtain.

L'invention vise en outre un rideau antibruit composite pour lequel le poids a été réduit sans pour autant diminuer ses qualités d'isolation phonique.The invention further relates to a composite noise barrier for which the weight has been reduced without however reducing its sound insulation qualities.

À cet effet, le rideau antibruit composite comprend une pluralité de couches assemblées entre-elles, parmi lesquelles au moins :

  • une première couche d'absorption présentant une masse surfacique au moins égale à trois cents grammes par mètres carrés et ainsi adaptée pour absorber des ondes sonores,
  • une couche d'amortissement comprenant du gaz tel que de l'air, contiguë à la première couche d'absorption et adaptée pour amortir les ondes sonores,
  • une première couche réflective basse fréquence en matériau adapté pour réfléchir les ondes sonores dont la fréquence est inférieure à trois cents hertz, et
  • une première couche réflective haute fréquence en matériau adapté pour réfléchir les ondes sonores dont la fréquence est supérieure ou égale à trois cents hertz.
To this end, the composite noise barrier comprises a plurality of layers assembled together, among which at least:
  • a first absorption layer having a surface mass of at least three hundred grams per square meter and thus suitable for absorbing sound waves,
  • a damping layer comprising gas such as air, contiguous to the first absorption layer and adapted to damp sound waves,
  • a first low-frequency reflective layer made of a material suitable for reflecting sound waves whose frequency is less than three hundred hertz, and
  • a first high-frequency reflective layer made of a material suitable for reflecting sound waves whose frequency is greater than or equal to three hundred hertz.

Le rideau anti-bruit de l'invention peut également comporter les caractéristiques optionnelles suivantes considérées isolément ou selon toutes les combinaisons techniques possibles :

  • La première couche d'absorption et les premières couches réflectives respectivement basse fréquence et haute fréquence sont en matériau textile souple.
  • La couche d'amortissement est en matériau textile souple.
  • La première couche d'absorption, la couche d'amortissement et les premières couches réflectives respectivement basse fréquence et haute fréquence sont en matériau textile souple.
  • Le rideau comprend une seconde couche d'absorption contiguë à la couche d'amortissement et située du côté opposé à la première couche d'absorption, la succession de ces trois couches formant ainsi un ensemble masse-ressort-masse adapté pour affaiblir les ondes sonores.
  • La première couche réflective basse fréquence est disposée d'un côté de l'ensemble masse-ressort-masse, et la première couche réflective haute fréquence est disposée du côté opposé de l'ensemble masse-ressort-masse, les deux premières couches réflectives respectivement haute fréquence et basse fréquence étant contiguës respectivement des première et seconde couches d'absorption.
  • Le rideau comprend des secondes couches réflectives respectivement haute fréquence et basse fréquence, les couches du dispositif étant disposées successivement selon l'ordre suivant : seconde couche réflective basse fréquence, première couche réflective haute fréquence, ensemble masse-ressort-masse, seconde couche réflective haute fréquence et première couche réflective basse fréquence.
  • Chaque couche réflective haute fréquence est imperméabilisée avec un enduit polymère, par exemple du type polychlorure de vinyle, déposé sur l'une des faces de la couche réflective haute fréquence considérée.
  • Le matériau formant chaque couche d'absorption est un textile molletonné du type coton molletonné.
  • La couche d'amortissement est formée d'un matériau poreux du type ouate de coton.
  • Le matériau formant chaque couche réflective basse fréquence est un tissu armuré du type satin.
  • Le matériau formant chaque couche réflective haute fréquence est un tissu en fibres synthétique du type polyester.
  • La masse surfacique du rideau est comprise entre 1,5 et 2 kilogrammes par mètres carrés.
  • Les couches sont cousues entre-elles au niveau de leurs bords périphériques.
The noise barrier of the invention can also include the following optional characteristics considered in isolation or according to all the possible technical combinations:
  • The first absorption layer and the first respectively low frequency and high frequency reflective layers are made of flexible textile material.
  • The cushioning layer is made of flexible textile material.
  • The first absorption layer, the damping layer and the first respectively low frequency and high frequency reflective layers are made of flexible textile material.
  • The curtain comprises a second absorption layer contiguous to the damping layer and located on the side opposite to the first absorption layer, the succession of these three layers thus forming a mass-spring-mass assembly adapted to weaken the sound waves. .
  • The first low frequency reflective layer is disposed on one side of the mass-spring-mass assembly, and the first high-frequency reflective layer is disposed on the opposite side of the mass-spring-mass assembly, the first two reflective layers respectively. high frequency and low frequency being respectively contiguous with the first and second absorption layers.
  • The curtain comprises second respectively high frequency and low frequency reflective layers, the layers of the device being arranged successively in the following order: second low frequency reflective layer, first high frequency reflective layer, mass-spring-mass assembly, second high reflective layer frequency and low frequency reflective first layer.
  • Each high frequency reflective layer is waterproofed with a polymer coating, for example of the polyvinyl chloride type, deposited on one of the faces of the high frequency reflective layer considered.
  • The material forming each absorption layer is a fleece fabric of the cotton fleece type.
  • The cushioning layer is formed of a porous material of the cotton batting type.
  • The material forming each low frequency reflective layer is an armored fabric of the satin type.
  • The material forming each high frequency reflective layer is a polyester type synthetic fiber fabric.
  • The basis weight of the curtain is between 1.5 and 2 kilograms per square meter.
  • The layers are sewn together at their peripheral edges.

D'autres caractéristiques et avantages de l'invention ressortiront clairement de la description qui en est donnée ci-dessous, à titre indicatif et nullement limitatif, en référence aux figures annexées parmi lesquelles :

  • la figure 1 représente une vue en coupe du rideau antibruit composite selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 2 représente une vue en coupe du rideau antibruit composite selon un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 3 représente une vue en coupe du rideau antibruit composite selon un troisième mode de réalisation de l'invention ;
  • la figure 4 représente respectivement une courbe du niveau d'une onde sonore avant de traverser le rideau de la figure 3 et une courbe selon la norme ISO 16283-1 de l'indice d'affaiblissement acoustique de ce rideau en fonction de la fréquence de cette onde sonore ;
  • les figures 5a et 5b représentent des vues en coupe illustrant l'assemblage des couches entre-elles du rideau antibruit de la figure 1 au niveau respectivement du bord supérieur et de l'un des bords latéraux du rideau.
Other characteristics and advantages of the invention will emerge clearly from the description which is given below, by way of indication and in no way limiting, with reference to the appended figures, among which:
  • the figure 1 shows a sectional view of the composite noise barrier according to a first embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 2 shows a sectional view of the composite noise barrier according to a second embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 3 shows a sectional view of the composite noise barrier according to a third embodiment of the invention;
  • the figure 4 represents respectively a curve of the level of a sound wave before crossing the curtain of the figure 3 and a curve according to standard ISO 16283-1 of the sound reduction index of this curtain as a function of the frequency of this sound wave;
  • the figures 5a and 5b represent sectional views illustrating the assembly of the layers of the noise barrier of the figure 1 at the level of the upper edge and one of the side edges of the curtain, respectively.

Il est tout d'abord précisé que sur les figures, les mêmes références désignent les mêmes éléments quelle que soit la figure sur laquelle elles apparaissent et quelle que soit la forme de représentation de ces éléments. De même, si des éléments ne sont pas spécifiquement référencés sur l'une des figures, leurs références peuvent être aisément retrouvées en se reportant à une autre figure.It is first of all specified that in the figures, the same references designate the same elements whatever the figure in which they appear and whatever the form of representation of these elements. Likewise, if elements are not specifically referenced in one of the figures, their references can easily be found by referring to another figure.

Il est également précisé que les figures représentent essentiellement trois modes de réalisation de l'objet de l'invention mais qu'il peut exister d'autres modes de réalisation qui répondent à la définition de l'invention.It is also specified that the figures essentially represent three embodiments of the object of the invention but that there may be other embodiments which meet the definition of the invention.

Il existe des rideaux antibruit composites, généralement connus sous des dénominations telles que « rideau phonique » ou « rideau acoustique », très utilisés par les particuliers et les professionnels notamment pour isoler des pièces telles que les chambres à coucher ou les bureaux. Comme précisé précédemment, c'est la succession de couches lourdes assemblées entre-elles qui permet d'absorber une partie des ondes sonore par l'effet de masse des couches composant le rideau. Généralement, le matériau formant chaque couche d'un tel rideau « phonique ou acoustique » est un tissu molletonné en fibres naturelles ou synthétiques, ladite couche présentant une masse surfacique supérieure à 300 g/m2.There are composite noise reduction curtains, generally known under names such as “sound curtain” or “acoustic curtain”, widely used by individuals and professionals, in particular to insulate rooms such as bedrooms or offices. As specified previously, it is the succession of heavy layers assembled together which makes it possible to absorb part of the sound waves by the mass effect of the layers making up the curtain. Generally, the material forming each layer of such a "sound or acoustic ”is a fleece fabric of natural or synthetic fibers, said layer having a basis weight greater than 300 g / m 2 .

L'inventeur a développé un rideau antibruit composite 1a - 1c dont les propriétés d'isolation phonique ne reposent pas uniquement sur l'effet de masse du rideau 1a - 1c, ce qui permet notamment et avantageusement de considérablement réduire le poids de ce dernier sans compromettre l'indice d'affaiblissement acoustique pondéré Rw.The inventor has developed a composite noise barrier 1a - 1c, the sound insulation properties of which are not based solely on the mass effect of the curtain 1a - 1c, which makes it possible in particular and advantageously to considerably reduce the weight of the latter without compromise the weighted sound reduction index Rw.

A cet effet, le rideau antibruit 1a - 1c de l'invention comprend une succession de couches, assemblées entres-elles par exemple par des coutures 10, 11, 13 (figures 5a et 5b) comme cela sera précisé ultérieurement, et dont les propriétés acoustiques sont différentes et complémentaires.To this end, the noise barrier 1a - 1c of the invention comprises a succession of layers, assembled together for example by seams 10, 11, 13 ( figures 5a and 5b ) as will be specified later, and whose acoustic properties are different and complementary.

On précise dans un premier temps que les ondes sonores évoquées dans la présente description, et se propageant dans n'importe quel milieu matériel (solide, liquide ou gazeux), sont caractérisées par des fréquences audibles à l'oreille humaine, c'est-à-dire des fréquences comprises entre 20 hertz et 20 000 hertz. Dans la suite de la description, on qualifiera les ondes sonores dont la fréquence est inférieure à 300 hertz d'ondes sonores basse fréquence, tandis que les ondes sonores dont la fréquence est au moins égale à 300 hertz seront qualifiées d'ondes sonores haute fréquence.It should first be specified that the sound waves mentioned in the present description, and propagating in any material medium (solid, liquid or gaseous), are characterized by frequencies audible to the human ear, i.e. that is, frequencies between 20 hertz and 20,000 hertz. In the remainder of the description, sound waves whose frequency is less than 300 hertz will be called low frequency sound waves, while sound waves whose frequency is at least equal to 300 hertz will be called high frequency sound waves. .

Selon l'invention, le rideau antibruit 1a - 1c comprend au moins quatre couches différentes 2a, 3, 4a, 5a, à savoir une première couche d'absorption 2a, une couche d'amortissement 3, une première couche réflective basse fréquence 4a et une première couche réflective haute fréquence 5a, dont les caractéristiques techniques et les propriétés acoustiques vont être décrites ci-dessous.According to the invention, the noise barrier 1a - 1c comprises at least four different layers 2a, 3, 4a, 5a, namely a first absorption layer 2a, a damping layer 3, a first low frequency reflective layer 4a and a first high-frequency reflective layer 5a, the technical characteristics and acoustic properties of which will be described below.

La première couche d'absorption 2a est formée dans un matériau lourd, dont le grammage est supérieur à 300 g/m2, idéalement compris entre 350 g/m2 et 500 g/m2. Préférentiellement, le matériau lourd est un textile souple molletonné, par exemple du coton gratté. La première couche d'absorption 2a présente une épaisseur comprise entre 1 et 2 millimètres, préférentiellement de l'ordre de 1 millimètre.The first absorption layer 2a is formed from a heavy material, the basis weight of which is greater than 300 g / m 2 , ideally between 350 g / m 2 and 500 g / m 2 . Preferably, the heavy material is a soft fleece fabric, for example brushed cotton. The first absorption layer 2a has a thickness of between 1 and 2 millimeters, preferably of the order of 1 millimeter.

Par sa masse importante, la première couche d'absorption 2a absorbe une partie de l'énergie émise par les ondes sonores se propageant vers ladite couche 2a, ce qui permet de diminuer l'amplitude des ondes sonores traversant cette première couche d'absorption 2a et ce, quelle que soit leur fréquence.By its large mass, the first absorption layer 2a absorbs part of the energy emitted by the sound waves propagating towards said layer 2a, which makes it possible to reduce the amplitude of the sound waves passing through this first absorption layer 2a and this, whatever their frequency.

La couche d'amortissement 3 est contiguë à la première couche d'absorption 2a et comprend du gaz, préférentiellement un gaz inerte tel que l'air. Cette couche d'amortissement 3 est formée d'un matériau textile souple et léger dont le grammage est compris entre 100 g/m2 et 150 g/m2, et est préférentiellement de l'ordre de 120 g/m2. En outre, ce matériau est particulièrement poreux, de sorte que le gaz est uniformément distribué dans la couche d'amortissement 3. Ladite couche d'amortissement 3 présente une épaisseur comprise entre dix et quinze millimètres, préférentiellement de l'ordre de douze millimètres. De préférence, le matériau utilisé pour réaliser la couche d'amortissement 3 est de la laine minérale ou de la ouate, par exemple du coton ouaté.The damping layer 3 is contiguous to the first absorption layer 2a and comprises gas, preferably an inert gas such as air. This damping layer 3 is formed from a flexible and light textile material, the basis weight of which is between 100 g / m 2 and 150 g / m 2 , and is preferably of the order of 120 g / m 2 . In addition, this material is particularly porous, so that the gas is uniformly distributed in the damping layer 3. Said damping layer 3 has a thickness of between ten and fifteen millimeters, preferably of the order of twelve millimeters. Preferably, the material used to make the damping layer 3 is mineral wool or wadding, for example hoodie.

Le gaz contenu dans la ouate formant la couche d'amortissement 3 agit comme un ressort sur les ondes sonores se propageant dans cette couche 3. Il en résulte un amortissement des ondes sonores quelle que soit leur fréquence, diminuant ainsi l'amplitude des ondes sonores traversant la couche d'amortissement 3. Il est bien entendu que c'est le gaz contenu dans le matériau de la couche d'amortissement 3 qui permet d'amortir les ondes sonores. Une telle couche 3 formée uniquement de gaz présenterait ainsi les mêmes qualités d'amortissement des ondes sonores. Ce n'est donc pas la masse de cette couche 3 qui conditionne ses qualités d'amortissement.The gas contained in the wadding forming the damping layer 3 acts like a spring on the sound waves propagating in this layer 3. The result is a damping of the sound waves whatever their frequency, thus reducing the amplitude of the sound waves. passing through the damping layer 3. It is understood that it is the gas contained in the material of the damping layer 3 which makes it possible to damp the sound waves. Such a layer 3 formed only of gas would thus have the same qualities of damping sound waves. It is therefore not the mass of this layer 3 which conditions its damping qualities.

La première couche d'absorption 2a et la couche d'amortissement 3 étant contiguës, elles participent toutes les deux à diminuer l'amplitude des ondes sonores les traversant successivement, quelle que soit la fréquence des ondes sonores.The first absorption layer 2a and the damping layer 3 being contiguous, they both participate in reducing the amplitude of the sound waves passing through them successively, whatever the frequency of the sound waves.

La première couche réflective basse fréquence 4a est formée d'un matériau adapté pour réfléchir les ondes sonores basse fréquence, c'est-à-dire dont la fréquence est inférieure à 300 hertz. En d'autres termes, la majorité des ondes sonores ayant traversé cette première couche réflective 4a a une fréquence au moins égale à 300 hertz. Le matériau formant cette couche 4a est un textile souple, généralement un tissu armuré comme le satin ou un tissu à mailles serrées comme le velours. Ce tissu, qu'il soit armuré ou à mailles serrées, peut-être en fibres naturelles ou synthétiques, et est préférentiellement en polyester. Il présente en outre l'avantage d'être opacifiant. C'est le matériau formant la couche réflective basse fréquence 4a qui assure à cette dernière ses qualités de réflexion des ondes sonores dont la fréquence est inférieure à 300 Hz.The first low-frequency reflective layer 4a is formed from a material suitable for reflecting low-frequency sound waves, that is to say the frequency of which is less than 300 hertz. In other words, the majority of sound waves that have passed through this first reflective layer 4a have a frequency at least equal to 300 hertz. The material forming this layer 4a is a flexible textile, usually a woven fabric like satin or a close knit fabric like velvet. This fabric, whether it is armored or close-knit, may be in natural or synthetic fibers, and is preferably in polyester. It also has the advantage of being opacifying. It is the material forming the low-frequency reflective layer 4a which provides the latter with its qualities of reflection of sound waves whose frequency is less than 300 Hz.

La première couche réflective basse fréquence 4a présente un grammage compris préférentiellement entre 150 g/m2 et 350 g/m2, et est encore préférentiellement de l'ordre de 250 g/m2. L'épaisseur de cette couche est comprise entre 0,5 et 1,5 millimètres, et est préférentiellement de l'ordre du millimètre.The first low-frequency reflective layer 4a has a basis weight of preferably between 150 g / m 2 and 350 g / m 2 , and is still preferably of the order of 250 g / m 2 . The thickness of this layer is between 0.5 and 1.5 millimeters, and is preferably of the order of one millimeter.

Enfin, la première couche réflective haute fréquence 5a est formée d'un matériau adapté pour réfléchir les ondes sonores haute fréquence, c'est-à-dire dont la fréquence est au moins égale à 300 hertz. En d'autres termes, la majorité des ondes sonores ayant traversé cette première couche réflective 5a a une fréquence inférieure à 300 hertz. Le matériau formant cette couche 5a est un tissu souple et étanche en fibres synthétiques, comme le polyester ou le polychlorure de vinyle. Les propriétés d'étanchéité de la première couche haute fréquence 5a lui permettent ainsi de réfléchir les ondes hautes fréquence. C'est le matériau formant la couche réflective haute fréquence 5a qui assure à cette dernière ses qualités de réflexion des ondes sonores dont la fréquence est au moins égale à 300 Hz.Finally, the first high-frequency reflective layer 5a is formed from a material suitable for reflecting high-frequency sound waves, that is to say whose frequency is at least equal to 300 hertz. In other words, the majority of sound waves that have passed through this first reflective layer 5a have a frequency lower than 300 hertz. The material forming this layer 5a is a flexible and waterproof fabric made of synthetic fibers, such as polyester or polyvinyl chloride. The sealing properties of the first high frequency layer 5a thus allow it to reflect high frequency waves. It is the material forming the high-frequency reflective layer 5a which provides the latter with its qualities of reflection of sound waves, the frequency of which is at least equal to 300 Hz.

La première couche réflective haute fréquence 5a présente un grammage préférentiellement de l'ordre de 150 g/m2, et son épaisseur est comprise entre 0,2 et 0,5 millimètres, préférentiellement de l'ordre de 0,3 millimètres.The first high-frequency reflective layer 5a has a basis weight preferably of the order of 150 g / m 2 , and its thickness is between 0.2 and 0.5 millimeters, preferably of the order of 0.3 millimeters.

Le rideau antibruit 1a - 1c comprend donc deux premières couches réflectives respectivement basse fréquence 4a et haute fréquence 5a, ce qui procure l'avantage d'améliorer l'atténuation du son traversant le rideau 1a - 1c par rapport à un rideau qui comprendrait une couche d'absorption 2a, une couche d'amortissement 3 et une unique couche réflective d'ondes sonores dont les fréquences sont représentatives de l'ensemble du spectre sonore audible, c'est-à-dire de 20 Hz à 20000 Hz.The noise barrier 1a - 1c therefore comprises two first reflective layers, respectively low frequency 4a and high frequency 5a, which provides the advantage of improving the attenuation of the sound passing through the curtain 1a - 1c compared to a curtain which would include a layer absorption 2a, a damping layer 3 and a single reflective layer of sound waves whose frequencies are representative of the entire audible sound spectrum, that is to say from 20 Hz to 20,000 Hz.

Au final, les ondes sonores percutant le rideau antibruit 1a - 1c de l'invention sont :

  • Réfléchies en partie par les premières couches réflectives respectivement basse fréquence 4a et haute fréquence 5a, ce qui a pour effet de filtrer en fréquence les ondes sonores,
  • Affaiblies en amplitude par la première couche d'absorption 2a et la couche amortissante 3.
In the end, the sound waves striking the noise barrier 1a - 1c of the invention are:
  • Partly reflected by the first reflective layers respectively low frequency 4a and high frequency 5a, which has the effect of frequency filtering the sound waves,
  • Weakened in amplitude by the first absorption layer 2a and the damping layer 3.

Il en résulte que les ondes sonores résiduelles ayant traversée le rideau 1a - 1c sont affaiblies, le rideau antibruit 1a - 1c présentant typiquement un indice d'affaiblissement pondéré Rw au moins égal à 8 décibels.As a result, the residual sound waves which have passed through the curtain 1a - 1c are weakened, the noise barrier 1a - 1c typically exhibiting a weighted attenuation index Rw of at least 8 decibels.

En référence à la figure 1, le rideau antibruit 1a de l'invention dans le premier mode de réalisation comprend quatre couches successivement assemblées entre-elles selon l'ordre suivant : première couche réflective haute fréquence 5a, première couche d'absorption 2a, couche d'amortissement 3, et première couche réflective basse fréquence 4a.With reference to the figure 1 , the noise barrier 1a of the invention in the first embodiment comprises four layers successively assembled together in the following order: first high-frequency reflective layer 5a, first absorption layer 2a, damping layer 3, and first low frequency reflective layer 4a.

De manière alternative et non représentée, il est envisageable de modifier l'ordre d'assemblage des couches du rideau 1a, tant que la première couche d'absorption 2a et la couche d'amortissement 3 sont contiguës.Alternatively and not shown, it is conceivable to modify the order of assembly of the layers of the curtain 1a, as long as the first absorption layer 2a and the damping layer 3 are contiguous.

La première couche d'absorption 2a est formée de coton molletonné gratté sur les deux faces, et présente une épaisseur d'environ 1 millimètre et un grammage compris entre 350 g/m2 et 500 g/m2, conformément à la description ci-dessus.The first absorption layer 2a is formed of cotton fleece brushed on both sides, and has a thickness of about 1 millimeter and a basis weight of between 350 g / m 2 and 500 g / m 2 , as described above. above.

La couche d'amortissement 3 est formée d'ouate de coton et présente une épaisseur d'environ 12 millimètres et un grammage d'environ 120 g/m2, conformément à la description ci-dessus.The cushioning layer 3 is formed from cotton wadding and has a thickness of about 12 millimeters and a basis weight of about 120 g / m 2 , in accordance with the description above.

La première couche réflective haute fréquence 5a est formée d'un tissu polyester imperméabilisé par un enduit de polychlorure de vinyle et présente une épaisseur d'environ 0,3 millimètres et un grammage d'environ 135 g/m2, conformément à la description ci-dessus. On utilisera dans la suite de la description le terme PES enduit pour définir ce tissu.The first high-frequency reflective layer 5a is formed of a polyester fabric waterproofed with a polyvinyl chloride coating and has a thickness of about 0.3 millimeters and a basis weight of about 135 g / m 2 , in accordance with the description below. -above. The term coated PES will be used in the remainder of the description to define this fabric.

La première couche réflective basse fréquence 4a est formée de satin de polyester opacifiant et présente une épaisseur d'environ 1 millimètre et un grammage d'environ 260 g/m2, conformément à la description ci-dessus.The first low-frequency reflective layer 4a is formed of opacifying polyester satin and has a thickness of about 1 millimeter and a basis weight of about 260 g / m 2 , in accordance with the description above.

Le satin étant d'un aspect visuel et d'un toucher plus agréable que le PES enduit, la première couche réflective basse fréquence 4a est la couche externe visible. La première couche réflective haute fréquence 5a est donc située en vis-à-vis de la porte ou de la fenêtre et est la couche qui reçoit en premier les ondes sonores incidentes.The satin being of a visual appearance and a more pleasant feel than the coated PES, the first low-frequency reflective layer 4a is the visible outer layer. The first high-frequency reflective layer 5a is therefore located opposite the door or the window and is the layer which first receives the incident sound waves.

Ainsi, les ondes sonores percutant le rideau 1a sont d'abord filtrées par la première couche réflective haute fréquence 5a de sorte qu'une portion significative des ondes sonore de fréquence supérieure ou égale à 300 Hz soient réfléchies. Les ondes sonores transmises dans le rideau 1a sont alors affaiblies en amplitude par la première couche d'absorption 2a puis par la couche d'amortissement 3. Enfin, une portion significative des ondes sonores résiduelles dont la fréquence est inférieure à 300 Hz sont réfléchies dans le rideau 1a contre la première couche réflective basse fréquence 4a.Thus, the sound waves striking the curtain 1a are first filtered by the first high-frequency reflective layer 5a so that a significant portion of the sound waves with a frequency greater than or equal to 300 Hz are reflected. The sound waves transmitted in the curtain 1a are then weakened in amplitude by the first absorption layer 2a then by the damping layer 3. Finally, a significant portion of the residual sound waves whose frequency is less than 300 Hz are reflected in the curtain 1a against the first low-frequency reflective layer 4a.

Le rideau 1a présente ainsi un grammage de 0,875 g/m2 et un indice d'affaiblissement pondéré Rw de 8 décibels. Ce rideau 1a constitue ainsi une solution procurant une isolation phonique satisfaisante pour un poids bien inférieur aux rideaux acoustiques connus. En outre, ce premier mode de réalisation du rideau antibruit est le plus léger de tous.The curtain 1a thus has a basis weight of 0.875 g / m 2 and a weighted attenuation index Rw of 8 decibels. This curtain 1a thus constitutes a solution providing satisfactory sound insulation for a weight much lower than known sound curtains. In addition, this first embodiment of the noise barrier is the lightest of all.

En référence aux figures 5a et 5b, l'assemblage des couches du rideau 1a est réalisé au niveau des bords supérieur 8 et latéraux 9 du rideau 1a. Dans la suite de la description, on nommera bord supérieur 8 le bord du rideau 1a destiné à être accroché, et bord inférieur le bord du rideau destiné à être au ras du sol, voire au contact du sol de la pièce.With reference to figures 5a and 5b , the assembly of the layers of the curtain 1a is carried out at the level of the upper 8 and side 9 edges of the curtain 1a. In the remainder of the description, the upper edge 8 will be called the edge of the curtain 1a intended to be hung, and the lower edge the edge of the curtain intended to be flush with the floor, or even in contact with the floor of the room.

Comme représenté sur la figure 5a, la couche en satin 4a étant plus longue que les autres couches du rideau 1a, elle est rabattue sur la couche en PES enduit 5a au niveau du bord supérieur 8 pour former un second ourlet enfermant la première couche d'absorption 2a et la couche d'amortissement 3. En outre, une ruflette 12 est disposée transversalement sur la couche en PES enduit 5a, au voisinage du bord supérieur 8 du rideau 1a pour former un moyen d'accrochage dudit rideau 1a au mur.As shown on figure 5a , the satin layer 4a being longer than the other layers of the curtain 1a, it is folded over the coated PES layer 5a at the upper edge 8 to form a second hem enclosing the first absorption layer 2a and the layer d 'damping 3. In addition, a ruflette 12 is disposed transversely on the coated PES layer 5a, at the vicinity of the upper edge 8 of the curtain 1a to form a means for attaching said curtain 1a to the wall.

Les quatre couches 2a, 3, 4a, 5a et la ruflette 12 sont alors assemblées par des deuxième couture transversale 11a et 11b, la couture 11a étant située à une distance d'environ 7 à 10 centimètres du bord supérieur 8.The four layers 2a, 3, 4a, 5a and the ruflette 12 are then assembled by second transverse seams 11a and 11b, the seam 11a being located at a distance of approximately 7 to 10 centimeters from the upper edge 8.

Pour terminer l'assemblage des couches du rideau au niveau des bords latéraux 9 et en référence à la figure 5c, les deux couches respectivement en satin 4a et en PES enduit 5a, qui sont plus larges que la première couche d'absorption 2a et la couche d'amortissement 3, sont rabattues à l'intérieur du rideau 1a entre la première couche d'absorption 2a et la couche d'amortissement 3. Les couches sont alors assemblées entre-elles au voisinage de chaque bord latéral 9 par une couture longitudinale 13 située à environ 1,5 centimètre du bord latéral considéré 9.To complete the assembly of the layers of the curtain at the level of the side edges 9 and with reference to the figure 5c , the two layers respectively of satin 4a and coated PES 5a, which are wider than the first absorption layer 2a and the damping layer 3, are folded inside the curtain 1a between the first absorption layer 2a and the damping layer 3. The layers are then assembled together in the vicinity of each side edge 9 by a longitudinal seam 13 located approximately 1.5 centimeters from the side edge in question 9.

Enfin, les couches 2a, 3, 4a, 5a du rideau 1a ne sont pas assemblées au niveau de son bord inférieur. Cela permet à l'air de circuler entre les couches 2a, 3, 4a, 5a pour empêcher la dégradation du rideau 1a, principalement à cause de l'humidité de l'air ambiant.Finally, the layers 2a, 3, 4a, 5a of the curtain 1a are not assembled at its lower edge. This allows air to circulate between the layers 2a, 3, 4a, 5a to prevent degradation of the curtain 1a, mainly due to the humidity of the ambient air.

Optionnellement, comme représenté sur la figure 5b, au moins une bande de velcro 14 est disposée contre la couche de tissus en PES enduit 5a et assemblée au rideau au moyen de la couture longitudinale 13. Ces bandes velcro 14 sont adaptées pour interagir avec des bandes complémentaires solidarisées au mur, et permettent de plaquer le rideau 1a contre le mur pour améliorer encore l'isolation phonique. Il est bien entendu que tout moyen connu de liaison des bords latéraux 9 du rideau 1a au mur peut être utilisé.Optionally, as shown in the figure 5b , at least one velcro strip 14 is placed against the layer of coated PES fabrics 5a and assembled to the curtain by means of the longitudinal seam 13. These velcro strips 14 are adapted to interact with complementary strips secured to the wall, and make it possible to place the curtain 1a against the wall to further improve the sound insulation. It is understood that any known means of connecting the side edges 9 of the curtain 1a to the wall can be used.

En référence à la figure 2, le rideau antibruit 1b de l'invention dans le deuxième mode de réalisation comprend cinq couches successivement assemblées entre-elles selon l'ordre suivant : première couche réflective haute fréquence 5a, première couche d'absorption 2a, couche d'amortissement 3, seconde couche d'absorption 2b et première couche réflective basse fréquence 4a.With reference to the figure 2 , the noise barrier 1b of the invention in the second embodiment comprises five layers successively assembled together in the following order: first high-frequency reflective layer 5a, first absorption layer 2a, damping layer 3, second absorption layer 2b and first low-frequency reflective layer 4a.

Les première et seconde couches d'absorption 2a, 2b sont formées de coton molletonné gratté sur les deux faces et présentent chacune une épaisseur d'environ 1 millimètre et un grammage compris entre 350 g/m2 et 500 g/m2, conformément à la description ci-dessus.The first and second absorption layers 2a, 2b are formed from cotton fleece brushed on both sides and each have a thickness of approximately 1 millimeter and a basis weight of between 350 g / m 2 and 500 g / m 2 , in accordance with the description above.

La couche d'amortissement 3 et les premières couches réflectives respectivement basse et haute fréquence 4a, 5a sont telles que décrites ci-dessus en référence à la figure 1.The damping layer 3 and the first respectively low and high frequency reflective layers 4a, 5a are as described above with reference to figure 1 .

La succession dans cet ordre de la première couche d'absorption 2a, de la couche d'amortissement 3 et de la seconde couche d'absorption 2b forme un ensemble masse-ressort-masse qui procure des capacités d'absorption et d'amortissement des ondes sonores supérieures à celles procurées par un ensemble constitué simplement d'une succession de couches lourdes.The succession in this order of the first absorption layer 2a, of the damping layer 3 and of the second absorption layer 2b forms a mass-spring-mass assembly which provides absorption and damping capacities. sound waves greater than those produced by an assembly consisting simply of a succession of heavy layers.

Enfin, l'assemblage des couches du rideau 1b est réalisé de la même façon que pour le rideau 1a. On précise néanmoins que les deux couches respectivement en satin 4a et en PES enduit 5a sont rabattues à l'intérieur du rideau 1b entre la première couche d'absorption 2a et la couche d'amortissement 3.Finally, the assembly of the layers of the curtain 1b is carried out in the same way as for the curtain 1a. It is nevertheless specified that the two layers respectively of satin 4a and of coated PES 5a are folded inside the curtain 1b between the first absorption layer 2a and the damping layer 3.

Ainsi, les ondes sonores percutant le rideau 1b sont d'abord filtrées par la première couche réflective haute fréquence 5a de sorte qu'une portion significative des ondes sonore de fréquence supérieure ou égale à 300 Hz soient réfléchies. Les ondes sonores transmises dans le rideau 1a sont alors affaiblies en amplitude par l'ensemble masse-ressort-masse formé par la première couche d'absorption 2a, la couche d'amortissement 3 puis par la seconde couche d'amortissement 2b. Enfin, une portion significative des ondes sonores résiduelles dont la fréquence est inférieure à 300 Hz sont réfléchies dans le rideau 1a contre la première couche réflective basse fréquence 4a.Thus, the sound waves striking the curtain 1b are first filtered by the first high-frequency reflective layer 5a so that a significant portion of the sound waves with a frequency greater than or equal to 300 Hz are reflected. The sound waves transmitted in the curtain 1a are then weakened in amplitude by the mass-spring-mass assembly formed by the first absorption layer 2a, the damping layer 3 then by the second damping layer 2b. Finally, a significant portion of the residual sound waves whose frequency is less than 300 Hz are reflected in the curtain 1a against the first low-frequency reflective layer 4a.

Le rideau 1b présente ainsi un grammage de 1,235 g/m2 et un indice d'affaiblissement pondéré Rw de 12 décibels. Ce rideau 1b constitue ainsi une solution procurant une isolation phonique satisfaisante pour un poids inférieur aux rideaux acoustiques connus. En outre, bien que plus lourd que le rideau 1a du premier mode de réalisation (mais restant néanmoins plus léger que les rideaux de l'art antérieur), il procure un indice d'affaiblissement pondéré Rw supérieur.The curtain 1b thus has a basis weight of 1.235 g / m 2 and a weighted attenuation index Rw of 12 decibels. This curtain 1b thus constitutes a solution providing satisfactory sound insulation for a lower weight than known sound curtains. In addition, although heavier than the curtain 1a of the first embodiment (but nevertheless remaining lighter than the curtains of the prior art), it provides a higher weighted attenuation index Rw.

En référence à la figure 3, le rideau antibruit 1c de l'invention dans le troisième mode de réalisation comprend deux couches 4b, 5b de plus que le rideau 1b selon le deuxième mode de réalisation. Ces deux couches supplémentaires sont des secondes couches réflectives respectivement basse fréquence 4b et haute fréquence 5b, identiques aux premières couches réflectives respectivement basse fréquence 4a et haute fréquence 5a.With reference to the figure 3 , the noise barrier 1c of the invention in the third embodiment comprises two layers 4b, 5b more than the curtain 1b according to the second embodiment. These two additional layers are second respectively low frequency 4b and high frequency 5b reflective layers, identical to the first respectively low frequency 4a and high frequency 5a reflective layers.

Ces sept couches du rideau 1c sont successivement assemblées entre-elles selon l'ordre suivant : seconde couche réflective basse fréquence 4b, première couche réflective haute fréquence 5a, première couche d'absorption 2a, couche d'amortissement 3, seconde couche d'absorption 2b, seconde couche réflective haute fréquence 5b et première couche réflective basse fréquence 4a.These seven layers of the curtain 1c are successively assembled together in the following order: second low-frequency reflective layer 4b, first high-frequency reflective layer 5a, first absorption layer 2a, damping layer 3, second absorption layer 2b, second high frequency reflective layer 5b and first low frequency reflective layer 4a.

Les première et seconde couches d'absorption 2a, 2b ainsi que la couche d'amortissement 3, formant l'ensemble masse-ressort-masse du rideau 1c, sont telles que décrites ci-dessus en référence à la figure 2. Les première et seconde couches réflectives basse fréquence 4a, 4b, ainsi que les première et seconde couches réflectives haute fréquence 5a, 5b, sont également telles que décrites ci-dessus en référence à la figure 2.The first and second absorption layers 2a, 2b as well as the damping layer 3, forming the mass-spring-mass assembly of the curtain 1c, are as described above with reference to figure 2 . The first and second low frequency reflective layers 4a, 4b, as well as the first and second high frequency reflective layers 5a, 5b, are also as described above with reference to figure 2 .

Enfin, l'assemblage des couches du rideau 1c est réalisé de la même façon que pour le rideau 1a et le rideau 1b. On précise néanmoins que les deux couches en satin 4a et 4b sont rabattues à l'intérieur du rideau 1b au niveau des bords latéraux 9 entre la première couche d'absorption 2a et la couche d'amortissement 3. En outre, l'une des deux couches en satin 4a ou 4b est rabattue sur l'autre couche en satin 4a ou 4b pour former l'ourlet au niveau du bord supérieur 8.Finally, the assembly of the layers of the curtain 1c is carried out in the same way as for the curtain 1a and the curtain 1b. It is nevertheless specified that the two satin layers 4a and 4b are folded inside the curtain 1b at the level of the lateral edges 9 between the first absorption layer 2a and the damping layer 3. In addition, one of the two satin layers 4a or 4b is folded over the other satin layer 4a or 4b to form the hem at the top edge 8.

Ainsi, les ondes sonores percutant le rideau 1c sont d'abord filtrées par la seconde couche réflective basse fréquence 4b de sorte qu'une portion significative des ondes sonore de fréquence inférieure à 300 Hz soient réfléchies, puis une portion significative des ondes sonores transmises dans cette couche 5a et dont la fréquence est supérieure ou égale à 300 Hz se réfléchissent sur la première couche haute fréquence 5a. Les ondes sonores résiduelles transmises dans le rideau 1c sont alors affaiblies en amplitude par l'ensemble masse-ressort-masse formé par la première couche d'absorption 2a, la couche d'amortissement 3 puis par la seconde couche d'amortissement 2b. Ensuite, une portion significative des ondes sonores résiduelles ayant traversé l'ensemble masse-ressort-masse et dont la fréquence est supérieure ou égale à 300 Hz se réfléchissent dans le rideau 1c contre la seconde couche haute fréquence 5b. Enfin, une portion significative des ondes sonores ayant traversé cette couche 5b et dont la fréquence est inférieure à 300 Hz, se réfléchissent dans le rideau 1c contre la première couche basse fréquence 4a.Thus, the sound waves striking the curtain 1c are first filtered by the second low-frequency reflective layer 4b so that a significant portion of the sound waves with a frequency below 300 Hz are reflected, then a significant portion of the sound waves transmitted in this layer 5a and whose frequency is greater than or equal to 300 Hz are reflected on the first high-frequency layer 5a. The residual sound waves transmitted in the curtain 1c are then weakened in amplitude by the mass-spring-mass assembly formed by the first absorption layer 2a, the damping layer 3 then by the second damping layer 2b. Then, a significant portion of the residual sound waves that have passed through the mass-spring-mass assembly and whose frequency is greater than or equal to 300 Hz are reflected in the curtain 1c against the second high frequency layer 5b. Finally, a significant portion of the sound waves which have passed through this layer 5b and whose frequency is less than 300 Hz are reflected in the curtain 1c against the first low frequency layer 4a.

Le rideau 1c présente ainsi un grammage de 1,63 g/m2 et un indice d'affaiblissement pondéré Rw de 12 décibels. Ce rideau 1c constitue ainsi une solution procurant une isolation phonique satisfaisante pour un poids inférieur aux rideaux acoustiques connus.The curtain 1c thus has a basis weight of 1.63 g / m 2 and a weighted attenuation index Rw of 12 decibels. This curtain 1c thus constitutes a solution providing satisfactory sound insulation for a lower weight than known sound curtains.

En référence à la figure 4, la courbe 15 représente le niveau sonore des ondes n'ayant pas encore traversé le rideau 1c en fonction de leur fréquence d'émission, et la courbe 16 représente l'indice d'affaiblissement acoustique R du rideau 1c en fonction de la fréquence d'émission des ondes sonores. Il est bien connu que l'indice d'affaiblissement acoustique R du rideau 1c (et de manière générale de tout matériau) dépend de la fréquence d'émission des ondes sonores, l'indice d'affaiblissement R étant d'autant plus grand que la fréquence d'émission des ondes sonores est élevée.With reference to the figure 4 , curve 15 represents the sound level of waves that have not yet passed through curtain 1c as a function of their emission frequency, and curve 16 represents the sound reduction index R of curtain 1c as a function of frequency d emission of sound waves. It is well known that the sound reduction index R of the curtain 1c (and in general of any material) depends on the frequency of emission of the sound waves, the reduction index R being all the greater as the frequency of emission of sound waves is high.

A partir de cette courbe 16 d'indice d'affaiblissement R dépendant de la fréquence, l'indice d'affaiblissement pondéré Rw est calculé conformément à la norme ISO 16283-1, cet indice pondéré Rw étant indépendant de la fréquence des ondes sonores. Comme précisé dans la description ci-dessus, l'indice d'affaiblissement pondéré Rw du rideau 1c est de 12 décibels.From this curve 16 of frequency-dependent attenuation index R, the weighted attenuation index Rw is calculated in accordance with standard ISO 16283-1, this weighted index Rw being independent of the frequency of the sound waves. As specified in the description above, the weighted attenuation index Rw of the curtain 1c is 12 decibels.

Un tableau résumant les résultats d'un test normalisé d'affaiblissement acoustique réalisé pour neuf rideaux acoustiques différents est présenté ci-dessous. Les rideaux 1a - 1c des tests VII à IX représentent les trois modes de réalisation de l'invention qui ont été décrits précédemment. Tableau 1 : tests normalisés d'affaiblissement acoustique N° Invention ou non Rideau Grammage en g/m2 Rw en dB I Non-invention M-O-M 0,840 3 II Non-invention S-M-O-M-S 1,36 3 III Non-invention PES-M-O-M-PES 1,10 2 IV Non-invention S-M-PVC-M-PVC-M-V 2,37 5 V Invention V-PVC-M-O-M-O-M-PVC-V 3,03 10 VI Invention S-PVC-M-O-M-PVC-S 1,68 10 VII Invention S-M-O-PES 0,875 8 VIII Invention S-M-O-M-PES 1,235 12 IX Invention S-PES-M-O-M-PES-S 1,63 12 A table summarizing the results of a standardized sound reduction test carried out for nine different sound curtains is presented below. The curtains 1a - 1c of tests VII to IX represent the three embodiments of the invention which have been described previously. Table 1: standardized sound reduction tests No. Invention or not Curtain Weight in g / m 2 Rw in dB I Non-invention MOM 0.840 3 II Non-invention SMOMS 1.36 3 III Non-invention PES-MOM-PES 1.10 2 IV Non-invention SM-PVC-M-PVC-MV 2.37 5 V Invention V-PVC-MOMOM-PVC-V 3.03 10 VI Invention S-PVC-MOM-PVC-S 1.68 10 VII Invention SMO-PES 0.875 8 VIII Invention SMOM-PES 1.235 12 IX Invention S-PES-MOM-PES-S 1.63 12

Les légendes utilisées dans le tableau correspondent aux matériaux suivants :

  • M pour molleton, formant la première couche d'absorption 2a et éventuellement des deuxième 2b et troisième couches d'absorption pour les rideaux I à VI, VIII et IX.
  • O pour ouate, formant la couche d'amortissement 3.
  • La succession des matériaux M-O-M forme l'ensemble masse-ressort-masse qui affaiblit les ondes sonores le traversant.
  • S pour satin, formant la première couche réflective basse fréquence 4a et éventuellement une deuxième couche réflective basse fréquence 4b pour les rideaux II, IV et VI à IX.
  • V pour velours, formant la première couche réflective basse fréquence et éventuellement une deuxième couche réflective basse fréquence pour les rideaux IV et V.
  • PVC pour tissu de polychlorure de vinyle, formant la première couche réflective haute fréquence et éventuellement une deuxième couche réflective haute fréquence pour les rideaux IV à VI.
  • PES pour tissu de polyester enduit sur l'une de ses faces d'un revêtement en polychlorure de vinyle, formant la première couche réflective haute fréquence 5a et éventuellement une deuxième couche réflective haute fréquence 5b pour les rideaux III et VII à IX. Le tissu PES enduit possède la particularité d'être plus étanche que le tissu PVC.
The legends used in the table correspond to the following materials:
  • M for fleece, forming the first absorption layer 2a and possibly the second 2b and third absorption layers for the curtains I to VI, VIII and IX.
  • O for wadding, forming the cushioning layer 3.
  • The succession of MOM materials forms the mass-spring-mass assembly which weakens the sound waves passing through it.
  • S for satin, forming the first low-frequency reflective layer 4a and possibly a second low-frequency reflective layer 4b for the curtains II, IV and VI to IX.
  • V for velor, forming the first low-frequency reflective layer and possibly a second low-frequency reflective layer for the IV and V curtains.
  • PVC for polyvinyl chloride fabric, forming the first high frequency reflective layer and possibly a second high frequency reflective layer for curtains IV to VI.
  • PES for polyester fabric coated on one of its faces with a polyvinyl chloride coating, forming the first high frequency reflective layer 5a and optionally a second high frequency reflective layer 5b for the curtains III and VII to IX. The coated PES fabric has the particularity of being more waterproof than the PVC fabric.

Ce tableau nous montre clairement que l'association de certains tissus, judicieusement choisis pour leurs propriétés acoustiques, offre des indices d'affaiblissement pondérés Rw optimisés pour le rideau 1a - 1c de l'invention.This table clearly shows us that the combination of certain fabrics, judiciously chosen for their acoustic properties, offers weighted attenuation indices Rw optimized for the curtain 1a - 1c of the invention.

En particulier, les tests démontrent clairement la nécessité d'incorporer les premières couches réflectives respectivement basse fréquence 4a et haute fréquence 5a. En effet, le test I sur un rideau qui ne comprend pas de couche réflective, et les tests II et III sur des rideaux qui comprennent chacun deux couches réflectives de même nature (basse fréquence pour le rideau II, haute fréquence pour le rideau III), ne sont pas en mesure de filtrer l'ensemble du spectre de fréquences audibles, ce qui conduit in fine à de mauvais indices d'affaiblissement pondérés Rw.In particular, the tests clearly demonstrate the need to incorporate the first respectively low-frequency 4a and high-frequency 5a reflective layers. Indeed, test I on a curtain which does not include a reflective layer, and tests II and III on curtains which each include two reflective layers of the same nature (low frequency for curtain II, high frequency for curtain III) , are not able to filter the entire audible frequency spectrum, which ultimately leads to poor weighted attenuation indices Rw.

Le test IV démontre en outre clairement la nécessité d'incorporer dans le rideau associé une couche d'amortissement 3 contiguë à la première couche d'absorption 2a, la combinaison de ces deux couches 2a et 3 améliorant substantiellement l'affaiblissement des ondes sonores traversant le rideau.Test IV further clearly demonstrates the need to incorporate in the associated curtain a damping layer 3 contiguous to the first absorption layer 2a, the combination of these two layers 2a and 3 substantially improving the attenuation of the sound waves passing through. the curtain.

De plus, une comparaison des tests VII et VIII démontre que l'ajout d'une seconde couche d'absorption 2b de molleton au rideau 1a, 1b améliorent l'indice d'affaiblissement pondéré Rw dudit rideau 1b testé en VIII. La raison est que la succession de la première couche d'absorption 2a, de la couche d'amortissement 3 et de la deuxième couche d'absorption 2b dans cette ordre forme l'ensemble masse-ressort-masse qui procure des capacités d'absorption et d'amortissement des ondes sonores supérieures à celles procurées par un ensemble constitué simplement d'une succession de couches lourdes.Furthermore, a comparison of tests VII and VIII demonstrates that the addition of a second absorption layer 2b of fleece to the curtain 1a, 1b improves the weighted weakening index Rw of said curtain 1b tested in VIII. The reason is that the succession of the first absorption layer 2a, of the damping layer 3 and of the second absorption layer 2b in this order forms the mass-spring-mass assembly which provides absorption capacities. and damping sound waves greater than those provided by an assembly consisting simply of a succession of heavy layers.

En outre, une comparaison entre les tests VI et IX montre que le PES enduit est plus efficace que le PVC, car le tissu PES enduit d'un revêtement en polychlorure de vinyle est plus imperméable que le tissu PVC. Cette meilleure imperméabilité est due à une meilleure ténacité du PES enduit, c'est-à-dire une plus grande élasticité du tissage. Par conséquent, le PES enduit réfléchit mieux les ondes sonores haute fréquence.Furthermore, a comparison between tests VI and IX shows that coated PES is more effective than PVC, because PES fabric coated with polyvinyl chloride coating is more waterproof than PVC fabric. This better impermeability is due to a better tenacity of the coated PES, that is to say a greater elasticity of the weaving. Therefore, the coated PES better reflects high frequency sound waves.

De plus, une comparaison entre les tests V et VI montre que le satin est plus efficace que le velours pour réfléchir les ondes sonores basse fréquence, car le satin est moins poreux que le velours. En outre, cette comparaison montre que l'indice d'affaiblissement pondéré Rw est le même alors qu'il y a une réduction importante du grammage du rideau objet du test VI.In addition, a comparison between tests V and VI shows that satin is more effective than velor at reflecting low frequency sound waves, because satin is less porous than velvet. In addition, this comparison shows that the weighted attenuation index Rw is the same while there is a significant reduction in the basis weight of the curtain object of test VI.

Enfin, une comparaison entre les tests V et IX montre à la fois une amélioration de l'indice d'affaiblissement Rw et une nette diminution du grammage, et donc du poids, du rideau objet du test IX. Cela démontre clairement que l'augmentation de l'indice d'affaiblissement acoustique Rw du rideau de l'invention, et donc l'amélioration des propriétés d'isolation phonique de ce rideau, est indépendante du grammage, et donc du poids du rideau de l'invention.Finally, a comparison between tests V and IX shows both an improvement in the weakening index Rw and a marked reduction in the basis weight, and therefore in the weight, of the curtain object of test IX. This clearly demonstrates that the increase in the sound reduction index Rw of the curtain of the invention, and therefore the improvement in the sound insulation properties of this curtain, is independent of the basis weight, and therefore of the weight of the curtain of invention.

Le rideau antibruit 1a - 1c de l'invention offre donc une solution d'isolation phonique pratique et efficace. En effet, grâce aux propriétés acoustiques complémentaires des couches qui le compose, l'affaiblissement des ondes sonores traversant le rideau 1a - 1c ne repose pas uniquement sur l'effet de masse, mais sur la réflexion des ondes sonores due à la nature des matériaux formant les couches réflectives considérées 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b et sur l'effet masse-ressort-masse qui procurent un taux d'affaiblissement pondéré Rw supérieur ou égal à 8 dB, et même supérieur à 10 dB pour les rideau 1b et 1c. En outre, puisque le grammage et l'épaisseur des couches réflectives 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b est particulièrement faible, il est beaucoup plus simple de limiter le poids du rideau 1a - 1c de l'invention, ce qui facilite son installation. Enfin, le rideau antibruit 1a - 1c dispose de propriétés d'isolation thermiques intéressantes, ce qui constitue un autre avantage de l'invention.The noise barrier 1a - 1c of the invention therefore offers a practical and effective soundproofing solution. Indeed, thanks to the complementary acoustic properties of the layers which compose it, the weakening of the sound waves crossing the curtain 1a - 1c is not based only on the mass effect, but on the reflection of the sound waves due to the nature of the materials. forming the reflective layers considered 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b and on the mass-spring-mass effect which provide a weighted attenuation rate Rw greater than or equal to 8 dB, and even greater than 10 dB for curtains 1b and 1c . In addition, since the basis weight and the thickness of the reflective layers 4a, 4b, 5a, 5b are particularly low, it is much simpler to limit the weight of the curtain 1a - 1c of the invention, which facilitates its installation. Finally, the noise barrier 1a - 1c has interesting thermal insulation properties, which constitutes another advantage of the invention.

Claims (10)

  1. Composite sound-insulating curtain (la - 1c) characterized in that it comprises a plurality of layers joined together, among which at least:
    • a first absorbing layer (2a) having a mass per unit area at least equal to three hundred grams per square metre and thus suitable for absorbing sound waves,
    • a damping layer (3) comprising a gas such as air, contiguous to the first absorbing layer (2a) and suitable for damping sound waves,
    • a first low-frequency-reflecting layer (4a) made of a material suitable for reflecting sound waves, the frequency of said sound waves being lower than three hundred hertz, and
    • a first high-frequency-reflecting layer (5a) made of a material suitable for reflecting sound waves, the frequency of said sound waves being higher than or equal to three hundred hertz.
  2. Sound-insulating curtain (la - 1c) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that the first absorbing layer (2a), the damping layer (3), the first respectively low-frequency- and high-frequency-reflecting layers (4a, 5a) are made of supple textile material.
  3. Sound-insulating curtain (1b, 1c) according to either one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it comprises a second absorbing layer (2b) contiguous with the damping layer (3) and located on the side opposite to the first absorbing layer (2a), the succession of these three layers (2a, 3, 2b) thus forming a weight-spring-weight assembly suitable for weakening sound waves.
  4. Sound-insulating curtain (1b, 1c) according to the preceding claim, characterized in that first low-frequency-reflecting layer (4a) is placed on one side of the weight-spring-weight assembly (2a, 3, 2b), and in that the first high-frequency-reflecting layer (5a) is placed on the opposite side of the weight-spring-weight assembly (2a, 3, 2b), the two first respectively high-frequency and low-frequency-reflecting layers (5a, 4a) being contiguous with the first (2a) and second (2b) absorption layers (2b), respectively.
  5. Sound-insulating curtain (1c) according to Claim 4, characterized in that it comprises second respectively high-frequency- and low-frequency-reflecting layers (5b, 4a), the layers of the device being placed successively in the following order: second low-frequency-reflecting layer (4b), first high-frequency-reflecting layer (5a), weight-spring-weight assembly (2a, 3, 2b), second high-frequency-reflecting layer (5b) and first low-frequency-reflecting layer (4a).
  6. Sound-insulating curtain (la - 1c) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that each high-frequency-reflecting layer (5a, 5b) is waterproofed with a polymer coating, for example of polyvinyl-chloride type, deposited on one of the faces of the high-frequency-reflecting layer (5a, 5b) in question.
  7. Sound-insulating curtain (la - 1c) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material forming each absorbing layer (2a, 2b) is a fleece fabric of the cotton-fleece type and in that the damping layer (3) is formed from a porous material of cotton wool type.
  8. Sound-insulating curtain (la - 1c) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material forming each low-frequency-reflecting layer (4a, 4b) is a reinforced woven fabric of satin type.
  9. Sound-insulating curtain (la - 1c) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the material forming each high-frequency-reflecting layer (5a, 5b) is a woven fabric made of synthetic fibres of the polyester type.
  10. Sound-insulating curtain (la - 1c) according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that its mass per unit area is comprised between 1.5 and 2 kilograms per square metre.
EP18186789.6A 2017-08-02 2018-08-01 Composite sound-absorbing curtain Active EP3440965B1 (en)

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CN114293898B (en) * 2021-12-30 2023-12-08 厦门冠音泰科技有限公司 Sound-deadening and noise-reducing curtain capable of being curled and folded and preparation method thereof

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2487256A1 (en) * 1980-07-24 1982-01-29 Applic Rech En Ste Heat insulating theatre or living room curtain - has wadding between lining and reflective layers separated by air gap from furnishing layer
FR2726886B1 (en) * 1994-11-15 1997-04-18 Riedel Paul THERMAL, PHONIC, DECORATIVE INSULATION
FR2986463B1 (en) * 2012-02-02 2014-03-28 Brunswick Et Fils PHONIC INSULATION
JP6114899B2 (en) * 2012-04-17 2017-04-19 東京鋼鐵工業株式会社 Sound insulation curtain
ES2548068B2 (en) * 2015-07-03 2016-02-26 Universitat Politècnica De València Barrier curtain against light, noise, heat, fire and electromagnetic radiation

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FR3069767B1 (en) 2019-08-16

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