EP3436215B1 - Procédé de production d'alésages symétriques en rotation non cylindriques à l'aide d'un outil de rodage - Google Patents

Procédé de production d'alésages symétriques en rotation non cylindriques à l'aide d'un outil de rodage Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3436215B1
EP3436215B1 EP17714708.9A EP17714708A EP3436215B1 EP 3436215 B1 EP3436215 B1 EP 3436215B1 EP 17714708 A EP17714708 A EP 17714708A EP 3436215 B1 EP3436215 B1 EP 3436215B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
target
diameter
bore
actual
honing
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Application number
EP17714708.9A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3436215C0 (fr
EP3436215A1 (fr
Inventor
Klaus Litty
Andreas Wagner
Manuel WAIBLINGER
Andreas Wiens
Niko Schamne
Markus PETRASCHEK
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Gehring Technologies GmbH and Co KG
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Gehring Technologies GmbH and Co KG
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Publication of EP3436215A1 publication Critical patent/EP3436215A1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3436215C0 publication Critical patent/EP3436215C0/fr
Publication of EP3436215B1 publication Critical patent/EP3436215B1/fr
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    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/02Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor designed for working internal surfaces of revolution, e.g. of cylindrical or conical shapes
    • B24B33/025Internal surface of conical shape
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/08Honing tools
    • B24B33/087Honing tools provided with measuring equipment
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B33/00Honing machines or devices; Accessories therefor
    • B24B33/08Honing tools
    • B24B33/088Honing tools for holes having a shape other than cylindrical
    • BPERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B24GRINDING; POLISHING
    • B24BMACHINES, DEVICES, OR PROCESSES FOR GRINDING OR POLISHING; DRESSING OR CONDITIONING OF ABRADING SURFACES; FEEDING OF GRINDING, POLISHING, OR LAPPING AGENTS
    • B24B49/00Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation
    • B24B49/02Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent
    • B24B49/04Measuring or gauging equipment for controlling the feed movement of the grinding tool or work; Arrangements of indicating or measuring equipment, e.g. for indicating the start of the grinding operation according to the instantaneous size and required size of the workpiece acted upon, the measuring or gauging being continuous or intermittent involving measurement of the workpiece at the place of grinding during grinding operation

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method for butting a cylindrical bore using a honing tool.
  • a honing process is known with which the cylinder bore of an internal combustion engine is given a bottle shape.
  • a bottle shape is a shape in which the cylinder bore has two cylindrical sections that have different diameters. The section with the smaller diameter is provided in the area of the cylinder head, while the section with the larger diameter is provided in the area of the crankshaft. A frustoconical transition area is formed between these areas, which takes up approximately 5% to 20% of the bore length.
  • the invention is based on the object of providing a honing process which allows the cost-effective and reproducible production of cylinder bores, in which the friction between the piston rings and especially between the piston skirt and the cylinder bore is minimized and, as a result, the emission behavior and fuel consumption of the with such Internal combustion engine equipped with cylinders is optimized.
  • the process is intended to make it possible to implement a wide variety of cylinder bore geometries specified by the user precisely and reliably in series production.
  • the geometries specified by the user can be, for example, a truncated cone, a bottle shape or a surface line of the “cylinder bore” of an internal combustion engine that can be specified by an nth-order polynomial.
  • a honing tool which has measuring devices which make it possible to record the diameter D (y) of the cylinder bore, which varies over the length of the cylinder bore, during machining.
  • Air measuring nozzles are suitable as measuring devices.
  • the honing stones have a length that is less than a third of the length of the one to be machined Drilling. The shorter the length of the honing stone, the shorter the desired shape curve can be, since as the length of the stone increases, the wavelengths of the desired shape, which are smaller than the length of the honing stone, are mechanically filtered out.
  • the measuring devices are usually arranged between the honing stones, so that the bore diameter is also recorded where the material is removed.
  • Perfect measurement means that the diameter of the bore is continuously recorded during honing with high temporal and spatial resolution. This means that the current shape of the hole being machined is available in real time during honing to control the honing process.
  • the manipulated variable of the control circuit according to the invention is the stroke OP - UP of the honing tool.
  • the stroke of the honing tool is limited by an upper reversal point OP and a lower reversal point UP.
  • the method according to the invention comprises the steps according to claim 1. These steps are explained in more detail in connection with Figures 2ff.
  • the stroke can be reduced in various ways.
  • An alternative that is very easy to implement in terms of control technology provides that the stroke H n is always reduced by a predetermined amount DeltaH in order to achieve a reduced stroke H n+1 .
  • the amount of DeltaH is usually chosen depending on the total length of the hole to be honed.
  • the desired surface line can also have an influence on the amount of DeltaH.
  • the stroke H n+1 is further reduced if at a further reversal point OP n+1 , UP n+1 the actual diameter D Ist(n+1) of the last honed bore section is equal to the target diameter D target UP n+1 of the bore at this reversal point OP n+1 , UP n+1 .
  • the bore is generally machined over the entire length, so that the method according to the invention starts from a cylindrical bore.
  • the desired target shape or surface line of the hole to be machined can be specified as a mathematical function, e.g. as an nth order polynomial as a function of the Y axis (longitudinal axis of the hole).
  • a mathematical function e.g. as an nth order polynomial as a function of the Y axis (longitudinal axis of the hole).
  • a cylinder bore with a diameter D (y) that increases in the direction of the longitudinal axis of the bore (Y-axis) is shown schematically.
  • the bore 1 has a diameter D 0 .
  • the diameter D 0 corresponds to the diameter of the hole after pre-honing when the hole is still cylindrical. After pre-honing, the hole has the diameter D 0 over the entire length L.
  • the aim of the method according to the invention is to produce a bore that is predominantly conical.
  • the bore is conical over the entire length L.
  • the surface line of the conically honed bore is the Figure 1 labeled 1.
  • the largest diameter D Max is at the lower end of the bore.
  • the example number 5 is intended to make it clear that rotationally symmetrical bores can also be produced whose largest diameter is neither at the upper nor at the lower end of the bore.
  • the largest diameter D MAX lies between the upper and lower ends of the bore.
  • the surface line of the bore is provided with the reference number 1.
  • the bore has a cylindrical section at its upper end and a further cylindrical section c at its lower end.
  • the diameter in the area of the upper section b is smaller than the diameter D target in the lower section c.
  • the starting point of the method according to the invention is a cylinder block in which the bore has been pre-machined so that it has a cylindrical shape with the diameter D Ist, 0 .
  • processing begins according to the method according to the invention by inserting a honing tool with honing stones (not shown) into the bore with the diameter D Act, 0 .
  • the hole is honed over the entire length of the hole.
  • the reversal points of the honing tool or its honing stones are designated OP 1 and UP 1 (see the Figure 2 a) .
  • the diameter D IST of the hole increases evenly over its entire length, starting from D Act,0 until the still cylindrical hole has the diameter D Act,1 .
  • the diameter D Act,1 of the hole in this state is equal to the target diameter D Soll, 1 in area b.
  • the actual diameter of the bore is preferably recorded during the honing process and compared with the target diameter D target in area b of the bore.
  • the method according to the invention provides for the stroke of the honing tool to be reduced so that the area b is no longer processed further.
  • a new target value D target, 2 applies to the part of the hole that is still being machined.
  • the actual value of the area of the hole being machined is compared with the target value D target, 2 during machining. As soon as the actual value D Actual is equal to the target value D Target, 2 , the stroke is further reduced or processing is ended when the desired surface line 1 has been produced.
  • the differences between the diameters D Soll, 1 , D Soll, 2 and D Soll, 3 and the associated actual diameters D 1 , D 2 and D 3 are only a few thousandths of a millimeter. Due to the permanent measurement, a permanent stroke shift occurs due to the smallest changes in path, so that a continuous, stepless shape progression is created. The respective change in path is only limited by the resolution of the displacement sensor for the lifting movement, which, however, is significantly smaller than the local gradient of the desired shape curve. During the subsequent smoothing, which takes place over the entire length of the hole, the previously developed shape is machined to the desired final roughness profile. In the Figures 2c and 2d The "stages" shown are drawn in a highly exaggerated manner and only serve to provide a better understanding of the regulation. Due to the pneumatic permanent measurement, a permanent stroke shift occurs, resulting in continuous local shape changes.
  • the honing tool or the honing stones 5 belonging to the honing tool are shown very schematically once at the upper reversal point OP and once at the lower reversal point UP.
  • the stroke of the honing stones corresponds to the distance OP1 and UP if the bore is honed over its entire length.
  • An air measuring nozzle which belongs to the honing tool, is in the Figures 3 and 4 been provided with the reference number 7.
  • the amount DeltaH can be entered into the control system as a parameter by the operator of the honing machine.
  • the upper reversal point OP2 is moved downwards towards the lower reversal point UP.
  • the new reversal point OP2 results from the fact that the previous upper reversal point OP1 is shifted by the amount DeltaH in the direction of the lower reversal point UP.
  • a second target diameter D Soll,2 belongs to the new upper reversal point OP2.
  • the second target diameter D Soll,2 is equal to the target diameter of the hole at the reversal point OP2.
  • DeltaX is not constant, but depends on the slope of the surface line in the upper reversal point OP1 and the new upper reversal point OP2. Because the surface line of the hole is stored in the machine control - for example as a polynomial or as a table of values - the corresponding target diameter at the reversal point can be determined for each reversal point OP, UP.
  • the hatched areas 9 1 , 9 2 and 9 3 are intended to illustrate where material still needs to be removed in order to achieve the desired surface line 1.
  • the wall of the (cylinder) bore to be machined is so thick that the forces acting on the wall in the radial direction from the honing stones during the honing process cause no or only very small deformations of the wall.
  • the radial force (contact force) with which the honing stones are pressed against the cylinder bore is caused by the feed device or the control of the honing machine.
  • a solution to this problem according to the invention is that the target shape 36 becomes a corrected target shape at least locally.
  • the corrected target shape is the shape that the cylinder bore must assume during honing so that it has the desired target shape 36 after the end of honing and without radial expansion.
  • the corrected target shape is obtained by adding the target shape 36 (especially in the area of the thin-walled section 34). Radial expansion is added.
  • the corrected target form has in the Figure 6c the reference number 42
  • the corrected target shape 42 compensates for these locally different radial deformations through additional local material removal. This makes it possible to keep the diameter of the non-cylindrical, rotationally symmetrical cylinder bore within a very narrow tolerance range between the lines 44 over the entire length of the cylinder bore.
  • the corrected target shape 42 can be determined empirically or computationally. In an empirical determination, based on the results achieved in each case, starting from the target shape, the target shape can be iteratively changed to the corrected target shape by changing the target shape in small steps (for example in the range of one or more micrometers) at a number of reference points. be corrected until the actual shape (see 38 in Fig. 6c ) in the relaxed state of the cylinder bore of the target shape (see 36 in Fig. 6c ) corresponds.
  • the radial expansion (Ar) of the cylinder bore in the thin-walled region 34 can be at least roughly determined based on the force with which the honing stones are pressed against the cylinder wall and this expansion can be added to the target shape 36.
  • the results achieved in each case can be iteratively changed, starting from the target shape, to the corrected target shape by correcting the target shape in small steps (for example in the range of one or more micrometers) at a plurality of reference points, until the actual form (see 38 in Fig. 6c ) in the relaxed state of the cylinder bore of the target shape (see 36 in Fig. 6c ) corresponds.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Geometry (AREA)
  • Finish Polishing, Edge Sharpening, And Grinding By Specific Grinding Devices (AREA)
  • Constituent Portions Of Griding Lathes, Driving, Sensing And Control (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Procédé pour produire un trou non cylindrique à symétrie de rotation avec un outil de rodage comprenant les étapes de :
    rodage du trou avec une course (H) de l'outil de rodage, dans lequel la course (H) est limitée par un point de rebroussement haut (OP) et un point de rebroussement bas (UP) (H = OP - UP), caractérisé par
    la détection permanente du diamètre réel (DIST) du trou différent sur toute la longueur du trou à usiner pendant l'usinage par rodage dans une zone entre les points de rebroussement (OPn, UPn) des baguettes de rodage de l'outil de rodage,
    la comparaison permanente du diamètre réel (DIST) du trou aux diamètres théoriques DSOLL (OPn, UPn) prédéfinis dans au moins un des points de rebroussement (OPn, UPn) et
    la limitation permanente de la course (H) à la ou aux zones (L - b) du trou dans lesquelles le diamètre réel (DIst) est inférieur au diamètre théorique (Dsoll (L-b)) ;
    dans lequel la course (H) de l'outil de rodage est réduite progressivement de manière correspondante aux valeurs réelles mesurées du diamètre (DIST) du trou, de sorte que seules les zones (L-b) du trou, pour lesquelles le diamètre réel (DIST) mesuré du trou est encore inférieur au diamètre théorique (DSOLL), sont usinées.
  2. Procédé selon la revendication 1, caractérisé en ce que la course (Hn) est réduite à une course (Hn+1), lorsque le diamètre réel (DIST, n) sur au moins un point de rebroussement (OPn, UPn) est identique au diamètre théorique (DSOLL, n (OPn, UPn), et que les baguettes de rodage de l'outil de rodage avec la course (Hn+1) réduite n'usinent plus l'emplacement ou la zone ((OPn, UPn)).
  3. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce que la course réduite (Hn+1) est identique à la course (Hn) moins une valeur (DeltaH) prédéfinie (Hn+1 = Hn - DeltaH) .
  4. Procédé selon la revendication 3, caractérisé en ce que la course (Hn+1) est davantage réduite, lorsque sur un point de rebroussement (OPn+1, UPn+1) de l'outil de rodage le diamètre réel (DIST) de la partie de trou rodée en dernier est identique au diamètre théorique (DSOLL (OPn+1, UPn+1) du trou sur un des points de rebroussement (OPn+1, UPn+1).
  5. Procédé selon la revendication 2, caractérisé en ce qu'au moins un nouveau point de rebroussement OP (n+2) est déterminé du fait qu'à partir du diamètre réel (DIST) actuel un nouveau diamètre théorique (DSOLL, n+2) est déterminé (DSOLL, n+2 = DeltaD + DSOLL, n+1) par addition d'un incrément de diamètre (DeltaD) au diamètre théorique actuel (DSOLL, n), et que le au moins un nouveau point de rebroussement OP(n+2) se situe à l'endroit où un diamètre théorique (DSOLL (y)) est identique au diamètre théorique (DSOLL (n+2)).
  6. Procédé selon la revendication 5, caractérisé en ce que la course (Hn+2) de l'outil de rodage est davantage réduite, lorsque sur un point de rebroussement (OPn+2)) de l'outil de rodage le diamètre réel (DIST (OP(n+2)est identique au diamètre théorique (DSOLL (OP(n+2)) du trou sur ce point de rebroussement (OP (n+2)).
  7. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'au début le trou est rodé sur toute sa longueur (L).
  8. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une forme théorique (42) corrigée du trou non cylindrique prend en compte l'élargissement radial (Ar) du trou cylindrique pendant l'usinage par rodage.
  9. Procédé selon la revendication 8, caractérisé en ce que la forme théorique (42) corrigée correspond à la superposition d'une forme théorique (36) du trou non cylindrique sans élargissement radial et de l'élargissement radial (Ar) élastique se produisant pendant l'usinage par rodage.
  10. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'une forme théorique (36, 42) du trou non cylindrique est prédéfinie en fonction d'un axe longitudinal (axe Y) du trou, en particulier en tant que polynôme de nième ordre.
  11. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications 1 à 9, caractérisé en ce que la forme théorique (36, 42) du trou non cylindrique est prédéfinie dans un tableau de valeurs.
  12. Procédé selon la revendication 11, caractérisé en ce qu'entre les points de référence du tableau de valeurs la forme théorique (36, 42) du trou non cylindrique est déterminée par interpolation.
  13. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'à mesure que la course (H) diminue la vitesse de rotation de la broche de rodage est augmentée.
  14. Procédé selon l'une quelconque des revendications précédentes, caractérisé en ce qu'à mesure que la course (H) diminue la pression d'application de baguette de rodage est augmentée.
EP17714708.9A 2016-03-29 2017-03-29 Procédé de production d'alésages symétriques en rotation non cylindriques à l'aide d'un outil de rodage Active EP3436215B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016105717.7A DE102016105717B4 (de) 2016-03-29 2016-03-29 Verfahren zur Herstellung rotationssymmetrischer, nicht zylindrischer Bohrungen mit einem Honwerkzeug
PCT/EP2017/057458 WO2017167829A1 (fr) 2016-03-29 2017-03-29 Procédé de production d'alésages symétriques en rotation non cylindriques à l'aide d'un outil de rodage et machine de rodage conçue pour rendre conique un alésage cylindrique

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3436215A1 EP3436215A1 (fr) 2019-02-06
EP3436215C0 EP3436215C0 (fr) 2023-10-25
EP3436215B1 true EP3436215B1 (fr) 2023-10-25

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EP17714708.9A Active EP3436215B1 (fr) 2016-03-29 2017-03-29 Procédé de production d'alésages symétriques en rotation non cylindriques à l'aide d'un outil de rodage

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Country Link
US (1) US20190111540A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3436215B1 (fr)
JP (1) JP7023240B2 (fr)
KR (1) KR102279990B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN108883514B (fr)
DE (1) DE102016105717B4 (fr)
MX (1) MX2018011879A (fr)
WO (1) WO2017167829A1 (fr)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE202016008143U1 (de) * 2015-05-26 2017-04-12 Gehring Technologies Gmbh Honmaschine zur Herstellung rotationssymmetrischer, nicht zylindrischer Bohrungen
DE102017210187A1 (de) * 2017-06-19 2018-12-20 Elgan-Diamantwerkzeuge Gmbh & Co. Kg Honverfahren und Bearbeitungsmaschine zum Konturhonen
DE102018211685A1 (de) 2018-07-13 2020-01-16 Elgan-Diamantwerkzeuge Gmbh & Co. Kg Honverfahren und Bearbeitungsmaschine zum Konturhonen

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JP2696853B2 (ja) * 1987-09-19 1998-01-14 トヨタ自動車株式会社 ホーニング装置
JP2884048B2 (ja) * 1995-08-08 1999-04-19 旭ダイヤモンド工業株式会社 ホーニング砥石
JP2001353655A (ja) * 2000-06-09 2001-12-25 Makino J Kk ホーニング加工工具及びその工具を用いた加工方法
EP1321229B1 (fr) * 2001-12-20 2009-04-08 Gehring GmbH & Co. KG Procédé pour l'usinage d'une forure
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DE102007038123B4 (de) 2007-08-04 2010-06-10 Gehring Technologies Gmbh Maschine zur Erzeugung nicht zylindrischer Bohrungsflächen
KR20120083232A (ko) * 2011-01-17 2012-07-25 그롭-베르케 게엠베하 운트 코. 카게 정밀 보링과 호닝을 결합한 가공 방법 및 상기 방법의 실시를 위한 가공 장치
DE102011076213A1 (de) * 2011-05-20 2012-03-15 Gehring Technologies Gmbh Werkzeug mit Zustelleinrichtung und Kraftmesseinrichtung für ein Bearbeitungszentrum
DE102013204714B4 (de) 2013-03-18 2024-06-06 Elgan-Diamantwerkzeuge Gmbh & Co. Kg Honverfahren und Honwerkzeug
DE102015203051A1 (de) 2015-02-20 2016-08-25 Elgan-Diamantwerkzeuge Gmbh & Co. Kg Honverfahren und Bearbeitungsmaschine zum Formhonen
DE102015209609B4 (de) 2015-05-26 2024-05-16 Gehring Technologies Gmbh + Co. Kg Verfahren zur Konfizierung einer zylindrischen Bohrung und Prozesskette zur formgebenden Bearbeitung von zylindrischen Bohrungen
CN105221283B (zh) * 2015-09-22 2017-12-05 江苏大学 一种发动机缸孔及其加工方法

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
WO2017167829A1 (fr) 2017-10-05
DE102016105717A1 (de) 2017-10-05
EP3436215C0 (fr) 2023-10-25
JP2019513563A (ja) 2019-05-30
CN108883514B (zh) 2021-08-10
CN108883514A (zh) 2018-11-23
KR102279990B1 (ko) 2021-07-22
MX2018011879A (es) 2018-12-17
JP7023240B2 (ja) 2022-02-21
EP3436215A1 (fr) 2019-02-06
KR20180126051A (ko) 2018-11-26
DE102016105717B4 (de) 2024-05-16
US20190111540A1 (en) 2019-04-18

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