EP3430316A1 - Chambre de combustion d'une turbine, notamment d'une turbine a cycle thermodynamique avec recuperateur, pour la production d'energie, en particulier d'energie electrique - Google Patents
Chambre de combustion d'une turbine, notamment d'une turbine a cycle thermodynamique avec recuperateur, pour la production d'energie, en particulier d'energie electriqueInfo
- Publication number
- EP3430316A1 EP3430316A1 EP17705924.3A EP17705924A EP3430316A1 EP 3430316 A1 EP3430316 A1 EP 3430316A1 EP 17705924 A EP17705924 A EP 17705924A EP 3430316 A1 EP3430316 A1 EP 3430316A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- holes
- combustion chamber
- turbine
- row
- diffuser
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000002485 combustion reaction Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 38
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000009792 diffusion process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000002347 injection Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000007924 injection Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 description 17
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 6
- MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen oxide Inorganic materials O=[N] MWUXSHHQAYIFBG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003344 environmental pollutant Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001704 evaporation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008020 evaporation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930195733 hydrocarbon Natural products 0.000 description 2
- 150000002430 hydrocarbons Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000013618 particulate matter Substances 0.000 description 2
- 231100000719 pollutant Toxicity 0.000 description 2
- 230000006641 stabilisation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011105 stabilization Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000567 combustion gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002283 diesel fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000691 measurement method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003134 recirculating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000004071 soot Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011144 upstream manufacturing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009834 vaporization Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008016 vaporization Effects 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/04—Air inlet arrangements
- F23R3/10—Air inlet arrangements for primary air
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23R—GENERATING COMBUSTION PRODUCTS OF HIGH PRESSURE OR HIGH VELOCITY, e.g. GAS-TURBINE COMBUSTION CHAMBERS
- F23R3/00—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel
- F23R3/02—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration
- F23R3/16—Continuous combustion chambers using liquid or gaseous fuel characterised by the air-flow or gas-flow configuration with devices inside the flame tube or the combustion chamber to influence the air or gas flow
- F23R3/18—Flame stabilising means, e.g. flame holders for after-burners of jet-propulsion plants
Definitions
- the invention relates to a combustion chamber of a turbine, in particular a thermodynamic cycle turbine with recuperator, for the production of energy, in particular electrical energy.
- a thermodynamic cycle turbine with recuperator for the production of energy, especially electrical energy.
- It relates more particularly to a microturbine with recuperator for the production of electricity from a liquid or gaseous fuel.
- microturbine a small power turbine usually less than 200KW.
- a turbine with recuperator generally comprises at least one compression stage with at least one compressor, a combustion chamber (or burner), at least one expansion stage with at least one turbine a heat exchange device (or recuperator) between the compressor and the burner for heating the compressed gases by the compressor to send them with a high temperature to the burner, this exchange device being traversed by the hot gases from the turbine.
- the burner comprises an outer casing through which circulates the hot compressed air from the recuperator and a flame tube, located inside this casing, in which takes place combustion.
- the flame tube comprises a primary zone that receives a portion of the total hot compressed air flow rate and in which combustion occurs and a dilution zone where mixing between the primary zone burned gases and the compressed gases occurs. from the dilution holes on the tube.
- the primary zone further comprises a perforated diffuser allowing the passage of hot compressed air as well as fuel from a fuel injection system (liquid or gas) placed upstream of the diffuser.
- a fuel injection system liquid or gas
- a turbine with recuperator has a low compression ratio (of the order of 3 to 5 bars of pressure) and low inlet temperatures of the turbine in comparison with high-power aeronautical or stationary gas turbines.
- This combustion chamber comprises a housing housing a flame tube with a perforated diffuser for the passage of hot compressed air, a flame stabilizer, recirculation passages for combustion gases, a mixing tube and an injection means of a fuel.
- the present invention relates to a combustion chamber of a turbine, in particular a thermodynamic cycle turbine with recuperator, for the production of energy, in particular electrical energy, comprising a housing housing a flame tube. with a diffusion partition carrying a flame stabilizer comprising a perforated air diffuser and a mixing tube, said chamber further comprising means for injecting at least one fuel, characterized in that the perforated diffuser comprises at least two circumferential rows of holes.
- the diffuser may include a bore for fuel passage and the circumferential rows of holes may be concentrically disposed in said bore.
- the diffuser may include a row of holes whose opening is smaller than the opening of the holes of the other row.
- the diffuser may include one row of holes, the number of which is greater than the number of holes in the other row.
- the diffuser may include holes with a shape in a closed curve.
- the diffuser may comprise holes whose angular spacing between two adjacent holes of a row is a multiple or a sub-multiple of the angular difference between two holes of the other row.
- the perforated diffuser can carry the mixing tube by arms.
- the invention also relates to a turbine, in particular a thermodynamic cycle turbine with recuperator, for the production of energy, in particular electrical energy, comprising at least one compression stage with at least one gas compressor, an exchanger of heat, a combustion chamber fed with fuel by at least one tank, at least one expansion stage with at least one expansion turbine connected by a shaft to the compressor, and a means for producing energy, characterized in that it comprises a combustion chamber as defined above.
- FIG. 1 which is a diagram illustrating a turbine with a combustion chamber according to the invention for the production of energy, in particular electrical energy,
- FIG. 2 which is an axial sectional view showing the combustion chamber according to the invention
- FIG. 3 which is a perspective view of an element of the combustion chamber according to the invention.
- the turbine illustrated is more particularly a microturbine 10, operating from at least one fuel, such as a liquid fuel, for example of the diesel fuel type, or a gaseous fuel, such as natural gas.
- the turbine comprises at least one compression stage 12 with at least one gas compressor 14, a heat exchanger 1 6 (or recuperator), a combustion chamber 18 (or burner) supplied with fuel by at least one tank 20, at the at least one expansion stage 22 with at least one expansion turbine 24 connected by a shaft 26 to the compressor.
- This turbine also comprises a power generation means, here electrical, which comprises an electric generator 28 advantageously placed on the shaft 26 between the compressor and the turbine.
- this generator can be alternately connected to the expansion turbine or to the compressor by a shaft other than that connecting the turbine and the compressor.
- the compressor 14 comprises a fresh gas inlet containing oxygen, here outside air generally at ambient temperature, and a compressed air outlet 32 leading to a compressed air inlet 34 of the exchanger 16.
- the hot compressed air outlet 36 of the exchanger 16 arrives at an inlet of hot compressed air 38 from the burner 18.
- the superheated gas outlet 40 of the burner is connected to the inlet 42 of the turbine, whose outlet 44 is connected to another inlet 46 of the exchanger.
- the exchanger 16 also includes a cooled gas outlet 48 to be directed to any means of evacuation and treatment, such as a chimney (not shown).
- the burner 18 comprises an outer casing 50, here of cylindrical shape, closed at one of its ends by an injector septum 52 and at the other end thereof by a partition 54 with an opening 56 of smaller diameter than that of the housing 50.
- This burner also comprises a flame tube 58, here also of substantially cylindrical shape, housed coaxially in the housing being of smaller diameter than the housing but of identical diameter to that of the opening 56 of the annular partition 54.
- This tube comprises an end closed by a diffusion partition 60 opposite and at a distance from the injector wall 52 and an open end 62 which passes through the annular partition cooperating sealingly with the inner diameter of this annular partition to form the outlet 40 of this burner.
- the housing carries, on its periphery and near the annular partition 54, the inlet of hot compressed air 38 for introducing this air into the space formed between the housing and the flame tube as well as in the space formed between the injector partition and the diffusion partition.
- the injector partition comprises a plate 64, through which is mounted an injection means 66 of at least one fuel, here in the form of an injector coaxial with the flame tube. .
- This plate is surrounded by an air deflecting wall 68, here semi-toric whose concavity is directed towards the flame tube and which is connected to the periphery of the housing.
- the flame tube comprises circumferential rows of radial dilution orifices 70 placed at a distance from the diffusion partition 60 and close to the annular partition of the casing, being distributed regularly advantageously opposite the inlet 38.
- This flame tube also comprises a flame stabilizer 72 which is placed on the diffusion partition 60 and inside the tube being housed in an orifice 74 provided in this diffusion partition.
- the burner also comprises an ignition device 76 for a fuel mixture.
- this device may be a spark plug of the type for internal combustion engine with spark ignition, a glow plug, ignition electrodes, etc.
- FIGS. 3 and 4 illustrate an exemplary embodiment of a flame stabilizer 72.
- This stabilizer comprises a perforated air diffuser 78 in the form of a flat circular soleplate 80 intended to be housed in the orifice 74 of the diffusion partition 60.
- This sole includes a central axial bore 82 for the passage of fuel from the injector 64 and comprises a plurality of holes 84 which pass through the thickness of the sole being in the same axial direction as that of the bore.
- the holes 84 are distributed in a multiplicity of circumferential rows concentric with the bore 82.
- One of the rows C1 of holes which is located closest to the outer edge of the sole, comprises holes 84a which have an opening which is smaller than the opening of the holes 84b of the other row C2 of holes.
- the holes are of circular shape and the holes 84a of the outer row have a diameter D1 which is smaller than the diameter D2 of the holes 84b of the other row C2 of holes.
- the holes 84a of the outer row C1 are advantageously in greater number than those of the inner row C2 In the example illustrated, the holes 84a are twice as numerous as those of the inner row.
- the shape of the holes 84a, 84b is not limited to that of the circular shape, as illustrated in the figures, but may be a completely different shape with a closed curve, such as a square, ellipsoidal, trapezoidal, triangular shape etc.
- the circumferential angular gap between two adjacent holes may be constant or variable throughout the row.
- the angular difference between two adjacent holes of a row may be a multiple or a sub-multiple of the angular difference between two holes of the other row.
- the angular difference ⁇ between two adjacent holes 84a of the outer row is half the angle ⁇ between two adjacent holes of the inner row.
- the sole 80 continues in an axial direction and away from the partition by axial arms 86, here three arms arranged at 120 ° from each other, and carrying at their ends a mixing tube 88 of outside diameter less than the inside diameter of the flame tube 58.
- the mixing tube 88 is connected by radial arms to the flame tube 58 instead of being connected to the soleplate.
- the fuel here in liquid form
- the injector 64 is injected by the injector 64 in the direction the perforated plate 80 to pass through the central hole 82.
- the hot compressed air from the inlet 38 enters the space 90 between the partitions, is then deflected by the deflector wall 68. This air then passes through the holes 84a and 84b of the soleplate and is directed into the mixing tube 88 in which takes place the evaporation of the liquid fuel, then the combustion.
- the recirculations around the flame catch are favored and the speed of passage of the air is relatively important.
- the combustion chamber can operate at low average wealth, for example 0.35 in stability limit.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Fuel-Injection Apparatus (AREA)
- Spray-Type Burners (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
FR1652294A FR3049044B1 (fr) | 2016-03-18 | 2016-03-18 | Chambre de combustion d'une turbine, notamment d'une turbine a cycle thermodynamique avec recuperateur, pour la production d'energie, en particulier d'energie electrique. |
PCT/EP2017/054167 WO2017157631A1 (fr) | 2016-03-18 | 2017-02-23 | Chambre de combustion d'une turbine, notamment d'une turbine a cycle thermodynamique avec recuperateur, pour la production d'energie, en particulier d'energie electrique |
Publications (2)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
EP3430316A1 true EP3430316A1 (fr) | 2019-01-23 |
EP3430316B1 EP3430316B1 (fr) | 2020-10-21 |
Family
ID=55953278
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
EP17705924.3A Active EP3430316B1 (fr) | 2016-03-18 | 2017-02-23 | Chambre de combustion d'une turbine, notamment d'une turbine a cycle thermodynamique avec recuperateur, pour la production d'energie, en particulier d'energie electrique |
Country Status (4)
Country | Link |
---|---|
EP (1) | EP3430316B1 (fr) |
CN (1) | CN108779918B (fr) |
FR (1) | FR3049044B1 (fr) |
WO (1) | WO2017157631A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR3084447B1 (fr) | 2018-07-30 | 2020-07-31 | Ifp Energies Now | Chambre de combustion pour une turbine a gaz destinee a la production d'energie notamment d'energie electrique, comprenant des trous de dilution asymetriques dans un tube a flamme. |
FR3084450B1 (fr) | 2018-07-30 | 2020-07-31 | Ifp Energies Now | Chambre de combustion comprenant une section de passage d'un tube a flamme modifiee notamment pour une turbine destinee a la production d'energie, notamment d'energie electrique |
FR3088969B1 (fr) | 2018-11-27 | 2021-02-19 | Ifp Energies Now | Injecteur de carburant avec moyens de refroidissement |
FR3119868B1 (fr) | 2021-02-15 | 2023-01-13 | Ifp Energies Now | Système de combustion avec une chambre de combustion tubulaire et un échangeur de chaleur annulaire |
Family Cites Families (10)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2517015A (en) * | 1945-05-16 | 1950-08-01 | Bendix Aviat Corp | Combustion chamber with shielded fuel nozzle |
GB624779A (en) * | 1946-01-09 | 1949-06-16 | Bendix Aviat Corp | An improved burner for gaseous, liquid or powdered solid fuel |
US2621477A (en) * | 1948-06-03 | 1952-12-16 | Power Jets Res & Dev Ltd | Combustion apparatus having valve controlled passages for preheating the fuel-air mixture |
DE1627878A1 (de) | 1967-03-14 | 1970-08-06 | Schloemann Ag | Einrichtung zur Kompensation der Auffederung an Maschinen,insbesondere an Schmiedepressen od.dgl. |
DE2020416A1 (de) * | 1970-04-27 | 1971-11-11 | Motoren Turbinen Union | Brennkammer fuer Gasturbinentriebwerke |
GB1335134A (en) * | 1970-12-05 | 1973-10-24 | Nissan Motor | Combustion apparatus of a gas turbine engine |
DE10064259B4 (de) * | 2000-12-22 | 2012-02-02 | Alstom Technology Ltd. | Brenner mit hoher Flammenstabilität |
US6968693B2 (en) * | 2003-09-22 | 2005-11-29 | General Electric Company | Method and apparatus for reducing gas turbine engine emissions |
JP4959620B2 (ja) * | 2007-04-26 | 2012-06-27 | 株式会社日立製作所 | 燃焼器及び燃焼器の燃料供給方法 |
NL2005381C2 (en) * | 2010-09-21 | 2012-03-28 | Micro Turbine Technology B V | Combustor with a single limited fuel-air mixing burner and recuperated micro gas turbine. |
-
2016
- 2016-03-18 FR FR1652294A patent/FR3049044B1/fr active Active
-
2017
- 2017-02-23 EP EP17705924.3A patent/EP3430316B1/fr active Active
- 2017-02-23 WO PCT/EP2017/054167 patent/WO2017157631A1/fr active Application Filing
- 2017-02-23 CN CN201780016328.4A patent/CN108779918B/zh active Active
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
EP3430316B1 (fr) | 2020-10-21 |
FR3049044B1 (fr) | 2019-12-20 |
FR3049044A1 (fr) | 2017-09-22 |
WO2017157631A1 (fr) | 2017-09-21 |
CN108779918A (zh) | 2018-11-09 |
CN108779918B (zh) | 2020-10-30 |
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