EP3426587B1 - Elément de support pour installation d'ascenseur, comportant plusieurs détecteurs disposés le long du moyen de support - Google Patents

Elément de support pour installation d'ascenseur, comportant plusieurs détecteurs disposés le long du moyen de support Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3426587B1
EP3426587B1 EP17707904.3A EP17707904A EP3426587B1 EP 3426587 B1 EP3426587 B1 EP 3426587B1 EP 17707904 A EP17707904 A EP 17707904A EP 3426587 B1 EP3426587 B1 EP 3426587B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
supporting means
sensors
suspension element
load
sensor
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EP17707904.3A
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German (de)
English (en)
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EP3426587A1 (fr
Inventor
Volker Zapf
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Inventio AG
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Inventio AG
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B66—HOISTING; LIFTING; HAULING
    • B66B—ELEVATORS; ESCALATORS OR MOVING WALKWAYS
    • B66B7/00—Other common features of elevators
    • B66B7/12—Checking, lubricating, or cleaning means for ropes, cables or guides
    • B66B7/1207—Checking means
    • B66B7/1215—Checking means specially adapted for ropes or cables
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/14—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable
    • D07B1/145—Ropes or cables with incorporated auxiliary elements, e.g. for marking, extending throughout the length of the rope or cable comprising elements for indicating or detecting the rope or cable status
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B1/00—Constructional features of ropes or cables
    • D07B1/22—Flat or flat-sided ropes; Sets of ropes consisting of a series of parallel ropes
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2301/00—Controls
    • D07B2301/25—System input signals, e.g. set points
    • D07B2301/259—Strain or elongation
    • D—TEXTILES; PAPER
    • D07—ROPES; CABLES OTHER THAN ELECTRIC
    • D07B—ROPES OR CABLES IN GENERAL
    • D07B2501/00—Application field
    • D07B2501/20—Application field related to ropes or cables
    • D07B2501/2007—Elevators

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a suspension element such as a belt for an elevator system and an elevator system equipped therewith and a method for monitoring a state of a suspension element.
  • Elevator systems are generally used to be able to transport people or objects in a building, usually in a vertical direction.
  • an elevator car is generally relocated within an elevator shaft.
  • the elevator car is held by a suspension element.
  • a suspension means can, for example, comprise one or more ropes or one or more belts.
  • the suspension element can be displaced using a drive in order to move the elevator car held on it.
  • the drive can have a motor, for example, which drives a traction sheave in rotation in order to be able to move the suspension element running over the traction sheave.
  • Suspension means used for elevator systems usually have one or preferably several elongated load-bearing elements.
  • load-bearing elements can be, for example, individual wires or strands or can comprise a plurality of such wires or strands which are usually stranded or otherwise combined to form stranded tensile members, for example.
  • Load-bearing elements are sometimes also referred to as cords.
  • the load-bearing elements can be made of materials that can withstand high mechanical loads.
  • the load-bearing elements can be made of metal, in particular steel.
  • non-metallic materials such as synthetic materials, in particular synthetic fibers such as carbon fibers, Kevlar fibers, etc., can also be used for load-bearing elements.
  • load-bearing elements In order to protect load-bearing elements against mechanical damage and/or corrosion, for example, and to increase traction, they are often surrounded by a casing.
  • a shroud may fully or partially encase a single or multiple load bearing members.
  • one or more load-bearing elements in a matrix forming the sheath of a be embedded mechanically and / or chemically resilient material.
  • the casing can consist of a plastic material, for example.
  • elastomeric materials such as polyurethane are often used for such sheaths.
  • Suspension elements are often exposed to high mechanical loads during operation of an elevator installation.
  • the suspension means must be able to reliably and statically and dynamically hold the loads caused by an elevator car suspended from it and possibly also the loads caused by a counterweight suspended from it.
  • the suspension element is thereby moved and is often deflected several times via a drive pulley and/or deflection rollers. Additional load is applied to the drive pulley as a result of the traction.
  • drive pulley and/or deflection rollers Additional load is applied to the drive pulley as a result of the traction.
  • such repeated bending of the suspension element under load can lead to increased wear on the suspension element during the service life of the elevator system, for example due to material fatigue and external mechanical abrasion.
  • the suspension element Since the suspension element must, among other things, hold the elevator car with the passengers possibly located therein and various load conditions and is therefore considered a safety-relevant component within the elevator system, it must always be ensured that the suspension element can reliably carry out its function of holding the elevator car. For example, regulations can be provided that only allow the operation of an elevator system if adequate monitoring of the integrity of the suspension element can be guaranteed.
  • the integrity of the suspension element can be monitored, for example, by visually inspecting the steel cable along its entire length within the service interval.
  • Human maintenance personnel can inspect the suspension element of an elevator system on site at regular intervals and thereby check, for example, signs of mechanical wear and tear and the permissible number of trips.
  • WO 2012/004268 A1 describes a way of monitoring suspension elements in an elevator system.
  • WO 2010/007112 A1 describes a method and a device for determining the discard state of a suspension element of an elevator.
  • a suspension element there may be a need for a suspension element, an elevator system equipped with such a suspension element, and a method for monitoring a condition of a suspension element, in which a condition of the suspension element can advantageously be monitored and, in particular, the integrity of the suspension element can be reliably checked.
  • a suspension element, an elevator system or a monitoring method in which, through suitable technical precautions, it is possible to advantageously determine the state of wear of the suspension element and, if necessary, to be able to determine when the suspension element is due for discard with high accuracy and/or reliability.
  • a suspension element for an elevator system having at least one elongated load-bearing element, a casing surrounding the load-bearing element, and a plurality of sensors.
  • the sensors are arranged on the suspension element at a plurality of positions which are spaced apart from one another along a longitudinal extension direction of the suspension element.
  • the sensors are designed to determine at least one physical property of the suspension element in an area locally adjacent to the respective sensor and to output a signal indicating the determined physical property.
  • an elevator system which has an elevator car, a drive and a suspension element according to an embodiment of the above first aspect of the invention.
  • the elevator car is held on the suspension element and can be displaced by moving the suspension element by means of the drive.
  • a method for monitoring a state of a suspension element according to an embodiment of the above-mentioned first aspect of the invention.
  • the procedure has the following steps on: First, signals are received which each indicate a determined physical property of a suspension element, which was determined by sensors attached to several different positions on the suspension element. The received signals are then suitably processed in order to determine information about the state of the suspension element.
  • a disadvantage of the known solutions is that, based on the information obtained over the entire length of the suspension element, it is possible to distinguish whether there is major local damage or long wear over the length, since the resistance values can be identical. This therefore has a significant influence on the remaining suspension element breaking load.
  • a modified suspension element for an elevator system in which physical properties of one or more load-bearing elements can be monitored at several positions along the suspension element, so that not only can the fact be determined that physical properties change in a load-bearing element, but also location information can be determined about the area of the suspension element in which such a change in physical properties has occurred.
  • the suspension element with a plurality of sensors. These sensors should not only be arranged at one or both opposite ends of the suspension element, but at many different positions, preferably along the entire length of the suspension element.
  • Each of the sensors should be designed to measure or determine one or more physical properties of the suspension element or of a load-bearing element accommodated in the casing of the suspension element in an area locally adjacent to the respective sensor.
  • the wording “physical property of the suspension element” should be interpreted broadly and should include both physical properties of one or more load-bearing elements accommodated in the suspension element or physical properties of the casing as well as physical properties in the immediate vicinity of the suspension element that affect the suspension element. Examples are explained below.
  • the “area locally adjacent to the respective sensor” can be interpreted in such a way that every position on the suspension element within this area is closer to the respective sensor than any of the other sensors provided on the suspension element. Each position along the suspension element can thus be assigned to one of the multiple areas locally adjacent to one of the respective multiple sensors.
  • suspension element proposed here, it is possible, among other things, to make advantageous use of the fact that a large number of sensors have already been developed for other areas of technology, which sensors can be used at different positions along the suspension element.
  • small or even miniaturized sensors have been developed that can be easily attached to a suspension element of an elevator system or can even be integrated into this suspension element.
  • sensors in the form of miniaturized semiconductor-based components have been developed, with the aid of which physical properties can be detected using a component formed, for example, on a microchip.
  • Such sensors can have dimensions and structures that allow them to be easily and reliably attached to or preferably incorporated into a casing of a suspension element.
  • such sensors can have dimensions of a few centimeters or even only a few millimeters, in particular less than 5 cm, less than 2 cm or less than 1 cm.
  • sensors have been developed in particular, which not only appear good for use in a suspension element of an elevator system because of their dimensions, but also because of their workability and processability, and fundamentally do not adversely affect the service life of the suspension element.
  • sensors have been developed for use in motor vehicle tires, which can be integrated into an elastomer mixture of a tire and on the tire, for example, can measure a tire internal pressure and/or accelerations occurring there. It is assumed that such sensors can also be used advantageously in suspension elements for elevator systems.
  • the sensors provided along the suspension element are designed to detect, as a physical property, a local expansion of the suspension element, a local bending of the suspension element, a local acceleration of the suspension element, a force acting locally on the suspension element, and/or electrical conductivity through the load-bearing element of the to determine the means of transport.
  • each of the physical properties determined with the help of such a sensor can be used to derive information about a current state of the suspension element.
  • indications can be determined which, for example, can give an indication of existing damage to the load-bearing element of the suspension element or which, at best, can already indicate changes within the suspension element which can possibly lead to such damage.
  • a sensor can monitor a local acceleration of the load-bearing element.
  • the monitoring of such local accelerations can give an indication of how heavily the respective area of the suspension element is mechanically stressed.
  • observing an excessively strong local acceleration in a region of the suspension element can indicate an existing defect in the suspension element.
  • the local accelerations can be measured in one or more spatial directions. Local accelerations are preferably measured at least in a direction transverse to a direction of longitudinal movement of the suspension element.
  • the senor can determine a force acting locally on the load-bearing element.
  • Such locally acting forces can, but do not necessarily have to, cause accelerations on the load-bearing element. However, they usually act as a mechanical load and thus potentially increase wear.
  • a local temperature of the suspension element can be determined as a further physical property to be monitored.
  • the temperatures prevailing in some areas of the suspension element can change over time due to various influences. In the simplest case, only the ambient temperature can change, for example in an elevator shaft. As a rule, such temperature changes are large-scale, ie not limited to local areas of the suspension element, and are generally not critical.
  • a temperature increase that occurs permanently and is limited to a small subarea of the suspension element can indicate local damage to the suspension element or to other components that are in thermal contact locally with it.
  • a temperature increase that occurs repeatedly but is limited in time in a partial area of the suspension element can indicate, for example, that the suspension element is repeatedly guided past a hot area or object such as an overheated traction sheave or deflection pulley.
  • Local temperature increases due to fires in or adjacent to an elevator shaft can also be detected by monitoring the temperature on the load-bearing element and advantageous countermeasures such as limiting the travel distance of an elevator system can be initiated.
  • Information about locally prevailing temperatures to be determined by one or a large number of sensors on the suspension element can thus advantageously be used to derive information not only about the state of the suspension element, but also about other environmental conditions important for the operation of an elevator system.
  • an electrical conductivity through the load-bearing element of the suspension element can be determined as a physical property to be monitored.
  • Such an electrical conductivity can, for example, also be determined locally between two sensors arranged next to one another, so that changes in conductivity can be detected not only along the entire suspension element but also within parts of it, and conclusions can be drawn from this, for example, about local damage.
  • a sensor can be designed to determine a single physical property. However, sensors can also be used that determine a number of different physical properties and can transmit corresponding measurement signals. For example, a sensor can measure both accelerations and temperatures.
  • a sensor can be designed to determine one or more physical properties continuously, quasi-continuously or at time intervals, preferably periodically. The signals indicating the determined physical properties can also be output continuously, quasi-continuously or at time intervals, preferably periodically.
  • the sensors can be designed to transmit the signal indicative of the determined physical property to a remotely arranged controller and/or an external monitoring device.
  • the sensors should not only be able to monitor a physical property of the suspension element and, for example, to store the measurement results obtained, but also to make associated measurement signals available to a remote controller.
  • This controller can be arranged, for example, in another area of the elevator installation or entirely outside the elevator installation, that is to say, for example, in a remote control center.
  • the controller can be designed to process and evaluate the signals received from the sensors in order to be able to determine the desired information about the state of the suspension element.
  • a current status of the Suspension means are monitored from a remote location.
  • a so-called tele-monitoring system made possible by this can, for example, enable an online query of the current state of the suspension element of an elevator system at any time without a person having to inspect the suspension element locally for this purpose, for example. In this way, for example, timely service planning can be made possible and downtimes of the elevator system can be minimized.
  • the sensors can be designed in particular to transmit their signals wirelessly to the remote controller. Such wireless signal transmission can take place, for example, using radio signals or the like.
  • a sensor in addition to a measuring unit, can also have a wireless signal transmission unit which, for example, can convert the measured signals into radio signals and transmit them to the external controller.
  • the signal transmission unit can be designed to send and/or receive signals. In this way, in particular, the amount of cabling required for the suspension element proposed here can be significantly reduced.
  • At least one of the sensors can be designed and be in contact with the at least one load-bearing element in such a way that a signal can be transmitted between the respective sensor and a remote controller through the load-bearing element.
  • the sensors do not necessarily have to be set up for wireless signal transmission.
  • the sensors can also transmit the measurement signals they determine via the load-bearing element of the suspension element, which is usually made of an electrically conductive material, to a remote control, for example.
  • Such signal transmission is often less susceptible to interference than wireless signal transmission, particularly in a narrow elevator shaft that is often provided with many metallic components.
  • additional cabling effort for each of the sensors can be avoided or minimized, since no additional cables for signal transmission are provided on the suspension element need, but such a signal transmission can take place via the load-bearing element serving as a data line in this case.
  • a number of sensors can transmit their signals to an external location, for example via various load-bearing elements provided in the suspension means.
  • several sensors can also transmit their signals via one and the same load-bearing element, whereby each sensor can e.g. code the signals it transmits in an individual way or mark them with an individual marker, to enable e.g. an external control to distinguish between coming from different sensors to distinguish between signals.
  • a sensor is designed and arranged in such a way that it penetrates the casing of the suspension element and comes into contact with the load-bearing element.
  • a sensor can be arranged, for example, on an outer surface of the suspension element and fastened there.
  • a sensor can be attached to any outer surface of the suspension element, but it may be preferable to arrange the sensor on a rear surface that does not come into contact with traction sheaves and/or deflection pulleys or comes into less contact than an oppositely arranged front-side contact surface of the suspension element.
  • Corresponding sensors can be retrofitted, in particular, to conventional suspension means or even to suspension means that have already been installed.
  • the casing only needs to be opened or penetrated locally in order to enable the sensor to make mechanical, electrical and/or thermal contact with the load-bearing element surrounded by the casing.
  • a sensor can have contact pins that can be pierced through the casing and pressed into the load-bearing element.
  • a suspension element can also be retrofitted with at least one sensor or even several sensors after (initial) installation.
  • At least one of the sensors can be integrated into the casing around the load-bearing element.
  • a sensor can be completely housed or encapsulated in the casing.
  • the sensor can thus become part of the suspension element.
  • the sensor can be covered by the casing similar to the load-bearing element and, for example, against external mechanical or chemical influences are protected.
  • the sensors can, however, be cast directly, for example, in an elastomer casing during production of the suspension element.
  • the sensors can be integrated into the suspension means in such a way that they are advantageously in mechanical, electrical and/or thermal contact with one or more load-bearing elements.
  • At least one of the sensors is designed to determine the physical properties and to transmit the associated signal without its own power supply.
  • a sensor can also be referred to as “passive” since it cannot become active of its own accord without external influence and can at best be read out passively.
  • a dedicated energy supply can be understood to mean, for example, an energy source assigned only to an individual sensor, such as a specially assigned battery.
  • Providing the suspension element with such passive sensors can simplify both manufacture and maintenance of the suspension element since, for example, a large number of batteries for the large number of sensors do not have to be kept, serviced and/or replaced at regular intervals.
  • the electrical or magnetic properties of a sensor change depending on the physical properties of the load-bearing element acting on it in an adjacent local area and that these changed properties can be read from the outside, for example.
  • electromagnetic radiation could be emitted from a controller to the sensor and reflected back by the sensor in a modified manner depending on the currently prevailing conditions, and then the reflected radiation could be detected and evaluated by the controller.
  • the senor can be designed for self-sufficient generation of energy, for example by providing suitable energy-generating elements, for example at least one piezo element.
  • energy can be supplied externally in some cases, for example by means of an RF signal.
  • This energy can be stored in a suitable energy storage element, so that the sensor can be operated at least for a specific time after the energy has been generated or the external energy supply. For example, the time between two trips can be bridged, which trip either generates the energy (piezo technology) or alternatively brings a sensor close to the energy source (externally supplied energy).
  • At least one of the sensors can be designed and in contact with the at least one load-bearing element in such a way that the sensor can be supplied with electrical energy via an electrical current flow through the load-bearing element.
  • a sensor does not have to be "passive" in the sense explained above, but an energy supply for the sensor does not have to be established via a large number of energy sources, such as batteries, to be provided decentrally and assigned to each individual sensor.
  • electrical energy can be made available to the sensors via the load-bearing element of the suspension element, which is usually electrically conductive anyway. Electrically isolated areas of a load-bearing element or, preferably, two separate electrically conductive load-bearing elements can be used as electrical conductors, to which an electrical voltage can be applied externally, for example, and which can thus be used as leads for providing an electrical energy supply for one or more of them attached sensors can serve.
  • the suspension means has a plurality of load-bearing elements running parallel to one another and the sensors are designed to detect the at least one physical property in at least one of the load-bearing elements, but preferably in several or even all of the load-bearing elements, in an area locally adjacent to to determine the respective sensor.
  • the suspension means can be equipped with a plurality of elongated load-bearing elements, often also referred to as cords, similar to conventional belts used as suspension means in an elevator system, which are held together in a sheath.
  • sensors can be arranged on or in the suspension element or on or in its casing. Each sensor can determine one or more physical properties in one or more of the load-bearing elements in an adjacent area and output corresponding signals to the outside.
  • the sensors can be arranged equidistantly from one another along the direction of longitudinal extension of the suspension element.
  • a distance between adjacent sensors in the direction of longitudinal extent can be the same for all of the sensors provided on the suspension element.
  • a suspension element can thus be manufactured and provided, for example, as a standardized and/or prefabricated component.
  • a suspension element in the form of a belt equipped with sensors can be manufactured with a very great length and then cut to the appropriate length for a specific application.
  • distances between sensors that are adjacent in the direction of extension of the suspension element can also be non-equidistant.
  • a distance between adjacent sensors can be suitably selected. For example, a distance between adjacent sensors in the range of a few centimeters, for example 10 cm, up to many meters, for example 5, 10 or even 20 m, can be selected.
  • a monitoring device can also be provided, which is designed to receive a signal indicating the determined physical property from various sensors attached to the suspension element and, by processing received signals, to provide information about to determine a current state of the suspension element.
  • the monitoring device can be arranged at a distance from the support means. Signals can be transmitted between the sensors and the monitoring device, for example wirelessly, via specially provided cabling on the suspension element, or by transmission of the signals through the electrically conductive load-bearing elements provided in the suspension element.
  • the monitoring device can be designed to carry out a method according to an embodiment of the third aspect of the present invention, ie to process the signals received from various sensors in order to determine information about the state of the suspension element therefrom.
  • information about the position at which the sensor is arranged on the suspension element is also available in addition to the information contained therein about the physical property determined by the sensor.
  • Such information can either be transmitted from the sensor along with the signals indicative of the physical property, or can be derived in some other way.
  • a "learning phase” can be carried out, during which, for example, the suspension element is specifically displaced by a drive of the elevator system and a behavior of the sensors attached to the suspension element or the signals transmitted by the sensors is "taught in " will.
  • each sensor can have a type of individual identifier, which can be transmitted to the monitoring device, for example, together with the signals that code the physical properties.
  • An individual position of a sensor individualized by its identifier can be determined in advance and stored, learned during a learning phase and/or determined, for example, on the basis of other position-dependent characteristics.
  • FIG. 1 shows an elevator system 100 with a suspension element 1 inserted therein according to an embodiment of the present invention.
  • the elevator installation 100 has an elevator car 102 which can be moved up and down within an elevator shaft 106 using a drive 104 .
  • the drive 104 is attached to a ceiling 108 of the elevator shaft 106, but could alternatively also be accommodated in a separate machine room, for example.
  • the drive 104 has an electric motor 110, by means of which a traction sheave 112 can be driven in rotation.
  • a surface of traction sheave 112 can be in frictional contact with a contact surface of suspension element 1 , so that rotation of traction sheave 112 can shift suspension element 1 along its direction of longitudinal extent 9 .
  • one end of the suspension element 1 is attached to the elevator car 102 in order to hold the elevator car 102 .
  • the suspension element 1 can also, for example, loop around a deflection pulley attached to the elevator car 102 and be attached to the ceiling 108 with its end.
  • An opposite end of the suspension element 1 can optionally hold a counterweight (not shown).
  • the elevator car 102 and, if applicable, the counterweight within the elevator shaft 106 can thus be moved by moving the suspension element 1 .
  • the drive 104 can be controlled by a controller 114 .
  • suspension element 1 can reliably fulfill its task of holding the elevator car 102 at all times.
  • a state of the suspension element 1 reflecting the integrity of the suspension element 1 should be monitored permanently or at least at suitable time intervals.
  • the elevator installation 100 proposed here has a large number of sensors 7 on its suspension element 1 for this purpose.
  • the sensors 7 are arranged on the suspension element 1 at a plurality of positions spaced apart from one another along the longitudinal extension direction 9 of the suspension element 1 .
  • sensors 7 are not only arranged at the ends of the suspension element 1 or the entire suspension element is connected to an external sensor system, as was usually the case, but several sensors 7 are arranged distributed over the length of the suspension element 1, like this that, for example, one or more sensors 7 are located in or near a center of the suspension element 1 in the direction of longitudinal extent 9 .
  • Each of the sensors 7 is designed to determine at least one physical property of the suspension element 1 in an area locally adjacent to the respective sensor 7 and to output a suitable signal 11 based on the determined physical property.
  • a local expansion of the suspension element 1, a local bending of the suspension element 1, a local acceleration of the suspension element 1, a force acting locally on the suspension element 1, and/or an electrical conductivity through the suspension element 1 are determined as physical properties.
  • a sensor 7 can be in mechanical, electrical, thermal or similar contact with the suspension element 1 or with its components such as, for example, load-bearing elements or a casing surrounding them.
  • a sensor 7 is designed to output the physical property measured or detected by it in the form of the signal 11 .
  • the signal 11 can be output as a radio signal, ie in the form of an electromagnetic wave 13, for example.
  • Receivers 15, 17 can then be provided in or on the elevator shaft 106, which can receive this signal 11 and forward it in a suitable manner.
  • a receiver 15 can be attached to the elevator car 102, so that it is driven through the elevator shaft 106 together with the elevator car 102 and, for example, in the vicinity of sensors 7, which are located in an area of the suspension element 1 near the end opposite the elevator car 102 are arranged, is passed.
  • Such a receiver 15 attached to the elevator car 102 thus repeatedly passes in the vicinity of many of the sensors 7 attached to the suspension element 1 during the operation of the elevator installation 100 or is itself in the vicinity of those sensors 7 which are attached to the suspension element 1 are mounted near the elevator car 102.
  • Data transmission to this receiver 15 therefore only needs to bridge short distances. In this way, good data transmission quality can be achieved.
  • a receiver 17 can be installed in a stationary manner in or on the elevator shaft 106 .
  • a stationary receiver 17 can be arranged near the center of the elevator shaft 106 .
  • Many of the sensors 7 attached to the support means are thereby used during the operation of the Elevator system 100 taking place process of the support means 1 passed several times near the receiver 17. Signal transmissions therefore only need to take place over short distances. Reliable data signal transmission from each of the sensors 7 to the receiver 17 is also possible in this way.
  • receivers 15, 17 can also be provided.
  • several stationary receivers 17 can be arranged along the height of the elevator shaft 106 .
  • the receivers 15, 17 can forward the signals 11 they receive from the sensors 7 to the controller 114, for example.
  • the signals 11 can be processed there in order to be able to determine the desired information about the state of the suspension element 1 therefrom.
  • the signals 11 can be transmitted to an external monitoring device 116 in order to be able to evaluate the signals 11 from there, i.e. for example from a remote control center, and to be able to evaluate the state of the elevator system 100 and in particular the suspension element 1 accommodated therein to monitor remotely.
  • the signals 11 can also be routed to the controller 114 and/or to the external monitoring device 116, for example through electrical lines accommodated in the suspension element 1 or attached to the suspension element 1.
  • the fact that electrically conductive structures in the form of metallic load-bearing elements accommodated therein, which are also used for signal transmission through the suspension element 1 ultimately to the controller 114 or the external monitoring device 116, can be used to advantage can be used.
  • the sensors 7 can couple the signals they generate into one of the electrically conductive load-bearing elements, for example.
  • the load-bearing element used for the signal line can then be connected to the outside, for example with a line connecting to the controller 114 or the monitoring device 116.
  • suspension means 1 In the Figures 2 to 4 different embodiments of suspension means 1 are shown in a perspective sectional view.
  • Each suspension element 1 has load-bearing elements 3 which are surrounded by a casing 5 .
  • the suspension element 1 shown is a flat belt, in which several load-bearing elements 3 extend parallel to the direction of longitudinal extension 9 of the suspension element 1 and are arranged parallel to one another next to one another.
  • load-bearing elements 3 of a belt are also referred to as "cords" and can, for example, have or consist of a mesh or a bundle of metal wires.
  • the load-bearing elements 3 can have a diameter in the range of typically one or a few millimeters up to a few centimeters.
  • a lateral distance between adjacent load-bearing elements 3 can be of approximately the same order of magnitude as the diameter of the load-bearing elements, ie can range from a few millimeters to a few centimetres.
  • each of the load-bearing elements 3 is surrounded by a part of the casing 5, so that the load-bearing elements 3 are separated from one another both mechanically and electrically.
  • the casing 5 can consist of a plastic material, in particular a polymer material, preferably an elastomer material.
  • the casing 5 together with the load-bearing elements 3 contained therein forms a unit in the form of the belt forming the suspension element 1 .
  • a front surface 19 of the belt forms the contact surface during use of the suspension element 1, via which the suspension element 1 is in frictional contact with the drive pulley 112 of the drive 104, for example.
  • This front surface 19 can be textured or flat, for example.
  • a textured front surface 19 can have, for example, a multiplicity of grooves or furrows 21 running parallel to one another.
  • a rear surface 21 opposite the front surface 19 is generally flat, ie not textured.
  • the suspension element 1 could also be provided with just a single load-carrying element 3 as the core and a sheath surrounding this core.
  • a plurality of sensors 7 are attached to the rear surface 21 of the casing 5 along the longitudinal extension direction 9 .
  • the sensors 7 are applied to the rear surface 21 and mechanically connected to it or mechanically anchored in it.
  • an extension 23 protrudes into the casing 5 .
  • this extension 23 can ensure the mechanical anchoring of the sensor 7 .
  • this extension 23 can establish a sensory contact with one of the load-bearing elements 3 within the casing 5, so that the sensor 7 is mechanically, electrically, thermally or in a similar way connected to the load-bearing element 3 via this extension 23. In this way, the sensor 7 can determine physical properties of the suspension element 1 and in particular of the load-bearing element 3 accommodated therein.
  • the senor 7 can detect a stretching or bending occurring locally on the load-bearing element 3 via the extension 23 .
  • a stretching or bending occurring locally on the load-bearing element 3 via the extension 23 e.g. changes in length, changes in orientation and/or changes in tension within the load-bearing element 3 can be measured.
  • the senor 7 can be used to measure forces or accelerations acting locally on the suspension element 1 directly or possibly via its extension 23, in particular forces or accelerations acting locally on the load-bearing element 3 accommodated therein.
  • the sensor 7 can also be used to measure temperatures such as those prevailing locally on the rear surface 21 or as prevailing within the suspension element 1, for example on a contacted load-bearing element 3.
  • an electrical voltage can be generated between two sensors 7 arranged adjacent to one another, thereby causing an electrical current to flow through the load-bearing element 3 connecting between them.
  • changes in an electric current caused in this way can then provide indications of possible damage to the load-bearing element 3 .
  • the damage can not only be detected, but also localized as being in the area between the two sensors 7 .
  • each sensor 7 is provided with a sensor system 25 as well as with a transmitting and/or receiving unit 27 .
  • the sensor system 25 serves to measure the physical property of the suspension element 1 that is to be determined.
  • the transmitting and/or receiving unit 27 can then convert the determined measurement signal into a signal 11 to be output. This signal 11 can then be transmitted to the controller 114 and/or the external monitoring device 116, for example, for further processing and evaluation.
  • Such a signal transmission can in turn take place wirelessly, for example with the aid of electromagnetic waves 13 .
  • the transmitting and/or receiving unit 27 can also couple the generated signal 11 into the electrically conductive load-bearing element 3, for example via the extension 23, and transmit it via this, for example, to the controller 114 and, if necessary, from there on to the external monitoring device 116.
  • individual wiring of each sensor 7 would be conceivable.
  • neighboring sensors 7 can also exchange signals 11 and data not only with the controller 114 and/or the external monitoring device 116, but signal transmission between neighboring sensors 7 is also conceivable.
  • the neighboring sensors 7 can, for example, communicate with one another wirelessly, for example with the aid of electromagnetic waves 14 . In this way, an exchange of information between sensors 7 is conceivable, for example.
  • neighboring sensors 7 can, for example, coordinate an electrical current flow through a section of a load-bearing element 3 connecting them in this way, in order to be able to locally determine a change in an electrical resistance or another electrical variable within the load-bearing element 3.
  • This makes it possible, in particular, to determine and evaluate changes in electrical properties within load-bearing elements 3 of a suspension element 1 not only globally, i.e. for the entire load-bearing element 3, but also locally, i.e. for example in regions between two adjacent sensors .
  • sensors 7 can be attached to the suspension element 1 along the direction of longitudinal extension 9 in such a way that they each contact one and the same load-bearing element 3 (in the example shown, the third from the left) and determine corresponding local physical properties in the vicinity of this load-bearing element 3.
  • additional sensors 8 are arranged on the suspension element 1, with the aid of which, for example, other physical properties such as a temperature or the like can be measured locally, from which additional information about a current local state of the suspension element 1 can preferably be derived .
  • a sensor 7 is integrated into the casing 5 of the suspension element 1.
  • the sensor 7 is located completely within the casing 5 and is thus protected by the casing 5 against mechanical and/or chemical influences in a manner similar to the load-bearing elements 3 .
  • the sensor 7 extends essentially over the entire width of the belt-like suspension element 1.
  • Several extensions 23 contact each of the load-bearing elements 3 accommodated in the suspension element 1. Physical properties of the suspension element 1 can be found in areas on or adjacent to each of the load-bearing elements 3 are determined locally.
  • a sensor 7 is accommodated even deeper inside the suspension element 1 .
  • the sensor 7 is accommodated laterally between load-bearing elements 3 running adjacent to one another and is thus located deep inside the casing 5.
  • the sensor 7 can in turn contact one or, in the example shown, two load-bearing elements 3 running adjacent to it via extensions 23 in order to be able to determine their physical properties locally.
  • the sensor 7 can also be supplied with energy with the aid of one or more load-bearing elements 3 accommodated in the suspension element 1 .
  • a sensor as in 4 shown contact two separate load-bearing elements 3 with the extensions 23 or other contacting options, to which a suitable electrical voltage was applied externally in order to be able to use a current flow through the load-bearing elements 3 to provide energy for the sensor 7 .
  • the sensors 7 can be in the form of passive components or each be equipped with its own power supply, such as a battery.
  • the sensors can be sufficiently small to only be able to be attached locally to the suspension element or even to be able to be integrated into it. With the help of these sensors, physical properties such as bending, loading, temperature and/or vibration can be detected on or in the suspension element.
  • the sensors in the suspension element can be used to determine how often a section of the suspension element is bent. This can be used, for example, to derive when the suspension element is ready for discard. Among other things, this can have the advantage that a history can be determined over an entire travel range of the suspension element and the suspension element can be exchanged at the right point in time without, for example, dropping below a required breaking load.
  • Impermissibly high local accelerations can indicate a defect, so that, for example, the elevator system can be taken out of service.
  • the state of the suspension element determined using the signals from the sensors can be evaluated by a controller or an external monitoring device and, for example, assigned information can be forwarded to an elevator controller.
  • a change in acceleration behavior compared to, for example, a new condition can lead to a premature end of use of the suspension element.
  • a load condition can be determined very precisely, for example, by information relating to a respective tensile stress in a suspension element, which is detected by the sensors. This information can provide the controller with the loading status of the cabin.
  • voltage differences within several suspension elements can be displayed for a fitter and can be readjusted during assembly or in a service case. As a result, among other things, the service life of the suspension means can be better utilized and driving comfort can be maintained.
  • Temperatures in individual segments of the suspension element can provide information in the event of a fire. For example, a route within the elevator system can be restricted and the system can therefore remain in operation longer.
  • the sensors are attached at a certain distance in or on the suspension element.
  • the sensors can be arranged, for example, on the back or on a running profile of the suspension element or in the suspension element.
  • the sensors can be attached to electrically conductive cords and/or fibers or be attached in an electrically insulated manner.
  • a signal can be transmitted either via a conductor to an endpoint or directly via telemetry to a receiver.
  • a position of the sensors can be taught in using a teach-in process, which can provide additional information, but is optional.
  • Information on the suspension equipment such as production time, production lot and suspension equipment type can be stored directly by the supplier in the sensor system. Temperature information, acceleration states and suspension element stresses over local sections can be supplied to the controller for further processing.

Landscapes

  • Lift-Guide Devices, And Elevator Ropes And Cables (AREA)
  • Force Measurement Appropriate To Specific Purposes (AREA)
  • Maintenance And Inspection Apparatuses For Elevators (AREA)

Claims (14)

  1. Moyen de suspension (1) destiné à une installation d'ascenseur (100), le moyen de suspension (1) présentant :
    au moins un élément porteur de charge (3) allongé ;
    un boîtier (5) entourant l'élément porteur de charge (3) ;
    une pluralité de capteurs (7), lesquels sont disposés sur le moyen de suspension (3) en plusieurs positions espacées les unes des autres le long d'une direction d'extension longitudinale (9) du moyen de suspension (1),
    dans lequel les capteurs (7) sont configurés pour déterminer au moins une propriété physique du moyen de suspension (1) dans une zone localement adjacente au capteur (7) respectif et pour délivrer un signal (11) indiquant la propriété physique déterminée,
    caractérisé en ce que les capteurs (7) sont configurés pour déterminer au moins une propriété physique choisie dans un groupe comprenant un allongement local du moyen de suspension (1), une flexion locale du moyen de suspension (1), une accélération locale du moyen de suspension (1), une force agissant localement sur le moyen de suspension (1) et une conductivité électrique à travers le moyen de suspension (1).
  2. Moyen de suspension selon la revendication 1, dans lequel les capteurs (7) sont configurés pour transmettre le signal (11) indiquant la propriété physique déterminée à au moins une télécommande (114) et un dispositif de surveillance externe (116).
  3. Moyen de suspension selon la revendication 2, dans lequel au moins l'un des capteurs (7) est configuré pour transmettre le signal (11) sans fil.
  4. Moyen de suspension selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins l'un des capteurs (7) est configuré et en contact avec l'au moins un élément porteur de charge (3) de telle manière que la transmission de signaux entre les capteurs (7) et une télécommande (114) ou un dispositif de surveillance externe (116) peut être effectuée à travers l'élément porteur de charge (3).
  5. Moyen de suspension selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins une partie d'un capteur (7) pénètre dans le boîtier (5) et est en contact avec l'élément porteur de charge (3).
  6. Moyen de suspension selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins l'un des capteurs (7) est intégré au boîtier (5).
  7. Moyen de suspension selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins l'un des capteurs (7) est prévu sous la forme d'un composant à base de semi-conducteur miniaturisé.
  8. Moyen de suspension selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins l'un des capteurs (7) est configuré pour déterminer la propriété physique et pour transmettre le signal (11) sans sa propre alimentation en énergie.
  9. Moyen de suspension selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel au moins l'un des capteurs (7) est configuré et est en contact avec l'au moins un élément porteur de charge (3) de telle manière que l'alimentation en énergie électrique peut être fournie au capteur (7) par l'intermédiaire d'un passage de courant électrique à travers l'élément porteur de charge (3).
  10. Moyen de suspension selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel le moyen de suspension (1) présente plusieurs éléments porteurs de charge (3) s'étendant parallèlement les uns aux autres et les capteurs (7) sont configurés pour déterminer l'au moins une propriété physique dans au moins un des éléments porteurs de charge dans une zone localement adjacente au capteur (7) respectif.
  11. Moyen de suspension selon l'une des revendications précédentes, dans lequel les capteurs (7) sont disposés à égale distance les uns des autres le long de la direction d'extension longitudinale (9).
  12. Installation d'ascenseur (100) présentant :
    une cabine d'ascenseur (102) ;
    un entraînement (104) ;
    un moyen de suspension (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11,
    dans laquelle la cabine d'ascenseur (102) est maintenue sur le moyen de suspension (1) et la cabine d'ascenseur (102) doit être déplacée en déplaçant le moyen de suspension (1) au moyen de l'entraînement (104).
  13. Installation d'ascenseur selon la revendication 12, présentant en outre un dispositif de surveillance externe (116) qui est configuré pour recevoir un signal (11) indiquant la propriété physique déterminée à partir de divers capteurs (7) fixés au moyen de suspension (1) et pour déterminer, en traitant les signaux (11) reçus, des informations concernant un état du moyen de suspension (1).
  14. Procédé de surveillance d'un état d'un moyen de suspension (1) selon l'une des revendications 1 à 11, le procédé présentant :
    la réception de signaux (11), lesquels indiquent respectivement une propriété physique déterminée du moyen de suspension (1) et lesquelles ont été déterminées par des capteurs (7) fixés à plusieurs positions différentes sur le moyen de suspension (1), la propriété physique étant choisie dans un groupe comprenant un allongement local du moyen de suspension (1), une flexion locale du moyen de suspension (1), une accélération locale du moyen de suspension (1), une force agissant localement sur le moyen de suspension (1), et une conductivité électrique à travers le moyen de suspension (1), et
    le traitement des signaux (11) reçus afin de déterminer à partir de ceux-ci des informations concernant l'état du moyen de suspension (1).
EP17707904.3A 2016-03-10 2017-03-02 Elément de support pour installation d'ascenseur, comportant plusieurs détecteurs disposés le long du moyen de support Active EP3426587B1 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
EP16159641 2016-03-10
PCT/EP2017/054919 WO2017153250A1 (fr) 2016-03-10 2017-03-02 Elément de support pour installation d'ascenseur, comportant plusieurs détecteurs disposés le long du moyen de support

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EP3426587A1 EP3426587A1 (fr) 2019-01-16
EP3426587B1 true EP3426587B1 (fr) 2022-05-04

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US (1) US20190071282A1 (fr)
EP (1) EP3426587B1 (fr)
CN (1) CN108712996B (fr)
CA (1) CA3014710A1 (fr)
HK (1) HK1257064A1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017153250A1 (fr)

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HK1257064A1 (zh) 2019-10-11
CN108712996B (zh) 2020-04-07
CN108712996A (zh) 2018-10-26
EP3426587A1 (fr) 2019-01-16
CA3014710A1 (fr) 2017-09-14
WO2017153250A1 (fr) 2017-09-14
US20190071282A1 (en) 2019-03-07

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