EP3426423B1 - Device for producing cast parts, such as aluminum castings, in a pressure method or low-pressure method - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a device for producing castings, such as cast aluminum, in the pressure process or low-pressure process using a casting tool, which consists of movably arranged side parts with a base plate that accommodates a lower part or a lower mold part and a plate that has an upper part or upper mold part, with at least The upper part with a demolding plate and the upper mold part can be adjusted in the vertical direction with respect to the base of the casting tool using at least one adjusting device and which can also be adjusted in the horizontal direction using the and/or other adjusting devices.

It is already a tool from the DE 102 34 026 C1 is known, which relates to a device for the production of castings, such as cast aluminum, in the pressure process or low-pressure process, which consists of movably arranged side parts with a base plate receiving a lower part or a lower mold part and a plate having an upper part or upper mold part, with at least the upper part with a demolding plate and the upper mold part with respect to the base of the casting tool can be adjusted in the vertical direction using at least one adjusting device and the side parts can also be adjusted in the horizontal direction using the and/or other adjusting devices. With such a device, a short and simultaneous or simultaneous movement of the adjustable components cannot be achieved. Furthermore, the production of the known device is complex and expensive.

The invention is based on the object of designing and arranging the device in such a way that a simultaneous or contemporaneous movement of the adjustable components is achieved and the demolding process runs in such a way that the cast part is not damaged.

The object is achieved according to the invention by a device according to claim 1.

It is also advantageous for two or more sliding surfaces to interact in order to demould the cast part. This will the cast part, which is surrounded by the side slides during the casting process, is moved upwards with the upper part after cooling and then demolded from the upper part. By lowering and continuously moving the side shifters out to the side, the castings are loosened without damaging the surface of the casting in particular, laid down on a transport plate and moved out to the side. Due to the demolding according to the invention, there is also no distortion on the front side of the cast part.

Due to the simultaneous kinematics of the individual parts in connection with the numerous sliding surfaces, the cast part is released very quickly and, in particular, uniformly from the upper tool or upper part and is thus demoulded evenly and non-destructively.

It is advantageous that five pairs of sliding surfaces are assigned to the casting tool.

• wobei das zweite in einem Winkel von 45° verlaufende Gleitflächenpaar aus der dritten am ersten Gleitelement oder einer T-Leiste vorgesehenen dritten Gleitfläche und einer vierten an einem Gleitelement oder einer Kippleiste vorgesehenen Gleitfläche besteht,
• wobei das dritte in einem Winkel von 45° verlaufende Gleitflächenpaar aus einer fünften am ersten Gleitelement vorgesehenen Gleitfläche und einer sechsten an der Entformungsplatte vorgesehenen Gleitfläche besteht,
• wobei das vierte horizontal verlaufende Gleitflächenpaar aus einer siebten an der Entformungsplatte vorgesehenen horizontalen Gleitfläche und einer achten am ersten Gleitelement oder der T-Leiste horizontal vorgesehenen Gleitfläche besteht,
• wobei das fünfte horizontal verlaufende Gleitflächenpaar aus einer neunten am ersten Gleitelement oder der T-Leiste vorgesehenen Gleitfläche und einer zehnten am Oberteil vorgesehenen Gleitfläche) besteht.

It is of particular importance for the present invention that the first pair of sliding surfaces running at an angle of 45° consists of a first sliding surface provided on the first sliding element or a T-strip and a second sliding surface provided on the upper part,

• wherein the second pair of sliding surfaces running at an angle of 45° consists of the third sliding surface provided on the first sliding element or a T-strip and a fourth sliding surface provided on a sliding element or a tilting strip,
• wherein the third pair of sliding surfaces running at an angle of 45° consists of a fifth sliding surface provided on the first sliding element and a sixth sliding surface provided on the demolding plate,
• wherein the fourth horizontally extending pair of sliding surfaces consists of a seventh horizontal sliding surface provided on the mold release plate and an eighth sliding surface provided horizontally on the first sliding element or the T-bar,
• wherein the fifth horizontally extending pair of sliding surfaces consists of a ninth sliding surface provided on the first sliding element or the T-bar and a tenth sliding surface provided on the upper part).

It is also advantageous that the plate or the upper part and the second sliding element or the tilting strip are firmly connected to one another and connected to the casting tool, with the second sliding element being in direct or indirect contact with the demolding plate against the sliding element or the T-strip or the tilting strip with the third and fourth as well as with the fifth and sixth sliding surface and the further horizontal sliding surfaces of the first sliding element or the T-strip as well as the first and second sliding surface the first sliding element are moved outwards far enough that the fifth and sixth sliding surfaces the demolding plate and the first sliding element or T-bar come into contact and, with a further movement of the adjusting device in the vertical direction, the side parts or side slides are forcibly moved downwards and outwards in an inclined plane.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the first sliding element is designed as a T-bar and consists of a horizontal part and a vertically arranged web in which an opening is provided for receiving a fastening element, with the aid of which it is connected to the side part.

It is also advantageous that the second sliding element or tilting strip and the upper part are firmly connected to one another via fastening elements and are connected to the casting tool in a vertically adjustable manner, the web provided on the first sliding element being received in a slot opening provided in the upper part and allows lateral adjustment of the side part or side shift.

It is also advantageous that the first sliding element is designed as a T-bar and has two first and fifth sliding surfaces arranged in opposite directions at a 45° angle, which are provided in the area of one end of the horizontal part, with a recess on the underside of the first sliding element is provided with the third sliding surface, in which the second sliding element is accommodated in such a way that a lateral adjustment of the first sliding element in the side part is permitted, so that the fifth and sixth sliding surfaces can come into contact and thereby the side parts downwards in the vertical direction and outwards can be adjusted in the horizontal direction and the demolding plate has a plurality of sliding surfaces on the outer circumference, which come into contact with the sliding surfaces of the first sliding element.

Furthermore, it is advantageous that the side parts consist of at least two or more side part segments, which are fed to one another via obliquely running sliding or sliding strips in the direction of the center or vertical longitudinal central axis and thus close the casting tool and the obliquely running sliding surfaces of the second sliding element and of the first sliding element or the T-bar and the sliding surfaces on the first sliding element or the T-bar and the upper part are arranged horizontally in such a way that when the demoulding plate is adjusted in the vertical direction, the first sliding element or the T-bar is displaced in the direction allow to the outside As a result, the overall costs of the manufacturing process for castings are reduced, since the moving components can also be dismantled quickly and easily or continuously. This also results in shorter downtimes for the entire device and thus also in considerable cost savings. With help the advantageously trained simultaneous kinematics and by using only one actuator z. B. in the form of a single actuating cylinder, the machine costs can be further reduced.

Further advantages and details of the invention are explained in the patent claims and in the description and shown in the figures.

Fig. 1

Anfangsstellung des Gießwerkzeuges vor dem Entformungsvorgang und damit in der geschlossenen Stellung der Seitenteile mit dem Formteil bzw. dem Gussteil;

Fig. 2a

das senkrechte Öffnen des Gießwerkzeugs in Z-Richtung und damit der Beginn der Entformungsstufe;

Fig. 2b

eine Teilansicht des Beispiels, gemäß Fig. 2a;

Fig. 3a

die erste Entformungsstufe sowie die gemeinsamen senkrechten Bewegungsstufen der Entformungsplatte, der T-Leiste und des Seitenschiebers nach unten in Z-Richtung und die gleichzeitige Bewegung der T-Leiste 8 und des Seitenschiebers 4 nach außen in X-Richtung; Fig. 3b eine Teilansicht des Gießwerkzeugs, gemäß Fig. 3a; Fig. 3c eine Draufsicht des Gießwerkzeugs, gemäß Fig. 3a;

Fig. 4a

die zweite Entformungsstufe sowie die gemeinsame senkrechte Bewegung der Entformungsplatte nach unten in Z-Richtung sowie eine gleichzeitige Bewegung des Seitenschiebers, der T-Leiste senkrecht nach außen in X-Richtung, wobei die beiden oberen Gleitflächen in einer Ebene verlaufen;

Fig. 4b

eine Teilansicht des Gießwerkzeugs, gemäß Fig.4a;

Fig. 4c

eine Draufsicht des Gießwerkzeugs, gemäß Fig. 4a,

Fig. 5a

die dritte Entformungsstufe sowie die gemeinsame senkrechte Bewegung der Entformungsplatte nach unten in Z-Richtung sowie die gleichzeitige Bewegung des Seitenschiebers, der T-Leiste nach außen in X-Richtung, wobei die fünfte und sechste Gleitfläche zur Anlage kommen;

Fig. 5b

eine Teilansicht des Gießwerkzeugs, gemäß Fig. 5a;

Fig. 5c

eine Draufsicht des Gießwerkzeugs, gemäß Fig. 5a;

Fig. 6

die Platte bzw. das Oberteil;

Fig. 7

eine 3D-Darstellung der T-Leiste;

Fig. 8

die Unterseite der Entformungsplatte;

Fig. 9

eine 3D-Darstellung des zweiten Gleitelements oder der Kippleiste,

Fig. 10

eine Teilansicht in 3D-Darstellung eines der vier verstellbaren Seitenschieber;

Fig. 11

eine Explosions-Darstellung des Gießwerkzeugs.

show:

1

Initial position of the casting tool before the demolding process and thus in the closed position of the side parts with the molded part or the cast part;

Figure 2a

the vertical opening of the mold in the Z-direction and thus the start of the demoulding stage;

Figure 2b

a partial view of the example according to FIG Figure 2a ;

Figure 3a

the first demolding stage and the common vertical moving stages of the demolding plate, the T-bar and the side slide downwards in the Z-direction and the simultaneous movement of the T-bar 8 and the side slide 4 outwards in the X-direction; Figure 3b a partial view of the casting tool according to FIG Figure 3a ; 3c a plan view of the casting tool, according to FIG Figure 3a ;

Figure 4a

the second demolding stage and the joint vertical movement of the demolding plate downwards in the Z-direction and a simultaneous movement of the side slide, the T-bar vertically outwards in the X-direction, with the two upper sliding surfaces running in one plane;

Figure 4b

a partial view of the casting tool according to FIG Figure 4a ;

Figure 4c

a plan view of the casting tool, according to FIG Figure 4a ,

Figure 5a

the third demoulding stage and the joint vertical movement of the demolding plate downwards in the Z-direction and the simultaneous movement of the sideshifter, the T-bar outwards in the X-direction, with the fifth and sixth sliding surfaces coming into contact;

Figure 5b

a partial view of the casting tool according to FIG Figure 5a ;

Figure 5c

a plan view of the casting tool, according to FIG Figure 5a ;

6

the plate or top;

7

a 3D rendering of the T bar;

8

the underside of the demolding plate;

9

a 3D representation of the second sliding element or the toggle bar,

10

a partial view in 3D representation of one of the four adjustable side shifters;

11

an exploded view of the casting tool.

In 1 20 denotes a casting tool for a device for producing cast parts 9, such as cast aluminum, in the pressure process or low-pressure process, with the process pressure for the device described below being around 1 bar or even slightly higher.

The casting tool 20 consists of a plurality of movably arranged side parts 4 with a base plate 1 accommodating a lower part or a lower mold part 3 and a plate having an upper part 7 or upper mold part 5 . At least the upper part 7 is connected to a cover plate 14 of the device by means of a spacer column 14 . A demolding plate 10 is connected to the upper mold part 5 of the device and can be adjusted in the vertical direction Z with the aid of at least one adjusting device 17 with respect to the base of the casting tool 20, and the side parts 4 can also be adjusted in the horizontal direction X with the aid of the and/or another adjusting device adjustable.

At least the one adjusting device 17 interacts directly or indirectly with the demolding plate 10 for demolding the cast part 9 . During the vertical adjusting process of the adjusting device 17, the upper mold part 5 is first adjusted in the vertical direction Z and then the side parts 4 in the vertical direction X, likewise at least via the one adjusting device 17.

The adjusting device 17 interacts with positive control elements which cause a continuous or uniform movement of the side parts or side slides 4 in the vertical and horizontal direction in relation to the base of the casting tool.

The forced control elements are designed as sliding surfaces 18a, 18b, 19a, 19b, 50a, 50b, 60a, 60b, 70a, 70b. Two or more 18a, 18b, 19a, 19b, 50a, 50b, 60a, 60b, 70a, 70b work together to demould the cast part 9. The device or the casting tool 20 is assigned five pairs of sliding surfaces.

The first pair of sliding surfaces 18a, 18b running at an angle of 45° consists of a first sliding surface 18a provided on the first sliding element or a T-bar 8 and a second sliding surface 18b provided on the upper part 7.

The second sliding surface pair 19a, 19b running at an angle of 45° consists of the third sliding surface 19a provided on the first sliding element or a T-strip 8 and a fourth sliding surface 19b provided on the sliding element or on the tilting strip 11.

The third sliding surface pair 50a, 50b running at an angle of 45° consists of a fifth sliding surface 50a provided on the first sliding element 8 and a sixth sliding surface 50b provided on the mold release plate 10.

The fourth pair of sliding surfaces 60a, 60b consists of a seventh horizontal sliding surface 60a provided on the mold release plate 10 and an eighth horizontal sliding surface 60b provided on the first sliding element or the T-bar 8.

The fifth horizontally extending pair of sliding surfaces 70a, 70b consists of a ninth sliding surface 70a provided on the first sliding element or a T-bar 8 and a tenth sliding surface 70b provided on the upper part 7.

The upper part 7 and the second sliding element or tilting strip 11 are firmly connected to one another via fastening elements, are firmly connected to the casting tool 20 and are therefore not adjustable in the vertical direction. The casting tool 20 has an opening 25 in which the casting is formed ( Figure 5c .).

The first sliding element 8 according to 7 has a vertical web 21 and is connected to the side part 4 by means of a fastening element or a bolt, not shown. The bolt extends through a bore 53 provided in the T-part 8 and a slot opening 51 provided in the upper part 7 ( 6 ) to the side panel 4.

Since the plate or the upper part 7 and the second sliding element or the tilting strip 11 are firmly connected to one another and directly or indirectly connected to the casting tool 20, when the demolding plate 10 directly or indirectly rests against the first sliding element or the T-strip 8 and thus in accordance with indirect action on the side part 4, the T-bar 8 with the side part 4 outwards in direction X Figure 4b , shifted so that the sliding surfaces 50a and 50b run on an inclined plane at an angle of 45° with respect to the base of the device. In the position according to Figure 4b can with further adjustment of the plate or demoulding plate 10 in the Z direction, the sliding surface 50b comes to rest against the sliding surface 50a and thereby displaces the T-bar 8 and the side part 4 on an inclined plane in the ZX direction, since during this movement the sliding surfaces 18a, 18b and 19a, 19b still more slidingly touch. In this setting process, the side part 4 and in the continued adjustment of Figure 4b 5b is continuously moved away from the cast part 9 and is thus ultimately completely released, so that it can be released downwards in the Z-direction onto a transport plate and moved out of the device to the side.

Since the first sliding element is designed as a T-bar 8 and consists of a horizontal part and the vertically arranged web 21, in which the opening 53 is provided for receiving a fastening element, not shown in the drawing, the web 21 and a horizontally running part 22 and thus the sliding element 8 can be firmly connected to the side part 4 . The T-bar 8 and the side part 4 are therefore adjusted together in the Z and X directions.

The mold release plate 10 has several, in particular 8, sliding surfaces 50b on the outer circumference, which come into contact with the sliding surfaces 50a of the first sliding element 8 .

The side panels 4 are made according to Figure 5c , 10 , consisting of at least two, in particular four side part segments, which are fed towards one another in the direction of the center or vertical longitudinal central axis via sloping and interacting sliding or sliding strips 6, 13 arranged on a corner part 16 of the base plate 1 and on the side part 4, in order to thereby form the casting tool 20 to be closed again after the demolding process, so that the casting tool 20 can be filled with melt again via a sprue bushing 2 at a low pressure of approx. 1 bar to 5 bar can. According to FIG. 19, the side parts have inwardly directed concave shaped surfaces which determine the outer sides of the cast part 9.

The slip surface function is summarized again below: in Figure 2b shows the sliding surface function and the directions of movement of the sliding surfaces 60a + 60b opposite to the X-direction. This adjustment path is caused by the contact of the sliding surfaces 19a, 19b, since the parts 7 and 11 cannot be moved laterally when the part or the demolding plate 10 is adjusted, but only the first sliding element 8 can be adjusted in the X direction. During the setting process of Figure 2b According to FIG. 3b, the sliding surfaces 18a, 18b and 19a, 19b come into contact and thereby cause the T-bar 8 and the side part 4 of FIG Figure 3b after Figure 4b The distance between the cast part 9 and the side part 4 increases continuously. With the help of the system of the sliding surfaces 18a, 18b, 19a, 19b, 60a, 60b, a movement of the T-bar 8 and the Seitentele 4 in the Z and X direction, ie on an inclined plane, and thus a downward movement according to Figure 4b , 5b causes. Here the sliding surfaces 50a, 50b, 70a, 70b work together.

Reference List

1

base plate

2

sprue bushing

3

Lower part, lower molding

4

Side panel, side shift

5

Upper part, upper molding

6

Sliding bar, slider bar

7

plate, top

8th

first sliding element, T-bar

9

casting
10 plate, mold release plate
11 second sliding element, toggle bar
12 guide column
13 sliding strip, sliding strip
14 spacer column
15 cover plate
16 corner part
17 actuator, hydraulic cylinder
18a 1st sliding surface on part 8
18b 2nd sliding surface on part 7
19a 3rd sliding surface on part 8.
19b 4. Sliding surface on part 11
20 casting tool
21 footbridge
22 horizontal part
23 bottom
24 recess
25 1st opening
50a 5. Sliding surface on part 8
50b 6. Sliding surface on part 10
51 slot opening
53 2. Opening, bore
60a 7. Sliding surface on part 10
60b 8. Sliding surface on part 8
70a 9. Sliding surface on part 8
70b 10. Sliding surface on part 7

X

horizontal direction

Z

vertical direction

Claims (12)

1. A device for producing cast parts such as an aluminum casting in a pressure method or a low pressure method with the aid of a casting tool (20) that comprises movably arranged side parts (4), a base plate (1) receiving a lower part or a lower molded part (3) and a plate having both an upper part (7) and an upper molded part (5) or having an upper molded part (5), wherein at least the upper part (7) is adjustable by a demolding plate (10) and by the upper molded part (5) in the vertical direction (Z) with respect to the base surface of the casting tool (20) with the aid of an adjustment device (17) and the side parts (4) are likewise adjustable in the horizontal direction (X) with the aid of the adjustment device (17) and positive control elements that interact therewith and that are formed as sliding surfaces (18a, 18b, 19a, 19b, 50a, 50b, 60a, 60b, 70a, 70b),
   wherein the adjustment device (17) interacts with the demolding plate (10) and said positive control elements for the demolding of a cast part (9) such that the demolding plate (10) and the side parts (4) are first adjustable in the perpendicular direction (Z); such that the side parts (4) are then moved in an inclined direction (Z-X) with respect to the base surface of the casting tool; and such that the side parts (4) are finally moved in the horizontal direction (X).
2. A device in accordance with claim 1,
   characterized in that
   a respective two or more sliding surfaces (18a, 18b, 19a, 19b, 50a, 50b, 60a, 60b, 70a, 7b) interact to demold the casting (9).
3. A device in accordance with claim 1 or claim 2,
   characterized in that
   five sliding surface pairs are associated with the casting tool (20).
4. A device in accordance with claim 3,
   characterized in that

   the first sliding surface pair (18a, 18b) extending at an angle of 45° comprises a first sliding surface (18a) provided at the first sliding element or at a T rail (8) and a second sliding surface (18b) provided at the upper part (7),

   with the second sliding surface pair (19a, 19b) extending at an angle of 45° comprising the third sliding surface (19a) provided at the first sliding element or at a T rail (8) and a fourth sliding surface (19b) provided at a sliding element or at a tilt rail (11);

   with the third sliding surface pair (50a, 50b) extending at an angle of 45° comprising a fifth sliding surface (50a) provided at the first sliding element (8) and a sixth sliding surface (50b) provided at the demolding plate (10); with the fourth horizontally extending sliding surface pair (60a, 60b) comprising a seventh horizontal sliding surface (60a) provided at the demolding plate (10) and an eighth sliding surface (60b) horizontally provided at the first sliding element or at the T rail (8); and

   with the fifth horizontally extending sliding surface pair (70a, 70b) comprising a ninth sliding surface (70a) provided at the first sliding element or at the T rail (8) and a tenth sliding surface (70b) provided at the upper part (7).
5. A device in accordance with claim 4,
   characterized in that
   the plate or the upper part (7) and the second sliding element or the tilt rail (11) are fixedly connected to one another and are connected to the casting tool (20), with. on an indirect or direct contact of the demolding plate (10) with the sliding element or the T rail (8), the second sliding element or the tilt rail (11) having the third and fourth (19a, 19b) and the fifth and sixth sliding surfaces (50a, 50b), and the further horizontally extending sliding surface (70a, 70b) of the first sliding element or of the T rail (8) and of the first and second sliding surfaces (18a, 18b)), the first sliding element (8) being moved so far outwardly that the fifth and sixth sliding surfaces (50a, 50b) of the demolding plate (10) and, on a further movement of the adjustment device (17) in the vertical direction, the first sliding element or T rail (8) come into contact and the side parts or side pushers (4) are moved in a positive manner downwardly and outwardly in an inclined plane (X, Z).
6. A device in accordance with claim 4,
   characterized in that
   the first sliding element is formed as a T rail (8) and comprises a horizontal part (22) and a vertically arranged web (21) in which an opening (53) for receiving a fastening element is provided with whose aid it is connected to the side part (4).
7. A device in accordance with claim 6,
   characterized in that
   the second sliding element or tilt rail (11) and the upper part (7) are fixedly connected to one another by fastening elements and are vertically adjustably connected to the casting tool (20), with the web (31) provided at the first sliding element being received in an elongate hole opening (51) provided in the upper part (7) and permitting a lateral adjustment of the side part or side pusher (4).
8. A device in accordance with claim 4,
   characterized in that
   the first sliding element is formed as a T rail (8) and has two first and fifth sliding surfaces (18a, 50a) that are arranged in opposite senses at a 45° angle and that are provided in the region of the one end of the horizontal part (22), with a cutout (34) having the third sliding surface (19a) being provided at a lower side (23) of the first sliding element (8) and with the second sliding element (11) being received therein such that a lateral adjustment of the first sliding element (8) in the side part (4) is permitted so that the fifth and sixth siding surfaces (50a, 50b) can come into contact and the side parts (4) can thereby be adjusted downwardly in the vertical direction (Z) and outwardly in the horizontal direction (X).
9. A device in accordance with claim 4,
   characterized in that
   the demolding plate (10) has a plurality of sliding surfaces (50b) at the outer periphery that come into contact with the sliding surfaces (50a) of the first sliding element (8).
10. A device in accordance with claim 4,
    characterized in that
    the side parts (4) comprise at least two or more side part segments that are led toward one another in the direction of the center or of the vertical longitudinal center axis and thus close the casting tool via obliquely extending interacting sliding or pushier rails (6, 14).
11. A device in accordance with claim 4,
    characterized in that
    the sliding surfaces (18a, 18b) of the second sliding element (11) and of the first sliding element or of the T rail (8) and the sliding surfaces (70a, 70b at the first sliding element or at the T rail (8) and the upper part (8) that come into contact and that extend obliquely are arranged horizontally such that they permit a displacement of the first sliding element or of the T rail (8) in the direction (X) to the outside on an adjustment of the demolding plate (10) in the vertical direction (Z).
12. A device in accordance with claim 4,
    characterized in that
    a respective first sliding element or T rail (8) is provided at both sides of the side parts (4).

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