EP3412363B1 - Plate-shaped article disassembling device - Google Patents

Plate-shaped article disassembling device Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3412363B1
EP3412363B1 EP18164882.5A EP18164882A EP3412363B1 EP 3412363 B1 EP3412363 B1 EP 3412363B1 EP 18164882 A EP18164882 A EP 18164882A EP 3412363 B1 EP3412363 B1 EP 3412363B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
insulating plate
shaped article
electrode
negative electrode
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18164882.5A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3412363A1 (en
Inventor
Syougo Utumi
Noriyuki Suzuki
Genichiro Matsuda
Akio Yoshioka
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
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Publication date
Application filed by Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd filed Critical Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co Ltd
Publication of EP3412363A1 publication Critical patent/EP3412363A1/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3412363B1 publication Critical patent/EP3412363B1/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C19/00—Other disintegrating devices or methods
    • B02C19/18—Use of auxiliary physical effects, e.g. ultrasonics, irradiation, for disintegrating
    • B02C2019/183—Crushing by discharge of high electrical energy
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B02—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING; PREPARATORY TREATMENT OF GRAIN FOR MILLING
    • B02C—CRUSHING, PULVERISING, OR DISINTEGRATING IN GENERAL; MILLING GRAIN
    • B02C2201/00—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials
    • B02C2201/06—Codes relating to disintegrating devices adapted for specific materials for garbage, waste or sewage

Definitions

  • the present disclosure relates to a plate-shaped article disassembling device for disassembling a plate-shaped article by causing a pulsed power discharge in liquid.
  • the plate-shaped article in which a plurality of materials are stacked often has interlayers that are strongly bonded, and the disassembling efficiency is poor.
  • An example of the plate-shaped article in which the plurality of materials are stacked is a solar battery panel or the like.
  • FIG. 3 is a view for explaining a state in which delamination of an object to be crushed is performed by a crushing method using a plate-shaped article disassembling device of the related art disclosed in JP-A-2005-161151 .
  • jelly-like substance 203 as a medium is disposed between plate-shaped body 202 and coaxial electrode 201.
  • coaxial electrode 201 By discharging by using coaxial electrode 201, part of jelly-like substance 203 is gasified or plasmatized by rapid joule heating. Then, since part of jelly-like substance 203 expands due to gasification or the like, pressure wave 210 is generated in jelly-like substance 203. This pressure wave 210 is incident on surface 204 of plate-shaped body 202 with jelly-like substance 203 as a medium.
  • Pressure wave 210 is a compression wave in the traveling direction of pressure wave 210. Then, pressure wave 210 incident on plate-shaped body 202 propagates inside plate-shaped body 202 from surface 204 side to back surface 205 side. Further, pressure wave 210 reaches back surface 205 side, and pressure wave 210 is reflected by back surface 205 which is a free surface. At this time, since the phase of the reflected pressure wave is inverted with respect to the phase of the pressure wave before reflection, the reflected pressure wave becomes a tensile wave. Therefore, layer 206 to be peeled, which is the outermost layer on the back side of plate-shaped body 202, is subjected to tensile stress by the reflected pressure wave.
  • the value of a current flowing through coaxial electrode 201 and the position of coaxial electrode 201 with respect to plate-shaped body 202 are set so that the tensile stress put by the pressure wave in layer 206 to be peeled is higher than the breaking strength of the material constituting plate-shaped body 202.
  • peeling portion 207 which is a part of layer 206 to be peeled of plate-shaped body 202, is peeled off from the back surface of plate-shaped body 202.
  • a plate-shaped article disassembling device that crushes a plate-shaped article to be disassembled by using a pulsed discharge, including a container that is filled with liquid, a positive electrode and a negative electrode that are placed in the liquid of the container in parallel with each other and in a vertical direction, an insulating plate that is placed in parallel to the positive electrode and the negative electrode in the liquid of the container, and a pulsed power supply that applies a high voltage pulse between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, in which the insulating plate is disposed below a discharge gap formed between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, the insulating plate does not come into contact with the positive electrode and the negative electrode in the discharge gap, each of a distance between the positive electrode and the insulating plate and a distance between the negative electrode and the insulating plate is narrower than a width of the plate-shaped article, and the upper surface of the insulating plate is placed above the lower surface of the discharge gap.
  • the plate-shaped article when the plate-shaped article is disassembled by the discharge in the liquid, since the plate-shaped article moves every time the plate-shaped article is discharged, it is possible to prevent the part of plate-shaped article from being disassembled locally by concentrating the discharge path of the pulsed discharge in one part. Since the discharge path is set to various parts of the plate-shaped article, there is no need to move the electrodes and/or plate-shaped article in order to change the peeling position.
  • the technique of the related art in FIG. 3 to recycling there are a lot of restrictions on plate-shaped body 202 to be disassembled.
  • the value of a current flowing through coaxial electrode 201 and the position of coaxial electrode 201 with respect to plate-shaped body 202 need to be set so that the tensile stress put by the pressure wave 210 in layer 206 to be peeled is higher than the breaking strength of the material constituting plate-shaped body 202.
  • the technique of the related art is effective, but in the case of recycling, it is sometimes impossible to align the front and back of surface 204 and back surface 205 in some cases.
  • one coaxial electrode 201 can peel off one part, and changing the peeling position has a problem that it is necessary to move coaxial electrode 201 or plate-shaped body 202. In a case where plate-shaped body 202 cannot be moved, it is necessary to move coaxial electrode 201, it takes time to move high-voltage coaxial electrode 201, and the efficiency of disassembling is poor.
  • the object of the present disclosure is to solve the above problem and to provide an efficient plate-shaped article disassembling device that does not require aligning the front and back of the plate-shaped article and moving electrodes and/or the plate-shaped article for changing the peeling position.
  • the plate-shaped article disassembling device is a device that generates a pulsed discharge between electrodes standing in liquid and disassembles a plate-shaped article by using the discharge or a shock wave induced by the discharge.
  • FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a plate-shaped article disassembling device according to Embodiment 1 of the present disclosure.
  • Plate-shaped article disassembling device 1 includes container 3 filled with liquid 2, negative electrode 4 and positive electrode 5, pulsed power supply 6, and insulating plate 7.
  • Container 3 is, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped container, but the shape thereof is not limited thereto.
  • Container 3 is filled with liquid 2.
  • the insulating property of liquid 2 is high, but tap water may be used.
  • ion-exchanged water or pure water with low conductivity may be used.
  • Negative electrode 4 and positive electrode 5 are conductive plate-shaped members that face each other in a direction orthogonal to a vertical direction and are placed in parallel to each other along the vertical direction in liquid 2 of container 3.
  • insulating plate 7 is placed in parallel to negative electrode 4 and positive electrode 5 and placed below discharge gap 9 having, for example, a rectangular parallelepiped shape formed between the facing surfaces of negative electrode 4 and positive electrode 5 in liquid 2 of container 3.
  • Plate-shaped article 8 to be disassembled is disposed along the vertical direction of discharge gap 9 and disassembled.
  • Examples of the plate-shaped article 8 are used home appliances and the like, specifically, a plate-shaped article in which a plurality of materials are stacked, more specifically, a solar battery panel, and the like can be mentioned.
  • insulating plate 7 does not comes into contact with negative electrode 4 and positive electrode 5 in discharge gap 9 and is placed such that each of shortest distance 10 between negative electrode 4 and insulating plate 7 and shortest distance 11 between positive electrode 5 and insulating plate 7 is narrower than maximum width 12 in the direction orthogonal to the vertical direction of plate-shaped article 8 to be disassembled.
  • upper surface 13 of insulating plate 7 is placed above lower surface 14 of discharge gap 9 between the lower end of negative electrode 4 and the lower end of positive electrode 5.
  • discharge gap 9 is partitioned by insulating plate 7, the lower surface of discharge gap 9 substantially below does not reach lower surface 14 but upper surface 13 of insulating plate 7.
  • Pulsed power supply 6 applies a high-voltage pulse between positive electrode 5 and negative electrode 4.
  • Pulsed power supply 6 it is possible to use a Marx generator capable of applying any voltage up to 500 kV.
  • Plate-shaped article 8 to be disassembled is sandwiched between positive electrode 5 and negative electrode 4 and placed on upper surface 13 of insulating plate 7, whereby plate-shaped article 8 is disposed in discharge gap 9. At this time, a downward moving force acts on plate-shaped article 8 by gravity, but positive electrode 5 and negative electrode 4 are placed along the vertical direction.
  • Each of shortest distance 10 between negative electrode 4 and insulating plate 7 and shortest distance 11 between positive electrode 5 and insulating plate 7 is set narrower than maximum width 12 of plate-shaped article 8 to be disassembled.
  • shortest distance 10 between negative electrode 4 and insulating plate 7 and shortest distance 11 between positive electrode 5 and insulating plate 7 are set to be narrower than maximum width 12 of plate-shaped article 8 to be disassembled, in a case where peeling portion 15 disassembled and peeled off from plate-shaped article 8 by a discharge is smaller than shortest distance 10 between negative electrode 4 and insulating plate 7 or shortest distance 11 between positive electrode 5 and insulating plate 7, the peeling portion falls downward from first gap 21 between negative electrode 4 and insulating plate 7 or second gap 22 between positive electrode 5 and insulating plate 7. That is, first gap 21 between negative electrode 4 and insulating plate 7, and second gap 22 between positive electrode 5 and insulating plate 7 have a sieving function.
  • plate-shaped article 8 can be efficiently disassembled.
  • plate-shaped article 8 moves every time plate-shaped article 8 is discharged. That is, the discharge has a vibration function necessary for sieving.
  • plate-shaped article 8 moves every time plate-shaped article 8 is discharged, it is possible to prevent the part of plate-shaped article 8 from being disassembled locally by concentrating the discharge path of the pulsed discharge in one part. Since the discharge path is set to various parts of plate-shaped article 8, it is possible to deal with various kinds of articles under one condition setting.
  • plate-shaped article 8 since there is no dependency between the front and back of plate-shaped article 8 and the discharge phenomenon, there is no need to align the front and back of the plate-shaped article with respect to discharge gap 9. Further, since plate-shaped article 8 moves every time plate-shaped article 8 is discharged, it is possible to prevent the part of plate-shaped article 8 from being disassembled locally by concentrating the discharge path of the pulsed discharge in one part. Since the discharge path is set to various parts of plate-shaped article 8, there is no need to move the electrodes (negative electrode 4 and positive electrode 5) and/or plate-shaped article 8 in order to change the peeling position.
  • the plate-shaped article disassembling device according to Embodiment 2 of the present disclosure in FIG. 2 differs from the device in FIG. 1 in that electrically floating intermediate electrode 101 is added to an intermediate portion of the discharge gap between negative electrode 4 and positive electrode 5. That is, between negative electrode 4 and positive electrode 5, the discharge gap is divided into a plurality of, for example, discharge gaps 109 having a rectangular parallelepiped shape (first divided discharge gap according to the present disclosure) and divided discharge gaps 159 (second divided discharge gap according to the present disclosure) and includes at least one or more intermediate electrodes 101 that are disposed and electrically floating.
  • the insulating plate includes first insulating plate 107 placed in parallel to intermediate electrode 101 and negative electrode 4 in liquid 2 of container 3, and second insulating plate 157 placed in parallel between intermediate electrode 101 and positive electrode 5.
  • First insulating plate 107 is disposed below divided discharge gap 109 and does not come into contact with negative electrode 4 and intermediate electrode 101 in divided discharge gap 109 and each of shortest distance 110 between negative electrode 4 and first insulating plate 107 and shortest distance 111 between intermediate electrode 101 and first insulating plate 107 is narrower than maximum width 112 of plate-shaped article 108.
  • Second insulating plate 157 is disposed below divided discharge gap 159 and does not come into contact with positive electrode 5 and intermediate electrode 101 in divided discharge gap 159.
  • Each of shortest distance 161 between positive electrode 5 and second insulating plate 157 and shortest distance 160 between intermediate electrode 101 and second insulating plate 157 is narrower than maximum width 162 of plate-shaped article 158, respectively.
  • first insulating plate 107 disposed between negative electrode 4 and intermediate electrode 101, plate-shaped article 108 disposed between negative electrode 4 and intermediate electrode 101, divided discharge gap 109 formed between negative electrode 4 and intermediate electrode 101, shortest distance 110 between negative electrode 4 and first insulating plate 107, shortest distance 111 between intermediate electrode 101 and first insulating plate 107, maximum width 112 of plate-shaped article 108, upper surface 113 of first insulating plate 107, and lower surface 114 of divided discharge gap 109 are equivalent to the respective disposal relationships described with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • second insulating plate 157 disposed between positive electrode 5 and intermediate electrode 101, plate-shaped article 158 disposed between positive electrode 5 and intermediate electrode 101, divided discharge gap 159 formed between positive electrode 5 and intermediate electrode 101, shortest distance 160 between intermediate electrode 101 and second insulating plate 157, shortest distance 161 between positive electrode 5 and second insulating plate 157, maximum width 162 of plate-shaped article 158, upper surface 163 of second insulating plate 157, and lower surface 164 of divided discharge gap 159 are equivalent to the respective disposal relationships described with reference to FIG. 1 .
  • FIG. 2 illustrates the case where there is only one intermediate electrode 101, a plurality of intermediate electrodes 101 may be present. (The number of intermediate electrodes) + 1 is the number of discharge gaps.
  • the plate-shaped article disassembling device can efficiently disassemble a plate-shaped article in which a plurality of materials such as a solar cell panel are stacked.
  • a plate-shaped article in which a plurality of materials such as a solar cell panel are stacked.
  • the layered materials are fixed with a resin
  • there is no need to move electrodes and/or a plate-shaped article it is possible to improve efficiency and expect energy saving.

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  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Toxicology (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Food Science & Technology (AREA)
  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Disintegrating Or Milling (AREA)
EP18164882.5A 2017-06-06 2018-03-29 Plate-shaped article disassembling device Active EP3412363B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP2017111877A JP6722874B2 (ja) 2017-06-06 2017-06-06 板状物品の分解装置

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3412363A1 EP3412363A1 (en) 2018-12-12
EP3412363B1 true EP3412363B1 (en) 2020-01-22

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EP18164882.5A Active EP3412363B1 (en) 2017-06-06 2018-03-29 Plate-shaped article disassembling device

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EP (1) EP3412363B1 (zh)
JP (1) JP6722874B2 (zh)
CN (1) CN108993730B (zh)

Families Citing this family (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
EP3251751B1 (en) * 2016-06-02 2019-06-05 Panasonic Corporation Object disassembling apparatus
JP2022162812A (ja) * 2021-04-13 2022-10-25 本田技研工業株式会社 電気パルス分解方法、複合材、複合材分解方法

Family Cites Families (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US5496659A (en) * 1992-10-14 1996-03-05 National Power Plc Electrochemical apparatus for energy storage and/or power delivery comprising multi-compartment cells
JP3825889B2 (ja) * 1997-07-23 2006-09-27 日鉄鉱業株式会社 電気破砕方法及び装置
DE19834447A1 (de) * 1998-07-30 2000-02-10 Wacker Chemie Gmbh Verfahren zum Behandeln von Halbleitermaterial
JP2000246132A (ja) * 1999-02-26 2000-09-12 Kobe Steel Ltd 放電処理装置
JP3802402B2 (ja) * 2001-11-26 2006-07-26 日鉄鉱業株式会社 電気破砕装置及び電気破砕方法
DE10346650A1 (de) * 2003-10-08 2005-05-19 Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe Gmbh Prozessreaktor und Betriebsverfahren für die elektrodynamische Fragmentierung
JP2005161151A (ja) * 2003-12-01 2005-06-23 Sumitomo Electric Ind Ltd 破砕方法
CN2663404Y (zh) * 2003-12-05 2004-12-15 舒煦 多极板电渗析净水器
JP2011177099A (ja) * 2010-03-01 2011-09-15 Kumamoto Univ 動物骨材のクラック形成装置及び形成方法
JP2017136516A (ja) * 2016-02-01 2017-08-10 三菱電機株式会社 分解処理装置および分解処理方法
JP6535315B2 (ja) * 2016-06-02 2019-06-26 パナソニック株式会社 物品の分解装置

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CN108993730B (zh) 2020-09-29
CN108993730A (zh) 2018-12-14
JP6722874B2 (ja) 2020-07-15
EP3412363A1 (en) 2018-12-12
JP2018202340A (ja) 2018-12-27

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