EP3411525A1 - Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer un papier de sécurité pourvu de deux éléments de sécurité fenêtrés - Google Patents

Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer un papier de sécurité pourvu de deux éléments de sécurité fenêtrés

Info

Publication number
EP3411525A1
EP3411525A1 EP17702520.2A EP17702520A EP3411525A1 EP 3411525 A1 EP3411525 A1 EP 3411525A1 EP 17702520 A EP17702520 A EP 17702520A EP 3411525 A1 EP3411525 A1 EP 3411525A1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
paper
security
paper web
endless
security element
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP17702520.2A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
Other versions
EP3411525B1 (fr
EP3411525B2 (fr
Inventor
Alexander TANTSCHER
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Family has litigation
First worldwide family litigation filed litigation Critical https://patents.darts-ip.com/?family=57956226&utm_source=google_patent&utm_medium=platform_link&utm_campaign=public_patent_search&patent=EP3411525(A1) "Global patent litigation dataset” by Darts-ip is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
Application filed by Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH filed Critical Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
Publication of EP3411525A1 publication Critical patent/EP3411525A1/fr
Publication of EP3411525B1 publication Critical patent/EP3411525B1/fr
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of EP3411525B2 publication Critical patent/EP3411525B2/fr
Active legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

Links

Classifications

    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21FPAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/008Making apertured paper
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21FPAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21FPAPER-MAKING MACHINES; METHODS OF PRODUCING PAPER THEREON
    • D21F11/00Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines
    • D21F11/06Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines of the cylinder type
    • D21F11/08Processes for making continuous lengths of paper, or of cardboard, or of wet web for fibre board production, on paper-making machines of the cylinder type paper or board consisting of two or more layers
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H21/00Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties
    • D21H21/14Non-fibrous material added to the pulp, characterised by its function, form or properties; Paper-impregnating or coating material, characterised by its function, form or properties characterised by function or properties in or on the paper
    • D21H21/40Agents facilitating proof of genuineness or preventing fraudulent alteration, e.g. for security paper
    • DTEXTILES; PAPER
    • D21PAPER-MAKING; PRODUCTION OF CELLULOSE
    • D21HPULP COMPOSITIONS; PREPARATION THEREOF NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES D21C OR D21D; IMPREGNATING OR COATING OF PAPER; TREATMENT OF FINISHED PAPER NOT COVERED BY CLASS B31 OR SUBCLASS D21G; PAPER NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • D21H27/00Special paper not otherwise provided for, e.g. made by multi-step processes
    • D21H27/30Multi-ply

Definitions

  • the invention relates to a method and an apparatus for producing a security paper with at least two endless, on opposite sides of the security paper visible window security elements.
  • the invention also relates to a corresponding multilayer security paper and document of value.
  • Security documents or documents of value are often provided with security features such as watermarks, embedded security threads and the like, which permit verification of the authenticity of the security paper or value document and which at the same time serve as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • security threads which are neither completely applied to a surface of a security paper nor completely embedded in the security paper are referred to as window security threads. These are partially embedded in the security paper so that they are visible on one or both opposite surfaces of the security paper only in certain areas of the window.
  • the present invention seeks to provide a simple and inexpensive method for producing a security paper of the type mentioned.
  • the method is intended in particular to produce security paper with advantageous properties, in particular In particular, they enable an improved process capability with regard to a good flatness and also provide the designer with a great deal of creative freedom.
  • the invention is also intended to provide a corresponding device as well as a corresponding multi-ply security paper and value document.
  • a first paper web is formed in a first paper layer production device and a first endless security element as window security element is formed during the sheet formation the first paper web is introduced, a second paper web is produced in a second paper web production device, - the second paper web is combined with the first paper web and firmly connected so that the first endless security element is freely accessible in window regions of the first paper web, during the merging of the first paper web
  • Paper webs a second endless security element between the first and second paper web is embedded, and by means of a suction and / or rinsing device from the second paper web in still wet state Papie be removed, so the second endless security element is freely accessible in window regions of the second paper web.
  • the term "security paper” here refers to the unprinted paper, which is usually in quasi-endless form and is further processed at a later time.
  • the security papers are used in particular for the production of value documents.
  • a "document of value” is a document that has been completed for its intended use.
  • Value documents within the meaning of the present invention are, in particular, bank notes, shares, bonds, certificates, vouchers, checks, high-quality admission tickets, but also other papers which are subject to counterfeiting, such as passports and other identification documents, as well as product security elements such as labels, seals, packaging and the like.
  • the simplified term “security paper” or "value document” below includes all such documents and product security means.
  • the security paper is preferably multi-layered and comprises at least one layer of paper.
  • the further layer or further layers may likewise be made of paper, but also of other materials, for example by plastic films.
  • the paper or a paper layer particularly preferably comprises cotton fibers, as used for example for banknotes.
  • a paper web-generating device is a device, in particular a sheet-forming unit, for producing a paper web.
  • the paper-layer-producing device may be a round-screen machine, in particular a countercurrent rotary screen machine, a continuous belt rotary screen machine or a double-round screen machine. Screening machine, acting.
  • a paper layer production device can be a fourdrinier machine.
  • the paper web outputted from the paper sheet forming apparatus is preferably output as continuous paper. Alternatively, a sheet of paper could be issued.
  • the paper-web-forming device may comprise a nozzle for dispensing a pulp mass onto a screen unit, for example a screen or a wire, whereby a paper web is produced.
  • the endless security elements of the present invention can be formed in particular by security threads or wide security bands. While security threads have a width of less than 4 mm, usually less than 2 mm, and typically about 1 mm, endless security elements with a width of 4 mm or more are referred to herein as security bands.
  • the safety bands can in particular have a width of 4 mm to 20 mm, in some cases even up to 30 mm.
  • the security elements can also be formed by wide security bands.
  • the embedding of wide security tapes in papermaking is described, for example, in document EP 0625 431, the disclosure of which is incorporated into the present application in this respect.
  • the endless security element can be, for example, a security element with a color shift effect, with a diffraction structure such as a hologram, with a dynamic effect, with an optionally partially recessed metallization, and / or with a printed image.
  • the above-mentioned window regions of the second paper web are produced in this case precisely by the removal of the paper fibers from the second paper web. train.
  • the paper fibers are removed from the second paper web prior to merging with the first paper web.
  • the paper fibers are advantageously removed in the register to the embedding position of the second endless security element.
  • first and second endless security element security elements with different optical appearance are advantageously used, for example, each one security element with color shift effect, with a diffraction structure such as a hologram, with a dynamic effect, with an optionally partially recessed metallization, or with a printed image. If more than two endless security elements are introduced, preferably all introduced security elements have a different visual appearance.
  • the second endless security element is advantageously embedded with an offset to the first endless security element that is more than twice the width of the widest embedded security element. In this way, the total thickness of the security paper is not excessively increased by the embedding of the security elements.
  • the endless security elements can also be uniformly distributed over the security element, for example by the security elements being arranged symmetrically to the center line of the singulated security paper.
  • a uniform distribution of the security elements a particularly uniform paper thickness and a particularly good flatness of the security paper or the value document generated therefrom can be achieved.
  • endless security elements can also be stacked on each other without offset. orders be.
  • additional visual effects can be realized in the security paper, which are not or not readily possible with a security element alone.
  • three or more endless security elements can also be introduced into the security paper, for example by connecting several or further second paper webs to the first paper web.
  • the first paper web can be provided with at least one further security feature, which is advantageously in register with the window regions of the first paper web.
  • the second paper web can be provided with at least one further security feature, which is advantageously in register with the window regions of the second paper web.
  • further security features for example, watermarks, recesses or printed elements come into consideration.
  • the window regions of the first and second paper webs are formed differently, in particular have different shapes and / or sizes.
  • more than one second paper web can be produced in the manner described and connected to the first paper web or the other second paper webs.
  • a third paper web can be additionally produced in another paper web-forming device, and the third paper web can be brought together and firmly joined to the first and second paper web, wherein when the paper webs are merged, a third endless security element is interposed between the second and third webs Paper web is embedded.
  • a suction and / or rinsing device can thereby Paper fibers are removed from the third paper web while the state is still wet, so that the second and third endless security elements are freely accessible in window regions of the third paper web.
  • the invention also includes an apparatus for producing a security paper having at least two endless window security elements visible on opposite sides of the security paper, comprising a first paper layer producing device for forming a first paper web and inserting a first endless security element as a window security element into the first paper web in the first paper web Sheet forming, a second paper layer producing device for producing a second paper web, a take-off screen, which can also be understood as a pick-up felt or acceptance belt, for merging and firmly connecting the second paper web to the first paper web, means for supplying a second endless security element between the first and second Paper web in merging the paper webs, and - a suction and / or rinsing device for removing paper fibers from the second paper web while still wet.
  • a first paper layer producing device for forming a first paper web and inserting a first endless security element as a window security element into the first paper web in the first paper web Sheet forming
  • a second paper layer producing device for producing a second paper web
  • the suction and / or flushing device has an endless belt with at least one recess on, which is stretched on at least two position adjustable guide rollers.
  • the suction device preferably further includes a suction roll or a suction box for generating a negative pressure for sucking paper fibers through the at least one recess of the endless belt.
  • the at least one recess of the endless belt corresponds to the window areas to be produced in the second paper web.
  • the flushing device has an outlet device.
  • the outlet device is designed to dispense a liquid and to the second paper web. Over the directed output of the liquid openings paper fiber are selectively washed away, so that at least one recess is produced in the second paper web.
  • a receptacle for receiving the wegge Songten paper fibers is provided on the outlet device opposite side of the second paper web.
  • the outlet device can be designed to act geometrically on the second paper web in the form of the recess.
  • a bearing surface which is arranged on the outlet of the opposite side of the second paper web, having openings. The openings are formed corresponding to the recess, so that when two-dimensional loading of the second paper web, the recess is produced.
  • the support surface is preferably an endless belt.
  • the support surface may be formed as an endless belt.
  • the endless belt can be formed from a sieve-like fabric, for example made of plastic, copper or bronze, or consist of a material that shows a closed surface except for the at least one recess.
  • the suction device may also have a suction roll or a pipe suction.
  • at least one spray tube may be arranged on the side of the second paper web opposite the suction device, which sprays a liquid onto the second paper web to convey the fiber to be suctioned through the at least one recess of the endless belt into the suction roll or suction box.
  • the suction device may further contain a screen conditioning with cleaning spray pipes and tube suckers.
  • the suction and / or rinsing device is advantageously arranged in the device between the second paper layer generating device and the merging position of the paper webs so that the paper fibers are removed from the second paper web prior to merging with the first paper web and embedding the second endless security element can be.
  • the invention also includes a multilayer security paper or document of value
  • the first and second endless security elements have different visual appearances.
  • the first and second endless security elements are embedded with an offset that is more than twice the width of the widest embedded security element.
  • the endless security elements can also be arranged one above the other without offset.
  • the first and / or second paper layer expediently has at least one further security feature, which is advantageously in register with the window regions of the respective paper web.
  • FIG. 1 schematically shows a paper machine with a round screen
  • Paper machine and a second paper web production device according to an embodiment of the invention, 2 the suction device of the paper machine of FIG. 1 in more detail,
  • Fig. 3 in (a) a plan view of the top and in (b) a plan view of the underside of a security paper according to the invention in a tailored form, and
  • Fig. 4 is a section through the security paper of Fig. 3 along the line IV-IV shown in Fig. 3 (a).
  • FIG. 1 shows schematically a paper machine 10 with a first paper-sheet generating device, in the present example a round-screen paper machine 12 and a second paper-layer-producing device 14, preferably a second round-screen machine.
  • a paper web 20 is formed in a manner known per se on a round screen 18, a first endless security thread 22 being embedded as window security threads in the paper web 20 during sheet formation.
  • the security thread 22 runs on bumps 26 of the round screen 18 before being immersed in the paper pulp 24 of the paper machine.
  • the security thread 22 basically lies in an inner plane of the paper, whereby, however, no paper fibers are deposited from the paper mass 24 on the contact surfaces of the security thread 22 with the bumps 26, so that the paper web 20 has recessed window regions in which the security thread 22 is freely accessible.
  • the first paper web has, for example, a grammage of 60 to 80 g / m 2 .
  • a second, initially homogeneous paper web 30 is produced by applying paper pulp to the surface of a round screen 44 by means of a headbox nozzle 42.
  • the paper layer produced by the second paper-making device 14 is very thin and has, for example, a grammage of only 10 to 25 g / m 2 .
  • the second paper web 30 is removed from the round screen 44 by means of a pick-up felt 16 and guided to the first paper machine 12, where it is connected to the first paper web 20 in the region of the pressure roller 36.
  • the two paper webs 20, 30 are brought together so that the second paper web 30 comes to lie on the surface of the first paper web 20 opposite the recessed window areas.
  • the security thread 22 embedded in the first paper web 20 is therefore visible and freely accessible even after the merging and joining of the two paper webs 20, 30 in the recessed window areas of the first paper web 20.
  • a second endless security element 32 is also unwound from a reel 34 and embedded in connecting the two paper webs 20, 30 between the first 20 and second paper web 30.
  • the second endless security element 32 is usually not embedded at the position of the first endless security element 22 but at a predetermined offset ⁇ (see FIG.
  • a suction device 50 is arranged, which removes paper fibers from the second paper web 30 while still wet in the register to the embedding position of the second endless security element 32.
  • the areas of removed paper fibers form window areas in the second paper web 30, in which the second endless security element 32 is visible and freely accessible after its embedding between the two paper webs 20, 30.
  • the interconnected paper webs 38 are then fed to other processing stations, such as calenders, sizing and the like.
  • a rinsing device 58 for removing paper fibers may be provided.
  • the suction device 50 shown in more detail in Fig. 2 comprises an endless belt 52 of a sieve-like fabric, which is stretched by a series of adjustable in position guide rollers 54 mechanically taut.
  • the endless belt 52 has one or more recesses which correspond in shape and size to the window areas to be produced in the second paper web 30.
  • a slotted suction box 56 is arranged, with which a negative pressure on the endless belt 52 generated and thereby paper fibers from the second paper web through the recesses of the belt 52 and the slot of the suction box 56 can be sucked.
  • the suction device Device 50 includes a not shown in the figure sieve conditioning with cleaning spray pipes and pipe sucker.
  • FIG. 3 (a) shows a plan view of the upper side 62
  • FIG. 3 (b) shows a plan view of the underside 64 of the security paper 60.
  • the page with the first paper layer 70 emerging from the first paper web 20 becomes the upper side
  • the side with the second paper layer 80 emerging from the second paper web 30 is referred to as the underside of the security paper.
  • Embedded or lying on the opposite side of the security paper elements are dashed lines for clarity.
  • FIG. 4 shows a section through the security paper 60 along the line rV-IV shown in FIG. 3 (a), which runs approximately halfway in each case in the region of the first and second security thread.
  • the security paper 60 contains a first, thicker paper layer 70, with a grammage of 60 to 80 g / m 2 , in the interior of which a first window security thread 72 is embedded.
  • the first paper layer has window areas 74 in which the first security thread 72 is visible and freely accessible from the upper side 62 of the security paper 60.
  • the first paper layer 70 is fixedly connected to a second, thinner paper layer 80, which has only a grammage of 10 to 45 g / m 2 .
  • a second window security thread 82 is embedded.
  • the second paper layer 80 has window regions 84 in which the second security thread 82 is visible and freely accessible from the underside 64 of the security paper 60.
  • the security threads 72 and 82 are not accessible from the opposite side 64 and 62 of the security paper and at least not visible in incident light.
  • the visual impression of the security threads in transmitted light can be selected as desired.
  • the security threads each carry a metallic coating, for example, into which small, pattern-shaped recesses, for example in the form of a microwriting, are inserted. If these security threads are embedded in at least partially translucent security paper, they appear in transmitted light as dark stripes with bright recesses. Should a security thread in the
  • the opposite surface of the security paper may be provided with an opaque coating.
  • the two security threads 72, 82 advantageously show a different visual appearance, for example the security thread 72 has a color-shift effect and the security thread 82 has a dynamic effect.
  • the two security threads 72, 82 are advantageously separated by an offset ⁇ (shown in Fig. 3 (b)) which is more than twice the width of the widest of the embedded security threads. While FIG. 3 shows an asymmetrical distribution of the security threads 72, 82, the security threads can also be arranged symmetrically to the center line of the security paper 60, so that a security thread is visible at the same point of the security paper when turning the security paper. As indicated in FIG. 3, the window areas 74, 84 on the front and rear sides 62, 64 of the security paper can have different shapes and sizes.
  • the first paper layer 70 may be provided with at least one further security feature 76 associated with the window security thread 72, which preferably is in register with the window regions 74 of the first paper web.
  • the second paper layer 80 can be provided with at least one further security feature 86 associated with the window security thread 82, which preferably is in register with the window regions 84 of the second paper web.
  • the associated security features 76, 86 may be, for example, watermarks, recesses of the first or second paper layer or printed elements.

Landscapes

  • Paper (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)

Abstract

L'invention concerne un dispositif (10) pour fabriquer un papier de sécurité comprenant au moins deux éléments de sécurité fenêtrés continus visibles sur des côtés opposés du papier de sécurité. Ce dispositif comprend un premier système de production de couches de papier (12) pour former une première bande de papier (20) et pour introduire un premier élément de sécurité continu (22) sous la forme d'un élément de sécurité fenêtré dans la première bande de papier (20) lors de la formation de la feuille, un deuxième système de production de couches de papier (14) pour produire une deuxième bande de papier (30), une bande de réception (16) pour réunir et assembler de manière fixe la deuxième bande de papier (30) et la première bande de papier (20), un système pour acheminer un deuxième élément de sécurité continu (32) entre la première et la deuxième bande de papier lors de la réunion des bandes de papier (20, 30), et un système d'aspiration (50) pour retirer des fibres de papier de la deuxième bande de papier (30) à l'état encore humide. L'invention concerne également un procédé associé et un document de valeur ou un papier de sécurité multicouche correspondant.
EP17702520.2A 2016-02-02 2017-01-26 Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer un papier de sécurité pourvu de deux éléments de sécurité fenêtrés Active EP3411525B2 (fr)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DE102016001107.6A DE102016001107A1 (de) 2016-02-02 2016-02-02 Verfahren und Vorrichtung zum Herstellen eines Sicherheitspapiers mit zwei Fenstersicherheitselementen
PCT/EP2017/000095 WO2017133832A1 (fr) 2016-02-02 2017-01-26 Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer un papier de sécurité pourvu de deux éléments de sécurité fenêtrés

Publications (3)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3411525A1 true EP3411525A1 (fr) 2018-12-12
EP3411525B1 EP3411525B1 (fr) 2019-12-04
EP3411525B2 EP3411525B2 (fr) 2023-08-16

Family

ID=57956226

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP17702520.2A Active EP3411525B2 (fr) 2016-02-02 2017-01-26 Procédé et dispositif pour fabriquer un papier de sécurité pourvu de deux éléments de sécurité fenêtrés

Country Status (5)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3411525B2 (fr)
DE (1) DE102016001107A1 (fr)
ES (1) ES2764171T5 (fr)
RU (1) RU2712313C1 (fr)
WO (1) WO2017133832A1 (fr)

Families Citing this family (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE102017009357A1 (de) * 2017-10-09 2019-04-11 Giesecke+Devrient Currency Technology Gmbh Herstellungsvorrichtung und Herstellverfahren für Sicherheitspapier

Family Cites Families (14)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
IN157644B (fr) 1981-02-19 1986-05-10 Portals Ltd
DE3601114A1 (de) * 1986-01-16 1987-07-23 Gao Ges Automation Org Verfahren zur herstellung von sichrheitspapier mit eingelagertem sicherheitsfaden
DE4314380B4 (de) 1993-05-01 2009-08-06 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Sicherheitspapier und Verfahren zu seiner Herstellung
GB0228423D0 (en) * 2002-12-05 2003-01-08 Rue De Int Ltd Improvements in manufacturing substrates
CH699167B1 (de) * 2003-11-28 2010-01-29 Landqart Sicherheitspapier und Verfahren zu dessen Herstellung.
GB0400984D0 (en) 2004-01-16 2004-02-18 Rue De Int Ltd Security document with threads
DE102005045566A1 (de) * 2005-03-23 2006-09-28 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Mehrlagiges Sicherheitspapier
FR2891761B1 (fr) 2005-10-06 2008-04-04 Arjowiggins Security Soc Par A Procede de fabrication d'un materiau en feuille comportant au moins une fenetre.
US20070116928A1 (en) * 2005-11-22 2007-05-24 Jean-Louis Monnerie Sheet slitting forming belt for nonwoven products
FR2918679B1 (fr) 2007-07-11 2017-12-01 Arjowiggins Licensing Sas Procede de fabrication d'un materiau en feuille.
RU2344219C1 (ru) * 2007-07-18 2009-01-20 Федеральное Государственное Унитарное Предприятие "Гознак" (Фгуп "Гознак") Способ изготовления бумаги, защищенной от подделки, (варианты) и бумага, защищенная от подделки (варианты)
DE102012024014A1 (de) 2012-12-07 2014-06-26 Giesecke & Devrient Gmbh Vorrichtung zur Herstellung eines mehrlagigen Sicherheitspapiers mit Aussparungen
CN104420399B (zh) 2013-09-04 2017-04-12 昆山钞票纸业有限公司 新型防伪纸及其制造方法
FR3022489B1 (fr) * 2014-06-23 2021-10-29 Arjowiggins Security Papiers de securite et procedes de fabrication.

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3411525B1 (fr) 2019-12-04
ES2764171T5 (es) 2024-02-14
ES2764171T3 (es) 2020-06-02
WO2017133832A1 (fr) 2017-08-10
RU2712313C1 (ru) 2020-01-28
EP3411525B2 (fr) 2023-08-16
DE102016001107A1 (de) 2017-08-03

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