EP3409391B1 - Tooling unit for an an extrusion machine for continuously making a profile out of extrusion material - Google Patents

Description

The invention relates to a tool unit for an extrusion machine for the continuous production of profiles from a deformable extruded material, as described in claim 1.

From the EP 0 408 259 B1 , which forms the basis for the preamble of claim 1, 2. an apparatus for continuous extrusion has become known which includes a rotatable wheel with a circumferential groove. In a tool holder mounted about a pivot axis on the base frame, the extrusion tool composed of several tool elements is inserted in a stepped receiving opening. In the open position of the tool holder, the extrusion tool can be removed from it in the bottom-side direction. The stripping element is held screwed in a screwed and clamped position to the tool elements forming the extrusion tool. If tool components are exchanged or changed, the entire structure must be expanded.

The WO 2012/119196 A1 describes an extrusion machine for the continuous production of profiles from a deformable extruded material. The extrusion machine comprises a base frame and at least one friction wheel which can be rotated about a drive axis and is provided with at least one circumferential groove. The friction wheel is in drive connection with a drive unit. The extrusion press also includes a pressure roller, a tool holding device with a tool unit supported therein with a die, and a locking device. The tool holding device is mounted on a pivot axis arranged on the base frame and can be pivoted about the pivot axis between a working position and a release position. The tool holding device is arranged downstream of the friction wheel, seen in the direction of passage of the profile to be produced. By means of the locking device, the tool holding device can be held locked in its working position with respect to the base frame. A gap is formed between the tool unit and the friction wheel when the tool holding device is in the working position. If the die is worn, the entire tool must be replaced. An exact positioning of the loosely inserted stripping element can only be done on the Take place receiving cage, since there is no contact between the stripping element and the tool.

The present invention is based on the object of creating a tool unit which forms an associated structural unit in which tool components can be exchanged or exchanged easily and which can nevertheless be supported and positioned correctly during operation.

• ein einlaufseitig angeordnetes Abstreifelement für das umformbare Strangpressgut,
• zumindest ein einlaufseitig angeordnetes Werkzeugelement mit einem das abgestreifte Strangpressgut aufnehmenden Expansionskanal,
• eine Matrize mit einem Formgebungskanal zur Formgebung des herzustellenden Profils, welche Matrize in Durchtrittsrichtung des Strangpressgutes dem einlaufseitig angeordneten Werkzeugelement nachgeordnet ist, und der Expansionskanal mit dem Formgebungskanal eine Profilachse für das herzustellende Profil definieren, und dabei
• die Werkzeugeinheit einen Aufnahmekäfig umfasst, welcher einen einlaufseitig angeordneten ersten Aufnahmekäfigteil und einen auslaufseitig angeordneten zweiten Aufnahmekäfigteil aufweist, wobei die beiden Aufnahmekäfigteile miteinander über Verbindungsmittel verbunden sind,
• im ersten Aufnahmekäfigteil ein diesen in Durchtrittsrichtung des Strangpressgutes durchsetzender Aufnahmekanal ausgebildet ist, in welchem Aufnahmekanal zumindest das einlaufseitig angeordnete Werkzeugelement aufgenommen ist,
• im zweiten Aufnahmekäfigteil ein dem ersten Aufnahmekäfigteil zugewendeter und zu diesem hin geöffneter Aufnahmeraum ausgebildet ist, in welchem zumindest die Matrize aufgenommen und an einer den Aufnahmeraum auslaufseitig zumindest bereichsweise begrenzenden Abstützfläche abgestützt ist,
• sowohl im einlaufseitig angeordneten Werkzeugelement als auch im ersten Aufnahmekäfigteil eine gemeinsame Aufnahmenut mit zumindest einer Nutgrundfläche ausgebildet ist, in welcher Aufnahmenut das Abstreifelement lose eingelegt und an der zumindest einen Nutgrundfläche abgestützt ist, und weiters
• im einlaufseitig angeordneten Werkzeugelement eine erste Nutgrundfläche und im ersten Aufnahmekäfigteil eine zweite Nutgrundfläche ausgebildet ist, wobei die beiden Nutgrundflächen in Richtung auf den auslaufseitig angeordneten zweiten Aufnahmekäfigteil aufeinander zulaufend ausgebildet sind, wobei das Abstreifelement dazu gegengleich verlaufend ausgerichtete erste und zweite Anlageflächen aufweist.

This object of the invention is achieved by the features of claim 1. A tool unit for an extrusion machine for the continuous production of profiles from a deformable extruded material is provided, the tool unit comprises:

• a stripping element arranged on the inlet side for the deformable extruded material,
• at least one tool element arranged on the inlet side with an expansion channel receiving the stripped extruded material,
• a die with a shaping channel for shaping the profile to be produced, which die is arranged downstream of the tool element arranged on the inlet side in the direction of passage of the extruded material, and the expansion channel with the shaping channel define a profile axis for the profile to be produced, and thereby
• the tool unit comprises a receiving cage, which has a first receiving cage part arranged on the inlet side and a second receiving cage part arranged on the outlet side, the two receiving cage parts being connected to one another via connecting means,
• In the first receiving cage part a receiving channel is formed which penetrates this in the direction of passage of the extruded material, in which receiving channel at least the tool element arranged on the inlet side is received,
• In the second receiving cage part a receiving space facing the first receiving cage part and being opened towards this is formed, in which at least the die is received and supported on a support surface that at least partially delimits the receiving space on the outlet side,
• A common receiving groove with at least one groove base surface is formed both in the tool element arranged on the inlet side and in the first receiving cage part, in which receiving groove the stripping element is loosely inserted and supported on the at least one groove base surface, and furthermore
• A first groove base surface is formed in the tool element arranged on the inlet side and a second groove base surface is formed in the first receiving cage part, the two groove base surfaces tapering towards one another in the direction of the second receiving cage part arranged on the outlet side, the stripping element having oppositely aligned first and second contact surfaces.

The advantage resulting from the features of claim 1 is that the individual tool parts or tool components can be received and supported thereon by forming a separate receiving cage for forming the tool unit therein. This makes it possible to prepare the individual components of the tool unit required for the respective profile to be produced and to arrange them accordingly in the receiving cage. By providing the receiving cage with its receiving cage parts and supporting the die and the other tool components arranged one behind the other in the exit direction on the support surface supporting the receiving space, a corresponding load transfer via the receiving cage to the tool holding device of the extrusion press can already take place. This means that additional screw connections or other connecting means can be dispensed with, for example. It is only necessary to ensure that the individual tool components are aligned accordingly. Furthermore, by providing the receiving groove for receiving the stripping element, the receiving groove can be inserted without additional fastening means and supported in the receiving groove in a load-bearing manner, given the corresponding guidance accuracy. This creates the possibility of being able to carry out a simple exchange or change in the event of corresponding wear, without the need for additional and lengthy manipulation activities.

In addition, due to the use of the receiving cage, the tool unit can also be easily designed with a predefined longitudinal extension, which means that the same installation conditions for the tool holding device can always be created for the profile in relation to the longitudinal extension in the direction of the outlet channel.

In addition, due to the mutually converging groove base surfaces, exact positioning and holding of the stripping element on the tool unit, in particular the receiving cage and the tool element. With an appropriate angle selection, an automatically acting support as well as mounting and self-centering is achieved during operation. Thus, the stripping element is pressed into the receiving groove and onto the groove base surfaces and is held in a fixed position there in spite of the loose insertion.

Furthermore, a design is advantageous in which a retaining lug is formed on the stripping element on its end section facing the second receiving cage part and formed between the two contact surfaces, which engages in a retaining lug receiving opening formed in opposite directions, since this results in an even better position of the stripping element in the receiving groove can.

Due to the design in which the tool element arranged on the inlet side and the receiving channel formed in the first receiving cage part have a form-fitting, cooperating circumferential geometry in the circumferential direction around the profile axis, it is possible to achieve an axial adjustment of the tool element arranged on the inlet side in the first receiving cage part and to dispense with additional guide elements to be able to. An axial adjustment can thus be achieved without the tool element being rotated relative to the first receiving cage part.

According to another embodiment variant, in which the die is received in the receiving space formed in the second receiving cage part guided in the axial direction with respect to the profile axis, an axial guidance is thus also achieved for the die, whereby a simple modular system of the tool unit can be created. With uniform external dimensions, a wide variety of profile geometries can be formed in the die. A change can be made easily, in which only the two receiving cage parts have to be separated from one another and a corresponding die and, if necessary, further spacer elements have to be inserted into the receiving space.

A further development is also advantageous in which at least one spacer element is arranged between the die and the support surface delimiting the receiving space on the outlet side, as this means that, depending on the profile geometry of the die, the same overall length of the entire tool unit can always be created. This becomes a simple one Combination possibility created, with the choice of the receiving cage and the tool components to be arranged therein always creating the same overall length of the tool unit in the exit direction of the profile, even with the most varied of profile geometries. This means that additional adjustment work and setting work are almost unnecessary when changing tools.

In the embodiment in which a centering arrangement with interacting centering elements is arranged on facing end faces of the two receiving cage parts, it is advantageous that the two receiving cage parts and the tool components to be received thereon or therein can be aligned with one another even more precisely.

As a result of the further development, in which the receiving cage has a first support surface at its outlet-side end, which is aligned with respect to the profile axis in a plane running at right angles thereto and, on its lower side in the deployed position, a further support surface at an angle thereto, in particular at right angles, has a second supporting surface running to it, it is achieved that a uniform receiving cage can be created in which the most varied of tool components can be received. This creates the possibility of always putting together a unit in accordance with the profile geometry to be produced, which unit is to be used in its entirety in the extrusion machine. However, this also allows the component complexity and thus additional costs to be reduced, since different component components with smaller dimensions must always be used in the individual receiving cages.

For a better understanding of the invention, it is explained in more detail with reference to the following figures.

Fig. 1

eine nicht vom Schutzumfang umfasste Strangpressmaschine in Seitenansicht so-wie stilisierter Darstellung;

Fig. 2

die nicht vom Schutzumfang umfasste Strangpressmaschine im Bereich deren Antriebseinheit in einer das Reibrad klemmenden Stellung, in Ansicht geschnitten;

Fig. 3

die Antriebseinheit der nicht vom Schutzumfang umfassten Strangpressmaschine nach Fig. 2, in einer Zwischenstellung bei der Öffnungsbewegung zur Freigabe des Reibrades, in Ansicht geschnitten;

Fig. 4

die Antriebseinheit der nicht vom Schutzumfang umfassten Strangpressmaschine nach den Fig. 2 und 3, in der Freigabestellung für das Reibrad, in Ansicht geschnitten;

Fig. 5

eine erfindungsgemäße erste Werkzeugeinheit für eine Strangpressmaschine, in Seitenansicht geschnitten, sowie stilisierter Darstellung;

Fig. 6

das Abstreifelement der Werkzeugeinheit, in Draufsicht geschnitten gemäß den Linien VI-VI in Fig. 5;

Fig. 7

eine weitere erfindungsgemäße Werkzeugeinheit, in Draufsicht geschnitten.

They each show in a greatly simplified, schematic representation:

Fig. 1

an extrusion machine not included in the scope of protection in a side view and a stylized representation;

Fig. 2

the extrusion machine not covered by the scope of protection in the area of its drive unit in a position clamping the friction wheel, in section;

Fig. 3

the drive unit of the extrusion machine not covered by the scope of protection Fig. 2 , in an intermediate position during the opening movement to release the friction wheel, cut in view;

Fig. 4

the drive unit of the extrusion machine not covered by the scope of protection according to the Fig. 2 and 3 , in the release position for the friction wheel, cut in view;

Fig. 5

a first tool unit according to the invention for an extrusion machine, cut in side view, and a stylized representation;

Fig. 6

the stripping element of the tool unit, cut in plan view along the lines VI-VI in Fig. 5 ;

Fig. 7

another tool unit according to the invention, cut in plan view.

By way of introduction, it should be noted that in the differently described embodiments, the same parts are provided with the same reference symbols or the same component designations, whereby the disclosures contained in the entire description can be transferred accordingly to the same parts with the same reference symbols or the same component names. The location details chosen in the description, such as above, below, to the side, etc., referring to the figure immediately described and shown, and if there is a change in position, these position details are to be transferred to the new position accordingly.

In the Fig. 1 an extrusion machine 1 is shown in a highly stylized representation, which is used to produce profiles 2 starting from a deformable extruded material 3, but is not included in the scope of protection.

This extrusion machine 1 shown here represents a special form of extrusion machine 1 which enables continuous production. For example, a continuously fed wire with a diameter between 5 and 30 mm is fed to the extrusion machine 1 as extruded material 3 and heated there via a driven friction wheel 4 to up to 500 ° C. and above, depending on the material to be formed. The then doughy material is pressed through a die arranged immediately after the friction wheel 4, the shaping process taking place in this section. This continuous process is mainly used for profiles 2 of small and medium-sized dimensions. A wide variety of materials, such as aluminum, copper, non-ferrous metals or their alloys can be formed. The forming process, which can be carried out continuously over a longer period of time in this extrusion machine 1, and the fact that a single, relatively small and simply constructed extrusion machine 1 is required for this, enable a cost reduction compared to conventional extrusion machines.

The extrusion machine 1 can in principle comprise a base frame 5 as well as a tool holding device 6 which is mounted pivotably or rotatably on a pivot axis 7 held on the base frame 5. The pivoting movement is illustrated in a simplified manner with a double arrow in the area of the pivot axis 7. Thus, the tool holding device 6 can be pivoted between a working position and a release position if necessary. For the sake of clarity, swivel drives or adjusting mechanisms have not been shown, although it should be mentioned that all devices or elements known from the prior art can be used here. Furthermore, the tool holding device 6 is arranged downstream of the friction wheel 4, seen in the direction of passage of the profile 2 to be produced. The working position is shown here in solid lines and the release position is shown in a simplified manner in dash-dotted lines.

The friction wheel 4 can be rotated in a known manner about a drive axle 8 and is also in drive connection with a drive unit 9, which is only indicated schematically. Furthermore, the at least one friction wheel 4 provided also has at least one circumferential groove. Furthermore, at least one pressure roller 10 can be assigned to each of the friction wheels 4, with which the extruded material 3 entering the extrusion machine 1 and to be reshaped is pressed in the radial direction against the friction wheel or wheels 4. The extrusion machine 1 furthermore also comprises a locking device 11 which, for example, is also pivotably mounted on the base frame 5. The locking device 11 serves to keep the tool holding device 6 positioned relative to the base frame 5, in particular the friction wheel 4, during its working position and operation. A double arrow entered in the area of the locking device 11 schematically shows the possibility of displacement of the locking device 11 Fig. 1 the locking position for the tool holding device 6 is shown. The representation of their mounting on the base frame 5 and the adjustment mechanisms required for this have also been omitted for the sake of clarity. For example, the locking device 11 can be formed by an approximately U-shaped holding frame, in which the two holding arms are pivotably mounted on the side of the base frame 5. A base arm which connects the two holding arms on the outside engages around the tool holding device 6 in the locking position and prevents the tool holding device 6 from pivoting away from its working position. Furthermore, at least one tool unit 12, only indicated schematically here, is mostly supported on the tool holding device 6, the design of the tool unit 12 being described in more detail in the following figures.

In a known manner, when the extrusion machine 1 is in operation and thus with the tool holding device 6 in the working position, a gap is formed between the tool unit 12 and the friction wheel 4 in order to avoid collisions and associated mechanical damage.

Since the gap width of the gap between the friction wheel 4 and the tool unit 12 depends on the one hand on the temperature of the system parts and on the other hand on the signs of wear of the tool unit 12, a fairly exact and, above all, readjustable setting of the gap width is more independent in the present invention Aspect. For example, maintaining and setting the gap width can represent an independent task of the invention and, in a corresponding manner, also represent an independent solution independently of the other system parts and method steps described here.

In this embodiment shown here, in addition to the locking device 11 on the base frame 5, in a distance from the pivot axis 7 and with respect to the Drive axis 8 of the friction wheel 4 opposite end region 13 of the tool holding device 6 has its own adjusting device 14. The adjusting device 14 has an adjusting element 15 which is designed to be adjustable relative to the base frame 5 for this purpose. The adjusting element 15 for its part has a positioning surface 16 facing the end region 13 of the tool holding device 6 and a guide surface 17 facing away from the tool holding device 6.

As can be seen from the schematic representation of the adjusting element 15, the adjusting surface 16 and the guide surface 17 are aligned in a wedge-shaped manner with respect to one another. The guide surface 17 is supported on a section of the base frame 5, which is not designated in more detail and is in particular designed as a sliding surface. The actuating element 15 is also connected to an actuating mechanism (not shown in more detail) and is adjustable relative to the base frame 5 in the direction of a schematically entered double arrow. The guide surface 17 thus runs approximately vertically, the placement surface 16, which is inclined thereto, runs from the top left to the bottom right, as can be seen from the side view of the extrusion machine 1.

The tool holding device 6 has a support surface 18 on its end region 13, which is distanced from the pivot axis 7, and on a first side facing the friction wheel 4. When the tool holding device 6 is in the working position, the support surface 18 arranged or formed on the tool holding device 6 is supported on the placement surface 16 of the actuating element 15.

The locking device 11 described above also has at least one pressure unit 19 with at least one pressure element 20. When the tool holding device 6 is in the working position, the pressure element 20 is also arranged on the end region 13 distanced from the pivot axis 7, but is in contact with the tool holding device 6 on a second side facing away from the friction wheel 4. Furthermore, the support surface 18 of the tool holding device 6 is pressed against the placement surface 16 of the actuating element 15 by means of the pressure unit 19. Because the adjusting element 15 is also supported with its guide surface 17 on the base frame 5, when the adjusting element 15 is displaced by means of the adjusting device 14, the tool holding device 6 can run around its pivot axis 7 due to the wedge-shaped, in particular acute-angled, to one another aligned footprint 16 and guide surface 17 take place. Since the tool holding device 6 corresponds in the broadest sense to a lever or a lever arrangement, the gap formed between the tool unit 12 and the friction wheel 4 can also be changed in its gap width as a result of the adjustment of the adjusting element.

Furthermore, in the area of the locking device 11, it is shown in simplified form that the pressure element 20 of the pressure unit 19 is received at least in some areas in a pressure chamber 21 and is acted upon by a pressure medium, indicated in simplified form by dashes and located in the pressure chamber 21. The pressure medium can be liquid or gaseous, with an almost incompressible liquid, such as hydraulic oil, having proven to be beneficial, especially at high pressures. The pressure element 20 can be designed, for example, as a double-acting piston of a cylinder-piston arrangement, with which the pressure element 20 is then pressed against the second side of the tool holding device 6 when the pressure is applied accordingly. By pressing the end region 13 with its support surface 18 against the actuating element 15, an exactly defined position of the tool unit 12 received or arranged in the tool holding device 6 relative to the friction wheel 4 is achieved due to the mounting of the tool holding device 6 about the pivot axis 7. A corresponding displacement of the tool holding device 6 about the pivot axis 7 is achieved by the corresponding adjusting movement of the adjusting device 14 with its surfaces that are aligned in a wedge-shaped manner, namely the positioning surface 16 and the guide surface 17.

If the adjusting element 15 of the adjusting device 14 is adjusted, not only is the relative position of the tool holding device 6 with respect to the base frame 5, in particular the friction wheel 4, shifted, but there is also a change in volume of the pressure medium accommodated in the pressure chamber, whereby the pressure element 20 in its relative position with respect to the printing unit 19 is adjusted. In order to enable this compensation in the pressure system, pressure relief valves can be used in order to avoid a rigid system and to enable the pressure element 20 to be adjusted.

Depending on whether there is a relative displacement of the pressure element 20 in the direction of the friction wheel 4 or in the opposite direction, there is an automatic equalization of the pressure medium in the pressure chamber 21 Tool holding device 6 can be pivoted in their relative position both in the direction of the friction wheel 4 and in a direction opposite therefrom. The constant holding and locking of the tool holding device 6 in its end region 13 remains unchanged by the locking device 11 and the support surface 18 of the tool holding device 6 always rests firmly on the footprint 16 of the actuating element 15. The actuating element 15 is, as already described above , further supported on the base frame 5 via its guide surface 17, preferably sliding and possibly guided.

Furthermore, a measuring device 22 can be arranged in the area of the gap formed between the tool unit 12 and the friction wheel 4. This is indicated schematically with a circle. The measuring device 22 determines the actual gap width and can in turn be connected to an evaluation and / or control device 23. For the sake of simplicity, this is represented by a rectangle. In this evaluation and / or control device 23, the determined value for the gap width can be compared with a predefined setpoint value and then a corresponding control or control signal can be passed on to the adjusting device 14. For this purpose, the evaluation and / or control device 23 is connected to the actuating device 14. Depending on the result of the evaluation process, the adjusting device 14 can then move the adjusting element 15 to such an extent that the predetermined gap width is reached. This adjustment movement and readjustment can take place during operation under full load. This has the advantage that the machine does not have to be switched off, but a change in the gap width can be carried out directly and immediately. This can be done with the previously described adjusting element 15 of the adjusting device 14, which is designed as an adjusting wedge.

Furthermore, it is also shown here that a receiving chamber 24 is formed or arranged in the tool holding device 6. The outlines of the receiving chamber 24 are shown only in a simplified manner, the tool unit 12 being received therein. To support the tool unit 12, the receiving chamber 24 has at least two first and second positioning surfaces 25, 26, which are oriented at an angle, in particular at right angles, to one another and on which the tool unit 12 is supported. When the tool holding device 6 is in the working position, in this exemplary embodiment shown here, the first positioning surface 25 is arranged on the side of the tool unit 12 facing away from the friction wheel 4. It is also shown that the receiving chamber 24 in the direction of the friction wheel 4 is designed to be open. Thus, in the working position of the tool holding device 6, the first positioning surface 25 can be oriented approximately vertically and in a perpendicular direction with respect to the direction of passage of the profile 2.

In the Figs. 2 to 4 an embodiment of the drive unit 9 of the extrusion machine 1, which is not included in the scope of protection, is shown, again with the same reference numerals or component designations as in the preceding for the same parts Fig. 1 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, please refer to the detailed description in the preceding section Fig. 1 pointed out or referred to.

The drive unit 9, shown here in simplified form, can itself be formed from a large number of different assemblies and components. The drive torque for the friction wheel 4 can take place, for example, by a drive motor with an optionally connected gear and a drive shaft 27. Via a coupling 28, the drive torque is passed on to first and second drive shaft parts 29, 30 arranged on both sides of the friction wheel 4 and rotatably mounted on frame parts of the base frame 5. At least one of the drive shaft parts 29, 30 is in the axial direction with respect to the base frame 5 from one on the Friction wheel 4 adjacent contact position in a spaced from the friction wheel 4 change position for the friction wheel 4 is adjustable. In the present exemplary embodiment, the assembly of the drive shaft part 29 and the coupling 28 connected to it, which is arranged here on the right, is mounted in a stationary manner on the base frame 5, in particular its right frame part. It is also shown here that the friction wheel 4 rests against the drive shaft parts 29, 30 arranged next to it on both sides and is additionally held clamped between these two drive shaft parts 29, 30 in the axial direction. Centering with respect to the common drive axle 8 can be provided on both sides between the friction wheel 4 and the drive shaft parts 29, 30.

In order not only to achieve a clamping based exclusively on friction and the associated retention of the friction wheel 4 on at least one of the drive shaft parts 29, 30, the friction wheel 4 can be connected to at least one of the drive shaft parts 29, 30 in their contact position via cooperating first and second Coupling elements 31, 32 of a coupling device 33 can be coupled in a rotationally fixed manner. The coupling device 33 is preferably arranged or formed on both sides of the friction wheel 4.

It can be advantageous if a driver ring 34 is provided on at least one of the drive shaft parts 29, 30, preferably on both of the drive shaft parts 29, 30 on the side facing the friction wheel 4. In this case, the first coupling elements 31 can be arranged or formed on at least one annular end face facing the friction wheel 4 at least one of the driver rings 34. In order to achieve a more uniform force transmission or force introduction of the drive torque into the friction wheel 4, the friction wheel 4 can each have several second coupling elements 32 arranged offset from one another in the circumferential direction on its two end faces spaced from one another in the direction of the drive axis 8.

For example, the first coupling elements 31 on the drive shaft part 29, 30 or the driver ring 34 can be formed by projections and / or depressions. The second coupling elements 32, which are arranged or formed on the friction wheel 4, are to be formed in a configuration that is identical to this, by means of recesses and / or projections.

In this way, in addition to the axial clamping, a positive coupling connection is achieved between the friction wheel 4 and at least one of the drive shaft parts 29, 30, but preferably both of them.

It can also be seen here that the two drive shaft parts 29, 30 each have first and second receiving openings 35, 36, which are cylindrical in their center. These are preferably aligned with one another in order to be able to accommodate a common support axis 37 therein. An additional support effect of the two drive shaft parts 29, 30 can also be achieved in their center by selecting a suitable fit. However, this also increases the inherent rigidity of the entire drive unit 9.

Furthermore, the support axle 37 can be provided with an external thread 38 on an axle end region facing the first drive shaft part 29. In order to be able to couple the support axle 37 with its axle end area with the first drive shaft part 29 in a form-fitting manner, the first receiving opening 35 of the first drive shaft part 29 can be provided with an internal thread 39. The support shaft 37 can thus be connected to the first drive shaft part 29 in a tensile manner in the axial direction. It should be noted that instead of the Thread arrangement, comprising the external thread 38 and the internal thread 39, also other form-fitting, tensile connection means can be provided in order to couple or connect the support axis 37 to the first drive shaft part 29 in a tensile manner. Care should be taken to ensure that coupling elements are in engagement in this area so that the friction wheel can be changed quickly and without long downtimes.

After the axis end region of the support axis 37 has been disengaged from the first drive shaft part 29, the support axis 37 can be slidably guided in the second receiving opening 36 formed in the second drive shaft part 30.

If the support axis 37 is in its position connected to the first drive shaft part 29 in a tension-proof manner, the second drive shaft part 30 can be adjusted in the direction of the first drive shaft part 29 via appropriately designed tension and / or pressure elements, so that the friction wheel 4 is axially between the two Drive shaft parts 29, 30 is held clamped. The form-fitting power transmission starting from at least one of the drive shaft parts 29, 30 to the friction wheel 4 can take place through the coupling device 33 described above and its first and second coupling elements 31, 32.

How now from the Fig. 3 As can be seen, the support axis 37 can be adjusted in the axial direction from an insert position which penetrates the friction wheel 4 and is screwed to the internal thread 39 of the first drive shaft part 29 in the direction averted from the first drive shaft part 29, at least to such an extent that an axis end of the support axis 37 facing the first drive shaft part 29 is arranged outside the friction wheel 4. If, however, instead of the screw connection with internal thread 39 and external thread 38 described here, a different coupling device with interlocking coupling means is provided, the previously described rotary movement can be omitted, for example.

If the support axis 37 is now adjusted to such an extent that it no longer protrudes into the friction wheel 4, the second drive shaft part 30 together with the support axis 37 received therein is in the axial direction from the contact position resting on the friction wheel 4 to the change position for the friction wheel 4 at a distance from the friction wheel 4 to adjust.

The adjustment movement of the support axis 37 described first can be carried out, for example, in such a way that after the positive connection has been released from the axis end area facing the first drive shaft part 29, an adjusting device 40, e.g. with a cylinder-piston arrangement, is arranged on the opposite end area of the support axis 37. Because the support axis 37 is mounted in the second drive shaft part 30 so that it can slide in the axial direction, an axial adjustment of the support axis 37 can be carried out via the adjustment device 40 into the position shown in FIG Fig. 3 position shown. For this purpose, the adjusting device 40 is connected to the end of the support axis 37 facing away from the first drive shaft part 29. Furthermore, the adjusting device 40 is also supported on the base frame 5, if necessary with the interposition of components that are not designated in detail. When the adjusting device 40 is actuated accordingly, the support axis 37 can be axially adjusted.

Is that in the Fig. 3 When the intermediate position shown is reached, a connecting lever 41 or setting lever is coupled or brought into engagement with the second drive shaft part 30, which is mounted in the base frame 5 so as to be adjustable in the axial direction. As a result, in the event of a further adjustment of the adjusting device 40, a joint adjustment of both the support axis 37 and the second drive shaft part 30 relative to the base frame 5 to the left-hand side of the base frame 5 can take place. This position is in the Fig. 4 shown, it can now also be seen that the contact position of the second drive shaft part 30 here is canceled by the friction wheel 4. With an appropriate choice of the length of the axial adjustment, the friction wheel 4 can then take place from the first drive shaft part 29 arranged here on the right-hand side.

The driver rings 34 described above can serve, for example, to always be able to form the same axial distance when the axial length of the friction wheel 4 changes by correspondingly exchanging or adapting the driver rings 34.

The process or the method for changing at least one friction wheel 4 of the extrusion machine 1 connected to the drive unit 9 and rotatable about the drive axis 8 can include at least the following steps.

First, the positive connection between the axle end area of the support shaft 37 and the first drive shaft part 29 of the drive unit 9, which is rotatably mounted on the base frame 5, is released first drive shaft part 29 adjusted opposite direction. The support axis 37 is adjusted to an intermediate position in which the friction wheel 4 is no longer penetrated by the support axis 37. Thus, at least the axle end area of the support axle 37 is outside the cross section of the friction wheel 4. This is followed by a common adjustment of the second drive shaft part 30 and the support axle 37 guided therein in the direction averted from the first drive shaft part 29. This results in the release of a contact position resting on the friction wheel 4 of at least one of the drive shaft parts 29 and / or 30. In the present exemplary embodiment, as is also shown in FIG Fig. 4 As can be seen, the friction wheel 4 remains on the first drive shaft part 29 and can then be released from it, in particular uncoupled, and removed from the extrusion machine 1 when it is appropriately released.

It is also advantageous, before the start of the friction wheel change, to move the pressure roller 10, which is arranged above the friction wheel 4, from its pressure position, which interacts with the friction wheel 4, for the extruded material 3 to be formed into a release position spaced from the friction wheel 4. This is intended to facilitate access to the friction wheel 4 and its subsequent removal as well as its insertion into the extrusion machine 1. The pressure roller 10 is preferably first adjusted upwards in the vertical direction in the direction facing away from the friction wheel 4. Subsequently, the pressure roller 10 can still be adjusted in the direction of passage of the extruded material 3 to be reshaped or the profile 2 into a position further distanced from the friction wheel 4. Furthermore, even before the start of the friction wheel change, the tool holding device 6 with the tool unit 12 received or supported therein should be pivoted from its working position immediately adjacent to the friction wheel 4 into a release position distanced therefrom. This enables even easier access to the friction wheel 4 and facilitates the removal and reinstallation activities.

In the Fig. 5 and 6th an embodiment of the tool unit 12 according to the invention is shown, again with the same reference numerals or component designations for the same parts as in the previous ones Figs. 1 to 4 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, please refer to the detailed description in the preceding section Figs. 1 to 4 pointed out or referred to. The tool unit 12, which is described in more detail below, is designed to interact with the extrusion machine 1 already described above, but can also be used with a tool holding device 6 designed differently for this purpose. Preferably, however, the tool unit 12 serves to interact with the tool holding device 6 and the gap width adjustment or setting associated therewith.

The tool unit 12 shown here is designed to be received in the previously described tool holding device 6 and in turn comprises a receiving cage 42 which has a first receiving cage part 43 arranged on the inlet side and a second receiving cage part 44 arranged on the outlet side. The two receiving cage parts 43, 44 can furthermore rest against one another via connecting means 45, such as screws or the like, on end faces 46, 47 facing one another and be connected to one another. In the first receiving cage part 43 there is provided a receiving channel 48 which extends through it in the direction of passage of the extruded material 3 and in which at least one tool element 49 arranged on the inlet side is received or inserted. In the at least one tool element 49 arranged on the inlet side, an expansion channel 50 is formed for the extruded material 3 stripped off by the friction wheel 4 and already softened.

For deflecting or stripping the extruded material 3 softened by the friction wheel 4, the tool unit 12 also comprises, in a known manner, a stripping element 51 arranged on the inlet side.

The second receiving cage part 44, which is arranged downstream of the first receiving cage part 43, has a receiving space 52 facing towards the first receiving cage part 43 and open towards it. At least one die 53 is received in the receiving space 52. The die 53 is arranged downstream of the tool element 49 arranged on the inlet side in the direction of passage of the extruded material 3. Furthermore, the die 53 is provided with a shaping channel 54 which is used to shape the profile 2 to be produced. The expansion channel 50 and the shaping channel 54 define a profile axis 55 for the to be produced Profile 2. For this, the profile axis is preferably aligned in a straight line and running in a horizontal plane.

The receiving space 52 is delimited at least in regions on the outlet side by a support surface 56. Subsequent to the receiving space 52, a passage opening 57 for the profile 2 emerging from the tool unit 12 is formed in the second receiving cage part 44. Furthermore, the die 53 is supported, optionally with the interposition of at least one spacer element 58, on the support surface 56 delimiting the receiving space 52 on the outlet side.

In the assembled or assembled position of the two receiving cage parts 43, 44 forming the receiving cage 42, an associated structural unit is formed in which the die 53, possibly the at least one spacer element 58, the tool element 49 arranged on the inlet side and the stripping element 51 are received or received therein are adhered to. The receiving cage 42, in particular its second receiving cage part 44, has a first support surface 59 at its outlet-side end, which is aligned with respect to the profile axis 55 in a plane running at right angles thereto. Furthermore, the receiving space 52 has, on its lower side in the deployed position, a further bearing surface 60 that extends at an angle to the first bearing surface 59, in particular at right angles thereto. The second support surface 60 preferably extends over both the first receiving cage part 43 and the second receiving cage part 44. This makes it possible to first arrange the components of the tool unit 12 to be received or attached in the two receiving cage parts 43, 44, then the two receiving cage parts 43, 44 to be set up on a flat mounting surface and shifted against one another until the two end faces 46, 47 come to rest against one another. Subsequently, a mutual connection or holding between the two receiving cage parts 43, 44 can be achieved or formed by means of the connecting means.

In this exemplary embodiment shown here, the tool element 49 arranged on the inlet side is supported directly on the die 53 and the spacer element 58 provided here on the support surface 56 of the second receiving cage part 44. This makes it possible to always have the same longitudinal extension of the tool unit 12 starting from the first To achieve support surface 59 in the direction of the profile axis 55 up to the inlet-side start of the expansion channel 50. The tool unit 12 can thus be inserted into the previously described receiving chamber 24 of the tool holding device 6 and brought into contact there on the two positioning surfaces 25, 26. Since the same longitudinal extension of the tool unit 12, as described above, can always be exactly executed and maintained here, the gap width setting can subsequently be precisely predetermined by the adjusting device 14 via the relative position or location of the adjusting element 15.

The die 53 and optionally the spacer element 58 can have a cylindrical outer shape on their outer circumference with respect to the profile axis 55. The receiving space 52 formed in the second receiving cage part 44 is then to be formed with a three-dimensional shape correspondingly configured in opposite directions. To achieve a clear alignment of the shaping channel 54 arranged in the die 53, at least the die 53, but preferably also the spacer element 58, can be received in the receiving space 52 formed in the second receiving cage part 44, guided in the axial direction with respect to the profile axis 55. This can be done, for example, via a centering pin 61, shown in a simplified manner, which is indicated in dashed lines. This is arranged in the outlet-side end region of the second receiving cage part 44 and extends in the direction of the first receiving cage part 43.

In order to also ensure a clear alignment of the tool element 49 arranged on the inlet side with respect to the receiving channel 48 formed in the first receiving cage part 43, the tool element 49 and the receiving channel 48 can have a form-fitting, cooperating circumferential geometry in relation to one another in the circumferential direction around the profile axis 55. This could be done, for example, by a cylindrical shape with lateral flattened areas or a polygonal cross-sectional shape.

How better now from a synopsis of the Fig. 5 and 6th As can be seen, a common receiving groove 62 is arranged or formed both in the tool element 49 arranged on the inlet side and in the first receiving cage part 43. The receiving groove 62 is limited by at least one groove base area 63, 64. The stripping element 51 is loosely inserted into the receiving groove 62 and is supported on the at least one groove base surface 63, 64 in a load-bearing manner.

As is known, the stripping element 51 protrudes into the groove shown in the friction wheel 4 and deflects the softened extruded material 3 from the groove of the friction wheel 4 into the expansion channel 50 of the tool element 49 on the inlet side. The stripping element 51 is subject to a high level of wear and tear and has to be replaced or changed more often. By appropriate selection and alignment of the groove base surfaces 63, 64, it is possible to receive the stripping element 51 loosely and thus without any additional holding device or clamping effect on the tool unit 12. Furthermore, internal cooling of the stripping element 51 can also be provided in order to minimize the temperature load.

In this exemplary embodiment shown here, the first groove base surface 63 is arranged or formed in the tool element 49 arranged on the inlet side and the second groove base surface 64 is arranged or formed in the first receiving cage part 43. In this case, the two groove base surfaces 63, 64 are aligned or formed converging towards one another in the direction of the second receiving cage part 44 arranged on the outlet side. For this purpose, first and second contact surfaces 65, 66 that are aligned in opposite directions are to be formed on the stripping element 51. Because of these groove base surfaces 63, 64, which are aligned towards one another, the stripping element 51 is pressed against them, whereby a kind of self-centering and retention of the stripping element 51, which is otherwise loosely inserted in the receiving groove 62, can be achieved. The lateral support takes place on the side surfaces of the receiving groove 62.

Furthermore, a retaining projection 67 can be formed on the stripping element 51 on its end section facing the second receiving cage part 44 and formed between the two contact surfaces 65, 66. The retaining lug 67 can be designed as a protruding nose and engage in a retaining lug receiving opening 68 embodied in the same way.

In the Fig. 7 a further possible and possibly independent embodiment of the tool unit 12 is shown, with the same reference numerals or component designations for the same parts as in the preceding Figs. 1 to 6 be used. To avoid unnecessary repetition, please refer to the detailed description in the preceding section Figs. 1 to 6 pointed out or referred to.

In the horizontal section shown schematically here, the receiving cage 42 is again shown with its two receiving cage parts 43, 44. The spacer element 58 and the die 53 can be accommodated in the accommodating space 52 formed in the second accommodating cage part 44. A corresponding alignment and adjustment of these two parts can take place analogously by means of the centering pin 61, as has already been described above.

In contrast to the embodiment described above, the inlet-side tool element 49 with its expansion channel 50 arranged therein is supported with its outlet-side end face on the second receiving cage part 44. It is also shown here that a centering arrangement 69 with interacting centering elements 70, 71 is arranged or provided on the end faces 46, 47 of the two receiving cage parts 43, 44 facing one another. An even more precise mutual alignment of the two receiving cage parts 43, 44 to be connected to one another can thus be achieved. In addition, it is also shown here that the inlet-side tool element 49 has on its outer circumference a projection 72 which protrudes or protrudes beyond the outer contour. In this case, the projection 72 can be arranged or provided as a circumferential flange-like extension or only in certain areas over the circumference.

With a corresponding reworking of the inlet-side contour - which is directly facing the friction wheel 4 - of the tool element 49, the concave end face facing the friction wheel 4 must be reworked. The overall length of the tool unit 12 described above is thus shortened. In order to obtain a corresponding length compensation, in this exemplary embodiment shown here, a projection end face 73 facing the friction wheel 4 must also be reworked by a corresponding amount. As a result of this machining process, the concave tool element surface facing the friction wheel 4 is displaced with the beginning of the expansion channel 50 to the predetermined nominal dimension of the longitudinal extension. In order to be able to compensate for the gap that would otherwise arise between the tool element 49 and the die 53, an additional further spacer element 58 with a corresponding thickness is to be inserted into the receiving space 52. This in turn ensures a continuous, tight contact starting from the tool element 49, the die 53 and the spacer element or elements 58 on the support surface 56 of the receiving space 52.

The exemplary embodiments show possible design variants of the extrusion machine 1, its tool holding device 6 with the tool unit 12 received and supported therein, as well as the drive unit 9 for the friction wheel 4, whereby it should be noted at this point that the invention is not limited to the specifically shown design variants, but rather Various combinations of the individual design variants with one another are also possible and this possibility of variation is within the ability of the person skilled in the art working in this technical field due to the teaching on technical action through the present invention.

Furthermore, individual features or combinations of features from the different exemplary embodiments shown and described can also represent independent, inventive or inventive solutions.

The task on which the independent inventive solutions are based can be found in the description.

All information on value ranges in the objective description should be understood to include any and all sub-ranges, e.g. The indication 1 to 10 is to be understood in such a way that all sub-areas, starting from the lower limit 1 and the upper limit 10, are included, i.e. all subranges start with a lower limit of 1 or greater and end at an upper limit of 10 or less, e.g. 1 to 1.7, or 3.2 to 8.1, or 5.5 to 10.

For the sake of clarity, it should finally be pointed out that for a better understanding of the structure of the extrusion press machine 1, this or its components have been shown partially not to scale and / or enlarged and / or reduced. <b> List of reference symbols </b> 1 Extrusion machine 31 first coupling element 2 profile 32 second coupling element 3 Extrusions 33 Coupling device 4th Friction wheel 34 Drive ring 5 Base frame 35 first receiving opening 6th Tool holding device 36 second receiving opening 7th Swivel axis 37 Support axis 8th Drive axle 38 External thread 9 Drive unit 39 inner thread 10 Pressure roller 40 Adjusting device 11 Locking device 41 Connecting lever 12th Tool unit 42 Receiving cage 13 End area 43 first receiving cage part 14th Adjusting device 44 second receiving cage part 15th Control element 45 Lanyard 16 Footprint 46 Face 17th Guide surface 47 Face 18th Support surface 48 Recording channel 19th Pressure unit 49 Tool element 20th Printing element 50 Expansion channel 21st Pressure chamber 51 Wiper element 22nd Measuring device 52 Recording room 23 Evaluation and control device 53 die 24 Receiving chamber 54 Shaping channel 25th first positioning surface 55 Profile axis 26th second positioning surface 56 Support surface 27 drive shaft 57 Passage opening 28 coupling 58 Spacer element 29 first drive shaft part 59 Support surface 30th second drive shaft part 60 Support surface 61 Centering 62 Receiving groove 63 Groove base 64 Groove base 65 Contact surfaces 66 Contact surfaces 67 Holding approach 68 Retaining attachment opening 69 Centering arrangement 70 Centering elements 71 Centering elements 72 head Start 73 Protrusion face

Claims (7)

1. A tool unit (12) for an extrusion machine (1) for continuous production of profiles (2) from a moldable extrusion material (3), comprising

   - a scraping element (51) arranged on the inlet side for the moldable extrusion material (3),

   - at least one tool element (49) arranged on the inlet side with an expansion channel (50) receiving the scraped extrusion material (3),

   - a die (53) with a molding channel (54) for molding the profile (2) to be produced, which die (53) is arranged in the direction of passage of the extrusion material (3) downstream of the tool element (49) arranged on the inlet side, and the expansion channel (50) with the molding channel (54) define a profile axis (55) for the profile (2) to be produced, characterized in

   - that the tool unit (12) has a receiving cage (42), which has a first receiving cage part (43) arranged on the inlet side and a second receiving cage part (44) arranged on the outlet side, wherein both receiving cage parts (43, 44) are connected to one another via connecting means (45),

   - that in the first receiving cage part (43), a receiving channel (48) pushing through said receiving cage part (43) in the passage direction of the extrusion material (3) is formed, in which receiving channel (48) at least the tool element (49) arranged on the inlet side is received,

   - that in the second receiving cage part (44), a receiving chamber (52) facing the first receiving cage part (43) and opening towards it is formed, in which at least the die (53) is received and supported by a support surface (56) delimiting the receiving chamber (52) at least in some regions at the outlet side,

   - that both in the tool element (49) arranged on the inlet side and in the first receiving cage part (43), a common receiving groove (62) is formed with at least one groove base surface (63, 64), in which receiving groove (62) the scraping element (51) is inserted loosely and is supported on the at least one groove base surface (63, 64), and

   - that in the tool element (49) arranged on the inlet side, a first groove base surface (63) and in the first receiving cage part (43), a second groove base surface (64) is formed, wherein the two groove base surfaces (63, 64) are formed to be tapering toward one another in the direction toward the second receiving cage part (44) arranged on the outlet side, wherein the scraping element (51) has first and second contact surfaces (65, 66) oriented in a mirror-inverted manner thereto.
2. The tool unit (12) according to claim 1, characterized in that a holding projection (67) is formed at the end section of the scraping element (51) facing the second receiving cage part (44) and formed between both contact areas (65, 66), which engages with a holding projection receiving opening (68) that is formed to be mirror-inverted thereto.
3. The tool unit (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the tool element (49) arranged on the inlet side as well as the receiving channel (48) formed in the first receiving cage part (43), seen in the circumferential direction about the profile axis (55), have peripheral geometry cooperating in a form-fitting manner.
4. The tool unit (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the die (53) is received in a guided manner in the receiving chamber (52) formed in the second receiving cage part (44) in the axial direction with respect to the profile axis (55).
5. The tool unit (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that at least one distancing element (58) is arranged between the die (53) and the support surface (56) delimiting the receiving chamber (52) on the outlet side.
6. The tool unit (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a centering arrangement (69) having cooperating centering elements (70, 71) is arranged on end faces (46, 47) of the two receiving cage parts (43, 44) facing each other.
7. The tool unit (12) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the receiving cage (42) has a first rest surface (59) at its end on the output side, which rest surface (59) is oriented in a plane extending perpendicular to the profile axis (55), and, on its bottom side situated in the operational position, has a further, second rest surface (60) extending in an angular, in particular orthogonal, manner with respect to the first rest surface (59).

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