EP3405839B1 - Coup perdu escapement mechanism - Google Patents

Coup perdu escapement mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3405839B1
EP3405839B1 EP16805457.5A EP16805457A EP3405839B1 EP 3405839 B1 EP3405839 B1 EP 3405839B1 EP 16805457 A EP16805457 A EP 16805457A EP 3405839 B1 EP3405839 B1 EP 3405839B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
wheel
release
escapement
mechanism according
escapement mechanism
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EP16805457.5A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3405839A1 (en
Inventor
Dominique Renaud
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Freymond Eric
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Dominique Renaud SA
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B17/00—Mechanisms for stabilising frequency
    • G04B17/04—Oscillators acting by spring tension
    • G04B17/06—Oscillators with hairsprings, e.g. balance
    • G04B17/063—Balance construction
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G04—HOROLOGY
    • G04B—MECHANICALLY-DRIVEN CLOCKS OR WATCHES; MECHANICAL PARTS OF CLOCKS OR WATCHES IN GENERAL; TIME PIECES USING THE POSITION OF THE SUN, MOON OR STARS
    • G04B15/00—Escapements
    • G04B15/06—Free escapements

Definitions

  • the family of misses escapements proposes not to transmit an impulse to the balance wheel at each of its alternations.
  • the detent escapements are probably the best known of the misses with a misses by oscillation, that is to say a pulse every two alternations.
  • Each of the documents EP 1,770,452 , EP 1,538,491 , CH 700 091 and EP 2,199,875 discloses a detent escapement.
  • the quality factor of the pendulum is particularly high.
  • the object of the present invention is to propose a new type of bleed exhaust, capable of being used with an oscillator having a high quality factor, but which can also be used with a conventional oscillator.
  • EP 1,983,388 discloses an escapement for a timepiece comprising first and second impulse paddles integral with the balance cooperating directly with the teeth with which the exhaust mobile is provided and a blocker driven periodically by the balance, this blocker being provided with first and second rest paddles arranged to cooperate with the teeth of the exhaust mobile.
  • the invention relates to an escape mechanism as defined in the claims.
  • an exhaust mechanism according to a first embodiment of the invention.
  • the function of the escapement is to count and maintain the oscillations of the regulating member, in this case a balance 10, associated with a return spring, of the spiral or other type.
  • the exhaust mechanism comprises an escape wheel 12 intended to receive energy from an energy source, a barrel spring for example. Energy is supplied in the form of a rotary torque tending to put the escape wheel 12 in rotation.
  • the escapement mechanism according to the invention is a direct escapement and the escapement wheel 12 is arranged so as to directly supply a portion of energy to the balance 10, by cooperating with a pin 14 or an ellipse secured to the balance 10.
  • the exhaust mechanism according to the invention also comprises a locking member 16 intended to cooperate with the escape wheel 12 for block its rotation. As will be understood later, this rotation is intermittently blocked, which makes it possible to temporarily release the torque supplied by the energy source.
  • the locking member 16 is an intermediate part, of the rocker type, comprising a rest pallet 18 intended to block the rotation of the escapement wheel 12.
  • the rocker is held elastically against a stop 20 under the action of a spring 21, in a waiting position.
  • the rest pallet 18 is in the race of the teeth of the escape wheel 12 which, under the action of the torque transmitted by the energy source, comes to stop on the rest pallet 18. It It is within the capacity of a person skilled in the art to determine the conformations of the teeth of the escape wheel 12 and of the rest pallet 18, in order to optimize the interactions between these elements. It should be noted, however, that the escape wheel 12 can be active on different levels.
  • the escape wheel 12 has arms 12a defining a first plane and at the end of which the teeth 12b are arranged, arranged in a different plane.
  • the arms 12a of the escape wheel 12 are located in the plane of the pin 14 of the balance 10 and the teeth 12b in the plane of the locking member 16.
  • the exhaust mechanism according to the invention also comprises a trigger wheel 22 rotatably mounted and arranged to cooperate directly or indirectly with the escape wheel 12, in order to release it.
  • the axis of the trigger wheel is distinct from the axis of the balance wheel.
  • the trigger wheel 22 is mounted coaxially and integral in rotation with a trigger cam 24 intended to cooperate periodically with the intermediate piece, via a release pallet 26 that the intermediate piece comprises.
  • the triggering cam 24 comprises teeth (in this case 3), arranged to cooperate with the release pallet 26 and cause the escape wheel 12 to be released from the rest pallet 18.
  • the trigger wheel 22 is mounted to rotate freely on its axis. It is positioned by a jumper 28, which also makes it possible to regulate the rotation by steps of the trigger wheel 22.
  • the escape mechanism comprises an elastic pawl 30 intended to be mounted on the balance 10.
  • This pawl 30 comprises a finger 32 capable of cooperating with the trigger wheel 22 during pendulum oscillations 10.
  • a stud 34 is arranged so that the pawl 30 clicks during alternations in one direction (counterclockwise on the figure 1 ), and that the pawl 30 pushes the trigger wheel 22 in the other direction (alternating clockwise on the figure 1 ).
  • a person skilled in the art can envisage various types of unidirectional drive, such as pawls of various shapes or even a pin shaped to exert an efficient motor action only for alternations in one direction.
  • the elastic pawl 30 actuates the trigger wheel 22 once to drive it in rotation. This rotation is one step, under the action of the jumper 28.
  • the escape wheel 12 is released periodically, in this case, when the trigger cam 24 cooperates with the intermediate piece. The escape wheel 12 can then give a direct impulse to the balance 10.
  • the escape wheel 12 is at rest, bearing on the rest pallet 18, the intermediate piece being positioned against the stop 20 by the action of the spring 21, not shown in this figure.
  • the balance 10 is alternating clockwise and the elastic pawl 30 pushes one of the teeth of the trigger wheel 22, which rotates without actuating anything at the trigger cam 24 in this figure.
  • the jumper 28 positions the trigger wheel 22 after the drive by the elastic pawl 30.
  • the trigger cam 24 is in the position illustrated on the figure 3 , able to cooperate with the release pallet 26 of the intermediate piece. Under the action of the triggering cam 24, the intermediate part pivots, which releases the escape wheel 12 from the rest pallet 18.
  • the arm 12a of the tooth 12b of the escapement wheel 12 which has just been released then gives an impulse to the balance 10 by pushing the pin 14.
  • the intermediate piece returns to its initial position against the stop 20 under the action of the spring 21.
  • the rotation of the escape wheel 12 continues, driven by the energy source.
  • the next arm 12a falls on the rest pallet 18 ( fig. 5 ) and the escape wheel 12 returns to the position of the figure 2 .
  • the figure 10 proposes a variant of this first embodiment, in which the locking member 16, more particularly the intermediate part of the rocker type, is not resiliently held in its standby position, but it is brought back into this position by the action of an additional arm 40, arranged to cooperate with a positioning cam integral with the trigger wheel.
  • an additional arm 40 arranged to cooperate with a positioning cam integral with the trigger wheel.
  • the trigger cam 24 which also plays the role of positioning cam, but the two functions could be made by two separate cams, coaxial and linked in rotation. After the release operated by a first tooth from the actuating cam, another tooth cooperates with the additional arm 40 to return the rocker to its standby position.
  • the figure 7 shows a second embodiment of the invention, in which the blocking member 16 is disposed on the trigger wheel 22. More particularly, the blocking member 16 is formed by a stud 34 projecting from the wheel trigger 22. The stud 34 is arranged to cooperate with the escape wheel 12, more particularly with its teeth, in order to block it in rotation.
  • the trigger wheel 22 is positioned by a jumper 28 cooperating with a structure 36, called positioning structure, which comprises the trigger wheel 22.
  • the jumper 28 and the structure 36 are configured so that the jumper 28 returns the trigger wheel 22 to a single predefined position, after actuation by the elastic pawl 30, according to an oscillatory rotation.
  • the angular sector along which the jumper 28 and the positioning structure 36 cooperate is greater than the angular travel traveled by the trigger wheel 22 when it is actuated by the pawl 30.
  • the trigger wheel 22 comprises one, in this case, a single tooth 22a, intended to cooperate with the elastic pawl 30 carried by the pendulum 10.
  • the concept of tooth more generally includes a portion d drive, capable of receiving a driving action from the pawl 30.
  • the jumper 28 is always in cooperation with the positioning structure 36 when the pawl 30 escapes from the tooth 22a of the trigger wheel 22.
  • the jumper 28 exerts a force on the positioning structure 36 which has the effect of returning the trigger wheel 22 to its initial position, by rotating it counterclockwise (always with reference to the figure 7 ).
  • the rotation of the trigger wheel 22 was sufficient to allow the pad 34 to release the escape wheel 12.
  • the arm 12a which has just been released can then transmit an impulse to the balance 10, via the ankle 14.
  • the Figures 8 and 9 propose another embodiment, derived from the embodiment of the figure 7 .
  • the blocking member 16 is always disposed on the trigger wheel 22.
  • the blocking member 16 is this time formed by a plurality of studs 34, projecting and distributed over the trigger wheel 22.
  • the trigger wheel 22 is arranged to be rotated in a continuous direction, as in the first embodiment. It therefore has a toothing or a series of drive portions, over its entire periphery.
  • the jumper 28 ensures the positioning of the trigger wheel 22 at each step.
  • each pad 34 extends opposite a plurality of teeth of the trigger wheel, preferably by forming an arc of a circle, advantageously positioned in a peripheral zone of the trigger wheel 22.
  • the number of pads 34 is reduced compared to the figure 8 and the angular sector covered by them is increased.
  • a person skilled in the art can adjust the ratio between the number N of teeth of the trigger wheel 22 and the number k of studs 34.
  • k is an integer ⁇ 1 and less than N / 2.
  • an innovative escape mechanism in particular in that it implements a trigger wheel 22, movable in rotation either in a continuous direction, or in an oscillatory rotation.
  • this escape mechanism can be used with any type of oscillator. It is however particularly advantageous to be used with a high quality factor oscillator, comprising a pivot as proposed in the document.
  • PCT / EP2015 / 065884 filed in the name of the plaintiff.
  • a timepiece pivot pivotally connects around a pivot axis a first part with a second part.
  • the pivot comprises a blade provided with a wire, integral with one of the first or second parts and parallel to the axis of the pivot, and a support zone integral with the other of the first and second parts and against which the blade wire is in support, the contact points of the blade and the support area being substantially located on the axis of the pivot.
  • the pivot comprises means arranged to keep the blade in abutment against the support zone.
  • the median plane of the blade passing through the wire defines a blade plane. In normal operating mode, said means are arranged so that the first and second parts are not free to translate one with reference to the other in the direction orthogonal to the axis of the pivot contained in the plane of blade.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Transmission Devices (AREA)

Description

Domaine techniqueTechnical area

La présente invention se rapporte au domaine de l'horlogerie. Elle concerne, plus particulièrement, un mécanisme d'échappement comprenant

  • une roue d'échappement destinée à recevoir de l'énergie d'une source d'énergie pour la mettre en rotation, et à fournir directement une parcelle d'énergie à un balancier pour entretenir ses oscillations, et
  • un organe de blocage destiné à coopérer avec la roue d'échappement pour bloquer sa rotation.
The present invention relates to the field of watchmaking. It relates, more particularly, to an exhaust mechanism comprising
  • an escape wheel intended to receive energy from an energy source to set it in rotation, and to directly supply a portion of energy to a balance wheel to maintain its oscillations, and
  • a blocking member intended to cooperate with the escape wheel to block its rotation.

Etat de la techniqueState of the art

Parmi les différentes sortes d'échappement, la famille des échappements à coups perdus propose de ne pas transmettre d'impulsion au balancier à chacune de ses alternances. Les échappements à détente sont probablement les plus connus des échappements à coups perdus, avec un coup perdu par oscillation, soit une impulsion toutes les deux alternances. Chacun des documents EP 1 770 452 , EP 1 538 491 , CH 700 091 et EP 2 199 875 divulgue un échappement à détente.Among the different types of escapement, the family of misses escapements proposes not to transmit an impulse to the balance wheel at each of its alternations. The detent escapements are probably the best known of the misses with a misses by oscillation, that is to say a pulse every two alternations. Each of the documents EP 1,770,452 , EP 1,538,491 , CH 700 091 and EP 2,199,875 discloses a detent escapement.

Ce type d'échappement est intéressant dans la mesure où il permet de limiter les perturbations à l'oscillateur et d'augmenter la réserve de marche. Cependant, il y a extrêmement peu de mécanismes qui proposent davantage d'alternance muette. Par exemple, parmi les systèmes historiques, on trouve l'échappement duplex de Jacot qui propose un échappement à triple coups perdus, soit une impulsion toutes les deux alternances.This type of exhaust is interesting insofar as it makes it possible to limit disturbances to the oscillator and to increase the power reserve. However, there are extremely few mechanisms that offer more mute alternation. For example, among the historical systems, we find the Jacot duplex escapement which offers a triple knock exhaust, that is to say an impulse every two half-waves.

Cependant, vu que les oscillations du balancier sont entretenues à une fréquence plus lente que pour les échappements sans coup perdu, il est préférable que le facteur qualité du balancier soit particulièrement élevé.However, since the oscillations of the pendulum are maintained at a slower frequency than for escapements without losing a blow, it is preferable that the quality factor of the pendulum is particularly high.

La présente invention a pour but de proposer un nouveau type d'échappement à coups perdus, susceptible d'être utilisé avec un oscillateur présentant un facteur qualité élevé, mais qui peut en outre être utilisé avec un oscillateur conventionnel.The object of the present invention is to propose a new type of bleed exhaust, capable of being used with an oscillator having a high quality factor, but which can also be used with a conventional oscillator.

Le document EP 1 983 388 divulgue un échappement pour pièce d'horlogerie comprenant des première et seconde palettes d'impulsion solidaires du balancier coopérant directement avec les dents dont est pourvu le mobile d'échappement et un bloqueur entraîné périodiquement par le balancier, ce bloqueur étant pourvu de première et seconde palettes de repos arrangées pour coopérer avec les dents du mobile d'échappement.The document EP 1,983,388 discloses an escapement for a timepiece comprising first and second impulse paddles integral with the balance cooperating directly with the teeth with which the exhaust mobile is provided and a blocker driven periodically by the balance, this blocker being provided with first and second rest paddles arranged to cooperate with the teeth of the exhaust mobile.

Divulguation de l'inventionDisclosure of invention

De façon plus précise, l'invention concerne un mécanisme d'échappement tel que défini dans les revendications.More specifically, the invention relates to an escape mechanism as defined in the claims.

Brève description des dessinsBrief description of the drawings

D'autres détails de l'invention apparaîtront plus clairement à la lecture de la description qui suit, faite en référence au dessin annexé dans lequel :

  • la figure 1 est une vue d'ensemble d'un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention,
  • les figures 2 à 6 sont des vues chronologiques de phases successives du mécanisme de la figure 1, lors de son fonctionnement,
  • les figures 7, 8 et 9 proposent des modes de réalisation supplémentaires de l'invention, les zones grisées schématisant les déplacements de certaines parties ou éléments, et
  • la figure 10 propose une variante du premier mode de réalisation.
Other details of the invention will appear more clearly on reading the description which follows, given with reference to the appended drawing in which:
  • the figure 1 is an overview of a first embodiment of the invention,
  • the figures 2 to 6 are chronological views of successive phases of the mechanism of figure 1 , during its operation,
  • the figures 7 , 8 and 9 propose additional embodiments of the invention, the shaded areas schematically showing the displacements of certain parts or elements, and
  • the figure 10 proposes a variant of the first embodiment.

Mode de réalisation de l'inventionMode of carrying out the invention

On a représenté sur la figure 1, un mécanisme d'échappement selon un premier mode de réalisation de l'invention. L'échappement a pour fonction de compter et d'entretenir les oscillations de l'organe régulateur, en l'espèce un balancier 10, associé à un ressort de rappel, de type spiral ou autre.We have represented on the figure 1 , an exhaust mechanism according to a first embodiment of the invention. The function of the escapement is to count and maintain the oscillations of the regulating member, in this case a balance 10, associated with a return spring, of the spiral or other type.

Le mécanisme d'échappement comprend une roue d'échappement 12 destinée à recevoir de l'énergie d'une source d'énergie, un ressort de barillet par exemple. L'énergie est fournie sous forme d'un couple rotatif tendant à mettre la roue d'échappement 12 en rotation. Le mécanisme d'échappement selon l'invention est un échappement direct et la roue d'échappement 12 est agencée de manière à fournir directement une parcelle d'énergie au balancier 10, en coopérant avec une cheville 14 ou une ellipse solidaire du balancier 10.The exhaust mechanism comprises an escape wheel 12 intended to receive energy from an energy source, a barrel spring for example. Energy is supplied in the form of a rotary torque tending to put the escape wheel 12 in rotation. The escapement mechanism according to the invention is a direct escapement and the escapement wheel 12 is arranged so as to directly supply a portion of energy to the balance 10, by cooperating with a pin 14 or an ellipse secured to the balance 10.

Le mécanisme d'échappement selon l'invention comprend encore un organe de blocage 16 destiné à coopérer avec la roue d'échappement 12 pour bloquer sa rotation. Comme on le comprendra par la suite, cette rotation est bloquée par intermittence, ce qui permet de libérer momentanément le couple fourni par la source d'énergie.The exhaust mechanism according to the invention also comprises a locking member 16 intended to cooperate with the escape wheel 12 for block its rotation. As will be understood later, this rotation is intermittently blocked, which makes it possible to temporarily release the torque supplied by the energy source.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 1, l'organe de blocage 16 est une pièce intermédiaire, de type bascule, comprenant une palette de repos 18 destinée à bloquer la rotation de la roue d'échappement 12. La bascule est maintenue élastiquement contre une butée 20 sous l'action d'un ressort 21, dans une position d'attente. Dans cette position, la palette de repos 18 est dans la course des dents de la roue d'échappement 12 qui, sous l'action du couple transmis par la source d'énergie, vient s'arrêter sur la palette de repos 18. Il est à la portée de l'homme du métier de déterminer les conformations des dents de la roue d'échappement 12 et de la palette de repos 18, pour optimiser les interactions entre ces éléments. On relèvera toutefois que la roue d'échappement 12 peut être active sur différents niveaux. Dans l'exemple, la roue d'échappement 12 comporte des bras 12a définissant un premier plan et à l'extrémité desquels sont disposées les dents 12b, agencées dans un plan différent. Les bras 12a de la roue d'échappement 12 sont situés dans le plan de la cheville 14 du balancier 10 et les dents 12b dans le plan de l'organe de blocage 16.In the embodiment of the figure 1 , the locking member 16 is an intermediate part, of the rocker type, comprising a rest pallet 18 intended to block the rotation of the escapement wheel 12. The rocker is held elastically against a stop 20 under the action of a spring 21, in a waiting position. In this position, the rest pallet 18 is in the race of the teeth of the escape wheel 12 which, under the action of the torque transmitted by the energy source, comes to stop on the rest pallet 18. It It is within the capacity of a person skilled in the art to determine the conformations of the teeth of the escape wheel 12 and of the rest pallet 18, in order to optimize the interactions between these elements. It should be noted, however, that the escape wheel 12 can be active on different levels. In the example, the escape wheel 12 has arms 12a defining a first plane and at the end of which the teeth 12b are arranged, arranged in a different plane. The arms 12a of the escape wheel 12 are located in the plane of the pin 14 of the balance 10 and the teeth 12b in the plane of the locking member 16.

Le mécanisme d'échappement selon l'invention comprend encore une roue de déclenchement 22 montée rotative et agencée pour coopérer directement ou indirectement avec la roue d'échappement 12, afin de la libérer. L'axe de la roue de déclenchement est distinct de l'axe du balancier.The exhaust mechanism according to the invention also comprises a trigger wheel 22 rotatably mounted and arranged to cooperate directly or indirectly with the escape wheel 12, in order to release it. The axis of the trigger wheel is distinct from the axis of the balance wheel.

Dans le mode de réalisation de la figure 1, cette coopération est indirecte et se fait par la pièce intermédiaire. Pour ce faire, la roue de déclenchement 22 est montée coaxiale et solidaire en rotation d'une came de déclenchement 24 destinée à coopérer périodiquement avec la pièce intermédiaire, via une palette de dégagement 26 que comporte la pièce intermédiaire. Dans l'exemple, la came de déclenchement 24 comprend des dents (en l'espèce 3), agencées pour coopérer avec la palette de dégagement 26 et entraîner le dégagement de la roue d'échappement 12 de la palette de repos 18.In the embodiment of the figure 1 , this cooperation is indirect and takes place through the intermediate piece. To do this, the trigger wheel 22 is mounted coaxially and integral in rotation with a trigger cam 24 intended to cooperate periodically with the intermediate piece, via a release pallet 26 that the intermediate piece comprises. In the example, the triggering cam 24 comprises teeth (in this case 3), arranged to cooperate with the release pallet 26 and cause the escape wheel 12 to be released from the rest pallet 18.

La roue de déclenchement 22 est montée libre en rotation sur son axe. Elle est positionnée par un sautoir 28, qui permet également de réguler la rotation par pas de la roue de déclenchement 22.The trigger wheel 22 is mounted to rotate freely on its axis. It is positioned by a jumper 28, which also makes it possible to regulate the rotation by steps of the trigger wheel 22.

Pour faire pivoter la roue de déclenchement 22, le mécanisme d'échappement selon l'invention comprend un cliquet élastique 30 destiné à être monté sur le balancier 10. Ce cliquet 30 comprend un doigt 32 susceptible de coopérer avec la roue de déclenchement 22 lors des oscillations du balancier 10. Un plot 34 est disposé de manière que le cliquet 30 décliquette lors des alternances dans un sens (dans le sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre sur la figure 1), et que le cliquet 30 pousse la roue de déclenchement 22 dans l'autre sens (alternance dans le sens des aiguilles d'une montre sur la figure 1). L'homme du métier peut envisager divers types d'entraînement unidirectionnel, tels que des cliquets de forme diverses ou encore une goupille conformée pour n'exercer une action motrice efficiente que pour les alternances dans un sens.To rotate the trigger wheel 22, the escape mechanism according to the invention comprises an elastic pawl 30 intended to be mounted on the balance 10. This pawl 30 comprises a finger 32 capable of cooperating with the trigger wheel 22 during pendulum oscillations 10. A stud 34 is arranged so that the pawl 30 clicks during alternations in one direction (counterclockwise on the figure 1 ), and that the pawl 30 pushes the trigger wheel 22 in the other direction (alternating clockwise on the figure 1 ). A person skilled in the art can envisage various types of unidirectional drive, such as pawls of various shapes or even a pin shaped to exert an efficient motor action only for alternations in one direction.

Ainsi, à chaque oscillation, le cliquet élastique 30 actionne une fois la roue de déclenchement 22 pour l'entraîner en rotation. Cette rotation est d'un pas, sous l'action du sautoir 28. La roue d'échappement 12 est libérée périodiquement, en l'espèce, lorsque la came de déclenchement 24 coopère avec la pièce intermédiaire. La roue d'échappement 12 peut alors donner une impulsion directe au balancier 10.Thus, at each oscillation, the elastic pawl 30 actuates the trigger wheel 22 once to drive it in rotation. This rotation is one step, under the action of the jumper 28. The escape wheel 12 is released periodically, in this case, when the trigger cam 24 cooperates with the intermediate piece. The escape wheel 12 can then give a direct impulse to the balance 10.

Nous allons maintenant expliciter le fonctionnement du mécanisme tel que proposé à la figure 1, en référence aux figures 2 à 6.We will now explain the operation of the mechanism as proposed in the figure 1 , with reference to figures 2 to 6 .

Sur la figure 2, la roue d'échappement 12 est au repos, en appui sur la palette de repos 18, la pièce intermédiaire étant positionnée contre la butée 20 par l'action du ressort 21, non représenté sur cette figure. Le balancier 10 est dans son alternance dans le sens horaire et le cliquet élastique 30 pousse une des dents de la roue de déclenchement 22, qui tourne sans rien actionner au niveau de la came de déclenchement 24 sur cette figure. Le sautoir 28 positionne la roue de déclenchement 22 après l'entraînement par le cliquet élastique 30.On the figure 2 , the escape wheel 12 is at rest, bearing on the rest pallet 18, the intermediate piece being positioned against the stop 20 by the action of the spring 21, not shown in this figure. The balance 10 is alternating clockwise and the elastic pawl 30 pushes one of the teeth of the trigger wheel 22, which rotates without actuating anything at the trigger cam 24 in this figure. The jumper 28 positions the trigger wheel 22 after the drive by the elastic pawl 30.

Au gré des avances de la roue de déclenchement 22, la came de déclenchement 24 se trouve dans la position illustrée sur la figure 3, apte à coopérer avec la palette de dégagement 26 de la pièce intermédiaire. Sous l'action de la came de déclenchement 24, la pièce intermédiaire pivote, ce qui dégage la roue d'échappement 12 de la palette de repos 18.As the trigger wheel 22 advances, the trigger cam 24 is in the position illustrated on the figure 3 , able to cooperate with the release pallet 26 of the intermediate piece. Under the action of the triggering cam 24, the intermediate part pivots, which releases the escape wheel 12 from the rest pallet 18.

Le bras 12a de la dent 12b de la roue d'échappement 12 qui vient d'être libérée donne alors une impulsion au balancier 10 en poussant la cheville 14. La pièce intermédiaire revient dans sa position initiale contre la butée 20 sous l'action du ressort 21.The arm 12a of the tooth 12b of the escapement wheel 12 which has just been released then gives an impulse to the balance 10 by pushing the pin 14. The intermediate piece returns to its initial position against the stop 20 under the action of the spring 21.

La rotation de la roue d'échappement 12 continue, entraînée par la source d'énergie. Le bras 12a suivant chute sur la palette de repos 18 (fig. 5) et la roue d'échappement 12 revient dans la position de la figure 2.The rotation of the escape wheel 12 continues, driven by the energy source. The next arm 12a falls on the rest pallet 18 ( fig. 5 ) and the escape wheel 12 returns to the position of the figure 2 .

Lors de l'alternance suivante du balancier 10, le cliquet 30 décliquette sur la roue de déclenchement 22, sans actionner celle-ci (figure 6).During the following alternation of the balance 10, the pawl 30 clicks on the release wheel 22, without actuating the latter ( figure 6 ).

Ainsi, en ajustant le rapport entre le nombre N de dents de la roue de déclenchement 22, et le nombre n de dents ou plus généralement d'organes de déclenchement de la came de déclenchement 24, on peut définir le nombre de coups perdus, c'est-à-dire le nombre d'alternances pendant lesquelles il n'y a pas d'impulsion transmise au balancier 10. Il est implicite que N>n. Une impulsion est transmise au balancier 10 toutes les 2x(N/n) alternances.Thus, by adjusting the ratio between the number N of teeth of the triggering wheel 22, and the number n of teeth or more generally of triggering members of the triggering cam 24, one can define the number of misses, c 'ie the number of alternations during which there is no pulse transmitted to the balance 10. It is implicit that N> n. An impulse is transmitted to the balance 10 every 2x (N / n) half-wave.

La figure 10 propose une variante de ce premier mode de réalisation, dans laquelle l'organe de blocage 16, plus particulièrement la pièce intermédiaire de type bascule, n'est pas maintenue élastiquement dans sa position d'attente, mais elle est ramenée dans cette position par l'action d'un bras supplémentaire 40, agencé pour coopérer avec une came de positionnement solidaire de la roue de déclenchement. L'homme du métier prévoit alors un angle de tirage entre la roue d'échappement et l'organe de blocage pour maintenir ce dernier contre la butée 20, sans perturber la rotation de la roue de déclenchement.The figure 10 proposes a variant of this first embodiment, in which the locking member 16, more particularly the intermediate part of the rocker type, is not resiliently held in its standby position, but it is brought back into this position by the action of an additional arm 40, arranged to cooperate with a positioning cam integral with the trigger wheel. Those skilled in the art then provide a pull angle between the escape wheel and the locking member to hold the latter against the stop 20, without disturbing the rotation of the trigger wheel.

Dans l'exemple proposé, c'est la came de déclenchement 24 qui joue également le rôle de came de positionnement, mais les deux fonctions pourraient être réalisées par deux cames distinctes, coaxiales et liées en rotation. Après le dégagement opéré par une première dent de la came d'actionnement, une autre dent coopère avec le bras supplémentaire 40 pour ramener la bascule dans sa position d'attente.In the example proposed, it is the trigger cam 24 which also plays the role of positioning cam, but the two functions could be made by two separate cams, coaxial and linked in rotation. After the release operated by a first tooth from the actuating cam, another tooth cooperates with the additional arm 40 to return the rocker to its standby position.

On pourrait également envisager un dispositif de sécurité qui limiterait les déplacements de l'organe de blocage 16 en cas de chocs, par exemple en ajoutant encore un bras à l'organe de blocage 16 ou un niveau additionnel sur le bras 40 pour coopérer avec une came additionnelle de sécurité, non représentée, située sur la roue de déclenchement.One could also envisage a safety device which would limit the movements of the blocking member 16 in the event of impacts, for example by adding another arm to the blocking member 16 or an additional level on the arm 40 to cooperate with a additional safety cam, not shown, located on the release wheel.

La figure 7 montre un deuxième mode de réalisation de l'invention, dans lequel l'organe de blocage 16 est disposé sur la roue de déclenchement 22. Plus particulièrement, l'organe de blocage 16 est formé d'un plot 34 monté en saillie sur la roue de déclenchement 22. Le plot 34 est agencé pour coopérer avec la roue d'échappement 12, plus particulièrement avec ses dents, afin de la bloquer en rotation.The figure 7 shows a second embodiment of the invention, in which the blocking member 16 is disposed on the trigger wheel 22. More particularly, the blocking member 16 is formed by a stud 34 projecting from the wheel trigger 22. The stud 34 is arranged to cooperate with the escape wheel 12, more particularly with its teeth, in order to block it in rotation.

De manière originale, la roue de déclenchement 22 est positionnée par un sautoir 28 coopérant avec une structure 36, dite structure de positionnement, que comporte la roue de déclenchement 22. Le sautoir 28 et la structure 36 sont configurés de manière à ce que le sautoir 28 ramène la roue de déclenchement 22 dans une position prédéfinie unique, après l'actionnement par le cliquet élastique 30, selon une rotation oscillatoire. En d'autre termes, le secteur angulaire selon lequel le sautoir 28 et la structure 36 de positionnement coopèrent, est plus grand que la course angulaire parcourue par la roue de déclenchement 22 lors de son actionnement par le cliquet 30.In an original manner, the trigger wheel 22 is positioned by a jumper 28 cooperating with a structure 36, called positioning structure, which comprises the trigger wheel 22. The jumper 28 and the structure 36 are configured so that the jumper 28 returns the trigger wheel 22 to a single predefined position, after actuation by the elastic pawl 30, according to an oscillatory rotation. In other words, the angular sector along which the jumper 28 and the positioning structure 36 cooperate is greater than the angular travel traveled by the trigger wheel 22 when it is actuated by the pawl 30.

Par ailleurs, la roue de déclenchement 22 comprend une, en l'occurrence, une unique dent 22a, destinée à coopérer avec le cliquet élastique 30 porté par le balancier 10. En l'espèce, la notion de dent englobe plus généralement une portion d'entraînement, susceptible de recevoir une action motrice du cliquet 30.Furthermore, the trigger wheel 22 comprises one, in this case, a single tooth 22a, intended to cooperate with the elastic pawl 30 carried by the pendulum 10. In the present case, the concept of tooth more generally includes a portion d drive, capable of receiving a driving action from the pawl 30.

Ainsi, lorsque le cliquet 30 entraîne la roue de déclenchement 22 en rotation dans le sens horaire (en référence à la figure 7), le sautoir 28 est toujours en coopération avec la structure 36 de positionnement lorsque le cliquet 30 échappe de la dent 22a de la roue de déclenchement 22. Le sautoir 28 exerce une force sur la structure 36 de positionnement qui a pour effet de ramener la roue de déclenchement 22 dans sa position initiale, en effectuant une rotation dans le sens antihoraire (toujours en référence à la figure 7). La mise en rotation de la roue de déclenchement 22 a été suffisante pour permettre au plot 34 de libérer la roue d'échappement 12. Le bras 12a qui vient d'être libéré peut alors transmettre une impulsion au balancier 10, par l'intermédiaire de la cheville 14.Thus, when the pawl 30 drives the trigger wheel 22 in clockwise rotation (with reference to the figure 7 ), the jumper 28 is always in cooperation with the positioning structure 36 when the pawl 30 escapes from the tooth 22a of the trigger wheel 22. The jumper 28 exerts a force on the positioning structure 36 which has the effect of returning the trigger wheel 22 to its initial position, by rotating it counterclockwise (always with reference to the figure 7 ). The rotation of the trigger wheel 22 was sufficient to allow the pad 34 to release the escape wheel 12. The arm 12a which has just been released can then transmit an impulse to the balance 10, via the ankle 14.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, on a un seul coup perdu, donc une impulsion par oscillation.In this embodiment, there is only one lost shot, therefore one pulse per oscillation.

Les figures 8 et 9 proposent un autre mode de réalisation, dérivant du mode de réalisation de la figure 7. L'organe de blocage 16 est toujours disposé sur la roue de déclenchement 22. L'organe de blocage 16 est cette fois formé par une pluralité de plots 34, montés en saillie et répartis sur la roue de déclenchement 22.The Figures 8 and 9 propose another embodiment, derived from the embodiment of the figure 7 . The blocking member 16 is always disposed on the trigger wheel 22. The blocking member 16 is this time formed by a plurality of studs 34, projecting and distributed over the trigger wheel 22.

Dans ce mode de réalisation, la roue de déclenchement 22 est agencée pour être entraînée en rotation dans un sens continu, comme dans le premier mode de réalisation. Elle comporte donc une denture ou une série de portions d'entraînement, sur toute sa périphérie. Le sautoir 28 assure le positionnement de la roue de déclenchement 22 à chaque pas.In this embodiment, the trigger wheel 22 is arranged to be rotated in a continuous direction, as in the first embodiment. It therefore has a toothing or a series of drive portions, over its entire periphery. The jumper 28 ensures the positioning of the trigger wheel 22 at each step.

A la figure 8, on a un plot 34 par dent de la roue de déclenchement 22, ce qui permet d'obtenir un coup perdu par oscillation.To the figure 8 , there is a stud 34 per tooth of the trigger wheel 22, which makes it possible to obtain a lost blow by oscillation.

A la figure 9, chaque plot 34 s'étend en regard d'une pluralité de dents de la roue de déclenchement, de préférence en formant un arc de cercle, avantageusement positionné dans une zone périphérique de la roue de déclenchement 22. Le nombre de plots 34 est réduit par rapport à la figure 8 et le secteur angulaire couvert par ceux-ci est augmenté. L'homme du métier peut ajuster le rapport entre le nombre N de dents de la roue de déclenchement 22 et le nombre k de plots 34. k est un entier ≥ 1 et inférieur à N/2.To the figure 9 , each pad 34 extends opposite a plurality of teeth of the trigger wheel, preferably by forming an arc of a circle, advantageously positioned in a peripheral zone of the trigger wheel 22. The number of pads 34 is reduced compared to the figure 8 and the angular sector covered by them is increased. A person skilled in the art can adjust the ratio between the number N of teeth of the trigger wheel 22 and the number k of studs 34. k is an integer ≥ 1 and less than N / 2.

On relèvera que l'homme du métier peut également adapter le pas de la denture de la roue de déclenchement 22, particulièrement au niveau des intervalles séparant deux plots 34 consécutifs, c'est-à-dire dans les zones correspondant au dégagement de la roue d'échappement 12, par exemple pour avoir un pas plus grand lors de ce dégagement et faciliter le passage du bras 12a de la roue d'échappement 12 entre les plots 34.It will be noted that a person skilled in the art can also adapt the pitch of the teeth of the trigger wheel 22, particularly at the level of the intervals separating two consecutive studs 34, that is to say in the zones corresponding to the release of the escape wheel 12, for example to have a greater pitch during this release and to facilitate the passage of the arm 12a of the wheel exhaust 12 between the studs 34.

Ainsi est proposé un mécanisme d'échappement innovant, notamment en ce qu'il met en œuvre une roue de déclenchement 22, mobile en rotation soit dans une direction continue, soit selon une rotation oscillatoire. De plus, il est possible de programmer le nombre de coups perdus et donc d'optimiser le rendement de l'échappement. En fonction du nombre de coups perdus, ce mécanisme d'échappement peut être utilisé avec tout type d'oscillateur. Il est cependant particulièrement avantageux pour être utilisé avec un oscillateur à haut facteur qualité, comprenant un pivot tel que proposé dans le document PCT/EP2015/065884 , déposé au nom de la demanderesse.Thus is proposed an innovative escape mechanism, in particular in that it implements a trigger wheel 22, movable in rotation either in a continuous direction, or in an oscillatory rotation. In addition, it is possible to program the number of misses and therefore optimize the efficiency of the exhaust. Depending on the number of blows lost, this escape mechanism can be used with any type of oscillator. It is however particularly advantageous to be used with a high quality factor oscillator, comprising a pivot as proposed in the document. PCT / EP2015 / 065884 , filed in the name of the plaintiff.

Plus particulièrement, un tel pivot de garde-temps relie de façon pivotante autour d'un axe de pivot une première pièce avec une deuxième pièce. Le pivot comporte une lame munie d'un fil, solidaire de l'une des première ou deuxième pièces et parallèle à l'axe du pivot, et une zone d'appui solidaire de l'autre des première et deuxième pièces et contre laquelle le fil de la lame est en appui, les points de contact de la lame et de la zone d'appui étant sensiblement situés sur l'axe du pivot. Le pivot comporte des moyens agencés pour maintenir la lame en appui contre la zone d'appui. Le plan médian de la lame passant par le fil définit un plan de lame. En mode de fonctionnement normal, lesdits moyens sont agencés de manière à ce que les première et deuxième pièces ne sont pas libres de translater l'une en référence à l'autre selon la direction orthogonale à l'axe du pivot contenue dans le plan de lame.More particularly, such a timepiece pivot pivotally connects around a pivot axis a first part with a second part. The pivot comprises a blade provided with a wire, integral with one of the first or second parts and parallel to the axis of the pivot, and a support zone integral with the other of the first and second parts and against which the blade wire is in support, the contact points of the blade and the support area being substantially located on the axis of the pivot. The pivot comprises means arranged to keep the blade in abutment against the support zone. The median plane of the blade passing through the wire defines a blade plane. In normal operating mode, said means are arranged so that the first and second parts are not free to translate one with reference to the other in the direction orthogonal to the axis of the pivot contained in the plane of blade.

Claims (13)

  1. Lost-shot escapement mechanism comprising:
    - an escapement wheel (12) for receiving power from a power source to rotate it, and for directly supplying a fragment of power to a balance wheel (10),
    - a locking member (16) for cooperating with the escapement wheel (12) to block its rotation,
    - a rotatably mounted release wheel (22) arranged to cooperate directly or indirectly with the escapement wheel (12),
    - a drive system to be mounted on the balance wheel (10),
    characterised in that the drive system is a unidirectional system, said mechanism being arranged so that the unidirectional drive system actuates once by oscillation the release wheel (22) to drive it in rotation, periodically releasing the escapement wheel (12) to give an impulse to the balance wheel (10).
  2. Escapement mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the unidirectional drive system is a ratchet system.
  3. Escapement mechanism according to one of claims 1 and 2, characterized in that the locking member (16) is an intermediate part comprising a resting paddle (18) for blocking the rotation of the escapement wheel (12).
  4. Escapement mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the intermediate part is a rocker held elastically in a standby position, against a stop (20).
  5. Escapement mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that the intermediate part is a rocker comprising an additional arm (40) arranged to cooperate with a positioning cam integral with the release wheel, to return said rocker to a standby position, against a stop (20).
  6. Escapement mechanism according to one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that the release wheel (22) is mounted coaxially and rotationally fixed to a release cam (24) intended to cooperate periodically with the intermediate part.
  7. Escapement mechanism according to claim 6, wherein the release wheel (22) comprises N teeth and the release cam (24) n release members, characterised in that the escapement is arranged to provide an impulse to the balance wheel (10) every 2x(N/n) alternations.
  8. Escapement mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that the locking member (16) is arranged on the release wheel (22).
  9. Escapement mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that the locking member (16) is formed by a block (34) protruding on the release wheel (22).
  10. Escapement mechanism according to claim 9, characterized in that the release wheel (22) is positioned by a jumper (28) cooperating with a structure (36) on the release wheel (22), the jumper (28) and the structure (36) being configured in such a way that the jumper (28) returns the release wheel (22) to a single predefined position, after actuation by the spring catch (30), in an oscillating rotation.
  11. Escapement mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that the locking member (16) is formed by a plurality of blocks (34) protruding and distributed on the release wheel (22).
  12. Escapement mechanism according to claim 11, characterized in that it comprises N/k blocks (34) where N is the number of teeth of the release wheel (22) and where k is an integer ≥ 1 and less than N/2.
  13. Escapement mechanism according to claim 12, characterized in that the release wheel (22) is positioned by a jumper (28) cooperating with a structure (36) on the release wheel (22), the jumper (28) and the structure (36) being configured in such a way that the jumper (28) places the release wheel (22) at each step generated by the actuation from the spring catch (30).
EP16805457.5A 2016-01-21 2016-12-02 Coup perdu escapement mechanism Active EP3405839B1 (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
CH00082/16A CH712052A1 (en) 2016-01-21 2016-01-21 Escape mechanism with lost strokes.
PCT/EP2016/079688 WO2017125194A1 (en) 2016-01-21 2016-12-02 Coup perdu escapement mechanism

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3405839A1 EP3405839A1 (en) 2018-11-28
EP3405839B1 true EP3405839B1 (en) 2020-06-17

Family

ID=55963102

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
EP16805457.5A Active EP3405839B1 (en) 2016-01-21 2016-12-02 Coup perdu escapement mechanism

Country Status (3)

Country Link
EP (1) EP3405839B1 (en)
CH (1) CH712052A1 (en)
WO (1) WO2017125194A1 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CH715023A1 (en) 2018-05-25 2019-11-29 Sa De La Manufacture Dhorlogerie Audemars Piguet & Cie Self-starting and secure trigger escapement for timepiece
EP3818417A2 (en) * 2018-07-02 2021-05-12 CompliTime SA Timepiece escapement mechanism
EP4250019A1 (en) * 2022-03-21 2023-09-27 Patek Philippe SA Genève Timepiece oscillator for extra-flat movement

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
ATE487963T1 (en) * 2003-12-04 2010-11-15 Montres Breguet Sa CHRONOMETER ESCAPEMENT FOR WATCHES
EP1770452A1 (en) * 2005-09-30 2007-04-04 Peter Baumberger Detent escapement for timepieces
EP1983388B1 (en) * 2007-04-18 2010-01-20 ETA SA Manufacture Horlogère Suisse Direct-pulse escapement for timepiece
EP2199875B1 (en) * 2008-12-16 2014-09-24 Rolex Sa Detent escapement
CH700091A8 (en) * 2009-01-15 2010-08-31 Christophe Claret S A EXHAUST WITH RELAXATION.

Non-Patent Citations (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Title
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Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
EP3405839A1 (en) 2018-11-28
WO2017125194A1 (en) 2017-07-27
CH712052A1 (en) 2017-07-31

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