EP3401117B1 - Sicherheitselement sowie wertdokument mit einem solchen sicherheitselement - Google Patents

Sicherheitselement sowie wertdokument mit einem solchen sicherheitselement Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3401117B1
EP3401117B1 EP18000487.1A EP18000487A EP3401117B1 EP 3401117 B1 EP3401117 B1 EP 3401117B1 EP 18000487 A EP18000487 A EP 18000487A EP 3401117 B1 EP3401117 B1 EP 3401117B1
Authority
EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
micro
security element
motif
element according
arrangement
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Active
Application number
EP18000487.1A
Other languages
German (de)
English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3401117A1 (de
Inventor
Christian Fuhse
Michael Rahm
Andreas Rauch
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
Original Assignee
Giesecke and Devrient Currency Technology GmbH
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Publication of EP3401117A1 publication Critical patent/EP3401117A1/de
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D15/00—Printed matter of special format or style not otherwise provided for
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/324—Reliefs
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/328—Diffraction gratings; Holograms
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/342—Moiré effects
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/351—Translucent or partly translucent parts, e.g. windows
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/355—Security threads
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/30—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery
    • B42D25/36—Identification or security features, e.g. for preventing forgery comprising special materials
    • B42D25/373—Metallic materials
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B42—BOOKBINDING; ALBUMS; FILES; SPECIAL PRINTED MATTER
    • B42D—BOOKS; BOOK COVERS; LOOSE LEAVES; PRINTED MATTER CHARACTERISED BY IDENTIFICATION OR SECURITY FEATURES; PRINTED MATTER OF SPECIAL FORMAT OR STYLE NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; DEVICES FOR USE THEREWITH AND NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; MOVABLE-STRIP WRITING OR READING APPARATUS
    • B42D25/00—Information-bearing cards or sheet-like structures characterised by identification or security features; Manufacture thereof
    • B42D25/40—Manufacture
    • B42D25/45—Associating two or more layers
    • B42D2035/44—
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B44—DECORATIVE ARTS
    • B44F—SPECIAL DESIGNS OR PICTURES
    • B44F7/00—Designs imitating three-dimensional effects

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to a security element for a security paper, security document or the like, as well as a security document with such a security element.
  • Objects to be protected are often equipped with a security element that allows the authenticity of the object to be checked and immediately serves as protection against unauthorized reproduction.
  • Objects to be protected are, for example, security papers, ID and value documents (such as banknotes, chip cards, passports, identification cards, ID cards, shares, attachments, certificates, vouchers, checks, entrance tickets, credit cards, health cards, etc.) and product security elements (such as labels, Seals, packaging, etc.).
  • ID and value documents such as banknotes, chip cards, passports, identification cards, ID cards, shares, attachments, certificates, vouchers, checks, entrance tickets, credit cards, health cards, etc.
  • product security elements such as labels, Seals, packaging, etc.
  • Security elements which have a micro-optical display arrangement in the form of a moiré magnification arrangement, such as that shown in FIG WO 2007/076952 A2 is described, or in the form of a modulo magnification arrangement, such as that in the WO 2009/000528 A1 is described to have a three-dimensional image impression that is memorable.
  • a security element is difficult to imitate, since the micro-optical structure is difficult to copy or replicate.
  • counterfeiters since counterfeiters always work to counterfeit known security elements, there is a need for security elements with increased counterfeit security.
  • WO 2010/034420 A1 discloses the preamble of claim 1.
  • the present invention is based on the object of providing a security element for a security paper, security document or the like, which is more difficult to copy or reproduce.
  • the object is achieved by a security element for security paper, value document or the like, with a carrier which has a motif area which provides a visually perceptible motif with a first and a second motif part, the motif area being a first micro-optical display arrangement which is the first Subject part presents at least two different images depending on the viewing angle, and includes a second micro-optical display arrangement which, as the second subject part, presents a reflective surface which appears curved in relation to the actual macroscopic spatial shape of the second micro-optical display arrangement.
  • the motif area has the first and second motif parts, which comprise different micro-optical display arrangements, which as a rule place significantly different demands on their manufacturing processes, in particular origination. This means that a counterfeiter has to master both manufacturing processes, which increases the security against counterfeiting.
  • the security element according to the invention has a very high optical attractiveness and thus a particularly high recognition value.
  • the security elements are, for example, a security element for a banknote
  • the user will preferably check the authenticity of the banknote on the basis of this attractive security element.
  • the requirements for a counterfeiter are increased, since he is both micro-optical Representation arrangements must copy or copy in high quality, which is very expensive to produce a fake that is not recognized as such by the user.
  • the two motif parts are arranged (spatially) coherently, so that the images presented by the two micro-optical display arrangements can be perceived by the user as a single motif.
  • the coherent arrangement means that the distance between the two motif parts is preferably less than 1 mm and particularly preferably less than 0.2 mm. Furthermore, both motif parts can directly adjoin each other.
  • the security element can preferably be designed such that one of the two motif parts at least partially surrounds the other of the two motif parts.
  • the surrounding motif part can completely surround the other motif part in the manner of a frame.
  • the two motif parts overlap at least partially and / or are at least partially nested in one another.
  • a framing or the arrangement of the first and second motif parts at very short intervals increases the security against forgery especially when the two micro-optical representations have to be produced with different origination processes and / or cannot be embossed at the same time.
  • a counterfeiter then not only has to master two origination and / or embossing processes, but must also position the motifs produced with them in exact register with one another. In particular, nested motif parts are extremely difficult to forge.
  • the security element according to the invention can advantageously be designed such that, depending on the viewing and / or lighting situation, the display of one of the micro-optical display arrangements dominates, while the displays of the first or second micro-optical display arrangement in a different viewing or lighting situation become an overall motif complete.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement provides a display that is independent of the illumination direction at a constant viewing angle, while the display of the second micro-optical display arrangement varies depending on the illumination direction.
  • the security element can also be designed such that one of the two micro-optical display arrangements represents a background against which the other of the two micro-optical display arrangements shows an object, so that overall a three-dimensional overall view can be perceived as a motif.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement can present the at least two different images depending on the viewing angle in such a way that the images overlap at least in regions and / or are nested within one another.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement can particularly advantageously present two different views of the same object as the at least two different images.
  • the at least two different images are presented in such a way that a viewer is given a stereographic representation of an object with absolute depth information.
  • the object is thus apparently positioned in front of or behind the carrier, the apparent distance from the carrier and thus the depth information being determined by the design of the first micro-optical display arrangement.
  • more than two different images of the same object can be presented by means of the first micro-optical display arrangement in such a way that parallax results. It can thus be achieved that when the viewing angle changes, image components of the first motif part in the foreground move relative to image components of the first motif part in the background. This can even cause you to quasi can look behind an object shown in the foreground of the first part of the motif.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement can have a hologram.
  • the hologram can be an embossed hologram, for example. In particular, it can be a volume hologram. Furthermore, the hologram can be a directly exposed hologram or a computer-generated stereogram.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement can comprise microstructures and micro-imaging elements in order to image the microstructures in an enlarged manner.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement can be designed as a microlens tilt image, as a moiré magnification arrangement or as a modulo magnification arrangement.
  • the micro-imaging elements can be designed as focusing elements. They can be designed as one-dimensional focusing elements (for example cylindrical lenses or corresponding micro-concave mirrors) or as two-dimensional focusing elements (for example spherical or aspherical lenses or corresponding micro-concave mirrors). It is also possible for the micro-imaging elements to be designed as a grid of holes.
  • microstructures and / or the micro-imaging elements can be arranged in a one- or two-dimensional grid, the grid width preferably being less than 300 ⁇ m, in particular less than 100 ⁇ m and particularly preferably less than 40 ⁇ m.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement can use the at least two different images to present a tilt image with at least two different views of the same object.
  • the different views can show the same object in such a way that a stereographic depth impression results.
  • the different views can also have a parallax that differs slightly from the parallax required for absolute depth information, so that in addition to a three-dimensional impression, a movement of the displayed object when the viewing angle changes is also presented to the viewer.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement can therefore also be designed in such a way that it provides a viewing-angle-dependent movement effect, which can be effected with or without absolute depth information relative to the carrier.
  • orthoparallactic representations are possible.
  • the second micro-optical display arrangement is designed in particular in such a way that the arched reflective surface presents a relief-like impression. This impression is in particular such that the same relief-like impression is always conveyed regardless of the viewing angle.
  • the viewer has the impression of being on a curved, reflective surface to look, although the macroscopic spatial shape of the second micro-optical display arrangement is usually flat.
  • the second micro-optical display arrangement advantageously has embossed microscopic structures which are provided with a reflection-increasing coating.
  • the second micro-optical display arrangement can have a multiplicity of reflective facets with varying orientations.
  • the orientations are preferably selected such that the curved surface is imitated or reproduced for an observer on the basis of the directions of reflection thereby predetermined.
  • Reflective facets are understood here not only to be facets that have a degree of reflection of almost 100%, but also to be facets that are semitransparent (e.g. with a very thin or screened metal layer) or even largely transparent (e.g. with a high-index dielectric coating) are formed. If the facets form the interface between layers with different refractive indices, the recreated curved surface can also be made visible through refraction.
  • the facets can, for example, be embossed in a highly refractive embossing lacquer and embedded in a low refractive protective lacquer. It is further preferred that the facets have a maximum size that is below the resolution of an observer (without optical aids).
  • the lateral dimensions are preferably less than 300 ⁇ m, in particular less than 100 ⁇ m and particularly preferably less than 20 ⁇ m.
  • the facet height is preferably less than 20 ⁇ m, in particular less than 10 ⁇ m and particularly preferably not greater than 5 ⁇ m.
  • the second micro-optical display arrangement can have a reflective Fresnel structure with a varying grating period. Furthermore, the second micro-optical display arrangement can have asymmetrical diffraction structures or matt structure grating images.
  • the formation with a large number of reflective facets can in particular be achieved by means of a sawtooth-like formation of a surface e.g. an embossing lacquer layer and a corresponding mirror coating.
  • the width of such saw teeth is preferably less than 300 ⁇ m, in particular less than 100 ⁇ m and particularly preferably less than about 20 ⁇ m.
  • the height of the saw teeth is preferably less than 20 ⁇ m, in particular less than 10 ⁇ m and particularly preferably not greater than 5 ⁇ m.
  • the visually perceptible motif can have only the first and second motif parts.
  • the visually perceptible motif can have more than two motif parts, for example three, four, etc.
  • corresponding micro-optical display arrangements are present in the further motif parts, with which a three-dimensional representation with absolute depth information , a reflective surface that appears arched in relation to the actually macroscopic spatial shape, or a movement, tilting and / or alternating effect that is dependent on the viewing angle is provided with or without a three-dimensional effect.
  • the carrier can have a film and at least parts of the two micro-optical display arrangements can be realized using the same film.
  • the security element can be designed as a multilayer composite.
  • the security element can in particular have a first and a second embossing lacquer layer, between which a carrier layer is preferably arranged.
  • the first and second embossing lacquer layers and the carrier layer that may be provided can form the carrier of the security element.
  • micro-imaging elements of the first micro-optical display arrangement and microscopic structures, for example sawtooth structures or Fresnel structures, of the second micro-optical display arrangement are embossed in the first embossing lacquer layer, the microscopic structures being provided with a reflection-increasing coating.
  • Microstructures of the first micro-optical display arrangement are embossed in the second embossing lacquer layer and are imaged enlarged by means of the micro-imaging optics in order to present at least two different images depending on the viewing angle.
  • the micro-imaging elements can be refractive or reflective elements. If reflective elements are involved, they are also preferably provided with a reflection-increasing coating. The coating is preferably applied in one step for the micro-imaging elements and the microscopic structures.
  • the microscopic structures of the second micro-optical display arrangement not in the first embossing lacquer layer but in the second embossing lacquer layer (including the reflection-increasing coating).
  • a third embossing lacquer layer can be provided, in which the microscopic structures are embossed and provided with the corresponding reflection-increasing coating.
  • the third embossing lacquer layer can be connected to the second embossing lacquer layer via a second carrier layer.
  • microstructures to be imaged can be shaped not only in the area of the first motif part, but also in the area of the second motif part. This simplifies production and leads to other interesting optical effects that are difficult to imitate.
  • the multi-layer composite of the security element preferably has a total thickness of less than 500 ⁇ m, in particular less than about 100 ⁇ m and particularly preferably less than 50 ⁇ m.
  • the invention also includes a document of value with a security element of the type just mentioned, including its further developments.
  • the security element can in particular be designed as a security thread, tear thread, security tape, security strip, patch or as a label for application to security paper, value document or the like.
  • the security element can span transparent or at least translucent areas or recesses.
  • security paper is understood here in particular to mean the preliminary stage to a value document which is not yet fit for circulation and which, in addition to the security element according to the invention, can also have further authenticity features.
  • value documents are understood to mean documents produced from security papers.
  • you can Documents of value can also be other documents and objects which can be provided with the security element according to the invention, so that the documents of value have authenticity features which cannot be copied, whereby authenticity checking is possible and at the same time undesired copying is prevented.
  • the security element 1 according to the invention is integrated in a bank note 2 in such a way that the security element 1 is of Figure 1 shown front of the banknote 2 is visible.
  • the security element 1 is designed as a reflective security element 1 with a rectangular motif area 3, which is divided into a first motif part 4 and a second motif part 5.
  • the first motif part 4 surrounds the second motif part 5, such as the enlarged illustration in FIG Figure 2 can be seen.
  • the motif area 3 has a carrier film 6 (which can be a PET film, for example) and an upper and lower embossing lacquer layer 7, 8.
  • a carrier film 6 which can be a PET film, for example
  • embossing lacquer layer 7 In the lower embossing lacquer layer 8 there are microstructures 9, which can in particular be filled with color, in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the drawing Figure 3 arranged in a grid with a fixed geometry (here, for example, a hexagonal grid) and thus flat in a first microstructure pattern.
  • the microstructures 9 can also be realized in a different way on the carrier film 6.
  • printed microstructures are also conceivable.
  • microstructures 9, as in the WO2009 / 083151 A1 specified also be formed by metallized sub-wavelength structures, in particular sub-wavelength gratings or moth eye structures, or are generated by transfer of metallic structures, as is the case, for example, in the German patent application DE 102010019766.1 is described.
  • the upper embossing lacquer layer 7 is designed such that it has a multiplicity of microlenses 10 in the first motif part 4.
  • the microlenses 10 are in a plane perpendicular to the plane of the drawing Figure 3 in a grid with fixed geometry (here, for example, a hexagonal grid) and thus flat in arranged in a first pattern, the first pattern in the exemplary embodiment being adapted to the first microstructure pattern and the two patterns being aligned with one another such that when the security element 1 is viewed, the microlenses 10 together with the microstructures 9 form a moiré magnification arrangement.
  • the basic principle of a moiré magnification arrangement is, for example, in US Pat WO 2007/076952 A2 described.
  • the moiré magnification arrangement in the area of the first motif part 4 forms a first micro-optical display arrangement 11, with which, as will be described in more detail below, the number 105 is repeatedly displayed to the viewer in such a way that it appears behind the level of the banknote 2.
  • the object is drawn as a point to simplify the illustration, the right eye RA of the user seeing the object at position 12 and the left eye LA of the user seeing the object at position 13.
  • the viewer thus sees the object with his two eyes under the different directions 14, 15 which intersect at position 16, so that the viewer sees the object at position 16 and therefore at a distance d1 behind the banknote 2.
  • there is absolute depth information for the object for the viewer, there is absolute depth information for the object.
  • a second micro-optical display arrangement 17 is formed, which in the exemplary embodiment has a multiplicity of mirrored facets 18 in the upper embossing lacquer layer 7.
  • the embossing lacquer layer can also contain other embossed structures, in particular reflective Fresnel structures with a varying grating period, asymmetrical diffraction structures or domed matt structure grating images.
  • the viewer is presented with a reflective surface which appears curved in relation to the actual macroscopic spatial shape of the second micro-optical display arrangement 17.
  • incident light is reflected on the facets 18 in the same directions in which a curved surface 19 would reflect the light.
  • the incident light beam 20 is thus reflected in the direction 21, which is parallel to the direction 21 ′, which would correspond to the direction when reflected on the surface 19.
  • These directions 23 and 25 are parallel to the directions 23 'and 25', which would be the directions of reflection when reflected on the surface 19.
  • the facets 18 are dimensioned such that an observer cannot resolve them without aids.
  • the facets 18 can have dimensions of, for example, 15 ⁇ m and a height of, for example, 5 ⁇ m in the direction perpendicular to the plane of the drawing.
  • the reflection behavior of the second micro-optical display arrangement 17 an observer concludes that the curved surface 19 with the depth d2 is present in the second motif part 5.
  • the reflection behavior suggests that the local surface normal points in the direction 26, which is significantly different from the macroscopic one Surface normals (arrow 27) of the second micro-optical display arrangement 17 in this area.
  • a curvature is thus imitated by directional reflection, which only indirectly gives a deep impression or a 3D impression. This impression can therefore also be called a "21 ⁇ 2" -dimensional representation or relief-like representation.
  • no parallax is generated by means of the second micro-optical display arrangement 17, so that the impression of depth is essentially based on the experience of the viewer, who implicitly requires further information. If a viewer appears to have a surface curved forward, the viewer concludes that the central area of the curved surface must be further forward from his perspective than the edge area.
  • a head of a woman is represented by means of the second micro-optical display arrangement 17.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement 11 thus provides different images depending on the viewing angle, while the representation of the second micro-optical display arrangement 17 does not depend on the viewing angle with regard to its spatial effect.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement 11 provides more than two different views of the numbers 105 in such a way that the movement of the numbers 105 described relative to the woman's portrait results when the viewing direction changes. There is therefore parallax.
  • FIGs 7A, 7B and 7C The security element 1 according to the invention is shown in the same direction from the front, but the position of the light source and thus the direction of illumination varies.
  • the security element 1 is illuminated from the left.
  • Figure 7B the security element 1 is illuminated from the front and in Figure 7C the security element 1 is illuminated from the right.
  • the woman's portrait and thus the second motif part 5 reflects the light in accordance with the curvature of the head that is being readjusted.
  • the positions of the numbers 105 lying in the depth (arrow P1) do not change, however, since the viewing direction and thus the viewing angle have not been changed.
  • the position of the light source will be fixed and an observer deduces from the position of the light reflections and their movement when the security element is tilted to the shape of the adjoining curvature.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement 11 thus provides a display that is independent of the direction of illumination with a constant viewing angle, while the display of FIG second micro-optical display arrangement 17 varies according to the imitated reflective and relief-like design of the female portrait.
  • an absolute depth effect is thus achieved by means of the moiré magnification arrangement 11, in which the periodically recurring number 105 lying in the depth d1 is shown to the viewer.
  • the microstructures 9 can preferably be filled with color so that the numbers 105 on the one hand and the remaining area of the first motif part 4 on the other hand appear matt, but of different colors.
  • the second motif part 5 In front of this first motif part 4 is the second motif part 5, in which the arched and shiny metallic portrait of a woman is shown via an arrangement of metallized microscopic sawtooth gratings.
  • the first micro-optical magnification arrangement 11 can be designed not only as a moiré magnification arrangement, but also, for example, as a modulo magnification arrangement, as is shown, for example, in FIG WO 2009/000528 A1 is described.
  • the image to be displayed does not necessarily have to be composed of a grid of periodically repeating individual motifs with a modulo magnification arrangement.
  • a complex single image can be displayed with high resolution.
  • the image to be displayed generally consists of individual motifs (here microstructures 9), which are arranged periodically in a grid and which are enlarged by the lenses 10, the area assigned to each individual motif being at most approximately the area of the corresponding lens cell corresponds.
  • the microlenses 10 and the sawtooth structure for the reflective facets can be produced simultaneously next to one another by means of only one embossing of the embossing layer 7. Then only the facets have to be metallized so that they have a reflective effect.
  • the structure according to Figure 3 is therefore quick to manufacture.
  • Fresnel structures or relief adjustments by diffractive structures or matt structure grating images can also be used in the second micro-optical display arrangement 17.
  • FIG 8 A modification of the security element 1 according to the invention is shown, in which the first micro-optical display arrangement 11 instead of the microlenses 10 has concave mirrors 28, which are formed by embossing the lower embossing lacquer layer 8 and applying a reflective coating.
  • the second micro-optical display arrangement 17 designed as facets 18 in the exemplary embodiment is also formed on the lower embossing lacquer layer 8.
  • the facets 18 can be formed in the same way as the micro concave mirror 28 by embossing and mirroring.
  • the microstructures 9 can be provided not only in the area of the first motif part 4, but also in the area of the second motif part 5 and thus above the facets 18. This facilitates the production of the security element 1.
  • FIG. 9 A structure of the security element 1 is shown, in which the micro-concave mirror 28, the microstructures 9 and the facets 18 are each embossed in their own embossing lacquer layer 8, 7 and 29.
  • a first carrier film 6 is provided between the embossing lacquer layers 8 and 7 and a second carrier film 30 is provided between the embossing lacquer layers 7 and 29.
  • micro-concave mirrors 28 can be the same even with different designs, since only a homogeneous surface covered with micro-concave mirrors 28 is required. Once you have made an original with very good imaging properties, you can use it for the production of many different security elements 1.
  • embossing tool for embossing the micro-concave mirror 28 can be used for the production of corresponding security elements with different motifs in the first and second micro-optical display arrangements 11, 17, so that this also only has to be produced once.
  • the concave micromirror 28 and the facets 18 can be metallized differently, for example with different metals or coatings with color-shifting effects (for example thin-film systems in which the color varies as a function of the viewing angle).
  • a particular advantage of building out Figure 8 lies in the fact that both the micro concave mirror 28 and the facets 18 are mirrored, while for example in the case of the Figure 9 shown construction a demetalization in areas in the areas adjacent to the second micro-optical display arrangement 17 is necessary. The sharpness of the border between the two motif parts 4, 5 is then given by the corresponding tolerances of the demetalization.
  • This limitation lies with the construction according to Figure 8 not before, so that the curved surface in the second motif part 5 with a particularly filigree outline can appear in the first motif part 4 against the background of the moiré or modulo magnification arrangement.
  • a further protective lacquer layer (not shown) can advantageously also be provided on the top and / or bottom of the security element 1, so that the resistance and the protection from impressions by counterfeiters can be increased.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement 11 can also have only one hole pattern 31 instead of a microfocusing element pattern (pattern made from microlenses 10 or pattern made from hollow micro mirrors 28), as in FIG Figure 10 is shown.
  • a hole pattern 31 can be implemented, for example, by periodically arranged holes or slots in an opaque, for example reflective, metallized layer.
  • the holes can be small cutouts.
  • the holes can be referred to as positive holes.
  • So-called negative holes can also be provided, in which the holes are small, non-transparent or non-reflecting areas.
  • the hole pattern also extends into the second motif area 5, so that the representations are superimposed in the second motif area.
  • the security element can also be designed such that there is no hole pattern in the second motif area 5.
  • both the first micro-optical display arrangement 11 and the second micro-optical display arrangement 17 can be implemented by means of diffractive structures.
  • a hologram with a stereographic 3D representation can be provided in the first motif part 4, which hologram is made up of microscopic sinus grids.
  • asymmetrical diffraction gratings are preferably arranged in such a way that the reflection behavior of a curved surface is (if possible) simulated achromatically, as is the case, for example, in FIG WO 2006/013215 A1 is described.
  • the two motif parts 4 and 5 can at least partially overlap. Alternatively or additionally, the two motif parts 4 and 5 can also be nested in one another in regions.
  • the surfaces of the two motif parts 4, 5 can be broken down into complementary surface elements, for example, and then combined into an overall motif. Each motif part loses part of its image information, which is replaced in the affected surface elements by the image information of the other surface element. If the dimensions of the surface elements are below the resolution of the eye, the viewer perceives the individual impressions of the two motif parts simultaneously and processes them into an overall motif.
  • the area proportions of the area elements originating from both motif parts can be distributed locally and / or globally in the same or different ways.
  • the motif part with the larger proportion of the area can visually dominate the motif part with the smaller proportion.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement 11 is designed as a moiré magnification arrangement with microlenses 10 and the second micro-optical display arrangement 17 has the reflective facets 18, e.g. in the nested area, every second micro lens 10 of the first micro-optical display arrangement 11 is replaced by one or more reflective facets 18 of the second micro-optical display arrangement 17.
  • the motif area 3 of the security element 1 can be divided, for example, into small tiles or thin strips, each of which is occupied by elements of the first or second micro-optical display arrangement 11, 17.
  • This results in an interesting effect since the representation of the second motif part 5 is no longer purely metallic reflective, but partly transparent, so that an image of the first motif part 4, for example lying in the depth, can be seen through the second micro-optical representation arrangement 17.
  • the object displayed by means of the first micro-optical display arrangement 11 can also appear to lie or float in front of the surface of the second micro-optical display arrangement 17 that appears to be curved.
  • first and second micro-optical display arrangements 11, 17 it is possible to change continuously from a shiny metallic, opaque curvature to an increasingly transparent and ultimately more glass-like display.
  • the first and / or second micro-optical display arrangement (s) 11, 17 can be provided in whole or in part with a color-shifting coating, in particular a thin film system with a reflector / dielectric / absorber. This can further increase the visual appeal and further increase the security against counterfeiting.
  • the security element 1 according to the invention can be arranged on the banknote 2 in such a way that it is not only of the type shown in FIG Figure 1 shown front, but is also visible from the back of the banknote. However, not all bulge or depth effects generated must be visible from both sides.
  • the security element 1 has in the first motif part 4 a first micro-optical display arrangement 11 according to Figure 8 which here periodically repeats the number 105 in depth.
  • a vaulted representation of a portrait is visible, the representation from both sides (ie also from the back according to Figure 12 ) appears arched. This can be done for example by means of facets 18 Figure 8 be realized. From the back, however, the viewer looks in the area of the first motif part 4 onto the back of the micro-concave mirror 28 of the first micro-optical display arrangement 11, so that he can only perceive a matt, metallized area there (in FIG Figure 12 the numbers 105 are therefore not shown in the first motif part 4).
  • a further curved representation (here the number 1452) can be used, for example, in a second motif area 32 adjoining the motif area 3, using reflective facets in the same way as in FIG Figure 8 be realized.
  • the second motif area 32 and thus the number 1452 is only visible from the back (the number would appear reversed from the front).
  • This can be achieved in particular in that the security element 1 is arranged in a window area of the banknote which is only as large as the motif area 3, so that the second motif area 32 is covered and can therefore only be seen from the rear.
  • first and second motif areas 3 and 32 can be deliberately covered with a color-shifting thin film system.
  • the second motif part 5 and the motif area 32 on the back ( Figure 12 ) be coated with a color-shifting thin film system, so that these elements then appear in the first motif area 4 with a changing color in front of the metallic matt and colorless background of the micro concave mirror backs.
  • the security element 1 according to the invention can be developed in such a way that both the bulging and the depth effect can be seen from both sides of the security element 1.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement 11 in the first motif part 4 was designed such that a stereographic display with depth information is achieved.
  • This is understood to mean representations in which a three-dimensional Effect is generated in that the security element 1 provides the left and right eyes of the viewer with different views of an object, each of which shows the object viewed from the corresponding direction. From these different views, absolute depth information is then obtained for an observer, which results in an overall three-dimensional impression.
  • the representations used in this class can often have more than just two different views, which usually results in parallax (ie when rotating or tilting east-west, the image components in the foreground move relative to the image components in the background). Under certain circumstances, for example, you can look behind an object in the foreground by rotating it.
  • holograms for example directly exposed holograms or computer-generated stereograms.
  • microlens tilt images and moiré magnification arrangements with a depth effect and / or movement effect as described, for example, in WO 2007/076952 A2 or WO2009 / 000527 A1 is described.
  • a curvature is imitated by directional reflection, from which a depth effect or a three-dimensional effect results only indirectly.
  • This type of display shows no parallax, so that a display in front of or behind a reference plane is simply not possible.
  • reflective Fresnel structures e.g. EP 1570 422 B1 , EP 1 562758 B1
  • diffractive achromatic elements with a bulging effect e.g. WO 2006/013215 A1
  • arched matt structure lattice pictures e.g.
  • WO2010 / 034420A1 or in particular also appear relief-like security elements based on micro-optical sawtooth gratings, such as those associated with Figure 5 are described for example in the present application. All of these configurations have in common that an at least partially mirrored surface that is practically flat on a larger length scale violates the law implicitly assumed by the viewer that the angle of incidence is equal to the angle of reflection in the event of a reflection on a larger length scale, for example by locally aligning the surface with micromirrors that are not visible to the naked eye the respective surface normal deviates from the reference plane of the security element visible to the viewer and / or the incident light is diffracted in diffraction effects in directions unexpected by the viewer.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement 11 can be designed such that in the first motif part 4 the parallax does not exactly correspond to the parallax of an object lying in the depth. This can be achieved, for example, by moiré magnification arrangements or modulo magnification arrangements. It can thereby be achieved that an additional movement effect occurs in the first motif part 4 when the security element 1 is tilted or rotated. This can be an orthoparallactic movement, such as that in the WO 2007/076952 A2 is described, the representations for the left and right eye of the viewer strictly speaking not permitting an assignment of a depth, since the viewing directions from which the observer sees the object with the left and right eye do not intersect.
  • a representation with correct parallax corresponds to a representation with an A matrix that is only occupied on the main diagonal.
  • the A matrix is populated only at the positions not on the main diagonal.
  • a small parallax error in the sense of the present invention is present when the A matrix is occupied both on the main diagonal and next to it.
  • the second micro-optical display arrangement may also have "errors" in the orientations of the microscopic structures compared to the orientation of the simulated surface.
  • Such an effect exists, for example, in a so-called imaginary surface.
  • this means the formation of a reflection or transmission behavior that cannot be generated with a real curved reflecting or transmitting surface. For example, if you turn the azimuth angles of all facets 90 ° to the right, a relief illuminated from above looks as if it were illuminated from the right.
  • the light reflections do not migrate in this case when tilting, as one would expect with the embossed relief, but also "orthoparallactic", which can be a very surprising effect. At first glance, however, such representations also appear to a viewer to be arched. For the impression of a curvature according to the invention, it is not important here that the orientation of the microstructures actually exactly reproduces the reflection behavior of a real curved surface.
  • the representation by means of the first micro-optical representation arrangement 11 in the first motif part 4 can change from a first image to a second image when the security element 1 is tilted or rotated from east to west.
  • a first symbol A lying in the depth could tilt into at least one other representation, for example a symbol B, when the security element 1 is tilted.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement 11 can also implement additional effects, for example also kinematic effects (movements, pump effect, etc.) in addition to the tilting images mentioned above.
  • the three-dimensional representation in the first motif part 4 can move when the security element 1 is tilted.
  • the display could also switch from a certain tilt angle to the display of a completely different, not necessarily three-dimensional object (for example, a number lying in the depth can change to a different display, for example a symbol that then moves when tilted further).
  • the quality or the appearance of the two micro-optical display arrangements can each show a different dependency on the viewing or lighting situation used. For example, a stereogram realized with a hologram grating can only be clearly recognized from the right direction when the lighting is almost parallel, whereas it is blurred or not perceived at all in diffuse lighting becomes.
  • the second micro-optical display arrangement which appears to be curved according to the invention, is very well recognizable even in the case of diffuse illumination from a wide angular range. Other combinations can show differently recognizable first and second micro-optical display arrangements when viewed or viewed.
  • the first micro-optical display arrangement can consist, for example, of a moiré magnification arrangement based on a microlens screen, which, for example, shows a depth effect when viewed from above and through, while a second micro-optical display arrangement formed by metallized sawtooth structures shows the desired arch effect when viewed from above and can only appear opaque when viewed through .
  • the security element according to the invention can consequently be designed such that, depending on the viewing and / or lighting situation, the display of one of the two micro-optical display arrangements dominates, while the displays complement one another in another viewing or lighting situation.
  • the security element 1 according to the invention can also be designed, for example, as a security strip 33, as in FIG Figure 1 is shown. Furthermore, the security element 1 can not only be formed, as described, on a carrier film from which it can be transferred to the value document 2 in a known manner. It is also possible to form the security element 1 directly on the value document. Thus, direct printing on a polymer substrate with subsequent embossing of the security element can be carried out, for example in order to form a security element according to the invention in the case of plastic banknotes.
  • the security element according to the invention can be formed in a wide variety of substrates.
  • it can be in or on a paper substrate, a paper with synthetic fibers, ie paper with a proportion x polymeric material in the range of 0 ⁇ x ⁇ 100 wt .-%, a plastic film, e.g. B.
  • PE polyethylene
  • PET polyethylene terephthalate
  • PBT polybutylene terephthalate
  • PEN polyethylene naphthalate
  • PA polyamide
  • a multi-layer composite in particular a composite of several different foils (composite composite) or a paper-film composite (film / paper / film or paper / film / paper), the security element being able to be provided in or on or between each of the layers of such a multilayer composite.
  • micro-optical display arrangements are located on flat substrates.
  • the designs according to the invention can also be used advantageously in the case of curved or flexible substrates, such as labels, securities or banknotes.

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
  • Credit Cards Or The Like (AREA)
  • Diffracting Gratings Or Hologram Optical Elements (AREA)
EP18000487.1A 2010-07-01 2011-06-29 Sicherheitselement sowie wertdokument mit einem solchen sicherheitselement Active EP3401117B1 (de)

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DE102010025775A DE102010025775A1 (de) 2010-07-01 2010-07-01 Sicherheitselement sowie Wertdokument mit einem solchen Sicherheitselement
EP11730217.4A EP2588276B1 (de) 2010-07-01 2011-06-29 Sicherheitselement sowie wertdokument mit einem solchen sicherheitselement
PCT/EP2011/003220 WO2012000669A1 (de) 2010-07-01 2011-06-29 Sicherheitselement sowie wertdokument mit einem solchen sicherheitselement

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US20210070088A1 (en) 2021-03-11
CN103068526B (zh) 2016-05-11
AU2011273910A1 (en) 2013-02-07
US20130099474A1 (en) 2013-04-25
AU2011273910B2 (en) 2016-08-11
AU2016256797A1 (en) 2016-12-01
EP3401117A1 (de) 2018-11-14
US10870305B2 (en) 2020-12-22
EP2588276B1 (de) 2018-08-08
EP2588276A1 (de) 2013-05-08
WO2012000669A1 (de) 2012-01-05
RU2560310C2 (ru) 2015-08-20
CN103068526A (zh) 2013-04-24
DE102010025775A1 (de) 2012-01-05
HK1178843A1 (zh) 2013-09-19

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