Classifications

• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
  • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B3/00—Simple or compound lenses
  • G02B3/0006—Arrays
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
  • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
  • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
  • G02B30/27—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving lenticular arrays
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
  • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
  • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
  • H04N13/305—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using lenticular lenses, e.g. arrangements of cylindrical lenses
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
  • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
  • H04N13/302—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays
  • H04N13/31—Image reproducers for viewing without the aid of special glasses, i.e. using autostereoscopic displays using parallax barriers
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
  • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
  • H04N13/349—Multi-view displays for displaying three or more geometrical viewpoints without viewer tracking
  • H04N13/351—Multi-view displays for displaying three or more geometrical viewpoints without viewer tracking for displaying simultaneously
• • H—ELECTRICITY
  • H04—ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
  • H04N—PICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
  • H04N13/00—Stereoscopic video systems; Multi-view video systems; Details thereof
  • H04N13/30—Image reproducers
  • H04N13/363—Image reproducers using image projection screens
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
  • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
  • G02B2027/0132—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems
  • G02B2027/0134—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising binocular systems of stereoscopic type
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
  • G02B27/0101—Head-up displays characterised by optical features
  • G02B2027/014—Head-up displays characterised by optical features comprising information/image processing systems
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
  • G02B27/0149—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features
  • G02B2027/0161—Head-up displays characterised by mechanical features characterised by the relative positioning of the constitutive elements
  • G02B2027/0163—Electric or electronic control thereof
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
  • G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
  • G02B2027/0183—Adaptation to parameters characterising the motion of the vehicle
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
  • G02B27/01—Head-up displays
  • G02B27/0179—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed
  • G02B2027/0187—Display position adjusting means not related to the information to be displayed slaved to motion of at least a part of the body of the user, e.g. head, eye
• • G—PHYSICS
  • G02—OPTICS
  • G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
  • G02B30/00—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images
  • G02B30/20—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes
  • G02B30/26—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type
  • G02B30/30—Optical systems or apparatus for producing three-dimensional [3D] effects, e.g. stereoscopic images by providing first and second parallax images to an observer's left and right eyes of the autostereoscopic type involving parallax barriers

Definitions

• the present invention relates generally to devices for assisting the driving of motor vehicles.
• a head-up display for a motor vehicle comprising:
• an image generation unit controlled by the computer for generating images
• an optical assembly for projecting virtual images, adapted to project each image generated by said image generation unit into the field of vision of the driver of the motor vehicle.
• a head-up display adapted to project basic information (speed of the vehicle, direction to follow, ...) and safety information (engine malfunction, presence of obstacles,. ..) at the driver's eye level.
• the displays of the first type use an image forming device comprising a diffuser and a scanning unit designed to generate a light beam scanning an entrance face of the diffuser.
• the light beam at the output of the diffuser thus forms an image, which can then be projected into the field of vision of the driver of the vehicle by means of a combiner.
• the displays of the second type use a screen that generates an image, which is then projected into the field of view of the driver, here also by means of a combiner.
• the combiner makes it possible for the driver to perceive the elementary and safety information in superposition of the view he has of the road. The driver then perceives this information as if it were displayed in a plan located at a distance from the driver that is greater than that separating the driver from the windshield.
• the invention proposes a head-up display for a motor vehicle, comprising:
• an image generation unit controlled by the computer for generating images
• an optical assembly for projecting virtual images adapted to project each image generated by said image generation unit into the field of vision of the driver of the motor vehicle and in which the image generation unit comprises a self-filtering filter; stereoscopic, the image generation unit providing at least two distinct points of view;
• the filter will make it possible to generate images that will be perceived by the driver as being three-dimensional. It will be from then on possible to display information in an infinite number of shots more or less distant from the driver.
• the auto-stereoscopic filter comprises a network of microlenses
• said image generation unit offers eight distinct points of view
• the auto-stereoscopic filter comprises a parallax barrier
• the computer is adapted to control the image generation unit in such a way that the virtual images projected by the optical assembly are perceived by the driver as being formed of layers (Img1, Img2, Img3), each layer (Img1 , Img2, Img3) being located in a separate plane and including information visible to the driver;
• the computer is adapted to control the image generation unit such that the virtual images projected by the optical assembly are perceived by the driver as representing a three-dimensional shape;
• a data acquisition device available to the driver, which is connected to the computer and allows the driver to switch the computer between two calculation modes, including an active mode in which the computer controls the generating unit in such a way that the virtual images projected by the optical assembly are perceived by the driver as three-dimensional, and a passive mode in which the computer controls the image generation unit such that each projected virtual image by the optical assembly is seen by the driver as being two-dimensional;
• a system for detecting the position of each of the eyes of the driver is provided, and the computer is adapted to control the image generation unit as a function of the detected position of said eyes;
• said image generation unit comprises a display screen
• said projection optical assembly comprises at least one optical magnification component
• said projection optical assembly comprises a combiner in the form of a transparent and semicircular curved optical pane; reflective performing a magnifying function.
• FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a head-up display according to the invention.
• FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a portion of a screen and of an auto-stereoscopic filter of the head-up display of FIG. 1;
• FIG. 1 there is shown a head-up display 10 for equipping a vehicle, for example a motor vehicle.
• This head-up display 10 comprises an image generation unit
• the image generation unit 11 comprises a display screen 15, here a liquid crystal display (or
• LCD for "Liquid Crystal Dispiaf" with thin-film transistors (or TFT for
• Thin-FHm Transistor It also includes a backlight device located at the back of the display screen 15.
• This image generation unit 1 1 makes it possible, under the control of the computer 20, to generate an image that the projection optical assembly 12 will be able to project into the driver's field of vision when the driver's gaze is turned towards the driver. road.
• the optical projection assembly 12 is more specifically designed to project a virtual image Img in the field of vision of the driver of the vehicle.
• a return optical system 13 and a combiner 14 placed in the field of view of the driver of the vehicle. It could possibly also include a magnification lens (not shown).
• the optical return system 13 which here comprises only a folding mirror, makes it possible to send the image generated by the image generation unit 1 1 to the combiner 14.
• the combiner 14 makes it possible to reflect this image in such a way that it appears to the driver.
• this combiner 14 is preferably arranged in the passenger compartment of the motor vehicle, between the windshield 1 of the vehicle and the eyes of the driver.
• the combiner could be formed by the windshield itself.
• This combiner 14 comprises a transparent curved optical glass and semi-reflective performing a function of magnification.
• it is an injected piece of polycarbonate, which is curved so as to enlarge the size of the virtual image Img seen by the driver.
• the computer 20 comprises a processor and a storage unit, for example a rewritable non-volatile memory or a hard disk.
• the storage unit notably stores a computer application, consisting of computer programs comprising instructions whose execution by the processor allows the implementation by the computer 20 of the method described below.
• the computer 20 is particularly adapted to control the display screen 15 so that the latter displays images.
• This computer 20 is preferably connected to a detection system 17 of the position of each of the eyes of the driver and to a data input member 18 available to the driver.
• the detection system 17 may be formed by a camera acquiring images of the driver's face. Then, the computer 20 will be provided to determine the instantaneous position of each of the eyes of the driver, given the images acquired.
• the input member 18 may itself be formed by a bistable button actuable by the driver. Here, it will rather be considered that this input member will be formed by a touch screen placed in the central console of the motor vehicle.
• the head-up display 10 is designed in such a way that the virtual images Img projected in the field of view of the driver are three-dimensional images. These images are more specifically intended to be viewed in three dimensions by the driver, without requiring the wearing of stereoscopic glasses (better known as "3D glasses").
• the image generation unit 11 comprises an automatic filter stereoscopic 1 6.
• the computer 20 is then provided to control the display of images by the display screen 15 taking into account the characteristics of this auto-stereoscopic filter 1 6, so that the virtual images Img are perceived by the driver as being three-dimensional .
• the auto-stereoscopic filter could be in the form of a parallax barrier.
• the auto-stereoscopic filter is rather in the form of a network of convergent microlenses offering at least two distinct points of view.
• the image generation unit 11 is adapted to simultaneously display in an entangled manner, at least two different two-dimensional images, each of which can be individually observed from a different angle of view. angle under which we can observe the other image.
• the driver can simultaneously observe two two-dimensional images with both eyes, so that his brain can reconstruct a three-dimensional image.
• it will offer more than two points of view, namely here eight points of view.
• the driver will be able to observe two two-dimensional images with his two eyes, among the eight available, not only when his head is exactly positioned in the axis of the combiner 14, but also when it is offset relative to this axis.
• FIG. 2 to explain briefly the operation of this auto-stereoscopic display system, a portion of the display screen 15 and the auto-stereoscopic filter 1 6 are very schematically represented in section.
• the display screen 15 comprises a periodic succession of sub-pixels of different colors: Red (R), Green (V) and Blue (B). Each subpixel triplet forms a pixel P1, P2, P3, P4.
• Each sub-pixel has, from the front, a rectangular shape or, as will be described hereinafter, a form of parallelogram.
• Each sub-pixel is controlled to emit on the front face of the light with a determined light intensity, the resulting color sensation then the mixture of the three elementary colors in the driver's eye.
• the microlens array is composed of microlenses L1, L2, L3 here cylindrical. This is in practice lenses profiled along a vertical axis, convex cross sections. In the example illustrated in the figures, these lenses here have a flat rear face (facing the display screen 15) and a convex front face. Alternatively, it could be otherwise.
• the microlens array is placed in front of the display screen 15, parallel to that at a distance equal to the focal length of the microlenses. In this way, the microlenses L1, L2, L3 of the network magnify the points horizontally and they return to infinity the visual information present on the screen.
• an image generation unit 1 1 which offers a number of viewpoints TR1, TR2, TR3, TR4 equal to 4.
• This figure shows four pixels P1, P2, P3, P4 juxtaposed horizontally.
• microlenses L1, L2, L3 have also been represented.
• the pitch of these microlenses L1, L2, L3 is here chosen equal to the width (taken horizontally) of four sub-pixels.
• TR1, TR2, TR3, TR4 are also shown below which it is possible to observe the image generation unit 1 1.
• these four views are shown on the side of the display screen 15 while in practice, this screen will be seen from the opposite side through the projection assembly 12.
• a (single) eye that observes the display screen 15 through the microlens array 1 6 will then see, according to its position:
• each eye of the driver is likely to visually mix the red, green and blue components of different pixels of the image.
• the computer can display images which, by that they will not be seen under the same angle (that is to say with the same point of view) by the two eyes of the driver, can be interpreted by the brain as three-dimensional images.
• the image generation unit 1 1 will preferably be designed to offer not four, but eight different points of view. For this, we will use microlenses that will each cover not four, but eight sub-pixels.
• the sub-pixels are elongated along a vertical axis, but the microlenses are elongated along an axis inclined at an angle ⁇ with respect to the vertical axis so as to produce assemblies of eight sub-pixels. .
• frontal planes plans that extend substantially orthogonal to the direction of the driver's gaze.
• Each frontal plane will then be defined by a “depth”, that is to say by a distance separating it from the eyes of the driver.
• the computer 20 will control the image generation unit 1 1 such that each virtual image Img projected by the optical assembly 12 is seen by the driver as consisting of points in a number finished of distinct front planes, this number being for example less than or equal to five.
• the Img3 layer closest to the driver will be seen as being at a distance from the driver that is greater than the distance separating the driver from the windshield 1, so that the eyes of the driver will not have to perform work. accommodation to collect the projected information.
• Each layer can be used to display separate information.
• a virtual image Img projected by the optical assembly 12
• a three-dimensional shape could be a sphere, a motor vehicle, a continuous white line or the symbolism of a street scene.
• the depth of the three-dimensional shape of the virtual image Img will be calculated so that the successive points of the three-dimensional shape appear continuously.
• a three-dimensional shape represents an object having at least one surface that extends continuously in a depth, while the above-mentioned layers form a three-dimensional image from their dispositions in planes orthogonal to the direction of gaze and located at different depths.
• a virtual image can thus represent at least one form three-dimensional and / or an image formed of one or more layers at different depths.
• the driver may in this case use the touch screen 18 of the central console of the vehicle, so as to switch the computer 20 from a normal operating mode (called active mode), such as the one above, to a degraded mode (called passive mode).
• active mode a normal operating mode
• passive mode a degraded mode
• the computer 20 will then be designed to control the image generation unit 1 1 so that each virtual image Img projected by the optical assembly 12 is formed of a single layer.
• the computer will control the illumination of the sub-pixels of the display screen 15 so that the color mixture R, V, B seen through each microlens triplet L1, L2, L3 is the same, regardless of the point of view under which the display screen 15 will be observed.
• the two eyes of the driver can observe the same image, which will be interpreted by the driver's brain as a two-dimensional image.
• the computer 20 can control the image generation unit 1 1 according to the detected position of the eyes of the driver.
• the computer may, given the position of each of the two eyes of the driver (detected by the detection system 17), shift laterally at least one of the images seen by one of the eyes of the driver. that the virtual image observed by the driver is clear.
• it will be possible to display information at a distance from the driver which will be variable and which will be chosen according to the type of information to be displayed or depending on the conditions encountered. For example, it will be possible to display the speed of the vehicle in a frontal plane that will move more or less away from the driver, depending on the speed of movement of the vehicle.

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• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Optics & Photonics (AREA)
• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Multimedia (AREA)
• Signal Processing (AREA)
• Instrument Panels (AREA)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

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Family Cites Families (7)

• 2016
  • 2016-01-04 FR FR1650017A patent/FR3046468B1/fr active Active
• 2017
  • 2017-01-04 EP EP17700070.0A patent/EP3400475A1/de not_active Withdrawn
  • 2017-01-04 WO PCT/EP2017/050165 patent/WO2017118672A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2017-01-04 US US16/068,050 patent/US20200355914A1/en not_active Abandoned

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