EP3399592B1 - Antenna system - Google Patents

Antenna system Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3399592B1
EP3399592B1 EP18168679.1A EP18168679A EP3399592B1 EP 3399592 B1 EP3399592 B1 EP 3399592B1 EP 18168679 A EP18168679 A EP 18168679A EP 3399592 B1 EP3399592 B1 EP 3399592B1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
protective plate
antenna system
projection
antenna
frame portion
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EP18168679.1A
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German (de)
French (fr)
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EP3399592A1 (en
Inventor
Alexander Hoffmann
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Hoffmann Messtechnik GmbH
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Hoffmann Messtechnik GmbH
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/42—Housings not intimately mechanically associated with radiating elements, e.g. radome
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
    • H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
    • H01Q1/34—Adaptation for use in or on ships, submarines, buoys or torpedoes
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
    • H01Q3/00—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system
    • H01Q3/02—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole
    • H01Q3/04—Arrangements for changing or varying the orientation or the shape of the directional pattern of the waves radiated from an antenna or antenna system using mechanical movement of antenna or antenna system as a whole for varying one co-ordinate of the orientation

Definitions

  • the present invention relates to an antenna system comprising at least one antenna field and a flat antenna field outside, the flat antenna field outside being covered at least in sections by a protective plate or by a protective plate which has a specularly reflecting surface.
  • phased array antennas some of which are used as radar antennas for military purposes. Since this type of antenna usually has a reflecting surface, this means that radiation, in particular solar radiation, is reflected on the surface. With certain constellations between the position of the sun and the alignment of the antenna field, this leads to very intense and highly visible solar reflections.
  • some antenna systems rotate, for example, for radar purposes, so that the critical constellation between solar radiation and the alignment of the antenna field, which causes solar reflections that are visible from far away, is briefly fulfilled with every complete rotation of the antenna system around its axis. Due to the predetermined rotational speed of the antenna systems, the duration of a flashing sun reflex is generally greater than the resolution of conventional measuring devices, so that the flashing sun reflections can be measured.
  • This threat relates to the spectral range of sunlight, which begins in the visible spectral range and extends to the middle infrared range. This range corresponds to wavelengths from approximately 0.4 ⁇ m to 5.0 ⁇ m.
  • an antenna system comprises at least one antenna field and a flat antenna field outside which is covered at least in sections by a flat protective plate or is formed by a flat protective plate, the protective plate having an outer protective plate surface with a specularly reflecting surface, an upper edge, has a lower edge, a right edge and a left edge, wherein at least along one edge of the protective plate a projection is provided, which projects perpendicularly to the outer side of the protective plate beyond the outer side of the protective plate and forms at least a first frame portion, the projection at least in sections made of a material consists of a lower specular reflection than the protective plate outside, and wherein the protective plate consists of a material that is transparent to radar radiation.
  • the invention is based on the finding that the critical, very intense and far-reaching sun reflections occur when, as in Fig. 1 shown, the sun rays 800 impinge very obliquely on a specularly reflecting antenna field outside 810. In other words, the critical solar reflections are observed when the angle of reflection ⁇ is approximately greater than or equal to 80 °.
  • a projection is provided at least in sections along at least one edge of the protective plate, which protrudes perpendicularly to the outside of the protective plate beyond the outside of the protective plate and forms at least a first frame section. The projection thus shadows the outside of the protective plate for the obliquely incident sun rays. If sunlight, which reaches the outer side of the protective plate with significantly smaller reflection angles, is also reflected, the described measure significantly reduces the light intensity of the reflected sunlight. This means that the solar reflections or flashes of light that occur on the antenna system in the distance cannot be measured or are significantly more difficult to measure.
  • the projection can serve as an optical obstacle to radiation that has already been reflected on the surface of the protective plate outside.
  • the frame section formed from the projection has a material, at least in sections which has a lower specular reflection than the surface of the protective plate outside.
  • the measure described thus serves to significantly improve the camouflage of the antenna system compared to conventional antenna systems which have no alternative camouflage measures to avoid sun reflections.
  • reflections in the entire spectral range of solar radiation which covers the range from visible light to the middle infrared range, i.e. covers the range from 0.4 ⁇ m to 5.0 ⁇ m, significantly reduced.
  • the upper edge is to be understood as the edge of the protective plate which points towards the sky, while the lower edge of the protective plate is the edge which is directed towards the floor.
  • the projection is preferably arranged on the right edge and on the left edge and forms two first frame sections. This provides optimal protection against highly visible reflections due to the sun's rays entering the antenna field at an angle. In addition, the total weight of the antenna system is hardly increased, which among other things offers an advantage for the design of a drive system for rotatable antenna systems. Finally, the cost and effort for this improvement measure are low.
  • the projection directly adjoins the edge of the protective plate.
  • the projection is arranged on the edge of the protective plate.
  • This cross-section has the advantage that it is comparatively stable against mechanical influences.
  • the height of the projection is chosen with which the projection protrudes beyond the antenna field outside or over the protective plate outside.
  • a height of 40 to 60 cm, for example, is sufficient to prevent the spread of most of the particularly disturbing reflected radiation, which has a particularly high intensity.
  • the width of the projections results from the necessary stability of the frame and is, for example, 4 to 10 cm at the end portion of the projection which is connected to the antenna system. This width is particularly advantageous for frame heights of 40 to 60 cm.
  • a second frame section is provided, the second frame section being an extension which projects perpendicularly to the outside of the protective plate, extends parallel to the left and / or right edge of the protective plate and projects beyond the lower edge of the protective plate.
  • This embodiment can be used in addition to or instead of a projection resting on the lower edge in order to prevent the reflection of sun rays incident from above.
  • the extension preferably has a free end, the distance between the free end of the extension and the lower edge of the protective plate being at least 20 cm.
  • the protective plate and the first frame section and / or the second frame section are made of the same material, the surface of the first frame section and / or the second frame section being at least on the sides of the frame sections which are exposed to the incident sun rays have specular reflection as the protective plate, such as a composite consisting of PU foam with a hard paper surface.
  • the protective plate consists of a material that is permeable to radar radiation. In order not to impair the performance of the antenna system, it is advantageous that the material of the first frame section and / or the second frame section is transparent to radar radiation.
  • the function of the antenna system is not impaired by the frame, but optimal protection against lightning-like sun reflections is ensured.
  • the surface of the first and / or second frame section is structured and / or has a matt coating, at least on the sides exposed to the incident sun rays. This measure helps to prevent the specular reflection of sun rays on the frame parts particularly well.
  • Fig. 2 shows the basic structure of an antenna system 10 according to a first embodiment with a base 12 and an antenna field 14 which is surrounded by an antenna shell.
  • the antenna envelope which is also referred to as a radome, has a flat outer surface of the antenna field, which faces outward in the direction of the radiation to be detected or transmitted by the antenna field.
  • the flat outside of the antenna field is completely covered with a protective plate 16 or is formed by such a flat protective plate 16, the protective plate 16 having an upper edge 18, a lower edge 20, a right edge 22 and a left edge 24 and a flat, reflecting protective plate outer side 26 has.
  • Fig. 3 shows a further known antenna system 110 with a base foot 12 and an antenna field 114, which is surrounded by an antenna sleeve, the antenna sleeve having a flat antenna field outside 115 and the antenna field outside 115 being covered or formed by a protective plate 16 except for a peripheral edge section.
  • This one too Antenna system 110 has the protective plate 16 having an upper edge 18, a lower edge 20, a right edge 22 and a left edge 24 and a flat, reflecting protective plate outer side 26.
  • the outside of the antenna field 115 and the surface of the protective plate 16 form a flat, outwardly facing surface.
  • Both antenna systems 10, 110 can be rotated about their longitudinal axis, with a rotation taking place between the base foot 12 and the antenna field.
  • the antenna field is a phased array antenna field.
  • the protective plates 16 each consist of a material that is permeable to radar waves.
  • Fig. 4 shows an antenna field 14 of a first embodiment of an antenna system that differs from that in FIG Fig. 2 known embodiment shown differs in that along the left edge 24 and the right edge 22 of the protective plate 16 on the protective plate 16, a projection 28 is provided, which, as Figure 4 shows, perpendicular to the protective plate outside 26 protrudes beyond the protective plate outside 26.
  • the projection 28 forms two first frame sections 30 along the left edge 24 and the right edge 22.
  • Fig. 5 shows a training of the in Fig. 3
  • the illustrated embodiment of an antenna system 110 only the outside of the antenna field 115 and the protective plate 16 being shown.
  • the flat antenna field outside 115 is larger than the protective plate 16, so that the protective plate 16 is surrounded by an edge formed by the antenna field outside 115.
  • the projection 128 is provided along the left edge 24 and the right edge 22 of the protective plate 16 adjacent to the edge of the protective plate 16 on the outside of the antenna field 115.
  • the projection 128 protrudes perpendicular to the outside of the antenna field 26 and thus perpendicular to the protective plate 16 beyond the outside of the antenna field 26 or the protective plate 16 and forms two first frame sections 130 along the left edge 24 and right edge 22 of the protective plate 16.
  • the first two frame sections 30 and 130 ensure that obliquely incident sun rays hit the projection at the side and thus no longer reach the surface of the protective plate, where they can be reflected. As a result, the projection forms shading for sun rays that come in laterally at an angle.
  • Fig. 6 shows a third embodiment of an antenna field 214, in which, in addition to two first frame sections 230, a second frame section 232 is provided on the right and left edge of the protective plate 16.
  • the frame section 232 is designed as an extension 234, the extension 234 protruding perpendicularly to the protective plate 16 over the outer side 26 of the protective plate, aligned parallel to the left edge 24 and right edge 22 of the protective plate 16 and projecting beyond the lower edge 20 of the protective plate 16.
  • the second frame section 232 forms a continuation of the first frame section 230 and is formed in one piece with the first frame section 230.
  • the extension 234 has a free end and the distance between the free end of the extension 234 and the lower edge 20 of the protective plate 16 is at least 20 cm.
  • the reflection of sun rays that reach the protective plate 16 from above is additionally prevented.
  • FIGS Fig. 4 , 5 and 6 illustrated embodiment of an antenna field 14, 114, 214 differ in that the projection 328, 428, 528 along the left edge 24, the right edge 22 and the upper edge 18 of the protective plate 16 a continuous first frame portion 330; 430; 530 forms.
  • the provision of a projection on the upper edge 18 of the protective plate 16 provides for shading of the protective plate 16 in the case of sun rays which strike the protective plate 16 from above.
  • the projection 28, 128, 228, 328, 428, 528 or the extension 234 has a rectangular cross section.
  • the projection 28, 128, 228, 328, 428, 528 of the 4 to 9 and / or approach 234 of Fig. 6 and 9 also have a different rectangular cross-section than shown.
  • FIG. 10 A cross section through an alternative embodiment of a projection 328 is shown, in which the free end 340 has the shape of a parabola and the base section 342 adjoining the free end 340 is rectangular in cross section.
  • the parabola is a second or fourth degree parabola.
  • a base section that widens conically downward can also be used.
  • the cross section of the projection usually has a height of 40 to 60 cm and a width of 4 to 10 cm at the end section at which it is connected to the antenna field. This prevents sun rays with an angle of incidence of greater than or equal to 80 ° from reaching the antenna field 18.
  • the first frame section 30, 130, 230, 330, 430, 530 and the second frame section 232 and the protective plate 16 consist of a material which is opaque for the wavelength range from approximately 0.4 ⁇ m to 5.0 ⁇ m, such as a PU foam a hard paper surface.
  • the last-mentioned material is transparent to the wavelengths used in the radar and is therefore ideally suited for the use of the antenna systems as radar systems.
  • the first frame section 30, 230, 330, 530 is glued to the protective plate 16 in the embodiments in which the frame section 30, 230, 330, 530 is arranged on the protective plate 16. It goes without saying that other connection techniques known to the person skilled in the art can also be used to fasten the first frame section 30, 230, 330, 530 to the protective plate 16. In addition, the protective plate 16 and the first frame section 30, 130, 230, 330, 530 can be formed in one piece.
  • first frame section 30, 130, 230, 330, 430, 530 and the second frame section 232 is textured and matt lacquered on the outer sides where solar radiation can strike, in order to prevent specular reflections on the first frame section 30, 130, 230, 330, 430, 530 and the second frame portion 232 to prevent.
  • the projection can be formed completely or in sections along one or more edges. It is not excluded here that the projection can also be provided on the lower edge.
  • the features of the embodiments shown are combined with one another, individual features also being able to be omitted.
  • the in Fig. 6 or approach 234 shown in FIG. 9 can also be used in an antenna system in which the projection is arranged on the antenna field.
  • the approach can be an extension of an existing framework.
  • the first and / or second frame section shadows the protective plate with respect to obliquely incident sun rays, so that no far-reaching sun reflections occur. It is particularly advantageous here that a projection is provided at least on the right and left edge of the protective plate, since this prevents reflection from the particularly disruptive side-incident sun rays. Since the first and / or second frame section are arranged directly on the protective plate, they rotate along with rotatable antenna systems, so that the desired shading is ensured in any position of the antenna system.

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Description

Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft ein Antennensystem, umfassend wenigstens ein Antennenfeld und eine ebene Antennenfeldaußenseite, wobei die ebene Antennenfeldaußenseite zumindest abschnittsweise von einer Schutzplatte bedeckt oder von einer Schutzplatte gebildet ist, die eine spekular reflektierende Oberfläche aufweist.The present invention relates to an antenna system comprising at least one antenna field and a flat antenna field outside, the flat antenna field outside being covered at least in sections by a protective plate or by a protective plate which has a specularly reflecting surface.

Beispiele für solche Antennensysteme sind Phased Array Antennen, die als Radarantennen zum Teil für militärische Zwecke eingesetzt werden. Da diese Art von Antennen in der Regel eine spiegelnde Oberfläche aufweist, führt dies dazu, dass Strahlung, insbesondere Sonnenstrahlung an der Oberfläche reflektiert wird. Dies führt bei bestimmten Konstellationen zwischen Sonnenstand und Ausrichtung des Antennenfelds dazu, dass sehr intensive und weit sichtbare Sonnenreflexe auftreten. Hinzu kommt, dass sich manche Antennensysteme beispielsweise zu Radarzwecken drehen, so dass die kritische Konstellation zwischen Sonnenstrahlung und Ausrichtung des Antennenfelds, die weit sichtbare Sonnenreflexe verursacht, bei jeder vollständigen Rotation des Antennensystems um seine Achse kurzfristig erfüllt ist. Aufgrund der vorgegebenen Drehgeschwindigkeit der Antennensysteme ist die Dauer eines aufblitzenden Sonnenreflexes in der Regel größer als das Auflösungsvermögen üblicher Messgeräte, so dass die aufblitzenden Sonnenreflexe messtechnisch erfasst werden können.Examples of such antenna systems are phased array antennas, some of which are used as radar antennas for military purposes. Since this type of antenna usually has a reflecting surface, this means that radiation, in particular solar radiation, is reflected on the surface. With certain constellations between the position of the sun and the alignment of the antenna field, this leads to very intense and highly visible solar reflections. In addition, some antenna systems rotate, for example, for radar purposes, so that the critical constellation between solar radiation and the alignment of the antenna field, which causes solar reflections that are visible from far away, is briefly fulfilled with every complete rotation of the antenna system around its axis. Due to the predetermined rotational speed of the antenna systems, the duration of a flashing sun reflex is generally greater than the resolution of conventional measuring devices, so that the flashing sun reflections can be measured.

Diese bei drehenden Antennensystemen kurzfristig aufblitzenden Sonnenreflexe, die in sehr großer Entfernung von verfügbaren Messvorrichtung erfasst werden können, sind insbesondere bei militärischen Einsätzen gefürchtet, da diese entgegen sämtlichen Tarnversuchen den Standort und aufgrund der Taktfrequenz der auftretenden Sonnenreflexe gegebenenfalls sogar die Art des Antennensystems erkennen lassen.These briefly flashing sun reflections, which can be detected at a very great distance from the available measuring device in rotating antenna systems, are particularly feared in military operations, since contrary to all camouflage attempts, they may even reveal the location and, depending on the clock frequency of the occurring sun reflections, the type of antenna system.

Diese Bedrohung bezieht sich auf den Spektralbereich des Sonnenlichtes, welcher im sichtbaren Spektralbereich anfängt und sich bis zum mittleren Infrarotbereich erstreckt. Dieser Bereich entspricht Wellenlängen von etwa 0,4 µm bis 5,0 µm.This threat relates to the spectral range of sunlight, which begins in the visible spectral range and extends to the middle infrared range. This range corresponds to wavelengths from approximately 0.4 µm to 5.0 µm.

In der DE 10 2004 025 647 A1 ist eine Einrichtung zum Tarnen spekular reflektierender Oberflächen beschrieben, um solche Sonnenblitze zu verhindern. Hierbei wird die Oberfläche des Antennensystems entsprechend strukturiert bzw. eine Gewebestruktur auf der Oberfläche des Antennenfeldes angebracht.In the DE 10 2004 025 647 A1 describes a device for camouflaging specularly reflecting surfaces in order to prevent such sun flashes. The surface of the antenna system is structured accordingly or a fabric structure is attached to the surface of the antenna field.

Diese in der DE 10 2004 025 647 A1 beschriebene Tarnung ist vergleichsweise aufwändig.This in the DE 10 2004 025 647 A1 described camouflage is comparatively complex.

Es ist Aufgabe der vorliegenden Erfindung, eine einfache und kostengünstige Vorrichtung bereitzustellen, die die Intensität der Sonnenreflexe reduziert.It is an object of the present invention to provide a simple and inexpensive device which reduces the intensity of the sun reflections.

Erfindungsgemäß wird die Aufgabe dadurch gelöst, dass ein Antennensystem wenigstens ein Antennenfeld umfasst sowie eine ebene Antennenfeldaußenseite, die zumindest abschnittsweise von einer ebenen Schutzplatte bedeckt oder von einer ebenen Schutzplatte gebildet ist, wobei die Schutzplatte eine Schutzplattenaußenseite mit einer spekular reflektierenden Oberfläche, einen oberen Rand, einen unteren Rand, einen rechten Rand und einen linken Rand aufweist, wobei wenigstens entlang eines Randes der Schutzplatte wenigstens abschnittsweise ein Vorsprung vorgesehen ist, der senkrecht zur Schutzplattenaußenseite über die Schutzplattenaußenseite hinausragt und wenigstens einen ersten Rahmenabschnitt bildet, wobei der Vorsprung zumindest abschnittsweise aus einem Material besteht, das eine geringere spekulare Reflexion als die Schutzplattenaußenseite aufweist, und wobei die die Schutzplatte aus einem Material besteht, das für Radarstrahlung durchlässig ist.According to the invention, the object is achieved in that an antenna system comprises at least one antenna field and a flat antenna field outside which is covered at least in sections by a flat protective plate or is formed by a flat protective plate, the protective plate having an outer protective plate surface with a specularly reflecting surface, an upper edge, has a lower edge, a right edge and a left edge, wherein at least along one edge of the protective plate a projection is provided, which projects perpendicularly to the outer side of the protective plate beyond the outer side of the protective plate and forms at least a first frame portion, the projection at least in sections made of a material consists of a lower specular reflection than the protective plate outside, and wherein the protective plate consists of a material that is transparent to radar radiation.

Der Erfindung liegt die Erkenntnis zugrunde, dass die kritischen, sehr intensiven und weitreichenden Sonnenreflexe dann auftreten, wenn, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, die Sonnenstrahlen 800 sehr schräg auf eine spekular reflektierende Antennenfeldaußenseite 810 auftreffen. Mit anderen Worten werden die kritischen Sonnenreflexe dann beobachtet, wenn der Reflexionswinkel α in etwa größer oder gleich 80° ist.The invention is based on the finding that the critical, very intense and far-reaching sun reflections occur when, as in Fig. 1 shown, the sun rays 800 impinge very obliquely on a specularly reflecting antenna field outside 810. In other words, the critical solar reflections are observed when the angle of reflection α is approximately greater than or equal to 80 °.

Um zu verhindern, dass die schräg auftreffenden Sonnenstrahlen mit Reflexionswinkeln, die in etwa größer oder gleich 80° sind, auf die Oberfläche der Schutzplattenaußenseite gelangen, ist wenigstens entlang eines Randes der Schutzplatte wenigstens abschnittsweise ein Vorsprung vorgesehen, der senkrecht zur Schutzplattenaußenseite über die Schutzplattenaußenseite hinausragt und wenigstens einen ersten Rahmenabschnitt bildet. Der Vorsprung beschattet somit die Schutzplattenaußenseite für die schräg auftreffenden Sonnenstrahlen. Wenn auch noch Sonnenlicht, das mit deutlich kleineren Reflexionswinkeln auf die Schutzplattenaußenseite gelangt, reflektiert wird, so ist durch die beschriebene Maßnahme die Lichtintensität des reflektierten Sonnenlichts deutlich reduziert. Dies führt dazu, dass die am Antennensystem auftretenden Sonnenreflexe bzw. Lichtblitze in der Ferne messtechnisch nicht oder deutlich schwieriger zu erfassen sind.In order to prevent the obliquely incident sun rays with reflection angles that are approximately greater than or equal to 80 ° from reaching the surface of the protective plate outside, a projection is provided at least in sections along at least one edge of the protective plate, which protrudes perpendicularly to the outside of the protective plate beyond the outside of the protective plate and forms at least a first frame section. The projection thus shadows the outside of the protective plate for the obliquely incident sun rays. If sunlight, which reaches the outer side of the protective plate with significantly smaller reflection angles, is also reflected, the described measure significantly reduces the light intensity of the reflected sunlight. This means that the solar reflections or flashes of light that occur on the antenna system in the distance cannot be measured or are significantly more difficult to measure.

Zusätzlich kann der Vorsprung als optisches Hindernis für Strahlung dienen, die bereits auf der Oberfläche der Schutzplattenaußenseite reflektiert wurde.In addition, the projection can serve as an optical obstacle to radiation that has already been reflected on the surface of the protective plate outside.

Um zu verhindern, dass der Vorsprung selbst wieder als Reflektor für die Sonnenstrahlung wirkt, weist der aus dem Vorsprung gebildete Rahmenabschnitt zumindest abschnittsweise ein Material auf, das eine geringere spekulare Reflexion als die Oberfläche der Schutzplattenaußenseite besitzt.In order to prevent the projection itself from acting again as a reflector for the solar radiation, the frame section formed from the projection has a material, at least in sections which has a lower specular reflection than the surface of the protective plate outside.

Die beschriebene Maßnahme dient somit dazu, die Tarnung des Antennensystems gegenüber herkömmlichen Antennensystemen, die über keine alternative Tarnmaßnahmen zur Vermeidung von Sonnenreflexen verfügen, deutlich zu verbessern.The measure described thus serves to significantly improve the camouflage of the antenna system compared to conventional antenna systems which have no alternative camouflage measures to avoid sun reflections.

Hierbei werden Reflexionen in dem gesamten Spektralbereich der Sonnenstrahlung, welcher den Bereich vom sichtbaren Licht bis zum mittleren Infrarotbereich, d.h. den Bereich von 0,4 µm bis 5,0 µm umfasst, deutlich reduziert.Here, reflections in the entire spectral range of solar radiation, which covers the range from visible light to the middle infrared range, i.e. covers the range from 0.4 µm to 5.0 µm, significantly reduced.

Es sei hier angemerkt, dass unter oberem Rand der Rand der Schutzplatte zu verstehen ist, die in Richtung Himmel weist, während der unterer Rand der Schutzplatte der Rand ist, der zum Boden gerichtet ist.It should be noted here that the upper edge is to be understood as the edge of the protective plate which points towards the sky, while the lower edge of the protective plate is the edge which is directed towards the floor.

Vorzugsweise ist der Vorsprung am rechten Rand und am linken Rand angeordnet und bildet zwei erste Rahmenabschnitte. Hierdurch ist ein optimaler Schutz gegen weithin sichtbare Reflexionen aufgrund von schräg einfallenden Sonnenstrahlen auf das Antennenfeld gegeben. Darüber hinaus wird das Gesamtgewicht des Antennensystems kaum erhöht, was unter anderem ein Vorteil für die Auslegung eines Antriebssystems für drehbare Antennensysteme bietet. Schließlich sind die Kosten und der Aufwand für diese Verbesserungsmaßnahme gering.The projection is preferably arranged on the right edge and on the left edge and forms two first frame sections. This provides optimal protection against highly visible reflections due to the sun's rays entering the antenna field at an angle. In addition, the total weight of the antenna system is hardly increased, which among other things offers an advantage for the design of a drive system for rotatable antenna systems. Finally, the cost and effort for this improvement measure are low.

Bei einer ersten bevorzugten Ausführungsform grenzt der Vorsprung unmittelbar an den Rand der Schutzplatte an. Bei einer alternativen Ausführungsform ist der Vorsprung auf dem Rand der Schutzplatte angeordnet.In a first preferred embodiment, the projection directly adjoins the edge of the protective plate. In an alternative embodiment, the projection is arranged on the edge of the protective plate.

Es hat sich als vorteilhaft erwiesen, dass der Vorsprung ein freies Ende aufweist, dessen Querschnitt in Form einer Parabel ausgebildet ist, wobei die Parabel vorzugsweise die Form y=a ∗ xb aufweist, mit a = - 2 bis - 10 und b = 2 oder 4. Dieser Querschnitt hat den Vorteil, dass er vergleichsweise stabil gegen mechanische Einflüsse ist.It has proven to be advantageous that the projection has a free end, the cross section of which is in the form of a parabola, the parabola preferably having the form y = a ∗ x b , with a = - 2 to - 10 and b = 2 or 4. This cross-section has the advantage that it is comparatively stable against mechanical influences.

Abhängig von der Größe des Antennenfeldes bzw. der Schutzplatte und des Reflexionswinkels der Strahlen, die abgeschattet werden sollen, wird die Höhe des Vorsprungs gewählt, mit der der Vorsprung über die Antennenfeldaußenseite bzw. über die Schutzplattenaußenseite übersteht. Bei gängigen Antennenfeldern von etwa 8 m x 4 m ist beispielsweise eine Höhe von 40 bis 60 cm ausreichend, um die Ausbreitung des größten Teils der besonders störenden reflektierten Strahlung, die eine besonders hohe Intensität aufweist, zu verhindern.Depending on the size of the antenna field or the protective plate and the angle of reflection of the rays to be shadowed, the height of the projection is chosen with which the projection protrudes beyond the antenna field outside or over the protective plate outside. With common antenna fields of approximately 8 mx 4 m, a height of 40 to 60 cm, for example, is sufficient to prevent the spread of most of the particularly disturbing reflected radiation, which has a particularly high intensity.

Die Breite der Vorsprünge ergibt sich aus der notwendigen Stabilität des Rahmens und liegt beispielsweise bei 4 bis 10 cm an dem Endabschnitt des Vorsprungs, der mit dem Antennensystem verbunden ist. Diese Breite ist besonders vorteilhaft bei Rahmenhöhen von 40 bis 60 cm.The width of the projections results from the necessary stability of the frame and is, for example, 4 to 10 cm at the end portion of the projection which is connected to the antenna system. This width is particularly advantageous for frame heights of 40 to 60 cm.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform ist ein zweiter Rahmenabschnitt vorgesehen, wobei der zweite Rahmenabschnitt ein Ansatz ist, der senkrecht zur Schutzplattenaußenseite über die Schutzplattenaußenseite hinausragt, parallel zum linken und/oder rechten Rand der Schutzplatte ausgerichtet ist und über den unteren Rand der Schutzplatte hinausragt. Diese Ausführungsform kann zusätzlich oder anstelle eines am unteren Rand anliegenden Vorsprungs verwendet werden, um die Reflexion von von oben einfallenden Sonnenstrahlen zu verhindern. Vorzugsweise weist der Ansatz ein freies Ende auf, wobei der Abstand zwischen dem freien Ende des Ansatzes und dem unteren Rand der Schutzplatte mindestens 20 cm beträgt.In a preferred embodiment, a second frame section is provided, the second frame section being an extension which projects perpendicularly to the outside of the protective plate, extends parallel to the left and / or right edge of the protective plate and projects beyond the lower edge of the protective plate. This embodiment can be used in addition to or instead of a projection resting on the lower edge in order to prevent the reflection of sun rays incident from above. The extension preferably has a free end, the distance between the free end of the extension and the lower edge of the protective plate being at least 20 cm.

Bei einer bevorzugten Ausführungsform bestehen die Schutzplatte und der erste Rahmenabschnitt und /oder der zweite Rahmenabschnitt aus dem gleichen Material, wobei die Oberfläche des ersten Rahmenabschnitts und/oder des zweiten Rahmenabschnitts zumindest an den Seiten der Rahmenabschnitte, die den einfallenden Sonnenstrahlen ausgesetzt sind, eine geringere spekulare Reflexion aufweisen als die Schutzplatte, wie etwa ein Verbund bestehend aus PU-Schaum mit einer Hartpapieroberfläche.In a preferred embodiment, the protective plate and the first frame section and / or the second frame section are made of the same material, the surface of the first frame section and / or the second frame section being at least on the sides of the frame sections which are exposed to the incident sun rays have specular reflection as the protective plate, such as a composite consisting of PU foam with a hard paper surface.

Die Schutzplatte besteht aus einem für Radarstrahlung durchlässigen Material. Um die Leistung des Antennensystems nicht zu beeinträchtigen, ist es von Vorteil, dass das Material des ersten Rahmenabschnitts und/oder des zweiten Rahmenabschnitts für Radarstrahlung durchlässig ist.The protective plate consists of a material that is permeable to radar radiation. In order not to impair the performance of the antenna system, it is advantageous that the material of the first frame section and / or the second frame section is transparent to radar radiation.

Hierdurch wird die Funktion des Antennensystems durch den Rahmen nicht beeinträchtigt, jedoch optimaler Schutz gegen blitzartige Sonnenreflexe gewährleistet.As a result, the function of the antenna system is not impaired by the frame, but optimal protection against lightning-like sun reflections is ensured.

Es hat sich als besonders vorteilhaft erwiesen, dass die Oberfläche des ersten und/oder zweiten Rahmenabschnitts zumindest an den den einfallenden Sonnenstrahlen ausgesetzten Seiten strukturiert und/oder matt lackiert ausgebildet ist. Diese Maßnahme trägt dazu bei, dass die spekulare Reflexion von Sonnenstrahlen an den Rahmenteilen besonders gut verhindert wird.It has proven to be particularly advantageous that the surface of the first and / or second frame section is structured and / or has a matt coating, at least on the sides exposed to the incident sun rays. This measure helps to prevent the specular reflection of sun rays on the frame parts particularly well.

Bevorzugte Ausführungsformen werden anhand der beigefügten Zeichnungen näher erläutert, in denen zeigen:

Fig. 1
eine schematische Darstellung eines einfallenden Sonnenstrahls;
Fig. 2
den prinzipiellen Aufbau eines Antennensystem gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform,
Fig. 3
den prinzipiellen Aufbau eines Antennensystem gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform,
Fig. 4
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Antennenfeldes gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform,
Fig. 5
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Antennenfeldes gemäß einer zweiten Ausführungsform,
Fig. 6
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Antennenfeldes gemäß einer dritten Ausführungsform,
Fig. 7
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Antennenfeldes gemäß einer vierten Ausführungsform,
Fig. 8
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Antennenfeldes gemäß einer fünften Ausführungsform,
Fig. 9
eine perspektivische Ansicht eines Antennenfeldes gemäß einer sechsten Ausführungsform,
Fig. 10
einen Querschnitt durch einen Vorsprung.
Preferred embodiments are explained in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:
Fig. 1
a schematic representation of an incident sunbeam;
Fig. 2
the basic structure of an antenna system according to a first embodiment,
Fig. 3
the basic structure of an antenna system according to a second embodiment,
Fig. 4
2 shows a perspective view of an antenna field according to a first embodiment,
Fig. 5
2 shows a perspective view of an antenna field according to a second embodiment,
Fig. 6
2 shows a perspective view of an antenna field according to a third embodiment,
Fig. 7
2 shows a perspective view of an antenna field according to a fourth embodiment,
Fig. 8
2 shows a perspective view of an antenna field according to a fifth embodiment,
Fig. 9
2 shows a perspective view of an antenna field according to a sixth embodiment,
Fig. 10
a cross section through a projection.

Fig. 2 zeigt den prinzipiellen Aufbau eines Antennensystems 10 gemäß einer ersten Ausführungsform mit einem Sockelfuß 12 und einem Antennenfeld 14, das von einer Antennenhülle umgeben ist. Die Antennenhülle, welche auch als Radom bezeichnet wird, weist eine ebene Antennenfeldaußenseite auf, die nach außen in Richtung der von dem Antennenfeld zu erfassenden oder zu sendenden Strahlung weist. Die ebene Antennenfeldaußenseite ist vollständig mit einer Schutzplatte 16 bedeckt bzw. wird von einer solchen ebenen Schutzplatte 16 gebildet, wobei die Schutzplatte 16 einen oberen Rand 18, einen unteren Rand 20, einen rechten Rand 22 und einen linken Rand 24 und eine ebene, spiegelnde Schutzplattenaußenseite 26 aufweist. Fig. 2 shows the basic structure of an antenna system 10 according to a first embodiment with a base 12 and an antenna field 14 which is surrounded by an antenna shell. The antenna envelope, which is also referred to as a radome, has a flat outer surface of the antenna field, which faces outward in the direction of the radiation to be detected or transmitted by the antenna field. The flat outside of the antenna field is completely covered with a protective plate 16 or is formed by such a flat protective plate 16, the protective plate 16 having an upper edge 18, a lower edge 20, a right edge 22 and a left edge 24 and a flat, reflecting protective plate outer side 26 has.

Fig. 3 zeigt ein weiteres bekanntes Antennensystem 110 mit einem Sockelfuß 12 und einem Antennenfeld 114, das von einer Antennenhülle umgeben ist, wobei die Antennenhülle eine ebene Antennenfeldaußenseite 115 aufweist und die Antennenfeldaußenseite 115 bis auf einen umlaufenden Randabschnitt von einer Schutzplatte 16 bedeckt bzw. gebildet ist. Auch bei diesem Antennensystem 110 weist die Schutzplatte 16 einen oberen Rand 18, einen unteren Rand 20, einen rechten Rand 22 und einen linken Rand 24 sowie eine ebene, spiegelnde Schutzplattenaußenseite 26 auf. Hierbei bilden die Antennenfeldaußenseite 115 und die Oberfläche der Schutzplatte 16 eine ebene nach außen weisende Fläche. Fig. 3 shows a further known antenna system 110 with a base foot 12 and an antenna field 114, which is surrounded by an antenna sleeve, the antenna sleeve having a flat antenna field outside 115 and the antenna field outside 115 being covered or formed by a protective plate 16 except for a peripheral edge section. This one too Antenna system 110 has the protective plate 16 having an upper edge 18, a lower edge 20, a right edge 22 and a left edge 24 and a flat, reflecting protective plate outer side 26. Here, the outside of the antenna field 115 and the surface of the protective plate 16 form a flat, outwardly facing surface.

Beide Antennensysteme 10, 110 sind um ihre Längsachse drehbar, wobei hierbei eine Drehung zwischen dem Sockelfuß 12 und dem Antennenfeld erfolgt. Bei dem Antennenfeld handelt es sich um ein Phased Array Antennenfeld. Die Schutzplatten 16 bestehen jeweils aus einem Material, das für Radarwellen durchlässig ist.Both antenna systems 10, 110 can be rotated about their longitudinal axis, with a rotation taking place between the base foot 12 and the antenna field. The antenna field is a phased array antenna field. The protective plates 16 each consist of a material that is permeable to radar waves.

Bei den in den Fig. 2 und 3 dargestellten Ausführungsformen treffen Sonnenstrahlen unter allen Winkeln auf die Schutzplatte 16 und werden von der ebenen Schutzplatte 16 reflektiert. Hierbei führen Sonnenstrahlen, die unter einem großen Reflexionswinkel α, wie in Fig. 1 dargestellt, im Bereich von ungefähr 80° oder größer auf die Oberfläche der Schutzplatte 16 auftreffen, zu lichtintensiven Reflexionen, die noch in weiter Ferne beobachtet bzw. messtechnisch erfasst werden können.In the in the Fig. 2 and 3rd Embodiments shown meet sun rays at all angles on the protective plate 16 and are reflected by the flat protective plate 16. Here lead sun rays, which are at a large angle of reflection α, as in Fig. 1 shown, impinge on the surface of the protective plate 16 in the range of approximately 80 ° or larger, to form light-intensive reflections which can still be observed in the far distance or recorded by measurement technology.

Fig. 4 zeigt ein Antennenfeld 14 einer ersten Ausführungsform eines Antennensystems, das sich von der in Fig. 2 dargestellten bekannten Ausführungsform dadurch unterscheidet, dass entlang des linken Randes 24 und des rechten Randes 22 der Schutzplatte 16 auf der Schutzplatte16 ein Vorsprung 28 vorgesehen ist, der, wie Figur 4 zeigt, senkrecht zur Schutzplattenaußenseite 26 über die Schutzplattenaußenseite 26 hinausragt. Der Vorsprung 28 bildet entlang des linken Randes 24 und rechten Randes 22 zwei erste Rahmenabschnitte 30. Fig. 4 shows an antenna field 14 of a first embodiment of an antenna system that differs from that in FIG Fig. 2 known embodiment shown differs in that along the left edge 24 and the right edge 22 of the protective plate 16 on the protective plate 16, a projection 28 is provided, which, as Figure 4 shows, perpendicular to the protective plate outside 26 protrudes beyond the protective plate outside 26. The projection 28 forms two first frame sections 30 along the left edge 24 and the right edge 22.

Fig. 5 zeigt eine Weiterbildung der in Fig. 3 dargestellten Ausführungsform eines Antennensystems 110, wobei nur die Antennenfeldaußenseite 115 und die Schutzplatte 16 dargestellt sind. Bei der in Fig. 5 dargestellten zweiten Ausführungsform eines Antennenfeldes 114 ist die ebene Antennenfeldaußenseite 115 größer als die Schutzplatte 16, so dass die Schutzplatte 16 von einem von der Antennenfeldaußenseite 115 gebildeten Rand umgeben ist. Der Vorsprung 128 ist bei dieser Ausführungsform entlang des linken Randes 24 und des rechten Randes 22 der Schutzplatte 16 angrenzend an den Rand der Schutzplatte 16 auf der Antennenfeldaußenseite 115 vorgesehen. Der Vorsprung 128 ragt senkrecht zur Antennenfeldaußenseite 26 und somit senkrecht zu der Schutzplatte 16 über die Antennenfeldaußenseite 26 bzw. Schutzplatte 16 hinaus und bildet entlang des linken Randes 24 und rechten Randes 22 der Schutzplatte 16 zwei erste Rahmenabschnitte 130. Fig. 5 shows a training of the in Fig. 3 The illustrated embodiment of an antenna system 110, only the outside of the antenna field 115 and the protective plate 16 being shown. At the in Fig. 5 The illustrated second embodiment of an antenna field 114, the flat antenna field outside 115 is larger than the protective plate 16, so that the protective plate 16 is surrounded by an edge formed by the antenna field outside 115. In this embodiment, the projection 128 is provided along the left edge 24 and the right edge 22 of the protective plate 16 adjacent to the edge of the protective plate 16 on the outside of the antenna field 115. The projection 128 protrudes perpendicular to the outside of the antenna field 26 and thus perpendicular to the protective plate 16 beyond the outside of the antenna field 26 or the protective plate 16 and forms two first frame sections 130 along the left edge 24 and right edge 22 of the protective plate 16.

Die beiden ersten Rahmenabschnitte 30 und 130 sorgen dafür, dass seitlich schräg einfallende Sonnenstrahlen auf den Vorsprung treffen und somit nicht mehr auf die Oberfläche der Schutzplatte gelangen, wo sie reflektiert werden können. Der Vorsprung bildet hierdurch für seitlich schräg einfallende Sonnenstrahlen eine Beschattung.The first two frame sections 30 and 130 ensure that obliquely incident sun rays hit the projection at the side and thus no longer reach the surface of the protective plate, where they can be reflected. As a result, the projection forms shading for sun rays that come in laterally at an angle.

Fig. 6 zeigt eine dritte Ausführungsform eines Antennenfeldes 214, bei dem zusätzlich zu zwei ersten Rahmenabschnitten 230 auf dem rechten und linken Rand der Schutzplatte 16 ein zweiter Rahmenabschnitt 232 vorgesehen ist. Der Rahmenabschnitt 232 ist als Ansatz 234 ausgebildet, wobei der Ansatz 234 senkrecht zur Schutzplatte 16 über die Schutzplattenaußenseite 26 hinausragt, parallel zum linken Rand 24 und rechten Rand 22 der Schutzplatte 16 ausgerichtet ist und über den unteren Rand 20 der Schutzplatte 16 hinausragt. Fig. 6 shows a third embodiment of an antenna field 214, in which, in addition to two first frame sections 230, a second frame section 232 is provided on the right and left edge of the protective plate 16. The frame section 232 is designed as an extension 234, the extension 234 protruding perpendicularly to the protective plate 16 over the outer side 26 of the protective plate, aligned parallel to the left edge 24 and right edge 22 of the protective plate 16 and projecting beyond the lower edge 20 of the protective plate 16.

Hierbei bildet der zweite Rahmenabschnitt 232 eine Fortsetzung des ersten Rahmenabschnitts 230 und ist einstückig mit dem ersten Rahmenabschnitt 230 ausgebildet. Der Ansatz 234 weist ein freies Ende auf und der Abstand zwischen dem freien Ende des Ansatzes 234 und dem unteren Rand 20 der Schutzplatte 16 beträgt mindestens 20 cm.Here, the second frame section 232 forms a continuation of the first frame section 230 and is formed in one piece with the first frame section 230. The extension 234 has a free end and the distance between the free end of the extension 234 and the lower edge 20 of the protective plate 16 is at least 20 cm.

Bei dieser Ausführungsform wird zusätzlich die Reflexion von Sonnenstrahlen, die von oben auf die Schutzplatte 16 gelangen, verhindert.In this embodiment, the reflection of sun rays that reach the protective plate 16 from above is additionally prevented.

Fig. 7, 8 und 9 zeigen Ausschnitte weiterer Ausführungsformen eines Antennenfeldes 314, 414 und 514, die sich von der in den Fig. 4, 5 und 6 dargestellten Ausführungsform eines Antennenfeldes 14, 114, 214 dadurch unterscheiden, dass der Vorsprung 328, 428, 528 entlang des linken Randes 24, des rechten Randes 22 und des oberen Randes 18 der Schutzplatte 16 einen durchgehenden ersten Rahmenabschnitt 330; 430; 530 bildet. 7, 8 and 9 show sections of further embodiments of an antenna field 314, 414 and 514, which differ from that in FIGS Fig. 4 , 5 and 6 illustrated embodiment of an antenna field 14, 114, 214 differ in that the projection 328, 428, 528 along the left edge 24, the right edge 22 and the upper edge 18 of the protective plate 16 a continuous first frame portion 330; 430; 530 forms.

Das Vorsehen eines Vorsprungs am oberen Rand 18 der Schutzplatte 16 sorgt für eine Beschattung der Schutzplatte 16 bei Sonnenstrahlen, die von oben auf die Schutzplatte 16 treffen.The provision of a projection on the upper edge 18 of the protective plate 16 provides for shading of the protective plate 16 in the case of sun rays which strike the protective plate 16 from above.

In den Fig. 4 bis 9 weist der Vorsprung 28, 128, 228, 328, 428, 528 bzw. der Ansatz 234 einen rechteckigen Querschnitt auf.In the 4 to 9 the projection 28, 128, 228, 328, 428, 528 or the extension 234 has a rectangular cross section.

Bei nicht im Detail dargestellten Ausführungsformen eines Antennenfeldes kann der Vorsprung 28, 128, 228, 328, 428, 528 der Fig. 4 bis 9 und/oder der Ansatz 234 der Fig. 6 und 9 auch einen anderen als den dargestellten rechteckigen Querschnitt aufweisen.In embodiments of an antenna field that are not shown in detail, the projection 28, 128, 228, 328, 428, 528 of the 4 to 9 and / or approach 234 of Fig. 6 and 9 also have a different rectangular cross-section than shown.

In Fig. 10 ist ein Querschnitt durch eine alternative Ausführungsform eines Vorsprungs 328 gezeigt, bei welchem das freie Ende 340 die Form einer Parabel aufweist und der an das freie Ende 340 anschließende Basisabschnitt 342 im Querschnitt rechteckig ausgebildet ist. Die Parabel ist eine Parabel zweiten oder vierten Grades.In Fig. 10 A cross section through an alternative embodiment of a projection 328 is shown, in which the free end 340 has the shape of a parabola and the base section 342 adjoining the free end 340 is rectangular in cross section. The parabola is a second or fourth degree parabola.

Anstelle des rechteckigen Querschnitts des Basisabschnitts ist auch ein sich nach unten konisch erweiternder Basisabschnitt einsetzbar.Instead of the rectangular cross section of the base section, a base section that widens conically downward can also be used.

Bei einer Antennenfeldgröße von ca. 4 m x 8 m weist der Querschnitt des Vorsprungs üblicherweise eine Höhe von 40 bis 60 cm und an dem Endabschnitt, an dem er mit dem Antennenfeld verbunden ist, eine Breite von 4 bis 10 cm auf. Hierbei wird verhindert, dass Sonnenstrahlen mit einem Einfallswinkel von größer oder gleich 80° auf das Antennenfeld 18 gelangen.With an antenna field size of approximately 4 m × 8 m, the cross section of the projection usually has a height of 40 to 60 cm and a width of 4 to 10 cm at the end section at which it is connected to the antenna field. This prevents sun rays with an angle of incidence of greater than or equal to 80 ° from reaching the antenna field 18.

Der erste Rahmenabschnitt 30, 130, 230, 330, 430, 530 und der zweite Rahmenabschnitt 232 sowie die Schutzplatte 16 bestehen aus einem für den Wellenlängenbereich von etwa 0,4 µm bis 5,0 µm opaken Material, wie etwa einem PU-Schaum mit einer Hartpapieroberfläche. Zuletzt genanntes Material ist für die im Radar verwendeten Wellenlängen durchlässig und somit optimal für den Einsatz der Antennensysteme als Radarsysteme geeignet.The first frame section 30, 130, 230, 330, 430, 530 and the second frame section 232 and the protective plate 16 consist of a material which is opaque for the wavelength range from approximately 0.4 μm to 5.0 μm, such as a PU foam a hard paper surface. The last-mentioned material is transparent to the wavelengths used in the radar and is therefore ideally suited for the use of the antenna systems as radar systems.

Der erste Rahmenabschnitt 30, 230, 330, 530 ist bei den Ausführungsformen, bei denen der Rahmenabschnitt 30, 230, 330, 530 auf der Schutzplatte 16 angeordnet ist, mit der Schutzplatte 16 verklebt. Es versteht sich, dass auch andere dem Fachmann bekannte Verbindungstechniken eingesetzt werden können, um den ersten Rahmenabschnitt 30, 230, 330, 530 an der Schutzplatte 16 zu befestigen. Darüber hinaus können die Schutzplatte 16 und der erste Rahmenabschnitt 30, 130, 230, 330, 530 einstückig ausgebildet sein.The first frame section 30, 230, 330, 530 is glued to the protective plate 16 in the embodiments in which the frame section 30, 230, 330, 530 is arranged on the protective plate 16. It goes without saying that other connection techniques known to the person skilled in the art can also be used to fasten the first frame section 30, 230, 330, 530 to the protective plate 16. In addition, the protective plate 16 and the first frame section 30, 130, 230, 330, 530 can be formed in one piece.

Darüber hinaus ist die Oberfläche des ersten Rahmenabschnitts 30, 130, 230, 330, 430, 530 und des zweiten Rahmenabschnitts 232 an den Außenseiten, an denen Sonnenstrahlung auftreffen kann, strukturiert und matt lackiert, um spekulare Reflexionen an dem ersten Rahmenabschnitt 30, 130, 230, 330, 430, 530 und dem zweiten Rahmenabschnitt 232 zu verhindern. Die Oberflächen des ersten Rahmenabschnitts 30, 130, 230, 330, 430, 530 und des zweiten Rahmenabschnitts 232, die innen liegen und nicht den einfallenden Sonnenstrahlen ausgesetzt sind, sind glatt gestaltet.In addition, the surface of the first frame section 30, 130, 230, 330, 430, 530 and the second frame section 232 is textured and matt lacquered on the outer sides where solar radiation can strike, in order to prevent specular reflections on the first frame section 30, 130, 230, 330, 430, 530 and the second frame portion 232 to prevent. The surfaces of the first frame section 30, 130, 230, 330, 430, 530 and the second frame section 232, which lie on the inside and are not exposed to the incident sun rays, are smooth.

Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Erfindung kann der Vorsprung vollständig oder abschnittsweise entlang eines oder mehrerer Ränder ausgebildet sein. Hierbei ist nicht ausgeschlossen, dass der Vorsprung auch am unteren Rand vorgesehen sein kann.In the context of the present invention, the projection can be formed completely or in sections along one or more edges. It is not excluded here that the projection can also be provided on the lower edge.

Bei nicht dargestellten Ausführungsformen sind die Merkmale der dargestellten Ausführungsformen miteinander kombiniert, wobei einzelne Merkmale auch weggelassen werden können. So kann beispielsweise der in Fig. 6 bzw. 9 dargestellte Ansatz 234 auch bei einem Antennensystem verwendet werden, bei dem der Vorsprung auf dem Antennenfeld angeordnet ist. Hierbei kann der Ansatz eine Verlängerung eines bereits vorhandenen Rahmens sein.In embodiments that are not shown, the features of the embodiments shown are combined with one another, individual features also being able to be omitted. For example, the in Fig. 6 or approach 234 shown in FIG. 9 can also be used in an antenna system in which the projection is arranged on the antenna field. The approach can be an extension of an existing framework.

Allen Ausführungsformen ist gemeinsam, dass der erste und/oder zweite Rahmenabschnitt die Schutzplatte bezüglich schräg einfallender Sonnenstrahlen beschattet, so dass keine weit reichenden Sonnenreflexionen auftreten. Besonders vorteilhaft ist es hierbei, dass zumindest am rechten und linken Rand der Schutzplatte ein Vorsprung vorgesehen ist, da hierbei die Reflexion von den besonders störenden seitlich einfallenden Sonnenstrahlen verhindert wird. Da der erste und/oder zweite Rahmenabschnitt unmittelbar an der Schutzplatte angeordnet sind, drehen diese sich bei drehbar ausgelegten Antennensystemen mit, so dass die gewünschte Beschattung in jeder Stellung des Antennensystems gewährleistet ist.It is common to all of the embodiments that the first and / or second frame section shadows the protective plate with respect to obliquely incident sun rays, so that no far-reaching sun reflections occur. It is particularly advantageous here that a projection is provided at least on the right and left edge of the protective plate, since this prevents reflection from the particularly disruptive side-incident sun rays. Since the first and / or second frame section are arranged directly on the protective plate, they rotate along with rotatable antenna systems, so that the desired shading is ensured in any position of the antenna system.

Claims (13)

  1. Antenna system comprising at least one antenna field (14) and a flat antenna field outer face (115) which is, at least in portions, covered by a flat protective plate (16) or formed by a flat protective plate (16), the protective plate (16) having a protective plate outer face (26) with a specularly reflecting surface, an upper edge (18), a lower edge (20), a right edge (22) and a left edge (24), characterised in that at least along one edge (18, 20, 22, 24) of the protective plate (16), a projection (28; 128; 228; 328; 428; 528) is provided at least in portions, which projection protrudes beyond the outer face of the protective plate (26) perpendicularly to the outer face of the protective plate (26) and forms at least one first frame portion (30; 130; 230; 330; 430; 530), the projection (28; 128; 228; 328; 428; 528) consisting at least in portions of a material that has a lower specular reflection than the protective plate outer face (26), and in that the protective plate (16) consists of a material which is transparent to radar radiation.
  2. Antenna system according to claim 1, characterised in that the projection (28; 128; 228) is arranged on the right edge (22) and on the left edge (24) and forms two first frame portions (20; 130; 230).
  3. Antenna system according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the projection (128; 428) directly adjoins the edge of the protective plate (16).
  4. Antenna system according to either claim 1 or claim 2, characterised in that the projection (28; 228; 328; 528) is arranged on the protective plate (16).
  5. Antenna system according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the projection has a free end, the cross section of which is designed in the shape of a parabola, the parabola preferably having the shape y = a ∗ xb, where a = -2 to -10 and b = 2 or 4.
  6. Antenna system according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the cross section of the projection (28; 128; 228; 338; 438; 538) has a width of from 4 to 10 cm and/or a height of from 40 to 60 cm.
  7. Antenna system according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that a second frame portion (232) is provided, the second frame portion (232) being an extension (234) which protrudes beyond the protective plate outer face (26) perpendicularly to the protective plate outer face (26), is oriented in parallel with the left edge and/or in parallel with the right edge of the protective plate (16) and protrudes beyond the lower edge (20) of the protective plate (16).
  8. Antenna system according to claim 7, characterised in that the extension (234) has a free end and the distance between the free end of the extension (234) and the lower edge (20) of the protective plate (16) is at least 20 cm.
  9. Antenna system according to either claim 7 or claim 8, characterised in that the protective plate (16) and the first frame portion (30; 130; 230; 330; 430; 530) and/or the second frame portion (232) consist of the same material, the surface of the first frame portion (30; 130; 230; 330; 430; 530) and/or of the second frame portion (232) having a lower specular reflection, at least on the sides of the first and second frame portions that are exposed to the incident sun rays, than the protective plate (16).
  10. Antenna system according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the material of the first frame portion (30; 130; 230; 330; 430; 530) and/or of the second frame portion (232) is transparent to radar radiation.
  11. Antenna system according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the surface of the first frame portion (30; 130; 230; 330; 430; 530) and/or of the second frame portion (232) is structured and/or matt-lacquered at least on the sides of the first and second frame portion that are exposed to the incident sun rays.
  12. Antenna system according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the antenna field (16) is a phased array antenna field.
  13. Antenna system according to any of the preceding claims, characterised in that the antenna system has a base foot (12) and the antenna field (14) is rotatable about a base foot (12).
EP18168679.1A 2017-05-03 2018-04-23 Antenna system Active EP3399592B1 (en)

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DE202017102612.4U DE202017102612U1 (en) 2017-05-03 2017-05-03 antenna system

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EP3399592A1 EP3399592A1 (en) 2018-11-07
EP3399592B1 true EP3399592B1 (en) 2020-06-17

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EP18168679.1A Active EP3399592B1 (en) 2017-05-03 2018-04-23 Antenna system

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DE (1) DE202017102612U1 (en)

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
WO2002035646A1 (en) * 2000-10-26 2002-05-02 Advanced Automotive Antennas, S.L. Integrated multiservice car antenna
DE102004025647B4 (en) 2004-05-26 2008-03-27 Eads Deutschland Gmbh Device for disguising specular reflecting surfaces

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
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DE202017102612U1 (en) 2017-06-21

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