EP3398696A1 - Kühleinrichtung und -verfahren - Google Patents

Kühleinrichtung und -verfahren Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3398696A1
EP3398696A1 EP18159076.1A EP18159076A EP3398696A1 EP 3398696 A1 EP3398696 A1 EP 3398696A1 EP 18159076 A EP18159076 A EP 18159076A EP 3398696 A1 EP3398696 A1 EP 3398696A1
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EP
European Patent Office
Prior art keywords
plate
cooling
plateau
spraying
thermal
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Granted
Application number
EP18159076.1A
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English (en)
French (fr)
Other versions
EP3398696B1 (de
Inventor
Vincent Duhoux
Bruno Magnin
Daniel BELLOT
José ROCHE
Pierre AUCOUTURIER
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Constellium Neuf Brisach SAS
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Constellium Neuf Brisach SAS
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Application filed by Constellium Neuf Brisach SAS filed Critical Constellium Neuf Brisach SAS
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Classifications

    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B37/00—Control devices or methods specially adapted for metal-rolling mills or the work produced thereby
    • B21B37/74—Temperature control, e.g. by cooling or heating the rolls or the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/004—Heating the product
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0203—Cooling
    • B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
    • B21B45/0215—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes
    • B21B45/0218—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using liquid coolants, e.g. for sections, for tubes for strips, sheets, or plates
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
    • C21D1/62—Quenching devices
    • C21D1/667—Quenching devices for spray quenching
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
    • C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
    • C21D11/00—Process control or regulation for heat treatments
    • C21D11/005—Process control or regulation for heat treatments for cooling
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/002—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working by rapid cooling or quenching; cooling agents used therefor
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
    • C22F—CHANGING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF NON-FERROUS METALS AND NON-FERROUS ALLOYS
    • C22F1/00—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working
    • C22F1/04—Changing the physical structure of non-ferrous metals or alloys by heat treatment or by hot or cold working of aluminium or alloys based thereon
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B1/00—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations
    • B21B1/22—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length
    • B21B2001/225—Metal-rolling methods or mills for making semi-finished products of solid or profiled cross-section; Sequence of operations in milling trains; Layout of rolling-mill plant, e.g. grouping of stands; Succession of passes or of sectional pass alternations for rolling plates, strips, bands or sheets of indefinite length by hot-rolling
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B3/00—Rolling materials of special alloys so far as the composition of the alloy requires or permits special rolling methods or sequences ; Rolling of aluminium, copper, zinc or other non-ferrous metals
    • B21B2003/001—Aluminium or its alloys
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B45/00—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills
    • B21B45/02—Devices for surface or other treatment of work, specially combined with or arranged in, or specially adapted for use in connection with, metal-rolling mills for lubricating, cooling, or cleaning
    • B21B45/0203—Cooling
    • B21B45/0209—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants
    • B21B2045/0212—Cooling devices, e.g. using gaseous coolants using gaseous coolants
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2261/00—Product parameters
    • B21B2261/02—Transverse dimensions
    • B21B2261/04—Thickness, gauge
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2261/00—Product parameters
    • B21B2261/02—Transverse dimensions
    • B21B2261/06—Width
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2261/00—Product parameters
    • B21B2261/12—Length
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B21—MECHANICAL METAL-WORKING WITHOUT ESSENTIALLY REMOVING MATERIAL; PUNCHING METAL
    • B21B—ROLLING OF METAL
    • B21B2261/00—Product parameters
    • B21B2261/20—Temperature

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of rolling plates or trays made of aluminum alloys. More specifically, the invention relates to a particularly rapid, homogeneous and reproducible cooling process of the plate between the homogenization and hot rolling operations. The invention also relates to the installation or equipment for implementing said method.
  • the transformation of the aluminum alloy rolling trays resulting from the casting requires, before hot rolling, a metallurgical homogenization heat treatment.
  • This heat treatment is operated at a temperature close to the solvus of the alloy, higher than the hot rolling temperature.
  • the difference between the homogenization temperature and the hot rolling temperature is between 30 and 150 ° C, depending on the alloys.
  • the plate must therefore be cooled between its exit from the homogenization furnace and its hot rolling.
  • This desired plate cooling rate is between 150 and 500 ° C / h.
  • the air cooling is particularly slow: the air cooling rate of a 600 mm plate of air thickness is included between 40 ° C / h in calm air or under natural convection, and 100 ° C / h in ventilated air or forced convection. Air cooling therefore does not achieve the desired cooling rates.
  • the cooling by means of a liquid or a mist is much faster because the value of the exchange coefficient, known to those skilled in the art as the HTC (Heat Transfer Coefficient), between a liquid or a mist and the hot surface of the metal plate is well above the value of the same coefficient between the air and the plate.
  • the liquid chosen alone or in the mist is for example water and, in this case, ideally deionized water.
  • the coefficient HTC is between 2000 and 20000 W / (m 2 .K) between water and the hot plate while it is between 10 and 30 W / (m 2 .K) between air and the hot tray.
  • the subject of the invention is a method of cooling an aluminum alloy rolling plate of typical dimensions of 250 to 800 mm in thickness, 1000 to 2000 mm in width and 2000 to 8000 mm in length, after the heat treatment.
  • metallurgical homogenization of said platen at a temperature typically between 450 to 600 ° C depending on the alloys and before its hot rolling, characterized in that the cooling, a value of 30 to 150 ° C, is carried out at a speed of from 150 to 500 ° C / h, with a thermal difference of less than 40 ° C over the entire cooled plate from its homogenization temperature.
  • thermal difference is meant the maximum difference between temperatures recorded over the entire volume of the tray, or DTmax.
  • the cooling is carried out in at least two phases: A first spraying phase during which the plate is cooled in an enclosure comprising nozzle or nozzle nozzles for liquid spraying or cooling cooling mist, distributed in the upper and lower parts of said cell, so as to spray the two large faces, upper and lower of said plateau, A complementary phase of thermal uniformization in calm air, in a tunnel with reflective interior walls, lasting from 2 to 30 minutes according to the format of the plate and the value of the cooling. Typically, this time is about 30 minutes for a total cooling of the order of 150 ° C from substantially 500 ° C, and a few minutes for a cooling of the order of 30 ° C.
  • the phases of spraying and thermal uniformization are repeated, in the case of very thick trays and for overall average cooling greater than 80 ° C.
  • the coolant including in a mist, is water, and preferably deionized water.
  • the head and foot of the tray are less cooled than the rest of the tray, so as to maintain a head and a warm foot, a configuration favorable to the plate engagement during reversible hot rolling.
  • the cooling of the head and the foot can be modulated either by starting or extinguishing the nozzle or spray nozzles or by the presence of screens preventing or reducing the spray by said nozzles or nozzles.
  • the sprinkling phases, and not thermal uniformization can be repeated, and the head and the foot of the tray, is typically 300 to 600 mm at the ends, cooled differently than the rest of the tray at least in a spraying cells.
  • the first spraying pass is performed with a zero heel, or a continuous watering of the tray as in figure 14 followed, without first thermal uniformization phase, with a second spraying pass with a bead of a pair of ramps as figure 12 , thereby significantly reducing the duration of the final phase of uniformization necessary for the thermal balancing of the plate.
  • the longitudinal thermal uniformity of the plate is improved by a relative movement of the plate with respect to the spraying system: deflected or back and forth from the plate facing a fixed spraying system or vice versa, displacement of the nozzles or nozzles relative to the plate.
  • the tray scrolls horizontally in the spray cell and its running speed is greater than or equal to 20 mm / s, ie 1.2 m / min.
  • the transverse thermal uniformity of the plate is ensured by modulation of the spray in the width of the plate by ignition / extinction of nozzles or nozzles, or screening of said spray.
  • the plate is cooled in an enclosure comprising nozzles or spray nozzles for liquid or mist cooling under pressure, typically water and preferably deionized.
  • the nozzles or nozzles are distributed in the upper and lower parts of said cell, so as to spray the two large faces, upper and lower, of the tray.
  • the option of a parade method limits the risk of hot spots related to the contacts between the plate and its support, usually consisting of cylindrical or conical rollers.
  • the average cooling of the plateau ( ⁇ Tmoy plateau) is controlled by the duration of spray seen by each section of the plateau. During this phase, the plateau is thermally very heterogeneous in its thickness, due to a high value of the Biot number.
  • the spraying phase is therefore designed to limit the thermal heterogeneities in the three directions of the plate.
  • the invention makes it particularly possible to control the thermal profiles in the cross direction and in the long direction of the plate, which is very appreciable since possible thermal gradients along these two large dimensions would be difficult to absorb in a short time.
  • the invention can also be adapted to absolute values of high cooling.
  • the average cooling of the desired plateau is greater than typically 80 ° C, it is possible to cycle several times all the phases “spraying” and “uniformization”, reducing each cycle “spraying-standardization” the average temperature of a very thick plate.
  • the method thus described ensures rapid and controlled cooling of a thick plate, in particular a rolling plate, made of aluminum alloy. It is also robust and avoids the known risks of local overcooling.
  • the machine, or cooling system itself consists of at least one spraying cell, typically horizontal to the parade, on the one hand and, on the other hand, at least one thermal uniformization tunnel.
  • the spraying cell allows the implementation of phase 1 of the method described above.
  • the plate On leaving the spraying cell, the plate is transferred, for example by means of automatic trolleys, into one or more tunnel (s) of uniformity.
  • the aim of the tunnel is to minimize the heat transfer between the plateau and the air, which is favorable to a better thermal uniformity of the plateau.
  • This thermal uniformization takes place by diffusion of heat in the tray, the core warming the surfaces of the tray.
  • the uniformization tunnel consists of vertical walls and a roof in an ideally reflective material on the inside of the tunnel. It avoids drafts around the tray, ensuring the absence of heat transfer by forced convection. In addition, it reduces natural convection heat transfer and limits radiative transfer if the walls are reflective.
  • the machine or cooling system composed of the spraying cell and the uniformization tunnel is controlled by a thermal model coded on the automaton of the machine.
  • the thermal model determines the settings of the machine according to the temperature at the start of the spray cell, or inlet temperature, and depending on the target output temperature, usually the rolling temperature.
  • Example 1 Uniform cooling of 40 ° C of an alloy plate AA3104 type.
  • the plateau surface temperature drops to about 320 ° C, while the core of the plateau remains almost isothermal during the spraying phase. Then, by diffusion of heat between the heart and the surface, the heart gives up heat to the surface, the plate becomes thermally uniform.
  • the thermal gap in the plateau (DTmax) is maximum at the end of the spraying phase, its value is 280 ° C for this configuration. It reduces rapidly when the sprinkling stops: in 6 minutes of waiting (transfer and then uniformization in the tunnel), the thermal deviation DTmax is reduced to less than 40 ° C.
  • Example 2 135 ° C uniform cooling of an alloy plate AA6016 type.
  • the surface temperature of the tray drops to about 60 ° C.
  • the core of the plate remains almost isothermal during the first phase of spraying and then cools during the second phase of spraying. Then, by diffusion of heat between the heart and the surface, the heart gives up heat to the surface, the plate becomes thermally uniform.
  • the thermal gap in the plateau (DTmax) is maximum at the end of each of the sprinkling phases, its value is 470 ° C for this configuration. It is reduced rapidly when the sprinkling of the plateau ceases: the temperature difference DTmax plateau is 55 ° C after 13 minutes waiting in the tunnel and becomes less than 40 ° C after 23 minutes spent in the tunnel.
  • Example 3 uniform cooling of 125 ° C of an alloy of the AA6016-type tray.
  • Example 3 shows that the judicious choice of watering heels makes it possible to significantly reduce the uniformization time after spraying.
  • the choice of heels may be different from one pass to another.
  • the heel chosen in the first pass wins to be opposite to the heel chosen in the second pass.
  • a first pass with a zero heel (continuous watering of the plate) followed by a second pass with a heel of a pair of ramps can significantly reduce the uniformization time required for the thermal balancing of the plate.

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Thermal Sciences (AREA)
  • Metallurgy (AREA)
  • Organic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Metal Rolling (AREA)
  • Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
  • Continuous Casting (AREA)
  • Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
  • Compounds Of Alkaline-Earth Elements, Aluminum Or Rare-Earth Metals (AREA)
  • Fertilizers (AREA)
EP18159076.1A 2014-07-23 2015-07-10 Kühleinrichtung und -verfahren Active EP3398696B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (3)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1401679A FR3024058B1 (fr) 2014-07-23 2014-07-23 Procede et equipement de refroidissement
EP15753101.3A EP3171996B1 (de) 2014-07-23 2015-07-10 Kühleinrichtung und -verfahren
PCT/FR2015/051915 WO2016012691A1 (fr) 2014-07-23 2015-07-10 Procédé et équipement de refroidissement

Related Parent Applications (3)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
PCT/FR2015/051915 Previously-Filed-Application WO2016012691A1 (fr) 2014-07-23 2015-07-10 Procédé et équipement de refroidissement
EP15753101.3A Division-Into EP3171996B1 (de) 2014-07-23 2015-07-10 Kühleinrichtung und -verfahren
EP15753101.3A Division EP3171996B1 (de) 2014-07-23 2015-07-10 Kühleinrichtung und -verfahren

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3398696A1 true EP3398696A1 (de) 2018-11-07
EP3398696B1 EP3398696B1 (de) 2021-05-12

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ID=51610169

Family Applications (2)

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EP15753101.3A Active EP3171996B1 (de) 2014-07-23 2015-07-10 Kühleinrichtung und -verfahren
EP18159076.1A Active EP3398696B1 (de) 2014-07-23 2015-07-10 Kühleinrichtung und -verfahren

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EP15753101.3A Active EP3171996B1 (de) 2014-07-23 2015-07-10 Kühleinrichtung und -verfahren

Country Status (14)

Country Link
US (2) US10130980B2 (de)
EP (2) EP3171996B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6585155B2 (de)
KR (1) KR102336948B1 (de)
CN (1) CN106661648B (de)
BR (1) BR112017000205B1 (de)
CA (1) CA2954711C (de)
DE (1) DE15753101T1 (de)
FR (1) FR3024058B1 (de)
MX (1) MX2017000483A (de)
RU (1) RU2676272C2 (de)
SA (1) SA517380746B1 (de)
TW (1) TWI593476B (de)
WO (1) WO2016012691A1 (de)

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JP6208389B1 (ja) * 2016-07-14 2017-10-04 株式会社Uacj 曲げ加工性及び耐リジング性に優れたアルミニウム合金からなる成形加工用アルミニウム合金圧延材の製造方法
KR102205154B1 (ko) * 2016-10-19 2021-01-20 닛폰세이테츠 가부시키가이샤 열연 강판의 냉각 방법 및 냉각 장치
CN108237182A (zh) * 2016-12-27 2018-07-03 天津市升发科技股份有限公司 一种铝型材冷却装置
DE102017127470A1 (de) 2017-11-21 2019-05-23 Sms Group Gmbh Kühlbalken und Kühlprozess mit variabler Abkühlrate für Stahlbleche
CN108225031A (zh) * 2017-12-30 2018-06-29 苏州博能炉窑科技有限公司 一种大型均热炉的汽化冷却设备
FR3076837B1 (fr) 2018-01-16 2020-01-03 Constellium Neuf-Brisach Procede de fabrication de toles minces en alliage d'aluminium 6xxx a haute qualite de surface
US11466351B2 (en) 2018-05-15 2022-10-11 Novells Inc. F* and W temper aluminum alloy products and methods of making the same
KR102479197B1 (ko) * 2018-06-13 2022-12-20 노벨리스 인크. 압연 후에 금속 스트립을 담금질하는 시스템 및 방법
EP3825019B1 (de) * 2018-09-19 2023-06-14 Nippon Steel Corporation Kühlvorrichtung für heissgewalztes stahlblech und kühlverfahren von heissgewalztem stahlblech
EP3666915A1 (de) 2018-12-11 2020-06-17 Constellium Neuf Brisach Verfahren zur herstellung von aluminium magnesium silicium legierungen mit guter oberflächequalität
EP3808466A1 (de) * 2019-10-16 2021-04-21 Primetals Technologies Germany GmbH Kühleinrichtung mit kühlmittelstrahlen mit hohlem querschnitt
EP3842561B1 (de) 2019-12-23 2022-08-17 Novelis Koblenz GmbH Verfahren zur herstellung eines walzprodukts aus aluminiumlegierung
FR3112297B1 (fr) 2020-07-07 2024-02-09 Constellium Neuf Brisach Procédé et équipement de refroidissement sur un Laminoir réversible à chaud
MX2022014448A (es) 2020-06-04 2023-01-05 Constellium Neuf Brisach Metodo y equipo de enfriamiento en un laminador reversible en caliente.
FR3124196B1 (fr) 2021-06-17 2023-09-22 Constellium Neuf Brisach Bande en alliage 6xxx et procédé de fabrication
CN113432439B (zh) * 2021-07-29 2022-09-06 东北大学 一种铝电解槽停止运作后的冷却方法
FR3129408B1 (fr) 2021-11-25 2024-10-25 Constellium Muscle Shoals Llc Bande en alliage 6xxx et procédé de fabrication
FR3134119A1 (fr) 2022-04-02 2023-10-06 Constellium Neuf-Brisach Tôle en alliage 6xxx de recyclage et procédé de fabrication
CN116042969A (zh) * 2022-12-29 2023-05-02 东北轻合金有限责任公司 一种用于铝合金铸锭的冷却装置及其使用方法
FR3144624A1 (fr) 2022-12-31 2024-07-05 Constellium Neuf-Brisach Procédé de fabrication d’une tôle en alliage 6xxx avec une excellente qualité de surface.
FR3147572A1 (fr) 2023-04-07 2024-10-11 Constellium Neuf-Brisach Echangeur de chaleur à base d’un alliage d’aluminium

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KR102336948B1 (ko) 2021-12-09
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WO2016012691A1 (fr) 2016-01-28
MX2017000483A (es) 2017-07-28
US20170189949A1 (en) 2017-07-06
RU2017105464A3 (de) 2018-11-29
SA517380746B1 (ar) 2021-04-15
TWI593476B (zh) 2017-08-01
RU2676272C2 (ru) 2018-12-27
JP6585155B2 (ja) 2019-10-02
EP3171996B1 (de) 2018-04-11
JP2017521260A (ja) 2017-08-03
CN106661648A (zh) 2017-05-10
EP3171996A1 (de) 2017-05-31
BR112017000205A2 (pt) 2017-10-31
FR3024058A1 (fr) 2016-01-29
US20180236514A1 (en) 2018-08-23
DE15753101T1 (de) 2017-07-27
US10130980B2 (en) 2018-11-20
CN106661648B (zh) 2020-01-07
EP3398696B1 (de) 2021-05-12
KR20170039166A (ko) 2017-04-10
TW201622843A (zh) 2016-07-01
CA2954711A1 (fr) 2016-01-28
FR3024058B1 (fr) 2016-07-15

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