Classifications

• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D7/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
  • F28D7/16—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation
  • F28D7/1684—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section
  • F28D7/1692—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary tubular conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits being arranged in parallel spaced relation the conduits having a non-circular cross-section with particular pattern of flow of the heat exchange media, e.g. change of flow direction
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B39/00—Evaporators; Condensers
  • F25B39/04—Condensers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
  • F28D9/0062—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by spaced plates with inserted elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28D—HEAT-EXCHANGE APPARATUS, NOT PROVIDED FOR IN ANOTHER SUBCLASS, IN WHICH THE HEAT-EXCHANGE MEDIA DO NOT COME INTO DIRECT CONTACT
  • F28D9/00—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall
  • F28D9/0081—Heat-exchange apparatus having stationary plate-like or laminated conduit assemblies for both heat-exchange media, the media being in contact with different sides of a conduit wall the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being formed by a single plate-like element ; the conduits for one heat-exchange medium being integrated in one single plate-like element
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
  • F28F1/02—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular
  • F28F1/022—Tubular elements of cross-section which is non-circular with multiple channels
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
  • F28F1/08—Tubular elements crimped or corrugated in longitudinal section
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
  • F28F3/08—Elements constructed for building-up into stacks, e.g. capable of being taken apart for cleaning
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
  • F28F9/001—Casings in the form of plate-like arrangements; Frames enclosing a heat exchange core
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F9/00—Casings; Header boxes; Auxiliary supports for elements; Auxiliary members within casings
  • F28F9/02—Header boxes; End plates
  • F28F9/0219—Arrangements for sealing end plates into casing or header box; Header box sub-elements
  • F28F9/0221—Header boxes or end plates formed by stacked elements
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
  • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
  • F25B2339/044—Condensers with an integrated receiver
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
  • F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
  • F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
  • F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
  • F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F1/00—Tubular elements; Assemblies of tubular elements
  • F28F1/10—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses
  • F28F1/12—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element
  • F28F1/126—Tubular elements and assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with projections, with recesses the means being only outside the tubular element consisting of zig-zag shaped fins
  • F28F1/128—Fins with openings, e.g. louvered fins
• • F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
  • F28—HEAT EXCHANGE IN GENERAL
  • F28F—DETAILS OF HEAT-EXCHANGE AND HEAT-TRANSFER APPARATUS, OF GENERAL APPLICATION
  • F28F3/00—Plate-like or laminated elements; Assemblies of plate-like or laminated elements
  • F28F3/02—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations
  • F28F3/025—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements
  • F28F3/027—Elements or assemblies thereof with means for increasing heat-transfer area, e.g. with fins, with recesses, with corrugations the means being corrugated, plate-like elements with openings, e.g. louvered corrugated fins; Assemblies of corrugated strips

Definitions

• Heat exchanger in particular for a motor vehicle
• the invention relates to the field of heat exchangers in particular able to act as condensers.
• the heat exchanger can in particular be used as a condenser, more specifically as a water condenser and is commonly referred to as "water condenser" in English.
• a first fluid such as a refrigerant can enter the heat exchanger in the form of gas, such as carbon dioxide designated CO 2 or other refrigerants such as 1,1,1, 2-tetrafluoroethane known in particular in the industrial nomenclature under the symbol R-134a or 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene known under the acronym R-1234yf.
• a second fluid such as liquid, in particular a brine mixture, is intended to pass through the heat exchanger to cool the cooling fluid by condensation.
• These heat exchangers can in particular be heat exchangers assembled by soldering.
• a fluid reservoir in particular a refrigerant fluid, also called a "bottle"
• a heat exchanger such as a condenser in an air conditioning loop.
• the condensed coolant is received and maintained in a liquid state within the reservoir.
• the tank has the function of separating the liquid and gaseous phases of the refrigerant fluid in order to let out only the coolant in its liquid state. Such a tank thus makes it possible to guarantee that, at the outlet, the refrigerant fluid is completely in the liquid phase.
• This tank can be connected to the output of the heat exchanger able to act as a condenser, hereinafter referred to as "condenser".
• This reservoir is in fluid communication with the condenser.
• the tank usually comprises an inlet port into which the condensed refrigerant fluid from the condenser opens.
• the reservoir is generally also used for the purpose of sub-cooling the refrigerant, that is to say, to lower the temperature of the fluid, used in the air conditioning loop, below the saturation temperature corresponding to the defined condensing pressure.
• This subcooling process is a known process in the prior art.
• the reservoir may comprise an outlet orifice which opens into a section of the condenser, so as to subject the liquid coolant an additional passage, said subcooling.
• the reservoir can also be used to filter the fluid present in the cold loop, thus preventing particles, having a size greater than a predetermined threshold value, from circulating within the air conditioning loop. Additional functionality is still to absorb moisture through the presence of a material such as a suitable gel, or dehydrating means or a desiccator. The refrigerant fluid free of moisture can then circulate in the air conditioning loop.
• Yet another problem is related to the use of a refrigerant such as CO 2 under a very high pressure, generally greater than 100 bar, with a burst pressure which can reach for example up to 340 bars, which implies that the heat exchangers must withstand such high pressures.
• the present invention aims to improve the solutions of the state of the art and at least partially solve the disadvantages described above by providing a simple heat exchanger to achieve and having a small footprint while allowing to connect simply and following different positions a fluid reservoir with heat exchanger.
• the subject of the invention is a heat exchanger, in particular for a motor vehicle, for a heat exchange between at least a first fluid and a second fluid, said exchanger being able to act as a condenser and comprising a beam of heat exchange with a plurality of heat exchange tubes comprising circulation channels: intended to be traversed by the first fluid and
• a fluid reservoir capable of separating the gas phase and the liquid phase from the first condensed fluid.
• the heat exchange tubes include:
• Circulating channels for condensing the first fluid defining a condensing zone of the heat exchange bundle
• Circulating channels for subcooling the first condensed fluid defining a subcooling zone of the heat exchange bundle
• the heat exchanger comprises a stack of frames, at least some of said frameworks for receiving the heat exchange tubes are adapted to receive the heat exchange tubes and are respectively shaped to separate the condensation zone and the zone of subcooling the heat exchange bundle, and
• At least one fluidic connection frame is shaped so as to put in fluidic communication the reservoir
• the heat exchanger thus makes it possible to define in a simple manner a distinct condensation zone and a subcooling zone of the heat exchange bundle.
• such a heat exchanger can be connected to, and is preferably equipped with a fluid reservoir to separate the gas phase from the liquid phase of the refrigerant fluid before subcooling.
• the specific design of the fluidic connection frame allows fluid communication between the distinct condensing and subcooling zones of the heat exchange bundle with the tank.
• the fluid having traveled the traffic channels for the condensation flows to the tank, and the fluid leaving the tank flows to the circulation channels for subcooling.
• the condensed fluid leaving the condensing zone necessarily flows to the reservoir before a new so-called subcooling passage in the subcooling zone of the heat exchange bundle.
• the frames designate a part, or an assembly of parts, which can be rigid, delimiting a closed space or not. In this space can be positioned, in our example, heat exchange tubes.
• the heat exchange bundle which comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes, is distinct from the frames.
• each receiving frame of the heat exchange tubes is configured to receive both circulation channels for condensation and circulation channels for subcooling defined by the heat exchange tubes. so that the condensing zone of the heat exchange bundle and the sub-cooling zone of the heat exchange bundle are arranged side by side and without direct fluid communication with each other.
• the same frame is shaped to receive both channels of the two zones of condensation and subcooling of the heat exchange beam while preventing fluid communication within this frame between these two areas.
• the frames designate a part, or an assembly of parts, which can be rigid, delimiting a central space. In this central space can be positioned, in our example, heat exchange tubes.
• the heat exchange bundle which comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes, is distinct from the frames.
• the frames for receiving the exchange tubes each heat exchange tube comprises on the one hand circulation channels for the condensation of the first fluid, and on the other hand circulation channels for the sub-unit. cooling the first condensed fluid.
• the same heat exchange tube defines both channels for the condensation zone and for the subcooling zone.
• the heat exchange tube may not have circulation channels at the separation between the two zones of condensation and subcooling.
• This heat exchange tube is for example an extruded tube.
• the receiving frames of the heat exchange tubes have respectively opposite each end of the heat exchange tube that it receives, at least one separation portion arranged between the circulation channels for the condensation of the first fluid and the circulation channels for subcooling the first condensed fluid, so as to prevent fluid communication between the circulation channels for condensation and for subcooling.
• the heat exchange bundle comprises: at least a first row of first heat exchange tubes comprising the circulation channels for the condensation of the first fluid, and at least a second row of second tubes of heat exchange comprising the circulation channels for subcooling the first condensed fluid, and
• the receiving frames of the heat exchange tubes are respectively able to receive at least two heat exchange tubes including a first heat exchange tube of the first row and a second heat exchange tube of the second row.
• the heat exchange bundle comprises as many first heat exchange tubes as second heat exchange tubes.
• each frame for receiving the tubes heat exchange comprises at least one separation wall disposed between the first heat exchange tube and the second heat exchange tube, so as to prevent fluid communication between the two heat exchange tubes received in the same frame.
• the partition wall extends over the entire length of the heat exchange tubes.
• the reception frames of the heat exchange tubes have a thickness at least equal to the thickness of the heat exchange tubes, in the stacking direction of said frames, this allowing the maintenance of the heat exchange tubes in the respective frames before superposition of the different frames.
• portion or partition of the receiving frames of said tubes also have a thickness at least equal to the thickness of said tubes, this preventing fluid communication between the circulation channels for condensation and those for the subcooling defined by said tubes.
• the heat exchanger comprises at least one manifold of the first fluid defining an inlet for the first fluid in the heat exchange bundle and an outlet of the first fluid out of the heat exchange bundle
• the receiving frames of the heat exchange tubes respectively comprise:
• the means for placing in fluid communication provided on the first frames make it possible to collect the first fluid and to distribute it in the heat exchange tubes held in these first frames. It is no longer necessary to collectors on each side of the tubes as in the known solutions of the prior art.
• the fluidic communication means are made in the form of recesses of the first frames in which the ends of the heat exchange tubes open, and arranged in fluid communication with the manifold of the first fluid.
• the receiving frames of the heat exchange tubes respectively comprise lateral edges extending substantially perpendicularly to the direction of the circulation channels for the first fluid, and wherein at least one of said lateral edges has the means for setting in fluid communication.
• the heat exchanger comprises a fluid reservoir fixed to the heat exchange bundle.
• the tank then forms a unitary system with the heat exchanger.
• the heat exchanger comprises a flange for fixing the reservoir to the heat exchange bundle, and the fluidic connection frame is shaped so as to put in fluid communication the tank and the circulation channels. for condensation on the one hand, and the circulation channels for subcooling on the other hand, via the fixing flange.
• the fixing flange comprises:
• an introduction channel of the first condensed fluid from the circulation channels for condensing arranged in fluid communication with an inlet port of the reservoir
• an evacuation channel of the first fluid after phase separation towards the circulation channels for subcooling arranged in fluid communication with an outlet of the reservoir.
• the fluidic connection frame is shaped with a predefined number of teeth separated by notches for putting in fluid communication the reservoir and the circulation channels for condensation on the one hand and the circulation channels for subcooling on the other hand.
• the fluidic connection frame comprises at least one edge on which at least one heat exchange tube end rests and having a solid part, said edge is shaped so as to:
• the solid portion is devoid of means for setting fluid communication.
• the solid portion of the fluidic connection frame has a width at least equal to the width of the separation portion of the heat exchange tube receiving frames which are arranged in the heat exchange bundle elsewhere than 'vis-à-vis the tank and / or the mounting flange.
• the heat exchanger comprises an alternating stack of:
• second frames respectively defining at least one second circulation channel for the second fluid, the second frames having:
• the heat exchanger thus comprises a stack of simple elements, namely frames and heat exchange tubes in which the first fluid circulates, such as a refrigerant, inserted in the first frames and between which flows the second fluid. such as coolant.
• the means for placing in fluid communication provided on the second frames make it possible to collect the second fluid and to distribute it between the heat exchange tubes. This provides a great flexibility of arrangement of the manifold of the first fluid and the inlet and outlet pipes for the second fluid.
• the various superimposed frames make it possible to create the flow path of the first refrigerant fluid, when the frames are assembled, for example by soldering, and likewise, the various superposed frames make it possible to create the flow path of the cooling liquid, in particular over two opposite sides of the heat exchange bundle.
• the heat exchanger can be used for the circulation of at least one high pressure fluid, in particular with a pressure greater than 100 bar, for example the first fluid is a refrigerant fluid intended to circulate at high pressure such as C0 2 .
• Such a heat exchanger has a better mechanical strength compared to the solutions of the prior art and very good resistance to high pressures, especially when a type C0 2 refrigerant fluid is used.
• the second frames have a portion devoid of guides for the passage of the first fluid, arranged between the guides for the passage of the first fluid to be condensed on the one hand and the guides for the passage of the first fluid. condensed.
• the portion devoid of guides for the passage the first fluid provided on the second frames has a width at least equal to the width of the solid portion of the fluid coupling frame arranged vis-à-vis the tank and / or the fastening flange.
• the heat exchanger comprises at least one inlet pipe and an outlet pipe for the second fluid, and the second frames respectively have means for placing in fluid communication between the second circulation channel and the drains. input and output for the second fluid.
• the means for placing in fluid communication the second frames are made in the form of through openings opening respectively on the inside of a second frame.
• the second frames respectively have at least two handles delimiting the through openings for fluidic communication, with a first loop arranged in fluid communication with the inlet manifold and a second loop arranged in fluid communication with the tubing. exit.
• the first frames have guides for the passage of the second fluid arranged in alignment with the through openings for fluidic communication of the second frames.
• FIG. 1 is a partial perspective view of a heat exchanger comprising a heat exchange bundle and a fluid reservoir according to a first variant, showing in partial section an end of the bundle in the stacking direction of the bundle;
• FIG. 2a is a partial perspective view of the heat exchanger of FIG. 1;
• FIG. 2b is a partial perspective view of the heat exchanger according to a second variant
• FIG. 3a is a partial perspective view of the heat exchanger of FIG. 1 showing a heat exchange bundle comprising two rows of heat exchange tubes;
• FIG. 3b is an exploded partial view of the heat exchange bundle and a fixing flange of the heat exchanger of FIG. 3a;
• FIG. 4 is a partial perspective view of a heat exchanger comprising a heat exchange bundle with a row of heat exchange tubes
• FIG. 5 schematically represents a first frame of the heat exchange bundle receiving a single heat exchange tube
• FIG. 6 schematically represents a first frame of the heat exchange bundle receiving two heat exchange tubes
• FIG. 7 schematically represents a second frame of the heat exchange bundle
• FIG. 8 is a first enlarged view of a part of FIG. 3a showing the fluid connection between the fixing flange and the heat exchange bundle
• FIG. 9 is a still enlarged view of FIG. 8 showing the fluidic connection between the fixing flange and the heat exchange bundle and on which one of the heat exchange tubes of the heat exchange bundle resting on one side has been removed; a specific fluidic connection frame, and
• FIG. 10 schematically shows a specific frame of the heat exchange bundle for the fluid connection with the fluid reservoir.
• substantially identical elements have the same references.
• the invention relates to a heat exchanger 1, in particular for a motor vehicle, for a heat exchange between at least a first fluid and a second fluid.
• the first fluid can enter the heat exchanger 1 in gaseous form and the second fluid in liquid form.
• the heat exchanger 1 has at least partially, that is to say on at least some elements or parts, a coating intended to melt to ensure the joining of elements of the heat exchanger 1 and sealing during assembly by brazing.
• the heat exchanger 1 according to the invention is particularly suitable for the circulation of at least one fluid having a high operating pressure, in particular greater than 100 bar.
• the first fluid is a refrigerant fluid intended to circulate at a high temperature.
• pressure such as C0 2 , also referred to as R744 according to the industrial nomenclature.
• refrigerants such as 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane or 2,3,3,3-tetrafluoropropene known under the acronym R-1234yf, respectively known in the industrial nomenclature by RI 34a or R-1234yf.
• the heat exchanger 1 is particularly suitable for acting as a condenser, in particular a water condenser, in which the cooling fluid such as CO 2 is cooled by a second fluid, for example in liquid form, such as a cooling liquid comprising a mixture of glycol water.
• the heat exchanger 1 comprises a heat exchange bundle 3 for the heat exchange between the first fluid and the second fluid.
• the heat exchange bundle 3 has a generally parallelepipedal shape.
• the heat exchanger 1, and more particularly the heat exchange bundle 3 may be configured for circulation in at least two passes of one of the two fluids, in particular the second fluid as will be described in more detail thereafter.
• the heat exchange bundle 3 comprises a plurality of heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53.
• the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 are described in more detail below.
• Heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 are stacked so as to define alternately first circulation channels 7 for the first fluid in the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 and second circulation channels 9 for the second fluid between the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53.
• Turbulators 11 (see FIGS. 1 and 3b) of the flow of the second fluid are advantageously arranged in the second circulation channels 9, thus improving the heat exchange between the two fluids.
• the turbulators 11 may be carried by a separate element of the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 as illustrated in Figures 1 and 3.
• the turbulators 11 are for example of substantially crenellated shape, forming projections in the second circulation channels 9.
• the slots can be made by stamping.
• turbulators 11 may be formed on the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53, for example by deformations such as corrugations of the heat exchange tubes 5 which protrude into the second circulation channels 9 for the second fluid.
• Interlayers are advantageously arranged between the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53, and define the pitch between the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53.
• the heat exchange bundle 3 comprises a stack of frames 13, 15, 16.
• the stacking of the various frames 13, 15, 16 is made substantially vertically here. .
• the heat exchange bundle 3 comprises an alternating stack of first frames 13 and second frames 15.
• At least some second frames 15 form the spacers, these spacer frames 15 are arranged between two first frames 13 for receiving the heat exchange tubes 5, thus defining the pitch between two stages of heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53.
• Each first frame 13 is able to receive a heat exchange tube 5 or several heat exchange tubes 51, 53, and this assembly forms a stage of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the first frames 13 can be designated by tube frames.
• Each second frame 15 can receive turbulators 11 and this assembly forms another stage of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• first frames 13 and the second frames 15 are described in more detail below.
• the heat exchange bundle 3 further comprises at least one specific frame called fluidic connection 16 visible in Figures 3a to 4, as described below.
• closure plates 17, 18 in particular at least one lower closure plate 17 and at least one upper closure plate 18, can be arranged on either side of the stacking of the first frames 13 and the second frames 15, so as to close the heat exchange bundle 3.
• Each closure plate 17 or 18 is therefore arranged at one end of the heat exchange bundle 3 in the stacking direction of the various elements, in particular the various frames 13, 15, 16, of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the closing plates 17, 18 are arranged at the ends in the direction of the height of the heat exchange bundle 3, which corresponds here to a substantially vertical axis in the state mounted heat exchanger 1 in a motor vehicle for example.
• the heat exchanger 1 furthermore comprises at least one manifold 19 of the first fluid arranged in fluid communication with the first circulation channels 7,
• the manifold 19 is, according to the illustrated example, arranged on the bottom closure plate 17 disposed at the bottom of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the manifold 19 of the first fluid defines an inlet 19A for the first fluid in the heat exchange bundle 3 and an outlet 19B of the first fluid out of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the heat exchanger 1 further comprises at least two inlet and fluid outlet pipes 21 for introducing and evacuating the second fluid.
• the two pipes 21 are arranged in opposite directions on either side of the stack of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• a first pipe 21 is arranged on the upper closure plate 18 while the other pipe 21 is arranged on the lower closure plate 17 and therefore on the same closure plate as the manifold 19 for the first fluid.
• the manifold 19 can be arranged on one side of the heat exchange bundle 3 and the tubes 21 can be arranged on the other side of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the manifold 19 is arranged on the right while the pipes 21 are arranged on the left.
• the pipes 21 are for example of substantially cylindrical shape, and extend longitudinally in the direction of the height of the heat exchange bundle 3, in other words in the stacking direction different elements, including different frames 13, 15, 16, the heat exchange bundle 3, here along a substantially vertical axis in the mounted state in the motor vehicle.
• the heat exchanger 1 able to act as a condenser further comprises a reservoir 22 for phase separation of the first fluid after condensation.
• This tank 22 described in more detail below is for example fixed to the heat exchange bundle 3 via a fastening flange 24.
• the tank 22 could be offset from the heat exchange bundle 3 by being fluidly connected to the heat exchange bundle 3.
• Heat exchange tubes
• Heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 are preferably made by extrusion.
• Heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 can be made in the form of flat tubes, advantageous in terms of size.
• Flat tubes 5; 51, 53 have a generally rectangular general shape, with a length for example of the order of 32 mm and a thickness of 1 'order of millimeter.
• the thickness is here considered in the direction of the height of the heat exchange bundle 3, we can also speak of the height of the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53.
• the thickness is considered in the stacking direction of the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53.
• the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 here extend longitudinally along the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• Heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 are stacked with a predefined pitch between the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53, here one above the other in the direction of the height of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• Each heat exchange tube 5; 51, 53 defines a predetermined number of first circulation channels 7 for the first fluid, such as a refrigerant, in particular microchannel circulation 7 for the first fluid.
• the first channels or microchannels 7 extend here substantially longitudinally, in a substantially "I” or rectilinear shape.
• the first circulation channels or microchannels 7 for the first fluid allowing the flow of the first fluid respectively extend in a direction parallel to the longitudinal direction of the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53. More specifically, the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 define on the one hand circulation channels 71 for the condensation of the first fluid, and on the other hand circulation channels 73 for the subcooling of the first condensed fluid.
• the reference 7 generally designates the first channels defined by the heat exchange tubes 5, 51 or 53.
• all the first channels 7 provide the same general function which is to allow the circulation of the first fluid in the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the references 71 and 73 designate particular classes of the first channels 7.
• the first fluid can follow a circulation in a so-called "I" flow or rectilinear in the condensation channels 71.
• the first fluid can follow a circulation in a so-called "I” or rectilinear flow in the subcooling channels 73.
• the arrows F1 illustrate the circulation of the first fluid during the condensation, whereas the arrows F1 'illustrate the circulation of the first fluid after condensation for the subcooling.
• the set of circulation channels 71 for condensation define a zone of condensation of the heat exchange bundle 3
• the set of circulation channels 73 for subcooling define a zone of subcooling of the exchange bundle. thermal 3.
• the condensing zone defined by the circulation channels 71 for the condensation may be substantially equal to the subcooling zone defined by the circulation channels 73 for subcooling. Preferably, these two zones are not equal and the condensation zone is provided greater than the subcooling zone.
• a distribution of the order of at least 60%, preferably 70% to 80%, may be provided for the condensation zone, for example of the order of 40%, preferably from 20% to 30%, for the subcooling zone.
• each heat exchange tube 5 defines a stage of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the heat exchange bundle 3 comprises a stack of heat exchange tubes 5 defining a row of heat exchange tubes 5.
• each heat exchange tube 5 comprises on the one hand circulation channels 71 for condensing the first fluid, and on the other hand circulation channels 73 for subcooling the first condensed fluid.
• the two groups of channels 71, 73 for condensation on the one hand and for subcooling on the other hand defined by the same heat exchange tube 5 makes it possible to limit the number of parts of the heat exchanger 1 to be produced. and to assemble.
• the separation between the circulation channels 71 for the condensation and the circulation channels 73 for the subcooling is schematically illustrated by dashes in FIG. 4.
• circulation channels 71 for condensation and the circulation channels 73 for subcooling define the same passage section.
• circulation channels 71 for condensation as circulation channels 73 for subcooling.
• the separation is then substantially central as in the example illustrated.
• the passage section for condensation and the passage section for subcooling can be advantageously adapted as required.
• the passage section for subcooling may be less than the passage section for condensation.
• the number of circulation channels 71 for condensation may be different from the number of circulation channels 73 for subcooling.
• circulation channels 71 for condensation may be provided than circulation channels 73 for subcooling.
• the circulation channels 71 for condensation may be of different size compared to the size of the circulation channels 73 for subcooling, so as to adapt the passage section for condensation and for the sub-cooling -cooling.
• heat exchange tubes 51, 53 are described according to a second embodiment.
• Each heat exchange tube 51, respectively 53 comprises circulation channels 71, 73 respectively, either for condensation or for subcooling.
• the first heat exchange tubes 51 comprise the circulation channels 71 for the condensation of the first fluid and the second heat exchange tubes 53, different from the first heat exchange tubes 51, include the circulation channels 73 for circulation. the subcooling of the first condensed fluid.
• the heat exchange bundle 3 comprises in this case:
• the heat exchange bundle 3 comprises as many first heat exchange tubes 51 as there are second heat exchange tubes 53.
• circulation channels 71 for the condensation of the first heat exchange tubes 51 define the same passage section as the circulation channels 73 for the subcooling of the second heat exchange tubes 53.
• passage section for condensation and for subcooling can be advantageously adapted as needed.
• the passage section for subcooling may be less than the passage section for condensation.
• first heat exchange tubes 51 and the second heat exchange tubes 53 may have the same dimensions as in the illustrated example.
• first heat exchange tubes 51 and the second heat exchange tubes 53 may be different, for example the second heat exchange tubes 53 may have a smaller width than the first heat exchange tubes 51.
• the dimensions of the heat exchange tubes 51, 53 are advantageously variable in the direction of the width of the heat exchange bundle 3 to adapt the size of the condensation zone and the subcooling zone.
• the number and / or size of the circulation channels 71 for condensation may be different from the circulation channels 73 for subcooling.
• the first frames 13 may be at least partially made of aluminum.
• the first frames 13 can be made by cutting stamping in a simple manner.
• the first frames 13 present:
• first frames 13 with respect to the general direction of flow of the first fluid, namely that the first frames 13 have:
• the general direction of flow of the first fluid means the direction of flow in "I" or rectilinear in the channels 71 of circulation for condensation, respectively in the channels 73 circulation for subcooling.
• the first frames 13 are of generally rectangular shape and have two longitudinal edges 13C, 13D, forming long sides, extending substantially parallel to the general direction of flow of the first fluid and two side edges 13A, 13B, forming narrow sides, extending in the width direction, substantially perpendicular to the flow direction of the first fluid.
• These first frames 13 have the same thickness as the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 they receive, especially of the order of a few millimeters, for example of the order of 1mm.
• the thickness is considered in the direction of the height of the heat exchange bundle 3, we can also speak of the height of the first frames 13.
• the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 can be maintained in the first respective frames 13 before superposition of the various frames 13, 15, 16.
• each receiving frame 13 of the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 is configured to receive both circulation channels 71 for condensation and circulation channels 73 for subcooling defined by the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53.
• the condensing zone of the heat exchange bundle 3 and the subcooling zone of the heat exchange bundle 3 are arranged side by side.
• first frames 13 for receiving the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 are respectively shaped so as to separate the condensation zone and the subcooling zone of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the two zones of condensation of the heat exchange bundle 3 and subcooling of the heat exchange bundle 3 side by side are arranged without direct fluid communication with each other.
• each first frame 13 is able to receive a single heat exchange tube 5 comprising on the one hand the circulation channels 71 for the condensation of the first fluid, and on the other hand the circulation channels 73 for the subcooling of the first condensed fluid.
• each first frame 13 has a housing 130 for receiving an associated heat exchange tube 5.
• the first frames 13 comprise fluid communication means 131a, 131b of the first circulation channels 7 of the heat exchange tubes 5 with the collecting box 19.
• the fluidic communication means 131a, 131b of each first frame 13 are thus arranged in fluid communication with the fluidic communication means 131a, 131b of the other first frames 13 of the heat exchange bundle 3 and with the manifold 19 .
• the frames 13 for receiving the heat exchange tubes 5 comprise respectively:
• the first frames 13 respectively have a predefined number of recesses 131a, 131b forming the fluidic communication means, in which the ends, in particular the longitudinal ends, of the heat exchange tubes 5 open out.
• the fluid communication means 131a, 131b may be carried by the lateral edges 13A, 13B of the first frames 13.
• the recesses 131a, 131b are provided on the two opposite edges 13A, 13B of the first frames 13 which are opposite the ends of the heat exchange tubes 5. These are the lateral edges of the first frames 13 .
• the first frames 13 are arranged so that their recesses 131a are in fluid communication with the recesses 131a of the other first frames 13.
• the recesses 131a of the first frames 13 are aligned in the direction of the height of the heat exchange bundle 3 , in other words in the stacking direction of the various frames 13, 15, 16.
• the recesses 131a, 131b are aligned with the manifold 19 (visible in Figures 2a, 2b). More specifically, on one side of the first frames 13, the recesses 131a into which the circulation channels 71 for the condensation flow are aligned with the inlet 19A and the recesses 131b in which the circulation channels 73 for the subcooling open out are aligned with the output 19B.
• the number of recesses 131a in which the 71 channels of circulation for the condensation opens is adapted according to the number of channels 71 of circulation for the condensation.
• the number of recesses 131b into which the circulation channels 73 open for subcooling is adapted as a function of the number of circulation channels 73 for subcooling.
• At least one lateral edge 13A, 13B of a first receiving frame 13, arranged opposite one end of a heat exchange tube 5, is shaped according to a pattern defining a succession of arches.
• the arches are advantageously arranged over the entire width of the lateral edge 13A, 13B which is opposite the end of a heat exchange tube 5.
• the arches are provided over a width substantially equal to the width of the heat exchange tube 5.
• Arch is understood to mean the group formed by an arch arch 132 connecting two feet of arch 133. In this series of arches, two adjacent arch arches 132 are connected by a common arch foot 133.
• a recess 131a or 131b is delimited by an arch, in other words each recess 131a or 131b is made between two adjacent arches 133 and is delimited by these two arches 133 and the vault 132 arch connecting them.
• a heat exchange tube 5 is arranged in the housing 130 of a first frame 13, the space remaining between one end of the heat exchange tube 5 and an arch arch 132 defines a through opening of fluid communication.
• the diameter of a through opening is of the order of 0.5 mm.
• the arches 133 advantageously provide a stress absorption function, and are able to withstand mechanical stresses, in particular due to pressure.
• the arches are dimensioned taking into account the mechanical strength of the first frame 13 and the flow of the first fluid through the recesses 131 defined by the arches.
• the arches 133 still make it possible to define soldering zones with the second frames 15.
• the first frames 13 also have guides 134 for the passage of the second fluid.
• the first frames 13 are respectively shaped with at least one loop 134 which when a heat exchange tube 5 is arranged in the first frame 13 defines a through through opening allowing the flow of the second fluid.
• the handles 134 allow to define the guides for the passage of the second fluid.
• each first frame 13 is arranged in alignment with the handles 134 of the other first frames 13 of the heat exchange bundle 3 so as to allow the flow of the second fluid through the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the figures show an embodiment of the handles 134. Of course, any other form of the handles 134 may be considered.
• the frames 13 for receiving the heat exchange tubes 5 have, respectively, facing each end of the heat exchange tube 5 that it receives, at least one separation portion 136 arranged between the circulation channels 71 for the condensation of the first fluid and the circulation channels 73 for the subcooling of the first condensed fluid.
• This separation portion 136 is shaped to prevent fluid communication between the circulation channels 71 for condensation and the circulation channels 73 for subcooling defined by the same heat exchange tube 5.
• This separation portion 136 thus serves as a means of blocking the passage of the first fluid of the circulation channels 71 for condensation to the circulation channels 73 for subcooling and vice versa.
• each separation portion 136 provided on a first frame 13 prevents the fluidic communication by shape cooperation between the first frame 13 and the heat exchange tube 5 received in this first frame 13, more precisely between the edge 13A, respectively 13B, of the first frame 13 and the end opposite the heat exchange tube 5.
• the separation portion 136 is formed on a side edge
• the separation portion 136 is advantageously integral with the lateral edge 13A, respectively 13B, of the first frame 13.
• the separation portion 136 is formed by the extension of an arch foot 133 towards the end opposite the heat exchange tube 5.
• the separation portion 136 is made by an extension 136 or in other words by a tongue 136.
• the tongue 136 extends here longitudinally towards the end facing the heat exchange tube 5.
• the separation portion 136 is for example provided substantially in the middle of the lateral edge 13A, respectively 13B, of the first frame 13, when the two groups of channels 71 of circulation for the condensation on the one hand and for the subcooling 73 on the other hand define a same passage section and are separated substantially at the level of the middle of the heat exchange tube 5.
• the separation portion 136 can be moved according to the arrangement and the passage section defined by the circulation channels 71 for the condensation on the one hand and for the subcooling 73 on the other hand.
• the separation portion 136 can be shifted to the right with reference to the arrangement shown in FIG. 5, when the heat exchange tube 5 has more circulation channels 71 for condensation than circulation channels 73 for circulation. subcooling.
• the separation portion 136 has a thickness substantially equal to the thickness of the heat exchange tube 5 vis-à-vis, more precisely the end opposite the heat exchange tube 5 .
• the separating portion 136 bears against the end of the heat exchange tube 5 in facing relation between the two groups 71, 73 of the first circulation channels 7, namely here the circulation channels 71 for the condensation and the circulation channels 73 for subcooling, thus blocking the passage of the first fluid.
• the separation portion 136 can bear against the end of the heat exchange tube 5 where this heat exchange tube 5 does not have first circulation channels 7, marking all the plus the separation between the circulation channels 71 for condensation and the circulation channels 73 for subcooling by the absence of first channels 7.
• FIGS 1 to 3b and 6 show a second embodiment of the first frames 13.
• the description of the first embodiment with reference to Figures 4 and 5 applies to the identical components, only the differences are now described.
• each first receiving frame 13 is able to receive two heat exchange tubes 51 and 53 including:
• a second heat exchange tube 53 of the second row B defining the 73 circulation channels for subcooling.
• the fluid communication means 131a, 131b define two rows respectively associated with either the first row A of first heat exchange tubes 51 or the second row B of second heat exchange tubes 53.
• first communication means 131a ensure the fluidic communication of the first heat exchange tubes 51 or in other words the first row A of first heat exchange tubes 51 with the inlet 19A for the first defined fluid here by the manifold 19.
• second communication means 131b ensure the fluidic communication of the second heat exchange tubes 53 or in other words the second row B of second heat exchange tubes 53 with the output 19B for the first fluid defined here by the same manifold 19.
• a succession of arches may be provided on one or each lateral edge 13A, respectively 13B, of the first frame 13 opposite one end of the two adjacent heat exchange tubes received in the same first frame 13.
• This succession of arches then extends over the entire width of the set of heat exchange tubes 51, 53 that the first frame 13 can receive, here two heat exchange tubes 51, 53.
• Each first receiving frame 13 has according to this second embodiment at least one partition wall 135 which compartmentalizes the first receiving frame 13.
• This partition wall 135 is here arranged in the extension of an arch foot 133.
• the first frames 13 no longer include the separation portions 136, for example made in the form of a tongue to prevent the passage of the first fluid between the two groups of channels 71 and 73.
• each first receiving frame 13 has a single partition wall 135, which compartmentalizes the first receiving frame 13 into two housings 130 to each receive a heat exchange tube 51,53.
• the partition wall 135 is therefore arranged between two heat exchange tubes 51 and 53 when they are put in place in the first frame 13.
• the partition wall 135 makes it possible to prevent fluid communication between the two tubes. heat exchange 51 and 53 received in the same first frame 13.
• the partition wall 135 extends in this example over the entire length of the heat exchange tubes 51, 53 received in the first frame 13.
• the partition wall 135 of a first frame 13 can be made in one piece with this first frame 13.
• the partition wall 135 is of the same thickness as the rest of the first frame 13, and therefore in this example of thickness substantially equal to the thickness of the heat exchange tubes 51 and 53 of both sides of the partition wall 135.
• the partition wall 135 is arranged substantially centrally. This corresponds to an arrangement in which the two heat exchange tubes 51 and 53 received in the same first frame 13 are of the same size.
• the partition wall 135 can be moved according to the dimensions of the two heat exchange tubes 51 and 53 received in the same first frame 13.
• the partition wall 135 can be moved to the right with reference to the arrangement shown in Figure 6, when the first heat exchange tube 51 is wider than the second heat exchange tube 53 adjacent.
• the second frames 15 may be at least partially made of aluminum.
• the second frames 15 When the second frames 15 receive turbulators 11 (see FIG. 3b) from the flow of the second fluid, the second frames 15 are called turbulators or turbulators.
• the second fluid is able to circulate in at least two passes called circulation in "U" in each second frame 15 as will be described later.
• the second frames 15 have two opposite edges 15A, 15B extending perpendicularly to the direction of the first flow channels 7 of the first fluid, in other words here perpendicular to the longitudinal direction of the tubes. heat exchange 5 or 51 and 53, and
• the second frames 15 with respect to the general direction of flow of the second fluid, namely that the second frames 15 have:
• the general direction of flow of the second fluid means the direction of the branches of the "U" defining a two-pass circulation of the second fluid.
• the second frames 15 are of generally similar shape to the first frames 13, here substantially rectangular.
• the second frames 15 have two longitudinal edges 15C, 15D forming large sides, extending substantially parallel to the longitudinal edges 13C, 13D of the first frames 13 and to the general direction of flow of the second fluid, and two side edges 15A, 15B forming narrow sides, extending in the width direction, substantially perpendicular to the direction of flow of the second fluid parallel to the side edges 13A,
• the second frames 15 extend on the same length and on the same width as the first frames 13.
• the outer contours of the first frames 13 and second frames 15 are substantially identical so that the alternating stack of the first frames 13 and second frames 15 forms a block.
• each second frame 15 defines an internal width and an internal length L.
• the side edges 15A, 15B of the second frames 15 may be slightly larger than the side edges 13A, 13B of the first frames 13, so that the ends of the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 received in the first frames 13 stacked with the second frames 15, rest on the peripheral edge of the lateral edges 15 A, 15B of the second frames 15.
• the second frames 15 therefore define an internal length L less than the internal length defined by the interior space of the first frames 13.
• the second frames 15 have a thickness which is of the order of a few millimeters, for example of the order of 0.5mm to 4mm, preferably of the order of 2mm.
• the thickness is here considered in the direction of the height of the heat exchange bundle 3, we can also speak of the height of the second frames 15.
• the second frames 15 can be made by stamping cut.
• the second frames 15 each comprise a bar 150 arranged inside the second respective frame 15 so separating two circulation passes for the second fluid. It is therefore an internal bar 150.
• the bar 150 makes it possible to shape the second circulation channel 9 substantially in a "U" shape.
• the strip 150 extends longitudinally inside a second frame 15.
• the strip 150 thus extends in this example substantially parallel to the longitudinal edges 15C, 15D of the second frame 15.
• the bar 150 does not extend over the entire internal length L of the second frame 15. In other words, the bar 150 extends from a side edge 15A of a second frame 15 towards the opposite side edge 15B but without reaching this opposite lateral edge 15B.
• the bar 150 is secured to a side edge 15A of a second frame 15 and projects with its free end towards the internal space of the second frame 15 towards the opposite side edge 15B, leaving a space.
• the inner bar 150 thus extends longitudinally from a lateral edge 15A of a second frame 15 over a length l less than the internal length L of the second frame 15.
• the inner bar 150 extends over a length l at least equal to half the internal length L of a second frame 15.
• each second frame 15 may have an internal length L in a range of about 30mm to 500mm.
• the inner bar 150 does not extend over the entire internal width of the second frame 15. More specifically, the inner bar 150 has a width W smaller than the internal width of the second frame 15. The width W of the inner bar 150 may be greater than or equal to, preferably greater than, the thickness of the second frame 15.
• the input and the output of the path are defined flow for the second fluid.
• the bar 150 may also be called tongue.
• the bar 150 is substantially of the same thickness as the second frame 15.
• the arrangement of the bar 150 for the separation between the passes of the second fluid may be a function of the separation between the condensation zone and the subcooling zone.
• the strip 150 is arranged so that the first pass of the second fluid is in the sub-cooling zone of the heat exchange bundle 3, and that the second pass of the second fluid is in the condensation zone of the bundle of heat exchange 3.
• the bar 150 is for example arranged substantially centrally. More specifically, the bar 150 is arranged substantially in the center of a second frame 15 in the width direction of the second frame 15. In this way, the bar 150 divides the second frame 15 into two parts of the same size.
• This arrangement is in particular complementary to a configuration in which the two groups of circulation channels 71 for condensation on the one hand and for the subcooling 73 on the other hand of the same heat exchange tube 5 define the same passage section and are separated substantially at the middle of the heat exchange tube 5.
• this arrangement is complementary to a configuration in which the two heat exchange tubes 51 and 53 received in the same first frame 13 are of the same size.
• each pass of the second fluid are advantageously variable in the direction of the width of the heat exchange bundle 3 as a function of the conformation of the two zones of condensation and subcooling.
• the base of the bar 150 of each second frame 15 is facing separation portions 136, for example in the form of tabs 136, provided on the lateral edges 13A of the first frames 13 on either side of this second frame 15.
• the bars internal 150 of the second frames 15 are located opposite the partition walls 135 of the first frames 13 on either side of the second frames 15.
• the bar 150 may be wider than the partition walls 135 facing.
• the second frames 15 have guides 151a, 151b for the passage of the first fluid allowing it to flow in the stack of the various frames 13, 15, 16.
• each second frame 15 has guides 151a for the passage of the first fluid to be condensed, arranged in alignment with the communication means 131a of the first frames 13, so as to allow the flow of the first fluid in the zone condensation.
• Each second frame 15 further comprises guides 151b for the passage of the first condensed fluid, arranged in alignment with the communication means 131b of the first frames 13, so as to allow the flow of the first condensed fluid in the zone of subcooling.
• the guides 151a, 151b are here formed as through orifices 151a, 151b arranged in alignment with the communication recesses 131a, 131b fluidic of the first frames 13.
• the through orifices 151a, 151b are therefore arranged on at least one lateral edge, preferably on the two lateral edges 15A, 15B of a second frame 15 in the width direction.
• the number of through orifices 151a for the passage of the first fluid to be condensed is adapted as a function of the number of recesses 131a and therefore as a function of the number of circulation channels 71 for the condensation of the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53.
• the number of through-orifices 151b for the passage of the first condensed fluid is adapted as a function of the number of recesses 131b and therefore as a function of the number of circulation channels 73 for the subcooling of the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53.
• the distribution of the first fluid in the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53 can be done easily thanks to the recesses 131a, 131b provided on the ends of the first frames 13 and to the through orifices 151a, 151b complementary provided on the ends of the second frames 15 and in fluid communication with the manifold 19.
• each second frame 15 may have a portion 154 devoid of guides 151a, 151b for the passage of the first fluid, which is arranged between the guides 151a for the passage of the first fluid to be condensed and the guides 151b for the passage of the first fluid condensed.
• the second frames 15 respectively have means for fluid communication 152 of the second circulation channels 9 between them on the one hand and with the pipes 21 for the second fluid on the other hand.
• the second frames 15 respectively have a predefined number of through-openings 152 for setting into fluid communication.
• These through openings 152 are here arranged on the longitudinal edges of the second frames 15 and are aligned with each other in the direction of the height of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the through openings 152 open respectively to the inside of a second frame 15.
• the through-openings 152 make it possible to define a fluid inlet 152 towards the interior space of the second frame 15 on a longitudinal edge, and a fluid outlet 152 outside the second frame 15 on the opposite longitudinal edge, as shown schematically by the arrows. F2 in Figure 7.
• the second fluid first circulates in the subcooling zone before circulating in the condensation zone, that is to say that the second fluid makes a first pass between the channels 73 for subcooling and then a second passes between the channels 71 for condensation.
• the second frames 15 have handles 153 which define the through openings 152.
• the loops 153 of the second frames 15 are made similarly to the loops 134 of the first frames 13 and are aligned with these handles 134 which allow the passage of the second fluid through the heat exchange bundle 3.
• handles 153 As an illustration, in the figures there is shown an embodiment of the handles 153. Of course, any other form of the handles 153 may be considered.
• the opening defined by a first loop is arranged in fluid communication with a first pipe 21 and the opening defined by a second loop is arranged in fluid communication with a second pipe 21.
• the ears or handles 134 and 153 complementary provided on the sides of the first and second frames 13, 15 to define with the inlet and outlet pipes 21 of the second fluid, two distribution ducts of the second fluid on each side of the beam of heat exchange 3, so that the second fluid can easily flow into the heat exchange bundle 3.
• At least one specific frame 16 is different from the others in that it is shaped to allow a fluidic connection between the reservoir 22 and the heat exchange bundle 3.
• This specific frame 16 is also referred to as "fluid connection frame” or "specific fluidic connection frame”.
• the fluidic connection frame 16 puts the reservoir 22 in fluid communication
• the first fluid having traveled through the circulation channels 71 for condensation flows towards the reservoir 22, as illustrated by the arrows Fl in FIGS. 1 to 2b, and the condensed fluid after phase separation at the outlet of the tank 22 circulates. to the circulation channels 73 for subcooling, as illustrated by arrows F1 'in FIGS. 1 to 2b.
• two specific frames 16 are advantageously provided to allow the fluid connection with the tank 22, as illustrated in FIG. 3b.
• the fluidic communication is done by two levels, each level being formed by a specific frame 16.
• the fluidic connection frame (s) 16 is / are placed opposite the fastening flange 24 so as to put the reservoir 22 and the circulation channels 71 in fluid communication with each other. condensation on the one hand, and the circulation channels 73 for subcooling on the other hand and separately, via this fastening flange 24.
• each fluidic connection frame 16 is stacked with two first frames 13.
• the specific frames 16 similarly to the first frames 13 and second frames 15, the specific frames 16 have for example a generally rectangular general shape with two opposite lateral edges forming short sides in the width direction, only a side edge 16A is visible in the figures, and two edges opposing longitudinals 16C, 16D forming the long sides in the longitudinal direction.
• the outer contours of the fluidic connection frame (s) 16 are provided to allow stacking with the first frames 13 and second frames 15 so as to form a block.
• 16 presents (s) a thickness of the order of a few millimeters, for example of the order of 0.5mm to 4mm, preferably of the order of 2mm.
• the thickness is here considered in the direction of the height of the heat exchange bundle 3, one can also speak of the height of the fluidic connection frame or frames 16.
• One of the lateral edges here the lateral edge 16A, on which rest or the ends of heat exchange tube (s) 5; 51, 53, is arranged vis-à-vis the fastening flange 24.
• each fluidic connection frame 16 has a plurality of notches 161a, 161b on this side edge 16A, opening towards the outside of the fluid connection frame 16, and thus towards the outside of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• notches 161a, 161b make it possible to put in fluid communication the reservoir 22 and the first circulation channels 7 for the first fluid in the heat exchange bundle 3, namely the circulation channels 71 for the condensation on the one hand and the 73 circulation channels for subcooling on the other hand.
• this setting in fluidic communication is ensured by means of the fastening flange 24 detailed thereafter, and for this purpose the notches 161a, 161b open into the fastening flange 24 arranged vis-à- screw of the fluidic connection frame 16. More specifically, a first set of notches 161a is intended to be in fluid communication with the inlet of the tank 22 while a second set of notches 161b is intended to be in fluid communication 161b with the outlet of the tank 22. .
• the notches 161a of the first group of the fluidic connection frame 16 form fluidic communication means between the circulation channels 71 for the condensation and the inlet of the reservoir 22.
• the number of notches 161a of the first group is adapted according to the number of circulation channels 71 for condensing the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53.
• the notches 161b of the second group of the fluidic connection frame 16 form fluidic communication means between the circulation channels 73 for the subcooling and the outlet of the tank 22.
• the number of notches 161b of the second group is adapted in accordance with FIG. a function of the number of circulation channels 73 for the subcooling of the heat exchange tubes 5; 51, 53.
• each fluidic connection frame 16 comprises on this side edge 16A a plurality of teeth 162a, respectively 162b separated by notches 161a, respectively 161b.
• the lateral edge 16A is shaped with an alternation of teeth 162a, 162b and notches 161a, 161b.
• the teeth 162a, 162b extend longitudinally from the lateral edge 16A towards the outside of the fluid connection frame 16, and thus towards the outside of the heat exchange bundle 3, here towards the fastening flange 24.
• the side edge 16A thus has a generally comb-like shape with the back of the comb facing the inside of the fluidic connection frame 16.
• the opposite lateral edge (not visible in the figures) of the fluidic connection frame 16 may be shaped similarly to this side edge 16A.
• the fluidic connection frames 16 are of generally similar shape to the second frames 15 inside the heat exchange bundle, but at least one edge on which the tube end (s) rests.
• heat exchange 5 or 51 and 53 here at least one side edge 16A in the direction of the width, was opened at the openings allowing passage of the first fluid, so as to form the notches 161a, 161b and thus allow the first condensed fluid having circulated in the channels 71 for circulation to the condensation to flow to the inlet of the tank 22, here via the fastening flange 24, and to allow the first fluid outlet of the tank 22 to flow to the circulation channels 73 for subcooling.
• the notches 161a, respectively 161b are aligned with the recesses 131a, respectively 131b, of the first frames 13, and with the through holes 151a, respectively 151b, second frames 15. From even, the teeth 162a, respectively 162b, are aligned with the arch feet 133 of the first frames 13, when the various frames 13, 15, 16 are stacked.
• the length of the teeth 162a, 162b of the fluidic coupling frames 16 may be greater than the length of the arches of the first frames 13. Furthermore, the lateral edge 16A has a solid portion 163 which separates the first group of notches 161a and associated teeth 162a separated by these notches 161a, the second group of notches 161b and associated teeth 162b separated by these notches 161b.
• the fluidic connection frame 16 is formed on either side of this solid part 163, so as to put in fluid communication the reservoir 22 with the circulation channels 71 for condensation on one side of the solid part 163, and in such a way as to put in fluid communication the reservoir 22 with the circulation channels 73 for the subcooling on the other side of the solid part 163.
• the solid part 163 is thus arranged at the level of the separation between the condensation zone and the sub-cooling zone of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• solid part is understood to mean a portion or portion that does not have any means for setting fluid communication, in this example the solid portion 163 is devoid of notches 161a, 161b but also of any other means that would allow the first fluid pass or run.
• the solid portion 163 of the Fhiidic coupling frames 16 are arranged in alignment with the partition portions 136 or partition walls 135 of the first frames 13.
• the solid portion 163 is also in alignment with the portions 154 without guides 151a, 151b for the passage of the first fluid, the second frames 15, when provided (see Figure 3b).
• the solid portion 163 extends in the direction of the connecting frame width fhiidique 16 a distance 1163 (see Figure 10).
• This distance 1 163 must be dimensioned to the fair, it should not be too large because it may hinder the flow of the first fluid, which can cause disruption.
• This distance 1 163 is advantageously at least equal to the width of the separation portions 136 or to the width of the partition walls 135 of the first frames 13. Moreover, this distance 1 163 is less than or equal to the distance, in the direction of the width on which the portion 154 (see FIGS. 3b and 7) extends without guides 151a, 151b for the passage of the first fluid provided on the second frames 15.
• this solid portion 163 is shown substantially at the center of the lateral edge 16A of the fheic connection frame 16.
• the arrangement of the solid part 163 is adapted according to the dimensioning of the condensation zone and the zone. subcooling the heat exchange bundle.
• the assembly formed by the first set of notches 161a and the associated teeth 162a, the solid portion 163, and the second set of notches 161b and the associated teeth 162b extends into view of the entire width of the end of a heat exchange tube 5 or the ends of the two heat exchange tubes 51 and 53 which rests (s) on the side edge 16A of the fichard connection frame 16.
• the fluidic connection frame (s) 16 (better visible in FIG. 10) has (s) fluid communication means 165 arranged on the longitudinal edges 16C, 16D of the fluid connection frame or frames 16, which are similar to the means for fluid communication 152 of the second frames 15 and are not described in more detail below.
• These means of fluid communication 165 may be delimited by handles or ears 166 similar to the handles 153 of the second frames 15 and are therefore not described in more detail.
• the frame (s) fluidic connection 16 has (s) an inner bar 167 similar to the inner bar 150 of the second frames 15 and is therefore not described again here.
• This inner bar 167 is arranged in the extension of the solid portion 163 extending inwardly of the fluidic connection frame 16, more precisely since substantially the middle of the solid portion 163.
• the fluidic connection frame or frames 16 can be made by stamping cutting.
• Such a tank 22 is also called a bottle, or phase separation bottle or still condenser bottle when the associated heat exchanger 1 is a condenser.
• a bottle or phase separation bottle or still condenser bottle when the associated heat exchanger 1 is a condenser.
• FIGS. 1, 2a, 3a and 4 partially illustrate a heat exchanger 1 comprising such a reservoir 22.
• the reservoir 22 is assembled and fixed to the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the reservoir 22 as shown thus forms a unitary system with the heat exchanger 1, advantageous in terms of size.
• the fixing of the reservoir 22 to the heat exchange bundle 3 can be done by any appropriate means, for example by screwing, welding.
• the reservoir 22 is fixed to the heat exchange bundle 3 via a fastening flange 24 detailed subsequently, for example by screwing.
• complementary fastening means 220, 240 are carried on the one hand by the reservoir 22 and on the other hand by the fastening flange 24.
• the reservoir 22 has an orifice 220 for fixing by screwing.
• the reservoir 22 may in particular be fixed to the fastening flange 24 after brazing of the heat exchanger 1.
• the reservoir 22 can be assembled and fixed on a lateral flank of the heat exchange bundle 3, namely on one of the short sides of the exchange bundle thermal 3 of substantially parallelepipedal general shape.
• the reservoir 22 is in this case arranged extending substantially vertically in the mounted state in the motor vehicle.
• the reservoir 22 is for example of substantially tubular shape and is arranged extending longitudinally in the direction of the height of the heat exchange bundle 3, in other words in the stacking direction of the various elements, in particular frames 13, 15, 16, the heat exchange bundle 3. This corresponds to a substantially vertical position in the mounted state in the motor vehicle.
• the reservoir 22 may be carried by a closure plate 17 or 18 of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the tank 22 is carried by one of the long sides of the heat exchange bundle 3 generally of substantially parallelepipedal shape.
• the reservoir 22 then extends substantially longitudinally in the direction of the length of the heat exchange bundle 3, which corresponds to a substantially horizontal position in the mounted state in the motor vehicle.
• the reservoir 22 is arranged so as to receiving at the inlet a mixture of gas and liquid of the first fluid from the heat exchanger 1 able to act as a condenser.
• the reservoir 22 is arranged to receive at its inlet the first fluid having circulated in the condensation zone of the heat exchanger 1, that is to say in the circulation channels 71 for condensation in the tubes. heat exchange 5 or 51.
• the reservoir 22 defines an interior space adapted to receive the first fluid.
• the reservoir 22 comprises at least one orifice 221, 223 in fluid communication with the heat exchange bundle 3, here two orifices 221 and 223.
• a first orifice 221 allows the admission of the first condensed fluid from the condensing zone of the heat exchanger 1 into the reservoir 22.
• a second orifice 223 allows the evacuation of the first fluid in liquid form at the outlet of the reservoir 22 towards the subcooling zone of the heat exchanger 1, so that the first liquid fluid undergoes an additional passage, called subcooling, in the heat exchange bundle 3 of the heat exchanger 1.
• the two orifices 221, 223 are in the illustrated example arranged on the same end edge of the reservoir 22.
• the spacing between the orifices 221, 223 of the reservoir is less than or equal to the distance 1 163 on which the full part 163 of the specific frame 16.
• the reservoir 22 also advantageously comprises a filter (not shown) capable of capturing the solid particles larger than a predetermined threshold value which circulate in the refrigerant fluid.
• the filter is then arranged in the interior of the tank 22.
• the first fluid such as a refrigerant
• the first fluid enters for example in the form of high pressure gas and circulates in the circulation channels 71 for the condensation of the heat pump. heat exchange 3.
• the refrigerant exchanges thermally with the second fluid.
• the coolant is thus cooled with a phase change.
• the condensed refrigerant then circulates in the tank 22 for separation of the gaseous and liquid phases.
• the coolant may optionally pass through a desiccator and / or a filter in the reservoir 22. At the outlet of the reservoir 22, the coolant is only in liquid phase and can re-circulate through the sub-zone. cooling the heat exchange bundle 3 defined by the circulation channels 73 for subcooling. Clamp
• the fastening flange 24 is in fluid communication with the reservoir 22 and with the first circulation channels 7 thanks to the (x) frame (s) of fluid connection 16.
• the fastening flange 24 can be assembled to the heat exchange bundle 3 during brazing of the heat exchanger 1.
• the assembly between the fastening flange 24 and the reservoir 22 can be done after brazing, for example by screwing.
• the fastening flange 24 comprises a fastening means 240 complementary to the fastening means 220 of the reservoir, for example for fastening by screwing.
• the positioning of the fastening flange 24 is adapted as illustrated in Figures 2a and 2b.
• the fastening flange 24 extends along the longitudinal axis of the heat exchange bundle 3, corresponding to an arrangement of the tank 22 on a lateral flank of the heat exchange bundle 3
• the fastening flange 24 extends along the height of the heat exchange bundle 3 or in other words the stacking direction of the different elements of the heat exchange bundle 3, corresponding to an arrangement of the tank 22 on a closure plate of the heat exchange bundle 3.
• the fastening flange 24 comprises:
• this inlet channel 241 is arranged in fluid communication with the orifice 221 of the tank 22 ( Figure 1), and
• this evacuation channel 243 is arranged in communication fluidic with an outlet 223 of the reservoir 22 ( Figure 1).
• introduction 241 and evacuation 243 channels extend parallel to each other.
• the introduction 241 and discharge 243 channels are made in the plane formed by the fastening flange 24. As can be seen in Figure 3b, the introduction channels 241 and 243 discharge can lead respectively into other connection channels 242, 244 intended to be respectively connected to the inlet and outlet orifices 221 and 223 of the tank 22.
• connection channels 242, 244 to the reservoir 22 are made in the particular example shown substantially perpendicular to the plane of the fastening flange 24 extending towards the reservoir 22 when the latter is assembled to the heat exchanger 1.
• the diameters of the introduction 241 and discharge 243 channels and the connection channels 242, 244 are chosen greater than or equal to the diameters of the inlet 221 and outlet 223 ports of the reservoir 22 so as not to create a loss of head additional.
• the spacing between the channels 241 and 243 of the fastening flange 24 is a function of the spacing of the orifices 221 and 223 of the reservoir 22.
• the dimensioning of the distance 1 16 3 is also advantageously chosen in function of the spacing between the channels 241 and 243 of the fastening flange 24.
• the fastening flange 24 further includes grooves or cups 245, 247 which are more clearly visible in FIGS. 3a, 4, 8 and 9, a groove 245 of which serves to bring the first condensed fluid. in the reservoir 22 via the introduction channel 241 and another groove 247 makes it possible to bring the first fluid after phase separation at the outlet of the reservoir 22 via the evacuation channel 243 towards the subcooling zone of the beam of heat exchange 3.
• the grooves 245 and 247 for example have a diameter identical to the introduction 241 and discharge 243 channels of the fastening flange 24.
• the fixing flange 24 is arranged so that the notches 161a of the fluidic connection frame 16 in fluid communication with the circulation channels 71 for the condensation of the first fluid open into the groove 245 into which the inlet channel 241 opens. of the fastening flange 24.
• the fixing flange 24 is also arranged so that the notches 161b of the fluidic connection frame 16 in fluid communication with the circulation channels 73 for the subcooling of the first condensed fluid 161b open into the groove 247 into which the flow channel opens. discharge 243 of the fastening flange 24.
• the first fluid after condensation circulating in the circulation channels 71 for condensation opens into the groove 245, flows into the insertion channel 241 of the fastening flange and then enters the reservoir 22.
• the first fluid after phase separation leaves the reservoir 22 and flows in the discharge channel 243 of the fastening flange 24 to be distributed in the circulation channels 73 for subcooling via the groove 247.
• the heat exchanger 1 as described above comprises a heat exchange bundle 3 which has both a condensation zone and a subcooling zone without direct communication between the two, which are defined in a simple manner by the heat exchange tubes 51, 53 adjacent two by two in the same first frame 13 or alternatively by a single tube heat exchange 5 received in a first frame 13.
• first frames 13 receiving the monotubes 5 or several tubes 51, 53 of heat exchange that ensure the non-fluid communication between the two zones of condensation and subcooling.
• the particular conformation of the fluidic connection frame or frames 16 makes it possible in a simple way to connect the reservoir 22 on the one hand to the condensation zone and on the other hand to the sub-cooling zone of the heat exchange, allowing to arrange in different positions the reservoir 22 on the heat exchanger 1.
• such a heat exchanger 1 has a better mechanical strength compared to the solutions of the prior art and very good resistance to high pressures, in particular due to the circulation of a refrigerant such as CO 2 , as well as optimized heat exchange performance.

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• Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
• Thermal Sciences (AREA)
• Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
• General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
• Geometry (AREA)
• Heat-Exchange Devices With Radiators And Conduit Assemblies (AREA)

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• 2015
  • 2015-12-21 FR FR1562886A patent/FR3045803B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
• 2016
  • 2016-12-16 WO PCT/FR2016/053506 patent/WO2017109357A1/fr active Application Filing
  • 2016-12-16 EP EP16826394.5A patent/EP3394551B1/de active Active

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