EP3394208A1 - Procédé de préparation d'un matériau de bitume solide à température ambiante - Google Patents
Procédé de préparation d'un matériau de bitume solide à température ambianteInfo
- Publication number
- EP3394208A1 EP3394208A1 EP16826428.1A EP16826428A EP3394208A1 EP 3394208 A1 EP3394208 A1 EP 3394208A1 EP 16826428 A EP16826428 A EP 16826428A EP 3394208 A1 EP3394208 A1 EP 3394208A1
- Authority
- EP
- European Patent Office
- Prior art keywords
- bitumen
- emulsion
- solid
- drops
- salts
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Withdrawn
Links
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L95/00—Compositions of bituminous materials, e.g. asphalt, tar, pitch
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08K—Use of inorganic or non-macromolecular organic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/00—Use of inorganic substances as compounding ingredients
- C08K3/34—Silicon-containing compounds
- C08K3/36—Silica
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
- C10C—WORKING-UP PITCH, ASPHALT, BITUMEN, TAR; PYROLIGNEOUS ACID
- C10C3/00—Working-up pitch, asphalt, bitumen
- C10C3/14—Solidifying, Disintegrating, e.g. granulating
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2555/00—Characteristics of bituminous mixtures
- C08L2555/20—Mixtures of bitumen and aggregate defined by their production temperatures, e.g. production of asphalt for road or pavement applications
- C08L2555/22—Asphalt produced above 140°C, e.g. hot melt asphalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2555/00—Characteristics of bituminous mixtures
- C08L2555/20—Mixtures of bitumen and aggregate defined by their production temperatures, e.g. production of asphalt for road or pavement applications
- C08L2555/24—Asphalt produced between 100°C and 140°C, e.g. warm mix asphalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2555/00—Characteristics of bituminous mixtures
- C08L2555/40—Mixtures based upon bitumen or asphalt containing functional additives
- C08L2555/50—Inorganic non-macromolecular ingredients
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C08—ORGANIC MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS; THEIR PREPARATION OR CHEMICAL WORKING-UP; COMPOSITIONS BASED THEREON
- C08L—COMPOSITIONS OF MACROMOLECULAR COMPOUNDS
- C08L2555/00—Characteristics of bituminous mixtures
- C08L2555/40—Mixtures based upon bitumen or asphalt containing functional additives
- C08L2555/50—Inorganic non-macromolecular ingredients
- C08L2555/52—Aggregate, e.g. crushed stone, sand, gravel or cement
Definitions
- the present invention is in the technical field of bitumens. More specifically, the invention relates to a process for obtaining bitumen in divided form, solid at room temperature, and the material thus obtained.
- the present invention also relates to a method for manufacturing asphalt from solid bitumen according to the invention and a method for transporting and / or storing solid road asphalt at ambient temperature according to the invention.
- Bitumen is a material used in very large quantities as a building material. Combined with aggregates, fines or reinforcements, bitumen is used, for example, for the production of road pavements and waterproofing screeds on roofs or in retention basins.
- the bitumen is generally in the form of a black material having a high viscosity, even solid at ambient temperature, and which becomes fluid upon heating.
- bitumen In general, bitumen is stored and transported hot, in bulk, in tanker trucks or by boats at high temperatures in the range of 120 ° C to 160 ° C.
- the storage and transport of hot bitumen have certain disadvantages.
- the transport of hot bitumen in liquid form is considered dangerous and it is very framed from a regulatory point of view. This mode of transport presents no particular difficulties when the equipment and the transport infrastructures are in good condition. Otherwise, it can become problematic: if the tanker is not sufficiently insulated, the viscosity of the bitumen may increase during a trip too long. Delivery distances for bitumen are therefore limited.
- the maintenance of bitumen at high temperatures in tanks or tank trucks consumes energy. In addition, maintaining the bitumen at elevated temperatures for a long time may affect the properties of the bitumen and thus change the final performance of the bitumen.
- bitumen at room temperature in metal drums As an example of packaging for the cold transport currently used, there may be mentioned the packaging of bitumen at room temperature in metal drums. This means is increasingly questionable from an environmental point of view because the bitumen stored in the barrels must be reheated before use as a road binder. However, this operation is difficult to implement for this type of packaging and the drums are a waste after use. On the other hand, the storage of bitumen at room temperature in drums leads to losses because the bitumen is very viscous and part of the product remains on the walls of the drum when transferring to the tanks of the production units of the mix. As for handling and transporting bituminous products in these drums, they may be difficult and dangerous if specialized drum handling equipment is not available at the carriers or where the bitumen is used.
- bitumen in the form of granules transported and / or stored in bags, often used in places where the ambient temperature is high. These granules have the advantage of being easily manipulated.
- US 3,026,568 discloses bitumen granules coated with a powdery material, such as limestone powder. Nevertheless, this type of granular bitumen does not prevent the flow of bitumen, especially at high ambient temperature.
- US Pat. No. 5,637,350 describes a bitumen in the form of nuggets in which the bitumen is encapsulated in an impermeable shell and insoluble in water. These bitumen chips are obtained by spraying the bitumen in the molten state for to form drops, then by coating these drops with an impermeable and insoluble coating in water.
- bitumen pellets are obtained by mixing the liquid bitumen with a thickening compound and then a hardening compound with passage through a granulator. Once in solid form, the bitumen can advantageously be transported at ambient temperature without particular precautions, for example in bags.
- An additional difficulty lies in the fact that it is desired to be able to transport the bitumen in solid form even when the external temperature is very high.
- the document WO2015 / 104518 describes a process for obtaining a solid bitumen material, which consists in preparing an emulsion of drops of bitumen in an aqueous phase stabilized by a mixture of at least two types of solid particles, possibly forming a hull around the drops of bitumen, then to dry the suspension.
- This method optionally comprises the formation of a silicon oxide-based shell around the drops of bitumen, this shell resulting from the reaction of a silicon oxide precursor in an acidic aqueous medium to form a gel around the drops of bitumen.
- the pH used to carry out this step are generally less than 1, the condensation reaction being favored by pH values distant from the isoelectric point of the silica which is 2.1.
- US patent application US 2012/0128747 describes a material in the form of solid particles consisting of a continuous bark comprising silicon oxide containing a core comprising at least one crystallizable oil having a point. melting point below 100 ° C. These particles are designed to allow the encapsulation of one or more molecules of interest and their controlled release. Also in this document, very low pHs are used to achieve encapsulation. In addition, a bitumen composition is much more complex than a crystallizable oil. The extrapolation of operating conditions known to operate on the encapsulation of crystallizable oils does not give satisfactory results on all the bitumen compositions.
- JP 2004 091761 discloses a bitumen emulsion comprising an emulsifying agent and a colloidal silica whose function is to reduce tackiness bitumen after application. This document does not teach the formation of solid bitumen granules.
- US 1,738,776 discloses aqueous bitumen dispersions having improved stability through the addition of silica gel, which is employed in addition to conventional stabilizers such as clays. This document does not relate to a process for preparing a solid bitumen material at room temperature.
- US 5,382,348 discloses a process for preparing bitumen granules, which process comprises atomizing the hot liquid bitumen in the presence of a separating agent which may be silica.
- the object of the invention is to overcome these problems and to provide a process which makes it possible, from a bitumen emulsion, to form a shell based on silicon oxide around bitumen drops, whatever the nature of the bitumen. asphalt emulsion.
- the invention aims to provide an industrial process, economical and respectful of industrial facilities and their users, allowing, from a bitumen emulsion, to form a shell based on silicon oxide around drops of bitumen, whatever the nature of the bitumen emulsion. Summary of the invention
- the invention relates to a process for the preparation of a solid bitumen material at ambient temperature, said method comprising at least the steps consisting of: a) preparing an emulsion of drops of bitumen in an aqueous phase, b) preparing a silica sol or a silica gel from a silicon oxide precursor with a pH ranging from 4 to 8,
- step c) bringing the emulsion of bitumen drops of step a) into contact with the silica sol or silica gel of step b), d) subjecting the bitumen suspension resulting from step c) to an atomization treatment.
- this process relates to the manufacture of solid bitumen granules at room temperature.
- the silicon oxide precursor is chosen from silicates.
- the silicon oxide precursor is selected from the group consisting of sodium silicate, magnesium silicate, iron silicate, calcium silicate, potassium silicate, and mixtures thereof. .
- the bitumen emulsion in step a) is a stabilized emulsion of drops of bitumen in an aqueous phase.
- bitumen emulsion in step a) is stabilized by a surfactant or a mixture of surfactants chosen from amphoteric, nonionic, anionic and cationic surfactants.
- bitumen emulsion of step a) is stabilized by a cationic surfactant chosen from: a salt of an amine compound chosen from alkylamine salts; polyamine salts; polyamidoamine salts; alkylamidopolyamine salts; alkylpropylenepolyamine salts; imidazoline salts; quaternary ammonium salts; and their mixtures.
- a cationic surfactant chosen from: a salt of an amine compound chosen from alkylamine salts; polyamine salts; polyamidoamine salts; alkylamidopolyamine salts; alkylpropylenepolyamine salts; imidazoline salts; quaternary ammonium salts; and their mixtures.
- the drops of the bitumen emulsion of step a) have a diameter ranging from 1 ⁇ to ⁇ , preferably from 1 ⁇ to 70 ⁇ , more preferably from 1 ⁇ to 50 ⁇ .
- step b) the pH of the aqueous phase is adjusted to a value ranging from 5 to 7.
- step c) the pH of the aqueous phase is from 5 to 7.
- bitumen of step a) comprises less than 1.4% of solid particles by mass relative to the total weight of bitumen base.
- the subject of the invention is also a solid bitumen material obtainable by the process as described above, this material being in the form of particles comprising a core and a coating layer in which:
- the core comprises at least one bitumen base
- the coating layer is based on silica
- the core comprises less than 1, 4% of solid particles by mass relative to the total mass of bitumen base.
- the material is in powder form.
- the material comprises from 5 to 35% by weight of silica relative to the total mass of the material, preferably from 5 to 30%, more preferably from 10 to 25%.
- the invention also relates to the use of solid bitumen as described above as road binder.
- this use is for the manufacture of asphalt.
- the subject of the invention is also a method for manufacturing mixes comprising at least one road binder and aggregates, the road binder being chosen from solid bitumens as described above, this process comprising at least the steps of:
- the asphalt manufacturing process does not include a heating step of the road binder before mixing with the aggregates.
- the invention also relates to a method for transporting and / or storing road bitumen, said road bitumen being transported and / or stored as solid bitumen at room temperature as described above.
- the method of the invention has many advantages: it is simple to implement, in particular industrially, it is applicable to any type of bitumen emulsion, in particular to emulsions stabilized by surfactants and not including any particles to allow their stabilization, it leads in a few steps to a material which is solid and in the form of finely divided particles, the size of the particles being adjustable using the parameters of the process.
- the material obtained by the process of the invention has the following advantages: it is thermally stable, in particular at high temperatures, and advantageously for a temperature up to 100 ° C.
- the solid bitumen material of the invention does not adhere and has good flowability, which facilitates handling for loading and / or unloading, transportation, storage and / or use.
- the solid bitumen material according to the invention under elevated temperature and under mechanical shear is easily leachable in liquid form at the temperatures of use of said material.
- use temperature means temperatures between 100 ° C and 180 ° C, preferably between 120 ° C and 160 ° C, more preferably between 140 ° C and 160 ° C.
- the solid bitumen material can thus, once transported, recover by heating a liquid form adapted to its use and whose properties are not modified.
- the release of the solid bitumen composition according to the invention is carried out by contacting with hot aggregates and under mechanical shear, without pre-heating the solid bitumen composition.
- bitumen compositions in a divided form, solid at room temperature, having a core / bark structure, wherein the core is bitumen-based and the coating layer imparts improved overall properties to the overall structure over known bitumen granules of the prior art.
- Ambient temperature means the temperature resulting from the climatic conditions in which the road bitumen is transported and / or stored. More precisely, the ambient temperature is equivalent to the temperature reached during the transport and / or the storage of the road bitumen, it being understood that the ambient temperature implies that no heat input is produced, other than that resulting from the climatic conditions.
- the invention relates to bitumens capable of being subjected to a high ambient temperature, in particular a temperature below 100 ° C, preferably from 20 ° C to 80 ° C.
- solid refers macroscopically to the quality of a material having a shape and a volume of its own.
- solid bitumen at ambient temperature is meant a bitumen having a solid appearance at ambient temperature regardless of the transport and / or storage conditions. More specifically, solid bitumen at ambient temperature is understood to mean a bitumen that retains its solid appearance throughout transport and / or storage at ambient temperature, that is to say a bitumen that does not flow at room temperature under its own weight and more, which does not flow when subjected to pressure forces from transport conditions and / or storage.
- solid bitumen material is meant, for example, powders, granules, particles, cakes or granular bitumen pastes.
- mineralization is meant, in the sense of the present invention, a treatment with a sol or a silica gel under conditions making it possible to form an at least partial coating based on silicon oxide around emulsion bitumen drops.
- the invention relates first of all to a process for preparing a solid bitumen material at ambient temperature, this process using a bitumen emulsion in aqueous phase.
- the process of the invention comprises, first of all, two steps, the preparation of a bitumen emulsion in aqueous phase, so as to form drops of bitumen and the preparation of a silica sol or a silica gel in substantially neutral aqueous phase, so as to form a shell comprising silicon oxide around the drops of bitumen.
- substantially neutral aqueous phase means an aqueous phase having a pH ranging from 4 to 8, advantageously a pH ranging from 5 to 7.
- the shell is preferably an essentially inorganic shell of silicon oxide.
- This last step is based on a synthesis of silicon oxide by sol-gel route. This route comprises the preparation of a sol containing at least one precursor of silicon oxide, the hydrolysis and condensation of these precursors at substantially neutral pH, and then a maturation step leading to the formation of a gel.
- the method of the invention comprises secondly a substantially neutral aqueous phase contacting step, the bitumen emulsion and the previously prepared sol or silica gel.
- the Applicant has found that the step of contacting the bitumen emulsion, preferably the stabilized bitumen emulsion, and the sol or silica gel at a substantially neutral pH, allows to initiate homogeneous mineralization of bitumen drops with silicon oxide.
- bitumen emulsion At the end of the substantially neutral aqueous phase contacting step, the bitumen emulsion, and the previously prepared sol or silica gel, a suspension of bitumen is obtained.
- “Homogeneous mineralization” means that the drop of bitumen has a layer of silicon oxide on at least 90% of its surface, preferably on at least 95% of its surface, more preferably on at least 98% of its surface.
- step a) may be performed after step b), or extemporaneously with the completion of step b).
- step a) of the process according to the invention an emulsion of drops of bitumen is prepared in an aqueous phase.
- Bitumen is a heavy product that can come from different origins.
- bitumen includes bitumens of natural origin, synthetic bitumens and modified bitumens, and mixtures thereof.
- Bitumen of natural origin include those contained in natural bitumen, natural asphalt or oil sands deposits.
- Synthetic bitumens can be selected from bitumens derived from refining crude oil, for example during atmospheric and / or vacuum distillation of petroleum. These bitumens may optionally be blown, visbroken and / or deasphalted.
- Synthetic bitumens can also be obtained by mixing different refining effluents such as deasphalting products, visbreaking residues, blowing products and / or natural asphalt, possibly associating them with the distillation residues above.
- the bitumens may be hard grade or soft grade bitumens.
- the modified bitumens may be fluxed bitumens by the addition of volatile solvents, petroleum fluxes and / or fluxes of plant origin.
- the fluxing agents used may comprise fatty acid C 6 -C 2 4 in the acid form, ester or amide in combination with a hydrocarbon cut.
- the modified bitumens may also be bitumen / polymer mixtures.
- polymers for bitumen mention may be made of elastomers such as copolymers SB (block copolymer of styrene and butadiene), SBS (styrene-butadiene-styrene block copolymer), SIS (styrene-isoprene copolymer).
- polystyrene polyethylenes PE (polyethylene), PP (polypropylene), plastomers such as EVA (polyethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer), EMA (polyethylene-methyl acrylate copolymer), copolymers of olefins and unsaturated carboxylic esters such as EBA (polyethylene-butyl acrylate copolymer), elastomeric polyolefin copolymers, polyolefin-type polyolefins, copolymers of ethyl ene and est
- additives may be added to modify the mechanical characteristics of a bitumen. It is for example vulcanizing agents and / or crosslinking agents capable of reacting with a polymer, when it is an elastomer and / or a plastomer, which can be functionalized and / or may include reactive sites.
- vulcanizing agents examples include those based on sulfur and its derivatives, used to crosslink an elastomer at contents of 0.01% to 30% by weight relative to the weight of elastomer.
- crosslinking agents mention may be made of cationic crosslinking agents such as mono- or poly-acids, or carboxylic anhydrides, carboxylic acid esters, sulphonic, sulfuric or phosphoric acids, or even acid chlorides or phenols. , at contents of 0.01% to 30% by weight relative to the weight of polymer.
- These agents are capable of reacting with the elastomer and / or the functionalized plastomer. They can be used in addition to or in replacement of vulcanizing agents.
- additives such as siccatives capable of ensuring the cohesion in time of the fluxed binder and the additives making it possible to emulsify the bitumen.
- Adhesive dopes such as amines or polyamines and / or surfactants; waxes of animal, vegetable or hydrocarbon origin; paraffins such as polymethylene paraffins and polyethylene paraffins; fluxes such as oils based on animal and / or vegetable fats or hydrocarbon oils of petroleum origin; resins of vegetable origin such as rosins; anti-foam additives; detergent and / or anti-corrosion additives; lubricant additives or anti-wear agent; crystallization modifying additives; additives inhibiting paraffin deposits; pour point depressant additives; the modifiers of low temperature rheology; antioxidants; metal passivators; acid neutralizers; additives to lower the mixing temperature of asphalt and asphalt; additives for improving the adhesion of bituminous binders to fillers and aggregates such as polyisobutylene succinimides; acids such as polyphosphoric acid or diacids, in particular fatty diacids; vulcanization accelerators such as zinc-2-mercapto
- the bitumen emulsion is a stabilized emulsion of drops of bitumen in an aqueous phase.
- bitumen to be emulsified a person skilled in the art with his general knowledge is able to determine the pH of the aqueous phase of the bitumen emulsion to obtain a stabilized emulsion of bitumen drops.
- bitumen emulsion is stabilized with surfactants.
- bitumen to be emulsified Depending on the bitumen to be emulsified and the surfactant (s) chosen, the skilled person with his general knowledge is able to determine the pH of the aqueous phase of the bitumen emulsion to obtain an emulsion of bitumen drops stabilized by surfactants.
- step a) comprises at least:
- a substep a ' consisting of the preparation of an emulsion of drops of bitumen in an aqueous phase stabilized with surfactants
- a substep a ") consisting of the addition of an additional amount of surfactants to the bitumen emulsion prepared in the substep a ').
- the surfactants added in step a ") are in aqueous solution.
- the addition of an additional amount of surfactant to the substep a ") makes it possible to aggregate the drops of bitumen obtained in the substep a ') between them in order to control the size of the aggregates of the drops of bitumen in emulsion .
- the surfactants used for the preparation of the emulsion of drops of bitumen are preferably chosen from amphoteric, anionic, nonionic or cationic surfactants.
- the surfactants used for the preparation of the emulsion of drops of bitumen are chosen from amphoteric, nonionic or cationic surfactants.
- the cationic surfactants are advantageously salts of amine compounds chosen from alkylamine salts; polyamine salts; polyamidoamine salts; alkylamidopolyamine salts; alkylpropylenepolyamine salts such as the salts of N tallowpropylenepolyamines; imidazoline salts; quaternary ammonium salts such as alkyltrimethylammonium salts such as, for example, tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB) or alkylbenzyldimethylammonium salts; and their mixtures.
- TTAB tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide
- the cationic surfactant is tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide (TTAB).
- amphoteric surfactants are advantageously chosen from alkyl amino acids or betaines.
- the nonionic surfactants are advantageously the alkyl phenols ethoxylated.
- the anionic surfactants are advantageously chosen from carboxylates; fatty acids obtained from animal and vegetable fats such as, for example, sodium stearate, tall oil (CAS No. 8002-26-4), or derivatives of tall oil such as pine oil such as Vinsol ® resin; sulfonates; and their mixtures.
- the amount of surfactant used at this stage can range from 0.1 to 10% by weight relative to the total mass of the emulsion, preferably from 0.3 to 8%, more preferably from 2 to 7% by weight. %.
- the amount of surfactant is from 0.5 to 30% by weight relative to the base weight of bitumen, more preferably from 0.5 to 20%, more preferably from 1 to 10%.
- the bitumen emulsion has no or few solid particles for stabilizing the emulsion, whether mineral or organic particles.
- the emulsion of bitumen in an aqueous phase is stabilized by solid particles. This type of emulsion, commonly called Pickering emulsion, has already been described in the prior art.
- patent application FR 2 852 964 describes the preparation of an emulsion of bitumen using a solid mineral material having a particle size ranging from 10 nm to 5 ⁇ .
- International application WO2015 / 104518 discloses a solid bitumen emulsion stabilized by a mixture of at least two types of solid particles.
- the particles used may be inorganic or organic particles.
- the solid particles are preferably selected from the group consisting of oxide particles, hydroxide particles and silicon or metal sulphate particles. More preferably, the solid particles are selected from the group consisting of particles of silicon oxide, titanium, zirconium and iron, their salts such as silicates and carbon particles.
- the organic particles there may be mentioned in particular polymeric particles, for example particles of latex or cellulose, lignin.
- At least one surfactant compound is added to the aqueous medium before the reaction of the emulsion of bitumen drops with the sol or silica gel.
- the surfactant compound may be as defined above in step a).
- the concentration of surfactant compound in the medium may be between 1.5% and 10% by weight, more preferably between 2% and 10% by weight, relative to the total weight of the aqueous medium.
- step a) which consists in preparing an emulsion of drops of bitumen in an aqueous phase, can be carried out by emulsifying, with the aid of mechanical stirring, an aqueous mixture comprising the aqueous solution, preferably the aqueous additivated solution of surfactants, and the bitumen.
- Mechanical agitation devices well known to those skilled in the art, such as Emulbitume® and Atomix®, can be used.
- the bitumen may be preheated to reduce its viscosity, preferably at a temperature between 100 ° C and 180 ° C, preferably between 120 ° C and 160 ° C, and more preferably between 140 ° C and 160 ° vs.
- An aqueous mixture comprising the aqueous phase, in particular the aqueous phase with added surfactants, and the bitumen can be obtained by pouring the hot bitumen into an aqueous composition comprising the emulsifying materials, especially in an aqueous composition comprising emulsifying and stabilizing materials, such as surfactants.
- the aqueous composition is preheated to a temperature between 30 ° C and 95 ° C to prevent the liquid bitumen solidifies immediately in contact with the aqueous phase.
- an emulsion of drops of bitumen in an aqueous phase is obtained.
- These drops may have a diameter ranging from 1 ⁇ m to 100 ⁇ m, preferably from 1 ⁇ m to 70 ⁇ m, and more preferably from 1 ⁇ m to 50 ⁇ m.
- the size of the solid bitumen particles may be adjusted in a manner known to those skilled in the art depending on the size of the desired bitumen drops, in particular by the addition of surfactants and / or by stirring the emulsion so as to favor the agglomeration of the drops.
- the emulsion may have a mass content of bitumen ranging from 1% to 90% by weight, preferably from 10% to 80% by weight, and more preferably from 20% to 70% by weight relative to the total mass of the emulsion.
- step a) The emulsion of drops of bitumen obtained in step a) can be used as it directly in step c).
- the precursor of silicon oxide may be chosen from silicates, in particular silicates of metals, of alkali metals and of alkaline earth metals.
- the silicon oxide precursor may be selected from the group consisting of sodium silicate, magnesium silicate, iron silicate, calcium silicate, potassium silicate, and mixtures thereof.
- the precursor of silicon oxide is advantageously sodium silicate.
- the sol or silica gel is advantageously prepared by using from 1 to 25% by weight of silicon oxide precursor relative to the sum of the masses of the water and the precursor.
- the silica sol or silica gel is advantageously prepared by introducing the precursor of silicon oxide into water. The mixture of water and silicon oxide precursor is then stirred until a homogeneous phase is obtained.
- the sol or silica gel thus obtained has a basic pH due to the presence of sodium hydroxide, especially a pH greater than or equal to 11.
- the sol or silica gel having a basic pH is subsequently neutralized by means of an acidic aqueous solution having a pH of less than 2.
- acidic aqueous solution is prepared using hydrochloric acid at 37% by volume having a pH of less than 2.
- the amount of acidic aqueous solution is adjusted so as to obtain a sol or a silica gel having a pH ranging from 4 to 8, advantageously a pH ranging from 5 to 7.
- the reaction of the silicon oxide precursor in a substantially neutral aqueous medium allows the formation of a sol which turns into a gel by maturation.
- the amounts of silica sol or gel and aqueous emulsion of bitumen are chosen so that the mass ratio between the bitumen and the amount of precursor (s) of silicon oxide ( implemented in step b)) is between 1 and 20, more preferably between 1 and 10.
- the amount of sol or of silica gel, calculated in equivalent of precursor (s) of silicon oxide implemented in step c) is from 5 to 80%> by mass of precursor (s) d silicon oxide with respect to the bitumen mass, more preferably from 30 to 60%.
- the mixture is allowed to stir for a period of between 30 min and 48 h, preferably between 1 h and 24 h, more preferably between 3 h and 16 h.
- stirring is preferably applied during step (c).
- This agitation is preferably gentle but continuous and is not performed by means of a blade, a magnetic bar, etc.
- the reaction medium may be placed in a rotary agitator, in particular of the roll or wheel type.
- stirring can be carried out by rolls having a diameter of 3 cm at a speed of between 5 and 50 rpm, preferably between 10 and 30 rpm.
- step c a suspension of bitumen is obtained.
- step d) makes it possible to carry out in a single step the mineralization and the drying of the bitumen suspension.
- spray-dryer or atomizer, or spray chamber, refers to the apparatus for spray drying. This spray-drying technique makes it possible to attenuate the applied capillary forces that can break the bark or shell of solid bitumen particles.
- the spray drying technique according to the invention has the advantage of providing a dried bitumen powder having good properties in terms of adhesiveness, thermal and mechanical strength, and which is in the form of a very fine granular powder. .
- the atomization makes it possible to spray the bitumen suspension obtained in step c) into fine droplets in a vertical enclosure in a stream of hot air in order to obtain a bitumen powder according to the invention and also to evaporate the phase. aqueous. Once the bitumen powder has been formed, it is entrained by a flow of air to a cyclone making it possible to separate the air from the bitumen powder according to the invention.
- the drying can be complete or partial.
- the drying is a substantially complete drying, that is to say that the moisture content of the solid particles obtained at the end of step d) is less than or equal to 5% by mass relative to the mass total particles, more preferably less than or equal to 2% by weight relative to the total mass of the particles.
- the operating conditions are chosen to promote the formation of a continuous coating layer of silicon oxide.
- the flow rate of the air injected into the atomization nozzles is between 3 and 20 L / min and more advantageously between 5 and 12 L / min.
- the diameter of the atomization nozzle is between 0.6 mm and 1.2 mm, more advantageously between 0.8 mm and 1 mm.
- the temperature of the air flowing in the vertical chamber of the atomization chamber is between 100 and 150 ° C., more advantageously between 120 and 140 ° C.
- the pumping speed of the bitumen suspension is between 20% and 50%, more advantageously between 20% and 35%.
- the differential pressure of the cyclone is between 10 and 45 mbar, more preferably between 20 and 35 mbar.
- the air flow injected into the vertical chamber of the atomization chamber is between 0.2 and 1.2 m 3 / minute, more preferably between 0.3 and 0.7 m 3 / minute.
- particles with a core / shell structure are formed comprising a bitumen base core and a silicon oxide bark. Solid particles formed from a core comprising bitumen and an essentially inorganic shell are obtained.
- the solid bitumen material obtained or obtainable by the method described above is also an object of the present invention. Indeed, when the bitumen emulsion is an emulsion, preferably stabilized by surfactants, it has no or substantially no particles for its stabilization.
- the methods of the prior art one-step digestion at very acidic pH, do not make it possible to form particles comprising a bitumen core and a silica-based envelope.
- This material is interesting in that it constitutes a new solid form of bitumen.
- This material is a solid bitumen material comprising particles formed of a core comprising bitumen and an envelope or shell.
- bitumen core / shell particles coated with a silica shell or shell which comprise in the bitumen base less than 1.4% by weight of solid particles based on the total weight of bitumen base still more preferably at most 1.2%, more preferably at most 1%, and even more preferably at most 0.5% by weight of solid particles relative to the total weight of bitumen base.
- Hull means a layer at least partially surrounding the bitumen core and comprising a homogeneous layer of silicon oxide obtained according to step d) of the process as described above.
- the term "shell” is understood to mean a layer at least partially surrounding the bitumen core and consisting of a homogeneous layer of silicon oxide obtained according to step d) of the process as described above.
- the shell based on silicon oxide represents from 5 to 35% by weight relative to the total mass of the solid bitumen material obtained at the end of step d), preferably from 5 to 30% more preferably from 10 to 25%.
- the low silica content of the materials of the invention makes it possible to prepare road bitumens by mixing with aggregates whose properties are little affected by the presence of silica.
- the material of the invention is in the form of a powder, optionally in the form of an aggregated powder, preferably in the form of a fluid powder.
- the size of the particles or grains of powder is from 1 to 500 ⁇ , still more advantageously from 5 to 300 ⁇ , more preferably from 10 to 200 ⁇ .
- the size of the particles or grains of powder is evaluated by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) or by laser granulometry.
- the residual moisture content in the material of the invention is, preferably, less than or equal to 5% by weight, more preferably less than or equal to 3% by weight, and more preferably less than or equal to 1% by weight relative to the total mass of the material.
- the solid bitumen material obtained or obtainable by the process according to the invention is particularly advantageous because it has excellent thermal stability, up to high temperatures.
- Thermal stability means that the bitumen material retains its solid structure in the form of powder and does not stick to a temperature of less than or equal to 100 ° C., preferably less than or equal to 120 ° C., even better so far as possible. at a temperature of less than or equal to 150 ° C.
- the solid bitumen material obtained or obtainable by the process according to the invention is particularly advantageous because it has excellent compressive strength.
- the solid bitumen material according to the invention can be easily relargable during the manufacture of bituminous binder. It can therefore be used after transport in a conventional manner, without the need to adapt the processes using this material.
- the uses of this bitumen can be for example in the field of road applications, particularly in the manufacture of road binders such as hot mixes, cold mixes or surface coatings, and in the fields of industrial applications, for example in the manufacture of interior and exterior coatings.
- Another object of the invention also relates to the use of the solid bitumen material at ambient temperature according to the invention as a road binder.
- the road binder can be used to manufacture mixes, in combination with aggregates according to any known method.
- the solid bitumen at ambient temperature according to the invention is used for the manufacture of bituminous mixes.
- Bituminous mixes are used as materials for the construction and maintenance of pavement bodies and their pavement, as well as for the realization of all road works. For example, superficial coatings, hot mixes, cold mixes, cold mixes, low emulsions, base layers, binding, hooking and rolling, and other combinations of a bituminous binder and road aggregate having particular properties, such as anti-rutting layers, draining asphalts, or asphalts (mixture between an asphalt binder and sand-like aggregates).
- Another subject of the invention relates to a method for manufacturing asphalt mixes comprising at least one road binder and aggregates, the road binder being chosen from solid bitumens according to the invention, this process comprising at least the steps of:
- a tank such as a kneader or a kneading drum
- the method of the invention has the advantage of being able to be implemented without the prior step of heating the solid bitumen according to the invention.
- the asphalt manufacturing process according to the invention does not require a step of heating the solid bitumen material before mixing with the aggregates because on contact hot aggregates and under a mechanical shear effect, the solid bitumen at room temperature is salted out.
- the solid bitumen at ambient temperature according to the invention as described above has the advantage of being able to be added directly to the hot aggregates, without having to be melted before mixing with the hot aggregates.
- the step of mixing the aggregates and road binder is carried out with stirring, then the stirring is maintained for at most 5 minutes, preferably at most 1 minute to allow to obtain a homogeneous mixture.
- the ambient temperature solid bitumen material according to the present invention is remarkable in that it allows the transport and / or storage of road bitumen at ambient temperature under optimum conditions, in particular without agglomeration and / or adhesion of solid bitumen during transport and / or storage, even when the ambient temperature is high.
- the coating layer of the particles breaks under the effect of contact with hot aggregates and mechanical shear and releases the bitumen base.
- the presence of the coating layer in the road binder mixture and aggregates does not degrade the properties of said road bitumen for road application, compared to an uncoated bitumen base.
- Another method of the invention also relates to a method for transporting and / or storing and / or handling road bitumen, said road bitumen being transported and / or stored and / or handled in the form of solid bitumen particles at room temperature.
- the road bitumen is transported and / or stored at a high ambient temperature for a period greater than or equal to 2 months, preferably greater than or equal to 3 months.
- the high ambient temperature is from 20 ° C to 90 ° C, preferably from 20 ° C to 80 ° C, more preferably from 40 ° C to 80 ° C, still more preferably from 40 ° C to 60 ° C .
- bitumen particles according to the invention have the advantage of maintaining their divided form, and therefore of being able to be handled, after storage and / or transport at a high ambient temperature. They have in particular the ability to flow under their own weight without flowing, which allows their storage in a packaging in bags, in drums or in containers of all shapes and sizes, then their transfer from this conditioning to equipment, such as construction equipment (tank, mixer, etc.).
- the grains of bitumen powder are preferably transported and / or stored in bulk in bags of 1 kg to 100 kg or 500 kg to 1000 kg commonly known in the field of road bitumens of "Big Bag", said bags preferably being of hot melt material. They may also be transported and / or stored in bulk in cartons of 5 kg to 30 kg or in drums of 100 kg to 200 kg.
- TTAB tetradecyltrimethylammonium bromide
- Silica precursor sodium silicate solution marketed by Sigma Aldrich under the name "Sodium silicate solution purum, 10% NaOH basis,> 27% SiO 2 basis”.
- Step a1) preparation of an emulsion of drops of bitumen Al in an aqueous phase:
- the bitumen-in-water emulsion was prepared with a colloid mill of Emulbitume®.
- the apparatus consists of two thermostatically controlled receptacles: one for the aqueous phase at 40 ° C and the other for the bitumen at 130 ° C.
- Two separate circuits bring the phases to the Atomix® mixer in which the bitumen is dispersed in the aqueous phase.
- the flow rates are controlled to obtain an emulsion with a bitumen content of 65% by weight.
- a surfactant concentration (TTAB) 4 kg / ton of emulsion was added to the bitumen emulsion previously obtained.
- TTAB previously dissolved in 6.9 g of demineralized water was added to 9 g of the bitumen emulsion obtained beforehand. The whole is transferred into a 15mL tube which is then placed on a rotating device (wheel) at 20 rpm for the night.
- Step a2) preparation of an emulsion of drops of bitumen A2 in an aqueous phase:
- the bitumen-in-water emulsion was prepared with a colloid mill of Emulbitume®.
- the apparatus consists of two thermostatically controlled receptacles: one for the aqueous phase at 40 ° C and the other for the bitumen at 130 ° C.
- Two separate circuits bring the phases to the Atomix ® mixer in which the bitumen is dispersed in the aqueous phase.
- the flow rates are controlled to obtain an emulsion with a bitumen content of 69.5% by weight.
- a surfactant concentration (TTAB) 4 kg / ton of emulsion was added to the bitumen emulsion previously obtained.
- composition A2 is obtained:
- Step a3) preparation of an emulsion of drops of bitumen A3 in an aqueous phase:
- bitumen droplet emulsion A2 The procedure for preparing the bitumen droplet emulsion A2 described above is repeated with the same amounts to prepare an emulsion of bitumen drops A3 in an aqueous phase from the bitumen base B2.
- composition A3 is obtained:
- Step b) Preparation of a silica sol or gel from a silicon oxide precursor
- Step b1) Preparation of a sol or silica gel from a silicon oxide precursor
- composition C 1 is obtained:
- Step b2) Preparation of a sol or silica gel from a silicon oxide precursor
- Step c) mixing the emulsion of bitumen drops of step a) with the sol or silica gel of step b)
- Step c1) mixing the emulsion of bitumen drops of step a1) with the sol or silica gel of step b1):
- Step c2) or c3) respectively mixing the emulsion of bitumen drops A2 of step a2) or A3 of step a3), with the sol or the silica gel C2 of step b2):
- This step makes it possible to initiate the homogeneous mineralization of the drops of bitumen respectively obtained in step a2) or in step a3) with the silicon oxide.
- Step d) Simultaneous mineralization and drying of the bitumen suspension obtained in step c)
- bitumen suspension obtained in step c1) is then mineralized and dried simultaneously using an atomizer with the following experimental conditions:
- Air flow in the atomizing chamber 0.3 m 3 / min
- Air temperature in the atomizing chamber 120 ° C
- Diameter of the spray nozzle 0.8mm
- bitumen suspension respectively A2 / C2 obtained in step c2) or A3 / C2 obtained in step c3) is then mineralized and dried simultaneously using an atomizer with the following experimental conditions:
- Air flow in the atomizing chamber 0.3 m 3 / min
- Air temperature in the atomizing chamber 120 ° C
- Air flow injected into the spray nozzles 12 L / min
- Diameter of the spray nozzle 1mm
- bitumen powders P2 (from A2 / C2) and P3 (from A3 / C2) completely dried are respectively recovered.
- the calcination of the powder PI shows that it contains 17.9% by mass of inorganic bark comprising silica.
- the calcination of the powder P2 shows that it contains 19.5% by weight of inorganic bark comprising silica.
- the indenter does not present glued bitumen.
- the compressed sample is easily removable from the crucible and the recovered P1 powder easily returns to granular form.
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Polymers & Plastics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Structural Engineering (AREA)
- Medicinal Chemistry (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Civil Engineering (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Compositions Of Macromolecular Compounds (AREA)
- Road Paving Structures (AREA)
- Silicon Compounds (AREA)
- Colloid Chemistry (AREA)
Abstract
Description
Claims
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR1563105A FR3045648B1 (fr) | 2015-12-22 | 2015-12-22 | Composition de bitume solide et son procede d’obtention |
| PCT/FR2016/053598 WO2017109401A1 (fr) | 2015-12-22 | 2016-12-21 | Procédé de préparation d'un matériau de bitume solide à température ambiante |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| EP3394208A1 true EP3394208A1 (fr) | 2018-10-31 |
Family
ID=55411627
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| EP16826428.1A Withdrawn EP3394208A1 (fr) | 2015-12-22 | 2016-12-21 | Procédé de préparation d'un matériau de bitume solide à température ambiante |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20190016894A1 (fr) |
| EP (1) | EP3394208A1 (fr) |
| FR (1) | FR3045648B1 (fr) |
| WO (1) | WO2017109401A1 (fr) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10471437B2 (en) * | 2017-01-12 | 2019-11-12 | Lake Asphalt of Trinidad and Tobago (1978) Ltd. | Process for the manufacture of Trinidad Lake Asphalt cold milled |
| FR3090682B1 (fr) | 2018-12-21 | 2021-01-15 | Institut Francais Des Sciences Et Technologies Des Transp De Lamenagement Et Des Reseaux | Procédé de préparation d’enrobés bitumineux |
| CN114437749B (zh) * | 2020-11-02 | 2023-04-11 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | 氨基富集沥青及其微球的制备方法 |
| CN115466571B (zh) * | 2022-07-25 | 2023-07-14 | 北京东方雨虹防水技术股份有限公司 | 一种水性沥青基防水涂料和制备方法 |
| CN116178974B (zh) * | 2023-03-02 | 2024-07-09 | 浙江数智交院科技股份有限公司 | 不黏轮乳化沥青及制备方法和应用 |
Family Cites Families (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US1738776A (en) * | 1927-10-06 | 1929-12-10 | Kirschbraun Lester | Aqueous dispersions and process of making same |
| DE3942215A1 (de) * | 1989-12-21 | 1991-06-27 | Degussa | Bitumengranulat und verfahren zu seiner herstellung |
| JP3935061B2 (ja) * | 2002-07-10 | 2007-06-20 | 東亜道路工業株式会社 | 舗装用アスファルト乳剤組成物 |
| FR3016366B1 (fr) * | 2014-01-13 | 2016-02-05 | Total Marketing Services | Bitume solide et son procede d'obtention |
-
2015
- 2015-12-22 FR FR1563105A patent/FR3045648B1/fr not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2016
- 2016-12-21 EP EP16826428.1A patent/EP3394208A1/fr not_active Withdrawn
- 2016-12-21 WO PCT/FR2016/053598 patent/WO2017109401A1/fr not_active Ceased
- 2016-12-21 US US16/065,218 patent/US20190016894A1/en not_active Abandoned
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| FR3045648A1 (fr) | 2017-06-23 |
| FR3045648B1 (fr) | 2020-07-31 |
| US20190016894A1 (en) | 2019-01-17 |
| WO2017109401A1 (fr) | 2017-06-29 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| EP3174925B1 (fr) | Granules de bitume routier | |
| EP3394208A1 (fr) | Procédé de préparation d'un matériau de bitume solide à température ambiante | |
| EP3559136B1 (fr) | Composition d'asphalte coulé pour la réalisation de revêtements | |
| EP3559135B1 (fr) | Liant solide a température ambiante | |
| EP3551700A1 (fr) | Bitume solide a temperature ambiante | |
| EP3612616B1 (fr) | Bitume solide a temperature ambiante | |
| EP3509735A1 (fr) | Procede de fabrication de materiau sous forme de granules utilisable comme liant routier ou liant d'etancheite et dispositif pour sa fabrication | |
| WO2018046836A1 (fr) | Composition bitumineuse pour enrobes a module eleve | |
| EP3094677B1 (fr) | Bitume solide et son procede d'obtention | |
| FR3065465B1 (fr) | Bitume solide a temperature ambiante | |
| EP3510104B1 (fr) | Bitume solide a temperature ambiante | |
| EP3394209A1 (fr) | Procédé de préparation d'un matériau de bitume solide à température ambiante | |
| EP3464473B1 (fr) | Bitume solide a temperature ambiante | |
| CA3024922C (fr) | Bitume solide a temperature ambiante | |
| BE1021856B1 (fr) | Compose calco-magnesien pour materiau routier bitumineux | |
| OA19656A (fr) | Procédé de fabrication de matériaux sous forme de granulées utilisable comme liant routier ou liant d'étanchéité et dispositif pour sa fabrication. | |
| OA19430A (fr) | Bitume solide à température ambiante. |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: UNKNOWN |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE INTERNATIONAL PUBLICATION HAS BEEN MADE |
|
| PUAI | Public reference made under article 153(3) epc to a published international application that has entered the european phase |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: 0009012 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: REQUEST FOR EXAMINATION WAS MADE |
|
| 17P | Request for examination filed |
Effective date: 20180627 |
|
| AK | Designated contracting states |
Kind code of ref document: A1 Designated state(s): AL AT BE BG CH CY CZ DE DK EE ES FI FR GB GR HR HU IE IS IT LI LT LU LV MC MK MT NL NO PL PT RO RS SE SI SK SM TR |
|
| AX | Request for extension of the european patent |
Extension state: BA ME |
|
| DAV | Request for validation of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| DAX | Request for extension of the european patent (deleted) | ||
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: EXAMINATION IS IN PROGRESS |
|
| 17Q | First examination report despatched |
Effective date: 20200217 |
|
| GRAP | Despatch of communication of intention to grant a patent |
Free format text: ORIGINAL CODE: EPIDOSNIGR1 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: GRANT OF PATENT IS INTENDED |
|
| INTG | Intention to grant announced |
Effective date: 20211129 |
|
| STAA | Information on the status of an ep patent application or granted ep patent |
Free format text: STATUS: THE APPLICATION IS DEEMED TO BE WITHDRAWN |
|
| 18D | Application deemed to be withdrawn |
Effective date: 20220412 |