EP3384487B1 - Absorbierendes akustisches metamaterial - Google Patents

Absorbierendes akustisches metamaterial Download PDF

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Publication number
EP3384487B1
EP3384487B1 EP16819595.6A EP16819595A EP3384487B1 EP 3384487 B1 EP3384487 B1 EP 3384487B1 EP 16819595 A EP16819595 A EP 16819595A EP 3384487 B1 EP3384487 B1 EP 3384487B1
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Prior art keywords
cell
groove
width
absorption
depth
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French (fr)
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EP3384487A1 (de
Inventor
Abdelkrim Khelif
Mahmoud ADDOUCHE
Aliyasin EL AYOUCH
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Universite de Franche-Comte
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Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique CNRS
Universite de Franche-Comte
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    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/172—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general using resonance effects
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/02—Mechanical acoustic impedances; Impedance matching, e.g. by horns; Acoustic resonators
    • G10K11/04—Acoustic filters ; Acoustic resonators
    • G—PHYSICS
    • G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
    • G10K—SOUND-PRODUCING DEVICES; METHODS OR DEVICES FOR PROTECTING AGAINST, OR FOR DAMPING, NOISE OR OTHER ACOUSTIC WAVES IN GENERAL; ACOUSTICS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • G10K11/00—Methods or devices for transmitting, conducting or directing sound in general; Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/16—Methods or devices for protecting against, or for damping, noise or other acoustic waves in general
    • G10K11/162—Selection of materials
    • G10K11/168—Plural layers of different materials, e.g. sandwiches

Definitions

  • the invention relates to the field of acoustic insulation.
  • the invention relates to an elementary cell of an acoustic metamaterial, and an acoustic screen comprising such a cell.
  • the known acoustic insulators of the state of the art rely on the use of intrinsic characteristics of materials in terms of absorption or reflection of sound waves.
  • the materials conventionally used for this purpose are typically porous materials, such as metal foams or polymeric materials, rock wool, glass, cotton, cork or agglomerated wood fibers.
  • a problem posed by the use of such materials lies in the fact that the choice of the material to be used is dictated by the intrinsic characteristics of the material, which limits the possibility of choosing the material with respect to a given application. In addition, relying on the intrinsic properties of the material also limits the frequency range of material response as well as manufacturing techniques.
  • acoustic panels made from such materials are heavy and bulky, especially those used for low frequencies.
  • the objective of the present invention is to solve the problems of the acoustic insulators known from the state of the art.
  • the aim of the invention is to propose a sound insulation solution which is effective and which makes it possible to have flexibility in the choice of material and the frequency range.
  • the invention also aims to reduce the size and weight of the acoustic panels
  • the subject of the invention is an elementary cell of acoustic metamaterial according to claim 1.
  • the open groove on the surface of the solid material body constitutes a reasoning cavity which makes it possible to have a high degree of spatial confinement of the acoustic energy. This confinement therefore allows good absorption of the sound waves. This also helps to induce a reduction in the reflection and transmission of sound waves.
  • solid materials for example: wood, glass, metals and polymers. This therefore allows a large margin of maneuver as regards the manufacturing techniques employed.
  • the elementary cell according to the invention can be used for a wide frequency range, ranging from 100Hz to 10kHz, which corresponds respectively to wavelengths between 3.5 meters and 3.5 centimeters.
  • the resonance frequency is related to the effective length p eff of the cavity by the expression c being the speed of sound in air.
  • the inventors have, moreover, observed that the opening width of the cavities “1” plays a determining role in the dissipation of acoustic energy.
  • the width 1 corresponding to the gap between the walls of the groove.
  • the maximum energy density reached calculated as the sum of the kinetic energy and the potential energy, evolves logarithmically with respect to the width of the openings E max ⁇ log( l )
  • the energy density confined in the cavity is controlled by the cavity width.
  • the groove is cylindrical, polygonal or rectilinear.
  • the flexibility in terms of groove geometry allows you to choose the pattern you want, for example to improve the aesthetics of the overall structure.
  • said groove is discontinuous and is in the form of sectors separated by the material solid constituent of the body. This widens the absorption frequency band.
  • the cell body comprises several grooves. This increases the absorption of sound waves.
  • said grooves are concentric. This mode of distribution has the advantage of guaranteeing spatial homogeneity of absorption of the sound waves, due to the symmetry.
  • the groove(s) have(have) a constant width 1 over the entire depth p of said groove(s).
  • At least two grooves have widths 1 and depths p that are different from each other. This makes it possible to widen the absorption frequency band and to control the absorption efficiency by frequency. Indeed, the geometric dimensions of the grooves make it possible to control both the frequency and the efficiency of the absorption.
  • the depth p determines the absorption frequency of each groove, and the width 1 determines its absorption efficiency.
  • the solid material body comprises at least one through notch.
  • a notch allows the circulation of air and promotes heat exchange between two media separated by the cell or a panel comprising the cell.
  • groove (s) is (are) folded (s) so as to have only one opening and several folds inside the cell.
  • the space folding technique makes it possible to reduce the thickness of a cell. This reduction in thickness is particularly important to obtain a low frequency absorption without increasing the thickness of the cell.
  • the thickness of the structure defined by the depth of the groove, can be divided by 10, while maintaining the same absorption performance.
  • At least one groove contains a fluid or polymer.
  • Said fluid or polymer can be contained using a thin membrane on the surface of said cell. This makes it possible to induce or increase acoustic absorption at even lower frequencies, depending on the nature of the fluid, i.e. gas or liquid, or of the polymer.
  • the cell body is cylindrical, parallelepipedal or pyramidal. This flexibility regarding the overall shape of the cell facilitates the design.
  • the invention also relates to an acoustic screen in the form of a panel comprising at least one elementary cell of metamaterial according to the invention.
  • a acoustic screen in the form of a panel comprising at least one elementary cell of metamaterial according to the invention.
  • Such a screen can only comprise elementary absorbing cells according to the invention, but it can also comprise other acoustic elements, for example reflective acoustic cells.
  • said acoustic screen comprises a multitude of elementary cells according to the invention, arranged so that each cell is capable of acting on another neighboring cell, so as to modify the resonance frequencies. It also allows you to generate an interaction favorable to the absorption of sound waves. The interaction between cells makes it possible to broaden the absorption spectrum and to locally increase the transmission or the reflection, which makes it possible to better isolate a room or to suppress its noise.
  • plane of the panel is meant, in the sense of the present application, the surface of the panel which can be flat or curved.
  • the elementary cells are arranged in said panel periodically.
  • said panel For example, according to particular square, triangular or honeycomb-shaped patterns.
  • the periodicity patterns make it possible to promote the emergence of an attenuation effect due to the network arrangement of resonant units.
  • FIG. 1a represents isometric view of an elementary cell 1 of an acoustic metamaterial.
  • FIG. 1b and 1c represent respectively a top view and a view of a longitudinal section along the axis AA of cell 1.
  • the cell 1 comprises a cylindrical solid body 2 comprising a groove 3 which is also cylindrical.
  • Groove 3 is characterized by a depth p and a width 1, as shown in figure 1c . Width 1 being the distance between the side walls of groove 3.
  • the presence of the groove which constitutes a reasoning cavity, makes it possible to have a high degree of spatial confinement of the acoustic energy, which consequently makes it possible to absorb the sound waves and induce a reduction in the reflection and the transmission.
  • the depth p defines the resonance frequency and the width 1 determines the efficiency of the cell. It is therefore possible to play on these two parameters to adjust the frequency and the efficiency of absorption of the sound waves by the elementary cell 1.
  • FIG. 2a represents an isometric view of an elementary cell 1′ parallelepipedic.
  • THE figures 2b and 2c represent respectively a top view and a view of a longitudinal section along the axis A'A', of the cell 1'.
  • the cell 1' comprises a solid parallelepipedal body 2' comprising a linear groove 3'.
  • the groove 3' is characterized by a depth p' and a width 1', as in the case of the example of the figure 1c .
  • FIG. 3a represents an isometric view of an elementary cell 10 comprising a cylindrical solid body 20 and three concentric cylindrical grooves 30, 31, 32.
  • figures 3b and 3c represent respectively a top view and a view of a longitudinal section along the axis BB, of the cell 10.
  • the three grooves 30, 31, 32 have the same depth and the same width as shown in the figure 3c .
  • FIG. 3d figure illustrates a view of a section similar to the view illustrated in the figure 3c , a cell 10' which comprises a solid cylindrical body 20' and three concentric cylindrical grooves 30', 31', 32'.
  • the cell 10' is identical to that 10 illustrated in the figures 3a to 3C , except as regards the depths and widths of the grooves 30', 31', 32' which are different for each of the three grooves 31', 32', 33'. This makes it possible to have a different resonant frequency and absorption efficiency for each groove.
  • FIG 4a represents an isometric view of a 10" parallelepipedic elementary cell.
  • figures 4b and 4c represent respectively a top view and a view of a longitudinal section along the axis B"B", of the cell 10".
  • the 10" cell has a solid 20" parallelepipedic body comprising three grooves 30", 31", 32" which have the same depth and the same width as shown in the sectional view of the figure 4c .
  • FIG 5a represents, an isometric view, of an elementary cell 100 according to an embodiment, in which the cell 100 comprises a solid cylindrical body 200 and a cylindrical groove 300 folded.
  • THE figures 5b and 5c represent respectively a top view and a view of a longitudinal section along the axis CC, of the cell 100.
  • FIG. 5c illustrates the folds of the groove 300.
  • the folding of the groove 300 makes it possible to considerably reduce the thickness of the cell 100, while retaining the absorption efficiency of a groove whose depth corresponds to the length of the walls of the groove 300.
  • FIG. 6a represents an isometric view of an elementary cell 100′ parallelepiped, comprising a solid body 200′ parallelepiped and a linear groove 300′ folded over.
  • THE figures 6b and 6c represent respectively a top view and a view of a longitudinal section along the axis C'C' of the cell 100'.
  • the parallelepipedal shape has the advantage of allowing better filling of the surface of an acoustic panel.
  • FIG 7 illustrates the absorption response of an elementary cell according to the example embodiment presented in the diagrams of the figures 3a to 3c , but with a different depth for each groove.
  • This elementary cell has an overall height of 196.5 mm and comprises 3 resonant cavities in the form of concentric cylindrical grooves with a fixed width of 2.7 mm, and different depths of 160.5 mm, 177 mm, and 193.5 mm, respectively.
  • the characterization presented which makes it possible to study the acoustic properties of said cell for audible frequencies, is obtained using a standing wave tube equipped with 4 microphones.
  • the diameter of the transmission tube used is 100 mm, which makes it possible to carry out measurements for the frequency intervals of [50:1600]-Hz.
  • a loudspeaker placed at one end of the tube, generates white noise on the frequency band that interests us.
  • Pressure measurements are made using two terminations with different impedances.
  • Said cells each have a cylindrical groove with a depth of 100 mm and groove widths of 15 mm, 10 mm, 5 mm, and 2 mm, respectively.
  • the radius of each cell is 25 mm.

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  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Acoustics & Sound (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Soundproofing, Sound Blocking, And Sound Damping (AREA)

Claims (12)

  1. Elementarzelle (100) aus akustischem Metamaterial, umfassend:
    - einen Körper (200) aus festem Material und
    - mindestens einen Resonator in Form einer Rille (300) mit Breite I und Tiefe p,
    dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Rille (300) ausschließlich an einer Oberfläche des Körpers entlang einer zylindrischen Form offen ist, wobei die Rille(n) (300) in einem Abschnitt orthogonal zu der Oberfläche gefaltet ist/sind, so dass sie nur eine Öffnung an der Oberfläche und mehrere Falten im Inneren der Zelle (100) aufweist/aufweisen.
  2. Zelle (100) nach Anspruch 1, wobei die Rille diskontinuierlich ist und in Form von Abschnitten vorliegt, die durch das feste Material, aus dem der Körper besteht, getrennt sind.
  3. Zelle (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 2, wobei der Zellenkörper mehrere Rillen vorweist.
  4. Zelle (100) nach Anspruch 3, wobei die Rillen (300) konzentrisch sind.
  5. Zelle (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 4, wobei die Rille(n) (300) eine konstante Breite I über die gesamte Tiefe p der Rille (300) aufweist/aufweisen.
  6. Zelle (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 3 bis 5, wobei mindestens zwei Rillen voneinander abweichende Breiten I und/oder Tiefen p aufweisen.
  7. Zelle (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 6, wobei mindestens eine Rille ein Fluid oder Polymer enthält.
  8. Zelle (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 7, wobei der Zellenkörper (200) zylindrisch ist.
  9. Akustikschirm in Form einer Platte, umfassend mindestens eine Elementarzelle (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8.
  10. Akustikschirm nach Anspruch 9, umfassend eine Vielzahl von Elementarzellen (100), die so angeordnet sind, dass jede Zelle (100) in der Lage ist, auf eine andere benachbarte Zelle (100) einzuwirken, um die Resonanzfrequenzen zu modifizieren.
  11. Akustikschirm nach Anspruch 10, wobei die Elementarzellen (100) in der Platte periodisch angeordnet sind.
  12. Verfahren zum Bestimmen der Tiefe p und der Breite I einer Zelle (100) nach einem der Ansprüche 1 bis 8, dadurch gekennzeichnet, dass die Tiefe p durch eine Resonanzfrequenz, f, der Zelle gemäß einer Beziehung f = c 4 p
    Figure imgb0005
     bestimmt wird, wobei c die Schallgeschwindigkeit in Luft ist, und dass die Breite I durch ein Dichtemaximum der in der Zelle eingeschlossenen Energie gemäß einer experimentell bestimmten logarithmischen Beziehung Emax ∝ log(l) bestimmt wird.
EP16819595.6A 2015-12-02 2016-12-02 Absorbierendes akustisches metamaterial Active EP3384487B1 (de)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
FR1561744A FR3044812B1 (fr) 2015-12-02 2015-12-02 Metamateriau acoustique absorbant
PCT/FR2016/053190 WO2017093693A1 (fr) 2015-12-02 2016-12-02 Métamatériau acoustique absorbant

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
EP3384487A1 EP3384487A1 (de) 2018-10-10
EP3384487B1 true EP3384487B1 (de) 2023-04-19

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US (1) US11081095B2 (de)
EP (1) EP3384487B1 (de)
JP (1) JP6822643B2 (de)
FR (1) FR3044812B1 (de)
WO (1) WO2017093693A1 (de)

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KR101825480B1 (ko) * 2016-04-29 2018-03-23 서울대학교산학협력단 음향 파라미터 제어형 메타 원자 및 이를 포함하는 메타 물질
WO2018146489A1 (en) 2017-02-09 2018-08-16 The University Of Sussex Acoustic wave manipulation by means of a time delay array
CN110880312B (zh) * 2018-09-05 2023-10-27 湖南大学 一种水下亚波长局域共振型声学超材料
CN110011068B (zh) * 2019-04-26 2021-04-02 内蒙古大学 一种频率可主动调谐的太赫兹超材料吸波器及其制造方法
CN111105774A (zh) * 2019-10-29 2020-05-05 同济大学 亥姆霍兹共振器及基于其的低频宽带吸声降噪结构
TWI818224B (zh) * 2021-01-13 2023-10-11 逸陞有限公司 降噪模組
CN114104234B (zh) * 2021-11-30 2023-08-08 浙江大学 覆盖层漫反射式吸声超结构单元及超结构
EP4404221A1 (de) * 2023-01-20 2024-07-24 Hitachi Energy Ltd Vorrichtung zur reduzierung von durch einen transformator verursachtem rauschen und system
GB202301232D0 (en) * 2023-01-27 2023-03-15 Metasonixx Ltd Acoustic metamaterial structures

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EP1031671A3 (de) * 1999-02-24 2002-11-13 William Garrard (Leighton Buzzard) Limited Tragende Schalldämmelemente
US20050258000A1 (en) * 2004-05-20 2005-11-24 Hiroshi Yano Noise reducing equipment
EP2272061A1 (de) * 2008-03-03 2011-01-12 3M Innovative Properties Company Prozess zur verwaltung hörbarer akustischer frequenzen in gasströmungssystemen
CN102057421B (zh) * 2008-04-14 2014-12-10 3M创新有限公司 多层吸声片材
GB0901982D0 (en) * 2009-02-06 2009-03-11 Univ Loughborough Attenuators, arrangements of attenuators, acoustic barriers and methods for constructing acoustic barriers
KR102046102B1 (ko) * 2012-03-16 2019-12-02 삼성전자주식회사 메타물질의 코일 기반 인공원자, 이를 포함하는 메타물질 및 소자
US9179220B2 (en) * 2012-07-10 2015-11-03 Google Inc. Life safety device with folded resonant cavity for low frequency alarm tones
US9330651B1 (en) * 2015-07-16 2016-05-03 Hong Jen Wang Acoustic absorbing combination
CN110832576B (zh) * 2017-07-28 2023-05-26 揖斐电株式会社 吸音部件、车辆用构件和汽车

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Publication number Publication date
EP3384487A1 (de) 2018-10-10
JP6822643B2 (ja) 2021-01-27
JP2018536201A (ja) 2018-12-06
FR3044812A1 (fr) 2017-06-09
WO2017093693A1 (fr) 2017-06-08
US11081095B2 (en) 2021-08-03
US20180357994A1 (en) 2018-12-13
FR3044812B1 (fr) 2018-11-02

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