EP3384096A1

EP3384096A1 - Arrangement for providing a pulsing compressive force

Info

Publication number: EP3384096A1
Application number: EP15812936.1A
Authority: EP
Inventors: Lukas RECHER
Original assignee: Ammann Schweiz AG
Current assignee: Ammann Schweiz AG
Priority date: 2015-12-03
Filing date: 2015-12-03
Publication date: 2018-10-10
Anticipated expiration: 2035-12-03
Also published as: AU2015416104A1; CA3006611A1; WO2017091912A1; US20180355572A1; JP2018536106A; EP3384096B1; US10428482B2

Abstract

The invention relates to an arrangement for providing a pulsing compressive force for ground compacting devices. The arrangement comprises a first mass (1), which provides a contact surface (2) for transferring the pulsing compressive force onto the ground surface (3) to be compacted, and a second mass (4), which is coupled to the first mass (1) via a spring-damper system (5, 6) to form a vibrating system (1, 4, 5, 6). The arrangement further comprises an unbalance exciter (7), by means of which the vibrating system (1, 4, 5, 6) can be excited to vibrate. In addition, in the static state, the second mass (4) exerts a static force on the first mass (1) via the spring-damper system (5, 6), in the direction of gravity (S1). The first mass (1) and the second mass (4) are coupled to one another via the spring-damper system (5, 6) in such a way that no forces can be transferred from the first mass (1) to the second mass (4) in the direction of gravity (S1) and no forces can be transferred from the second mass (4) to the first mass (1) in the direction opposite to the direction of gravity. In addition, the arrangement is designed such that the coupling of the two masses (1, 4) can be temporarily suspended during the intended operation, by a vibratory movement of the second mass (4) opposite to the direction of gravity, the second mass (4) can then execute a part of its oscillation path in the uncoupled state, and the coupling of the masses (1, 4) via the spring-damper system (5, 6) is then reproduced, following a reversal in direction of the vibratory movement of the second mass (4). It has been shown that ground compacting devices can be provided by means of such arrangements according to the invention, which devices generate ground compacting forces during loaded operation (permanent contact with the ground), which, for a short time, are significantly greater than twice the weight of the machine.

Description

Arrangement for providing a pulsating

Pressure force TECHNICAL AREA

The invention relates to an arrangement for providing a pulsating compressive force, a soil compacting device comprising such an arrangement, the use of the soil compaction device for compaction of asphalt and a method for operating such an arrangement or soil compaction device according to the preambles of the independent claims. STATE OF THE ART

In the field of soil compaction compression equipment is used, in which the usually formed by a flat plate or a roll body (bandage) ground contact surface is vibrated by means of an imbalance exciter and thereby exerts a pulsating pressure force on the ground.

As a result, ground compaction forces can be achieved with simple compaction equipment in on-load operation (permanent ground contact), which correspond to 2 times the machine weight for a short time. If a temporary lifting of the ground contact area from the ground is permitted, it is even possible to achieve soil compaction forces which correspond to 2.5 times the machine weight for a short time.

In more complex compactors, which work according to the so-called absorber principle, the plate or the roller body is connected via a spring-damper system with an absorber mass arranged above it, which is also excited via the spring-damper system to vibrate. Oscillates the absorber mass in phase with the same frequency (1: 1 resonance) or Half the frequency (2: 1 resonance) of the plate or the roller body, so can be achieved with this machine concept soil compaction forces, which correspond to more than three times the weight of the machine, when the Ab ^¬ lift the ground contact surface from the ground is allowed. Such soil compacting devices are known, for example, from WO 2011 / - 127611 A2.

In particular, in the compaction of asphalt lifting the ground contact surface from the ground, however, is inadmissible, since it would come in such a compacting operation to a fragmentation of the mineral material on the As ^¬ phaltoberfläche, which is essential to prevent. Nevertheless, there is still a continuing need for machines with higher compaction performance.

PRESENTATION OF THE INVENTION

Therefore it has as its object to provide a measure ^¬ schin concept available, can be obtained with the known in Auflastbetrieb significantly higher compression performance than before.

This object is solved by the subject matter of claim 1.

Accordingly, a first aspect of the invention relates to an arrangement ^¬ to provide a pulsating pressure force. The arrangement comprises a first Mas ^¬ se, which provides a contact surface for transmitting the pulsating compressive force on a corporeality, for example, to a bottom surface to be compacted. Further, the arrangement comprises a second mass, which is coupled to each other via a first spring-damper system with the first mass to a first oscillatory system. Furthermore, the arrangement comprises an unbalance exciter, by means of which this oscillatory system can be excited to oscillate, preferably to resonant oscillations. In the static state of the first oscillatory system, ie when the system is at rest, the second mass exerts a static force in a first direction on the first mass via the first spring-damper system. In this case, the coupling of the first mass and the second mass via the first spring-damper system is realized such that no forces are transmitted from the first mass in the first direction to the second mass via the first spring-damper system during normal operation and can no forces from the second mass in a second direction which is directed opposite to the ers ^¬ th direction, to the first mass may be transferred. In addition, the arrangement is structurally designed such that this so-called "unilateral coupling" of the two masses on the first spring-damper system during normal operation be ^¬ preferably periodically (ie repeated at regular intervals) by a swinging motion of the second mass in the second direction can temporarily be canceled and the second mass then perform a part of their swing path in the decoupled state _p before after doing a reversal of direction of the swinging motion of the second mass, the coupling of the two masses on the first spring-damper system is restored in particular abruptly The bearing or guiding of the second mass is thus configured in such a way that, during normal operation, it can execute a movement path in which the temporary decoupling described above is possible.

It has been shown that with such arrangements according to the invention it is possible to provide soil compaction equipment which achieves soil compaction forces in continuous load operation (permanent ground contact) which are for a short time considerably greater than twice the machine weight.

In a preferred embodiment of the inventive arrangement, the first mass and the second mass coupled to the first spring-damper system such that the second mass when swinging in normal operation by a movement in the second direction of the first spring-damper system temporarily decouple and can perform a part of their swing path in the decoupled state before it then returns after a reversal of direction of motion in particular abruptly back to the first spring-damper system, while the first mass is fixed or non-decoupled during normal operation connected to the first spring-damper system and thereby a part of this first Mass forms.

In another preferred embodiment, the mutatis mutandis reverse coupling situation is provided, i. the first mass is temporarily decoupled from the first spring-damper system.

Depending on the structural design of the Anord ^¬ planning one or the other variant may be more advantageous.

In a further preferred embodiment of the arrangement, the second mass exerts a static pressure force on the first mass in the static state of the first oscillatory system via the first spring-damper system. In this case, the first mass and the second mass are coupled to one another in such a way via the first spring-damper system that only pressure forces between the two masses can be transmitted via the first spring-damper system.

In another preferred embodiment of the arrangement exerts in the static state of the first oscillatory system, the second mass on the first

Spring damper system exerts a static pulling force on the first mass. In this case, the first and the second mass are coupled to one another in such a way via the first spring / damper system that exclusively tensile forces can be transmitted between the two masses via the first spring / damper system. Depending on the constructive configuration of the arrangement, one or the other variant can also be more advantageous here.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention, the static force exerted on the first mass by the second mass via the first spring-damper system in the static state of the first oscillatable system extends essentially in the direction of gravity. Such arrangements according to the invention are particularly suitable for soil compacting devices and piling devices.

In particular when using the arrangement according to the invention in soil compacting devices, it is further preferred that the static force exerted on the first mass by the second mass via the first spring / damper system in the static state of the first oscillatable system is entirely or at least partially transmitted through the first mass Weight of the second mass is generated.

Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that the static force exerted on the first mass by the second mass via the first spring-damper system in the static state of the first oscillatory system is generated entirely or at least partially by a force acting on the second mass. Particularly in applications where the first direction is oblique or even horizontal, e.g. when using the inventive arrangement in a horizontally oriented drilling machine for generating a pulsating pressing force of the drill to the processing site, this embodiment is advantageous to necessary.

In a preferred variant, it is provided that the force acting on the second mass acts on the mass via one or more spring elements. As a result, in such embodiments, the vibration behavior of the second mass can be adjusted in a targeted manner. It is further provided in a preferred embodiment of the latter variant that the one or more spring elements are ver ^¬ connected with the first mass, so that in the static state of the first oscillatory system via this or these Federele- elements transmit a force to the first mass which acts in the second direction.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the arrangement according to the first aspect of the invention ^¬ the first mass and the second mass via a further spring-damper system are coupled together. Preferably, the spring constant and / or the damping of this further spring-damper system is smaller than the spring constant and / or the damping of the first spring-damper system.

It is in a first variant of this

Embodiment of the arrangement further preferred that the first mass and the second mass are coupled to each other via the further spring-damper system, that between the other spring-damper system and the two masses forces in the first direction and in the second direction are transferable. In other words, the further spring-damper system couples in this variant, the two masses so both sides, i. such that both tensile and compressive forces can be transmitted between the masses.

In a second variant of this embodiment of the arrangement, the first mass and the second mass are coupled to each other via the further spring-damper system in such a way that no forces from the second mass in the first direction to the first via the further spring-damper system Mass are transferable and no forces from the first mass in the second direction to the second mass are transferable. In other words, in this second variant, the further spring / damper system thus couples the two masses to one another in such a way that only either tensile or Compressive forces between the masses can be transmitted. In this case, the arrangement is designed such that this so-called "unilateral coupling" of the two masses on the further spring-damper system during normal operation preferably periodically repealed by a swinging movement of the second mass in the first direction and the second mass then can perform a part of its oscillating path in the decoupled state before the coupling of the two compounds is prepared by the further spring-Dämp ^¬ fer system in particular abruptly after a while fully led Rich ^¬ tung reversing the oscillating movement of the second mass.

It is in the aforementioned Execute ^¬ Ungen the arrangement in the event that the force exerted in the static state of the first oscillatory system of the first ground static force acting spring elements is produced entirely or partially over one or more of the second mass, preferably, that this or these spring elements are part of the other spring-damper system.

In yet another preferred embodiment, the arrangement according to the first aspect of the invention, a third mass, which is coupled to the first mass via a second spring-damper system to a second oscillatory system and / or which with the second mass via a third spring-damper system is coupled to a third oscillatory system. Depending on the configuration and coordination of the masses and spring-damper systems of the arrangement as well as the excitation of the same by means of the imbalance exciter, this third mass can serve, for example, as a "Ruhepol", which makes virtually no oscillatory movement and for the arrangement of drive motors, controls and controls and, in the case of vertical orientation of the first direction, additionally forms a load in this direction, or can also serve as a "damping mass", which in particular in phase with the first mass oscillates, in particular with the oscillation frequency of the first mass or with half or one third of the oscillation frequency of the first mass, and thereby additionally contributes a part of the pulsating compressive force in the first direction.

It is provided in a preferred variant that the third mass and the first mass via a second spring-damper system are mitein ^¬ other coupled, that between the second spring-damper system and these two masses both forces in the first Direction as well as in the second direction are transferable. In other words, in this variant, the second spring-damper system thus couples these two masses to one another on both sides, ie in such a way that both tensile and compressive forces can be transmitted between these masses.

Alternatively or additionally, it is provided that the third mass and the second mass are coupled to one another via a third spring-damper system in the manner described above.

In this case, in a first preferred ^variant, the coupling of the third mass and the second mass is such that both forces in the first direction and in the second direction can be transmitted between the third spring-damper system and these two masses, these two So masses are coupled on both sides, so that both tensile and compressive forces can be transmitted between these masses.

In a second preferred variant, the third mass and the second mass are coupled together via the third spring-damper system in such a way that no forces can be transmitted from the second mass in the first direction to the third mass via the third spring-damper system and no forces from the third mass in the second direction to the second mass are transferable. In other words, the third spring-damper system coupled in this variant, these two masses so one-sided, such that only either tensile or compressive forces can be transmitted between these masses. In this case, the arrangement is configured such that this so-called "unilateral coupling" of the two masses via the third spring-damper system in Bestiramungsgemässen operation can be temporarily suspended temporarily by a swinging motion of the second mass in the first direction and the second mass Then, in the decoupled state can perform a part of their swing path, before after doing a reversal of direction while the Schwingbewe ^¬ tion of the second mass, the coupling of the two masses on the third spring-damper system in particular shock ^{¬ is} restored.

Preferably, the oscillatory systems of the arrangement according to the invention are set or adjustable in such a way that the second mass is in phase with the first mass when the first oscillatory system (first mass, first spring-damper system, second mass) resonates in the intended operation oscillates, in particular with the oscillation frequency of the first mass or with half or one third of the oscillation frequency of the first mass. As a result, particularly large pulsating pressure forces can be generated.

Also, in preferred embodiments, the assembly has a third mass coupled to the first mass via a second spring-damper system to a second oscillatable system and / or to the second mass via a third spring Damper system is coupled to a third oscillatory system provided that the oscillatory systems of the arrangement are set or adjustable such that in the normal operation of the arrangement in a preferably resonantly oscillating first oscillatory system (first mass, first spring damper system). System, second mass) the third mass in the Essentially no oscillatory motion performs. As a result, the third mass, for example, serve as a "Ruhepol" and is suitable for the arrangement of drive motors, controls and controls it.

The unbalance exciter of the arrangement according to the invention, which is preferably designed as a directional oscillator or as a circular oscillator, forms part of the first mass or part of the second mass with Vor ^¬ part and stimulates this mass in normal operation to oscillate. With the last-mentioned embodiment variant of the arrangement, particularly large pulsating pressure forces can be generated.

In a further preferred embodiment of the arrangement according to the invention, the claimed second mass is formed by a plurality of sub-masses, preferably by exactly two sub-masses, which are advantageously the same weight. These sub-masses are coupled in each case via its own claim according to the first spring-damper system with the first mass to its own claim according to the first oscillatory system.

The contact surface provided by the first mass for transmitting the pulsating compressive force to a corporeality is preferably the outer surface of the bandage of a roller, the underside of the bottom plate of a vibrating plate, the working surface of a chisel or boring tool or the contact surface of the vibrating beam of a paver.

In embodiments in which the functionality provided by the first ground contact surface to Übertra ^¬ supply the pulsating pressure force to a physicality is the outer surface of the bandage a roll, it is further preferred that the second mass is formed by one or a plurality of annular weights or includes such which are arranged within the bandage and can perform therein a swinging movement in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the bandage. In particular, in the event that the unbalance shaft of the unbalance exciter passes through the or the annular weights, extremely compact arrangements according to the invention are possible.

A second aspect of the invention relates to a soil compaction apparatus comprising an assembly according to the first aspect of the invention, namely be ^¬ vorzugterweise a vibrating plate or roller, preferably vibration excited by one or two drums.

A third aspect of the invention relates to

Use of the soil compaction device according to the second aspect of the invention for compaction of asphalt. In such uses of the devices, the advantages of the invention become particularly apparent.

A fourth aspect of the invention relates to

Method for operating an arrangement according to the first aspect of the invention or a soil compacting device according to the second aspect of the invention. In this case, the contact surface of the first mass, for example, the underside of the bottom plate of a device equipped with the inventive arrangement vibration plate or the drill tip of an inventive arrangement equipped rotary hammer, brought into contact with a physicality, for example, with a bottom surface to be compacted or one with a bore to be provided building wall. When in contact with the physical contact surface, the first oscillatory system is excited with the unbalance exciter to vibrate such that the Kopp ^¬ ment of the two masses on the first spring-damper system by a swinging motion of the second mass in the second direction , Preferably, at regular intervals (periodically), temporarily canceled, the second mass then performs in the decoupled state, a part of their swing path, and then the coupling of the two masses on the first spring-damper system after a direction reversal of the oscillatory motion of the second mass is in particular abruptly restored.

The inventive method is particularly large pulsating pressure forces to be processed physicality can initiate, and in the case of operation of soil compacting devices in Auflastbetrieb (permanent contact with the ground) soil compaction forces it ^¬ locations, which are briefly significantly greater than 2-fold of the machine weight.

Preferably, the contact surface of the first mass is kept in contact with the physicality during exposure to the corporeality. This variant of the method is of particular importance in the compaction of asphalt, since jumping the contact surface of the compacting device would lead to fragmentation of the mineral material in the asphalt surface, which must be avoided at all costs.

In a preferred embodiment of the method, the oscillatory systems of the arrangement are excited to oscillate in such a way that the second mass oscillates in phase with the first mass, preferably with the oscillation frequency of the first mass or with half or with one third of the oscillation frequency of the first mass. As a result, particularly large pulsating pressure forces can be generated.

In yet another preferred embodiment of the method an inventive An ^¬ order is used, which has a third mass, and it will be the vibratable systems the arrangement derar- excited tig to vibrations that the third mass essentially performs no oscillating motion.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

Further embodiments, advantages and applications of the invention are evident from the dependent claims. Proverbs and from the following description based on the figures. Showing:

Figures la and 1b the vibration control models of two variants of a first inventive arrangement;

Figures 2a and 2b, the vibration engineering

Models of two variants of a second arrangement according to the invention;

FIGS. 3a and 3b show the vibration-technical models of two variants of a third arrangement according to the invention;

FIGS. 4a and 4b show the vibration-technical models of two variants of a fourth arrangement according to the invention;

FIGS. 5a and 5b show the vibration-technical models of two variants of a fifth arrangement according to the invention;

5c shows the vibration-technical model of a sub-variant of the variant shown in FIG. 5a;

Figures 6a and 6b, the vibration control models of two variants of a sixth erfindungsgemääs ^¬ sen arrangement;

FIGS. 7a and 7b show the vibration-technical models of two variants of a seventh arrangement according to the invention;

Figures 8a and 8b the vibration engineering

Models of two variants of an eighth arrangement according to the invention;

9 shows the vibration control model of a ninth arrangement according to the invention;

FIG. 10 is a side view of erfindungsgemäs ^¬ sen tandem roller for asphalt compaction;

FIG. 11 shows a section through the front bandage of the tandem roller from FIG. 10 along the line A-A; FIG.

FIG. 12 is an illustration like FIG. 11 of an embodiment of the bandage; FIG. and Fig. 13 is a representation like Fig. 11 of another embodiment of the bandage.

WAYS FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

FIGS. 1 a and 1 b show the vibration-mechanical models of two variants of a first arrangement according to the invention for providing a pulsating pressure force, which is part of a vibration-excited roller for compaction of the soil.

As can be seen, this arrangement comprises a first mass 1, which provides a contact surface 2 in the form of the outer surface of the bandage of the roller for transmitting the pulsating compressive force to the Bodenflä ^¬ che 3 to be compacted. Furthermore, the arrangement comprises a second mass 4, which is coupled via a spring-damper system 5, 6 (according to the claims first spring-damper system) with the first mass 1 to a vibratory system 1, 4, 5, 6 (according Anspruchgemässes first oscillatory system).

Also, the arrangement comprises an unbalance exciter 7, by means of which this oscillatory system 1, 4, 5, 6 can be excited to vibrate. In the static state of this system 1, 4, 5, 6, the second mass 4 exerts due to their weight force on the spring-damper system 5, 6 a static force in the direction Sl (demanding first direction) on the first mass which in the present case is identical to the gravitational direction.

In this case, the first mass 1 and the second mass 4 are coupled to one another via the spring / damper system 5, 6 in such a way that no forces from the first mass 1 in the direction S1 to the first mass 1 in the direction S1 are produced by this system 5, 6 second mass 4 can be transmitted and no forces from the second mass 4 in a direction S2 (claim second direction), which is opposite to the direction Sl, can be transmitted to the first mass 1. In the present case, therefore, the second mass 4 in the static state of the system 1, 4, 5, 6 via the spring damper system 5, 6 exerts a static compressive force in the direction of gravity on the first mass 1 and the coupling is such that over the spring-damper system 5, 6 exclusively compressive forces between the two masses 1, 4 can be transmitted.

The arrangement shown here model is further designed such that the coupling of the two masses 1, 4 via the spring-damper system 5, 6 in normal operation periodically by a

Swinging motion of the second mass 4 in the direction S2, i. contrary to the direction of gravity, can be temporarily suspended, the second mass then perform a part of their swing path in the decoupled state, and the coupling via the spring-damper system 5, 6 then after a reversal of direction of the swinging motion of the second mass 4 is restored. In the present case, the temporary cancellation of the coupling of the two masses 1, 4 via the spring-damper system 5, 6 takes place by a temporary decoupling of the second mass 4 of the spring-damper system 5, 6. This coupling situation is shown in the figures indicated by the distance between the spring-damper system 5, 6 and the second mass 4.

The variants according to FIGS. 1 a and 1 b differ only in that in the former variant the unbalance exciter 7 is part of the first mass 1 and excites it to vibrate during normal operation, whereas in the last-mentioned variant it is part of the second mass 4 it is within the intended use Operation to vibrate. This is also the only difference between the variants of the various embodiments of the arrangement according to the invention, each of which is labeled "a" and "b" below.

FIGS. 2 a and 2 b show the vibration-technical models of two variants of a second invention. The arrangement according to the invention for providing a pulsating compressive force, which differs from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1a and 1b only in that the first mass 1 and the second mass 4 are additionally coupled to one another via a further spring-damper system 8, 9, whose spring constant and damping is smaller than the spring constant and damping of the first spring-damper system 5, 6.

In the present case, the first mass 1 and the second mass 4 are such over this further

Spring-damper system 8, 9 coupled together that between this spring-damper system 8, 9 and the two masses 1, 4 forces in the two directions Sl, S2 are transferable.

FIGS. 3 a and 3 b show the vibration-mechanical models of two variants of a third arrangement according to the invention for providing a pulsating compressive force, which differs from the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2 a and 2 b only in that here the first mass 1 and the second Mass 4 such on the other spring-damper system 8, 9 are coupled together that on this spring damper system 8, 9 in normal operation no forces from the second mass 4 in the direction Sl, ie in the direction of gravity, can be transmitted to the first mass 1 and from the first mass 1 no forces in the direction S2, i. against the direction of gravity, can be transferred to the second mass 4.

The arrangement is also ^{ausgestal ¬} tet such that the coupling of the two masses 1, 4 via the further spring-damper system 8, 9 in normal operation periodically by a swinging motion of the second mass 4 in the direction Sl, ie in the direction of gravity, can be temporarily suspended, the second mass then perform a decoupled state, a part of their swing path, and the coupling of the two masses 1, 4 via this further spring-damper system 8, 9 then to a direction reversal of the oscillatory movement of the second mass 4, ie in the subsequent upward movement of the second mass 4, is restored.

The embodiments of the arrangement according to the invention which are discussed below in accordance with FIGS. 4 a, 4 b, 5 a, 5 b, 5 c, 6 a, 6 b, 7 a, 7 b, 8 a, 8 b and 9

differ from the previously discussed

Embodiments according to the figures la, lb, 2a, 2b, 3a and 3b basically once by having a third mass 10.

The fourth inventive arrangement according to the

FIGS. 4a and 4b show the basic construction of the embodiment shown in FIGS. ^1a and 1b, the third mass 10 having the second mass 4 being connected via a spring-damper system 8a, 9a (third spring-damper system according to the invention). is coupled to an additional schwingfähi ^¬ gen system 4, 10, 8a, 9a (according to the claims third vibratable system). The coupling is designed in such a way that between this spring damper system 8a, 9a and the two masses 10, 4 forces in the two directions Sl, S2, ie both in the direction of gravity and against the direction of gravity, are transferable. It can this spring Dämp ^¬ fer system 8a, 9a tensile and compressive forces between the second mass 4 and the third mass 10 will carry both exceeded.

The fifth arrangement according to the invention according to FIGS. 5a and 5b likewise has the basic structure of the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 1a and 1b, in which case the third mass 10 with the first mass 1 via a spring-damper system 11, 12 (second spring according to the invention Damper system) is coupled to an additional oscillatory system 1, 10, 11, 12 (according to claim second oscillatory system). The coupling is designed such that between this spring-damper system 11, 12 and the two masses 1, 10 forces in both directions Sl, S2, ie in gravity direction and against the direction of gravity, are transferable. It can therefore be transmitted via this spring-damper system 11, 12 both tensile and compressive forces between the first mass 1 and the third mass 10.

Fig. 5c shows the vibration model of a technical subvariant to that shown in Fig. 5a Anord ^¬ voltage variation. As can be seen, this only differs from the arrangement according to FIG. 5a in that the second mass 4 is divided here into two partial masses 4a, 4b, each of which has its own spring-damper system 5, 6 with the first mass 1 to a vibratory system 1, 4a, 5, 6 and 1, 4b, 5, 6 ge ^¬ coupled.

The sixth arrangement according to the invention according to FIGS. 6a and 6b has the basic structure of the embodiment shown in FIGS. 2a and 2b, the third mass 10 having the first mass 1 being connected via a spring / damper system 11, 12 (according to the claimed second embodiment). Damper system) is coupled to an additional oscillatory system 1, 10, 11, 12 (according to the claim second oscillatory system). The coupling is designed such that between this spring-damper system 11, 12 and the two masses 1, 10 forces in both directions Sl, S2, i. as well in

Gravity direction and against the direction of gravity, are transferable. Thus, both tensile and compressive forces can be transmitted between the first mass 1 and the third mass 10 via this spring-damper system 11, 12.

The seventh inventive arrangement according to the

FIGS. 7a and 7b differ from the embodiment illustrated in FIGS. 6a and 6b only in that here the third mass 10 additionally, as in the embodiment shown in FIGS. 4a and 4b, is connected to the second mass 4 via a spring. Damper system 8a, 9a (third damper spring system according to the invention). tem) to an additional oscillatory system 4, 10, 8a, 9a (claim third third oscillatory system) is coupled. The coupling is designed such that between this spring-damper system 8a, 9a and the two masses 10, 4 forces in both directions Sl, S2, ie both in the direction of gravity and against the

Direction of gravity, are transferable. Thus, both tensile and compressive forces can be transmitted between the second mass 4 and the third mass 10 via this spring-damper system 8a, 9a.

The eighth inventive arrangement according to the

, 8a and 8b differs only because ^¬ of the in the figures 7a and 7b, the illustrated embodiment by that here the coupling of the third mass 10 and second mass 4 is realized in such a way over the spring-damper system 8a, 9a that over this spring-damper system 8a, 9a in normal operation no forces from the second mass 4 in the direction Sl, ie in

Direction of gravity, can be transmitted to the third mass 10 and from the third mass 10 no forces in the direction S2, ie in the direction opposite to the gravitational force direction, can be transmitted to the second mass 4. The arrangement is further designed such that this coupling of the two masses 4, 10 via the Fe ^¬ damper system 8a, 9a in normal operation periodically by a swinging motion of the second mass 4 in the direction Sl, ie in the direction of gravity, past ^¬ can be lifted, the second mass then perform a part of their swing path in the decoupled state, and the coupling of the two masses 4, 10 via the spring-damper system 8a, 9a then after a reversal of direction of the oscillatory motion of the second mass 4, ie in the subsequent movement in the direction S2 against the direction of gravity, is restored.

9 shows the vibration-technical model of a ninth arrangement according to the invention, the fundamental construction corresponds to the embodiment of the arrangement shown in FIG. 4b. However, the arrangement shown here is part of a hammer drill. Accordingly, the contact surface 2, which provides the first mass 1 here, consists of the tip 2 of a drill 14, with which a hole in a building wall 13, for example made of brick, is drilled. As can be seen, the two directions S1 and S2 run horizontally here, which is why the weight forces of the masses 4, 10 do not produce any coupling or restoring forces and in the direction of S1, that is, acting from the outside on the third mass 10

Direction of the building wall to, acting compressive force F is required to ensure the coupling of the second mass 4 to the spring-damper system 5, 6. This pressure force F is generated by the operator of the hammer drill.

FIG. 10 shows a side view of a tandem roller according to the invention with an operating weight of approximately 4.5 t. The roller has two vibration-excited belts ^¬ dagen 1 with smooth outer surfaces 2, which each have an outer diameter of 85 cm.

As can be seen in conjunction with FIG. 11, which shows a vertical section through the front bandage 1 of the tandem roller along the line AA in FIG. 10, each bandage 1 forms together with an unbalance exciter 7 arranged in its center, with two each in the Be ^¬ Rich one of the ends of the bandage in the bandage 1 vertically freely movable arranged additional mass rings 4a, 4b and with the coupled to the drum 1 roll chassis 10 an inventive arrangement for providing a pulsating compressive force according to the in Fig. 5c ^{dargestell ¬} th vibration control model.

In this case, the bandage 1 is in each case in the area surrounding the additional mass rings 4a, 4b, lined on its inside with a 1 cm thick mat of polyurethane 5, 6 with a density of about 1.25 g / cm3

(glued) . The mats 5, 6 each form a a first spring-damper system according to the present invention for the swingable coupling of the respective additional mass ring 4a or 4b to the bandage 1. The additional mass rings 4a, 4b rest on these mats 5, 6 with their weight force in the direction of gravity S1 and are thus above the polyurethane mats 5 , 6 unilaterally coupled to the bandage 1. The bandage 1 with unbalance exciter 7 (demanding first mass) has a weight of about 750 kg. The additional mass rings 4a, 4b (claim-compliant second mass) each have a basis weight of 100 kg and can be loaded with attachable additional weights in 7.5 kg steps up to a weight of 160 kg each.

The unbalance exciters 7 comprises a single Un ^¬ balancing shaft 21 (circular motion) at a fixed unbalance of about 0.05 kgm, which is mounted in two vertical walls 15a, 15b in the drum 1 and can be rotatably driven via a Hydrau ^¬ likmotor sixteenth

The roll chassis 10 (claim third mass) is supported with a weight of about 1100 kg on two arms 17a, 17b, which laterally enter the ends of the bandage 1, on the bandage 1, which rotatable relative to the chassis 10 about a horizontal axis is stored around. In this case, the roll chassis 10 is coupled to the drum 1 via rubber vibration dampers 11, 12, which form a second spring-damper system in accordance with the requirements, such that the roller chassis 10 is decoupled from the drum 1 essentially in terms of vibration. On the left side of the bandage 1 shown in Fig. 11, the storage via a roller bearing 18, which is rigidly connected to the bandage 1, and on the right side via a bandage drive motor 19 formed by a bearing unit 20, which is rigid with the right arm 17a of the roll chassis 10 is connected.

During normal operation, the imbalance shaft 21 is set in rotation with the hydraulic motor 16 and then generates pulsating exciter forces with a desired excitation frequency (typically in the range between 40 Hz and 100 Hz). As a result, the bandage 1 is excited to corresponding vibrations and in the vertical direction freely movable additional mass rings 4a, 4b, which are coupled by their gravitational rest on the polyurethane mats 5, 6 vibratory to the bandage 1, also begin to oscillate. The rotation frequency of the imbalance shaft 21 (excitation frequency) and a possible increase in the additional mass rings 4a, 4b with additional weights selected such that the additional mass rings 4a, 4b periodically in a direction S2 against the direction of gravity Sl temporarily stand out from the polyurethane mats 5, 6, in this decoupled ^¬ th state perform a part of their swinging path in this direction S2, and then, after a Richtungsum ^¬ turn again move in the direction of gravity Sl and again on the polyurethane mats 5, 6 impinge. The outer surface 2 of the bandage 1 remains permanently in contact with the substrate to be compacted.

Depending on the nature (spring stiffness / damping) of the subsoil to be compacted, the rotational frequency and any weighting with additional weights can vary greatly in order to produce this operating state.

FIG. 12 shows a vertical section as in FIG. 11 through an embodiment variant which differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 11 only in that two additional mass-mass rings 4a, 4b are arranged in the center of the bandage 1 instead of the two additional mass-rings 4a arranged in the end regions of the bandage 1 a single Zusatzmas ^¬ senring 4 (claim second mass) is arranged, which is vertically movable freely in the bandage 1 and is penetrated by the Unwuchtv / elle 21 of the unbalance exciter 7. The vibrational model of this embodiment is shown in Fig. 5a. Again, the drum of the bandage 1 in the area surrounding this satellite mass ring 4, on its inside with a Mat made of polyurethane 5, 6 lined, which forms a first spring-damper system according to the requirements for the oscillatory coupling of the additional mass ring 4 to the bandage 1. The additional mass ring 4 is located with his

Gravity in the direction of gravity Sl on this mat 5, 6 and is on the polyurethane mat 5, 6 on the ^¬ side coupled to the bandage 1.

During normal operation, the imbalance shaft 21 is set in rotation by the hydraulic motor 16 and the bandage 1 and the additional mass ring 4 are thus vibrated such that the additional mass ring 4 periodically lifts off the polyurethane mat 5, 6 in the direction S2 against the direction of gravity S1 , Performs in this decoupled state a part of its oscillation travel in this direction S2, and then, after ^reversing direction again moves in the direction of gravity ^¬ Sl and again impinges on the polyurethane mat 5, 6.

The outer surface 2 of the bandage 1 remains permanently in contact with the substrate to be compacted.

Depending on the condition (spring stiffness / -

Attenuation) of the substrate to be compressed, the rotational ^¬ frequency of the imbalance shaft can vary greatly to produce this operating state.

FIG. 13 shows a vertical section as in FIG. 11 through a further embodiment, which differs from the embodiment shown in FIG. 12 only in that the additional mass ring 4 has end end walls 22a, 22b and the unbalance element 21 is not in the two The rotary coupling of the imbalance shaft 21 to the hydraulic motor 16 is realized via a propeller shaft 23, such that the free vertical mobility of the additional mass ring 4th is not hindered by this coupling. The vibrational model of this embodiment variant is in Fig. 5b shown. As can be seen, forms the imbalance shaft 21 here together with the additional mass ring 4, the claimed second mass.

In normal operation, the imbalance shaft 21 is offset by the hydraulic motor 16 in rotation and the additional mass ring 4 and the bandage 1 are thereby vibrated such that the additional ^¬ mass ring 4 with the imbalance shaft 21 mounted therein periodically in the direction S2 against the direction of gravity Sl temporarily lifted off of the polyurethane mat 5, 6, in this decoupled state performs a part of its oscillation travel in this direction S2, and then, after a reversal of direction, moves again in the direction of gravity Sl and impinges again on the polyurethane mat 5, 6.

Depending on the nature (spring stiffness / damping) of the substrate to be compacted, the rotational frequency of the imbalance shaft 21 can vary greatly in order to produce this operating state.

While preferred embodiments of the invention are described in the present application, it should be clearly understood that the invention is not limited to these and may be practiced otherwise within the scope of the following claims.

Claims

An arrangement for providing a pulsating compressive force, comprising:

a) a first mass (1), which provides a contact surface (2) for transmitting the pulsating compressive force to a physicality (3, 13), in particular to a bottom surface (3) to be compacted;

b) a second mass (4);

c) a first spring-damper system (5, 6), via which the first mass (1) and the second mass (4) to a first oscillatory system (1, 4, 5, 6) are coupled together;

d) an unbalance exciter (7), by means of which this first oscillatory system (1, 4, 5, 6) to

Vibrations can be excited, in particular resonant vibrations;

wherein in the static state of the first oscillatory system (1, 4, 5, 6) the second mass (4) via the first spring damper system (5, 6) a static force in a first direction (Sl) on the first mass (1) exercises

wherein the first mass (1) and the second mass (4) via the first spring-damper system (5, 6) are coupled to each other in such a way that via the first spring-damper system (5, 6) in the intended Operation of the first mass (1) no forces in the first direction (Sl) to the second mass (4) are transferable and of the second mass (4) no forces in a second direction (S2), which opposite to the first direction ( Sl), are transferable to the first mass (1),

and wherein the arrangement is configured such that the coupling of the two masses (1, 4) via the first spring-damper system (5, 6) during normal operation, in particular periodically, by a vibration movement of the second mass (4) in the second direction (S2) can be temporarily canceled, the second mass (4) then in the decoupled state part of their

Swing path can perform, and the coupling of the masses (1, 4) via the first spring-damper system (5, 6) then after a reversal of direction of the oscillatory motion of the second mass (4) is in particular abruptly restored.

2. Arrangement according to claim 1, wherein the first mass (1) and the second mass (4) via the first spring-damper system (5, 6) are coupled together such that the second mass (4) during oscillation in intended operation, in particular periodically, by a movement in the second direction (S2) of the first spring-damper system (5, 6) decouple and can perform a decoupled state part of their swing path, and then in particular abruptly after a reversal of direction of movement again to the first spring Dämp ^¬ fer system (5, 6) couples.

3. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the static state of the first oscillatory system (1, 4, 5, 6), the second mass (4) via the first spring-damper system (5, 6) has a static

Pressing force on the first mass (1) exerts, and wherein the first mass (1) and the second mass (4) via the first spring-damper system (5, 6) are coupled together in such a way that via the first spring damper -System (5, 6) exclusively compressive forces between the two masses (1, 4) are transferable.

4. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 2, wherein in the static state of the first oscillatory system, the second mass via the first spring-damper system exerts a static tensile force on the first mass, and wherein the first and the second mass on the first Spring-damper system are coupled together in such a way that only tensile forces between the two masses can be transmitted via the first spring-damper system.

5. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the static state of the first oscillatory system (1, 4, 5, 6) of the second mass (4) via the first spring-damper system (5, 6) to the first Mass (1) applied static force is substantially in the direction of gravity.

6. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the static state of the first oscillatory system (1, 4, 5, 6) of the second mass (4) via the first spring-damper system (5, 6) on the first Mass (1) applied static force is generated partially or exclusively by the weight of the second mass (4).

7. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein in the static state of the first oscillatory system (1, 4, 5, 6) of the second mass (4) via the first spring-damper system (5, 6) to the first Mass (1) applied static force is generated partially or exclusively by a force acting on the second mass (4) force.

8. Arrangement according to claim Ί, wherein the force acting on the second mass (4) via one or more spring elements (8, 8a) on the second mass (4) engages.

9. Arrangement according to claim 8, wherein the one or more spring elements (8) are connected to the first mass (1), such that in the static state of the first oscillatory system (1, 4, 5, 6) via this or these spring elements ( 8) a force is transmitted to the first mass (1) acting in the second direction (S2).

10. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first mass (1) and the second mass (4) via a further spring-damper system (8, 9) are mitein ^¬ other coupled, and in particular, wherein the spring constant and / or the damping of the further spring-damper system (8, 9) is smaller than the spring constant and / or the damping of the first spring-damper system (5, 6).

11. The arrangement according to claim 10, wherein the first mass (1) and the second mass (4) are coupled to one another in such a way via the further spring-damper system (8, 9) that between the further spring-damper system (8, 9) and the two masses (1, 4) forces in the first direction (Sl) and in the second direction (S2) are transferable.

12. Arrangement according to claim 10, wherein the first mass (1) and the second mass (4) in such a way via the further spring-damper system (8, 9) are coupled together that on the further spring-damper system (8 , 9) in normal operation of the second mass (4) no forces in the first direction (Sl) to the first mass (1) are transferable and from the first mass (1) no forces in the second direction (S2) on the second mass (4) are transferable,

and wherein the arrangement is configured such that the coupling of the two masses (1, 4) via the further spring-damper system (8, 9) during normal operation, in particular periodically, by a Schwingbewe ^¬ tion of the second mass ( 4) in the first direction (Sl) can be temporarily canceled, the second mass (4) then in the decoupled state part of their

Swing path can perform, and the coupling of the two masses (1, 4) via the further spring-damper system (8, 9) then after a reversal in direction of the oscillatory motion of the second mass (4) is in particular abruptly restored.

13. Arrangement according to claim 9 and according to one of claims 10 to 12, wherein the one or more spring elements (8) via which the force acts on the second mass (4), part of the further spring-damper system (8, 9). are .

14. Arrangement according to one of the preceding

Claims, wherein the arrangement comprises a third mass (10) has issued according to the first mass (1) via a two ^¬ tes spring-damper system (11, 12) to a second vibratory system (1, 10, 11, 12) is coupled and / - or that to the second mass (4) is coupled via a third spring-damper system (8a, 9a) to a third oscillatable system (4, 10, 8a, 9a).

15. Arrangement according to claim 14, wherein the third mass (10) and the first mass (1) via a second spring-damper system (11, 12) are coupled together such that between the second spring-damper system (11 , 12) and the two masses (10, 1) forces in the first direction (Sl) and in the second direction (S2) are transferable.

16. Arrangement according to one of claims 14 to 15, wherein the third mass (10) and the second mass (4) via a third spring-damper system (8a, 9a) are coupled together such that between the third spring damper System (8a, 9a) and the two masses (10, 4) forces in the first direction (Sl) and in the second direction (S2) are transferable.

17. Arrangement according to one of claims 14 to

15, wherein the third mass (10) and the second mass (4) via a third spring-damper system (8a, 9a) are coupled together in such a way that on the third spring-damper system (8a, 9a) in the intended Operation of the second mass (4) no forces in the first

Direction (Sl) to the third mass (10) are transferable and from the third mass (10) no forces in the two ^¬ th direction (S2) to the second mass (4) are transferable,

and wherein the arrangement is designed such that the coupling of the two masses (4, 10) via the third spring-damper system (8a, 9a) during normal operation, in particular periodically, by a swinging movement of the second mass (4) in the First direction (Sl) can be temporarily canceled, the second mass (4) then in the decoupled state a part (9a 8a) can perform their oscillating path and the coupling of the two masses (4, 10) via the third spring damper Sys tem ^¬ then after a reversal of the

Oscillation of the second mass (4) is restored in particular abruptly.

18. Arrangement according to one of the preceding

Claims, wherein the oscillatory systems (1, 4, 5, 6; 1, 10, 11, 12; 4, 10, 8a, 9a) are set or adjustable in such a way that when the first arrangement capable of oscillating, in particular, resonates in intended operation of the arrangement (1, 4, 5, 6), the second mass (4) in phase with the first mass (1) vibrates, insbeson ^¬ more complete with the oscillation frequency of the first mass (1) or at half or (one third of the resonant frequency of the first mass 1 ) .

19. Arrangement according to one of the preceding

Claims and according to claim 14, wherein the oscillatory systems (1, 4, 5, 6; 1, 10, 11, 12; 4, 10, 8a, 9a) are set or adjustable in such a ^manner that, in ^accordance with the operation of the arrangement in particular resonantly oscillating first oscillatory system (1, 4, 5, 6), the third mass (10) substantially none

Swinging motion performs.

20. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the unbalance exciter (7) is part of the first mass (1) and this excites in the normal operation to oscillate.

21. Arrangement according to one of claims 1 to 19, wherein the unbalance exciter (7) is part of the second mass (4) and this excites in normal operation to vibrations.

22. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the unbalance exciter (7) is designed as a directional oscillator or as a circular oscillator.

23. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the second mass of several, in particular of exactly two, in particular identical sub-masses (4a, 4b) which in each case has its own first spring-damper system (5, 6) with the first mass (1) to form its own first oscillatable system (1, 4a, 5, 6, 1, 4b, 5, 6) are coupled.

24. Arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the first mass (1) provided by the contact surface (2) for transmitting the pulsating ^¬ the compressive force on a corporeality (3), the outer surface (2) of the drum of a drum, the Bottom of the bottom plate of a vibrating plate is the working surface (2) of a chisel or drilling tool (14) or the contact surface of the vibrating beam of a road paver is.

25. An arrangement according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the of the first mass (1) bereitge- turned contact surface (2) for transmitting the pulse ^¬ the pressure force on a physicality (3) the outer surface (2) of the bandage a roller and wherein the second mass of one or more annular

Weights (4, 4a, 4b) is formed or comprises, which are arranged within the bandage (1) and can perform therein a swinging movement in a direction transverse to the longitudinal axis of the bandage (1).

26. The assembly of claim 25 wherein the annular weight (4) or annular weights of the unbalanced shaft (21) of the imbalance generator (7) by ^¬ or sets are.

A soil compacting apparatus comprising an assembly according to any one of the preceding claims.

28. Ground compacting device according to claim 27, characterized in that it is a vibrating plate or roller, in particular a roller with one or two vibration-excited drums.

29. Use of the soil compaction device according to one of claims 27 to 28 for the compaction of asphalt.

A method of operating an assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 26 or a soil compaction apparatus according to any one of claims 27 to 28, wherein the contact surface (2) of the first mass (1) is brought into contact with a corporeality (3, 13). in particular with a bottom surface (3) or a solid body (13) to be compacted, and wherein the first oscillatory system (1, 4, 5, 6) with the unbalance exciter (7) is caused to vibrate in such a way that the coupling of the two Mass (1, 4) via the first spring-damper system (5, 6), in particular periodically, by a swinging motion of the second mass (4) in the second direction (S2) is temporarily canceled, the second mass then in the decoupled state performs a part of its oscillatory path and the coupling of the two masses (1, 4) via the first spring-damper system (5, 6) then, after a reversal of direction of the oscillating movement of the second mass (4), in particular abruptly again Herge provides is.

31. The method of claim 30, wherein the contact surface (2) of the first mass (1) ununter ^¬ interrupted in contact with the physicality (3, 13) ge ^¬ hold.

32. The method according to any one of claims 30 to

31, wherein the oscillatory systems (1, 4, 5, 6; 1, 10, 11, 12; 4, 10, 8a, 9a) of the arrangement are vibrated such that the second mass (4) is in phase with the first one Mass (1) oscillates, in particular with the oscillation frequency of the first mass (1) or with half or one third of the oscillation frequency of the first mass (1).

33. The method according to any one of claims 30 to

32, wherein an arrangement according to claim 19 is used and thereby the vibratory systems (1, 4, 5, 6; 1, 10, 11, 12; 4, 10, 8a, 9a) of the arrangement are excited to vibrate, that the third mass (10) performs substantially no Schwingbewepgung.