EP3382277A1 - Detection of a cover - Google Patents

Abstract

Control device for controlling a burner system as a function of an ionisationsstrom setpoint, the burner system comprising a flame region (2) and at least one arranged in a flame region (2) of the burner ionization electrode (7) and an air actuator (3) and a fuel actuator (5), wherein the control device (10) is formed, depending on the processed to an actual value of the ionization current signal (14) of the at least one ionization electrode (7) and in dependence on the ionization current setpoint, a fuel control signal (13) wherein the control device (10) is designed to generate from the ionisationsstrom setpoint increased by a predetermined amount setpoint (24) and based on the increased setpoint to generate a modified fuel control signal (13), wherein the control device ( 10) is formed, based on an evaluation of the changed fuel generated by the increased setpoint. Control signal (13) determine whether the control device using the elevated setpoint (24) outside a range for a stationary control of combustion by the burner system controls.

Description

background

The present disclosure is concerned with the detection of a blockage in the supply air duct or exhaust duct of a burner device. In particular, the present disclosure is concerned with blockages in the form of covers and with fossil fuel burning combustors.

In burner systems, the air ratio during combustion can be determined and / or adjusted by means of an ionization current through an ionization electrode. An alternating voltage is first applied to the ionization electrode. Due to the rectifier effect of a flame, an ionization current flows as a direct current in only one direction.

In a control setpoint curve, the setpoint value for the ionization current detected at the ionization electrode is plotted against the speed of the fan of a gas burner. The ionization current is typically measured in microamps. The speed of the fan of a gas burner is typically measured in revolutions per minute. The speed of the fan of a gas burner is also a measure of the air volume flow and the performance of the burner system, that is, for a quantity of heat per time.

If the supply air duct / exhaust duct is covered and / or blocked, there is a significant reduction in the air volume flow. In this case, the speed detection detects the change in the flow due to the Zuluftkanal- / exhaust duct change practically not. Therefore, if there is no further indicator of the air flow rate, the ionization current setpoint will not be adjusted due to the functional relationship between ionization current setpoint and fan speed. This is controlled with respect to the actual air flow with a wrong ionisationsstrom setpoint.

In the case of medium and small burner outputs, this typically leads to a shift to smaller values of the air ratio λ. The reason for this lies in the form of the lonisationsstrom characteristic over the speed. Increased changes in the supply air duct / exhaust duct, especially in the case of heavy covers and / or blockages, can lead to increased CO values in borderline cases.

In addition to the cover of the supply air duct / exhaust duct, there are other conditions that may result in a comparable situation. This includes, inter alia, exhaust gas in the supply air due to faulty exhaust gas recirculation.

Further, similar to a cover of the Zuluftkanals / exhaust duct, a drift of the ionization signal the air ratio λ adjust so that λ moves close to λ = 1. Even then, a critical Combustion with elevated CO levels occur. The drift can occur by bending the ionization electrode and / or deposit formation and / or damaging the ionization electrode. Tests that correct for this drift usually need to be done at specific, fixed speed points. If these points are not achieved because, for example, the heat can not be dissipated, the burner system would have to be switched off and / or locked. Because without shutdown and / or locking is not guaranteed that no critical emissions occur.

The European patent application EP3045816A1 , Burner System Control System, was filed on 19 January 2015 and published on 20 July 2016. EP3045816A1 discloses and claims a device for controlling a burner system, which allows the estimation of an ionization current even if a measurement thereof fails. For this purpose, an estimation of the ionization current to an air volume flow, which belongs to a burner power, at which under certain circumstances no measurement was possible made.

The European patent EP2466204B1 is registered on December 16, 2010 and issued on November 13, 2013. EP2466204B1 discloses and claims a control device for a burner system. In this case, a control device carries out a test procedure in several steps. In a second step, the actuators of a burner device are controlled to a feed ratio which is an air ratio above the stoichiometric value λ = 1.

The European patent EP1293727B1 , Control device for a burner and setting procedure, issued on 23 November 2005. EP1293727B1 describes how the ionization current setpoint is increased in the closed loop. In response, the change in the gas valve position or an equivalent such as a coulter parameter is measured. With the in EP1293727B1 Although described a change in coverage can be determined. However, due to fixed reference points and due to the stability of the ionization signal, this method can only be used at defined burner power points. In addition, the specimen scattering of the valves significantly affects the result. This limits the applicability of the method described there.

The European patent application EP0806610A2 , Method and apparatus for operating a gas burner, was filed on April 9, 1997 and published on November 12, 1997. EP0806610A2 deals with the shutdown of a gas burner, if an ionisation signal leaves a permissible control range for more than a predetermined period of time. The permissible control range comprises an upper maximum value of the ionization signal and a lower limit value. The lower limit is above a threshold at which combustion is no longer low in emissions.

The European patent application EP0770824A2 , Method and circuit for controlling a gas burner, was filed on 1 October 1996 and published on 2 May 1997. After the in EP0770824A2 disclosed method, an ionization signal is measured and stored its maximum value. With that Maximum value is adjusted an electrical setpoint of a control circuit. The aim is that the control circuit regulates to the same lambda setpoint.

The subject of the present disclosure is a method and / or a controller for detecting blockages in the supply air duct and / or exhaust duct, whereby the aforementioned disadvantages are at least partially overcome.

A further subject matter of the present disclosure is a method and / or a controller for detecting drift of the ionization signal due to deposit formation and / or bending of the ionization electrode without having to achieve specific, defined rotational speeds within a predetermined period of time.

Summary

The present disclosure teaches a method and / or a control device for a burner device with the goal of detecting covers and / or blockages. This is accompanied by the avoidance of unwanted emissions of carbon monoxide (CO emissions). The method is based on a technical study of the control limits of an ionization current control loop after the ionization current setpoint has been changed from the normal control operation. From a cover and / or blocking of the supply air duct and / or exhaust duct of a burner device is assumed, if the control circuit operates outside its control limits.

Further, the present disclosure teaches a method of detecting unwanted emissions by drift due to deposit formation and / or bending of the ionization electrode. Advantageously, the method can be carried out at each speed point, without special characteristics for individual speed points must be stored.

Specifically, the speed of a fan in the supply air duct and / or in the exhaust duct of a burner device is first determined. From the rotational speed of the blower, a desired value of an ionization current of an ionization electrode is preferably determined by using a characteristic curve. The determined ionization current setpoint is then increased by one increment. An attempt is then made to control the fuel actuator of the combustor at a constant fan speed using the increased ionization current. If the control loop fails in this test, combustion is inferred with and / or near undesirable emissions. Such combustion is caused for example due to covering and / or blocking and / or due to deposit formation and / or bending. Accordingly, an error is issued.

The method described here will be referred to testing for steady state control with increased ionization current setpoint and / or test for steady state control.

The above problem detection of covers and / or blockages in the supply air duct and / or in the exhaust duct and detection of drift due to pads and / or bending at any speed is addressed by the main claims of the present disclosure. Particular embodiments are dealt with in the dependent claims.

It is a related object of the present disclosure to provide a method and / or apparatus for a combustor wherein the combustor is turned off and / or locked in response to the failure of the control loop. In particular, it is provided that the burner device is switched off and / or locked by closing a fuel actuator.

It is another related object of the present disclosure to provide a method and / or apparatus for a combustor wherein it is attempted to operate the combustor at a constant fan speed using the increased ionization current setpoint in accordance with a proportional and integral or constant flow rate proportional and integral and derivative regulation.

It is also a related object of the present disclosure to provide a method and / or apparatus for a combustor wherein prior to increasing the setpoint ionization current, the burner apparatus is controlled to maintain fan speed and ionization current stable within predetermined limits. If this is possible, the setpoint value of the ionization current is increased by a predetermined increment.

It is also a related object of the present disclosure to provide a method and / or apparatus for a combustor wherein prior to increasing the setpoint of the ionization current, the behavior of the position of a fuel actuator relative to the fan speed is examined for changes and / or stability becomes. For this purpose, the current position of a fuel actuator and a speed of the blower are determined. From the speed of the fan, a low calorie position of the fuel actuator is determined using a low calorie characteristic, which belongs to the low calorie characteristic. From the speed of the fan, a high-calorific position of the fuel actuator is further determined using a high-caloric characteristic, which belongs to the high-caloric characteristic. The current position is compared with the low calorie position and the high calorific position of the fuel actuator. A relative position, preferably in percent, is determined, which indicates the position of the current position relative to the low calorie and the high caloric position of the fuel actuator.

In particular, it is provided to average the temporal change and / or temporal fluctuation of the relative position based on a first low-pass filter having a first time constant to a first average value. Furthermore, temporal fluctuation of the relative position is averaged on the basis of a second low-pass filter having a second time constant to a second mean value. The first and the second mean become one with each other compared. If the first and the second mean value deviate from one another by a predetermined threshold value, the setpoint value of the ionization current is increased by a predetermined increment.

It is a further object of the present disclosure to provide a method and / or a control device for a burner device, wherein the detection of a cover and / or blocking is also possible if the fluid flow in the supply air duct and / or exhaust duct adjusted by a blower speed and not is detected by a sensor.

It is a further object of the present disclosure to provide a method and / or a control device for a burner device, wherein at least one actuator is controlled and / or regulated on the basis of a pulse width-modulated signal.

It is yet another object of the present disclosure to provide a method and / or a controller for a burner apparatus wherein at least one actuator is controlled and / or regulated by means of an inverter.

It is another related object of the present disclosure to provide a method and / or apparatus for a combustor that can detect and / or block the supply air duct and / or exhaust duct during operation of a combustor. In particular, it is provided that the system for detecting a cover and / or blocking need not be taken out of service.

Further, the present disclosure teaches a method and / or apparatus for a combustor wherein the controller divides the adjustable speed range into individual bands, wherein a steady state control with increased ionization current at any speed within a band is representative of steady state speed tests at any speed within the band is.

It is a further object of the present disclosure to mark a speed band in which a steady state control with increased ionization current has been successfully performed and no longer perform a steady state check during operation within a marked band and / or operation within to request and / or perform a test on stationary control of an unmarked belt.

It is still a further object of the present disclosure to provide a method and / or a controller wherein at fixed periods of time the tags or all tags are simultaneously cleared / reset.

It is a further object of the present disclosure to provide a method and / or a controller wherein a steady state check is started when other methods of monitoring drift of the ionizer electrode for a predetermined period of time can not be performed because the predetermined speed points are not reached can be.

It is also an object of the present disclosure to provide a burner apparatus with a method and / or with a controller according to the present disclosure.

Brief description of the figures

• FIG 1 zeigt schematisch eine Brennereinrichtung mit Luftzufuhrkanal und Brennstoffzufuhrkanal.
• FIG 2 zeigt eine Kennlinie eines Ionisationsstromes über einer Gebläsedrehzahl.
• FIG 3 zeigt einen niederkalorischen, einen aktuell verwendeten und einen hochkalorischen Verlauf der Brennstoffzufuhr über der Gebläsedrehzahl.
• FIG 4 zeigt den Verlauf eines lonisationsstrom-Sollwerts über einer Luftzahl bei nicht vorhandener Blockierung.
• FIG 5 zeigt den Verlauf eines lonisationsstrom-Sollwerts über einer Luftzahl bei teilweise vorhandener Blockierung.
• FIG 6 zeigt den Verlauf eines lonisationsstrom-Sollwerts über einer Luftzahl bei fortgeschrittener Blockierung.
• FIG 7 zeigt eine Kennlinie eines Ionisationsstromes über einer Gebläsedrehzahl mit segmentierter Unterteilung in Drehzahlbereiche.

Various details will become apparent to those skilled in the art from the following detailed description. The individual embodiments are not restrictive. The drawings which are attached to the description can be described as follows:

• FIG. 1 schematically shows a burner device with air supply channel and fuel supply channel.
• FIG. 2 shows a characteristic of an ionization current over a fan speed.
• FIG. 3 shows a low calorie, a currently used and a high calorie course of the fuel supply above the fan speed.
• FIG. 4 shows the course of a lonisationsstrom-setpoint over a number of air in the absence of blocking.
• FIG. 5 shows the course of a lonisationsstrom-setpoint over a number of air at partially existing blocking.
• FIG. 6 shows the course of a lonisationsstrom setpoint over a number of air at advanced blocking.
• FIG. 7 shows a characteristic of an ionization over a fan speed with segmented division into speed ranges.

Detailed description

FIG. 1 shows a block diagram of a burner system consisting of burner 1 and a combustion chamber 2 with heat exchanger. A motor-driven fan 3 promotes the Verbrennungszuluft 4 to the burner 1 out. Before the burner 1, the fuel 6, preferably a fuel gas, is added to the combustion air. The amount of the mixed fuel 6 is adjusted via a motor-adjustable fuel valve 5. The amount of fuel is transmitted via the control signal 13 from the control, control and / or monitoring unit 10 to the fuel valve 5. This can be done with an analog signal, as a pulse width modulated signal or but also done digitally, for example via a bus system. The amount of air is transmitted via the signal 11 from the control, control and / or monitoring unit 10 to the blower 3. The value 11 can equally be transmitted as an analog signal, as a pulse-width-modulated signal or else digitally, for example via a bus system. The blower then adjusts the amount of air according to the transmitted signal. There is a speed signal 12, which corresponds to the speed of the fan wheel, back to the control, monitoring and control unit 10. The reason for this is that the blower does not react sufficiently reproducibly to the control signal 11, for example because of the friction of the bearing from the fan due to different operating conditions such as temperature and / or starting behavior. Therefore, the amount of air can be adjusted only via the speed 12 of the control, control and / or monitoring unit 10, for example via a closed speed control loop (reproducible).

With the help of an ionization electrode 7 is not only monitored whether a flame is present on the burner 1 or not. It is also possible on the basis of the ionization signal 14, which is read by means of the electrode 7 in the control, control and / or monitoring unit 10, the fuel-air ratio can be determined. This happens because an alternating voltage is applied to the ionization electrode 7. In this case, the mean DC component of the current through the ionization electrode 7 is measured.

An ionization electrode 7 detects an ionization current. At the ionization electrode 7 is typically an AC voltage in the range 110 V ... 240 V at. Due to the diode effect of the flame in the current between the ionization electrode 7 and the counter electrode, usually the burner 1, flows through the ionization a direct current superimposed with an alternating current. This DC increases with increasing ionization of the gas in the flame area. On the other hand, the direct current decreases with increasing excess air of combustion. For further processing of the signal of the ionization electrode, it is common to use a low-pass filter, so that the ionization current is produced from the filtered ionization signal. The occurring direct current is typically in the range of less than 150 microamps, often even significantly below this value.

A device for separating direct current and alternating current of an ionization electrode is, for example, in EP1154203B1 . FIG. 1 , shown and explained inter alia in section 12 of the description. On the relevant parts of the disclosure of EP1154203B1 is referred to here.

Ionization electrodes 7 as used herein are commercially available. The material of the ionization electrodes 7 is often KANTHAL®, e.g. APM® or A-1®. Nikrothal® electrodes are also contemplated by those skilled in the art.

The generated by the combustion process and cooled in the heat exchanger 2 exhaust 9 is passed through an exhaust duct 8 to the outside, the length of which may vary from plant to plant. The exhaust duct 8 may further be completely or partially closed and / or blocked by external influences. In the case of a partial closure and / or a partial blockage of the exhaust duct 8 is a first section of the exhaust passage 8 open and a second portion of the exhaust passage 8 closed and / or blocked. Such external influences are, for example, a faulty narrowing and / or covering of the exhaust path 8 by craftsmen, by malfunction of an exhaust gas flap and / or icing of the exhaust gas path 8 in winter. Due to the same reasons, the cross-section for the air supply 4 can be narrowed erroneously. The supply air duct 4 is thus assigned to the exhaust duct 8 in effect. Due to the constriction in Zuluft- or exhaust path 8, the measured speed signal 12 is assigned to a different air flow 4, as in the adjustment of the characteristic after FIG. 2 the case was.

In FIG. 2 the measured speed 12 is assigned a ionisationsstrom-desired value 15 via a characteristic curve 16. The speed 12 corresponds to an air flow rate 4 corresponding to the flow resistance of the supply / exhaust path 8 as in the recording of the characteristic curve 16. Changes in the length, in cross section, bends, etc. of the supply air exhaust path 8 within a predetermined tolerance of the flow resistance only affect slightly on the assignment of speed 12 to air flow 4 off. Thus, an air flow rate 4 is set sufficiently accurately over a predetermined speed 12. Characteristic curve 16 sets an ionization current desired value. Thus, the amount of fuel 6 is controlled via a closed loop so that the measured ionization current 14 is equal to the predetermined value from the characteristic curve 16. So within the given tolerances, the amount of air is allocated to the fuel quantity.

If the flow resistance changes as a result of a cover, the linear assignment of the rotational speed 12 to the air flow rate 4 may change. It is then no longer the correct air flow 4 for fuel quantity 6, which is set via characteristic curve 16 and control loop and ionization 14 for a given speed 12. This error can be so strong that the air ratio λ moves closer to λ = 1. The consequences are poor combustion values with high CO content.

This condition is revealed by the procedure described below.

For the in FIG. 2 shown characteristic curve 16 of the ionisationsstrom-desired value 15 above the measured fan speed 12 is obtained via the closed loop, a dependence of the fuel flow rate 6 over the speed 12. The closed loop controls the amount of fuel 6 such that the ionization current value 14 is equal to the target value 15 , The fuel throughput 6 is represented by the fuel valve driver 13, since control 13 and fuel flow rate 6 can be reversibly unambiguously assigned to each other. This is at least as long as that the amount of air is kept constant. Alternatively, the fuel flow rate 6 could be determined directly, for example by a flow measuring device.

The dependence of the fuel-actuator control 13 as a measure of the fuel flow rate 6 of the fan speed 12 as a measure of the air flow rate 4 is in FIG. 3 recorded. Since the characteristic in addition to the valve characteristics of external conditions such as fuel and / or fuel inlet pressure depends, two characteristics 17 and 18 are initially stored in the burner control 10. The two characteristics 17 and 18 correspond to fixed, but different external conditions. Thus, the characteristic curve 17 was determined, for example, with a low-calorie fuel and / or a low fuel input pressure. Characteristic 18, however, was determined with a high calorific fuel and / or a high fuel input pressure. The currently valid characteristic curve 19 is determined from the determined by the control device 10 current, stationary fuel position 13 for equality of setpoint 15 and 14 actual value of the ionization. All other characteristic points of the characteristic 19 are then determined from this point and the two characteristic curves 17 and 18 as weighted by a factor R (geometric and / or arithmetic) mean. R can be determined from the position point 13 of the fuel valve at a given speed 12 and the two lying on the curves 17 and 18 points to the same speed 12. In other words, at each rotational speed 12, the ratio of the distance between the characteristic curves 19 and 17 to the distance between the characteristic curves 19 and 18 is the same. By this measure, the power can be changed quickly. So you are already very close to the target point, without the controller 10 must intervene in the power change strong.

By monitoring the weighting factor R, a potential cover and / or blockage of the supply air / exhaust gas path 8 can be revealed. In a cover moves due to the wrong association between speed and air flow, the characteristic 19 closer to the characteristic curve 17 for low calorific gas, which is noticeable by a change in the weighting factor R. To recognize this, the weighting factor R is averaged in two ways. The weighting factor R is averaged over a period of, for example, 10 seconds, 15 seconds or 20 seconds. The weighting factor R is averaged over a longer time of, for example, 30 seconds, 45 seconds or 60 seconds. The averaging makes it possible to even better dampen fluctuations in the system. For example, moving average filters and / or low-pass filters are used as averaging.

If the normalized difference between the shorter average value and the longer average value deviates by a predetermined threshold value, extensive, preferably complete or essentially complete coverage and / or partial coverage could have occurred. As a result of the partial coverage, the combustion could become critical. For example, the threshold for the normalized difference may be 5% of the lower value, or 20% of the lower value, or even 100% of the lower value.

It must then be checked with a separate test procedure, whether actually a cover and / or blocking exists. The special test is necessary since other causes for a change in the weighting factor R come into question, in particular a change in the fuel and / or the fuel inlet pressure.

The test procedure for coverage is through FIG. 4 clarified. Therein, the ionisationsstrom-desired value 15 is shown on the air ratio λ 20. For each power, represented by the rotational speed 12, there results a characteristic curve 21 which is determined by the burner electrode system 1, 7 and the supply air / exhaust gas path 8. If you are In normal operation, so the setpoint current 22 from the characteristic curve 16 in. For the currently specified speed 12 FIG. 2 determined. The measured ionization current 14 is then regulated equal to the desired value 15 via the closed ionization control loop. The desired value 15 is identical to the reference current 22 for this rotational speed. The desired λ value 23 for the current rotational speed value 12 is obtained via the characteristic curve 21. When the test for coverage is carried out, the current rotational speed 12 is recorded. It is checked whether speed 12 and ionization current 14 are stationary at the desired set point, so that the generation of a test request for steady-state control is not corrupted by the influence of rapid changes in the output of the burner device. According to a specific embodiment, there is a sufficiently stationary state when the rotational speed 12 and the ionization current 14 each fluctuate by their mean value by less than 1 percent, preferably less than 10 percent, more preferably by less than 50 percent. Variance and standard deviation can be considered as measures for the deviation around the mean value. According to a special embodiment, over a predetermined period of time, for example at least 2 seconds, at least 10 seconds or at least 20 seconds, no sampled measured value may be outside the band. Alternatively, rotational speed measured values 12 are compared with one another at regular intervals. A stationary condition also prevails here when the last measured speed 12 deviates by less than 1 percent, less than 10 percent, or further by less than 50 percent from the previously measured speed value 12. Typical regular intervals for comparison are speed values 12 of at least 2 seconds, at least 10 seconds or at least 20 seconds.

Only when a sufficient stationary state and / or stability is given, the next test step is initiated, in which the ionisationsstrom setpoint 15 is increased to a value 24 with the closed loop. For example, increasing the loop closed loop ionization current setpoint to a value 24 is an increase of 5 percent, 20 percent, or 100 percent measured from the previously adjusted ionization current set point.

The speed 12 is kept constant. Has become like in FIG. 4 the characteristic curve 21 is not changed, because there is no cover, the actual value 14 is likewise regulated to the desired value 24 after a short time. The short time is, for example, 3 seconds or 10 seconds or 20 seconds. According to characteristic curve 21, the λ value is 25. The ionization current control loop delivers a stable result. How to get in FIG. 4 In this case, value 23 is still sufficiently far away from the critical λ range 26 in which CO emissions occur. The critical λ range includes, for example, air ratios λ less than 1.15, in particular less than 1.10, less than 1.05 or even less than 1.00.

After completion of the test, if the control loop remains stable, the setpoint is reset to the operating value 22. After a short wait to settle the control loop, the freezing of the speed 12 is released. The short waiting time until the control loop settles is, for example, 1 second or 5 seconds or 10 seconds. The speed specification and thus the power setting can again be made by higher-level units, for example a temperature control.

If the test is passed as in the case presented, further tests can be carried out at short intervals of, for example, more than one minute. Further tests continue until a specified number of tests, for example 5 tests or 10 tests or 15 tests, have been passed. Furthermore, a test can also be requested and / or carried out after a power change, that is to say after a burner modulation, and / or after a burner start.

The person skilled in the art recognizes further possibilities for a test request. For example, a test for a speed change may be requested by a certain amount when the speed 12 is sufficiently stable at a condition. A test can also be requested cyclically at certain specified time intervals. In another case, a test request is cyclically and / or after speed changes after predetermined time intervals. The possibilities mentioned are useful if, for example, another control algorithm without a weighting factor is used.

In FIG. 5 the behavior of the test procedure is shown when a cover and / or blocking is present so that just no critical combustion values occur in normal operation. In this case, the characteristic curve 21 dependent on the burner system is changed and shows a course as represented by characteristic curve 27.

For the given speed 12 results from curve 16 again FIG. 2 the same ionization current setpoint 22. Due to the changed course of the characteristic curve 27 with respect to characteristic curve 21, the resulting λ value 28 for the operating case shifts to a smaller value compared to the value 23. If the test sequence described above is carried out, then when the ionization current is increased Setpoint value 15 with the control loop closed to the value 24 on the characteristic curve 27 just one more point can be found. This point permits stable adjustment of the ionization current control loop to a value of 24. For the test case, this results in a λ value of 29 at which CO emissions are already generated. However, this is not critical since this state only takes a very short time, because after passing the test, the ionization current 15 is again set to the operating value 22. Furthermore, the speed 12 is released after passing the test. The state with CO emissions preferably lasts less than 15 seconds, more preferably less than 10 seconds, more preferably less than 5 seconds.

In FIG. 6 the behavior of the test procedure is shown when there is coverage and / or jamming that produces critical combustion values. In the operating case, the value 22 of the ionization current setpoint is again determined by characteristic curve 16 at a stable speed 12. For the characteristic curve 30 which has been changed even further by comparison of the supply air / exhaust gas path 8 with respect to the correct characteristic curve 21, a λ value 31 results for the operating case. The λ value 31 is already in the critical combustion range with too high CO emissions. If the test sequence described above is now carried out, no point on the characteristic curve 30 can be found for the set ionization current desired value 24. The ionisationsstrom-control circuit seeks a corresponding value by λ by ever increasing the amount of fuel, in particular the amount of gas reduced. The control loop breaks. By the decrease of the ionization current with the air ratio λ 20 in characteristic curve 30 for λ <1, the effect even increases. The fuel valve 5 comes to its maximum possible open position. It drives to the stop or it is already before a flame break.

In the present case, the control circuit outputs a signal to a fuel valve taking into account a set value of the ionization current. In the event of a failure of the control loop, the ionization current control loop for a given ionization current setpoint thus no longer has a suitable air ratio λ and no suitable stationary position of the fuel valve. Consequently, at least one nominal value of the ionization current exists in the critical combustion region, for which a stationary mathematical transfer function does not remain finite. The mathematical transfer function describes the output of the control loop to the fuel valve in response to a finite measurement of the ionization current. In particular, the mathematical transfer function describes the output of the control loop without consideration of technical limits for the output signal of an electrical control loop.

Stationary control (combustion by the burner system) means that with constant (changes in) the input quantities (in) of the transfer function after finite time and after settling of transients no change of the output quantity to the fuel actuator occurs any more. Input variables in this context are, for example, the ionization current setpoint and / or external disturbances. Overall, in the stationary state at fixed input variables such as ionization current setpoint and / or disturbances all system variables are at a fixed, unchanged value. This applies in particular to the output size of the control loop to the fuel valve. Accordingly, this also applies to the actuating signal 13 to the fuel valve 5.

Incidentally, the transfer function is the transfer function of the closed loop including the transfer function of the control and measurement path (as sub-functions). The measured variable actual ionization current, but also the valve control to the controlled system, are internal system variables for the transfer function of the control loop. Further control loop functions are the setpoint-actual value comparison and the controller as well as possible drivers for the valve control.

The control loop is, for example, a proportional / integral control loop and / or a proportional / integral / derivative control loop.

The breaking of the control loop is detected when the drive signal 13 has exceeded the value for the maximum possible open position of the fuel valve 5. In some cases, the maximum possible control 13 of the fuel valve is limited and / or the stroke of the maximum opening of the fuel valve 5 is measured. A break-up of the control loop is then detected when a predetermined period of time is exceeded in which the fuel valve 5 is in its maximum position. A third possibility of detecting a broken loop is to detect the exceeding of a time duration in which the ionization current actual signal 14 during the test phase with increased ionization current setpoint 24 outside of a defined in the control, control and / or monitoring unit 10 band to the ionization current setpoint 24 is located. According to another possibility for detecting the breaking of the control loop, the flame separation during the test is to be regarded as break-up of the control loop.

The difference between the ionisationsstrom setpoint in the operating case 22 and the ionization current setpoint in test case 24 determines the point by which the critical region 26 is defined. This difference determines the maximum CO value without safety shutdown including a possible safety distance. In a particularly preferred embodiment, only one difference is defined for all speed values 12 in the control, control and / or monitoring unit 10. Then, the difference is to be chosen so that of all possible fan speeds 12, for a cover with an associated change of the curve 21, the highest value must be selected. The blower speeds 12 corresponding to all possible burner powers with associated critical areas 26.

Another possible embodiment is to choose a difference for several significant speeds. For the speeds is interpolated between these significant speeds based on the different difference values. Preferably, linear interpolation is used. According to a further embodiment, interpolation is carried out on the basis of so-called cubic splines. Advantageously, the significant speed values include the maximum and minimum modulation depth of the plant. Those skilled in the art will recognize that the significant speed values are not limited to the maximum and minimum modulation levels.

If a break-up of the control loop is detected, it can be assumed that a critical combustion during operation or a combustion near the critical values. As a reaction, a safety shutdown of the burner system with subsequent imposition is provided. This allows the system to be maintained.

Alternatively, the system may continue operating with or without safety shutdown, with multiple tests being repeated shortly after the failed test. Only after a predetermined number of failed tests and / or after a given relative frequency of failed tests then takes place an imposition. This approach has the advantage that short-term covers and / or very strong influences that simulate a cover of the supply air / exhaust system 8, do not bring the system out of action. High availability is guaranteed. As short-term covers and / or very strong influences come, for example, strong wind into consideration.

Another possibility of the reaction is the displacement of the ionisation current desired value 14 by a predetermined increment until the test repeated at short intervals is passed successfully. However, this increased availability is offset by a period of operation during the test sequence where the device can produce critical emissions. For potentially fast draining covers and / or blockages, this reaction is therefore less preferred. In this case, preferably a very large (significant) correction can be selected. It is also possible to accurately correct the characteristic 16 via other known drift corrections at the corresponding speed points.

In principle, other errors that affect the burner electrode system 1, 7 can also be detected with the described test sequence. Thus, of course, a drift of the ionization electrode 7 can be revealed by deposits and / or bending. Compared with the other methods mentioned, a correction of the setpoint ionization current value 14 is rather difficult and / or inaccurate. For this, the method has the advantage of immediately detecting a rapid change in the characteristic curve 21. The method further has the advantage that it can respond immediately as a result of detecting a rapid change. Thus, the various procedures complement each other.

The test is representative of a particular speed band of speed 12. Such a validation band is typically ± 300 revolutions per minute, ± 400 revolutions per minute or ± 800 revolutions per minute depending on the blower type. Therefore, once a test is requested, another test must be performed after each adjustment of the power (modulation) over the fan speed 12, which is greater than the specified band. Equally, a new test is then requested after each startup. Tests are carried out after changing the speed 12 (power adjustment) and / or after each start-up until a specified number of tests have been passed. According to a specific embodiment tests are carried out until a predetermined percentage of tests is passed. Preferably, at least 50 percent, more preferably at least 80 percent, more preferably at least 95 percent of the tests are passed.

It is therefore advantageous to divide the speed range in which the burner system works into solid bands. This case is for the control setpoint characteristic in FIG. 7 shown. If a test procedure is carried out at a speed 12 within a belt 32, it can be assumed that for all speeds 12 in the belt 32 this test has sufficient validity. Therefore, you are still sufficiently far away from critical combustion values for all speeds 12 in the band. The tape 32 can thus be marked as tested. Operation in the marked speed band is not critical until, for example, a sufficiently large change in the weighting factor for the tested marked band 32 is detected.

The bands 32 are thus advantageous if a test has been requested and passed. It can thus be ensured that follow-up tests are actually only carried out at another rotational speed 12 from another band 32. The test sequence will be terminated if the tests were successful at sufficiently wide rotational speeds 12.

Typical bandwidths are typically ± 300 revolutions per minute, ± 400 revolutions per minute or ± 800 revolutions per minute depending on the blower type. The person skilled in the art recognizes that the bands 32 can also overlap so that a test can be assigned to two bands 32. You could as well instead set less bands and a higher bandwidth. This measure can reduce the number of tests. The distance between the rotational speeds 12 for follow-up tests is thus increased.

Another important application is the presented test procedure within the defined speed bands 32, if other drift test mechanisms can not be used.

As is known, the drift of a burner-electrode system must be determined by deposits and / or by bending the ionization electrode at regular time intervals at specific rotational speed points. For execution, the respective specified speed point must be reached for the drift test. The heat must be dissipated there for a short while. Especially at very low speeds corresponding to small burner performance such tests are difficult to perform due to wind influences. If the drift test points at higher speeds can not be achieved because the heat can not be dissipated, the system must shut down before the drift test point is reached. The drift test can not be performed.

If such a drift test and a subsequent correction of the ionization current setpoint value 15 can not be carried out over a predefined period of time, then normally the burner system would have to be switched off and locked. In such a case, drift due to deposits on the ionization electrode and / or bending of the ionization electrode can no longer be ruled out. As a result, critical emissions could occur. By performing the alternative tests disclosed herein, availability can be (significantly) increased. Finally, the tests can be performed virtually at any stable speed 12. In addition, the test duration is extremely short, for example typically 5 seconds or 10 seconds. Thus, the heat can be dissipated in any case.

A test disclosed herein is then requested and executed when the predefined time period for drift correction has expired and drift correction could not be performed. All speed bands 32 are initially marked as not tested. In the band 32, in which currently the speed 12 is sufficiently stationary, then the test is performed. This tape 32 is marked as tested if the test was successful. Upon reaching another belt 32 with sufficient stationary speed 12, a test is then performed in this other belt 32. This other band 32 is also marked as tested in the case of a successful test procedure. In all bands 32 marked as tested, a test is no longer performed when the rotational speed 12 reaches one of those bands 32 again. In bands 32 marked as untested, the test is performed. The respective speed band 32 is marked after successful completion of the test as tested.

This process continues until a predetermined time has passed in which a critical drift could occur. Then all flags are reset and the tests are requested and performed for each new, unmarked tape 32.

The alternative tests are performed including resetting the band marks until a speed of 12 is reached, and there drift correction has been successfully performed according to a known method.

A safety shutdown with fault occurs only if a test is not passed, ie a critical condition has occurred and / or threatens to occur. In addition, in this case, the respective speed band 32 remain marked as untested. The tests can be repeated several times until a fault is generated after the number of failed tests. This further improves availability.

According to a further embodiment, a fault occurs when no test has been carried out during the predetermined time, that is to say that no steady-state condition is reached even for a short time. For this very unlikely case, a safety shutdown with fault position is recommended, as the burner output is unstable over a longer period of time.

The above-described measure can significantly increase the availability of the burner system. In a particularly preferred variant, an increase in the availability of non-feasible drift tests and a recognition of spontaneous coverage and / or spontaneous blocking can be combined with one another.

It is likewise provided to carry out the detection of blockages and / or covers on the basis of a neural network. The neural network has a series of input neurons, which together form the input layer. The input neurons are set with input data such as fuel valve position 13, ionization current 14, fan speed 12. Preferably, the input data is normalized before the input neurons are set. In particular, it is provided to normalize the input data x in each case by a method according to Gauss, taking into account the mean value μ and the standard deviation σ of the respective input data. This results in a normalized value x _norm according to: $${\mathrm{x}}_{\mathrm{standard}}=\frac{x-\mu }{\mathrm{\sigma }}$$

The neural network also has at least one output neuron. The entirety of the output neurons forms the output layer. In a specific embodiment, the at least one output neuron outputs a number between 0 and 1, or between 0% and 100%, indicating the degree of coverage and / or blocking. The output neuron of the particular embodiment can be implemented, for example, by a sigmoid or tan hyperbolic (tanh) activation function.

In a simplified embodiment, the at least one output neuron outputs a number, such as 0 or 1, which in the case of 0 indicates that there is no coverage and / or blocking. In the case of an output of 1, however, there is a cover and / or blocking. The output neuron The simplified embodiment can be realized for example by means of a step function.

In an extended embodiment, the neural network has at least two output neurons. Below, a first output neuron corresponds to the specific embodiment from above, that is, a coverage degree is output. A second output neuron corresponds to the aforementioned simplified embodiment. So there is 0 or 1 corresponding to no coverage or existing coverage.

The neural network also has at least one hidden layer of neurons. Preferably, the at least one hidden layer of neurons has 7, 8 or 9 neurons. According to another embodiment, the at least one hidden layer of neurons has 3, 4 or 5 neurons. The hidden layer neurons are typically perceptron neurons that operate according to a sigmoid or a tangent hyperbolic (tanh) activation function.

Ideally, each neuron of the at least one hidden layer is associated with each neuron of the input layer. Likewise, ideally, each neuron of the at least one hidden layer is connected to each neuron of the output layer. In addition, each neuron may have a distortion connection and / or a distortion parameter which determines the activation function of the respective neuron.

The connections of the neural network have weights which are determined by training the neural network. In a special case, the neural network is trained via error feedback. For this purpose, a set of input and output values determined under test conditions is used. At the same time an error function is defined. The error function is then minimized using a method such as error feedback under the given input and output values. According to another embodiment, an evolutionary algorithm, such as a genetic algorithm, is used to minimize the error function.

Furthermore, the learning methods for minimizing the error function can be combined with each other. For example, using a genetic algorithm, a set of weights can be determined that is close to the global minimum. Subsequently, the global minimum of the error function is determined via error feedback and / or via a gradient descent method. The combined use of learning methods has the advantage that it is more likely that a global minimum and not just a local minimum of the error function will be determined.

Further, in the error function, a distinction can be made between first and second type errors. Thus, the neural network can be trained so that covers and / or blocks are detected with high probability. At the same time there is the possibility of a false report of a cover and / or blocking in this case. In another case, the neural network can be selected by choosing a Error function are trained so that an interruption-free operation is largely guaranteed. In that case, it may happen that a cover and / or blocking is not recognized. It is also possible for this case that a cover and / or blocking is not recognized until it has progressed far.

The person skilled in the art recognizes that the neural network disclosed here can also be used to detect the drift of an ionization electrode and / or other states of a burner system.

The neural network can be practically implemented on the control device 10 by the structure of the network is stored in the control device 10. The structure of the network includes, for example, the number and type of neurons per layer and the connections between the neurons. At the same time an optimal set of weightings of the connections is deposited. The control device loads to evaluate a present situation of the neural network according to the deposited structure. Furthermore, the weightings of the connections are set according to the stored record. Subsequently, the input parameters such as fuel supply 13, fan speed 12 and signal of the ionization electrode 14 are possibly normalized and set as input values. By activating the neural network, it generates one or more output values that indicate coverage and / or blocking and / or the degree thereof.

The output value or the output values are processed as usual. For example, interlocks and / or error messages can be initiated by the output values. In an advantageous embodiment, when a cover and / or blocking is output by the neural network, a previously described test is carried out by the control device 10 for steady-state operation.

Portions of a controller or method according to the present disclosure may be implemented as hardware, as a software module executed by a computing unit, or a cloud computer, or as a combination of the foregoing. The software may include firmware, a hardware driver running within an operating system, or an application program. Thus, the present disclosure also relates to a computer program product that incorporates the features of this disclosure or performs the necessary steps. When implemented as software, the functions described may be stored as one or more instructions on a computer-readable medium. Some examples of computer-readable media include random access memory (RAM), magnetic random access memory (MRAM), read only memory (ROM), flash memory, electronically programmable ROM (EPROM), electronically programmable and erasable ROM (EEPROM), arithmetic unit, register Hard disk, a removable storage device, optical storage, or any suitable medium that can be accessed by a computer or other IT devices and applications.

In other words, the present disclosure teaches a control device for controlling combustion through a burner system as a function of a setpoint ionization current value, the burner system comprising a flame region (2) and at least one ionization electrode (7) arranged in a flame region (2) of the burner system an air actuator (3) configured to influence a supply amount of air in response to an air adjusting signal (11); and a fuel actuator (5) configured to supply a supply amount of fuel depending on one To influence fuel control signal (13),
wherein the control device (10) is designed to receive signals (14) from the at least one ionization electrode (7) and process them to actual values of an ionization current,
wherein the control device (10) is adapted to generate a first air control signal (11) and to output to the air actuator (3) and by controlling the actual values of the ionization current to the ionisationsstrom setpoint a fuel control signal (13) to generate and output to the fuel actuator (5),
to generate from the ionisationsstrom setpoint increased by a predetermined amount setpoint (24) and
at the first air control signal (11) to generate a modified fuel control signal (13) by controlling the actual values of the ionization current to the increased set point (24),
the modified fuel-adjusting signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint value (24) evaluates whether the control device (10) regulates combustion by the burner installation using the increased setpoint value (24) outside a control range for stationary control;
determine, based on the evaluation, whether (or that) controls the control device (10) using the increased setpoint (24) outside the control range for stationary control of combustion by the burner system,
wherein the control means (10) using the increased set point (24) outside the control range for a stationary control of combustion by the burner system controls, if at constant input variables (such as the increased set point (24) and / or the air control signal (11 )) and after subsidence of transients further temporal changes, in particular temporal changes outside a predetermined and in the control device (10) deposited band of the control device (10) generated, modified fuel-adjusting signal (13) occur.

The control device (10) is preferably designed to generate a fuel control signal (13) by controlling the actual values of the ionization current to the increased desired value, wherein the control comprises comparing the actual values of the ionization current with the increased desired value, the generating an error signal from the comparing and generating a fuel control signal (13) from the error signal. Particularly preferably, the generated, modified fuel control signal (13) is also output to the fuel actuator (5). The air actuator (3) is preferably designed to influence a supply amount of air to the flame region (2) in response to an air-control signal (11). The fuel actuator (5) is preferably designed to influence a supply amount of fuel to the flame region (2) in dependence on a fuel control signal (13). The increased set point (24) is preferably an increased one ionization current setpoint (24). The predetermined amount is preferably stored in (a memory) of the control device. The first air control signal (11) is preferably constant over time. The first air control signal (11) is preferably unaffected by the control to the increased set point (24). Preferably, the air actuator (3) is adapted to influence supply amounts of air in response to air control signals (11) and to report an air quantity signal (12) to the control device (10). The transients preferably preferably decay within no more than 5 seconds, no more than 15 seconds, no more than 60 seconds, or no more than 5 minutes. The transient process has subsided when the oscillating component of the amplitudes of the output variables, in particular of the fuel control signal (13), has decreased to the 1 / e-th part, e = 2.7173, or to an even smaller proportion, such as less than 10% or even 1% has decreased.

The person skilled in the art recognizes that a regulation to an increased desired value (24) is also possible under control of the air supply (11), the fuel supply remaining constant. Subsequently, it is determined by evaluation on the basis of the air control signal (11) whether the control regulates combustion in an area for steady-state control by the burner system.

The control device (10) is preferably designed to generate a modified fuel control signal (13) in the first air control signal (11) by regulating the actual values of the ionization current to the increased setpoint value (24), the control comprising a comparison the actual values of the ionization current with the increased setpoint value (24), the generation of an error signal from the comparison, and the generation of an altered fuel adjustment signal (13) from the error signal.

Preferably, the predetermined amount is at least 5 percent, at least 20 percent, or even at least 100 percent of the ionization current setpoint.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is designed to evaluate the air control signal (11) and / or the actual values of the ionization current (14) and to check for the presence of a steady state a stationary state is present when the air control signal (11) and / or the actual values of the ionization current (14) fluctuate within respectively predetermined bands.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the air actuator (3) is adapted to influence supply quantities of air in dependence on air control signals (11) and an air quantity signal (12) to the control device (10) report, and wherein the control device (10) is adapted to evaluate the air control signal (11) and / or the reported air flow signal (12) and / or the actual values of the ionization current (14) and the presence of a steady state wherein a stationary state is present when the air control signal (11) and / or the reported air flow signal (12) and / or the actual values of the ionization flow (14) fluctuate within respectively predetermined bands.

The generated air control signals (11) and the actual values of the ionization flow preferably fluctuate within respective given bands by deviations of at most ± 1 percent, of at most ± 10 percent or even of at most ± 50 percent about the respective mean values. By way of example, arithmetic or geometric mean values are possible as average values. Furthermore, these may be adaptively formed mean values. According to a specific embodiment, the control device (10) comprises an (adaptive) low-pass filter which performs the formation of average values. The averages are averaged, for example, for at least 2 seconds, at least 10 seconds or at least 20 seconds.

Among other things, the distances between the respective maximum and minimum values from the mean value are provided as a measure of the deviations. Furthermore, deviations from the standard deviation of the mean and its multiples as well as the variance come into consideration.

In an alternative method, the generated air control signals (11) and / or rotational speed signals (12) are compared with each other at regular intervals. A steady state also prevails here when the last generated air control signal (11) and / or speed signal (12) by less than 1 percent, less than 10 percent, or further by less than 50 percent of the previously used Luftstellsignal (11) and / or speed signal (12) deviates. Typical regular intervals for the comparison of the aerial control signals (11) and / or rotational speed signals (12) are at least 2 seconds, at least 10 seconds or at least 20 seconds.

The processing of the signals (14) from the at least one ionization electrode (7) to actual values of the ionization current preferably comprises processing in an analog-to-digital converter. Preferably, the control device (10) comprises the analog-to-digital converter. The person skilled in the art selects an analog-to-digital converter with suitable resolution and speed.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is formed, depending on a processed to an actual value of the ionization current signal (14) of the at least one ionization electrode (7) and in dependence on the ionization current setpoint to generate a steady state fuel actuation signal (13) which, within a steady state control range, allows stationary control of combustion by the combustor and to output the steady state fuel actuation signal (13) thus generated to the fuel actuator (5).

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is designed based on the evaluation to determine that the control device (10) using the elevated setpoint (24) outside the control range for a stationary control of combustion by the Burner system controls, if the basis of the increased setpoint (24) generated fuel control signal (13) exceeds a predetermined maximum value.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is designed based on the evaluation to determine that the control device (10) using the elevated setpoint (24) outside the control range for a stationary control of combustion by the Burner system controls, if the fuel control signal (13) generated based on the increased setpoint (24) exceeds a predetermined maximum value during a predetermined period of time.

The predetermined maximum value is preferably stored as a value (matched to the burner system) in the control device (10). The predetermined period of time is preferably stored as a value (matched to the burner system) in the control device (10). The predetermined period of time is less than 1 second, less than 10 seconds or less than 60 seconds according to a particular embodiment.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the predetermined maximum value corresponds to a maximum open position of the fuel actuator (5). The maximum opening position of the fuel actuator (5) is preferably stored (as a value) in (a memory) of the control direction.

In this case, the fuel actuator (5) is adjustable and / or in the maximum open position of the fuel actuator (5), the throughput (6) of fuel can not be increased by adjusting the fuel actuator (5).

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is formed, depending on a processed to an actual value of the ionization current signal (14) of the at least one ionization electrode (7) and in dependence on the ionization current setpoint generate steady state fuel actuation signal (13) which, within a steady state control range, allows stationary control of combustion by the combustor and to store the steady state fuel actuation signal (13) thus generated;
wherein the control device (10) is designed to form a difference from the fuel control signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint value and the stored stationary fuel control signal (13).

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is designed to determine, by evaluating the fuel control signal (13) generated from the increased setpoint, that the control device (10) is operated using the increased setpoint (24). controls outside of a control range for a stationary control of combustion by the burner system, if the difference formed exceeds a predetermined threshold.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is designed to be a value as a function of a difference, which is determined from the basis of increased setpoint generated fuel actuating signal (13) and the stored stationary fuel control signal (13) was formed,
wherein the control device (10) is designed to determine, by evaluating the fuel control signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint value, that the control device (10) uses the increased setpoint value (24) outside of a control range for stationary control of combustion the burner system controls, if the value generated as a function of the difference exceeds a predetermined threshold.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is formed, depending on a processed to an actual value of the ionization current signal (14) of the at least one ionization electrode (7) and in dependence on the ionization current setpoint generate stationary fuel control signal (13), which allows within a control range for a stationary control to control stationary combustion by the burner system, and
the stationary fuel actuating signal (13) thus generated is stored, wherein the regulating device (10) is designed to generate an amount of a difference from the fuel actuating signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint (24) and the stored stationary fuel actuating signal ( 13) to form, and
determine on the basis of the evaluation that the control device (10) regulates using the increased setpoint value (24) outside the control range for stationary control of the combustion by the burner system,
if the amount formed exceeds a predetermined threshold value over an entire predetermined period of time (continuous and / or continuous).

The entire predetermined period of time according to a specific embodiment is less than 1 second, less than 10 seconds or less than 60 seconds.

According to a specific embodiment, the above-mentioned function is the identity function or the magnitude function. According to another embodiment, the function is a time derivative. According to yet another embodiment, the function is a quotient of difference and time or a quotient of the amount of difference and time. For example, the time span between two actual values of the ionization current processed directly one after the other is considered as time. Furthermore, the period of time between two immediately successively received signals (14) of the ionization electrode (7), for example, comes into consideration.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is formed, depending on a processed to an actual value of the ionization current signal (14) of the at least one ionization electrode (7) and in dependence on the ionization current setpoint stationary fuel control signal (13) to produce, which within a Steady state control range allows stationary control of combustion by the burner plant, and
the stationary fuel actuating signal (13) thus generated is stored, wherein the regulating device (10) is designed to generate an amount of a difference from the fuel actuating signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint (24) and the stored stationary fuel actuating signal ( 13) to form, and
determine on the basis of the evaluation that the control device (10) regulates using the increased setpoint value (24) outside the control range for stationary control of the combustion by the burner system,
If the amount formed continues to exceed a predetermined threshold after a predetermined period of time.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) has a communication interface for sending error messages and is designed to generate an error message if it is determined based on the evaluation that the control device (10) using the increased Set point (24) outside a control range for a stationary control of combustion by the burner system,
wherein the control device (10) is designed to send the generated error message based on the communication interface.

According to a specific embodiment, the communication interface is a wireless interface and / or an interface of a CAN bus according to ISO 11898-1: 2015. The interface is preferably compatible with a protocol, preferably a protocol of a CAN bus according to ISO 11898-1: 2015. The error message is preferably sent using the protocol.

The error message is sent using the communication interface, for example, to a user interface such as a graphical user interface. The sending of the error message on the basis of the communication interface can continue, for example, to a further unit such as a further control device (10) and / or a mobile terminal.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is adapted to generate a shutdown fuel control signal (13) for reducing the supply amount of fuel to zero and output to the fuel actuator (5), if based is determined on the evaluation that the control device (10) using the increased set point (24) outside a control range for a steady-state control of combustion by the burner system controls.

According to a special embodiment, the fuel actuator (5) is lockable. The output of the shutdown fuel control signal (13) to the fuel actuator (5) causes a locking of the Fuel actuator (5). In the locked state, no fuel (6) can flow through the fuel actuator (5). The burner system is in a safe condition during combustion without combustion.

According to a special embodiment, the burner system and / or the fuel actuator (5) can go into faulty position. The abovementioned output of the switching-off fuel actuating signal (13) takes place to the burner system, in particular to the fuel actuator (5). It causes a fault position of the burner system and / or the fuel actuator (5). In fault position, the fuel actuator (5) is permanently locked. The fault position and thus the permanent locking is (exclusively) via a manual intervention, in particular a manual input, cancels.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device is designed to generate, store and output an air control signal (11) to the air actuator (3),
wherein the control device (10) is adapted to generate from the ionisationsstrom setpoint increased by a predetermined amount setpoint and
by regulation to the increased setpoint to generate a fuel control signal (13) and output to the fuel actuator (5) and
simultaneously or substantially simultaneously, the stored air control signal (11) to the air actuator (3) output.

According to a specific embodiment, substantially simultaneously within less than 2 seconds, preferably within less than 0.2 seconds, more preferably within less than 0.05 seconds.

According to a preferred embodiment, the generated and stored air control signal (11) enables a stationary control of the combustion by the burner system.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is designed to generate a further desired value (24) following the evaluation,
by controlling the actual values of the ionization current to the further setpoint (24) to produce a further, modified fuel control signal (13), which allows within a control range for a stationary control, stationary control of combustion by the burner system, and
to issue the further modified fuel control signal (13) to the fuel actuator (5).

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) has a settable register value for initiating a check for steady-state control using the increased setpoint (24) and is designed to form pairs of an air control signal (11 ) and to generate a fuel actuating signal (13),
wherein the control device (10) is adapted to calculate a characteristic value (19) from the fuel control signal (13) and the air control signal (11) from each of the pairs generated, so that for each pair generated a calculated characteristic value (19) is present
wherein the control device (10) is designed to average the calculated characteristic values (19) to a first mean value based on a first predetermined time constant,
wherein the control device (10) is designed to average the calculated characteristic values (19) based on a second predetermined time constant to a second average value,
wherein the controller (10) is adapted to calculate a difference between the first average and the second average and to compare the calculated difference with a predetermined threshold, and
set the register value to initiate a steady state check using the increased setpoint (24) if the calculated difference exceeds the predetermined threshold.

Preferably, the control device (10) is designed to calculate from each of the generated pairs a characteristic value (19) as a function of the fuel control signal (13), stored characteristic values (17, 18) and the air control signal (11) such that a calculated characteristic value (19) is present for each pair produced.

Preferably, the control device (10) is formed from each of the generated pairs a characteristic value (19) as a quotient of the difference between the fuel control signal (13) and a determined using the air control signal (11) value of a characteristic (17 ) or (18) and the difference of values of the two characteristic curves (17) and (18) determined with the aid of the air adjusting signal (11) such that a calculated characteristic value (19) is present for each pair produced.

Preferably, the control device comprises one or more low-pass filters for performing the averaging on the first and / or the second mean value.

Preferably, the first and / or the second mean value are geometric and / or arithmetic mean values.

Preferably, the threshold for a (normalized) difference of the two means is 5 percent, 20 percent or even 100 percent. The threshold value is preferably stored in the control device (10) (value matched to the burner system).

Preferably, the first time constant is 10, 15 or 20 seconds. Preferably, the second time constant is different from the first time constant and 30, 45 or 60 seconds.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices,
wherein the air actuator (3) is adapted to influence a supply amount of air in response to an air control signal (11) by setting a rotational speed (12) within an adjustable rotational speed range,
wherein the control device (10) is designed to subdivide the adjustable speed range into at least two speed bands (32),
select one of the at least two speed bands (32),
to generate within the selected speed band (32) a second air control signal (11),
to generate a desired value (24) increased by a predetermined amount from the ionization current desired value,
in the second air control signal (11) by controlling the actual values of the ionization current to the increased set point (24) to produce a modified fuel control signal (13),
to evaluate the changed fuel control signal (13) generated from the increased setpoint (24) to determine whether the controller (10) controls using the increased setpoint (24) outside a control range for stationary control of combustion by the burner plant,
wherein the controller (10) has settable register values for each of the at least two speed bands (32) and is configured to set the register value for the selected speed band (32) based on the evaluation of stationary combustion control by the burner system.

The second air control signal (11) is preferably constant over time. The second air control signal (11) is preferably unaffected by the control to the increased set point (24). According to a special embodiment, the second air control signal (11) is equal to the first air control signal (11). In other words, it is on the one hand possible to carry out the test in a first speed band (32) to a first air adjustment signal (11) and then in a second speed band (32) to repeat a second air adjustment signal (11). On the other hand, it is possible to perform the test in a first speed band (32) to a first pitch signal (11) and to set the register value for the speed band (32) to the first pitch signal (11).

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the controller (10) divides the adjustable speed range of the speed (12) into individual speed bands (32), and wherein a steady state control with increased ionization current setpoint at a speed within a speed range (32) provides a representative result for all other speeds (12) in relation to whether the current air ratio in operation λ (20) is within or outside a λ range (26).

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforesaid control devices, wherein the control device (10) is designed to re-regulate the actual values of the ionization current for air control signals (11) within a speed band (32) for which the settable register value is set to the increased set point (24).

Preferably, the λ region (26) is defined by increased or critical emissions occurring during operation within the λ region (26).

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the register values that can be set for each of the at least two speed bands (32) are erasable and the control device (10) is designed to erase all of the register values that can be set for each of the at least two speed bands (32).

The present disclosure further teaches the aforesaid control device having the speed range of the speed (12) divided into markable speed bands (32), the control means being arranged to cancel and / or undo the marks for each speed band (32) after a predetermined period of time and / or reset. The control device is designed, as a result of the canceled and / or reversed and / or reset markings for each speed band (32) within each speed band (32) with canceled and / or undone and / or reset mark testing for stationary behavior under increased ionisationsstrom Setpoint. Typical values of the given period of time are 10 hours or 30 hours or 100 hours.

The present disclosure further teaches the above-mentioned controller with the speed range (12) divided into speed bands (32).
wherein the control device is designed to carry out other monitoring and / or correction mechanisms effectively,
wherein the control device is designed to perform a test on stationary behavior under increased ionisationsstrom setpoint when a stored in the control device (10) predetermined time threshold value is exceeded since the effective implementation of other monitoring and / or correction mechanisms, and
to prevent a test for steady-state behavior under increased ionization current setpoint, if the other monitoring and / or correction mechanisms can be effectively performed.

The present disclosure further teaches a burner assembly comprising a flame section (2) and at least one ionization electrode (7) disposed in the flame section (2) of the burner system and an air actuator (3) which supplies a supply of air in response to an air control signal (11), and a fuel actuator (5) which influences a supply amount of fuel in response to a fuel adjusting signal (13),
the burner system additionally comprising one of the aforementioned control devices (10),
wherein the control device (10) communicatively (11-14) is connected to the at least one ionization electrode (7), the air actuator (3) and the fuel actuator (5).

The present disclosure further teaches a control device for controlling combustion through a burner system as a function of an ionization current setpoint, the burner system comprising a flame region (2) and at least one ionization electrode (7) arranged in the flame region (2) of the burner system and an air An actuator (3) configured to affect a supply amount of air in response to an air-adjusting signal (11), and a fuel actuator (5) configured to supply a supply of fuel in response to a fuel-adjusting signal (13) influence
wherein the control device (10) is designed to receive signals (14) from the at least one ionization electrode (7) and process them to actual values of an ionization current,
wherein the control device (10) is designed to generate a first air control signal (11) and to output it to the air actuator (3) and to regulate the actual values of the ionization current to the ionization current desired value, a fuel control signal (13). and to output to the fuel actuator (5), and
to generate from the ionisationsstrom setpoint increased by a predetermined amount setpoint (24) and
to generate a modified fuel control signal (13) at the first air control signal (11) by controlling the actual values of the ionization current to the increased set point (24), and
to evaluate the changed fuel-adjusting signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint (24) by comparison with a predetermined maximum value
and to detect a blockage based on the evaluation
wherein the control device (10) is designed to detect the blockage based on the evaluation, if the fuel control signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint value (24) exceeds the predetermined maximum value.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is designed to evaluate the air control signal (11) and / or the actual values of the ionization current (14) and to check for a lack of blocking Blocking is missing when the air control signal (11) and / or the actual values of the ionization current (14) fluctuate within respectively predetermined bands.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the combustor includes an exhaust path, preferably an exhaust path in (direct) fluid communication with the flame section (2) of the combustor, and the blockage is blockage of the exhaust path.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is formed, wherein the control device (10) is designed to detect the blockage based on the evaluation if the fuel control signal generated based on the increased setpoint (24) (13) exceeds the predetermined maximum value during a predetermined period of time.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the predetermined maximum value corresponds to a maximum open position of the fuel actuator (5).

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is formed, depending on a processed to an actual value of the ionization current signal (14) of the at least one ionization electrode (7) and in dependence on the ionization current setpoint generate stationary fuel control signal (13), which allows, within a control range for a steady-state control, stable combustion, that is to say stationary, regulation by the burner system, and to store the stationary fuel control signal (13) thus generated,
wherein the control device (10) is adapted to form a difference from the fuel control signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint (24) and the stored stationary fuel control signal (13), and
wherein the control device (10) is designed to detect the blockage based on the evaluation of the fuel control signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint value (24),
if the difference formed or a value generated as a function of the difference formed exceeds a predetermined threshold value.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is formed, depending on a processed to an actual value of the ionization current signal (14) of the at least one ionization electrode (7) and in dependence on the ionization current setpoint generate stationary fuel control signal (13), which allows, within a control range for a steady-state control, stable combustion, that is to say stationary, regulation by the burner system, and to store the stationary fuel control signal (13) thus generated,
wherein the control device (10) is adapted to form an amount of a difference from the fuel control signal (13) and the stored stationary fuel control signal (13) generated from the increased setpoint (24), and
wherein the control device (10) is designed to detect the blockage based on the evaluation of the fuel control signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint value (24),
if the amount formed exceeds a predetermined threshold over a whole predetermined time period.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) has a communication interface for sending error messages and is designed to generate an error message if, based on the evaluation, the blocking is detected,
wherein the control device (10) is designed to send the generated error message based on the communication interface.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is adapted to generate a shutdown fuel control signal (13) for reducing the supply amount of fuel to zero and output to the fuel actuator (5), if based on the evaluation the blocking is detected.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) is designed to generate a further desired value (24) following the evaluation,
by controlling the actual values of the ionization current to the further setpoint (24) to produce a further, modified fuel control signal (13), which allows within a control range for a stationary control to stably control a combustion by the burner system, and
to issue the further modified fuel control signal (13) to the fuel actuator (5).

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the control device (10) has a settable register value for causing a check for the presence of the blockage using the increased setpoint value (24) and is designed to form pairs of an air control signal ( 11) and to generate a respective fuel actuating signal (13),
wherein the control device (10) is adapted to calculate a characteristic value (19) from the fuel control signal (13) and the air control signal (11) from each of the pairs generated, so that for each pair generated a calculated characteristic value (19) is present
wherein the control device (10) is designed to average the calculated characteristic values (19) to a first mean value based on a first predetermined time constant,
wherein the control device (10) is designed to average the calculated characteristic values (19) based on a second predetermined time constant to a second average value,
wherein the controller (10) is adapted to calculate a difference between the first average and the second average and to compare the calculated difference with a predetermined threshold, and
set the register value to cause a check for the presence of the lock using the increased setpoint (24) if the calculated difference exceeds the predetermined threshold.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the air actuator (3) is adapted to influence a supply amount of air in response to an air control signal (11) by setting a rotational speed (12) within an adjustable rotational speed range.
wherein the control device (10) is designed to subdivide the adjustable speed range into at least two speed bands (32),
select one of the at least two speed bands (32),
to generate within the selected speed band (32) a second air control signal (11),
to generate a desired value (24) increased by a predetermined amount from the ionization current desired value,

in the second air control signal (11) by controlling the actual values of the ionization current to the increased set point (24) to produce a modified fuel control signal (13),
to evaluate the modified fuel-adjusting signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint value (24)
and to detect the blockage based on the evaluation,
wherein the controller (10) has settable register values for each of the at least two speed bands (32) and is configured to set the register value for the selected speed band (32) based on the detected stall.

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforesaid control devices, wherein the control device (10) is designed to re-regulate the actual values of the ionization current for air control signals (11) within a speed band (32) for which the settable register value is set to the increased set point (24).

The present disclosure further teaches one of the aforementioned control devices, wherein the register values that can be set for each of the at least two speed bands (32) are erasable and the control device (10) is designed to erase all of the register values that can be set for each of the at least two speed bands (32).

The present disclosure further teaches a burner assembly comprising a flame section (2) and at least one ionization electrode (7) disposed in a flame section (2) of the burner system and an air actuator (3) which supplies a supply of air in response to an air control signal (11), and a fuel actuator (5) which influences a supply amount of fuel in response to a fuel adjusting signal (13),
the burner system additionally comprising one of the aforementioned control devices (10),
wherein the control device (10) communicatively (11-14) is connected to the at least one ionization electrode (7), the air actuator (3) and the fuel actuator (5).

The above refers to individual embodiments of the disclosure. Various changes may be made to the embodiments without departing from the basic idea and without departing from the scope of this disclosure. The subject matter of the present disclosure is defined by its claims. Various changes can be made without departing from the scope of the following claims.

reference numeral

1. 1 burner
2. 2 firebox
3. 3 blowers
4. 4 air flow
5. 5 fuel valve
6. 6 fluid flow of a combustible fluid (fuel flow rate)
7. 7 ionization electrode
8. 8 exhaust path
9. 9 cooled exhaust gas
10. 10 control, monitoring and / or monitoring unit
11. 11 Air flow signal from 10
12. 12 speed signal (of blower 3)
13. 13 Fuel flow rate signal from 10
14. 14 Signal from ionization electrode 7
15. 15 ionization current setpoint
16. 16 Characteristic curve ionization current setpoint / speed signal
17. 17 low-calorie characteristic curve fuel throughput / speed signal
18. 18 higher-calorific characteristic curve fuel throughput / speed signal
19. 19 Currently valid fuel-efficiency / speed signal curve
20. 20 air ratio λ
21. 21 Characteristic curve ionization current setpoint / air ratio
22. 22 ionization current setpoint for given speed signal
23. 23 Air ratio for current ionization current setpoint
24. 24 Increased ionization current setpoint at constant speed
25. 25 air ratio to increased ionization current setpoint
26. 26 critical range of air ratio
27. 27 Characteristic curve ionization current setpoint / air ratio with partial cover / blocking
28. 28 Air ratio for current ionization current setpoint with partial coverage / blockage
29. 29 Air ratio to increased ionization current setpoint with partial coverage / blockage
30. 30 Characteristic curve ionization current setpoint / air ratio with advanced coverage / blocking
31. 31 Air ratio for current ionization current setpoint with advanced coverage / stall
32. 32 bands or single band (the speed 12) into which the speed range is divided

Claims (15)

Control device for controlling combustion by a burner system as a function of an ionisationsstrom setpoint, the burner system comprising a flame area (2) and at least one arranged in the flame area (2) of the burner system ionization electrode (7) and an air actuator (3), which is configured to influence a supply amount of air in response to an air adjusting signal (11), and a fuel actuator (5) configured to influence a supply amount of fuel in response to a fuel adjusting signal (13);
wherein the control device (10) is adapted to receive signals (14) from the at least one ionization electrode (7) and to process them to actual values of an ionization current;
wherein the control device (10) is designed to generate a first air control signal (11) and to output it to the air actuator (3) and to regulate the actual values of the ionization current to the ionization current desired value, a fuel control signal (13). to generate and output to the fuel actuator (5); and
to generate from the ionisationsstrom setpoint increased by a predetermined amount setpoint (24) and
at the first air control signal (11) to generate a modified fuel control signal (13) by controlling the actual values of the ionization current to the increased set point (24); and
to evaluate the changed fuel-adjusting signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint (24) by comparison with a predetermined maximum value
and to detect a blockage based on the evaluation
wherein the control device (10) is designed to detect the blockage based on the evaluation, if the fuel control signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint value (24) exceeds the predetermined maximum value. The control device of claim 1, wherein the control device (10) is adapted to evaluate the air actuation signal (11) and / or the actual values of the ionization current (14) and to check for a lack of blocking, wherein the blocking is absent, if the air control signal (11) and / or the actual values of the ionization current (14) fluctuate within respectively predetermined bands. The control device according to one of claims 1 or 2, wherein the burner system comprises an exhaust path, preferably an exhaust path in fluid communication with the flame section (2) of the burner device, and the blockage is a blockage of the exhaust path. The control device according to one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the control device (10) is formed, wherein the control device (10) is designed to detect the blockage based on the evaluation if the fuel control signal generated based on the increased setpoint (24) (13) exceeds the predetermined maximum value during a predetermined period of time. The control device according to one of claims 3 or 4, wherein the predetermined maximum value corresponds to a maximum open position of the fuel actuator (5). The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control device (10) is formed, depending on a processed to an actual value of the ionization current signal (14) of the at least one ionization electrode (7) and in dependence on the ionisationsstrom setpoint generating steady state fuel control signal (13) which, within a steady state control range, stably controls combustion by the burner plant and stores the steady state fuel actuation signal (13) thus generated;
wherein the control device (10) is adapted to form a difference from the fuel control signal (13) generated based on the increased setpoint (24) and the stored stationary fuel control signal (13); and
wherein the control device (10) is designed to detect the blockage based on the evaluation of the fuel control signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint value (24),
if the difference formed or a value generated as a function of the difference formed exceeds a predetermined threshold value. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the control device (10) is formed, depending on a processed to an actual value of the ionization current signal (14) of the at least one ionization electrode (7) and in dependence on the ionisationsstrom setpoint generating steady state fuel control signal (13) which, within a steady state control range, stably controls combustion by the burner plant and stores the steady state fuel actuation signal (13) thus generated;
wherein the control means (10) is adapted to form an amount of a difference from the fuel control signal (13) generated from the increased set point (24) and the stored stationary fuel control signal (13); and
wherein the control device (10) is designed to detect the blockage based on the evaluation of the fuel control signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint value (24),
if the amount formed exceeds a predetermined threshold over a whole predetermined time period. The control device according to one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the control device (10) has a communication interface for sending error messages and is designed to generate an error message if the blockage is detected based on the evaluation;
wherein the control device (10) is designed to send the generated error message based on the communication interface. The control device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the control means (10) is adapted to zero a fuel cut-off signal (13) for reducing the supply amount of fuel and output to the fuel actuator (5) if the blockage is detected based on the evaluation. The control device according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the control device (10) is designed to generate a further desired value (24) following the evaluation;
by controlling the actual values of the ionization current to the further setpoint (24) to produce a further, modified fuel control signal (13), which allows within a control range for a steady-state control to stably control a combustion by the burner system; and
to issue the further modified fuel control signal (13) to the fuel actuator (5). The controller of any one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the controller (10) has a settable register value for causing a check for the presence of the blockage using the incremented setpoint (24) and is configured to receive pairs of each air actuator signal (Fig. 11) and each to generate a fuel control signal (13);
wherein the control device (10) is adapted to calculate a characteristic value (19) from the fuel control signal (13) and the air control signal (11) from each of the pairs generated, so that for each pair generated a calculated characteristic value (19) is available;
wherein the control device (10) is adapted to average the calculated characteristic values (19) based on a first predetermined time constant to a first average value;
wherein the control device (10) is adapted to average the calculated characteristic values (19) based on a second predetermined time constant to a second average value;
wherein the controller (10) is adapted to calculate a difference between the first average and the second average and to compare the calculated difference with a predetermined threshold; and
set the register value to cause a check for the presence of the lock using the increased setpoint (24) if the calculated difference exceeds the predetermined threshold. The control device according to one of claims 1 to 11,
wherein the air actuator (3) is adapted to influence a supply amount of air in response to an air control signal (11) by setting a rotational speed (12) within an adjustable rotational speed range;
wherein the control device (10) is adapted to divide the adjustable speed range into at least two speed bands (32);
select one of the at least two speed bands (32);
to generate within the selected speed band (32) a second air control signal (11);
to generate from the ionization current setpoint a desired value (24) increased by a predetermined amount;
in the second air control signal (11) by controlling the actual values of the ionization current to the increased set point (24) to produce a modified fuel control signal (13);
to evaluate the modified fuel-adjusting signal (13) generated on the basis of the increased setpoint value (24) and to detect the blockage based on the evaluation;
wherein the controller (10) has settable register values for each of the at least two speed bands (32) and is configured to set the register value for the selected speed band (32) based on the detected stall. The control device according to claim 12, wherein the control device (10) is designed to re-regulate the actual values of the ionization current to the increased setpoint value for air control signals (11) within a speed band (32) for which the settable register value is set (24) to prevent. The controller of claim 12, wherein the register values settable for each of the at least two speed bands (32) are erasable and the controller (10) is arranged to clear all of the register values settable for each of the at least two speed bands (32). Burner system comprising a flame region (2) and at least one arranged in a flame region (2) of the burner system ionization electrode (7) and an air actuator (3), which influences a supply amount of air in response to an air control signal (11), and a fuel actuator (5) that influences a supply amount of fuel in response to a fuel adjusting signal (13);
the burner system additionally comprising a control device (10) according to one of claims 1 to 14;
wherein the control device (10) communicatively (11-14) is connected to the at least one ionization electrode (7), the air actuator (3) and the fuel actuator (5).

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